Unit 1 Happy Holiday 核心知识点精讲精练 3(Section B)-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册教材核心知识全解（人教版2024）

Unit 1 Happy Holiday核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section B部分包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、重难句型等核心知识点。 · Section B部分包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空等)与技能提升综合练习(听力、阅读理解、完形填空，语篇填空等)。 · Section B部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. learn from 从...学习 2. feel excited 感到兴奋 3. *fight against sb./sth. 与...作战；与...作斗争 4. World War ll 第二次世界大战 5. walk through 走过 6. *thousands of 数以千计的；成千上万的 7. fall down 落下 8. remind sb. that.. 使某人想起.……;提醒某人 9. at a restaurant 在餐厅 10. feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 11. feel sick 感觉不舒服 12. get a good night's sleep 睡个好觉 13. travel around 四处游览 14. metro station 地铁站 15. feel like 感觉像 16. arrive at 到达 17. a group of 一群 18. take out 拿出 19. *get together 相聚；聚会 20. sing and dance 唱歌跳舞 21. notice the time 注意时间 22. learn about 了解 23. summer/winter holiday 暑假/寒假 24. *in the sun 在阳光下 25. tour guide 导游 26. spend..on... 在..上花费.. 27. too much 太多 28. go over budget 超出预算 29. at peace 安静，宁静 30. the mountain scenery 山景 31. take one’s breath away 令人惊叹 32. a little forgetful 有点儿健忘 33. in different ways 以不同的方式 34. stay comfortable at home 舒适的待在家里 35. not feeling well 感觉不适 36. nothing but 只有，只是 37. have a meal 吃一顿饭 38. play sport 运动 39. have fun 娱乐，玩得开心 40. rest one’s mind and body 放松某人的头脑和身体 41. go back to 回到 42. take a train 乘火车 43. in the countryside 在乡下 44. for example 例如 45. on the last day 在最后一天 46. make a noise 发出响声 47. *turn around 转身；翻转 48. run home 跑回家 49. *look for 寻找 50. hope to do 希望做某事 2、 重点词汇解析(单词前标*为初中新学词汇) 1. *square /skweə(r)/ n. 广场；正方形 adj. 正方形的；平方的 [词汇搭配] Red Square红场；a square room正方形的房间；36 square metres36平方米 [词汇例句] It’s raining. We can’t go skating on the square.下雨了。我们不能在广场上滑冰。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —Every year many people come to visit Nantong Museum. Do you know ________ Nantong Museum is? —It’s about 70,000 square metres in size. A．how tall B．how old C．how large D．how far 2. *during /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/ prep. 在……期间 [词汇搭配] during the trip在旅行期间；during the night在夜间 [词汇例句] I use the Internet at work, during my lunch hour.我上班时在午餐时间使用互联网。 [词汇辨析] during / in / for / through · during指“在...期间”或“在...期间的某个时候”。 Are you going to return to your hometown during the summer holiday? 暑假期间你打算回你的家乡 吗？ · in表示“在...期间”，一般可与during互换使用，用in时往往强调某一动作发生在某一时间段中的某一时间点。 “in+时间段”还可以表示一段时间以后。 I'm getting forgetful in my old age. 我上了年纪，变得健忘了。 They’re leaving for Beijing in three days. 他们三天后离开去北京。 · for表示“持续多长时间”，可以用来回答how long的提问。 —Jack, How long can I keep your bike? 杰克，我能借你的自行车多久？ —For three weeks. 三个礼拜。 · through表示“自始至终，从头到尾”。 He will not live through the night.他活不过今天夜里了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) People use the Kongming Lantern ________ important days and _______ festivals. A．in; during B．on; during C．on; over D．during; at (2) Father brought his little boy to a concert(音乐会). But his too young to sit _______ the whole concert. A．for B．with C．during D．through 3. *victory /ˈvɪktəri/ n. 胜利；成功 [词汇拓展] (pl.) victories ；victor (n.)胜利者；victorious(adj.)胜利的；获胜的 [词汇搭配] the Victory Museum 胜利博物馆；win a victory获得胜利 victory over/against sb./sth.对某人/某事的胜利 [词汇例句] They hugged each other to celebrate the victory. 他们相互拥抱庆祝胜利。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 It was not easy for us to win a victory ________ our enemies in that situation. A．over B．in C．on D．for 4. *fight /faɪt/ n. 战斗；搏斗；斗争；v. 打仗；打架；争吵；努力争取，为…而斗争 [词汇拓展] <过去式>fought /fɔːt/；fighting [词汇搭配] fight against sb / sth 与……作战；与……作斗争；fight for为...而努力争取 fight with sb.与某人争吵；与某人打架；fight back 奋力还击；抑制住 get into a fight with...与...争吵；与...打架 [词汇例句] He got into a fight with a man in the bar.他在酒吧里和一个男人斗殴。 Fighting for your dream is like climbing a mountain.  为梦想奋斗就像爬山。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —Hey, Jim, what’s wrong? —I had a fight ________ my best friend. We haven’t talked to each other for a few weeks. A．with B．for C．between D．about (2) Like Ne Zha, we should fight ________ all the difficulties to realize our dreams. A．against B．without C．beyond D．across 5. *against /əˈgenst/ prep. 反对，与…相反，违反；与…竞争，与...对阵；紧靠；对...不利；以…为背景，衬托；迎着，逆着 [词汇搭配] fight against与...斗争；against the rule违反规则；against the door靠着门 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中against的中文意思。 (1) My head pointed down against the wind when I noticed an old lady.  (2) Students mustn’t use mobile phones during exams. It’s against the rules. (3) Both of them were against my plan. (4) Class Four won the football match against Class Ten. (5) Put the piano there, against the wall. (6) His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow. (7) Her age is against her. Other women are all under 35. 6. *guide /ɡaɪd/ n. 导游；指南，手册；v. 给某人领路；指导；搀扶（某人朝…方向）走；（朝…方向）移动（某物） [词汇搭配] a travel guide 旅行指南；a tour guide 导游；guide sb. to 给某人领路 [词汇例句] She guided us through the busy streets to the cathedral. 她带领我们穿过繁忙的街道去大 教堂。 He guided her hand to his face. 他拉起她的手放到他脸上。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 The wildlife park is very large. Follow your ________, or you’ll get lost easily. A．waiter B．doctor C．guide D．farmer 7. *remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/ v. 提醒；使想起 [词汇拓展] reminder(n.)提醒；提醒人的事物 [词汇搭配] remind sb. of/about...使某人想起；提醒某人...；remind sb. to do...提醒某人做... [词汇例句] The photos reminded me of the old days on the farm这些照片让我想起了农场的旧时光。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Dale, please remind me ________ the windows after school. I’m so forgetful now. A．to closing B．closing C．close D．to close 8. *peace /piːs/ n. 和平，太平；安静，宁静；和睦，融洽 [词汇拓展] peaceful(adj.)和平的；安静的 [词汇搭配] war and peace战争与和平；at peace 安静，宁静；live in peace with与...和睦相处 [词汇例句] He never felt really at peace with himself. 他从未真正感到心里平静过。 9. *easily /ˈiːzɪli/ adv. 容易地，轻易地 [词汇拓展] easy (adj.)容易的，轻松的；安心的 [词汇搭配] come easily轻易到来 [词汇例句] I can easily finish it tonight.我今晚能毫不费力地把它完成。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) The library is not far from here, and you can find it __________ on Fifth Street. A．freely B．easily C．differently D．luckily (2) —How much do you know about ants, Suzy? —Ants can smell things _______, so I think it _______for them to find food. A．good; easy B．well; easy C．good; easily D．well; easily 10. *forget /fə'get/ v. 忘记；遗忘 *forgetful /fə'getfl/ adj. 健忘的；好忘事的 [词汇拓展] <过去式>forgot /fə'gɒt/；forgetfully (adv.)健忘地；unforgettable(adj.)难忘的 [词汇搭配] forget about...忘记...；forget it没关系；别提了；休想，不可能 forget to do忘记去做某事(事情还没做)；forget doing忘记做过某事(事情已做) [词汇例句] She never forgets her daddy's birthday.她从来不会忘记老爸的生日。 [词汇辨析] forget / leave · forget sth.表示“忘记某物，忘记带某物”。 I forgot my homework. 我忘了带作业。 · 表示“把..落在某地”，要用leave sth.+地点。 I left my homework at home. 我把作业落在家里了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) I ________ to bring my English book to school. I ________ it at home. A．left; forgot B．forget; forgot C．left; left D．forgot; left (2) I usually forget ________ the door. But I remembered________ it when I left home yesterday. A．to close, to close B．closing, closing C．closing, to close D．to close, closing 11. *noon /nu:n/ n. 正午；中午 [词汇拓展] afternoon (adj.)下午；midday(n.)中午；正午 [词汇搭配] at noon在正午；morning, noon and night 从早到晚；一天到晚 [词汇例句] She talks about him morning, noon and night. 她整天把他挂在嘴边。 We should be there by noon. 我们应该最晚中午到达。 12. *sick /sɪk/ adj. 生病的；恶心的，想呕吐的；厌恶的； [词汇拓展] sickness (n.)疾病；ill(adj.)生病的；坏的，不良的；不吉利的，不祥的 patient (n.) 病人；(adj.) 耐心的 homesick(adj.)思乡的，想家的；seasick(adj.)晕船的；carsick(adj.)晕车的 [词汇搭配] feel sick感到不舒服；感到恶心；a sick child生病的孩子；be sick of对...厌倦的 make sb. sick使厌恶；使反感；be sick 呕吐 [词汇例句] Her mother's very sick. 她母亲病得很厉害。 She got up and was sick in the handbasin.她起身在洗手池里吐了起来。 [词汇辨析] sick / ill · 二者都可以表示“生病的”，意义接近，sick既可以用于系动词后，也可以用于名词前；ill 通常不用在名词前，而用在动词词组中，如 fall ill (病倒)，be taken ill (生病)等。 He fell ill shortly before Christmas. 临近圣诞节时他病倒了。 · ill也可以用作定语，放在名词前，此时表示“坏的；不吉利的”。 It caused some ill results. 它产生了一些不好的后果。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 “Take this medicine and it will make you ________ better soon,” the nurse says to the ________ boy. A．feel; sick B．to feel; sick C．feeling; ill D．feel; ill 13. *station /'steɪʃn/ n. 火车站；公共汽车站；所，局；电台，电视台 [词汇拓展] stop(n.)公交站牌 [词汇搭配] metro station 地铁站；bus station汽车站；train station火车站；radio station电台 a police station警察局；a petrol/gas station加油站；fire station 消防站 [词汇例句] We arrived at the train station on time. 我们准时到达了火车站。 14. *might /maɪt/ modal v. 可能；可以 [词汇拓展] may (modal v.) 也许，可能 [词汇用法] · （may的过去时，用于间接引语）可能，可以 Amy told us that she might come next Wednesday. 艾米告诉我们她可能下周三来。 · （表示可能性）可能 David might arrive there before 5 p.m. 大卫可能下午5点前赶到那里。 · （用于有礼貌地提出建议）可以 You might call him first. 你可以先给他打个电话。 · （用于有礼貌地提出请求）可以 Might I park my car here? 你能把车停在这里吗？ [词汇例句] [随学随练] 单项填空。 —Where do you want to go on vacation? —I’m not sure. I ________ go to Huangguoshu Waterfall. A．should B．might C．must D．can 15. *budget /'bʌdʒɪt/ n. 预算；v. 把……编入预算；精打细算 [词汇搭配] go over budget 超出预算；a family budget家庭预算 on a tight budget预算紧张；俭省地；budget for...把...编入预算 [词汇例句] It’s important for us to have a budget.对我们来说，有一个预算是很重要的。 Mum budgeted for two new chairs.妈妈把两名新椅子编入了预算。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 To manage(管理) our money well, we should make a _______ first. A．camp B．budget C．scarf D．victory 16. *regular /'redʒələ(r)/ adj. 平常的；有规律的；频繁的，经常的 [词汇拓展] regularly (adv.) 有规律地，定期地；经常 [词汇搭配] regular life 平常的生活；正常生活；take regular exercise规律锻炼 regular breathing均匀的呼吸 [词汇例句] I couldn't see my regular doctor today. 我今天找不到平常给我看病的医生。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 It’s important to have a ________ sleep schedule for good health. A．boring B．regular C．faraway D．silly 17. *surprised /sə'praɪzd/ adj. 惊奇的；惊讶的 [词汇拓展] surprise (n.)惊奇，惊讶；(v.)使惊奇，使感到意外；surprising(adj.)令人惊讶的 [词汇搭配] be surprised to do做某事很惊讶；be surprised at...对...很惊讶； a surprised look惊讶的神色 to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是 [词汇例句] She looked surprised when I told her. 我告诉她时她显得很惊讶。 [词汇用法] · surprise即可用作名词，也可以用作动词。 I have a surprise for you! 我要告诉你一件你意想不到的事！ The story about the boy surprises us all. 有关这个男孩的故事使我们都很惊讶。 · surprised表示“感到惊讶的”；surprising表示“令人惊讶的”。这两个词即可修饰人，也可以修饰物，但含义不同。 He told us the news in a surprised voice. 他惊讶地告诉了我们这个消息。 His behavior was surprising. 他的行为令人惊讶。 [随学随练] 用surprise的适当形式填空。 (1) Sofia Reznikova, a 3-year-old visitor from Russia was one of the travelers. Technologies (技术) in everyday life in China  her. (2) Wow, a new Huawei phone. What a big  ! Thanks. (3) Then a  thing at a school camp changed everything. (4) However, we are to find that many kids don’t like doing exercise or playing sports now.  18. autumn/ˈɔːtəm/ n.秋天;秋季 [词汇拓展] fall(n.)秋天；spring春天；summer夏天；winter冬天；season季节 [词汇搭配] last autumn 去年秋天；in autumn在秋天；in early/late autumn 初/晚秋 [词汇例句] Leaves change colour in autumn. 树叶在秋天改变颜色 19. train /tremn/n.火车，列车；v训练，培训 [词汇拓展] training(n.)训练，培训；trainer(n.)培训员，教练员；trainee(n.)接受培训者 [词汇搭配] by train乘火车；take a train乘火车 [词汇例句] She trains horses. 她是驯马的。 20. beside /bɪˈsaɪd/ prep.在…旁边;在……附近 [词汇拓展] next to紧邻；在…近旁；near在...旁边 [词汇搭配] beside the house在房子旁边 [词汇辨析] beside / besides · beside用作介词，表示“在...旁边，在...附近”。 Sit here beside me. 坐到我旁边来。 · besides用作介词，表示“除...外，还...”。besides还可以作副词，主要用以提出另一理由或论据。 Besides working as a doctor, he also writes novels in his free time.除了当医生之外，他在业余时间还 写小说。 I don't really want to go. Besides, it's too late now.我并不真的想去。况且现在太晚了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 After Tom ________ asleep, his pet dog slept ________ the bed. A．falls; next to B．felt; besides C．fell; beside D．fell; besides 3、 重难句型解析 1. as引导时间状语从句 (教材原文)As we walked through the halls, the tour guide told us stories about the war. · 此句中as引导时间状语从句，表示“当...时”，强调主句与从句的动作几乎同时发生，可用when替换。 The students stopped talking as/when the teacher came in. 老师一进来，学生们就停止讲话了。 · as还可以表示“随着时间推移”，此时不能用when替换。 如：As time goes by he’s getting more and more forgetful. 随着时间的推移，他越来越健忘了。 2. so...that...引导结果状语从句 (教材原文)We were so happy that we didn't notice the time. (教材原文)The mountain scenery was so beautiful that it took my breath away! so...that...意为“如此...以至于...”，引导结果状语从句。so后常接形容词或副词。 如：He is so clever that he can work out all the problems. 他如此的聪明，能解出所有的难题。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) 景色太美了以至于我们没有注意到时间。 (2) 这个小女孩太害怕了以至于说不出话。 3. or并列句 (教材原文)Don't spend too much on holiday shopping, or you might easily go over budget. · 此句中or是一个练习，表示选择关系，意为“否则，要不然”。 如：Hurry up, or we’ll be late. 快点，要不然我们要迟到了。 · or也可以用于连接两个一般疑问句。 如：Will he stay or will he leave? 它是留下还是离开？ 4. what引导宾语从句 (教材原文)Then you can go back to your regular life, and be ready to see what comes next. (教材原文) I ran home and told my parents what l saw. what引导宾语从句时，在从句中充当主干成分，可以表示一个说的话，某个人做的事，某人看到的某物等等。 如：I can’t understand what he said just now. 我不能理解他刚说的话。 5. what引导感叹句 (教材原文)What a wonderful experience l had! · what引导感叹句，有以下结构： What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)! 如：What a poor girl (she is) !多么可怜的一个小女孩啊! What+(形容词)+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! 如：What beautiful flowers (they are)! (它们是)多漂亮的花! · how也可以引导感叹句，常用下列结构： How+(形容词/副词)+(主语+谓语)！ 如：How careless the boy was! 真孩子真粗心！ [随学随练] 用感叹句翻译下列句子。 (1) 真聪明的一个男生！ (2) 天气真糟糕！ (3) 景色真美啊！ 4、 其他重要知识点讲解 1. 不定式作定语 (教材原文)Today was our first day to visit Moscow. (教材原文)There are lots of ways to relax and have fun. · 名词前有形容词最高级、序数词等修饰时，常用不定式作定语。句中的first day to visit Moscow(参观莫斯科的第一天)to visit Moscow修饰first day。 如：He is always the first student to arrive at school. 他总是第一个到达学校的学生。 · 部分名词，如way,place,time等常用不定式作定语。句中的ways to relax and have fun(放松和娱乐的方式)to relax and have fun(两个不定式并列，后一个不定式的to常省略)修饰ways。 如：It’s a good way to help the poor children. 这是帮助那些可怜的孩子们的一个好办法。 This restaurant is a good place to try Indian food. 这家餐厅是尝试印度食物的一个好地方。 [随学随练] (1) 我认为水上公园(Water Park)是娱乐的一个好地方。 (2) 旅行是放松和学习的一个好方式。 2. 不定式表目的 (教材原文)The Russian people built this museum to remember their fight against the Nazis during the World War II. 此句中to remember their fight ...World War II是The Russian people built this museum的目的，作目的状语。表目的时，常用不定式作目的状语。 如：They got up early to catch the early train. 他们起得早，为了赶上早班的火车。 [随学随练] 我决定看电影来消磨时间。 为了减少污染(pollution)，我们应该走路上学代替乘车。 3. with复合结构 (教材原文)In one hall, I saw an artwork with thousands of glass "tears" falling down. with复合结构是由“with+复合宾语”构成，复合宾语的第一部分由名词或代词充当，第二部分由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词ing等构成。with的复合结构可以充当后置定语或状语成分。此句中with thousands of glass "tears" falling down是一个with复合结构充当后置定语修饰an artwork，复合宾语的第一部分是thousands of glass "tears"，第二部分是falling down。 如：The man with a yellow hat on is Tom’s English teacher. 带着黄色帽子的男士是汤姆的英语老师。 He often sleeps with the windows open. 他常开着窗睡觉。 4. feel like用法 (教材原文)But, during dinner, I didn't feel like eating because I felt sick. (教材原文)Sometimes I felt like I was walking inside a palace. feel like后也可以接doing，表示“想要做某事”。feel like也可以表示“感觉像”，后可以接名词或从句。常用It feels like...句型表达感觉，强调一种环境或情境给人的感觉。 如：It feels like a magical place. 感觉像是一个神奇的地方。 It feels like the weather is getting warmer. 天气感觉变得更暖和了。 5、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) We are excited to watch the raising of the national flag at Tian’anmen  (广场). (2) What are you going to do (在暑假期间)? (3) As we all know, the letter “V” is a symbol of (胜利). (4) To make our home greener, we must do our part to (与...作斗争) pollution. (5) Mary has learned a lot about the history of Harbin so that she can be a (导游). (6) In the Ice and Snow World, you can see (数以千计的) ice and snow artworks. (7) Its soft and warm music (也许) (使想起) you of the wind of spring  (8) The two communities(社区) live together in (和平). (9) Don’t  (忘记说) “thank you” when someone has helped you. (10) We raised enough money for the (生病的) people in the hospital. (11) They (到达火车站) before 6 p.m. But they didn’t catch the train. (12) Jim, don’t read  (在阳光下). It’s bad for your eyes. (13) Let’s find another time to  (聚会). (14) Making a  (预算) can help us have good spending habits. (15)  —Whose  (护照) is this? —Aunt Mary’s name is on it. It must be hers. (16) Balanced diets(均衡饮食) are just as important as  (有规律的锻炼) in our daily life. (17) Cycling (在乡下) can help you clear your mind and make you feel relaxed. (18) Cathy (转身) and looked at Tim in surprise. (19) On the top of the mountain stood (一座古老的塔). (20) He (寻找) his accordion everywhere, but didn’t (找到) it. (21) Sometimes I even  (感觉像)I have no room to breathe at all. (22) The view from the top of the mountain (使我们惊叹). It was so amazing. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) It was my first day at school. It was also Miss Caroline’s first day (be) a teacher. (2) People were excited (see) two travelers driving a foreign license (驾照) car on their street. (3) (train) his parrot well, he bought some books and watched some videos. (4) Put the milk in the fridge, or it will go bad (easy). (5) —Are you (surprise) at the result?  —Yes, we are. What a (surprise) result it is! We all don’t believe it. (6) Over the years, Mr. Wilson has turned many gardens into beautiful and (peace) spaces.  (7) Li Ming, how long do you spend your hobbies every week?        (8) I am so (forget) that I often leave my keys at home. (9) I believe new science technologies (技术) will change our life  different ways. (10) my last day in Beijing, I went shopping. I bought many gifts for my friends and children. (11) Looking ahead, Wang hopes (pass) on his skills to his students. (12) Laura (fight) back tears when Miss Grace entered the room. (13) First, my brother (forget) his passport, and we missed our plane to Dublin. (14) —I’m sorry. I left my homework at home. —Don’t forgot  (bring) it next time. (15) We should learn mistakes. (16) He is a good teacher with much (experience). He often tells us his interesting (experience). 3. 单项填空。 (1) More than _________ athletes(运动员) from around the world took part in the 2nd Summer Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. A．thousands of B．thousand of C．three thousands D．three thousand (2) —There is a box on the table. What’s in it? —I don’t know. It ________ be a gift from your aunt. A．can B．might C．must D．should (3) —Excuse me, where is the bookstore? —I’m afraid you just passed by it. ________ and you can see it. A．Look after B．Get together C．Turn around D．Put on (4) —Don’t forget ________ to my daughter’s dance show next Friday. —Sure. I’ll never forget ________ her dance for the first time last year. A．to come; to see B．coming; to see C．to come; seeing D．coming; seeing (5) The math problem isn’t difficult, and most of the students can work it out ________. A．hardly B．easily C．forgetfully D．regularly (6) __________ great success the animated film Ne Zha 2 is! A．How B．How a C．What a D．What (7) Don’t forget to take your ________ when you travel to a foreign country. A．palace B．station C．passport D．tower (8) —When is National Public Memorial Day (国家公祭日)? —________ December 13. And it can remind us ________ the hard days in the past. A．On; for B．In; of C．On; of D．In; for (9) My teacher was ________ when he heard the ________ news. A．surprising, surprising B．surprised, surprising C．surprising, surprised D．surprised, surprised (10) Our country has made great progress in the fight ________ blue skies and clear waters. A．in B．for C．against D．between 6、 技能提升综合练习 1. 听力选择 (1) Where did Lily visit during the summer holiday? A．B． C． (2) How did Jack take the trip to Malaysia? A． B． C． 听下面一段对话，完成下面小题。 (3) When did the boy come back from a holiday? A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Sunday. (4) Where was the hotel? A．In a city center. B．On the beach. C．In the mountains. (5) What sport did the boy enjoy during the holiday? A．Swimming. B．Playing tennis. C．Playing soccer. (6) How many people went on holiday? A．3. B．4. C．5. (7) What do they think of the hotel? A．Comfortable but noisy. B．Comfortable, quiet but expensive. C．Comfortable, quiet and inexpensive. 听下面一段对话，完成下面小题。 (8) What does the woman do on the Sunshine Beach? A．She is on vacation. B．She is on business. C．She is on duty. (9) What’s the weather like there? A．Sunny. B．Cloudy. C．Cold and Rainy. (10) What does the woman think of the hotel? A．New and nice. B．Expensive and quiet. C．Old and noisy. (11) How does the woman feel? A．Terrible. B．Nervous. C．Happy. 2. 听力填空 Mary’s Holiday When & Where Last year she was on holiday with her 12 in China. Activities * They stayed in a comfortable but a little 13 hotel. * They visited many 14 places and ate delicious food. * They met many friendly locals. * It took them 12 hours to 15 back to London. Feelings * Mary felt 16 when seeing a lot of things in China. * China is a big country with a long history. * She wants to learn 17 and visit China again next year. 3. 补全对话 A: Hi, Tara. How did you spend your vacation? B: Hi, Paul. 1 A: Really? Where did you go? B: 2 A: Sounds wonderful! Did you like it? B: Yes, it was enjoyable. 3 A: You can give me a lot of help when I go there. B: No problem. 4 A: I just stayed at home. But I thought it was very interesting. B: Why? A: 5 And my parents said it was very delicious. B: Oh, what a meaningful vacation! A．We went to Hong Kong. B．Because I learned to cook food for my family. C．I took a trip with my family. D．What did you do on vacation? E．And I liked Disneyland best. 4. 语篇填空 Some students are talking about their vacation last month. Everyone had a great time. Mary went to Guizhou with her family. They 1 (see) Huangguoshu Waterfall. It was 2 (wonder) and they took quite a few 3 (photo). Ben didn’t do 4 special. Most of the time he just stayed at home to read and relax. Alice went to Sanya with her sister 5 they did something fun there. It was her 6 (one) time there, so everything was really interesting. She bought some gifts for her parents and 7 (her). Tim went to his uncle’s farm in the countryside with his family. They 8 (feed) some hens and after dinner they walked around the farm. It was 9 (enjoy), so he didn’t feel bored. It seems that every student had a 10 (better) summer vacation. 5. 完形填空 Here was my trip to Western China. Last summer, my family and I 1 Western China. We went to Xinjiang, a beautiful place with mountains, deserts, and lakes. Our trip 2 from Tianchi Lake. The water was 3 and blue, and the mountains around it were covered with snow. We took many 4 and had a picnic by the lake. The next day, we went to the Flaming Mountains. The 5 was very hot. Our guide told us stories about the Monkey King from the famous Chinese book, Journey to the West. We also 6 camels in the desert. It was my first time riding a camel, and it was really fun. Before we left, we tried many famous 7 in Xinjiang. Everything was 8 ! I really liked those dishes! This trip was 9 . I learned a lot about the culture and nature of Western China. And we all 10 ! I hope to visit Xinjiang again someday! 1．A．visited B．left C．agreed D．saved 2．A．improved B．started C．threw D．taught 3．A．dirty B．primary C．social D．clean 4．A．silk B．pictures C．bridges D．forms 5．A．flat B．instrument C．weather D．bell 6．A．rode B．bought C．happened D．drew 7．A．surveys B．stones C．towers D．dishes 8．A．delicious B．main C．terrible D．possible 9．A．lonely B．amazing C．sudden D．sad 10．A．walked across B．cared about C．had fun D．worked hard 6. 阅读理解 A Many people like to travel when they have time off from school or work. They might go to their hometown to see their family, or travel somewhere far. But not everyone does this. More and more people are choosing to take a “staycation”. A staycation is a new word for a period of time when people stay at home on vacation or take day trips from their home to local (当地的) places of interest. Some people might travel around their city, visiting local parks and museums. Others might try countryside trips and take part in local festivals. People like me love to just stay at home. I had a staycation of my own over the summer. I slept late every day. I worked on music and played video games. I wasn’t too lonely. I had my cat to play with, and I got together with some of my friends around the city. Traveling is fun, but it’s also nice to just stay at home and relax. It’s cheaper as well, since I don’t have to pay for travel. And you can choose to do whatever you like or, if you want, just do nothing. There’s nothing wrong with that. 1．Which of the following things might people do during a staycation? A．Relax themselves at home. B．Go to their hometown. C．Work hard at their studies. D．Travel somewhere far. 2．What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Traveling around. B．Doing nothing. C．Playing video games. D．Visiting some friends. 3．How did the writer feel during his staycation? A．Busy. B．Tired. C．Lonely. D．Relaxed. 4．Which of the following would the writer agree with? A．Traveling around the city for vacation is boring. B．Visiting local parks is more fun than traveling far. C．It’s a good idea to take a staycation on vacation. D．Traveling is cheaper than playing video games. B Our family went to the Yellow Stone National Park last summer vacation. Our son, Tom, wanted to see bears there. And what a breathtaking experience it was! When we got there, we put up our tent and went to explore. As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out. And then we saw a bear go into our tent. Tom wanted his father to chase (追赶) it away. His father said, “No. It’s dangerous to chase a bear. And don’t let it chase you.” Susie said, “What shall we do? Maybe we should climb up a tree.” Tom said, “No. We have to get it out of there. It might go to sleep in our tent.” “Maybe we could make it leave if we put some honey outside for it to eat,” Susie suggested Then I said, “How are you going to get the honey? It’s in the tent.” We watched the bear go into the tent and heard it upset (翻倒; 弄翻) everything inside. “It’s foolish (愚蠢的) of us to try to chase it away,” said my husband. “Leave it alone and wait for it to come out.” We waited, but the bear stayed inside. We had to sleep in the car that night. 1．Where did the family go on vacation last summer? A．They went to the Central Park. B．They went to Yellow Stone National Park. C．They went to a zoo. D．They just stayed at home. 2．Who do you think saw the bear first? A．Susie. B．Tom. C．The writer. D．The writer’s husband. 3．What did they do when they saw a bear go into their tent? A．They chased the bear away. B．They stayed outside the tent and did nothing. C．They climbed up a tree. D．They put some honey outside for the bear to eat. 4．What did the bear do in the tent? A．It ate the honey. B．It chased the people away. C．It drank the beer. D．It turned things upside down. 7. 任务型阅读 A 阅读下面的语篇材料，根据所读内容，完成下列各题。 Dear John, Thank you very much for your letter. I am glad that you enjoyed your holiday with me. We had a great time together. We hope that you will be able to come again next year. A week is not really long enough, is it? If your school has a long holiday next year, perhaps you’ll be able to stay with us for more weeks. We have been back to school for three weeks now. I hope that you are working very hard now because you are in Grade Eight. I am working hard although when I am in Grade Seven. Yesterday I went for a picnic with Tom. We went to an island and enjoyed ourselves there. Do you still remember the island? We spent the last day of our holiday there. Dave didn’t go with us because he cut his foot and he couldn’t walk very well. We send our best wishes to you. We hope to see you soon. Yours, Michael 1．Who wrote the letter to whom? The letter was written by to . 2．How long did John stay there? John stayed there . 3．What grade is John in? John is in now. 4．Where did Michael enjoy a picnic yesterday? Michael went to for a picnic yesterday. 5．Why didn’t Dave have a picnic with Michael? Because Dave . B Many young people all over the world love to travel and see the world. Have you heard of backpackers? They are normally young people who travel cheaply with just one rucksack (背包) and comfortable walking boots. Some people prefer adventure tours. Brave people may try bungee jumping from the bridge overlooking the Victoria Falls in Africa with only a rope around their legs. Some enjoy the challenge of rock climbing in the Alps in Switzerland. Others may go skiing in the Rocky Mountains in the USA． Have you ever heard of ecotourism (生态旅游)? Ecotourists come close to nature but are very careful not to damage (损害) the natural beauty or living things in the area. How can this be possible? Let’s read an interview with some people. They have just enjoyed a “swimming with dolphins” tour. Interviewer: What was the most exciting part of your holiday? Sharon: I felt excited when I heard the sound of wild dolphins coming close to me in the water and then swimming directly under me. I will never forget the experience. Xavier: There were two dolphins below us swimming downwards. One stopped and looked back at me as if to say “What are those strange beings?” Fantastic! Interviewer: Did you feel that your holiday helped local people to keep their beautiful environment? Jane: Now the hotel and the whale and dolphin watching companies employ (雇用) local people. They used to hunt those whales and dolphins, but now they can make money from tourism and don't have to kill them. Not many boats are used at the same time, so these animals aren’t bothered (打扰). The boat companies also work to educate the local schools about the importance of protecting these wonderful animals. Helen: I am glad they are not killing the whales and dolphins any more, but the cars and boats use fuel (燃料). This could cause pollution and make the sea less clean. 1．How do backpackers travel? 2．What do ecotourists do according to the passage? 3．How did Sharon feel when she heard the sound of wild dolphins coming close to her? 4．Who has stopped killing the whales and dolphins according to the passage? 5．What do you think of the “swimming with dolphins” tour? Why? (请自拟一句话作答) 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Happy Holiday核心知识点精讲精练 3 (Section B) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section B部分包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、重难句型等核心知识点。 · Section B部分包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空等)与技能提升综合练习(听力、阅读理解、完形填空，语篇填空等)。 · Section B部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. learn from 从...学习 2. feel excited 感到兴奋 3. *fight against sb./sth. 与...作战；与...作斗争 4. World War ll 第二次世界大战 5. walk through 走过 6. *thousands of 数以千计的；成千上万的 7. fall down 落下 8. remind sb. that.. 使某人想起.……;提醒某人 9. at a restaurant 在餐厅 10. feel like doing sth. 想要做某事 11. feel sick 感觉不舒服 12. get a good night's sleep 睡个好觉 13. travel around 四处游览 14. metro station 地铁站 15. feel like 感觉像 16. arrive at 到达 17. a group of 一群 18. take out 拿出 19. *get together 相聚；聚会 20. sing and dance 唱歌跳舞 21. notice the time 注意时间 22. learn about 了解 23. summer/winter holiday 暑假/寒假 24. *in the sun 在阳光下 25. tour guide 导游 26. spend..on... 在..上花费.. 27. too much 太多 28. go over budget 超出预算 29. at peace 安静，宁静 30. the mountain scenery 山景 31. take one’s breath away 令人惊叹 32. a little forgetful 有点儿健忘 33. in different ways 以不同的方式 34. stay comfortable at home 舒适的待在家里 35. not feeling well 感觉不适 36. nothing but 只有，只是 37. have a meal 吃一顿饭 38. play sport 运动 39. have fun 娱乐，玩得开心 40. rest one’s mind and body 放松某人的头脑和身体 41. go back to 回到 42. take a train 乘火车 43. in the countryside 在乡下 44. for example 例如 45. on the last day 在最后一天 46. make a noise 发出响声 47. *turn around 转身；翻转 48. run home 跑回家 49. *look for 寻找 50. hope to do 希望做某事 2、 重点词汇解析(单词前标*为初中新学词汇) 1. *square /skweə(r)/ n. 广场；正方形 adj. 正方形的；平方的 [词汇搭配] Red Square红场；a square room正方形的房间；36 square metres36平方米 [词汇例句] It’s raining. We can’t go skating on the square.下雨了。我们不能在广场上滑冰。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —Every year many people come to visit Nantong Museum. Do you know ________ Nantong Museum is? —It’s about 70,000 square metres in size. A．how tall B．how old C．how large D．how far 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——每年都有许多人来参观南通博物馆。你知道南通博物馆有多大吗？——它的面积约为70000平方米。 考查特殊疑问句。how tall多高；how old几岁；how large多大；how far多远。根据答语“It’s about 70,000 square metres in size.”可知此处询问的是面积的大小，疑问词应用how large。故选C。 2. *during /ˈdjʊərɪŋ/ prep. 在……期间 [词汇搭配] during the trip在旅行期间；during the night在夜间 [词汇例句] I use the Internet at work, during my lunch hour.我上班时在午餐时间使用互联网。 [词汇辨析] during / in / for / through · during指“在...期间”或“在...期间的某个时候”。 Are you going to return to your hometown during the summer holiday? 暑假期间你打算回你的家乡 吗？ · in表示“在...期间”，一般可与during互换使用，用in时往往强调某一动作发生在某一时间段中的某一时间点。 “in+时间段”还可以表示一段时间以后。 I'm getting forgetful in my old age. 我上了年纪，变得健忘了。 They’re leaving for Beijing in three days. 他们三天后离开去北京。 · for表示“持续多长时间”，可以用来回答how long的提问。 —Jack, How long can I keep your bike? 杰克，我能借你的自行车多久？ —For three weeks. 三个礼拜。 · through表示“自始至终，从头到尾”。 He will not live through the night.他活不过今天夜里了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) People use the Kongming Lantern ________ important days and _______ festivals. A．in; during B．on; during C．on; over D．during; at 【答案】B 【详解】句意:人们在重要的日子和节日里使用孔明灯。 考查介词。in用于年、月、季节等泛指的时间前;on用于具体的某一天前;during在.….期间;over越过;at用于具体的钟点前;结合"important days”可知，第一空应用介词on修饰，表示"在.…的日子里”，排除A/D选项;结合“festivals”可知，第二空指的是"在节日期间”，应用介词during，故选B。 (2) Father brought his little boy to a concert(音乐会). But his too young to sit _______ the whole concert. A．for B．with C．during D．through 【答案】D 【详解】句意：父亲带着他的小儿子去听音乐会，但他太小了，不能一直挺到整场音乐会结束。for 为了；with和；during在……期间；through穿过；sit  through the whole concert一直听到结束，耐着性子看完（或听完）；故选D。 3. *victory /ˈvɪktəri/ n. 胜利；成功 [词汇拓展] (pl.) victories ；victor (n.)胜利者；victorious(adj.)胜利的；获胜的 [词汇搭配] the Victory Museum 胜利博物馆；win a victory获得胜利 victory over/against sb./sth.对某人/某事的胜利 [词汇例句] They hugged each other to celebrate the victory. 他们相互拥抱庆祝胜利。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 It was not easy for us to win a victory ________ our enemies in that situation. A．over B．in C．on D．for 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在那种情况下，我们要战胜敌人是不容易的。 考查介词词义辨析。over在……之上；in在……里；on在……上；for为了。根据空前的“win a victory”可知，此处表示的是战胜敌人，win a victory over sb.意为“战胜某人”。故选A。 4. *fight /faɪt/ n. 战斗；搏斗；斗争；v. 打仗；打架；争吵；努力争取，为…而斗争 [词汇拓展] <过去式>fought /fɔːt/；fighting [词汇搭配] fight against sb / sth 与……作战；与……作斗争；fight for为...而努力争取 fight with sb.与某人争吵；与某人打架；fight back 奋力还击；抑制住 get into a fight with...与...争吵；与...打架 [词汇例句] He got into a fight with a man in the bar.他在酒吧里和一个男人斗殴。 Fighting for your dream is like climbing a mountain.  为梦想奋斗就像爬山。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) —Hey, Jim, what’s wrong? —I had a fight ________ my best friend. We haven’t talked to each other for a few weeks. A．with B．for C．between D．about 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——嘿，吉姆，发生什么事了？——我和我最好的朋友打了一架。我们已经好几周不和彼此说话了。 考查介词的用法。和......打架have a fight with...，故选A。 (2) Like Ne Zha, we should fight ________ all the difficulties to realize our dreams. A．against B．without C．beyond D．across 【答案】A 【详解】句意：像哪吒一样，我们应该对抗一切困难来实现梦想。 考查介词辨析和动词短语。against对抗；without没有；beyond超越；across穿过。根据“all the difficulties”可知此处是固定短语fight against“与……斗争”，强调克服困难，故选A。 5. *against /əˈgenst/ prep. 反对，与…相反，违反；与…竞争，与...对阵；紧靠；对...不利；以…为背景，衬托；迎着，逆着 [词汇搭配] fight against与...斗争；against the rule违反规则；against the door靠着门 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中against的中文意思。 (1) My head pointed down against the wind when I noticed an old lady.  迎着，逆着 (2) Students mustn’t use mobile phones during exams. It’s against the rules. 违反 (3) Both of them were against my plan. 反对 (4) Class Four won the football match against Class Ten. 与…竞争，与...对阵 (5) Put the piano there, against the wall. 紧靠 (6) His red clothes stood out clearly against the snow. 以…为背景，衬托 (7) Her age is against her. Other women are all under 35. 对...不利 6. *guide /ɡaɪd/ n. 导游；指南，手册；v. 给某人领路；指导；搀扶（某人朝…方向）走；（朝…方向）移动（某物） [词汇搭配] a travel guide 旅行指南；a tour guide 导游；guide sb. to 给某人领路 [词汇例句] She guided us through the busy streets to the cathedral. 她带领我们穿过繁忙的街道去大 教堂。 He guided her hand to his face. 他拉起她的手放到他脸上。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 The wildlife park is very large. Follow your ________, or you’ll get lost easily. A．waiter B．doctor C．guide D．farmer 【答案】C 【详解】句意：野生公园很大。跟着你的导游，否则你容易迷路。A. waiter服务员；B. doctor医生；C. guide导游；D. farmer农民。旅游时，导游对景点比较熟悉，不容易走丢。故选Ｃ。 7. *remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/ v. 提醒；使想起 [词汇拓展] reminder(n.)提醒；提醒人的事物 [词汇搭配] remind sb. of/about...使某人想起；提醒某人...；remind sb. to do...提醒某人做... [词汇例句] The photos reminded me of the old days on the farm这些照片让我想起了农场的旧时光。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Dale, please remind me ________ the windows after school. I’m so forgetful now. A．to closing B．closing C．close D．to close 【答案】D 【详解】句意：戴尔，放学后请提醒我关窗户。我现在很健忘。 考查非谓语动词。根据“please remind me”可知，考查remind sb to do sth“提醒某人做某事”，因此设空处填不定式。故选D。 8. *peace /piːs/ n. 和平，太平；安静，宁静；和睦，融洽 [词汇拓展] peaceful(adj.)和平的；安静的 [词汇搭配] war and peace战争与和平；at peace 安静，宁静；live in peace with与...和睦相处 [词汇例句] He never felt really at peace with himself. 他从未真正感到心里平静过。 9. *easily /ˈiːzɪli/ adv. 容易地，轻易地 [词汇拓展] easy (adj.)容易的，轻松的；安心的 [词汇搭配] come easily轻易到来 [词汇例句] I can easily finish it tonight.我今晚能毫不费力地把它完成。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) The library is not far from here, and you can find it __________ on Fifth Street. A．freely B．easily C．differently D．luckily 【答案】B 【详解】句意：图书馆离这儿不远，你在第五街很容易找到。 考查副词辨析。freely自由地；easily容易地；differently不同地；luckily幸运地；根据“The library is not far from here”及“find”可知，此处指的是“很容易找到”，故选B。 (2) —How much do you know about ants, Suzy? —Ants can smell things _______, so I think it _______for them to find food. A．good; easy B．well; easy C．good; easily D．well; easily 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——苏西，你对蚂蚁了解多少？——蚂蚁嗅觉很好，所以我认为它们找食物很容易。 考查副词和形容词辨析。good好，形容词；easy容易的，形容词；well好，副词；easily容易地，副词。第一个空，根据“smell things”可知此处的smell为实义动词，因此用副词well来修饰；第二个空，根据“so I think it...for them to find food.”可知，这里考查“主语+谓语+it+adj.+for sb. to do sth.” 的结构，“it”是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的“to do sth.”，此结构中需要用形容词作宾语补足语。easy“容易的”，形容词，符合语境。故选B。 10. *forget /fə'get/ v. 忘记；遗忘 *forgetful /fə'getfl/ adj. 健忘的；好忘事的 [词汇拓展] <过去式>forgot /fə'gɒt/；forgetfully (adv.)健忘地；unforgettable(adj.)难忘的 [词汇搭配] forget about...忘记...；forget it没关系；别提了；休想，不可能 forget to do忘记去做某事(事情还没做)；forget doing忘记做过某事(事情已做) [词汇例句] She never forgets her daddy's birthday.她从来不会忘记老爸的生日。 [词汇辨析] forget / leave · forget sth.表示“忘记某物，忘记带某物”。 I forgot my homework. 我忘了带作业。 · 表示“把..落在某地”，要用leave sth.+地点。 I left my homework at home. 我把作业落在家里了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) I ________ to bring my English book to school. I ________ it at home. A．left; forgot B．forget; forgot C．left; left D．forgot; left 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我忘记把英语书带到学校来了。我把它忘在家里了。 考查动词辨析和动词时态。forget忘记，强调动作；leave强调“将某物留在某处”。第一个空指的是“忘记做某事”，应使用forget to do结构，因事情已发生，需用过去式forgot；第二个空指的是“把书忘在家里了”，表示“将某物留在某地”时，需用“leave+物+地点”，此处动作发生在过去，填过去式left。故选D。 (2) I usually forget ________ the door. But I remembered________ it when I left home yesterday. A．to close, to close B．closing, closing C．closing, to close D．to close, closing 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我通常忘记关门，但我记得昨天离开家时关上了。 考查非谓语动词用法。forget to do sth.表示“忘记去做某事”；remember doing sth.表示“记得做过某事”，前半句表示通常忘记去做某事，后半句表示记得做过某事。故选D。 11. *noon /nu:n/ n. 正午；中午 [词汇拓展] afternoon (adj.)下午；midday(n.)中午；正午 [词汇搭配] at noon在正午；morning, noon and night 从早到晚；一天到晚 [词汇例句] She talks about him morning, noon and night. 她整天把他挂在嘴边。 We should be there by noon. 我们应该最晚中午到达。 12. *sick /sɪk/ adj. 生病的；恶心的，想呕吐的；厌恶的； [词汇拓展] sickness (n.)疾病；ill(adj.)生病的；坏的，不良的；不吉利的，不祥的 patient (n.) 病人；(adj.) 耐心的 homesick(adj.)思乡的，想家的；seasick(adj.)晕船的；carsick(adj.)晕车的 [词汇搭配] feel sick感到不舒服；感到恶心；a sick child生病的孩子；be sick of对...厌倦的 make sb. sick使厌恶；使反感；be sick 呕吐 [词汇例句] Her mother's very sick. 她母亲病得很厉害。 She got up and was sick in the handbasin.她起身在洗手池里吐了起来。 [词汇辨析] sick / ill · 二者都可以表示“生病的”，意义接近，sick既可以用于系动词后，也可以用于名词前；ill 通常不用在名词前，而用在动词词组中，如 fall ill (病倒)，be taken ill (生病)等。 He fell ill shortly before Christmas. 临近圣诞节时他病倒了。 · ill也可以用作定语，放在名词前，此时表示“坏的；不吉利的”。 It caused some ill results. 它产生了一些不好的后果。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 “Take this medicine and it will make you ________ better soon,” the nurse says to the ________ boy. A．feel; sick B．to feel; sick C．feeling; ill D．feel; ill 【答案】A 【详解】句意：“吃了这药，它会让你很快感觉好一些。” 护士对生病的男孩说。 考查动词短语和形容词辨析。“make sb. do sth.”是固定用法，表示“让某人做某事”，所以第一空用动词原形feel；sick和ill都有“生病的”意思，ill只能作表语，sick既可以作表语，也可以作定语，这里需要一个定语修饰boy，所以用sick。故选A。 13. *station /'steɪʃn/ n. 火车站；公共汽车站；所，局；电台，电视台 [词汇拓展] stop(n.)公交站牌 [词汇搭配] metro station 地铁站；bus station汽车站；train station火车站；radio station电台 a police station警察局；a petrol/gas station加油站；fire station 消防站 [词汇例句] We arrived at the train station on time. 我们准时到达了火车站。 14. *might /maɪt/ modal v. 可能；可以 [词汇拓展] may (modal v.) 也许，可能 [词汇用法] · （may的过去时，用于间接引语）可能，可以 Amy told us that she might come next Wednesday. 艾米告诉我们她可能下周三来。 · （表示可能性）可能 David might arrive there before 5 p.m. 大卫可能下午5点前赶到那里。 · （用于有礼貌地提出建议）可以 You might call him first. 你可以先给他打个电话。 · （用于有礼貌地提出请求）可以 Might I park my car here? 你能把车停在这里吗？ [词汇例句] [随学随练] 单项填空。 —Where do you want to go on vacation? —I’m not sure. I ________ go to Huangguoshu Waterfall. A．should B．might C．must D．can 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你想去哪里度假？——我不确定。我可能去黄果树瀑布。 考查情态动词。should应该；might可能；must必须；can可能。根据“I’m not sure”可知，不太确定，所以可能是去黄果树瀑布，故选B。 15. *budget /'bʌdʒɪt/ n. 预算；v. 把……编入预算；精打细算 [词汇搭配] go over budget 超出预算；a family budget家庭预算 on a tight budget预算紧张；俭省地；budget for...把...编入预算 [词汇例句] It’s important for us to have a budget.对我们来说，有一个预算是很重要的。 Mum budgeted for two new chairs.妈妈把两名新椅子编入了预算。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 To manage(管理) our money well, we should make a _______ first. A．camp B．budget C．scarf D．victory 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了管理好我们的钱，我们首先要制定预算。 考查名词辨析。camp营地；budget预算；scarf围巾；victory胜利。根据“To manage our money well”可知为了管理好钱财，应该先制定预算。故选B。 16. *regular /'redʒələ(r)/ adj. 平常的；有规律的；频繁的，经常的 [词汇拓展] regularly (adv.) 有规律地，定期地；经常 [词汇搭配] regular life 平常的生活；正常生活；take regular exercise规律锻炼 regular breathing均匀的呼吸 [词汇例句] I couldn't see my regular doctor today. 我今天找不到平常给我看病的医生。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 It’s important to have a ________ sleep schedule for good health. A．boring B．regular C．faraway D．silly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：有规律的睡眠时间表对身体健康很重要。 考查形容词和副词。boring令人厌烦的；regular规律的；faraway遥远的；silly愚蠢的。此处表示为了健康要有规律的睡眠时间表，用 regular，故选B。 17. *surprised /sə'praɪzd/ adj. 惊奇的；惊讶的 [词汇拓展] surprise (n.)惊奇，惊讶；(v.)使惊奇，使感到意外；surprising(adj.)令人惊讶的 [词汇搭配] be surprised to do做某事很惊讶；be surprised at...对...很惊讶； a surprised look惊讶的神色 to one’s surprise令某人惊讶的是 [词汇例句] She looked surprised when I told her. 我告诉她时她显得很惊讶。 [词汇用法] · surprise即可用作名词，也可以用作动词。 I have a surprise for you! 我要告诉你一件你意想不到的事！ The story about the boy surprises us all. 有关这个男孩的故事使我们都很惊讶。 · surprised表示“感到惊讶的”；surprising表示“令人惊讶的”。这两个词即可修饰人，也可以修饰物，但含义不同。 He told us the news in a surprised voice. 他惊讶地告诉了我们这个消息。 His behavior was surprising. 他的行为令人惊讶。 [随学随练] 用surprise的适当形式填空。 (1) Sofia Reznikova, a 3-year-old visitor from Russia was one of the travelers. Technologies (技术) in everyday life in China surprised her. (2) Wow, a new Huawei phone. What a big surprise! Thanks. (3) Then a surprising thing at a school camp changed everything. (4) However, we are surprised to find that many kids don’t like doing exercise or playing sports now.  18. autumn/ˈɔːtəm/ n.秋天;秋季 [词汇拓展] fall(n.)秋天；spring春天；summer夏天；winter冬天；season季节 [词汇搭配] last autumn 去年秋天；in autumn在秋天；in early/late autumn 初/晚秋 [词汇例句] Leaves change colour in autumn. 树叶在秋天改变颜色 19. train /tremn/n.火车，列车；v训练，培训 [词汇拓展] training(n.)训练，培训；trainer(n.)培训员，教练员；trainee(n.)接受培训者 [词汇搭配] by train乘火车；take a train乘火车 [词汇例句] She trains horses. 她是驯马的。 20. beside /bɪˈsaɪd/ prep.在…旁边;在……附近 [词汇拓展] next to紧邻；在…近旁；near在...旁边 [词汇搭配] beside the house在房子旁边 [词汇辨析] beside / besides · beside用作介词，表示“在...旁边，在...附近”。 Sit here beside me. 坐到我旁边来。 · besides用作介词，表示“除...外，还...”。besides还可以作副词，主要用以提出另一理由或论据。 Besides working as a doctor, he also writes novels in his free time.除了当医生之外，他在业余时间还 写小说。 I don't really want to go. Besides, it's too late now.我并不真的想去。况且现在太晚了。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 After Tom ________ asleep, his pet dog slept ________ the bed. A．falls; next to B．felt; besides C．fell; beside D．fell; besides 【答案】C 【详解】句意：汤姆睡着后，他的宠物狗睡在床的旁边。 考查动词和介词的用法。首先分析第一个空，“fall asleep”是固定短语，意为“入睡；睡着”，且根据语境可知该句时态为一般过去时，所以这里要用“fall”的过去式“fell”；第二个空，“beside”表示“在……旁边（外部）”，这里表达的是宠物狗睡在床的旁边，应该用“beside”。故选C。 3、 重难句型解析 1. as引导时间状语从句 (教材原文)As we walked through the halls, the tour guide told us stories about the war. · 此句中as引导时间状语从句，表示“当...时”，强调主句与从句的动作几乎同时发生，可用when替换。 The students stopped talking as/when the teacher came in. 老师一进来，学生们就停止讲话了。 · as还可以表示“随着时间推移”，此时不能用when替换。 如：As time goes by he’s getting more and more forgetful. 随着时间的推移，他越来越健忘了。 2. so...that...引导结果状语从句 (教材原文)We were so happy that we didn't notice the time. (教材原文)The mountain scenery was so beautiful that it took my breath away! so...that...意为“如此...以至于...”，引导结果状语从句。so后常接形容词或副词。 如：He is so clever that he can work out all the problems. 他如此的聪明，能解出所有的难题。 [随学随练] 翻译句子。 (1) 景色太美了以至于我们没有注意到时间。 The scenery was so amazing that we didn't notice the time. (2) 这个小女孩太害怕了以至于说不出话。 The girl was so scared that he couldn’t say a word. 3. or并列句 (教材原文)Don't spend too much on holiday shopping, or you might easily go over budget. · 此句中or是一个练习，表示选择关系，意为“否则，要不然”。 如：Hurry up, or we’ll be late. 快点，要不然我们要迟到了。 · or也可以用于连接两个一般疑问句。 如：Will he stay or will he leave? 它是留下还是离开？ 4. what引导宾语从句 (教材原文)Then you can go back to your regular life, and be ready to see what comes next. (教材原文) I ran home and told my parents what l saw. what引导宾语从句时，在从句中充当主干成分，可以表示一个说的话，某个人做的事，某人看到的某物等等。 如：I can’t understand what he said just now. 我不能理解他刚说的话。 5. what引导感叹句 (教材原文)What a wonderful experience l had! · what引导感叹句，有以下结构： What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)! 如：What a poor girl (she is) !多么可怜的一个小女孩啊! What+(形容词)+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! 如：What beautiful flowers (they are)! (它们是)多漂亮的花! · how也可以引导感叹句，常用下列结构： How+(形容词/副词)+(主语+谓语)！ 如：How careless the boy was! 真孩子真粗心！ [随学随练] 用感叹句翻译下列句子。 (1) 真聪明的一个男生！ What a clever boy (he is)! How clever the boy is ! (2) 天气真糟糕！ What terrible weather (it is)! How terrible the weather is! (3) 景色真美啊！ What beautiful scenery (it is)！ How beautiful the scenery is ! 4、 其他重要知识点讲解 1. 不定式作定语 (教材原文)Today was our first day to visit Moscow. (教材原文)There are lots of ways to relax and have fun. · 名词前有形容词最高级、序数词等修饰时，常用不定式作定语。句中的first day to visit Moscow(参观莫斯科的第一天)to visit Moscow修饰first day。 如：He is always the first student to arrive at school. 他总是第一个到达学校的学生。 · 部分名词，如way,place,time等常用不定式作定语。句中的ways to relax and have fun(放松和娱乐的方式)to relax and have fun(两个不定式并列，后一个不定式的to常省略)修饰ways。 如：It’s a good way to help the poor children. 这是帮助那些可怜的孩子们的一个好办法。 This restaurant is a good place to try Indian food. 这家餐厅是尝试印度食物的一个好地方。 [随学随练] (1) 我认为水上公园(Water Park)是娱乐的一个好地方。 I think the Water Park is a good place to have fun. (2) 旅行是放松和学习的一个好方式。 Travelling is a good way to relax and learn. 2. 不定式表目的 (教材原文)The Russian people built this museum to remember their fight against the Nazis during the World War II. 此句中to remember their fight ...World War II是The Russian people built this museum的目的，作目的状语。表目的时，常用不定式作目的状语。 如：They got up early to catch the early train. 他们起得早，为了赶上早班的火车。 [随学随练] 我决定看电影来消磨时间。 I decide to watch a film to kill time. 为了减少污染(pollution)，我们应该走路上学代替乘车。 To cut down pollution, we should walk to school instead of taking a bus. 3. with复合结构 (教材原文)In one hall, I saw an artwork with thousands of glass "tears" falling down. with复合结构是由“with+复合宾语”构成，复合宾语的第一部分由名词或代词充当，第二部分由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词ing等构成。with的复合结构可以充当后置定语或状语成分。此句中with thousands of glass "tears" falling down是一个with复合结构充当后置定语修饰an artwork，复合宾语的第一部分是thousands of glass "tears"，第二部分是falling down。 如：The man with a yellow hat on is Tom’s English teacher. 带着黄色帽子的男士是汤姆的英语老师。 He often sleeps with the windows open. 他常开着窗睡觉。 4. feel like用法 (教材原文)But, during dinner, I didn't feel like eating because I felt sick. (教材原文)Sometimes I felt like I was walking inside a palace. feel like后也可以接doing，表示“想要做某事”。feel like也可以表示“感觉像”，后可以接名词或从句。常用It feels like...句型表达感觉，强调一种环境或情境给人的感觉。 如：It feels like a magical place. 感觉像是一个神奇的地方。 It feels like the weather is getting warmer. 天气感觉变得更暖和了。 5、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) We are excited to watch the raising of the national flag at Tian’anmen Square(广场). (2) What are you going to do during the summer vacation(在暑假期间)? (3) As we all know, the letter “V” is a symbol of victory(胜利). (4) To make our home greener, we must do our part to fight against(与...作斗争) pollution. (5) Mary has learned a lot about the history of Harbin so that she can be a tour guide(导游). (6) In the Ice and Snow World, you can see thousands of(数以千计的) ice and snow artworks. (7) Its soft and warm music might(也许) remind(使想起) you of the wind of spring  (8) The two communities(社区) live together in peace (和平). (9) Don’t forget to say(忘记说) “thank you” when someone has helped you. (10) We raised enough money for the sick(生病的) people in the hospital. (11) They arrived at the train station(到达火车站) before 6 p.m. But they didn’t catch the train. (12) Jim, don’t read in the sun(在阳光下). It’s bad for your eyes. (13) Let’s find another time to get together(聚会). (14) Making a budget(预算) can help us have good spending habits. (15)  —Whose passport(护照) is this? —Aunt Mary’s name is on it. It must be hers. (16) Balanced diets(均衡饮食) are just as important as regular exercise(有规律的锻炼) in our daily life. (17) Cycling in the countryside(在乡下) can help you clear your mind and make you feel relaxed. (18) Cathy turned around(转身) and looked at Tim in surprise. (19) On the top of the mountain stood an ancient tower(一座古老的塔). (20) He looked for(寻找) his accordion everywhere, but didn’t find(找到) it. (21) Sometimes I even feel like(感觉像)I have no room to breathe at all. (22) The view from the top of the mountain took our breath away(使我们惊叹). It was so amazing. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) It was my first day at school. It was also Miss Caroline’s first day to be(be) a teacher. (2) People were excited to see(see) two travelers driving a foreign license (驾照) car on their street. (3) To train(train) his parrot well, he bought some books and watched some videos. (4) Put the milk in the fridge, or it will go bad easily(easy). (5) —Are you surprised (surprise) at the result?  —Yes, we are. What a surprising (surprise) result it is! We all don’t believe it. (6) Over the years, Mr. Wilson has turned many gardens into beautiful and peaceful(peace) spaces.  (7) Li Ming, how long do you spend on your hobbies every week?        (8) I am so forgetful (forget) that I often leave my keys at home. (9) I believe new science technologies (技术) will change our life in different ways. (10) On my last day in Beijing, I went shopping. I bought many gifts for my friends and children. (11) Looking ahead, Wang hopes to pass(pass) on his skills to his students. (12) Laura fought(fight) back tears when Miss Grace entered the room. (13) First, my brother forgot(forget) his passport, and we missed our plane to Dublin. (14) —I’m sorry. I left my homework at home. —Don’t forgot to bring (bring) it next time. (15) We should learn from mistakes. (16) He is a good teacher with much experience(experience). He often tells us his interesting experiences (experience). 3. 单项填空。 (1) More than _________ athletes(运动员) from around the world took part in the 2nd Summer Youth Olympic Games in Nanjing. A．thousands of B．thousand of C．three thousands D．three thousand 【答案】D 【详解】句意：来自世界各地的超过三千名运动员参加了在南京举办的第二届夏季青年奥林匹克运动会。 考查大数的表达。thousand“千”，表示具体数字时，不加-s，也不与of连用；表示概数时，需-s且与of连用。根据“More than”可知，此处是表示具体数字，因此three thousand“三千”符合。故选D。 (2) —There is a box on the table. What’s in it? —I don’t know. It ________ be a gift from your aunt. A．can B．might C．must D．should 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——在桌子上有一个盒子。什么在里面？——我不知道。它可能是来自你姑姑的一个礼物。 考查情态动词辨析。can能够；might可能；must一定；should应该。根据“I don’t know”以及“It… be a gift from your aunt”可知，此处是推测可能是来自姑姑的礼物，故选B。 (3) —Excuse me, where is the bookstore? —I’m afraid you just passed by it. ________ and you can see it. A．Look after B．Get together C．Turn around D．Put on 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，请问书店在哪里？——恐怕你刚刚路过它。转过身你就能看到。 考查动词短语。Look after照顾；Get together聚会；Turn around转身；Put on穿上。根据“I’m afraid you just passed by it.”可知，应该是路过并没有注意到书店，所以转身就可以看到。故选C。 (4) —Don’t forget ________ to my daughter’s dance show next Friday. —Sure. I’ll never forget ________ her dance for the first time last year. A．to come; to see B．coming; to see C．to come; seeing D．coming; seeing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——别忘了下星期五来参加我女儿的舞蹈演出。——当然。我永远也忘不了去年第一次看到她跳舞的情景。 考查动词短语。forget to do sth“忘记去做某事”；forget doing sth“忘记做过某事”。根据“next Friday”可知，第一空表示去做某事；根据“last year”可知第二空表示做过某事。故选C。 (5) The math problem isn’t difficult, and most of the students can work it out ________. A．hardly B．easily C．forgetfully D．regularly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这道数学题不难，大部分学生能轻易地解出来。 考查副词辨析。hardly几乎不；easily轻易地；forgetfully健忘地；regularly定期地，频繁地。根据题干中“The math problem isn’t difficult”可知“这道数学题不难”，应该是能轻易地解出来。故选B。 (6) __________ great success the animated film Ne Zha 2 is! A．How B．How a C．What a D．What 【答案】C 【详解】句意：动画电影《哪吒2》是多么成功啊！ 考查感叹句。分析句子结构可知，此句为感叹句，中心词为可数名词单数“success”，指具体的成功，符合“What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语”的感叹句结构。故选C。 (7) Don’t forget to take your ________ when you travel to a foreign country. A．palace B．station C．passport D．tower 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当你去外国旅游的时候，不要忘记带护照。 考查名词词义辨析。palace宫殿；station车站；passport护照；tower塔。根据常识，出国旅游时要带着护照，所以空格处填名词passport符合语境。故选C。 (8) —When is National Public Memorial Day (国家公祭日)? —________ December 13. And it can remind us ________ the hard days in the past. A．On; for B．In; of C．On; of D．In; for 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——国家公祭日是什么时候？ ——12月13日。它可以提醒我们过去的艰难日子。 考查介词辨析。at表示在具体的时间点，常用于表示钟点、夜里、中午、拂晓等的词组中；in用于表示世纪、年、月、季节，在上午/下午/晚上/白天等；on用于表示确定的时间，具体某天或具体某一天的上午下午晚上或一般节日等。of……的；for为了。第一个空，在具体的某一天要用介词on；第二个空是固定短语remind sb. of sth.意为“使某人想起某事”。故选C。 (9) My teacher was ________ when he heard the ________ news. A．surprising, surprising B．surprised, surprising C．surprising, surprised D．surprised, surprised 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我的老师在听到那个令人惊讶的消息时感到很惊讶。 考查形容词辨析。surprising令人惊讶的，修饰事物；surprised感到惊讶的，修饰人。第一空修饰人，用surprised；第二空修饰news，用surprising。故选B。 (10) Our country has made great progress in the fight ________ blue skies and clear waters. A．in B．for C．against D．between 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我国在争取蓝天碧水的斗争中取得了巨大进展。 考查介词辨析。in在……中；for为了；against反对；between在……之间。根据“…blue skies and clear waters”可知，此处强调目的，为了蓝天碧水，故选B。 6、 技能提升综合练习 1. 听力选择 (1) Where did Lily visit during the summer holiday? A．B． C． 【答案】C 【原文】A: Did you have a good summer holiday, Lily? B: Yes. I spent five days in the USA with my family. (2) How did Jack take the trip to Malaysia? A． B． C． 【答案】B 【原文】W: Jack, how did you take the trip to Malaysia? M: By air. I think it’s the fastest. 听下面一段对话，完成下面小题。 (3) When did the boy come back from a holiday? A．On Friday. B．On Saturday. C．On Sunday. (4) Where was the hotel? A．In a city center. B．On the beach. C．In the mountains. (5) What sport did the boy enjoy during the holiday? A．Swimming. B．Playing tennis. C．Playing soccer. (6) How many people went on holiday? A．3. B．4. C．5. (7) What do they think of the hotel? A．Comfortable but noisy. B．Comfortable, quiet but expensive. C．Comfortable, quiet and inexpensive. 【答案】C B A B C 【原文】W: Hello, boy, did you get back from your holiday on Friday or Sunday? M: On Sunday. W: Oh, where did you stay? M: My parents don’t like city-center hotels, so we stayed in a hotel on the beach. The mountains were twenty minutes away by car. W: Was there a swimming pool? M: Yes. It was great. I like swimming. We can also play tennis there, but I am not good at it. Of course, my dad spent all day playing soccer. W: Did you have your own room? M: My brother and I had one room together. It was OK—there was TV. But if we wanted to use a computer, we had to go to our parents’ room. W: What was the food like? M: It was fine. There was fish and salads every day but I prefer pizza so I nearly always had that. W: So was it a good holiday? M: Yes, it was. My parents said the hotel was comfortable and not too noisy. It wasn’t expensive, either, so we may get back again! 听下面一段对话，完成下面小题。 (8) What does the woman do on the Sunshine Beach? A．She is on vacation. B．She is on business. C．She is on duty. (9) What’s the weather like there? A．Sunny. B．Cloudy. C．Cold and Rainy. (10) What does the woman think of the hotel? A．New and nice. B．Expensive and quiet. C．Old and noisy. (11) How does the woman feel? A．Terrible. B．Nervous. C．Happy. 【答案】A C C A 【原文】W: Hi, Jack. This is Anna. I’m calling from Sunshine Beach. M: From Sunshine Beach? W: Yes. I’m on vacation here for a few days. M: Wow. That must be interesting. W: You can’t imagine. It’s terrible. M: Why? How’s the weather there? W: It’s cold and rainy outside. M: Really? What about the hotel? W: The hotel is old and noisy and the rooms are very small. M: What a pity! How about the restaurants? W: The restaurants here are expensive and the food isn't very good. I don’t have a good time. M: Oh. I’m sorry to hear that. 2. 听力填空 Mary’s Holiday When & Where Last year she was on holiday with her 12 in China. Activities * They stayed in a comfortable but a little 13 hotel. * They visited many 14 places and ate delicious food. * They met many friendly locals. * It took them 12 hours to 15 back to London. Feelings * Mary felt 16 when seeing a lot of things in China. * China is a big country with a long history. * She wants to learn 17 and visit China again next year. 【答案】parents expensive famous fly surprised Chinese 【原文】 Mary is an English girl. Last year she was on holiday with her parents in China. They stayed in an old hotel. It was built 50 years ago. The hotel was comfortable but a little expensive. Mary and her parents visited many famous places, such as the Summer Palace, the Great Wall. They ate some delicious food. Mary’s favorite was Beijing Roast Duck. Mary said they met many friendly locals. Mary couldn’t speak Chinese, so she had to speak English in China. Mary felt surprised when she saw a lot of things in China. It took them 12 hours to fly back to London from China. Mary knows China is a big country with a long history. And she only saw a small part of it. She wants to learn Chinese and visit China again next year. 3. 补全对话 A: Hi, Tara. How did you spend your vacation? B: Hi, Paul. 1 A: Really? Where did you go? B: 2 A: Sounds wonderful! Did you like it? B: Yes, it was enjoyable. 3 A: You can give me a lot of help when I go there. B: No problem. 4 A: I just stayed at home. But I thought it was very interesting. B: Why? A: 5 And my parents said it was very delicious. B: Oh, what a meaningful vacation! A．We went to Hong Kong. B．Because I learned to cook food for my family. C．I took a trip with my family. D．What did you do on vacation? E．And I liked Disneyland best. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是Tara和Paul两个人的对话。对话中二人相互谈论了自己的假期生活。 1．根据“How did you spend your vacation?”可知此处应是回答怎样度过假期，选项C“我和我的家人去旅游了”符合语境，故选C。 2．根据“Where did you go?”可知此处应是回答去哪里旅行了，选项A“我们去香港了”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据“Did you like it?”和“Yes, it was enjoyable.”可知此处应是继续评价自己的香港之旅，选项E“并且我最喜欢迪斯尼”符合语境，故选E。 4．根据“I just stayed at home.”可知此处应是问对方做了什么，选项D“你在假期做了什么”符合语境，故选D。 5．根据“Why?”可知此处应是回答原因，选项B“因为我学习为我的家人做饭了”符合语境，故选B。 4. 语篇填空 Some students are talking about their vacation last month. Everyone had a great time. Mary went to Guizhou with her family. They 1 (see) Huangguoshu Waterfall. It was 2 (wonder) and they took quite a few 3 (photo). Ben didn’t do 4 special. Most of the time he just stayed at home to read and relax. Alice went to Sanya with her sister 5 they did something fun there. It was her 6 (one) time there, so everything was really interesting. She bought some gifts for her parents and 7 (her). Tim went to his uncle’s farm in the countryside with his family. They 8 (feed) some hens and after dinner they walked around the farm. It was 9 (enjoy), so he didn’t feel bored. It seems that every student had a 10 (better) summer vacation. 【答案】1．saw 2．wonderful 3．photos 4．anything 5．and 6．first 7．herself 8．fed 9．enjoyable 10．good 【导语】本文主要介绍了班里一些同学是如何度过暑假的。 1．句意：他们看到了黄果树瀑布。根据“Some students are talking about their vacation last month.”可知，本文所有动作发生在上个月，要用一般过去时。此空作谓语，动词要用过去式；see“看见”，动词，过去式为saw。故填saw。 2．句意：黄果树瀑布非常棒。此句it指代Huangguoshu Waterfall，空格处位于was后作表语，修饰it，要填形容词。wonder“奇观”，名词，形容词形式为wonderful“极好的”。故填wonderful。 3．句意：他们拍了不少照片。quite a few“相当多的”，后接可数名词复数。photo“照片”，名词，复数形式为photos。故填photos。 4．句意：本没有做任何特别的事。空格处位于动词do后作宾语，且由形容词special后置来修饰，应该用复合不定代词。根据“Most of the time he just stayed at home to read and relax.”可知，本没做特别的事，要用指事的复合不定代词，且位于否定句中，用anything“任何事”。故填anything。 5．句意：爱丽丝和她的姐姐去了三亚，她们在那里做了一些有趣的事情。空格处连接两个完整的句子，且表顺承关系，填连词。and“和”，连词，表顺承关系。故填and。 6．句意：这是她第一次去那里，所以一切都很有趣。根据“everything was really interesting”可知，爱丽丝第一次去三亚，此处用序数词，表第几次。one“一”,基数词，变成序数词为first“首次的”。故填first。 7．句意：她给她父母和她自己买了一些礼物。根据提示词可知，此处是给自己也买了礼物，要用反身代词作宾语，表明为自己做的事。her“她”，宾格，反身代词为herself。故填herself。 8．句意：他们喂了一些母鸡，晚饭后他们在农场周围散步。全文时态为一般过去时，空格处填动词作谓语，要用过去式。feed“喂”，动词，过去式为fed。故填fed。 9．句意：因为很有趣，所以他并不觉得无聊。空格处修饰it，位于be后作表语，用形容词。enjoy“享受”，动词，形容词形式为enjoyable“有趣的”。故填enjoyable。 10．句意：看来每个学生都度过了一个愉快的暑假。此处无比较意义，且修饰summer vacation，应该填形容词原级，表示“令人愉快的”。better“更好的”，原级为good“令人愉快的”和well“身体好的”。故填good。 5. 完形填空 Here was my trip to Western China. Last summer, my family and I 1 Western China. We went to Xinjiang, a beautiful place with mountains, deserts, and lakes. Our trip 2 from Tianchi Lake. The water was 3 and blue, and the mountains around it were covered with snow. We took many 4 and had a picnic by the lake. The next day, we went to the Flaming Mountains. The 5 was very hot. Our guide told us stories about the Monkey King from the famous Chinese book, Journey to the West. We also 6 camels in the desert. It was my first time riding a camel, and it was really fun. Before we left, we tried many famous 7 in Xinjiang. Everything was 8 ! I really liked those dishes! This trip was 9 . I learned a lot about the culture and nature of Western China. And we all 10 ! I hope to visit Xinjiang again someday! 1．A．visited B．left C．agreed D．saved 2．A．improved B．started C．threw D．taught 3．A．dirty B．primary C．social D．clean 4．A．silk B．pictures C．bridges D．forms 5．A．flat B．instrument C．weather D．bell 6．A．rode B．bought C．happened D．drew 7．A．surveys B．stones C．towers D．dishes 8．A．delicious B．main C．terrible D．possible 9．A．lonely B．amazing C．sudden D．sad 10．A．walked across B．cared about C．had fun D．worked hard 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲了去年夏天作者和家人去中国西部的新疆旅行，从天池开始，去了火焰山，在沙漠骑骆驼，品尝了许多美味菜肴，这次旅行很棒，大家都玩得开心且作者对中国西部的文化和自然有了很多了解，希望日后能再去新疆。 1．句意：去年夏天，我和我的家人参观了中国西部。 visited参观；left离开；agreed同意；saved拯救。根据“Here was my trip to Western China.”可知是去中国西部旅行，故选A。 2．句意：我们的旅行从天池开始。 improved提高；started开始；threw扔；taught教。根据“from Tianchi Lake”可知是说旅行从天池开始，短语start from“从……开始”，故选B。 3．句意：水又干净又蓝，周围的山上覆盖着雪。 dirty脏的；primary主要的；social社会的；clean干净的。根据“The water was … and blue, and the mountains around it were covered with snow”可知，描述的是天池好的方面的特点，故选D。 4．句意：我们拍了很多照片并且在湖边野餐。 silk丝绸；pictures照片；bridges桥；forms表格。根据“took many”可知，在景点游玩会拍很多照片，故选B。 5．句意：天气非常热。 flat公寓；instrument乐器；weather天气；bell铃。根据“was very hot”可知，说的是天气热，故选C。 6．句意：我们也在沙漠里骑骆驼。 rode骑；bought买；happened发生；drew画。根据“camels in the desert”以及“It was my first time riding a camel”可知，在沙漠里骑骆驼，故选A。 7．句意：在我们离开之前，我们品尝了新疆很多著名的菜肴。 surveys调查；stones石头；towers塔；dishes菜肴。根据“I really liked those dishes!”可知是品尝了很多菜肴，故选D。 8．句意：一切都很美味！ delicious美味的；main主要的；terrible糟糕的；possible可能的。根据“I really liked those dishes!”可知这些菜肴是美味的，所以才会喜欢，故选A。 9．句意：这次旅行太棒了。 lonely孤独的；amazing令人惊叹的，极好的；sudden突然的；sad悲伤的。根据“I learned a lot about the culture and nature of Western China.”可知，这次旅行是很棒的，故选B。 10．句意：并且我们都玩得很开心！ walked across走过；cared about关心；had fun玩得开心；worked hard努力工作。根据“I learned a lot about the culture and nature of Western China.”可知，是玩得很开心，故选C。 6. 阅读理解 A Many people like to travel when they have time off from school or work. They might go to their hometown to see their family, or travel somewhere far. But not everyone does this. More and more people are choosing to take a “staycation”. A staycation is a new word for a period of time when people stay at home on vacation or take day trips from their home to local (当地的) places of interest. Some people might travel around their city, visiting local parks and museums. Others might try countryside trips and take part in local festivals. People like me love to just stay at home. I had a staycation of my own over the summer. I slept late every day. I worked on music and played video games. I wasn’t too lonely. I had my cat to play with, and I got together with some of my friends around the city. Traveling is fun, but it’s also nice to just stay at home and relax. It’s cheaper as well, since I don’t have to pay for travel. And you can choose to do whatever you like or, if you want, just do nothing. There’s nothing wrong with that. 1．Which of the following things might people do during a staycation? A．Relax themselves at home. B．Go to their hometown. C．Work hard at their studies. D．Travel somewhere far. 2．What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Traveling around. B．Doing nothing. C．Playing video games. D．Visiting some friends. 3．How did the writer feel during his staycation? A．Busy. B．Tired. C．Lonely. D．Relaxed. 4．Which of the following would the writer agree with? A．Traveling around the city for vacation is boring. B．Visiting local parks is more fun than traveling far. C．It’s a good idea to take a staycation on vacation. D．Traveling is cheaper than playing video games. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了“staycation”这一度假方式，即在家休息或进行本地短途游，作者分享了自己的愉快经历，并认为这是一种既省钱又放松的度假选择。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“A staycation is a new word for a period of time when people stay at home on vacation or take day trips from their home to local (当地的) places of interest...take part in local festivals.”可知，staycation是指人们在家度假或从家里出发去当地景点的短途旅行，这包括在家放松、参观当地的公园和博物馆等。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“And you can choose to do whatever you like or, if you want, just do nothing. There’s nothing wrong with that.”可知，句中提到的that指的是前文提到的“just do nothing”，即什么都不做。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“I had a staycation of my own over the summer... I got together with some of my friends around the city.”和“Traveling is fun, but it’s also nice to just stay at home and relax.”可知，作者在度假期间晚睡、制作音乐、玩电子游戏，并且不觉得孤单，因为他有猫陪伴，还和朋友们在城市里聚会，这些活动表明作者感到放松。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Traveling is fun, but it’s also nice to just stay at home and relax. It’s cheaper as well, since I don’t have to pay for travel. And you can choose to do whatever you like or, if you want, just do nothing.”可知，作者表达了对在家度假的喜好，提到了在家度假的好处，如更便宜、可以自由选择活动等，因此作者会赞同居家度假是一个好主意。故选C。 B Our family went to the Yellow Stone National Park last summer vacation. Our son, Tom, wanted to see bears there. And what a breathtaking experience it was! When we got there, we put up our tent and went to explore. As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out. And then we saw a bear go into our tent. Tom wanted his father to chase (追赶) it away. His father said, “No. It’s dangerous to chase a bear. And don’t let it chase you.” Susie said, “What shall we do? Maybe we should climb up a tree.” Tom said, “No. We have to get it out of there. It might go to sleep in our tent.” “Maybe we could make it leave if we put some honey outside for it to eat,” Susie suggested Then I said, “How are you going to get the honey? It’s in the tent.” We watched the bear go into the tent and heard it upset (翻倒; 弄翻) everything inside. “It’s foolish (愚蠢的) of us to try to chase it away,” said my husband. “Leave it alone and wait for it to come out.” We waited, but the bear stayed inside. We had to sleep in the car that night. 1．Where did the family go on vacation last summer? A．They went to the Central Park. B．They went to Yellow Stone National Park. C．They went to a zoo. D．They just stayed at home. 2．Who do you think saw the bear first? A．Susie. B．Tom. C．The writer. D．The writer’s husband. 3．What did they do when they saw a bear go into their tent? A．They chased the bear away. B．They stayed outside the tent and did nothing. C．They climbed up a tree. D．They put some honey outside for the bear to eat. 4．What did the bear do in the tent? A．It ate the honey. B．It chased the people away. C．It drank the beer. D．It turned things upside down. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了去年夏天作者一家去黄石国家公园度假，他们经历了惊险的一幕：一只熊闯进了他们的帐篷，把熊赶走是一个愚蠢的行为，于是他们只能在车里休息了一晚上。 1．细节理解题。根据“Our family went to the Yellow Stone National Park last summer vacation.”可知，去年夏天他们去了黄石国家公园。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“As we returned, we heard our daughter Susie cry out. And then we saw a bear go into our tent.”可推知Susie首先看到了熊。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“‘It’s foolish (愚蠢的) of us to try to chase it away,’ said my husband (丈夫). ‘Leave it alone and wait for it to come out.’ We waited, but the bear stayed inside”可知，看到熊进了他们的帐篷时，他们只是待在外面。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“We watched the bear go into the tent and heard it upset (翻倒; 弄翻) everything inside.”可知，熊弄翻了很多东西。故选D。 7. 任务型阅读 A 阅读下面的语篇材料，根据所读内容，完成下列各题。 Dear John, Thank you very much for your letter. I am glad that you enjoyed your holiday with me. We had a great time together. We hope that you will be able to come again next year. A week is not really long enough, is it? If your school has a long holiday next year, perhaps you’ll be able to stay with us for more weeks. We have been back to school for three weeks now. I hope that you are working very hard now because you are in Grade Eight. I am working hard although when I am in Grade Seven. Yesterday I went for a picnic with Tom. We went to an island and enjoyed ourselves there. Do you still remember the island? We spent the last day of our holiday there. Dave didn’t go with us because he cut his foot and he couldn’t walk very well. We send our best wishes to you. We hope to see you soon. Yours, Michael 1．Who wrote the letter to whom? The letter was written by to . 2．How long did John stay there? John stayed there . 3．What grade is John in? John is in now. 4．Where did Michael enjoy a picnic yesterday? Michael went to for a picnic yesterday. 5．Why didn’t Dave have a picnic with Michael? Because Dave . 【答案】1． Michael John 2．for a week 3．Grade Eight 4．an island 5．cut his foot and couldn’t walk very well 【导语】本文是一封Michael写给John的信，Michael感谢John在假期期间和他一起度过美好时光，希望John明年能有更长时间的假期再次来访。 1．根据“Dear John”以及信末署名“Yours, Michael”可知，是Michael写信给John。故填Michael；John。 2．根据“We hope that you will be able to come again next year. A week is not really long enough, is it?”可知，John待了一个星期。故填for a week。 3．根据“I hope that you are working very hard now because you are in Grade Eight.”可知，John现在在八年级。故填Grade Eight。 4．根据“Yesterday I went for a picnic with Tom. We went to an island and enjoyed ourselves there.”可知，Michael和Tom去了一个岛屿野餐。故填an island。 5．根据“Dave didn’t go with us because he cut his foot and he couldn’t walk very well.”可知，Dave没有去野餐，因为他割伤了脚，走路不方便。故填cut his foot and couldn’t walk very well。 B Many young people all over the world love to travel and see the world. Have you heard of backpackers? They are normally young people who travel cheaply with just one rucksack (背包) and comfortable walking boots. Some people prefer adventure tours. Brave people may try bungee jumping from the bridge overlooking the Victoria Falls in Africa with only a rope around their legs. Some enjoy the challenge of rock climbing in the Alps in Switzerland. Others may go skiing in the Rocky Mountains in the USA． Have you ever heard of ecotourism (生态旅游)? Ecotourists come close to nature but are very careful not to damage (损害) the natural beauty or living things in the area. How can this be possible? Let’s read an interview with some people. They have just enjoyed a “swimming with dolphins” tour. Interviewer: What was the most exciting part of your holiday? Sharon: I felt excited when I heard the sound of wild dolphins coming close to me in the water and then swimming directly under me. I will never forget the experience. Xavier: There were two dolphins below us swimming downwards. One stopped and looked back at me as if to say “What are those strange beings?” Fantastic! Interviewer: Did you feel that your holiday helped local people to keep their beautiful environment? Jane: Now the hotel and the whale and dolphin watching companies employ (雇用) local people. They used to hunt those whales and dolphins, but now they can make money from tourism and don't have to kill them. Not many boats are used at the same time, so these animals aren’t bothered (打扰). The boat companies also work to educate the local schools about the importance of protecting these wonderful animals. Helen: I am glad they are not killing the whales and dolphins any more, but the cars and boats use fuel (燃料). This could cause pollution and make the sea less clean. 1．How do backpackers travel? 2．What do ecotourists do according to the passage? 3．How did Sharon feel when she heard the sound of wild dolphins coming close to her? 4．Who has stopped killing the whales and dolphins according to the passage? 5．What do you think of the “swimming with dolphins” tour? Why? (请自拟一句话作答) 【答案】1．They travel cheaply with just one rucksack and comfortable walking boots. 2．They come close to nature but are very careful not to damage the natural beauty or living things in the area. 3．She felt very excited. 4．The local people. 5．The tour is fantastic because it helps improve the environment. （答案合理即可） 【导语】本文主要介绍了三种不同的旅行方式，文章通过采访游客，向人们宣传既要亲近大自然，又不破坏生态环境的生态旅游。 1．根据“They are normally young people who travel cheaply with just one rucksack (背包) and comfortable walking boots.”可知，背包客通常是年轻人，他们出行的方式是只背着一个背包，穿着舒适的步行靴，且花费较少地去旅行。故填They travel cheaply with just one rucksack and comfortable walking boots. 2．根据“Ecotourists come close to nature but are very careful not to damage (损害) the natural beauty or living things in the area.”可知，生态旅游者亲近自然的同时非常小心不破坏该地区的自然美景和生物。故填They come close to nature but are very careful not to damage the natural beauty or living things in the area. 3．根据Sharon的回答“I felt excited when I heard the sound of wild dolphins coming close to me in the water and then swimming directly under me.”可知，当她听到野生海豚靠近的声音时，她的感受是兴奋的。故填She felt very excited. 4．根据Jane的回答“Now the hotel and the whale and dolphin watching companies employ (雇用) local people. They used to hunt those whales and dolphins, but now they can make money from tourism and don’t have to kill them.”可知，过去当地的人们捕杀鲸鱼和海豚，现在因为可以从旅游业赚钱，所以不再捕杀了。这里的“they”指代的就是当地的人们，故填The local people. 5．本题是开放性试题，答案言之有理即可。参考答案：The tour is fantastic because it helps improve the environment. 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$