期末Unit 5-Unit 8 语法汇总课件2024-2025学年沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）八年级英语下册

2025八年级下期末考试语法汇总 20XX Unit 5-Unit 8 It is 形式主语从句 Unit 5 Grammar 本单元语法主要介绍和形容词有关的三个重要句型。 一、It’s + adj. + for / of sb. + to do sth. 语言观察 1. It is important for students to study hard. 对学生来说，努力学习是很重要的。 2. It is useful for us to learn English well. 对我们来说，学好英语很有用。 3. It is kind of you to help me with my English. 帮助我学习英语，你真是太好了。 3 4. It is cruel of them to kill animals. 杀害动物，他们真残忍。 来个小结：在此句型中，it 是句子的形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式 to do sth.。 * It’s adj. for sb. to do sth. 可与 Doing sth. is adj. for sb. 表达相似的句意。 例句：It is useful for us to learn English well. = Learning English well is useful for us. 4 二、adj. + enough + to do sth. 语言观察 1. She is strong enough to carry the heavy boxes by herself. 她足够强壮，可以自己搬运那些沉重的箱子。 2. He is not tall enough to take part in the high jump. 他不够高，参加不了跳高运动。 = He is too short to take part in the high jump. 5 3. The money is sufficient enough for him to buy a new car. 对他来说，这些钱足够让他买一辆新车了。 来个小结： 淤 adj. enough to do sth. 意为“足够……可以做某事”，在此结构中，enough 为副词，修饰形容词，放在其后。于 not adj. enough to do sth. 意为“不够……做某事”，可与 too ... to do sth. 表达相似的句意。盂 adj. enough for sb. to do sth. 表示“对某人来说，足够……来做……”。 6 跟踪练习 I. 在空白处填入介词 for 或 of，完成句子。 1. It’s exciting ________ fans to watch the World Cup matches this year. 2. It is kind ________ the children to do voluntary work. for of 7 3. It’s polite ________ Sarah to hold the door open for others. 4. It is difficult ________ the old to learn AI technologies. 5. It was careless ________ him to get the simple question wrong. of for of 8 跟踪练习 II. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 6. It’s kind of Ann ___________ (offer) me a ride to work every day. 7. It’s dangerous for a kid ___________ (walk) alone at night. 8. It’s wise of you ___________ (choose) a career that you like. to offer to walk to choose 9 9. The film is interesting enough ___________ (make) most people in the cinema ___________ (laugh) heartily. 10. ___________ (Travel) around the world is my dream. But it’s not easy for me ___________ (achieve) it without enough money and time. to make laugh Travelling to achieve 10 III. 同义句转换。 11. Listening to music after work is relaxing for people. __________ ___________ ___________ people ___________ listen to music after work. 12. It’s difficult for beginners to play the guitar well. __________ ___________ ___________ well ___________ difficult for beginners. It’s relaxing for to Playing the guitar is 11 13. The work is not easy enough to finish in an hour. The work is ___________ ___________ ___________ finish in an hour. 14. She is too weak to carry the heavy box. She is ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ carry the heavy box. too difficult to not strong enough to 12 I. 单项选择。 ( ) 1. He was weak and quiet. He was not fast enough __________ worms (虫子) Mama Bird brought back. A. get B. got C. getting D. to get ( ) 2. Jimmy is too young __________ good care of his sister. A. take B. taking C. to take D. took ( ) 3. It is nice __________ the old man to provide support __________ the poor. A. of; for B. of; with C. for; for D. for; with ( ) 4. It is possible __________ you __________ a lot of new friends if you join the club. A. for; making B. for; to make C. of; making D. of; to make ( ) 5. The new house has __________, so it is __________ for eight people to live in. A. enough rooms; big enough B. enough rooms; enough big C. rooms enough; big enough D. rooms enough; enough big II. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词，缩写算一词。 6. 以这种方式称大象，曹冲真是聪明。 __________ __________ __________ __________ Cao Chong __________ __________ the elephant in this way. 7. 这本书足够有趣，我可以读一整天。 The book is __________ __________ __________ me __________ read all day. It was clever of to weigh interesting enough for to 8. 这个袋子太小了，无法容纳这些书。 The bag is __________ __________ __________ __________ these books. 9. 汤姆还不够大，不能自己独自去上学。 Tom is __________ __________ __________ __________ go to school on his own. 10. 没有你的帮助，我们不可能完成这个工作。 _________ impossible __________ ________ _________ _________ the work without your help. too small to hold not old enough to It’s for us to finish III. 根据短文内容及汉语提示，翻译句子。 Animals share this planet with us. (11) _____________________ ________________________(保护野生动物对我们来说很重要). But some people don’t know this. They kill wild animals for their fur or meat. (12) ________________________________ (他们那样做太残忍了). To fix this problem, we need to do something. It’s important for us to protect animals in the wild It’s cruel of them to do that First, everyone should learn about wild animals and understand how important they are. (13) ____________________________________________ (一些人太忙了，没时间考虑动物), so we need to tell them why protecting animals matters. Second, the government (政府) should make laws to stop people from killing wild animals. (14)________________________________ _______________________ (政府努力去帮助动物，这很好). By doing these things, (15) ___________________________________________________ (这个世界将足够安全，以供动物居住). Some people are too busy to think about animals It’s good of the government to try to help animals the world will be safe enough for animals to live in 副词比较级，最高级 Unit 6 Grammar 方式副词的构成、用法及其比较级和最高级的形式和用法。 ◆ 方式副词的构成及其用法 21 【注意】 ♦有些单词可作形容词也可作副词，如：early, late, fast, high, well。 ♦hard 作形容词时，意为“辛苦的；硬的”，作副词时，意为“努力地；猛烈地”；hardly 是副词，意为“几乎不”。 ♦以“ly”结尾的形容词：friendly (友好的)，lovely (可爱的)，lively (生动的)，lonely (孤独的)，daily (日常的)等。 22 ♦副词的用法 副词在句子中可修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句。作状语，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。 例如：The girl laughed happily. (副词 happily 修饰动词 laughed) Her English is very good. (副词 very 修饰形容词 good) He did his work really carefully. (副词 really 修饰副词 carefully) Luckily, he won the race.(副词 Luckily 修饰整个句子) 23 ♦副词的比较级和最高级 1.副词的比较级和最高级的构成方法 2. 不规则变化 well-better-best little-less-least badly-worse-worst much-more-most far-farther / further-farthest / furthest 24 3. 副词的比较级和最高级的用法：与形容词的比较级和最高级的用法基本相同。比较级前可用下列修饰词：much, even, a lot, a little, far，如例 1；副词最高级前的 the 可省略，如例 2。 例 1. Seeing her mother, the girl cried even more loudly. 例 2. Ella behaves (the) most politely among the girls. 25 跟踪练习 I. 写出下列单词的副词形式。 1. quiet ________ 2. simple ________ 3. heavy ________ 4. full ________ 5. good ________ 6. nice ________ 7. happy ________ 8. hard ________ 9. gentle ________ quietly simply heavily fully well nicely happily hard gently 26 II. 写出下列副词的比较级和最高级形式。 10. early ________ ________ 11. little ________ ________ 12. hard ________ ________ 13. much ________ ________ 14. well ________ ________ 15. quickly ______________ ______________ earlier earliest less least harder hardest more most better best more quickly most quickly 27 III. 用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。 16. English is ______________ (wide) spoken in the world. 17. Eric studies ______________ (hard) in his class. 18. He did ______________ (bad) in the exam than his sister. 19. It rained so ______________ (heavy) that we couldn’t go out. 20. She talks ______________ (little) and listens more now. 21. Amy does her homework ______________ (carefully) among the girls. widely hardest worse heavily less most carefully 28 22. She closed the door _____________ (gentle) so as not to waken the baby. 23. I went to bed ____________ (late) than I planned last weekend. 24. The couple ______________ (secret) planned a surprise party for their son’s birthday. 25. Trains can travel _______________ (quick) between cities than buses. gently later secretly more quickly 29 I. 单项选择。 ( ) 1. The two kids ______________ climbed onto the rocks and looked over. A. care B. caring C. careful D. carefully ( ) 2. Little Six cried __________ while his brothers and sisters still fought hard, trying to fly up. A. happy B. happier C. happiness D. happily ( ) 3. Lily sang __________ at the school talent show. A. most beautiful B. more beautifully C. most beautifully D. beautiful ( ) 4. With the new engine, the car runs much __________. A. fast B. faster C. more faster D. more fast ( ) 5. — I could __________ believe it. Tom got the first prize. — Actually, he has been working very __________. A. hardly; hard B. hardly; hardly C. hard; hard D. hard; hardly II. 根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词。 6. 珍妮每天最早到校。 Jenny got to school ____________ every morning. 7. 她做家庭作业也最认真。 She also did the homework ____________ ____________. earliest most carefully 8. 但是，在英语考试中，她比很多学生都考得差。 However, she still ____________ ____________ ____________ many students in the English test. 9. 虽然她感到伤心，她还是继续努力学习。 She was sad, but she kept ____________ ____________. 10. 通过一年的努力，她现在比以前做得更好了。 With a year’s hard work, now she ___________ ____________ than before. did worse than studying hard does better III. 从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式填空，其中有一项多余。 Many teenagers find it hard to talk with their parents. When they disagree with their parents, they sometimes even shout at them (11) ___________. Do you have the same problem? Here is some advice for you. First, respect your parents even if they don’t do things (12) ___________. angrily correctly correct, angry, busy, much, well, patient If you have different opinions, you can explain your thoughts to them (13) ___________. Second, trust your parents. Of all the people around you, your parents love you (14) ___________ . Finally, enjoy some fun activities with them. By spending time together from time to time, you will understand each other (15) ___________. Hope you can get on well with your parents! patiently most better 原因状语从句 Unit 7 Grammar 本单元语法主要介绍原因状语从句的用法以及用 because of 陈述原因的方式。 ●语言观察 1. Since no one else saw these aliens, I refuse to believe you. 2. Since everyone is here, let’s start the meeting. 3. He knows a lot about medicine as he is a doctor. 38 4. They went to the park because the weather was nice. 5. — Why do you learn French? — Because I want to travel to France. 6. I like this book because of the interesting story. 39 ●语法大揭秘 ①原因状语从句用来说明事情发生的原因。从句常用连词 because, as和since引导。 ②从句可以放在主句后，如例句3和4；从句也可放在主句前，此时从句后需要加上逗号，如例句1和2。 ③as, since, because和because of 用法辨析 40 41 【注意】 1. since 也可表示“自......以来”，其引导的从句一般都采用一般过去时，而其主句经常使用现在完成时，例如: He has played the piano since he was five. 他从五岁就开始弹钢琴了。 2. as 也常用来引导时间状语从句，例如: She sang as she walked. 她走路的时候唱着歌。 42 跟踪练习 I.用because of, because, as或since填空。 1. ____________ it’s getting late, we should go home now. 2. She didn’t go to the beach ____________ she was afraid of the waves. 3. ____________ the traffic, we were late for the movie. 4. ____________ you were sleeping, I didn’t wake you up. 5. He has lived here ____________ he was a child. Since / As because Because of Since / As since 43 II.根据要求完成下列句子。 6. The outdoor game was stopped. It rained heavily yesterday. (用because of连接句子) __________________________________________________________________ 7. The girl is laughing because she won the game. (对划线部分提问) _______________________________________________________ The outdoor game was stopped because of the heavy rain yesterday. Why is the girl laughing? 44 8. She missed the bus, so she was late for work. (用because改写句子) _________________________________________________________ 9. It’s windy today. Please close all the windows. (请用合适的连词连接句子) _________________________________________________________ 10. I have learned a lot about history. I started reading this book last year. (请用合适的连词连接句子) __________________________________________________________________ She was late for work because she missed the bus. Since it’s windy today, please close all the windows. I have learned a lot about history since I started reading this book last year. 45 III.根据提示翻译以下句子。 11.因为天气很热，我们决定去海滩。(because) _________________________________________________________ 12.我们在公交上的时候，看到很多车开往海滩。(as) _________________________________________________________ Because the weather was hot, we decided to go to the beach. As we were on the bus, we saw many cars driving to the beach. 46 13.因为是假期，海滩很拥挤。(Since) _________________________________________________________ 14.因为美丽的天空，我们待得更久以享受这景色。(because of) _________________________________________________________ 15.自从我们到达这里以来，我们度过了一段美好的时光。(since) _________________________________________________________ Since it was a holiday, the beach was crowded. Because of the beautiful sky, we stayed longer to enjoy the view. We have had a good time since we arrived here. 47 I. 单项选择。 () 1. “Not so fast, Ben,” Dad said. “We need to save some of the old water, _______ Bob needs a place to stay while we clean the tank.” A. so B. or C. because D. but () 2. They have been friends _______ they met at school. A. becaus B. since C. as D. when () 3. _______ the teacher entered the classroom, the students became quiet. A. Or B. Although C. As D. So () 4. _______ the strong wind, the kite flew very high. A. Since B. As C. Because D. Because of () 5. _______ it’s cold outside, wear a jacket. A. Because of B. Or C. Since D. But II.根据所给的汉语内容，用英语完成下列句子。(每空限填一词) 6.我们决定待在家里，因为天气不好。 We __________ _______ ________ at home ________________ the weather was bad. 7.宇宙飞船不得不降落在火星上，因为它的引擎坏了。 The spaceship ___________ __________ ___________ __________ Mars __________________ its engines were damaged. decided to stay since / as / because had to land on since / as / becaus 8.因为天气预报一直在变，所以我对明天的天气没有把握。 I ___________ ___________ ___________ ___________ the weather tomorrow __________ __________ the changing weather forecast. 9. ——为什么她害怕地跑开了? ——因为她听到黑暗的小巷里传来一声巨响。 — Why did she __________ __________ __________ __________? — __________ she __________ a loud noise __________ from the dark alley. am not sure about because of run away in fear Because heard coming 10.自从她搬到北京以后,她已经学到了很多关于中国文化的知识。 ___________ she moved to Beijing, she ___________ ___________ a lot about Chinese culture. Since has learned III.根据短文内容及汉语提示，翻译句子。 My name is Anna, and I love my town. It’s a small place, but it’s full of friendly people. (11) ______________________________ (我从小时候起就住在这里). I like living here because the air is clean, and the parks are green. We have a big park near my house. (12) ______________________ ________________(因为这个公园，我们有了很多乐趣). We often go there on weekends. I have lived here since I was little Because of the park, we have a lot of fun (13) _____________________________________________________________ (因为我们镇上的天气变化很快), I always take an umbrella with me to school. As everyone knows, it can rain suddenly. Being prepared can make my day easier. There’s so much I love about this place, and one thing that makes me happy is my school. Why? (14) __________________________________ (因为我的老师们都很友好). They help us learn new things every day. (15) ___________________________________________________________ (我现在正在学习英语，因为它很重要). My English has improved a lot because of all the practice. I’m so happy to live and study here. Since / Because / As the weather in my town changes quickly Because my teachers are friendly I’m learning English now because / as / since it’s important 过去进行时 Unit 8 Grammar 语言观察 例1. I was reading a book at this time yesterday. 例2. She wasn’t studying from nine to ten last night. 例3. — Were you cooking dinner when I arrived? — Yes, I was. / — No, I wasn’t 例4. What were you doing at that time? 例5. While I was driving my old car, I was polluting the city. 结论：上面的例句都使用了过去进行时，其构成是：was / were doing 57 ★过去进行时的句式结构 58 ★过去进行时的用法 59 【注意】when和while意为“当......的时候”时，when后面可以接短暂性动词的一般过去时态，也可以接持续性动词的过去进行时态；而while后面通常接持续性动词的过去进行时态，且可以连接两个同时在进行的动作。 例如：While / When the children were sleeping, their parents were preparing for the trip. Dad was reading when I came. 60 跟踪练习 I. 按要求完成下列各题。 1. We were having dinner when the power went out. (改为否定句) We _______________ _______________ _______________ dinner when the power went out. 2. They were watching a movie at 8:00 last night.(改为一般疑问句) _____________ they _____________ a movie at 8:00 last night? were not having Were watching 61 3. He was playing basketball when it started to rain. (对划线部分提问) _____________ _____________ he _____________ when it started to rain? 4. Was John doing his homework the whole morning?(作肯定回答) _______________, _______________ _______________. 5. At 7:00 am yesterday, Lucy was running in the park. (对划线部分提问) _______________ _______________ _______________ in the park at 7:00 am yesterday? What was doing Yes he was Who was running 62 II.用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 6. I didn’t pick her up at the airport, because I ______________ (work) at that time. 7. They ____________ (play) baseball from 3 to 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon. 8. The young girl ____________ (do) voluntary work for over 200 hours! 9. ____________ the bell __________ (ring) while you __________ (do) your homework last night? 10. I _______________ (not answer) your phone yesterday, because I _______________ (wash) the dishes at that time. was working were playing has done Did ring were doing didn’t answer was washing 63 III.根据句意，从方框中选择合适的单词并用其适当形式完成下列句子。 11. When I called Amy, she _____________ a letter to her friend. 12. They _____________ a party last night and it was successful. was writing held drive, write, talk, hold, clean 64 13. While my dad _____________ the car, my mom was listening to music. 14. The students _____________ about their project when the teacher walked in. 15. _____________ you __________ your room when the phone rang? was driving were talking Were cleaning 65 I. 单项选择。 () 1. One said to the other, “Look at that farmer. I feel very sorry for him. He works so hard in the field, but now it _________ up. I wish I might help him.” A. dry B. is drying C. dried D. was drying () 2. Grandma ______ in the chair by the window when she opened one little eye and said, “Now you heard what your mother said, George.” A. sleep B. sleeps C. is sleeping D. was sleeping () 3. — I ___________ you at 3 p.m. yesterday, but you didn’t answer. — I ___________ an experiment on Chemistry in the school lab. A. called; was doing B. called; am doing C. call; did D. call; do () 4. They _____________ a rest when the earthquake happened. A. having B. are having C. were having D. have () 5. What __________ you __________ when I __________ at your door at ten yesterday? A. do; do; was knocking B. were; doing; knocked C. are; doing; was knocking D. was; doing; knocked II.根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词，缩写算一词。 6.当火车到达的时候，他们正在站台上等车。 When the train _________, they _________ _________ on the platform. 7.昨天下午两点到四点，我和我妈妈正在公园野餐。 My mother and I ___________ ___________ a picnic from 2:00 pm to 4:00 pm yesterday. arrived were waiting were having 8.昨天的这个时候你在弹吉他吗? _________ you _________ __________ guitar at this time yesterday? 9.昨天我正在把面粉和水混合做面团，这时电话铃响了。 Yesterday I ____________ ___________ flour ____________ water to make dough when the phone rang. 10.上周日晚上8点，他没有在玩电脑游戏，而是在做作业。 At 8:00 pm last Sunday, he _________ ____________ computer games. Instead, he ___________ ____________ his homework. Were playing the was mixing with wasn’t playing was doing III.根据括号中的提示翻译句子，完成短文。 Last weekend was very busy for me. On Saturday morning, (11) ___________________________________________ (我帮助我妈妈做了很多家务). In the afternoon, my friends came to my home, and we played games together. At that time, (12) ________________________________ (我妹妹正在画画). Later, we all went to the park. (13) ___________________________ __________(我妈妈正在做晚餐) when we got home. After dinner, we watched a movie. I helped my mother do a lot of housework my sister was drawing a picture My mother was cooking dinner My brother was playing with his toys (14) _____________________________ ________(当我们看电影的时候). On Sunday, I visited my grandparents. (15) __________________________________________(他们正在花园里种花) when I arrived. It was a great weekend! while we were watching the movie They were planting flowers in the garden $$