课时冲关(4)(Word练习)-【金榜题名】2026年高考英语一轮总复习（北师大版2019）

课时冲关4　UNIT 4　INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (这是单页眉，请据需要手工删加) (这是双页眉，请据需要手工删加) Ⅰ.阅读A 主题语境：人与社会 题裁：说明文 话题：摄影术对视觉文化和艺术创作的影响 　　In 1835, William Talbot finally succeeded in producing a photograph of his country house.He declared that his was the first house ever known to have drawn its own picture.The drawing was formed “by the action of light upon sensitive paper.” Photography offered nature a “pencil” to paint herself through optical (光学的) and chemical means alone. By the mid­nineteenth century, people no longer needed to hire a draftsman to draw detailed images because the process could be completed instantly with a camera.Advocates for the technology stated that not only was it more precise than the human hand — it was faster and cheaper. The removal of human fallibility in the creating process was one of photography's biggest selling points, but this also started debates about the new medium's implications for visual culture.Could images made largely by a machine be considered art? If so, where did human creativity fit in this process? As the twenty­first century becomes increasingly automated, more and more people attempt to identify where human agency exists in the technologically driven world.Images generated with artificial intelligence by companies like OpenAI are stimulating questions like those that emerged with the coming of the photograph.By typing a sentence, users can generate “new” images composed from images collected across the Internet.The result has been a flood of AI generated images in places that are previously unique to human authors.Painting competitions, commercial graphic design and the fashion of portraiture (肖像) have all since collided (碰撞) with the technology in troubling ways. The fine arts were thought to be a final hold­out of human creativity, but the surprisingly high quality of AI­generated images is producing deeper questions about the nature of originality.If the history of photography tells us anything, it's that the debate won't be settled quickly, straightforwardly, or by the institutions we typically associate with cultural gate keeping. 1．Why did Talbot declare that his house had drawn its own picture? A．To downplay human factors in the creation. B．To investigate a supernatural phenomenon. C．To show his advanced knowledge in science. D．To demonstrate the beauty of his country house. 2．What does the underlined word “fallibility” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Expecting a high price. B．Detailing the images. C．Being likely to make errors. D．Becoming sensitive to light. 3．What do Open AI and cameras have in common? A．They improve the taste of beauty. B．They advocate fashion designs. C．They challenge human agency. D．They produce original images. 4．What did the author indicate by referring to the history of photography? A．Cultural gatekeepers will solve the issue as they did. B．AI­generated images will go through a similar debate. C．The nature of originality will be held in human hands. D．The fine arts will include photography and AI images. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了摄影术自诞生以来对视觉文化和艺术创作的影响，以及这一影响如何在人工智能生成图像的当代背景下重演。 1．A　推理判断题。根据文章第一段“He declared that his was the first house...herself through optical and chemical means alone.(他宣称他的房子是已知的第一个自己画房子的房子。这幅画是“光在感光纸上的作用”形成的。摄影为大自然提供了一支“铅笔”，仅通过光学和化学手段为自己作画)”可知，William Talbot在强调摄影作为一种新技术，能够通过非人为直接操作的方式捕捉图像，从而降低了人在创作过程中的介入程度。由此推知，William Talbot宣称他的房子画了自己的画是为了淡化创作中的人为因素。故选A。 2．C　词句猜测题。根据文章第二段空前“The removal of human(消除人类的)”及空后“in the creating process(在创造过程中)”可推知，摄影最大的卖点之一是它可以减少在创作过程中人为错误的可能性。由此可知，划线词与C项“很可能犯错误”意义相近。故选C。 3．C　细节理解题。根据文章第四段“As the twenty­first century becomes...with the coming of the photograph.(随着21世纪自动化程度的不断提高，越来越多的人试图在技术驱动的世界中确定人类能动性的存在位置。OpenAI等公司利用人工智能生成的图像，正如摄影术出现时一样，引发了诸多问题)”可知，OpenAI和相机的共同之处在于都挑战了人类的能动性。故选C。 4．B　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“If the history of photography tells us anything, it's that the debate won't be settled quickly, straightforwardly, or by the institutions we typically associate with cultural gate keeping.(如果说摄影的历史告诉了我们什么，那就是这场争论不会很快、直截了当地得到解决，也不会由我们通常与文化把关联系在一起的机构来解决)”可推知，作者提到摄影的历史是想说明人工智能生成的图像将经历类似的辩论。故选B。 阅读B 主题语境：人与社会 题裁：记叙文 话题：科技帮助找回遗失的背包 　　There I was, after 12 hours of travel, standing on Lexington Avenue and hoping for a New York miracle.I'd only been in Manhattan for an hour.and already I was flagging down a taxi late at night and shouting “Follow that cab! ” Well, more accurately: “Follow that little dot on this tiny map.” Meaning the GPS­enabled dot moving around a screen as part of the Find My iPhone feature.The dot indicating that somewhere out there, in one of New York City's other 13，000 taxi cabs, sat my daughter's blue bag that she'd left behind, containing her diary, school laptop, notebooks, iPhone and AirPods she'd bought with her saved­up allowance. The daughter who at that very moment was curled up on the hotel bed, regretting her thoughtlessness, in tears.I was a small­town dad in a huge, unfamiliar metropolis (大都市), with maybe half an idea of what I was doing, at best.But I couldn't stand to see her crying.I had to get that bag back. An explanation is in order: at the airport terminal, we'd had to switch to another taxicab to get a ride into Manhattan.Our first taxi driver quoted us a fare higher than it should cost, and when I asked why, he immediately threw us out of his cab.We piled into the next waiting taxi.It wasn't until getting to our hotel, an hour later, that we realized the first taxi driver had sped away with the bag inside. While I called 311(非紧急情况电话), my wife remembered she'd set up tracking on our daughter's phone in case of emergencies, and pulled up its map, excited to discover a little dot that refreshed every 15 seconds or so, traveling around the streets of midtown.Talking to the woman working 311, I casually remarked, “I'm half­tempted (诱惑) to get another cab and have them chase after this dot on the map.” “Well，” she said, “that's probably what a New Yorker would do.” Challenge accepted.The first taxi driver that pulled over laughed at my wild goose chase, but the second said, “Yeah.Get in.” His name was Gani.And so began our three­hour hunt for the missing bag. 5．How did the author discover that his daughter's bag was lost? A．They realized it when they got to the hotel. B．The daughter called and told him. C.He saw the taxi driver speeding away with the bag. D．They found the bag was missing when they got into the taxi. 6．How did the daughter feel when she found out her bag was lost? A．Disappointed.　　　　B．Cross. C．Discouraged. D．Panicky. 7．What did the author consider doing after discovering the dot on the map? A．Continuing to call 311. B．Waiting for the dot to come to him. C．Finding another cab to pursue the dot. D．Giving up on looking for the lost item. 8．Which of the following would the author probably agree with? A．People in big cities were more helpful than his hometown. B．Technology could sometimes make a difference. C．New York was a dangerous and scary city. D．He was close to quitting tracking the bag's location. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在纽约市为了找回女儿遗失的背包，通过GPS追踪技术，在出租车司机的帮助下，经历了一系列冒险和困难，最终成功找回背包的故事。 5．A　细节理解题。根据文章第四段“It wasn't until getting to our hotel, an hour later, that we realized the first taxi driver had sped away with the bag inside.(一小时后，我们到了酒店，才意识到第一辆出租车司机已经带着里面的包飞驰而去了)”可知，作者一家到了酒店才意识到女儿的包丢了。故选A。 6．D　推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The daughter who at that very moment was curled up on the hotel bed, regretting her thoughtlessness, in tears.(女儿此刻正蜷缩在旅馆的床上，为自己的轻率而后悔，流着泪)”可知，作者的女儿因为丢失了背包而感到焦虑不安。故选D。 7．C　细节理解题。根据文章第五段“While I called 311(非紧急情况电话), my wife remembered she'd set up tracking...have them chase after this dot on the map.”(当我拨打311(非紧急情况电话)时，我妻子想起她在女儿的手机上设置了追踪功能，以防万一。她打开手机地图，兴奋地发现一个小点大约每15秒刷新一次，在市中心的街道上穿梭。在和311的女服务员交谈时，我随口说道：“我有点想再叫一辆出租车，让他们去追地图上的这个点。”)”可知，当作者发现地图上的点后考虑叫另一辆出租车去追那个点。故选C。 8．B　推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Meaning the GPS­enabled dot moving around a screen as part of...and AirPods she'd bought with her saved­up allowance.(这意味着作为“查找我的iPhone”功能的一部分，启用GPS的点在屏幕上移动。这个点表明，在纽约市其他13000辆出租车中的某个地方，放着我女儿留下的蓝色袋子，里面装着她的日记本、学校笔记本电脑、笔记本电脑、iPhone和AirPods，这些都是她用省下的钱买的)”以及文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何使用技术，特别是带有GPS跟踪功能的“查找我的iPhone”功能，来定位并最终找回女儿在纽约丢失的包的。这表明作者可能会同意技术有时可以发挥作用，特别是在困难的情况下。故选B。 Ⅱ.语法填空 主题语境：人与自然 题裁：说明文 话题：马蒂寺石窟的数字保护工程 　　The digital protection project of the Mati Temple Grottoes in Zhangye city, Northwest China's Gansu Province, 1._________(complete) so far, according to local authorities in Zhangye.First built around 1，600 years ago along the route of the ancient Silk Road, the Mati Temple Grottoes are famous for Buddhist relics in more than 70 caves, 2._________ (make) one of the top three Hexi Buddhism culture grottoes in China, with the 3.________ (value) position of Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang and Yulin Grottoes in Anxi. The project launched last Junes, with 4.________ total investment of 3.89 million yuan (about $530，000), 5._________ (include) data collection for the surrounding environment of the grottoes, digital scanning of the murals and sculptures 6._________ (preserve) in primary caves, 3D reconstruction of cave structures and panoramic warping, among others.Digital technology is a new approach 7._________ permanently preserving cultural relics and will take the lead in a new era for future exhibitions, the institute said. The work is focused on one of the site's major attractions called the Thousand Buddha Grottoes，8._________ have eight caves that are among the best­preserved in the whole site, said Yao Gailan，9._________ (direct) of the institute for cultural heritage preservation in Zhangye. To preserve the site better, funds have been raised 10.________ an archaeological investigation involving researchers at home and abroad is also underway. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是中国西北部甘肃省张掖市马蒂寺石窟的数字保护工程相关的情况。 1．has been completed　考查谓语动词。句意： 据张掖市地方政府称，中国西北部甘肃省张掖市马缇寺石窟的数字保护项目迄今已完成。分析句子结构可知，此处应填谓语动词形式，该动词与主语the digital protection project之间为被动关系且主语是单数，so far意为“至今为止”，用于现在完成时态。故填has been completed。 2．making　考查非谓语动词。句意：马提寺石窟始建于距今约1600年前的古丝绸之路沿线，以佛教文物闻名70多个石窟，是中国三大河西佛教文化石窟之一，拥有敦煌莫高窟和安溪玉林石窟的宝贵地位。 分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，make与句子主语the Mati Temple Grottoes为主动关系，所以使用现在分词。故填making。 3．valuable　考查形容词。句意：马提寺石窟始建于距今约1600年前的古丝绸之路沿线，以佛教文物闻名70多个石窟，是中国三大河西佛教文化石窟之一，拥有敦煌莫高窟和安溪玉林石窟的宝贵地位。名词position前应该是形容词作定语，所以此处应将value转换为形容词valuable意为“有价值的”。故填valuable。 4．a　考查冠词。句意：该项目于去年6月启动，总投资389万元(约合53万美元)，包括石窟周边环境的数据采集、原始洞穴壁画和雕塑保存的数字扫描、洞穴结构三维重建和全景翘曲等。a total investment of 意为“总投资……”为固定用法。故填a。 5．includes　考查谓语动词。句意：该项目于去年6月启动，总投资389万元(约合53万美元)，包括石窟周边环境的数据采集、原始洞穴壁画和雕塑保存的数字扫描、洞穴结构三维重建和全景翘曲等。 分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词形式，include与句子主语 project之间为主动关系，根据全文时态一致原则以及句意可知，此处应用一般现在时态，主语为单数。故填includes。 6．preserved　考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目于去年6月启动，总投资389万元(约合53万美元)，包括石窟周边环境的数据采集、原始洞穴壁画和雕塑保存的数字扫描、洞穴结构三维重建和全景翘曲等。 分析句子结构可知，此处应该为非谓语动词作定语修饰sculptures，preserve与sculpture间为被动关系，结合语意可知该动作已经发生，所以使用过去分词。故填preserved。 7．to　考查介词。句意：该研究所表示，数字技术是一种永久保存文物的新方法，并将在未来展览的新时代发挥作用。approach意为“方法，途径”，其后经常跟介词to表示“……的方法”，且该空处后面跟的是动名词preserving。故填to。 8．which　考查连词。句意：这项工作的重点是该遗址的主要景点之一，称为千佛窟，该石窟有八个洞穴，是整个遗址中保存最完好的洞穴之一，张掖文化遗产保护研究所所长姚盖兰说。分析句子结构可知，此处应填连词引导非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，先行词指的是物。故填which。 9．director　考查名词。句意：这项工作的重点是该遗址的主要景点之一，称为千佛窟，该石窟有八个洞穴，是整个遗址中保存最完好的洞穴之一，张掖文化遗产保护研究所所长姚盖兰说。分析句子结构可知，此处应该为名词作同位语，对前面的人物Yao Gailan进行解释说明，意为“负责人，管理者”。故填director。 10．and　考查连词。句意：为了更好地保护遗址，已经筹集了资金，并正在进行涉及国内外研究人员的考古调查。分析句子结构可知，此处应该为连词连接两个句子，根据句意可知，此空前与空后两个句子之间为并列关系。故填and。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$