Unit 3 Progress? 重点词汇归纳 清单-2024-2025学年高中英语沪教版（2020）必修第二册

学科网（北京）股份有限公司 Unit 3 · 1. alarming adj. 惊人的；使人惊恐的 We’re all heard that the global temperature is rising at an alarming rate. [词形转换] 1）alarm v. 使惊恐，使害怕 n. 恐慌；警报；闹钟 in alarm 惊恐地 All of a sudden, a loud noise came from downstairs, making Ellie cry out in alarm. raise/ sound the alarm 发出警报 I knocked on all the doors to raise the alarm. 2）alarmed adj. 惊恐的 be alarmed at/ by 因某事而担心 · 2. rate 1）n. 速度，比率 at a(n)…rate 以…速度 Babies do not grow at a steady rate but in stops and starts. at any rate（强调事情的真实性）无论如何，不管怎样 at this/ that rate 照此情形，如此下去 2）v. 评价；划分等级 How do you rate him as a football player ? · 3. predict v. 预测；预言；预料 be predicted to do sth. 预计做某事 In fact, the famous glaciers are predicted to disappear by 2050. It is predicted that… 据预测… It is predicted that the demand for energy in the next decade will be doubled. [词形转换] 1）predictable adj. 可预见的 2）prediction n. 预测；预言 make (a) prediction(s) 进行预测 · 4. hunting n. 打猎；寻找 house-hunting 找房子 job-hunt 找工作；求职 [词形转换] 1）hunt ① v. 寻找；打猎 hunt for 搜寻某物 Detectives are busy hunting for clues. · 5. figure 1）n. ① 数据，数字 They based this estimate upon the figures for the last three years. ② 人影 According to the children playing around, a tall figure in black sneaked into the house. ③ 身材；罗扩 She was small in figure but strong in will. ④ 图表 What information can you get from the figure ? ⑤ 人物 2）v. 认为；认定；计算 figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；计算（数量或成本） Have you figured out how much the trip will cost ? · 6. significantly adv. 有意义地；显著地；明显地 The two sets of figures are not significantly different. [词形转换] 1）significant adj. 有重大意义的；显著的 It is significant that girls generally do better in examinations than boys. 2）significance n. 重要性 · 7. unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的；陌生的 Please highlight any terms that are unfamiliar to you. [词形转换] 1）familiar adj. 熟悉的 sb. be familiar with… 对…熟悉 The writer tells us that the best way to overcome culture shock is to get familiar with new culture. sth. be familiar to… 为…熟悉 The smell is very familiar to everyone who lives near a bakery. 2）familiarity n. 熟悉，通晓 3）familiarize v. 了解；（使）熟悉 familiarize…with… 使…熟悉某物，使…了解某物 · 8. threaten v. 威胁 threaten to do sth. 威胁/扬言要某事 Our neighbor threatened to call the police if we didn’t stop the noise. threaten sb. with sth. 用某事威胁某人 The attacker threatened them with a gun. [词形转换] 1）threat n. 威胁，恐吓 pose a threat to… 对…构成威胁 Pollution poses a threat to the continued existence of this species. under threat (from…) 受到（来自…的）威胁 These ancient woodlands are under threat from new road developments. 2）threatening adj. 威胁到，恐吓的 3）threatened adj. 受到威胁的，感到危险的 · 9. extinction n. 灭绝，绝种 We know of several mass extinctions in the earth’s history. [词形转换] 1）extinct adj. 灭绝的；不再存在的 2）extinguish v. 熄灭；消灭 3）extinguisher n. 灭火器 · 10. admit 1）v.（常指勉强）承认 admit (to) sth. 承认某事 Everyone may make mistakes. We should have the courage to admit (to) our mistakes. admit (to sb.) (that…)（向某人）承认… admit (to) doing sth./ having done sth. 承认做了某事 She apologized to me and admitted (to) taking my umbrella by mistake. 2）v. 准许…进入；接收（入学），准许…加入（俱乐部、组织）；接收…入院，收治 admit…to/ into… 准许…进入… be admitted to/ into… 被…录取；被…接纳；成为…的一员 Only ticket-holders will be admitted into the stadium. [词形转换] 1）admission n. 承认；入场费 gain admission to/ into… 获准进入/加入… This card will make you gain admission to/ into the exhibition. · 11. measure 1）n. 措施，方法；判断，衡量 take measures to do 采取措施做某事 = take steps/ actions to do We should take measures to improve our environment. 2）v. 测量，度量；估量，衡量 measure…by… 用…衡量… Education shouldn’t be measured purely by examination results. 3）linking verb（指尺寸、长短、数量等）量度为 The blackboard measure three meters long and one meter wide. [注] measure 表示此意义作后置定语和状语时，要用-ing形式 Do you know the history of that bridge measuring as long as 200 meters ? · 12. contrast 1）n. 对比，对照 make a contrast with… 与…形成对比 The white walls malls make a strong contrast with the black carpet. in contrast to… 和…对比 In contrast to city life, time seems to pass very slowly in the countryside. by/ in contrast 相比之下 2）v. 对比，对照 contrast A with/ and B 对比A和B If you contrast some of her early writing with her later work, you can see how much she has improved. contrast (strikingly/ sharply) with… 与…形成对比 Her actions contrasted sharply with her promises. · 13. imply v. 暗示；说明 It is implied that… 意味着/表明… It is implied that were at fault. · 14. major 1）adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 We have encountered major problems. 2）n. 主修课程 3）v. 主修 major in 主修… My daughter majors in maths at university. [词形转换] 1）majority n. 大多数；大部分 be in the/ a majority 占大多数 · 15. desire 1）n. 愿望，欲望，渴望 have no desire for sth. 没有对某物的渴望 have no desire to do sth. 没有做某事的渴望 2）v. 渴望，期望 desire (sb.) to do sth. 渴望（某人）做某事 · 16. reduce v. 减少 reduce…to… 把…减少到… Our expenses have been reduced to 2000 yuan one month. reduce…by… 把…减少了 They reduced the prices by 30%. You had better go and buy something in a hurry. 1）reduce…to… 使沦为，使陷入窘境（常用被动） be reduced to tears 流下眼泪 Jenny was reduced to tears by her teacher’s criticism. be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟 The old building has been reduced to ruins, smelly and dirty. [词形转换] 1）reduction n. 减少，降低 make a reduction 减少；减价 · 17. design 1）v. 设计；计划；构思 design…for… 为…设计… She designed a new logo for the company. be designed to do 是为做某事而设计的 The programme is designed to help people who have been out of work for a long time. be designed as… 被设计为… 2）n. 设计；布局；构思；计划 by design 故意地 [词形转换] 1）designer n. 设计师；构思者 · 18. balance 1）n. 平衡；均衡；天平；余额 keep/ lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡 When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his balance. 2）v.（使）保持平衡；（使）均衡；（使）相抵；权衡 balance A with/ and B 同等重视A和B She tries to balance home life and career. balance A against B 权衡A与B You have to balance the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantages. [词形转换] 1）balanced adj. 平衡的；均衡的 2）imbalance n. 失衡；不平衡 · 19. graduate 1）v. 毕业 graduate in + 专业 从…专业毕业 graduate from + 学校 从…学校毕业 He graduated in physics from Cambridge University. 2）n. 毕业生 [词形转换] 1）graduation n.（大学或美国高中的）毕业 · 20. concerned adj. 担心的，忧虑的；感兴趣的，关注的；（与某事）有关的，有牵连的 be concerned for/ about… 担心…, 忧虑… The boy is in poor health and his parents are quite concerned about him. be concerned about/ with… 关注…, 对…感兴趣 The people running these factories are very concerned about the government’s economic policy. as far as sb’s concerned 就某人看来 [词形转换] 1）concern v. 涉及；与…有关；担忧 n. 担心；关心 concern oneself with/ about… 关心 concern for/ about/ over 对…的关注/担心 2）concerning prep. 涉及；关于 · 21. tear 1）n. 泪水，眼泪 be in tears 流泪；哭泣 move sb. to tears 使某人感动落泪 burst into tears 突然大哭 = burst out crying The mother burst into tears the moment she heard the news. fight/ hold back tears 强忍泪水 reduce sb. to tears 使某人哭泣 She was reduced to tears because of sadness. 2）v. 撕开；扯破；撕掉 tear apart 撕碎，撕开；使分崩离析 War and revolution have torn many families apart. tear down 拆毁；推倒 They tore down many old buildings in the past decades. tear up 把…撕碎 He tore up the letter as soon as he had read it. · 22. process 1）n. 过程 in the process 在…过程中 I was moving some furniture and I twisted my ankle in the process. 2）v. 加工，处理 It will take a week for your application to be processed. 2）procession n. 队列，行列；游行 [词形转换] 1）proceed v. 行进；前往；继续做 proceed to sth. 进而做（参加）；去往某地 Now that this question has been solved, can we proceed to the next one ? proceed with sth. 继续某事 We’re not sure whether we still want to proceed with his ambition. proceed to do 接着做某事 He outlined his plans and then proceed to explain them in more details. · 23. contact 1）v.（通过信件或电话）联系；接触 2）n. 联系；接触 make contact with 与…取得联系 =（get into contact with） I finally made contact with her in Paris. stay/ keep in contact with 与…保持联系 The internet helps us keep/ stay in contact with our friends. be in contact with sb. 与某人有联系 lose contact with 与…失去联系 She’s lost contact with her son since he went into the desert. come into contact with 与…接触 · 24. advertisement n. 广告 Put an advertisement in the local paper to sell your car. [词形转换] 1）advertise v. 做广告 advertise for… 为…做广告 We are currently advertising for a new sales manager. 2）advertising n. 广告业 · 25. grateful adj. 感激地，感谢的；表示感谢的 be grateful (to sb.) for sth. 因某事感激（某人） I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help. be grateful to do sth. 因为做某事而感激 She seems to think that I should be grateful to have a job at all. I would be grateful if you… 如果你能…，我将感激不尽 I would be grateful if you would send me the book immediately. [词形转换] 1）gratitude n. 感激 · 26. exchange 1）v. 交换；兑换 exchange A for B 用A换取B You can exchange your pounds for dollars in the hotel. exchange sth. with sth. 和某人交换/交流某事 I shook hands and exchanged a few words with the manager. 2）n. 交换；兑换 in exchange (for…) 作为（对…）的交换 They sold eggs in exchange for salt and tea. · 27. range 1）n. 一系列；范围，界限；山脉 a wide/ full range of 各种个样的 This school provides a full range of activities for students. in/ within range (of…) 在（…的）范围 out of/ beyond range (of…) The price was out of/ beyond our range, so we declined. 2）v.（在一定范围内）变动，变化；包括；排列 range from…to… 包括… My brother has a number of interests, ranging from playing chess to swimming. range between…and…在…到…范围内变动 The population of these cities ranges between 3 million and 5 milliion. 3）vi./ vt. 徘徊，漫步，四处移动 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$