课时冲关(5)(Word练习)-【金榜题名】2026年高考英语一轮总复习（北师大版2019）

课时冲关5　UNIT 5　HUMANS AND NATURE 汈汈汈汈汈 Ⅰ.完形填空 主题语境：人与自然 题裁：记叙文 话题：树林中迷路 　　I'd been exploring the 40­hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well.So it was a __1__ when I found myself lost there. One dull cold February afternoon, I had a sudden __2__ to hike the hill with my two daughters.Putting on our snowshoes, we immediately __3__ northwestward.While making our way up the hill, my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds...These really made their __4__． As the shadows started to __5__， we moved further up.Soon, weariness began to __6__ enthusiasm.We decided to return.Instead of backtracking over our __7__ route, I chose to walk down the steep (陡峭的) side of the hill, __8__ my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road.But as the terrain (地形) leveled out, I had my first major moment of__9__： Where was the stream? Were we off course? I instinctively (本能地) pulled out my phone to get my location, but it __10__ in my hand in the cold air.__11__， I started feeling a bit panicky.However, I quickly __12__ myself, reassuring my daughters to continue walking.Focusing on the landmarks, I spotted a familiar tree and eventually __13__ the road. That winter's day taught me a valuable lesson about habitual reliance on technology.If my phone had __14__ then, I might have directly followed the GPS, ignoring the old __15__ of depending on surroundings and life skills. 1．A.challenge　　　　　　B．shock C．reward D．reminder 2．A.discovery B．response C．worry D．urge 3．A.escaped B．drove C．headed D．looked 4．A.reputation B．dream C．day D．way 5．A.lengthen B．swing C．emerge D．fade 6．A.fuel B．witness C．overlook D．outpace 7．A.original B．rough C．offbeat D．roundabout 8．A.appreciating B．trusting C．envisioning D．assessing 9．A.curiosity B．comparison C．doubt D．anticipation 10．A.died B．slipped C．flashed D．rang 11．A.Reportedly B．Admittedly C．Seemingly D．Surprisingly 12．A.exposed B．composed C．defended D．behaved 13．A.got off B．laid down C．came across D．made out 14．A.worked B．remained C．changed D．overheated 15．A.theory B．standard C．practice D．routine [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和女儿们一起探索自己十分熟悉的树林，返回时他选择了一条不同的下山路线，希望能找到一条小溪作为引导，却迷路了，手机也因为寒冷而无法使用，这让作者感到恐慌。在冷静下来后，他依靠对环境的观察找到了回家的路。这次经历让他意识到过度依赖科技可能会忽视传统的生存技能和环境观察能力。 1．B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以当我发现自己迷失在那里时，我很震惊。A.challenge挑战；B.shock震惊；C.reward奖励；D.reminder 提醒。根据上文“I'd been exploring the 40­hectare woods around our cottage my whole life and I knew the way well.”可知，作者很熟悉这里的路，因此发现自己迷失在那里时，他会很震惊。故选B。 2．D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：二月里一个阴冷的下午，我突然有一种冲动，想和两个女儿一起去爬山。A.discovery发现；B.response回应；C.worry担忧；D.urge冲动。根据下文“to hike the hill with my two daughters”以及接下来叙述的他们的确去爬山了可知，作者是我突然有一种冲动，想和两个女儿一起去爬山。故选D。 3．C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：穿上雪鞋，我们立即向西北方向行进。A.escaped逃脱；B.drove 驾驶；C.headed朝(某方向)行进；D.looked 看。根据上文“to hike the hill with my two daughters”可知，作者是想和两个女儿一起去爬山，因此是向西北方向行进。故选C。 4．C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些真的让她们很开心。A.reputation声誉；B.dream梦想；C.day日子；D.way方式。根据上文“my daughters stopped occasionally to investigate unknown plants and to look at the abandoned deer beds”可知，作者的女儿偶尔会停下来调查未知的植物，看看被遗弃的鹿床，可推知她们会很开心，固定短语make one's day意为“让某人开心”。故选C。 5．A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着影子开始拉长，我们继续向上移动。A.lengthen延长；B.swing摇摆；C.emerge出现；D.fade褪色。根据上文“As the shadows started to”可推知，影子应该是开始拉长，表明时间在流逝，天色变晚。故选A。 6．D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，疲倦开始超过热情。A.fuel(给……)提供燃料；B.witness 目击；C.overlook俯瞰；D.outpace超越。根据下文“We decided to return.”可知，他们准备返回，因此是疲倦开始超过热情。故选D。 7．A　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没有沿着原来的路线折回，而是选择沿着陡峭的山坡走下去，相信我的直觉，我们前面有一条小溪，它会指引我们走向大路。A.original原来的；B.rough粗糙的；C.offbeat另类的；D.roundabout 迂回的。根据下文“I chose to walk down the steep (陡峭的) side of the hill”可知，作者选择沿着陡峭的山坡走下去，因此是没有沿着原来的路线折回。故选A。 8．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有沿着原来的路线折回，而是选择沿着陡峭的山坡走下去，相信我的直觉，我们前面有一条小溪，它会指引我们走向大路。A.appreciating欣赏；B.trusting 相信；C.envisioning想象；D.assessing 评估。根据上文“I chose to walk down the steep (陡峭的) side of the hill”和下文“my general sense that ahead of us lay the stream that would guide us to the road”可推知，作者选择一条新的路线是因为相信自己的直觉，认为可以沿着小溪走向大路。故选B。 9．C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着地势逐渐平坦，我第一次产生了怀疑：小溪在哪里？我们偏离路线了吗？A.curiosity好奇心；B.comparison 比较；C.doubt怀疑；D.anticipation 期待。根据下文“Where was the stream? Were we off course？”可知，作者有很多问题，对自己产生了怀疑。故选C。 10．A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我本能地掏出手机想要找到我的位置，但手机在冰冷的空气中死机了。A.died停止运转；B.slipped滑倒；C.flashed闪烁；D.rang响起。根据下文“I started feeling a bit panicky”可知，作者开始感到有点恐慌，可推知手机没法使用，应该是在冰冷的空气中死机了。故选A。 11．B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：无可否认，我开始感到有点恐慌。A.Reportedly据说；B.Admittedly 不可否认地；C.Seemingly表面上；D.Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据上文“I instinctively (本能地) pulled out my phone to get my location, but it __10__ in my hand in the cold air.”可知，作者原本想用手机导航，但是手机应该是无法使用，因此不可否认地，作者的确有点恐慌。故选B。 12．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：不过，我很快镇定下来，安慰女儿们继续走下去。A.exposed 暴露；B.composed使镇静；C.defended 辩护；D.behaved行为。根据下文“reassuring my daughters to continue walking”可知，作者安慰女儿们继续走下去，可推知他应该是让自己镇定下来了，固定短语compose oneself意为“使自己镇定下来”。故选B。 13．D　考查动词短语辨析。句意：盯着路标，我发现了一棵熟悉的树，终于辨认出了那条路。A.got off下车；B.laid down躺下；C.came across偶遇；D.made out辨认出。根据上文“I spotted a familiar tree”可知，作者发现了一棵熟悉的树，因此可以辨认出回去的那条路。故选D。 14．A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我的手机那时还能工作，我可能会直接跟着GPS走，而忽略依赖环境和生活技能的传统做法。A.worked 工作；B.remained保持；C.changed改变；D.overheated(使)过热。根据下文“I might have directly followed the GPS”可知，此处是对过去的事实做出相反的假设，指如果那时手机那时还能工作的话，就会直接跟着GPS走。故选A。 15．C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我的手机那时还能工作，我可能会直接跟着GPS走，而忽略依赖环境和生活技能的传统做法。A.theory 理论；B.standard标准；C.practice通常的做法；D.routine例行公事。根据上文“Focusing on the landmarks, I spotted a familiar tree”可知，作者是通过盯着路标发现熟悉的树，再结合下文“of depending on surroundings and life skills”可推知，此处指依赖环境和生活技能的传统做法。故选C。 Ⅱ.七选五 主题语境：人与自然 体裁：说明文 话题：处理贝壳的方法 　　When we eat some popular kinds of shellfish, we leave behind large amounts of shells.However, these shells are no longer thrown into waste containers.___1__ In the U．S., shells cast aside in restaurants and other businesses are being collected, cleaned and thrown back into waterways.___2__ One of the latest projects on oysters (牡蛎) takes place in Atlantic City, New Jersey.The shells were put into the state's Mullica River and help form new or expanded oyster groups.Free­floating baby oysters connect to the shells and grow on them. ___3__ It has also helped eateries save money on dealing with their shells, according to Scott Stueber, a fisheries biologist with the Department of Environmental Protection. ___4__ In nature, oysters are cleaners.One adult oyster can remove pollutants from about 190 liters of water a day.So oysters can improve water quality.Oyster groups also are being planted along some coastlines to strengthen shores.Besides, oyster reefs can protect shorelines.Such reefs can also be homes for sea creatures and provide food for humans. Communities, environmental groups and govemments around the world have had oyster reefs recycled and replanted in recent years.__5__ For example, each year in Maryland, about 70 cubic meters of recycled shells are tumed into oyster groups.Since 2009, the Harte Research Institute at Texas A & M University has collected about 800，000 kilograms of shells and rebuilt about 100，000 square meters of oyster reefs. A．And most of them end up in waterways. B．It's happening in many states of the United States. C．The shells form a new living place for sea creatures. D．The Mullica River is actually home to some of the oysters. E．Several projects now aim to put them back into waterways. F．The project has kept about 60，000 kilograms of shells out of landfills. G．Despite the economic benefits, the main goal is to improve the environment. [语篇解读]　本文是说明文。讲述了一种处理吃完的贝类留下贝壳的方法，把贝壳重新扔回水道，不仅有经济效益，而且对环境有益。 1．E　上文“When we eat some popular kinds of shellfish, we leave behind large amounts of shells.However, these shells are no longer thrown into waste containers.(当我们吃一些受欢迎的贝类时，我们会留下大量的贝壳。然而，这些贝壳不再被扔进废物箱。)”说明贝壳不再被扔进垃圾桶，下文“In the U．S., shells cast aside in restaurants and other businesses are being collected, cleaned and thrown back into waterways.(在美国，扔在餐馆和其他商业场所的贝壳正在被收集、清理，然后扔回水路。)”说明丢弃的贝壳被扔回水里，因此推断E项“现在有几个项目旨在将它们重新投入水路。”符合语境，承上启下。 2．C　上文“In the U．S., shells cast aside in restaurants and other businesses are being collected, cleaned and thrown back into waterways.(在美国，扔在餐馆和其他商业场所的贝壳正在被收集、清理，然后扔回水路。)”说明丢弃的贝壳被扔回水里，下文“The shells were put into the state's Mullica River and help form new or expanded oyster groups.Free­floating baby oysters connect to the shells and grow on them.(这些贝壳被放入该州的穆里卡河，帮助形成新的或扩大的牡蛎群。自由漂浮的小牡蛎与贝壳相连，并在它们上面生长。)”举例说明这些丢弃的贝壳扔回水道的用处，空格处也是讲述被扔回水道的贝壳的用处，因此推断C项“这些贝壳为海洋生物提供了一个新的居住地。”符合语境。 3．F　上文“The shells were put into the state's Mullica River and help form new or expanded oyster groups.Free­floating baby oysters connect to the shells and grow on them.(这些贝壳被放入该州的穆里卡河，帮助形成新的或扩大的牡蛎群。自由漂浮的小牡蛎与贝壳相连，并在它们上面生长。)”举例说明这些丢弃的贝壳扔回水道的用处，下文“It has also helped eateries save money on dealing with their shells, according to Scott Stueber, a fisheries biologist with the Department of Environmental Protection.(环境保护部的渔业生物学家斯科特·斯图伯(Scott Stueber)说，这也帮助餐馆节省了处理贝壳的钱。)”说明了这样处理贝壳的好处，因此推断空格处也是讲述这个项目，F项中的“The project”呼应语境，因此推断F项“该项目保留了约6万公斤的贝壳不被填埋。”符合语境。 4．G　上文“It has also helped eateries save money on dealing with their shells, according to Scott Stueber, a fisheries biologist with the Department of Environmental Protection.(环境保护部的渔业生物学家斯科特·斯图伯(Scott Stueber)说，这也帮助餐馆节省了处理贝壳的钱。)”说明了这样处理贝壳的好处，可以给餐馆省钱，带来经济效益，下文“In nature, oysters are cleaners.(在自然界，牡蛎是清洁工。)”说明牡蛎可以清洁环境，因此推断G项“尽管有经济效益，主要目标还是改善环境。”符合语境，承上启下。说明这样做不仅有经济效益对环境也有好处。 5．B　上文“Communities, environmental groups and govemments around the world have had oyster reefs recycled and replanted in recent years.(近年来，世界各地的社区、环保组织和政府都对牡蛎礁进行了回收和重新种植。)”说明许多地方回收牡蛎贝壳，下文“For example, each year in Maryland, about 70 cubic meters of recycled shells are tumed into oyster groups.(例如，在马里兰州，每年大约有70立方米的回收贝壳被制成牡蛎群。)”举例说明了美国的马里兰州回收牡蛎壳，因此推断B项“美国的许多州都有这种情况。”符合语境，说明美国许多州回收牡蛎贝壳。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$