内容正文:
Unit 1 The secrets of happiness
语法重点: 过去式
一、一般过去时的用法
要点
示例
表示过去某个时间或时间段内发生的动作或状态,常与过去时间状语连用。
I visited my grandparents last night.
He got up at 6:30 yesterday.
表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
He always went to school by bus last year.
I was often late for school before.
二、时间状语(标志词)
标志词类型
示例
last + 时间名词(day/month/year 等)
last day(昨天)= yesterday
last year(去年)
last week(上周)
时间段 + ago
three days ago(三天前)
five weeks ago(五周前)
one month ago(一个月前)
in + 过去的年份
in 1998(在 1998 年)
in 2020(在 2020 年)
in the past(在过去)
In the past, he lived in a small village.
then /at that moment(在那时)
He was a teacher then.
状语从句(when/as/though 引导)
When Tom came back yesterday night, his mother was cooking dinner.
since 引导的时间状语从句(从句用过去时)
Tom has lived in Kunming since he came here.
并列句(and/but/or 连接,前后时态一致)
I liked apples and my mother also liked apples in the past.
三、谓语动词形式
类型
形式及用法
示例
be 动词
was(主语为单数,如 I/He/She/ 单数名词)
were(主语为复数,如 They / 复数名词)
I was a university student three years ago.
They were strangers.
实义动词
过去式(形式不受主语影响)
Tom went to Shanghai last summer holiday.
Everything went well at that moment.
四、句型转换(肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句及回答)
句型类型
含 be 动词(was/were)
含实义动词
肯定句
Tom and Mary were friends before.
The apple was good.
I went to the zoo yesterday.
She visited her uncle last year.
否定句
在 be 动词后加 not(可缩写为 wasn’t/weren’t)
例:Tom and Mary weren’t friends before.
用助动词 did not + 动词原形(缩写为 didn’t)
例:I didn’t go to the zoo yesterday.
一般疑问句
将 be 动词提至句首,第一人称变第二人称
例:Were Tom and Mary friends before?
用助动词 did 提至句首,动词还原为原形
例:Did you go to the zoo yesterday?
肯定回答
Yes, 主语 + was/were.
例:Yes, they were.
Yes, 主语 + did.
例:Yes, I did.
否定回答
No, 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t(必须缩写)
例:No, they weren’t.
No, 主语 + didn’t(必须缩写)
例:No, I didn’t.
即学即练
一、一般过去时时态填空题(用所给词的正确形式 )
1. She ______ (go) to the park yesterday.
2. They ______ (be) happy at the party last night.
3. I ______ (see) a film two days ago.
4. He ______ (study) very hard last term.
5. The cat ______ (catch) a mouse just now.
6. We ______ (have) a meeting in 2023.
7. Tom ______ (play) football with his friends last weekend.
8. My mother ______ (cook) a big meal yesterday evening.
9. The old man ______ (walk) slowly in the park in the past.
10. She ______ (not watch) TV last night.
二、一般过去时句型转换题
1. He was at home yesterday.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定、否定回答 )
一般疑问句:______ he at home yesterday?
肯定回答:Yes, ______ ______.
否定回答:No, ______ ______.
2. They played basketball last Sunday.(改为否定句 )
否定句:They ______ ______ basketball last Sunday.
3. She went to school on foot this morning.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定、否定回答 )
一般疑问句:______ she ______ to school on foot this morning?
肯定回答:Yes, ______ ______.
否定回答:No, ______ ______.
4. I was late for class yesterday.(改为否定句 )
否定句:I ______ ______ late for class yesterday.
5. We had a good time in the zoo.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定、否定回答 )
一般疑问句:______ you ______ a good time in the zoo?
肯定回答:Yes, ______ ______.
否定回答:No, ______ ______.
6. The girl sang a song at the party.(改为否定句 )
否定句:The girl ______ ______ a song at the party.
7. He bought a new book last week.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定、否定回答 )
一般疑问句:______ he ______ a new book last week?
肯定回答:Yes, ______ ______.
否定回答:No, ______ ______.
8. It was sunny yesterday.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定、否定回答 )
一般疑问句:______ it sunny yesterday?
肯定回答:Yes, ______ ______.
否定回答:No, ______ ______.
9. They visited their grandparents last month.(改为否定句 )
否定句:They ______ ______ their grandparents last month.
10. She danced beautifully at the party.(改为一般疑问句并作肯定、否定回答 )
一般疑问句:______ she ______ beautifully at the party?
肯定回答:Yes, ______ ______.
否定回答:No, ______ ______.
即学即练参考答案
一、一般过去时时态填空题(用所给词的正确形式 )
1. Went 2. were 3. saw 4. studied 5. caught
6. had 7. played 8. cooked 9. walked 10. didn’t watch
1. went
【解析】句意:她昨天去了公园。本题考查一般过去时中实义动词的用法。yesterday 是一般过去时的时间标志,go 的过去式是 went,故填 went。
2. were
【解析】句意:他们昨晚在派对上很开心。本题考查一般过去时中 be 动词的用法。last night 表明是一般过去时,主语 They 是复数,are 的过去式是 were,故填 were。
3. saw
【解析】句意:我两天前看了一场电影。本题考查一般过去时中实义动词的用法。two days ago 是一般过去时标志,see 的过去式是 saw,故填 saw。
4. studied
【解析】句意:他上学期学习很努力。本题考查一般过去时中实义动词的用法。last term 是一般过去时标志,study 的过去式是 studied,故填 studied。
5. caught
【解析】句意:这只猫刚才抓住了一只老鼠。本题考查一般过去时中实义动词的用法。just now 是一般过去时标志,catch 的过去式是 caught,故填 caught。
6. had
【解析】句意:我们在 2023 年开了一次会。本题考查一般过去时中实义动词的用法。in 2023 是一般过去时标志,have 的过去式是 had,故填 had。
7. played
【解析】句意:汤姆上周末和他的朋友们踢足球了。本题考查一般过去时中实义动词的用法。last weekend 是一般过去时标志,play 的过去式是 played,故填 played。
8. cooked
【解析】句意:我妈妈昨天晚上做了一顿丰盛的饭菜。本题考查一般过去时中实义动词的用法。yesterday evening 是一般过去时标志,cook 的过去式是 cooked,故填 cooked。
9. walked
【解析】句意:这位老人过去在公园里慢慢地走路。本题考查一般过去时中实义动词的用法。in the past 是一般过去时标志,walk 的过去式是 walked,故填 walked。
10. didn’t watch
【解析】句意:她昨晚没有看电视。本题考查一般过去时中实义动词的否定形式。last night 是一般过去时标志,实义动词的否定要借助助动词 didn’t,后面动词用原形,watch 是原形,故填 didn’t watch。
二、一般过去时句型转换题
1. Was;he was;he wasn’t
2. didn’t play
3. Did;go;she did;she didn’t
4. was not/wasn’t
5. Did;have;we did;we didn’t
6. didn’t sing
7. Did;buy;he did;he didn’t
8. Was;it was;it wasn’t
9. didn’t visit
10. Did;dance;she did;she didn’t
1. Was;he was;he wasn’t
【解析】原句句意:他昨天在家。本题考查含有 be 动词的一般过去时陈述句变一般疑问句及回答。含有 be 动词(was/were)的陈述句变一般疑问句,把 be 动词提到句首,句末变问号;肯定回答用 “Yes, 主语 + was/were” ,否定回答用 “No, 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t” 。原句主语是 He,be 动词是 was,故一般疑问句是 Was he at home yesterday? 肯定回答 Yes, he was. 否定回答 No, he wasn’t. ,故答案为 Was;he was;he wasn’t 。
2. didn’t play
【解析】原句句意:他们上周日打篮球了。本题考查含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变否定句。含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变否定句,要借助助动词 didn’t,后面动词还原为原形。原句中实义动词是 played,其原形是 play,故否定句是 They didn’t play basketball last Sunday. ,故答案为 didn’t play 。
3. Did;go;she did;she didn’t
【解析】原句句意:她今天早上步行去上学。本题考查含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变一般疑问句及回答。含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变一般疑问句,借助助动词 did 提到句首,动词还原为原形;肯定回答用 “Yes, 主语 + did” ,否定回答用 “No, 主语 + didn’t” 。原句中实义动词是 went,原形是 go,主语是 She,故一般疑问句是 Did she go to school on foot this morning? 肯定回答 Yes, she did. 否定回答 No, she didn’t. ,故答案为 Did;go;she did;she didn’t 。
4. was not/wasn’t
【解析】原句句意:我昨天上课迟到了。本题考查含有 be 动词的一般过去时陈述句变否定句。含有 be 动词(was/were)的陈述句变否定句,在 be 动词后加 not,可缩写。原句 be 动词是 was,故否定句是 I was not/wasn’t late for class yesterday. ,故答案为 was not/wasn’t 。
5. Did;have;we did;we didn’t
【解析】原句句意:我们在动物园玩得很开心。本题考查含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变一般疑问句及回答。含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变一般疑问句,借助助动词 did 提到句首,动词还原为原形;肯定回答用 “Yes, 主语 + did” ,否定回答用 “No, 主语 + didn’t” 。原句中实义动词是 had,原形是 have,主语是 We,故一般疑问句是 Did you have a good time in the zoo? 肯定回答 Yes, we did. 否定回答 No, we didn’t. ,故答案为 Did;have;we did;we didn’t 。
6. didn’t sing
【解析】原句句意:这个女孩在派对上唱了一首歌。本题考查含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变否定句。含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变否定句,借助助动词 didn’t,后面动词还原为原形。原句中实义动词是 sang,原形是 sing,故否定句是 The girl didn’t sing a song at the party. ,故答案为 didn’t sing 。
7. Did;buy;he did;he didn’t
【解析】原句句意:他上周买了一本新书。本题考查含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变一般疑问句及回答。含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变一般疑问句,借助助动词 did 提到句首,动词还原为原形;肯定回答用 “Yes, 主语 + did” ,否定回答用 “No, 主语 + didn’t” 。原句中实义动词是 bought,原形是 buy,主语是 He,故一般疑问句是 Did he buy a new book last week? 肯定回答 Yes, he did. 否定回答 No, he didn’t. ,故答案为 Did;buy;he did;he didn’t 。
8. Was;it was;it wasn’t
【解析】原句句意:昨天天气晴朗。本题考查含有 be 动词的一般过去时陈述句变一般疑问句及回答。含有 be 动词(was/were)的陈述句变一般疑问句,把 be 动词提到句首,句末变问号;肯定回答用 “Yes, 主语 + was/were” ,否定回答用 “No, 主语 + wasn’t/weren’t” 。原句主语是 It,be 动词是 was,故一般疑问句是 Was it sunny yesterday? 肯定回答 Yes, it was. 否定回答 No, it wasn’t. ,故答案为 Was;it was;it wasn’t 。
9. didn’t visit
【解析】原句句意:他们上个月看望了他们的祖父母。本题考查含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变否定句。含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变否定句,借助助动词 didn’t,后面动词还原为原形。原句中实义动词是 visited,原形是 visit,故否定句是 They didn’t visit their grandparents last month. ,故答案为 didn’t visit 。
10. Did;dance;she did;she didn’t
【解析】原句句意:她在派对上跳舞跳得很美。本题考查含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变一般疑问句及回答。含有实义动词的一般过去时陈述句变一般疑问句,借助助动词 did 提到句首,动词还原为原形;肯定回答用 “Yes, 主语 + did” ,否定回答用 “No, 主语 + didn’t” 。原句中实义动词是 danced,原形是 dance,主语是 She,故一般疑问句是 Did she dance beautifully at the party? 肯定回答 Yes, she did. 否定回答 No, she didn’t. ,故答案为 Did;dance;she did;she didn’t 。
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