课时作业(4)(Word练习)-【金榜题名】2026年高考英语一轮总复习

课时作业(四)　Unit 3　Sports and Fitness Ⅰ．阅读理解 A★ (2025·潍坊一模)On a bright September day in the French Alps in 2022, John McAvoy was 38 kilometres into a very exhausting ultramarathon through rough mountain paths.Battling tiredness, he pushed his body and mind through the final leg of the race.With the finish arch in the famous town of Chamonix just four kilometres away and the cloud­topped peak of Mont Blanc high over him, McAvoy welled up with emotion. In that moment, he felt so free and alive.It was quite the opposite from where his life had been a decade before.He had just been released from prison after serving a 10­year sentence. Now 40 years old, McAvoy has spent the last 10 years rebuilding his life from one of crime to one with purpose.It was on this day, while running the ultramarathon, that he realized how impactful conquering (征服) this mountain run could be for inner­city kids like him.After all, sport had helped him live a normal life again and open up his world.It could do the same for others. With the help of Youth Beyond Borders, McAvoy started the Alpine Run Project, which recently led 12 disadvantaged British young people through their own Mont Blanc races.The participants, from refugees (难民) to young reformed criminals and those who grew up in Children's home, were matched with coaches, consultants and physiotherapists.After a six­month training program, the youth travelled to the Alps to meet up with McAvoy for their race. McAvoy says the highlight of this project for him was watching Yasmin Mahamud, a 20­year­old refugee from Syria, run through the finish arch and into the arms of her new friends.It was a life­changing high for Mahamud, too—inspiring her to keep running, take up martial arts and go to university to study physiotherapy. “It changed my point of view on life, says Mahamud.Pushing herself to complete the race gave her a brief experience of her own potential through hard work and devotion.” I will always be thankful to John for giving me this opportunity and guidance. 1．How did McAvoy feel before the finish arch? A．He felt totally collapsed. B．He was peaceful and hopeful. C．He was satisfied with his pace. D．He felt as if completely reborn. 2．What can we learn about McAvoy from paragraph 3? A．He was a builder 10 years ago. B．He realized the importance of sport. C．He ran to make up for his past wrongs. D．He had sympathy for the inner­city children. 3．Who most probably took part in the Mont Blanc races? A．A running coach. B．A travel lover. C．A homeless teenager. D．A skilled athlete. 4．What message does McAvoy's story convey? A．Live for the moment. B．Dream big and climb high. C．After the storm comes the rainbow. D．Run after the light and become the light. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了从犯罪生活重返社会、寻找生活目标的John McAvoy通过参与超级马拉松比赛改变了自己的生活，然后创办Alpine Run Project帮助其他处境困难的年轻人的故事。 1．D　细节理解题。根据第二段的“In that moment, he felt so free and alive.It was quite the opposite from where his life had been a decade before.He had just been released from prison after serving a 10­year sentence.(在那一刻，他感到如此自由和充满活力。这与他十年前的生活完全相反。他在服完10年徒刑后刚刚从监狱获释。)”可知，John McAvoy在终点拱门前感觉自己仿佛完全重生了一样，开启了新生活。故选D。 2．B　细节理解题。根据第三段的“It was on this day, while running the ultramarathon, that he realized how impactful conquering this mountain run could be for inner­city kids like him.After all, sport had helped him live a normal life again and open up his world.(就在这一天，当他跑超级马拉松的时候，他意识到征服这个山跑对像他这样的贫民区孩子来说是多么有影响力。毕竟，体育帮助他重新过上了正常的生活，打开了他的世界。) ”可知，从第三段我们可以了解到John McAvoy认识到体育运动的重要性，它帮助麦卡沃伊过上了新的生活。故选B。 3．C　推理判断题。根据第四段的“The participants, from refugees to young reformed criminals and those who grew up in Children's home, were matched with coaches, consultants and physiotherapists.(参与者，从难民到年轻的改过自新的罪犯，以及在儿童福利院长大的人，都有教练、咨询师和理疗师与之匹配。)”推知，无家可归的少年最有可能参加过勃朗峰的比赛。故选C。 4．D　推理判断题。根据第四段的“With the help of Youth Beyond Borders, McAvoy started the Alpine Run Project, which recently led 12 disadvantaged British young people through their own Mont Blanc races.The participants, from refugees to young reformed criminals and those who grew up in Children's home, were matched with coaches, consultants and physiotherapists.(在Youth Beyond Borders的帮助下，John McAvoy 启动了‘高山跑步项目’，最近带领12名处境不利的英国年轻人参加了他们自己的勃朗峰比赛。参与者，从难民到年轻的改过自新的罪犯，以及在儿童福利院长大的人，都有教练、咨询师和理疗师与之匹配。)”和第五段的“It was a life­changing high for Mahamud, too­inspiring her to keep running, take up martial arts and go to university to study physiotherapy.(对Mahamud来说，这是一个改变人生的高潮，也激励她继续跑步，学习武术，上大学学习物理治疗。)”以及第六段的“‘It changed my point of view on life, says Mahamud.Pushing herself to complete the race gave her a brief experience of her own potential through hard work and devotion.’ I will always be thankful to John for giving me this opportunity and guidance.(Mahamud说：‘这改变了我对生活的看法。推动自己完成比赛让她通过努力和奉献短暂地体验了自己的潜力。’我将永远感谢约翰给我这个机会和指导。)”可知，John McAvoy从犯罪生活重返社会、寻找生活目标，他意识到体育运动对于处于困境的孩子们有着巨大的影响力，因此他的故事可以鼓励个人追求积极向上，散发积极能量，照亮周围的世界，D项“奔向光明，成为光明”符合。故选D。 B★ (2025·宁波“十校”联考)The rate of childhood obesity in the U．S.has tripled over the past 50 years.The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) made waves this year by recommending that doctors put obese kids as young as two years old on intensive, family­oriented lifestyle and behavior plans.It also suggested prescribing weight­loss drugs to children 12 and older and surgery to teens 13 and older.This advice reflects the organization's adoption of a more active position on childhood obesity. Yet the lifestyle programs the AAP recommends are expensive, inaccessible to most children and hard to maintain.Few weight­loss drugs have been approved for children.And surgery has potential risks and few long­term safety data.Furthermore, it's not clear whether interventions in youngsters help to improve health or merely add to the psychological burden overweight kids face from the society. Rather than paying close attention to numbers on a scale, the U．S.and countries with similar trends should focus on an underlying truth: we need to invest in more and safer places for children to play where they can move and run around, climb and jump, ride and skate. Why is it so hard to get kids moving? Experts blame the problem on the privatization of sports — as public investment in school­based athletics dwindles,_expensive private leagues have grown, leaving many kids out.In addition to fewer opportunities at school, researchers cite increased screen time and a lack of safe places for them to play outside the home.New York City, for example, had 2，067 public playgrounds as of 2019 — a very small amount for its large population.In Los Angeles in 2015, only 33 percent of youths lived within walking distance of a park. Kids everywhere need more places to play.Public funding to build and keep up these areas is crucial, but other options such as shared­use agreements can make unused spaces available to the public.These opportunities aren't primarily about changing children's waistlines—they're how we keep childhood healthy and fun. 5．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A.Childhood obesity is well under control in recent years. B．Weight­loss surgery are recommended to children 12 and older. C.AAP plays a more active role in fighting against childhood obesity. D．Expensive as it is, lifestyle programs are practical for most children. 6．The underlined word “dwindle” is closest in meaning to ________． A．decline 　　　　　 　B．quit C．increase D．develop 7．In the author's opinion, what measures should be taken to create more safe areas? A．Prepare fitness equipment at home. B．Live within walking distance of a park. C．Promote investment in private athletics. D．Open up playgrounds when school's out. 8．What's the main idea of the text? A.Sports play an important role in children's growth. B．More safe areas for outdoor fun are in urgent need. C．Family­oriented lifestyles are crucial to children's health. D.Medical intervention is important to ease psychological burden. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述在过去的50年里，美国儿童肥胖率增加了两倍，美国儿科学会提出的建议难以实现，研究表明多运动有助于身心健康，因此需要投资更多、更安全的地方，让孩子们玩耍运动，文章还分析了孩子运动量减少的原因。 5．C　细节理解题。根据第一段“The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) made waves this year by recommending that doctors put obese kids as young as two years old on intensive, family­oriented lifestyle and behavior plans.It also suggested prescribing weight­loss drugs to children 12 and older and surgery to teens 13 and older.This advice reflects the organization's adoption of a more active position on childhood obesity.(美国儿科学会 (AAP) 今年引起了轰动，它建议医生让年仅两岁的肥胖儿童接受强化的、以家庭为导向的生活方式和行为计划。它还建议为 12 岁及以上的儿童开减肥药，并为 13 岁及以上的青少年开手术。这一建议反映了该组织在儿童肥胖问题上采取了更加积极的立场。)”可知，美国儿科学会在对抗儿童肥胖方面发挥着更加积极的作用。故选C项。 6．A　词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Experts blame the problem on the privatization of sports — as public investment in school­based athletics dwindles,_expensive private leagues have grown, leaving many kids out.(专家将问题归咎于体育运动的私有化——随着对学校体育运动的公共投资dwindles，昂贵的私人联赛不断壮大，许多孩子被排除在外。)”可知，许多孩子被排除在运动之外原因之一是对学校体育运动的公共投资下降减少，划线词意义与“decline (减少)”相近。故选A项。 7．D　细节理解题。根据最后一段“Kids everywhere need more places to play.Public funding to build and keep up these areas is crucial, but other options such as shared­use agreements can make unused spaces available to the public.(世界各地的孩子都需要更多玩耍的地方。建设和维护这些区域的公共资金至关重要，但共享使用协议等其他选择可以将未使用的空间提供给公众。)”可知，学校放假时开放操场，可以给孩子们提供玩耍空间，这是创建更多安全区域的措施。故选D项。 8．B　主旨大意题。根据第三段“Rather than paying close attention to numbers on a scale, the U．S.and countries with similar trends should focus on an underlying truth: we need to invest in more and safer places for children to play where they can move and run around, climb and jump, ride and skate.(美国和具有类似趋势的国家不应该密切关注规模上的数字，而应该关注一个基本事实：我们需要投资于更多、更安全的儿童玩耍场所，让他们可以移动、奔跑、攀爬和跳跃，骑行和滑冰)”和全文可知，文章的主旨大意是迫切需要更多安全的户外娱乐场所。故选B项。 Ⅱ．完形填空★ (2025·湖南联考)I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn't like attention drawn to myself.And unless otherwise __1__ a seat by the teacher, I always chose to sit at the back of the classroom. All this__2__ after I joined a sports team.It began when a teacher suggested I __3__ the basketball team.At first I thought it was a crazy __4__ because I didn't have a good sense of balance, nor did I have the ability to keep pace with the others on the team and they would tease me.But for the teacher who kept insisting on my “__5__ for it”， I wouldn't have decided to give a try. Getting up the courage to go to the tryouts was only the half of it! When I first started __6__the practice sessions, I didn't even know the rules of the game, much worse what I was doing.Sometimes I'd get __7__and take a shot at the wrong direction, which made me feel really stupid.__8__ I wasn't the only one “new” at the game, so I decided to focus on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things I didn't __9__ “just yet”． I practiced and practiced.Soon I knew the rules and the “moves”．Being part of a team was fun and motivating.Very soon the competitive__10__ in me was winning over my lack of __11__． With time I learned how to play and made friends in the process—friends who respected my efforts to work hard and be a team player.I never had so much __12__！ With my improved self­confidence comes more __13__ from teachers and classmates.I have gone from “__14__”_in the back of the classroom and not wanting to call attention to myself, to raising my hand—even when I sometimes wasn't and not 100 percent　__15__ I had the right answer.Now I have more self­confidence in myself. 1．A.assigned B．occupied C．possessed D．established 2．A.continued B．changed C．settled D．started 3．A.reach out for B．try out for C．come up with D．make up for 4．A.idea B．plan C．belief D．saying 5．A.going B．looking C．cheering D．applying 6．A.enjoying B．preparing C．attending D．watching 7．A.committed B．motivated C．embarrassed D．confused 8．A.Interestingly B．Fortunately C．Obviously D．Hopefully 9．A.want B．do C．support D．know 10．A.roles B．part C．mind D．value 11．A.satisfaction B．determination C．confidence D．devotion 12．A.concern B．fright C．sorrow D．fun 13．A.praise B．blame C．comfort D．envy 14．A.dreaming B．playing C．relaxing D．hiding 15．A.lucky B．happy C．sure D．satisfied 【语篇解读】　这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为害怕别人的关注总是坐在最后一排。后在老师鼓励下尝试加入篮球队。初期困难重重，但坚持不懈学习规则和技能，逐渐适应团队竞技并建立自信。最终，通过团队活动克服自卑感，学会积极参与课堂互动，提升了自信心和社交能力。 1．A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：除非老师另行安排座位，否则我总是选择坐在教室的后面。A.assigned分配；B.occupied占据；C.possessed拥有；D.established建立。根据空后“a seat by the teacher, I always chose to sit at the back of the classroom.”可知，除非被老师安排一个座位，作者喜欢坐在教室的后排。故选A。 2．B　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我加入运动队后，一切都变了。A.continued继续；B.changed改变；C.settled解决；D.started开始。根据下文“Now I have more self­confidence in myself.”可知，作者有了自信心是从他加入篮球队开始。所以此处指作者加入篮球队后，一切事情都改变了。故选B。 3．B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：事情开始于一位老师建议我参加篮球队的选拔赛。A.reach out for伸手去拿；B.try out for参加…的选拔；C.come up with想出；D.make up for弥补。根据下文“Getting up the courage to go to the tryouts was only the half of it！”可知，作者的老师建议他去参加篮球队的选拔。故选B。 4．A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，我觉得这是一个疯狂的想法，因为我没有很好的平衡感，也没有能力跟上团队中其他人的步伐，他们会取笑我。A.idea想法；B.plan计划；C.belief信念；D.saying说法。根据上文“It began when a teacher suggested I __3__the basketball team.”可知，老师建议作者去参加篮球队的选拔。作者觉得这是一个疯狂的想法。故选A。 5．A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果不是那位老师一直坚持让我去尝试，我不会决定试一试。A.going去；B.looking看起来；C.cheering欢呼；D.applying应用。根据下文“I wouldn't have decided to give a try”可知，老师一直让作者去尝试一下，所以他决定试试。go for it“试一试”故选A。 6．C　考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我刚开始参加练习时，我甚至不知道比赛规则，更糟糕的是我在做什么。A.enjoying享受；B.preparing准备；C.attending参加；D.watching观看。根据空后的“the practice session”可知，刚开始时，作者参加了练习的环节。故选C。 7．D　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时我会感到困惑，朝着错误的方向投篮，这让我觉得自己真的很愚蠢。A.committed坚定的；B.motivated有积极性的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.confused困惑的。根据上文“ I didn't even know the rules of the game, much worse what I was doing”以及下文“I didn't even know the rules of the game, much worse what I was doing”可知，作者刚开始练习篮球时不知道比赛规则，不知道自己要做什么。所以有时他非常的困惑。故选D。 8．B　考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我并不是唯一一个“新”参加比赛的人，所以我决定专注于学习比赛，在每次练习中都尽我所能，不要因为“还不知道”的事情而对自己太苛刻。A.Interestingly有趣的是；B.Fortunately幸运的是；C.Obviously显然；D.Hopefully有希望地。根据下文“I wasn't the only one ‘new’ at the game, so I decided to focus on learning the game, do my best at each practice session”可知，幸运的是，作者意识到他不是唯一一个“新”参加比赛的人，所以他决定专注于学习比赛，并没有因为遇到困难而放弃。故选B。 9．D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我并不是唯一一个“新”参加比赛的人，所以我决定专注于学习比赛，在每次练习中都尽我所能，不要因为“还不知道”的事情而对自己太苛刻。A.want想要；B.do做；C.support支持；D.know知道。根据上文“I didn't even know the rules of the game, much worse what I was doing”可知，作者觉得不要因为自己还不知道的事情而对自己太苛刻。故选D。 10．B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，我的好胜心战胜了我缺乏的自信心。A.roles角色；B.part部分；C.mind心智；D.value价值。根据上文“Soon I knew the rules and the ‘moves’．Being part of a team was fun and motivating.”可知，作者了解了篮球的规则，觉得成为团队的一员非常有趣，所以好胜心战胜了他缺乏的自信心。此处“competitive part in me”指作者的“好胜心”。故选B。 11．C　考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快，我的好胜心战胜了我缺乏的自信心。A.satisfaction满意；B.determination决定；C.confidence自信；D.devotion挚爱。根据下文“With my improved self­confidence”可知，作者的好胜心战胜了他缺乏的信心。故选C。 12．D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有这么开心过！A.concern关注点；B.fright惊吓；C.sorrow悲伤；D.fun乐趣。根据上文“With time, I learned how to play and made friends in the process­friends who respected my efforts to work hard and be a team player.”可知，随着时间的推移，作者学会了如何打球，结交了很多的朋友，所以他感觉从来没有这么开心过。故选D。 13．A　考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我自信心的提高，老师和同学对我的表扬也越来越多。A.praise表扬；B.blame责怪；C.comfort舒适度；D.envy嫉妒。根据上文“With my improved self­confidence”可知，作者越来越自信，受到了来自同学和老师的表扬。故选A。 14．D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经从“躲”在教室后面，不想引起别人的注意，变成了举手——即使有时我不是百分百确定我有正确的答案。A.dreaming做梦；B.playing玩；C.relaxing放松；D.hiding躲藏。根据上文“I used to hate being called upon in class mainly because I didn't like attention drawn to myself.”以及“I always chose to sit at the back of the classroom”可知，作者刚开始是缺乏自信心的，所以他总是选择坐在后排。所以此处指他从“躲”在教室后面，变得越来越自信，愿意举手回答问题。故选D。 15．C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我已经从“躲”在教室后面，不想引起别人的注意，变成了举手——即使有时我不是百分百确定我有正确的答案。A.lucky幸运的；B.happy快乐的；C.sure确定的；D.satisfied满意的。根据上文“when I sometimes wasn't and not 100 percent”以及下文“Now I have more self­confidence in myself.”可知，作者现在越来越自信了，所以他即使不确定答案是否正确，也敢于举手回答问题。故选C。 Ⅲ．语法填空 (2025·佛山一模)A rural basketball league in China attracted well close to 100 million live views across the country in 2022 and 2023 respectively. The Village Basketball Association，1._______ (base) in Guizhou Province, is better known as “CunBA”， Cun being the word for “village” in Chinese.The grassroots league was established in 2016 but has recently attracted 2.________ whole new generation of basketball fans nationwide.Amateur basketball players representing their villages compete not 3.________ cash prizes; instead, the winning team take home live ducks, rice and 4.________ (tradition) Miao­style silver headdresses. The CunBA drums up a special kind of emotion and 5.________ (excite) among spectators (观众).However, none of the 20，000 spectators 6.________ made their way to the year's final game had to pay for their tickets, and they were welcome 7.________ (enjoy) the game in creative ways. According to Xinhua News Agency, the sport has a long history in the region 8.________ (date) back to 1930s.Annual games 9.________ (hold) during the region's Miao ethnic harvest festival in the sixth month of the Chinese lunar calendar.The CunBA, during the 2022/2023 season, 10._______ (have) a total of 176 participating teams from the various farming villages in the region, hosting nearly 5，000 grassroots games. 【语篇解读】　这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了贵州省的草根联赛的历史、特点和具体细节等。 1．based　考查形容词。句意：位于贵州省的乡村篮球协会，更广为人知的名字是“村BA”，“Cun”在中文里是“村庄”的意思。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词based“基地(或总部)在……”，作定语，修饰The Village Basketball Association。故填based。 2．a　考查冠词。句意：这个草根联赛成立于2016年，但最近吸引了全国新一代篮球迷。此处泛指“新一代”，且whole以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 3．for　考查介词。句意：业余篮球运动员代表他们的村庄参赛，不是为了现金奖励；相反，获胜的队伍会带着活鸭、大米和传统苗族风格的银头饰回家。根据语境可知，本空填介词for，compete for“为夺取……比赛”。故填for。 4．traditional　考查形容词。句意：业余篮球运动员代表他们的村庄参赛，不是为了现金奖励；相反，获胜的队伍会带着活鸭、大米和传统苗族风格的银头饰回家。分析句子结构可知，本空填形容词traditional“传统的”，作定语，修饰Miao­style silver headdresses。故填traditional。 5．excitement　考查名词。句意：“村BA”在观众中激起了一种特殊的情感和兴奋。分析句子结构可知，本空填不可数名词excitement“兴奋”，与空前的名词emotion并列。故填excitement。 6．who　考查定语从句。句意：然而，前来观看今年最后一场比赛的2万名观众中，没有人需要为门票付费，而且欢迎他们以创造性的方式欣赏比赛。分析句子结构可知，本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是none of the 20, 000 spectators ，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 7．to enjoy　考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，前来观看今年最后一场比赛的2万名观众中，没有人需要为门票付费，而且欢迎他们以创造性的方式欣赏比赛。本句系动词为were，此处应用非谓语动词。sB.be welcome to do sth.“欢迎某人做某事”，应用enjoy“欣赏”的不定式形式。故填to enjoy。 8．dating　考查非谓语动词。句意：据新华社报道，这项运动在该地区有着悠久的历史，可以追溯到20世纪30年代。本句谓语为has，此处应用非谓语动词。且the sport与date back to“追溯到”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填dating。 9．are held　考查动词语态。句意：一年一度的运动会在中国农历六月的苗族丰收节期间举行。结合语境可知本句陈述事实，故时态用一般现在时，且主语Annual games与动词hold“举行”为被动关系，故句子用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are held。 10．had　考查动词时态。句意：在2022/2023赛季，共有来自该地区各个农村的176支参赛球队，举办了近5000场基层比赛。结合时间状语during the 2022/2023 season可知，事情发生在过去，故时态用一般过去时，用have的过去式had。故填had。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$