专题3 第3讲 介词(课件PPT)-【金榜题名】2026年高考英语一轮总复习

专题三 不可忽视的小词 　第3讲　介词 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 目录 contents Part 01 考点精讲一 层级一 Part 02 层级二 Part 03 层级三 Part 04 语法链接写作 Part 05 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 考点精讲一 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 without for as 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 to With by 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 by for in 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 层级一 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 an a the 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 their us herself it 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 for with on 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 层级二 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 the the a 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 The its herself as 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 to for to 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 层级三 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 a their of for with 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 a them her the by 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 语法链接写作 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 Because I am attracted by the contents，reading Youth becomes a must for me every day. 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 It was exciting to learn that I had gained first prize and an award ceremony would be held in three days. 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 Although online learning makes it easier for people to gain knowledge， being online is also a challenge for people who lack self­ discipline 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 Eventually，because of my persistence and painstaking efforts， I could skate freely all by myself. 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 谢谢观看 语法专题 高考总复习•英语 返回目录 eq \a\vs4\al([情景导入]) 1．表示方位的介词 We walked across① the beach，through② the woods and finally came to③ the house which was under④the big tree marked in⑤ the map.After stepping into⑥ the house，we found a small black table，over⑦ which was a lamp.Then we looked around⑧，only to find nothing.My friend found something special—an empty box.Beneath⑨ it was a note saying，“Stand beside⑩ the window and look out of⑪ it.” From⑫ the window we saw another house beyond⑬ a small hill. [规则感悟]　①across指从较为平坦的表面穿过。②through指从立体的事物中间穿过。③to指“到某处，去某处”。④under在……下面，无接触面。⑤in在……里面。⑥into到……里面。⑦over在……正上方(无接触面)；on在……上面(有接触面)。⑧around在/向……周围。⑨beneath在……下面(有接触面)。⑩beside在……旁边。⑪out of向/在……外面。⑫from从……。⑬beyond 在/向……较远的一边，超出。 2．表示时间的介词 It happened on① a Saturday morning in② November，2021.My parents left home at③ 6：00 a．m. to meet my uncle at the airport and told me they would come back in② two hours.However，it wasn't long before④ someone knocked at the door，and I looked through the peephole and saw a stranger.I quickly locked the door from the inside，and didn't open it until⑤ my parents came back.During⑥ the two hours，the stranger always tried to tell me something but I wouldn't listen to him.On seeing my parents，the stranger said，“I have been waiting out of the door for⑦ two hours since 6：10 a．m..” Why had my uncle changed so much over⑧ the years? [规则感悟]　①on指在具体的某一天。②in用在年/月/季节/世纪等大时间之前，或者指上/下午或晚上；也可用在表示一段时间的词之前，表示“多久之后”。③at用在几点钟或night/noon之前。④before在……之前。⑤until直到……时候。⑥during在……期间。⑦for表示延续一段时间。⑧over表示“在……期间”，表延续。 3．表示原因的介词 John was punished for① cheating in the exam.His father was angry at/over② it and he trembled with③ anger because of④ John's bad behaviour. [规则感悟]　①for表示原因，后面可以跟名词(词组)或动名词。②at/over用在表示情绪的形容词之后，后面跟代词或名词(词组)。③with用在表示情绪的名词之前。④because of/owing to/due to/thanks to之后不跟陈述句，跟名词(短语)/名词性从句。 4．其他重要介词 Between① the two opinions，I am for② the first one but against③ the second one.By④ wearing school uniforms，students can be treated equally by④ others despite⑤ the different economic backgrounds among⑥ them.Besides⑦，the price is within⑧ students' reach.Most students except⑨ a minority of them say school uniforms are good except for⑩ the fact that they are not fashionable. [规则感悟]　①between表示“两者之间”。②for表示“支持”。③against表示“反对”。④by表示“借助/通过……”，也可以表示“被……”。⑤despite表示“尽管”，等于in spite of。⑥among表示在三者或三者以上中。⑦besides表示“除此之外(还)”。⑧within表示“在……范围之内”。⑨except表示同类事物除外。⑩except for表示与整体陈述相对的细节修补。　 一、介词的省略 1．当表示时间的词前有this，that，next，last，every，each，some，any，all等时，介词常省略。 We watched an exciting football match last week. 上周我们观看了一场激动人心的足球赛。 Come any day you like.你想哪天来就哪天来。 2．表示时间的名词前有不定冠词，且不定冠词作“每一……”讲时，其前不用介词。 An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 每天一个苹果，医生远离我。 3．习惯搭配中介词的省略。 一些常和动词、名词或形容词搭配使用的介词常可省略，常见的此类搭配有spend some time (in) doing sth.，waste some time (in) doing sth.，have difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth.，be busy (in) doing sth.，stop/prevent sb.(from) doing sth.等。 Frank insisted that he was not asleep although I had great difficulty (in) waking him up. 弗兰克坚持说自己没有睡觉，虽然我叫醒他费了好大劲。 二、介词不可省略的问题 1．在被动语态中，动词短语中的介词不能省略。 The children have been taken good care of in the kindergarten. 这些孩子在幼儿园里得到了很好的照顾。 2．当非谓语动词表示被动意义时，相关介词也不可省略。 The problem is well worth paying attention to. 这个问题很值得关注。 3．在定语从句中，当从句的谓语和先行词构成动宾关系且从句谓语为不及物动词时，必须加上介词。 The library which we often go to is not far away from our school. 我们常去的那个图书馆距离我们学校不远。 三、介词短语 1．介词与名词构成的搭配： (1)at＋名词 at a loss不知所措 at the cost of以……的代价 at peace处于和平状态 at the risk of冒……的危险 at war处于战争状态 at the mercy of在……支配下；由……摆布 at the same time同时 (2)on＋名词 on exhibition/show/display在展出 on account of因为 on fire着火 on average平均；一般地 on sale出售；打折 on behalf of代表 on no account/condition决不 on the decrease/increase在减少/在增加 on holiday/vacation在度假 (3)by＋名词 by accident/chance偶然地 by hand手工 by mistake错误地 by the day按天算 by coincidence碰巧 by nature天生地 (4)in＋名词 in cash用现金付款 in charge of掌管 in depth在深度上 in return作为回报 in detail详细地 in danger (of) 在危险中，垂危 in height在高度上 in spite of尽管 in length在长度上 in exchange for作为交换 in favor of支持，赞成 in no time立刻 in case of万一；如果；假使 in no way决不 in support of为支持…… in place of代替 in honour of为向……表示敬意 in possession of拥有，占有 in memory of为了纪念…… in addition to另外 (5)of＋名词 of benefit有益处的 of significance有意义的 of help有帮助的 of use有用的 of importance重要的 of value有价值的 (6)out of＋名词 out of balance失去平衡 out of order发生故障 out of breath上气不接下气 out of sight看不见 out of control失去控制 out of the question不可能 out of date过期 out of work失业 out of touch失去联系 (7)under＋名词 under attack遭到袭击 under treatment在治疗中 under pressure在压力下 under control处于控制之中 under repair在修理中 under discussion在讨论中 (8)with＋名词 with delight/joy高兴地 with fear害怕地 with difficulty困难地 with pleasure乐意地 with ease轻而易举地 (9)beyond＋名词 beyond compare无与伦比 beyond description难以描述 beyond reach够不到 beyond expression/words难以表达 2．形容词与介词构成的搭配： (1)be＋adj.＋about be anxious about为……忧虑 be curious about对……好奇 be particular about对……讲究/挑剔 be worried/concerned about对……担心 (2)be＋adj.＋at be angry at因/对……生气 be good at擅长 be astonished at对……吃惊 be present at出席 (3)be＋adj.＋in be absorbed in专注于…… be active in积极于…… be dressed in穿着…… be engaged in忙于…… be rich in富含…… be occupied in忙于…… (4)be＋adj.＋for be eager for渴望…… be famous for因……著名 be fit for适合，胜任…… be ready for准备好…… be sorry for对……感到抱歉 be prepared for为……做好准备 (5)be＋adj.＋from be absent from缺席 be different from不同于 be far from远离 be free from不受……影响 (6)be＋adj.＋to be close to接近…… be devoted to致力于…… be equal to等于……；胜任…… be familiar to对……熟悉 be friendly to对……友好 be harmful to对……有害 be kind to对……友好 be similar to与……相似 be grateful to对……心存感激 (7)be＋adj.＋of be aware of意识到…… be fond of喜欢…… be proud of因……而自豪 be short of缺乏…… be critical of对……挑剔 (8)be＋adj.＋with be busy with忙于…… be familiar with对……熟悉 be combined with与……结合 be patient with对……有耐心 be popular with受……欢迎 be pleased with对……感到满意 be angry with (sb.)对(某人)生气 3．介词与其他词构成的搭配： but for要不是 instead of代替 regardless of不管，不顾 apart from除……之外 up to直到；由……决定 according to根据 along with随着 together with连同 by means of用……办法；借助…… owing to因为 四、动词与介词构成的搭配 1．“动词＋sb.＋of＋sth.”结构 accuse sb.of sth.指责/控告某人某事 cure sb.of sth.治好某人的某种疾病 rid sb.of sth.使某人摆脱某物 cheat sb.of sth.骗走某人某物 remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事 inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事 rob sb.of sth.抢劫某人某物 warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事 convince sb.of sth.使某人确信某事 suspect sb.of sth.怀疑某人某事 2．“动词＋sb.＋for＋doing sth.”结构 blame sb.for doing sth.指责某人做某事 eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(scold sb.for doing sth.,criticize sb.for doing sth.))批评某人做某事 eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(forgive sb.for doing sth.,excuse sb.for doing sth.,pardon sb.for doing sth.))原谅某人做某事 punish sb.for doing sth.因做某事而惩罚某人 thank sb.for doing sth.感谢某人做某事 3．“动词＋sb./sth.＋from＋(doing) sth.”结构 prevent/stop/keep sb./sth.from doing sth.阻止某人/物做某事 protect/preserve/defend/shelter sb./sth.from being done保护某人/物免于被…… ban/prohibit sb./sth.from doing sth.禁止某人/物做某事 4．其他常考的动词与介词的搭配 account for 占……(比例)；解释……(原因) act as 充当；起作用 break away from 脱离；逃离 bring about 引起；导致；造成 call for (去)接；需要；(公开)要求 carry out 履行；实施；执行 carry through 帮助……渡过难关；成功完成；顺利实现 come across (偶然)遇见，碰见；发现 come to an end 终止，结束 come up with 提出 do harm to 对……有害 do without 没有……也行；没有……而设法对付过去 end up with 以……结束 get across 被传达；被理解；把……讲清楚 get around 传播；流传；各处走动 get down to 开始做某事；开始认真注意(或对待)某事 get over 解决；克服；控制 get rid of 除去，去掉；免除，摆脱 get through 正式通过；(用电话)接通，联系上；顺利通过(考试等) give rise to使发生 give way to屈服；退让；让步 go against违反；与……不符 go in for参加考试(或竞赛)；对某事物有兴趣，爱好 go through经历 keep in touch with与……保持联系 look down on/upon轻视；瞧不起 look into调查；审查 make the best of充分利用；尽力而为 be made up of由……组成 put up with忍受，容忍 see through看穿；识破 see to照料；处理 set about着手做 show around/round领(某人)参观 show off炫耀；展示 take in吸入；理解，领会 take on承担；呈现，具有 work out计算出；制定出 [对点练习] 1．It provides an opportunity ________ people from different backgrounds, in which they can learn about and appreciate each other's cultures. 2．For most of us, popcorn is synonymous (同义的) with movie theaters.We go to the movies, buy a popcorn, and enjoy the show ________ even thinking twice about it.But, why? Why do we always eat popcorn at the movies? 3．British naturalist Charles Darwin acknowledged the book ________ an “ancient Chinese encyclopedia. 4．There was also a smaller group of people on a wooden platform next ________ a lake, and their Tai Chi was more elegant against the clear water. 5．________ time going by, more and more people perform Shaanxi kuaiban in different particular events. 6．Acquiring knowledge is not only a means ________ which you can better understand the world, but also a way of appreciating how much you do not know. [解题技法] 1．The study found that between 1985 and 2017，average rural BMI increased ________ 2.1 in women and men.(2021·浙江高考) 2．She warns of the environmental dangers facing society，and she teaches that people must take responsibility ________ saving their environment.(2023·全国甲卷) 3．Some time after 10000 BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived ________，through agriculture.(2020·浙江高考) 层级一　基础达标练 单句语法填空 1．As early as 2019, Hainan province announced its plan of building ________ international e­sports center. 2．Over time, such a tradition has developed into ________ means for local people to gather together to wish one another good health and fortune. 3．When Victor Gao was growing up in rural China in ________ 1970s, cars and trucks were so rare that he would chase them with the other children through the dirt roads, thrilled by the strange sight. 4．Club members hope that the garden they created will be a safe resting place for the monarchs during ________ (they) long migration. 5．The poem The Peasants (Ⅱ), written by Li Shen, a Tang Dynasty poet, shows ________ (we) the hardship of the peasants. 6．In June 2017, Bonino visited China for three weeks, and found ________ (her) pleasantly surprised.She recalled, “I was crazy about China.It fascinated me.” 7．When they grow older than three years old，________ is easier for girls to catch colds than boys. 8．During the winter that just ended, the number of bookings for skiing­related services made by these two age groups accounted ________ 60 percent of the total, and the number of children who had gone skiing with their parents was on the rise. 9．The menu, ________ over 60 dishes rotated daily, caters to a wide range of tastes. 10．Today, Zhao's customers, who come from all over the world, wear his flowers both as an everyday item and ________ special occasions. 层级二　高考真题练 单句语法填空 1．Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ________ first time.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 2．Then, when you use one section, ________ other stays fresh.(2024·浙江高考) 3．While you're in China, Mount Huangshan is ________ must to visit！(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) 4．________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.(2023·浙江高考) 5. Ecotourism has ________(it) origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.(2024·全国乙卷) 6．She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of ________(she), everything in good taste and in perfect order.(2024·浙江高考) 7．Glasshouse stands ________ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) 8．I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways ________ Romeo and Juliet.”(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) 9．This area, with its unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved ______ all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park.(2024·全国甲卷) 10．One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books.I thought ________ myself, “Why would he carry all his books？”(2024·北京高考) 层级三　语篇提能练 语法填空 (2022·浙江1月卷改编)Kim Cobb，1.____ professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta，is one of a small but growing minority of academics who are cutting back on 2._______(they) air travel because 3._______ climate change.Travelling to conferences，lectures，workshops，and the like—frequently by plane—is viewed as important 4.________ scientists to get together and exchange information.But Cobb and others are now questioning that idea—pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely and changing their personal behavior to do their part in dealing 5.________ the climate change crisis. On 6.______ website called No Fly Climate Sci，for example，roughly 200 academics—many of 7.________(they) climate scientists—have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. Cobb，for her part，started to ask conference organizers who invited 8.________(she) to speak whether she could do so remotely；about three­quarters of 9.________ time，they agreed.When the answer was no，she declined the invitation.That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down 10.________ 75%，and she plans to continue the practice.“It has been fairly rewarding，” she says—“a really positive change.” 1．在抽象名词具体化时，使用不定冠词使文章更加生动简洁 [典例]　(2020·全国Ⅱ卷)我们一边摘苹果，一边吃苹果。真是一件乐事啊！ We picked apples while having a good taste of them.What a pleasure! [运用]　(2021·新课标Ⅰ卷)因为被内容所吸引，阅读Youth成为我每天必须做的一件事。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 2．使用it作形式主语可以丰富文章句式 [典例]　(2022·全国乙卷)学生自身迫切需要提高自律，家长和老师也迫切需要加强指导。 It's urgent for students themselves to improve their self­discipline，and it's also urgent for parents and teachers to strengthen the guidance. [运用]　(2023·新课标Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷)得知我获得了一等奖，三天后将举行颁奖典礼，我感到很兴奋。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 3．使用it 作形式宾语可以使句子亮点更多 [典例]　(2022·浙江高考)我认为说服他接受我的观点是不可能的，所以我不想浪费我们的时间来讨论。 I thought it impossible to persuade him into accepting my views，so I didn't want to waste our time discussing. [运用]　(2021·全国乙卷)虽然在线学习让人们获得知识更容易了，但对于缺乏自律的人来说，在线学习也是一个挑战。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 4．用介词短语代替简单的状语从句 [典例]　(2022·全国乙卷)由于他们缺乏自律，他们更容易沉迷于网上聊天或玩游戏。 Because of their lack of self­discipline，they're more easily addicted to chatting online or playing games. [运用]　(2023·全国乙卷)最终，由于我的坚持和艰苦的努力，我可以自由、独立地滑冰。 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 $$