06 月壤,凝固的宇宙史诗 -2025年中考英语临考热点解密抢分练

06 月壤,凝固的宇宙史诗 月壤：凝固的宇宙史诗 当嫦娥五号从风暴洋北麓采回1731克月壤，这些灰褐色的细尘便成为太阳系的时光胶囊。其玄妙远超想象： 宇宙密码的载体 40亿年守夜者：颗粒间封存月球岩浆海的冷却遗迹，锆石晶体镌刻着太阳系婴儿期的脉动 星尘琥珀：每克含数百万颗玻璃陨珠，由微陨石撞击熔凝，封印远古太阳风氢核 氦3富矿：吨壤蕴藏0.1克核聚变黄金，相当地球150吨煤能，点亮未来能源灯塔 中国智慧的试金石 中科院用0.2克月壤破译三大奇迹： ✨ 宇宙冶金术——还原出钛铁矿阴极，电解制氧效率超地球工艺十倍 ✨ 月宫稻浪——水稻在模拟月壤抽穗，玻璃质颗粒激发的纳米级催化加速生长 ✨ 光子芯片——硅酸盐微珠制成宇宙光导管，量子传输损耗骤降90% 文明对话的星尘信笺 故宫博物院特展的月壤水晶樽，在聚光灯下流淌银河碎钻般的光芒。这些来自38万公里外的宇宙沙粒，正将《天问》的古老诘问化为现实： “厥利维何，而顾菟在腹？” ——屈原不会想到，那只传说中的月宫玉兔，如今化作中国探测器在环形山跳跃，而月壤中培育的稻穗，正为人类星际移民写下序章。 一、阅读理解 （2025·辽宁锦州·一模）Chinese scientists are trying ways to build houses on the moon using bricks (砖) made from manmade lunar (月球的) soil. These bricks were sent to China Space Station on the Tianzhou8 cargo spaceship (货运飞船). The team working on this project plans to shape the bricks using mortise and tenon structure (榫卯结构), a method from ancient construction (建筑), to build an eggshaped house on the moon. The moon has always been an important goal for space exploration. Many countries have made longterm plans for human activities on the moon. China hopes to send astronauts there by 2030 in order to build a research station by 2035. A lab in Wuhan, China, has created a sandbox to show how a future moon base might be built. However, building on the moon is very hard. The moon has tough conditions, including no water, low gravity (重力), big temperature changes, and lots of small earthquakes. These problems make the construction very difficult. After many tests, the team chose a twolayer roundtop design called the “lunar pot”. This design is light, uses fewer materials, and works well for keeping warm and staying strong. Inside, the house will have two levels: one for working and one for resting. The bricks will be made using a method learned from ancient Chinese building styles. Robots will put the bricks together, and 3D printing will make the structure stronger. These ideas are based on information from the U.S. Apollo program and China’s Chang’e5 moon mission. The lunar bricks are now being tested in space to see if they can survive the tough conditions. The first bricks should return to Earth by the end of 2025, bringing us closer to building homes on the moon. 1．According to the passage, we know that ________. A．The bricks are made from lunar soil. B．Printing will make the structure stronger. C．The lunar bricks are used in space now. D．Chinese Scientist use mortise and tenon structure to shape the bricks. 2．What’s meaning of the words “tough” in the third? A．easy B．beautiful C．interesting D．difficult 3．Why does China want to send astronauts to the moon by 2030? A．To get more moon soil. B．To live on the moon forever. C．To build a research place later. D．To compete with other countries. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the text about the lunar house building? A．It has been prepared and will be completed by 2025. B．It is influenced by both ancient and modern technologies. C．It will soon finish building after the lunar bricks are tested. D．It will only use 3D printing technology and information from the U.S. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．B 【难度】0.65 【知识点】航天与航空、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国科学家正在尝试用月球土壤制造的砖块在月球上建造房屋。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“The team working on this project plans to shape the bricks using mortise and tenon structure (榫卯结构), a method from ancient construction(建筑), to build an eggshaped house on the moon.”可知，中国科学家计划使用榫卯结构来塑造砖块。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据第三段“...including no water, low gravity (重力), big temperature changes, and lots of small earthquakes. These problems make the construction very difficult.”可知，月球存在缺水、低重力、温度变化很大，许多小地震等问题，故而月球有艰难的条件。故划线单词“tough”意为“困难的”，difficult与其意思相近。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“China hopes to send astronauts there by 2030 in order to build a research station by 2035.”可知，中国计划2030年送宇航员登月，目标是到2035年建立研究站。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段“The bricks will be made using a method learned from ancient Chinese building styles. Robots will put the bricks together, and 3D printing will make the structure stronger. These ideas are based on information from the U.S. Apollo program and China’s Chang’e5 moon mission.”可知，它结合了榫卯结构 (古代技术) 与3D打印、美国阿波罗计划及中国探月数据，故而推断出它受古代技术和现代技术的影响。故选B。 （2025·宁夏中卫·模拟预测） Recently, a great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the Moon, which could change how we think about living on the Moon in the future! They wrote about their discovery in a science magazine called The Innovation. Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil (月壤), scientists can create a lot of water on the Moon. In the past, missions to the Moon showed that there might be ice at the Moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there isn’t much water in lunar soil—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. So it’s difficult for people to expect to live on the Moon. The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the Moon brought back by the Chang’ e5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts (融化) when it reaches over 1,000°C． When it begins to melt, it produces water vapor (蒸气). They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can give us 5.1g to 7.6g of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51kg and 76kg of water. That’s enough to give drinking water to 50 people for one day! All in all, this research opens up new possibilities for finding water on the Moon. It’s important for future trips to the Moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to make water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the Moon. This discovery could help make that dream come true! 5．What did Chinese scientists discover that amazed the world? A．A new way to travel to the Moon. B．Ice at the Moon's north and south poles. C．A new method to produce water on the Moon. D．Rocks and soil on the Moon can be used for building. 6．How much water may scientists get if they have 1,000g of lunar soil? A．B．C． D． 7．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the dream of humans living on the Moon? A．Hopeful. B．Worried. C．Surprised. D．Doubtful. 8．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Humans are the builders of the earth. B．Mistakes often help us find the truth. C．Scientific discoveries are continually moving forward. D．Future space exploration faces challenges and chances. 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】天体与宇宙、说明文 【导语】本文讲述中国科学家通过嫦娥五号带回的月壤样本，发现高温熔融月壤可产生大量水蒸气，这一突破性研究为未来月球居住和探索提供了新的水资源解决方案，推动了人类太空定居的梦想。 5．细节理解题。根据首段“Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the Moon, which could change how we think about living on the Moon in the future!”可知，科学家发现了在月球制水的新方法。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据第三段“They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can give us 5.1g to 7.6g of water.”可以推算，1000g月壤可获得51g76g水。B选项水的刻度在这个区间内。故选B。 7．观点态度题。根据最后一段“As we learn more about how to make water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the Moon. This discovery could help make that dream come true!”可知，作者对月球居住的前景持乐观态度。故选A。 8．推理判断题。文章先是介绍了过去人们对月球水的研究情况，即月壤中虽有水但含量极少难以利用，接着讲述了中国科学家的新发现，即利用月壤生产水的新方法，这体现了科学发现是不断向前发展的。故选C。 （2025·江苏无锡·三模） Recently, a great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the Moon, which could change how we think about living on the Moon in the future! They wrote about their discovery in a science magazine called The Innovation. Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil (月壤), scientists can create a lot of water on the Moon. In the past, missions to the Moon showed that there might be ice at the Moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there isn’t much water in lunar soil—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. So it’s difficult for people to expect to live on the Moon. The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the Moon brought back by the Chang’e5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts (融化) when it reaches over 1,000℃. When it begins to melt, it produces water vapor (蒸气). They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can give us 5.1g to 7.6g of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51kg and 76kg of water. That’s enough to give drinking water to 50 people for one day! All in all, this research opens up new possibilities for finding water on the Moon. It’s important for future trips to the Moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to make water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the Moon. This discovery could help make that dream come true! 9．Why does the writer mention the earlier research in Paragraph 2? A．To show that it was totally wrong. B．To compare it with the new discovery. C．To prove that there is no running water on the Moon. D．To explain why people wanted to live on the Moon before. 10．How much water may scientists get if they have 1,000g of lunar soil? A．B． C． D． 11．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the dream of humans living on the Moon? A．Hopeful. B．Worried. C．Surprised. D．Doubtful. 12．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Humans are the builders of the earth. B．Mistakes often help us find the truth. C．Scientific discoveries are continually moving forward. D．Future space exploration faces challenges and chances. 【答案】9．B 10．B 11．A 12．C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】科学技术、天体与宇宙、说明文 【导语】本文讲述中国科学家通过嫦娥五号带回的月壤样本，发现高温熔融月壤可产生大量水蒸气，这一突破性研究为未来月球居住和探索提供了新的水资源解决方案，推动了人类太空定居的梦想。 9．推理判断题。根据“In the past, missions to the Moon showed that there might be ice at the Moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there isn’t much water in lunar soil”可知，作者提到早期研究是为了与嫦娥五号带回的新发现形成对比，说明过去认为月球水资源稀少，而新发现提供了新的可能性。故选B。 10．推理判断题。根据“They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can give us 5.1g to 7.6g of water. ”可以推算，1000g月壤可获得51g76g水。B选项水的刻度在这个区间内。故选B。 11．观点态度题。根据“As we learn more about how to make water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the Moon. This discovery could help make that dream come true!”可知，作者对月球居住的前景持乐观态度。故选A。 12．推理判断题。文章先是介绍了过去人们对月球水的研究情况，即月壤中虽有水但含量极少难以利用，接着讲述了中国科学家的新发现，即利用月壤生产水的新方法，这体现了科学发现是不断向前发展的。故选C。 （2025·河南南阳·二模）Recently, a great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the Moon, which could change how we think about living on the Moon in the future! They wrote about their discovery in a science magazine called The Innovation. Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil (月壤), scientists can create a lot of water on the Moon. In the past, missions to the Moon showed that there might be ice at the Moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there isn’t much water in lunar soil—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. So it’s difficult for people to expect to live on the Moon. The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the Moon brought back by the Chang’e5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts (融化) when it reaches over 1,000℃. When it begins to melt, it produces water vapor (蒸气). They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can give us 5.1g to 7.6g of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51kg and 76kg of water. That’s enough to give drinking water to 50 people for one day! All in all, this research opens up new possibilities for finding water on the Moon. It’s important for future trips to the Moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to make water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the Moon. This discovery could help make that dream come true! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 13．What did Chinese scientists discover that amazed the world? A．A new way to travel to the Moon. B．Ice at the Moon’s north and south poles. C．A new method to produce water on the Moon. D．Rocks and soil on the Moon can be used for building. 14．Why does the writer mention the earlier research in Paragraph 2? A．To show that it was totally wrong. B．To compare it with the new discovery. C．To prove that there is no running water on the Moon. D．To explain why people wanted to live on the Moon before. 15．How much water may scientists get if they have 1,000g of lunar soil? A．B．C．D 16．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the dream of humans living on the Moon? A．Hopeful. B．Worried. C．Surprised. D．Doubtful. 17．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Humans are the builders of the earth. B．Mistakes often help us find the truth. C．Scientific discoveries are continually moving forward. D．Future space exploration faces challenges and chances. 【答案】13．C 14．B 15．B 16．A 17．C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】天体与宇宙、说明文 【导语】本文介绍了中国科学家利用月壤制造水的突破性发现，为未来月球居住和探索提供了新的可能。 13．细节理解题。根据首段“Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the Moon, which could change how we think about living on the Moon in the future!”可知，科学家发现了在月球制水的新方法。故选C。 14．推理判断题。根据第二段“So it’s difficult for people to expect to live on the Moon.”可知，其目的是说明过去研究的局限，进而对比突显新发现的意义。故选B。 15．推理判断题。根据“They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can give us 5.1g to 7.6g of water.”可知，100g月球土壤可得5.1g到7.6g水，则1,000g月球土壤可得51g到76g水。故选B。 16．观点态度题。根据末段“All in all, this research opens up new possibilities for finding water on the Moon.”可知，作者对实现月球居住持积极态度。故选A。 17．推理判断题。根据末段“As we learn more about how to make water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the Moon. This discovery could help make that dream come true!”可知，科学新发现推动月球探索展开，体现科学持续进步对人类实现移居月球的重要性。故选C。 （2025·辽宁鞍山·一模）阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Do you know anything about the Moon? How much do you know about it? Do you want to go there? Scientists have told us so much about the Moon. They have discovered that the Moon is an unfriendly place. There is no air or water. There are only dust and rocky mountains covering its surface. 18 When the Sun shines in the day, the temperature is very high. Daytime temperatures can reach 127℃ when the Sun shines, hot enough to boil water! But at night, it drops to 173℃, colder than Antarctica. 19 As we know, sound can only travel in the air but there is no air on the Moon. Without air, sound cannot travel. Although two astronauts stood close, they would need radios to communicate. Even a loud crash would be completely silent! From the Moon, Earth looks like a bright blueandwhite ball hanging in the dark sky. The scene would be wonderful. 20 Though challenging, China has made amazing progress in exploring the Moon. In 2013, Chang’e3 became the first Chinese spacecraft to softland on the Moon, carrying the Yutu rover that studied lunar soil for 31 months. In 2024, Chang’e6 successfully brought back 1.935 kilograms of moon samples, helping scientists discover new facts about the Moon’s volcanic history. 21 Would you like to join future missions to build a lunar research station? A．The Moon is also a silent world. B．The Moon is the closest planet to Earth. C．These achievements show China’s growing space technology. D．The temperature of the Moon is different from day to night. E．Many astronauts say seeing Earth from space changes their ideas about our planet. 【答案】18．D 19．A 20．E 21．C 【难度】0.65 【知识点】天体与宇宙 【导语】本文主要介绍了月球的环境特征（极端温度、无声环境）和中国的探月成就。 18．根据“When the Sun shines in the day, the temperature is very high. Daytime temperatures can reach 127℃ when the Sun shines, hot enough to boil water! But at night, it drops to 173℃, colder than Antarctica.”可知，这里在讲月球白天和晚上温度的差异。选项D“月球昼夜温差大。”符合语境。故选D。 19．根据“As we know, sound can only travel in the air but there is no air on the Moon. Without air, sound cannot travel. Although two astronauts stood close, they would need radios to communicate. Even a loud crash would be completely silent!”可知，这里在说月球上没有声音，是个寂静的世界。选项A“月球是一个无声的世界。”符合语境。故选A。 20．根据“From the Moon, Earth looks like a bright blueandwhite ball hanging in the dark sky. The scene would be wonderful.”可知，从月球上看地球很美妙，故接下来内容应与在太空看地球相关。选项E“宇航员称太空看地球会改变对地球的认知。”符合语境。故选E。 21．根据“In 2013, Chang’e3 became the first Chinese spacecraft to softland on the Moon, carrying the Yutu rover that studied lunar soil for 31 months. In 2024, Chang’e6 successfully brought back 1.935 kilograms of moon samples, helping scientists discover new facts about the Moon’s volcanic history.可知，这里在讲中国在探月方面取得的成就。选项C“这些成就展现中国航天技术的进步。”符合语境。故选C。 （2025·贵州黔东南·模拟预测）We use bricks (砖) to make houses on Earth, but what about building things on the moon? ▲ Scientists at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) have developed “lunar bricks”. They hope to use the bricks to build a base on the moon. To make the bricks, the scientists used a lunar soil simulant (模拟月壤) . The bricks are three times stronger than normal red bricks. They also have special structures (结构) , which were used in ancient Chinese buildings. This makes it possible to simply put these bricks together. Professor Zhou Cheng from HUST said that they had tested five different kinds of simulated lunar soil and used three ways to harden them. This helped them choose the best materials for making the bricks. Lunar soil isn’t the same everywhere on the moon, Zhou added. For example, one of the tested kinds simulates the lunar soil at the landing site of Chang’e 5, which is mainly basalt (玄武岩) . The lunar bricks need to be tested well before being used because the moon has an unusual environment. Quakes often happen there. And it gets as hot as 180℃ during the day and as cold as 190℃ at night. The lunar bricks have been sent to China’s space station on the Tianzhou 8 spacecraft. There, scientists will check how well the bricks do in space. The first brick is expected to return to Earth by the end of 2025. China hopes to build a lunar research station between 2028 and 2035. 22．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 1? A．We use“lunar bricks”, of course! B．The question is too difficult to answer! C．Scientists may study the topic in the future! 23．Which properly shows the strength comparison of lunar bricks and red bricks? A．B．C 24．How did scientists find the best materials for lunar bricks? A．They learned about lunar soil from scientific reports. B．They compared different bricks used widely nowadays. C．They did many tests and treated lunar soil in different ways. 25．What is the best title for the text? A．Bricks Made for the Moon.B．Future Buildings on the Moon. C．China’s First Lunar Research Station. 【答案】22．A 23．B 24．C 25．A 【难度】0.65 【知识点】科学技术、天体与宇宙、说明文 【导语】本文主要介绍了为了在月球上建造房屋，中国科学家正在尝试制造月球砖。 22．推理判断题。根据“Scientists at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) have developed “lunar bricks”.”可以推测此处内容和“月球砖”有关，选项A“我们当然使用‘月球砖’ ”符合语境，故选A。 23．细节理解题。根据“The bricks are three times stronger than normal red bricks.”月球砖比普通红砖结实三倍，故选B。 24．细节理解题。根据“Professor Zhou Cheng from HUST said that they had tested five different kinds of simulated lunar soil and used three ways to harden them. This helped them choose the best materials for making the bricks.”可知，科学家们通过做多次的测试和用不同的方法处理月球土壤来找到适合制作月球砖的材料，故选C。 25．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了科学家如何制造月球砖，主要内容围绕着月球砖展开，故选A。 二、任务型阅读 （2025·山东临沂·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，回答短文后面的各个小题。 We use bricks (砖) to make houses on Earth, but what about building things on the moon? Well, you use “lunar bricks”, of course! Scientists at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) have developed “lunar bricks”. They hope to use the bricks to build a base (基地) on the moon.To make the bricks, the scientists used a lunar soil simulant (模拟月壤). The bricks are three times stronger than normal concrete (混凝土) bricks or red bricks. They also have mortise and tenon joint structures (榫卯结构), which were used in ancient Chinese buildings. This makes it possible to simply put these bricks together, just like Lego. Lunar soil isn’t the same everywhere on the moon. The scientists had tested five different kinds of simulated (模拟的) lunar soil and used three ways to harden them. This helped them choose the best materials for making the bricks. The lunar bricks need to be tested well before being used because the moon has an extreme (极端的) environment Quakes (月震) often happen there, and cosmic radiation (宇宙辐射) is high. It gets as hot as 180 ℃ during the day and as cold as 190 ℃ at night. The lunar bricks was sent to China’s space station on the Tianzhou 8 spacecraft on November 15, 2024. There, scientists will check how well the bricks do in space. 26．Why are the lunar bricks developed? 27．Why is it necessary for the researchers to test different kinds of lunar soil simulants? 28．What will scientists do with the bricks on China’s space station? 29．Please give a title to the passage. 30．Do you think it is possible to build a base with lunar bricks on the moon in the near future? Why or why not? 【答案】26．Because scientists hope to use the bricks to build a base on the moon. /To use them to build a base on the moon. 27．Because the soil on the moon is different in different places. 28．Scientists will check how well the bricks do in space. 29．Lunar bricks for moon base construction 30．Yes, I do. Because science and technology can make something impossible become possible. I believe the aim will come true with the efforts of scientists./No, I don’t. Because there is no air on the moon and the moon has an extreme environment for people to live in. 【难度】0.65 【知识点】航天与航空、说明文 【导语】本文讲述了华中科技大学的科学家们开发了“月球砖”，并希望利用这些砖在月球上建造基地。 26．根据“Scientists at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) have developed ‘lunar bricks’. They hope to use the bricks to build a base (基地) on the moon.”可知，科学家们开发月球砖的目的是为了在月球上建造基地。故填Because scientists hope to use the bricks to build a base on the moon. /To use them to build a base on the moon. 27．根据“Lunar soil isn’t the same everywhere on the moon. The scientists had tested five different kinds of simulated (模拟的) lunar soil and used three ways to harden them”可知，研究人员需要测试不同种类的模拟月壤，以确保月球砖的质量和强度是因为月球上不同地方的土壤是不同的。故填Because the soil on the moon is different in different places. 28．根据“The lunar bricks was sent to China’s space station on the Tianzhou 8 spacecraft on November 15, 2024. There, scientists will check how well the bricks do in space.”可知，科学家将在空间站上测试这些砖块在太空中的表现。故填Scientists will check how well the bricks do in space.   29．通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了建造月球基地用的月球，所以可以用“Lunar bricks for moon base construction”为标题。故填Lunar bricks for moon base construction。 30．开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes, I do. Because science and technology can make something impossible become possible. I believe the aim will come true with the efforts of scientists/No, I don’t. Because there is no air on the moon and the moon has an extreme environment for people to live in. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 06 月壤,凝固的宇宙史诗 月壤：凝固的宇宙史诗 当嫦娥五号从风暴洋北麓采回1731克月壤，这些灰褐色的细尘便成为太阳系的时光胶囊。其玄妙远超想象： 宇宙密码的载体 40亿年守夜者：颗粒间封存月球岩浆海的冷却遗迹，锆石晶体镌刻着太阳系婴儿期的脉动 星尘琥珀：每克含数百万颗玻璃陨珠，由微陨石撞击熔凝，封印远古太阳风氢核 氦3富矿：吨壤蕴藏0.1克核聚变黄金，相当地球150吨煤能，点亮未来能源灯塔 中国智慧的试金石 中科院用0.2克月壤破译三大奇迹： ✨ 宇宙冶金术——还原出钛铁矿阴极，电解制氧效率超地球工艺十倍 ✨ 月宫稻浪——水稻在模拟月壤抽穗，玻璃质颗粒激发的纳米级催化加速生长 ✨ 光子芯片——硅酸盐微珠制成宇宙光导管，量子传输损耗骤降90% 文明对话的星尘信笺 故宫博物院特展的月壤水晶樽，在聚光灯下流淌银河碎钻般的光芒。这些来自38万公里外的宇宙沙粒，正将《天问》的古老诘问化为现实： “厥利维何，而顾菟在腹？” ——屈原不会想到，那只传说中的月宫玉兔，如今化作中国探测器在环形山跳跃，而月壤中培育的稻穗，正为人类星际移民写下序章。 一、阅读理解 （2025·辽宁锦州·一模）Chinese scientists are trying ways to build houses on the moon using bricks (砖) made from manmade lunar (月球的) soil. These bricks were sent to China Space Station on the Tianzhou8 cargo spaceship (货运飞船). The team working on this project plans to shape the bricks using mortise and tenon structure (榫卯结构), a method from ancient construction (建筑), to build an eggshaped house on the moon. The moon has always been an important goal for space exploration. Many countries have made longterm plans for human activities on the moon. China hopes to send astronauts there by 2030 in order to build a research station by 2035. A lab in Wuhan, China, has created a sandbox to show how a future moon base might be built. However, building on the moon is very hard. The moon has tough conditions, including no water, low gravity (重力), big temperature changes, and lots of small earthquakes. These problems make the construction very difficult. After many tests, the team chose a twolayer roundtop design called the “lunar pot”. This design is light, uses fewer materials, and works well for keeping warm and staying strong. Inside, the house will have two levels: one for working and one for resting. The bricks will be made using a method learned from ancient Chinese building styles. Robots will put the bricks together, and 3D printing will make the structure stronger. These ideas are based on information from the U.S. Apollo program and China’s Chang’e5 moon mission. The lunar bricks are now being tested in space to see if they can survive the tough conditions. The first bricks should return to Earth by the end of 2025, bringing us closer to building homes on the moon. 1．According to the passage, we know that ________. A．The bricks are made from lunar soil. B．Printing will make the structure stronger. C．The lunar bricks are used in space now. D．Chinese Scientist use mortise and tenon structure to shape the bricks. 2．What’s meaning of the words “tough” in the third? A．easy B．beautiful C．interesting D．difficult 3．Why does China want to send astronauts to the moon by 2030? A．To get more moon soil. B．To live on the moon forever. C．To build a research place later. D．To compete with other countries. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the text about the lunar house building? A．It has been prepared and will be completed by 2025. B．It is influenced by both ancient and modern technologies. C．It will soon finish building after the lunar bricks are tested. D．It will only use 3D printing technology and information from the U.S. （2025·宁夏中卫·模拟预测） Recently, a great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the Moon, which could change how we think about living on the Moon in the future! They wrote about their discovery in a science magazine called The Innovation. Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil (月壤), scientists can create a lot of water on the Moon. In the past, missions to the Moon showed that there might be ice at the Moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there isn’t much water in lunar soil—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. So it’s difficult for people to expect to live on the Moon. The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the Moon brought back by the Chang’ e5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts (融化) when it reaches over 1,000°C． When it begins to melt, it produces water vapor (蒸气). They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can give us 5.1g to 7.6g of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51kg and 76kg of water. That’s enough to give drinking water to 50 people for one day! All in all, this research opens up new possibilities for finding water on the Moon. It’s important for future trips to the Moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to make water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the Moon. This discovery could help make that dream come true! 5．What did Chinese scientists discover that amazed the world? A．A new way to travel to the Moon. B．Ice at the Moon's north and south poles. C．A new method to produce water on the Moon. D．Rocks and soil on the Moon can be used for building. 6．How much water may scientists get if they have 1,000g of lunar soil? A．B．C． D． 7．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the dream of humans living on the Moon? A．Hopeful. B．Worried. C．Surprised. D．Doubtful. 8．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Humans are the builders of the earth. B．Mistakes often help us find the truth. C．Scientific discoveries are continually moving forward. D．Future space exploration faces challenges and chances. （2025·江苏无锡·三模） Recently, a great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the Moon, which could change how we think about living on the Moon in the future! They wrote about their discovery in a science magazine called The Innovation. Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil (月壤), scientists can create a lot of water on the Moon. In the past, missions to the Moon showed that there might be ice at the Moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there isn’t much water in lunar soil—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. So it’s difficult for people to expect to live on the Moon. The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the Moon brought back by the Chang’e5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts (融化) when it reaches over 1,000℃. When it begins to melt, it produces water vapor (蒸气). They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can give us 5.1g to 7.6g of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51kg and 76kg of water. That’s enough to give drinking water to 50 people for one day! All in all, this research opens up new possibilities for finding water on the Moon. It’s important for future trips to the Moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to make water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the Moon. This discovery could help make that dream come true! 9．Why does the writer mention the earlier research in Paragraph 2? A．To show that it was totally wrong. B．To compare it with the new discovery. C．To prove that there is no running water on the Moon. D．To explain why people wanted to live on the Moon before. 10．How much water may scientists get if they have 1,000g of lunar soil? A．B． C． D． 11．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the dream of humans living on the Moon? A．Hopeful. B．Worried. C．Surprised. D．Doubtful. 12．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Humans are the builders of the earth. B．Mistakes often help us find the truth. C．Scientific discoveries are continually moving forward. D．Future space exploration faces challenges and chances. （2025·河南南阳·二模）Recently, a great scientific discovery amazed the world. Chinese scientists have already found a new method to produce water on the Moon, which could change how we think about living on the Moon in the future! They wrote about their discovery in a science magazine called The Innovation. Their discovery shows that by using lunar soil (月壤), scientists can create a lot of water on the Moon. In the past, missions to the Moon showed that there might be ice at the Moon’s north and south poles (极). However, there isn’t much water in lunar soil—only a little bit, like 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent, which makes it hard to find and use water there. So it’s difficult for people to expect to live on the Moon. The researchers, however, found something exciting, after studying the rocks and soil from the Moon brought back by the Chang’e5 spacecraft. One of the exciting things they discovered is that lunar soil melts (融化) when it reaches over 1,000℃. When it begins to melt, it produces water vapor (蒸气). They learned that just 100g of lunar soil can give us 5.1g to 7.6g of water. So, if we had one ton of lunar soil, we could get between 51kg and 76kg of water. That’s enough to give drinking water to 50 people for one day! All in all, this research opens up new possibilities for finding water on the Moon. It’s important for future trips to the Moon and people who might live there someday. As we learn more about how to make water from lunar soil, we get closer to the dream of humans living on the Moon. This discovery could help make that dream come true! 根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 13．What did Chinese scientists discover that amazed the world? A．A new way to travel to the Moon. B．Ice at the Moon’s north and south poles. C．A new method to produce water on the Moon. D．Rocks and soil on the Moon can be used for building. 14．Why does the writer mention the earlier research in Paragraph 2? A．To show that it was totally wrong. B．To compare it with the new discovery. C．To prove that there is no running water on the Moon. D．To explain why people wanted to live on the Moon before. 15．How much water may scientists get if they have 1,000g of lunar soil? A．B．C．D 16．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards the dream of humans living on the Moon? A．Hopeful. B．Worried. C．Surprised. D．Doubtful. 17．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．Humans are the builders of the earth. B．Mistakes often help us find the truth. C．Scientific discoveries are continually moving forward. D．Future space exploration faces challenges and chances. （2025·辽宁鞍山·一模）阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。 Do you know anything about the Moon? How much do you know about it? Do you want to go there? Scientists have told us so much about the Moon. They have discovered that the Moon is an unfriendly place. There is no air or water. There are only dust and rocky mountains covering its surface. 18 When the Sun shines in the day, the temperature is very high. Daytime temperatures can reach 127℃ when the Sun shines, hot enough to boil water! But at night, it drops to 173℃, colder than Antarctica. 19 As we know, sound can only travel in the air but there is no air on the Moon. Without air, sound cannot travel. Although two astronauts stood close, they would need radios to communicate. Even a loud crash would be completely silent! From the Moon, Earth looks like a bright blueandwhite ball hanging in the dark sky. The scene would be wonderful. 20 Though challenging, China has made amazing progress in exploring the Moon. In 2013, Chang’e3 became the first Chinese spacecraft to softland on the Moon, carrying the Yutu rover that studied lunar soil for 31 months. In 2024, Chang’e6 successfully brought back 1.935 kilograms of moon samples, helping scientists discover new facts about the Moon’s volcanic history. 21 Would you like to join future missions to build a lunar research station? A．The Moon is also a silent world. B．The Moon is the closest planet to Earth. C．These achievements show China’s growing space technology. D．The temperature of the Moon is different from day to night. E．Many astronauts say seeing Earth from space changes their ideas about our planet. （2025·贵州黔东南·模拟预测）We use bricks (砖) to make houses on Earth, but what about building things on the moon? ▲ Scientists at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) have developed “lunar bricks”. They hope to use the bricks to build a base on the moon. To make the bricks, the scientists used a lunar soil simulant (模拟月壤) . The bricks are three times stronger than normal red bricks. They also have special structures (结构) , which were used in ancient Chinese buildings. This makes it possible to simply put these bricks together. Professor Zhou Cheng from HUST said that they had tested five different kinds of simulated lunar soil and used three ways to harden them. This helped them choose the best materials for making the bricks. Lunar soil isn’t the same everywhere on the moon, Zhou added. For example, one of the tested kinds simulates the lunar soil at the landing site of Chang’e 5, which is mainly basalt (玄武岩) . The lunar bricks need to be tested well before being used because the moon has an unusual environment. Quakes often happen there. And it gets as hot as 180℃ during the day and as cold as 190℃ at night. The lunar bricks have been sent to China’s space station on the Tianzhou 8 spacecraft. There, scientists will check how well the bricks do in space. The first brick is expected to return to Earth by the end of 2025. China hopes to build a lunar research station between 2028 and 2035. 22．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 1? A．We use“lunar bricks”, of course! B．The question is too difficult to answer! C．Scientists may study the topic in the future! 23．Which properly shows the strength comparison of lunar bricks and red bricks? A．B．C 24．How did scientists find the best materials for lunar bricks? A．They learned about lunar soil from scientific reports. B．They compared different bricks used widely nowadays. C．They did many tests and treated lunar soil in different ways. 25．What is the best title for the text? A．Bricks Made for the Moon.B．Future Buildings on the Moon. C．China’s First Lunar Research Station. 二、任务型阅读 （2025·山东临沂·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，回答短文后面的各个小题。 We use bricks (砖) to make houses on Earth, but what about building things on the moon? Well, you use “lunar bricks”, of course! Scientists at the Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) have developed “lunar bricks”. They hope to use the bricks to build a base (基地) on the moon.To make the bricks, the scientists used a lunar soil simulant (模拟月壤). The bricks are three times stronger than normal concrete (混凝土) bricks or red bricks. They also have mortise and tenon joint structures (榫卯结构), which were used in ancient Chinese buildings. This makes it possible to simply put these bricks together, just like Lego. Lunar soil isn’t the same everywhere on the moon. The scientists had tested five different kinds of simulated (模拟的) lunar soil and used three ways to harden them. This helped them choose the best materials for making the bricks. The lunar bricks need to be tested well before being used because the moon has an extreme (极端的) environment Quakes (月震) often happen there, and cosmic radiation (宇宙辐射) is high. It gets as hot as 180 ℃ during the day and as cold as 190 ℃ at night. The lunar bricks was sent to China’s space station on the Tianzhou 8 spacecraft on November 15, 2024. There, scientists will check how well the bricks do in space. 26．Why are the lunar bricks developed? 27．Why is it necessary for the researchers to test different kinds of lunar soil simulants? 28．What will scientists do with the bricks on China’s space station? 29．Please give a title to the passage. 30．Do you think it is possible to build a base with lunar bricks on the moon in the near future? Why or why not? 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$