2025年高二英语秋季开学摸底考（江苏专用，译林版2020）

试题 第 1页（共 12页） 试题 第 2页（共 12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 内 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 外 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … … 学 校 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 姓 名 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ _班 级 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _考 号 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（江苏专用，译林版 2020） 英语 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 考生注意： 1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。 2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。 3. 测试范围：必修一~选择必修一(译林版 2020)。 4. 难度系数：0.65。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分 30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡 上。 第一节(共 5小题；每小题 1. 5分，满分 7. 5分) 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完 每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How will the speakers probably go home? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway. 2. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Waitress and customer. B. Manager and clerk. C. Cook and waiter. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a street. B. In a police office. C. In a hospital. 4. Why does the boy look for his dictionary? A. To look up some words. B. To get his stamp. C. To lend it to Lucy. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She has no time for dinner. B. She forgot the wedding anniversary. C. She wants to eat something different. 第二节(共 15小题；每小题 1. 5分，满分 22. 5分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出 5秒钟的 作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第 6段材料，回答第 6、7题。 6. What seems to bother Paul? A. He lost his car keys. B. He forgot to pick up his aunt. C. He can’t drive his car now. 7. Where will the speakers go next? A. The hospital. B. The airport. C. Paul’s house. 听第 7段材料，回答第 8、9题。 8. What is the woman doing? A. Doing a survey. B. Calculating the bill. C. Serving the food. 9. How would the man like his steak next time? A. Medium rare. B. Medium well. C. Well done. 听第 8段材料，回答第 10至 12题。 10. What is the woman? A. A policewoman. B. A driver. C. A car park attendant. 11. Where is the car park? A. It’s near a hotel. B. It’s around the corner. C. It’s at the end of the street. 12. What will the man probably do next? A. Drive away. B. Go to the police station. C. Show the woman his license. 听第 9段材料，回答第 13 至 16题。 13. How many times has Mark visited the Topeka Zoo? A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. 14. Where did the woman know the incident? A. From the Internet. B. From the newspaper. C. From TV. 15. What did the tiger do? A. It escaped from the zoo. B. It hurt a zoo worker. C. It injured a tourist. 16. What happened to the zoo after the incident? A. It was rebuilt. B. It was closed forever. C. It reopened about 45 minutes later. 听第 10段材料，回答第 17至 20题。 17. Who is the book for? 试题 第 3页（共 12页） 试题 第 4页（共 12页） … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 内 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 此 卷 只 装 订 不 密 封 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 外 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … A. Young children. B. Parents. C. Teachers. 18. What happens to Vanessa on her first day in school? A. She is badly treated by another child. B. She plays poorly in the games. C. She spends her time alone. 19. How does Vanessa’s classmate help her? A. By walking together with her. B. By inviting her for dinner. C. By telling her what to do. 20. What might the speaker be doing? A. Reading her new picture book. B. Hosting a radio program. C. Giving a class. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2. 5 分，满分 37. 5 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Calling All High School Students Apply to The Daily’s Summer 2023 JournalismWorkshop!! Click here for an application form The application deadline has been extended to June 2 at 11:59 pm. Join us for our annual summer eight-week journalism workshop! The program runs from June26 to August 18, 2023. In our program, we’ll teach high schoolers the fundamentals through real-world reporting tasks. Some writers may even get the opportunity to publish their work on The Stanford Daily’s website as they receive one-on-one guidance from Daily editors in weekly check-in meetings and lessons. Even if you’ve done a program with us before, you’re sure to learn new skills, encounter new challenges, and level up your journalistic skills! We have all-new content and guest speakers with fresh and exciting perspectives to bring to the table. It is open to participants of all skill levels — our editors will work with you at whatever pace you’re comfortable with and get you up to speed regardless of your level of experience. Over the course of the eight-week journalism workshop, participants will get hands-on experience in the end-to-end process of news reporting, including: How to find stories and assess(评估) their newsworthiness How to identify and interview sources How to create well-structured, interesting news pieces How to write breaking news In addition to writing, students will have the opportunity to learn multimedia and digital skills, ultimately gaining exposure to the complete, real, end-to-end experience of working in journalism. 21. What is the purpose of the journalism workshop? A. To expose high schoolers to the real world. B. To bring The Stanford Daily to a larger audience. C. To select potential writers for The Stanford Daily. D. To equip high schoolers with skills of news reporting. 22. What can participants do in the workshop? A. Start up a news writing website. B. Chair weekly meetings of Daily’s editors. C. Assess the work of Daily’s journalists. D. Get personalized guidance from professionals. 23. What is the text? A. An activity schedule. B. An online advertisement. C. A course review. D. An academic article. B My son asked my husband and me several months ago if he could switch from his mainstream high school to an alternative education environment. At that time, I was unsure and a little heartbroken. He wasn’t doing well in that school. In my head, I knew the best thing for him was to switch to another learning environment to complete his high school year. But my heart broke a little that he would not walk the same graduation field and stage that I had walked. The scenario I had created was no longer beneficial to his well-being. My son is extremely shy and has always had a small friend group. Large groups are complex for him, and he was very upset at a school with over 2,500 kids as a child with social anxiety. A school of that size can be difficult for anyone, let alone an introvert(内向的人) with social anxiety. We discovered that the continuation school was an option with the same general curriculum required by our state to graduate high school. The credits he had already earned would carry over, and he could graduate early. After talking, we decided that this was his best option. By allowing him to choose this option, we have watched him thrive! The difference is astonishing. My son 试题 第 5页（共 12页） 试题 第 6页（共 12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 内 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 外 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … … 学 校 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 姓 名 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ _班 级 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _考 号 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ made friends; he was productive and participated in a life skills course to help himself with real-life studies. He got along well with his teachers and classmates. The most significant change we saw was that he would come home smiling and happy, enthusiastic about his day. He was excited to share what he was learning and how his day had gone, which warmed my heart. As his momma, this is all I needed — knowing that letting him choose what was suitable for his educational path was the right move. 24. How did the author feel on her son’s request at first? A. Proud. B. Puzzled. C. Disappointed. D. Embarrassed. 25. What was the problem of the author’s son? A. He had no friends. B. He didn’t really like learning. C. He was the slowest student in his class. D. He was poor at communicating with others. 26. What did the family realize after learning about the continuation school? A. It was a very satisfying option for them. B. A mainstream high school was much better. C. An alternative education was not advisable. D. The son might have difficulty in graduating. 27. The underlined word “scenario” could be best replaced by _____. A. plot B. history C. novel D. rule C Emergency Mask Pod(面罩舱) is a plastic, 3D-printed and football-shaped case that contains a mask that protects the lungs of someone trapped in a fire until they were rescued. Alexis got the idea for the Emergency Mask Pod after hearing that a mother had thrown her baby out of the second floor window of their smoke-filled apartment during a fire in the building. The family was trapped in their apartment by the smoke. Alexis wondered whether there was a means for people waiting outside, such as neighbors and first responders, to deliver smoke masks to people trapped in the second floors of burning buildings. Her research showed that there was no such delivery system, so Alexis set about to invent one. First, she found a small, lightweight smoke mask. The next step was to develop a way to launch or throw the mask up into an open second-story window. Alexis built several different pods, which were tested by local firefighters. Each pod was cast into a second story window more than 290 times by a total of 37 firefighters. The football-shaped pod, which Alexis printed on her MakerBot 3D printer, was the clear winner, with an accuracy rate of over 70 percent. The firefighters testing the Emergency Mask Pod told her that it is needed by firefighters arriving at the scene of a fire. They told Alexis that when they find people trapped inside, they wish they could give them some form of relief so they can breathe safely while firefighters try to reach them. A smoke delivery system could be used to provide that relief. The Emergency Mask Pod requires no special equipment, training, or permits; people at the scene of a fire could help fire victims(受害者 ) trapped inside smoky rooms without hesitation. EMTs, police officers, and firefighters could keep the mask and EM Pod in their vehicles and apartment complexes could store them in approachable places like community centers. The mask could easily be retrieved by victims and put on, giving them precious time for firefighters to rescue them and potentially saving hundreds or thousands of lives. 28. Why is the Emergency Mask Pod invented? A. To improve the design of smoke masks. B. To provide a way to deliver smoke masks. C. To help firefighters practice throwing skills. D. To protect first responders’ eyes from smoke. 29. How did Alexis test the effectiveness of different pods? A. By burning them in the local fire departments. B. By studying different materials for making pods. C. By doing a survey of people trapped in a fire before. D. By having firefighters throw them into windows many times. 30. Which word is closest in meaning to “retrieved” in the last paragraph? A. Returned. B. Accessed. C. Relieved. D. Launched. 31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Surviving the Flame: New Rescue Skills B. Smoke and Masks: The Future of Fire Safety C. A Lifeline through the Smoke: The Mask Pod D. Breaking through Barriers: Firefighters’ Creations D Parents of teenagers often view their children’s friends with distrust, worrying that their children will be pushed by their peers(同龄人 ) into doing something foolish or even dangerous. Their worries hold water. In a previous study, psychologist Laurence Steinberg found that a teenage driver with a same-age passenger in the car is at higher risk of traffic accidents than one driving alone or with an adult. 试题 第 7页（共 12页） 试题 第 8页（共 12页） … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 内 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 此 卷 只 装 订 不 密 封 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 外 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … In the following years, Steinberg examined why teens were more likely to take risks in the company of other teenagers. In a later study, by scanning(扫描) the brains of 40 teens and adults, Steinberg found the brains of teenagers, but not adults, showed greater activity in two regions associated with rewards when they were being observed by same-age peers. The reward systems of the brain are activated whenever people experience something rewarding, like eating a nice-tasting food, which make them feel satisfied. In this case, rewards are greater for teens, which motivates them to seek higher-risk experiences. But Steinberg thought peer pressure might also have its positive side. In the latest study, Steinberg’s team used a card game to research how peers affect the way young people gather and apply information. It involved 101 teenage boys who played either alone or with three peers. They chose cards from four decks (牌堆): two decks had “good” cards, and two “bad” ones. Players with peers were more willing to take risks, trying to figure out which decks could help them to win. The results showed that teens playing with their peers engage in more exploratory behavior, learn faster and achieve better performance on the task than those playing alone. Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teens’ keen sensitivity (敏感) to the presence of friends to improve education. “Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity,” wrote Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, a professor at University College London. 13. What do the underlined words “hold water” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Make sense. B. Face doubts. C. Bring relief. D. Start debates. 33. What is the reason behind teens’ dangerous behavior? A. Inability to tell right from wrong. B. A sense of satisfaction. C. Eagerness to follow their friends. D. Lack of social experience. 34. How does risk-taking affect teens in the latest study? A. It starts fights between them. B. It inspires them to question. C. It weakens their independence. D. It helps them to learn better. 35. What would Blakemore suggest teachers do in the classroom? A. Conduct group discussion. B. Improve time management. C. Encourage personal opinions. D. Develop decision-making skills. 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2. 5 分，满分 12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选 项。 Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is a necessary process for maintaining the health of the human body. 36 Here are four research-backed reasons why this salt-based fluid can benefit you. •Sweating is good for your skin. Sweat is known to cool the skin, bringing toxins(毒素) to the surface and giving the skin a healthy glow. Research shows that sweating can increase and maintain skin hydration. However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne(痤疮). 37 •Sweating makes you happy. When you are hot, your heart beats faster to cool the body, releasing endorphins that cause feelings of joy. 38 In a recent study, people who smelled “joyful sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness. However, those exposed to fear-induced sweat showed characteristics of terror. •Sweating supports your heart. When sitting in a sauna(桑拿), your body temperature rises, so your body works overtime to cool itself down by sweating. 39 A 20-year Finnish study found that people who sweated it out regularly in a sauna had a lower rate of sudden cardiac(心脏的) deaths. • 40 If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign. Athletes tend to sweat sooner and more than inactive people. Their bodies have learned to cool down more efficiently during physical activity. A study conducted by the Public Library of Science supports this, showing that long-distance runners not only got sweatier sooner, but also activated more sweat glands(汗腺), resulting in more sweat than their non-active counterparts. A. And you’ll be better off for it. B. Sweating a lot means that you are fit. C. Thus, it’s essential to wash your face and body after sweating. D. Sweat is the stuff that floods out when our body temperature rises. E. Sweating contributes to a decrease in blood pressure to some extent. F. Your sweaty self can also make those around you feel more delightful. G. This is a natural bodily function that helps to regulate body temperature and prevent overheating. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30分） 第一节（共 15小题；每小题 1分，满分 15分） 试题 第 9页（共 12页） 试题 第 10页（共 12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 内 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 外 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … … 学 校 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 姓 名 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ _班 级 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ _考 号 ： __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。 ‘Small Data’Are Also Crucial for Machine Learning Many people relate “artificial intelligence” with “big data.” There’s a reason for that: some of the most prominent AI breakthroughs in the past decade have relied on enormous data sets. Image 41 made great progress in the 2010s thanks to the development of ImageNet, a data set containing millions of images hand sorted into thousands of categories. More recently, GPT-3, a language model, was trained on 42 online texts to produce humanlike text in Jan, 2021. So it is not surprising to see AI being tightly connected with “big data” in the 43 imagination. But AI is not only about large data sets, and research in “small data” approaches has grown extensively over the past decade. The so-called transfer learning serves as an especially 44 example. Also known as “fine-tuning,” transfer learning is helpful in settings where you have 45 data on the task of interest but abundant data on a related problem. You need to first train a model using a big data set and then retrain slightly using a smaller one related to your 46 problem. A research team working on German-language speech recognition, 47 , showed that they could improve their results by starting with an English-language speech model trained on a larger data set. Then, they used transfer learning to 48 that model for a smaller data set of German-language audio. Small data approaches such as transfer learning are more 49 than more data-intensive methods. They can promote progress in areas where little or no data exist, such as in forecasting natural hazards that occur relatively 50 . In this context, small data approaches will become increasingly important as more organizations look to diversify AI application areas and invest in previously 51 fields. Despite the progress in research, transfer learning has received relatively little 52 . While many machine learning experts are likely familiar with it at this point, the existence of techniques such as transfer learning does not seem to have reached the awareness of the broader space of policymakers in positions of making important decisions about AI funding and 53 . As long as the success of small data technique like transfer learning is 54 , resources can be allocated to support their widespread use. In that case, we can help correct the popular 55 regarding the role of data in AI and foster innovation in new directions. 41. A. standard B. classification C. quality D. acquisition 42. A. written B. limited C. spoken D. abundant 43. A. moral B. visual C. literary D. popular 44. A. complicated B. interesting C. promising D. distinguished 45. A. extra B. different C. available D. few 46. A. personal B. specific C. technical D. potential 47. A. in addition B. or rather C. in particular D. for example 48. A. adjust B. invent C. follow D. check 49. A. definite B. advantageous C. complex D. precise 50. A. remotely B. severely C. ultimately D. rarely 51. A. underexplored B. underestimated C. underpopulated D. underqualified 52. A. guidance B. respect C. supervision D. visibility 53. A. publication B. adoption C. tracking D. polishing 54. A. celebrated B. evaluated C. recognized D. diversified 55. A. challenge B. concern C. fear D. misunderstanding 第二节（共 10小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Arts and crafts have a way of reinventing themselves. Take embroidery(刺绣) for instance, it was within the last five years 56 it has exploded thanks to talented makers that inspire people on social media. Paper quilling(衍纸纸艺) has had 57 similar rise. The last several years 58 (see) artists returning to the craft dating back to centuries ago. Like many forms of craft, paper quilling can trace 59 (it) origins back hundreds of years to at least the 15th century. French and Italian nuns are believed 60 (create) it. In addition to embroidery, it 61 (consider) “proper pastime” for young women and was taught in boarding schools. Quilling is the art of handmaking and arranging small strips of paper into detailed designs. 62 (depend) on the desired shape and appearance, it can be rolled, looped, twisted, and curled. Glue is used to secure the paper strips into place. Paper quilling is a decorative art and is known 63 works like fancy flourishes and florals. Because of this reputation, it’s 64 (common) used on things like greeting cards, boxes, jewelry, and more. But with its recent surge in 65 (popular), it’s also seen in advertising campaigns and pieces you might find in an art gallery. 第三节（共 10小题；每小题 0.5 分，满分 5 分） 根据汉语或者用所给单词的正确形式填空。 66. (addict) to video games, he didn’t realize the danger is drawing near. 67. The new product which will come out next month is a (combine) of traditional methods and artificial intelligence. 68. The meeting s to be held this weekend has been delayed for unexpected reasons. 69. The museum is open daily t the year, so you may go there at your convenience any day. 70. The study suggested that the wide use of c in agriculture had caused water pollution in this 试题 第 11页（共 12页） 试题 第 12页（共 12页） … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 内 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 此 卷 只 装 订 不 密 封 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 外 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 装 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 订 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … 线 … … … … … … ○ … … … … … … area. 71. A wonderful idea o to him when he was walking aimlessly in the street. 72. It is reported that the earthquake that s the city yesterday destroyed the system of electricity supply. 73. The bell i the end of the class rang, stopping our heated discussion. 74. Young people may risk going deaf if e to very loud music every day. 75. Improved consumer confidence is important to an (经济的) recovery. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（满分 15分） 假定你是李华，暑假期间你在 2024年巴黎奥运会(2024 Paris Olympics)中担任了志愿者，经历了一段 难忘的旅程，请你给英国笔友 Jim写一封电子邮件分享此次当志愿者的经历，内容包括：1. 你的职责；2. 你 的收获。 注意：1. 词数 80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分 25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was my birthday that day, and my grandfather gave me a gift—a piggy bank. It had an opening through which one could put money in, but the opening was not big enough to reach in and get the money out. The only way to get the money was to break the piggy hank open. My grandfather explained that was the whole idea. And he added. “The piggy bank would help save your money so that, at the end of the year, you might have enough for that bike you dreamed about.” He asked if I would put some of the money he gave me into the piggy bank. I agreed immediately and promised sincerely, “I wouldn’t break it open until I could afford my dream bike.” Whenever my grandfather gave me some pocket money, he would say, “This is for spending. But you can save some and put it in the piggy bank if you want to save it up.” When he gave me larger amounts, it was clear for me to save the extra money in the piggy bank. For some time, this worked fine. I loved shaking the piggy hank and hearing the sound of the coins. As it became heavier, I grew more excited, dreaming about buying my new bike, and all the adventures I could have on it. Whenever I wanted to take some money from the piggy bank to buy delicious ice-creams or beautiful presents. I would imagine riding my bike on the street, and thinking of that, my thoughts about buying those things went away. So for almost three years. I had only put money into the piggy hank without taking any out. I thought I wouldn’t break my piggy hank for anything. Bat one day something unexpected happened. I saw a piece of news on the television that a serious earthquake had happened in a nearby province. As many houses were destroyed, a lot of children became homeless. Seeing their shabby clothes and crying faces. I was sleepless that night. Staring at my piggy bank. I was thinking about what I could do with it. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为 50左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next morning. I took out my piggy bank and shook it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______ Hearing the noise. my grandfather came over. ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ______ 2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（江苏专用，译林版2020） 英语 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 考生注意： 1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。 2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。 3. 测试范围：必修一~选择必修一(译林版2020)。 4. 难度系数：0.65。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How will the speakers probably go home? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway. 2. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Waitress and customer. B. Manager and clerk. C. Cook and waiter. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a street. B. In a police office. C. In a hospital. 4. Why does the boy look for his dictionary? A. To look up some words. B. To get his stamp. C. To lend it to Lucy. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She has no time for dinner. B. She forgot the wedding anniversary. C. She wants to eat something different. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What seems to bother Paul? A. He lost his car keys. B. He forgot to pick up his aunt. C. He can’t drive his car now. 7. Where will the speakers go next? A. The hospital. B. The airport. C. Paul’s house. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the woman doing? A. Doing a survey. B. Calculating the bill. C. Serving the food. 9. How would the man like his steak next time? A. Medium rare. B. Medium well. C. Well done. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the woman? A. A policewoman. B. A driver. C. A car park attendant. 11. Where is the car park? A. It’s near a hotel. B. It’s around the corner. C. It’s at the end of the street. 12. What will the man probably do next? A. Drive away. B. Go to the police station. C. Show the woman his license. 听第9段材料，回答第13 至 16题。 13. How many times has Mark visited the Topeka Zoo? A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. 14. Where did the woman know the incident? A. From the Internet. B. From the newspaper. C. From TV. 15. What did the tiger do? A. It escaped from the zoo. B. It hurt a zoo worker. C. It injured a tourist. 16. What happened to the zoo after the incident? A. It was rebuilt. B. It was closed forever. C. It reopened about 45 minutes later. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the book for? A. Young children. B. Parents. C. Teachers. 18. What happens to Vanessa on her first day in school? A. She is badly treated by another child. B. She plays poorly in the games. C. She spends her time alone. 19. How does Vanessa’s classmate help her? A. By walking together with her. B. By inviting her for dinner. C. By telling her what to do. 20. What might the speaker be doing? A. Reading her new picture book. B. Hosting a radio program. C. Giving a class. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15 小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Calling All High School Students Apply to The Daily’s Summer 2023 Journalism Workshop!! Click here for an application form The application deadline has been extended to June 2 at 11:59 pm. Join us for our annual summer eight-week journalism workshop! The program runs from June26 to August 18, 2023. In our program, we’ll teach high schoolers the fundamentals through real-world reporting tasks. Some writers may even get the opportunity to publish their work on The Stanford Daily’s website as they receive one-on-one guidance from Daily editors in weekly check-in meetings and lessons. Even if you’ve done a program with us before, you’re sure to learn new skills, encounter new challenges, and level up your journalistic skills! We have all-new content and guest speakers with fresh and exciting perspectives to bring to the table. It is open to participants of all skill levels — our editors will work with you at whatever pace you’re comfortable with and get you up to speed regardless of your level of experience. Over the course of the eight-week journalism workshop, participants will get hands-on experience in the end-to-end process of news reporting, including:  How to find stories and assess(评估) their newsworthiness  How to identify and interview sources  How to create well-structured, interesting news pieces  How to write breaking news In addition to writing, students will have the opportunity to learn multimedia and digital skills, ultimately gaining exposure to the complete, real, end-to-end experience of working in journalism. 21. What is the purpose of the journalism workshop? A. To expose high schoolers to the real world. B. To bring The Stanford Daily to a larger audience. C. To select potential writers for The Stanford Daily. D. To equip high schoolers with skills of news reporting. 22. What can participants do in the workshop? A. Start up a news writing website. B. Chair weekly meetings of Daily’s editors. C. Assess the work of Daily’s journalists. D. Get personalized guidance from professionals. 23. What is the text? A. An activity schedule. B. An online advertisement. C. A course review. D. An academic article. B My son asked my husband and me several months ago if he could switch from his mainstream high school to an alternative education environment. At that time, I was unsure and a little heartbroken. He wasn’t doing well in that school. In my head, I knew the best thing for him was to switch to another learning environment to complete his high school year. But my heart broke a little that he would not walk the same graduation field and stage that I had walked. The scenario I had created was no longer beneficial to his well-being. My son is extremely shy and has always had a small friend group. Large groups are complex for him, and he was very upset at a school with over 2,500 kids as a child with social anxiety. A school of that size can be difficult for anyone, let alone an introvert(内向的人) with social anxiety. We discovered that the continuation school was an option with the same general curriculum required by our state to graduate high school. The credits he had already earned would carry over, and he could graduate early. After talking, we decided that this was his best option. By allowing him to choose this option, we have watched him thrive! The difference is astonishing. My son made friends; he was productive and participated in a life skills course to help himself with real-life studies. He got along well with his teachers and classmates. The most significant change we saw was that he would come home smiling and happy, enthusiastic about his day. He was excited to share what he was learning and how his day had gone, which warmed my heart. As his momma, this is all I needed — knowing that letting him choose what was suitable for his educational path was the right move. 24. How did the author feel on her son’s request at first? A. Proud. B. Puzzled. C. Disappointed. D. Embarrassed. 25. What was the problem of the author’s son? A. He had no friends. B. He didn’t really like learning. C. He was the slowest student in his class. D. He was poor at communicating with others. 26. What did the family realize after learning about the continuation school? A. It was a very satisfying option for them. B. A mainstream high school was much better. C. An alternative education was not advisable. D. The son might have difficulty in graduating. 27. The underlined word “scenario” could be best replaced by _____. A. plot B. history C. novel D. rule C Emergency Mask Pod(面罩舱) is a plastic, 3D-printed and football-shaped case that contains a mask that protects the lungs of someone trapped in a fire until they were rescued. Alexis got the idea for the Emergency Mask Pod after hearing that a mother had thrown her baby out of the second floor window of their smoke-filled apartment during a fire in the building. The family was trapped in their apartment by the smoke. Alexis wondered whether there was a means for people waiting outside, such as neighbors and first responders, to deliver smoke masks to people trapped in the second floors of burning buildings. Her research showed that there was no such delivery system, so Alexis set about to invent one. First, she found a small, lightweight smoke mask. The next step was to develop a way to launch or throw the mask up into an open second-story window. Alexis built several different pods, which were tested by local firefighters. Each pod was cast into a second story window more than 290 times by a total of 37 firefighters. The football-shaped pod, which Alexis printed on her MakerBot 3D printer, was the clear winner, with an accuracy rate of over 70 percent. The firefighters testing the Emergency Mask Pod told her that it is needed by firefighters arriving at the scene of a fire. They told Alexis that when they find people trapped inside, they wish they could give them some form of relief so they can breathe safely while firefighters try to reach them. A smoke delivery system could be used to provide that relief. The Emergency Mask Pod requires no special equipment, training, or permits; people at the scene of a fire could help fire victims(受害者) trapped inside smoky rooms without hesitation. EMTs, police officers, and firefighters could keep the mask and EM Pod in their vehicles and apartment complexes could store them in approachable places like community centers. The mask could easily be retrieved by victims and put on, giving them precious time for firefighters to rescue them and potentially saving hundreds or thousands of lives. 28. Why is the Emergency Mask Pod invented? A. To improve the design of smoke masks. B. To provide a way to deliver smoke masks. C. To help firefighters practice throwing skills. D. To protect first responders’ eyes from smoke. 29. How did Alexis test the effectiveness of different pods? A. By burning them in the local fire departments. B. By studying different materials for making pods. C. By doing a survey of people trapped in a fire before. D. By having firefighters throw them into windows many times. 30. Which word is closest in meaning to “retrieved” in the last paragraph? A. Returned. B. Accessed. C. Relieved. D. Launched. 31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Surviving the Flame: New Rescue Skills B. Smoke and Masks: The Future of Fire Safety C. A Lifeline through the Smoke: The Mask Pod D. Breaking through Barriers: Firefighters’ Creations D Parents of teenagers often view their children’s friends with distrust, worrying that their children will be pushed by their peers(同龄人) into doing something foolish or even dangerous. Their worries hold water. In a previous study, psychologist Laurence Steinberg found that a teenage driver with a same-age passenger in the car is at higher risk of traffic accidents than one driving alone or with an adult. In the following years, Steinberg examined why teens were more likely to take risks in the company of other teenagers. In a later study, by scanning(扫描) the brains of 40 teens and adults, Steinberg found the brains of teenagers, but not adults, showed greater activity in two regions associated with rewards when they were being observed by same-age peers. The reward systems of the brain are activated whenever people experience something rewarding, like eating a nice-tasting food, which make them feel satisfied. In this case, rewards are greater for teens, which motivates them to seek higher-risk experiences. But Steinberg thought peer pressure might also have its positive side. In the latest study, Steinberg’s team used a card game to research how peers affect the way young people gather and apply information. It involved 101 teenage boys who played either alone or with three peers. They chose cards from four decks (牌堆): two decks had “good” cards, and two “bad” ones. Players with peers were more willing to take risks, trying to figure out which decks could help them to win. The results showed that teens playing with their peers engage in more exploratory behavior, learn faster and achieve better performance on the task than those playing alone. Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teens’ keen sensitivity (敏感) to the presence of friends to improve education. “Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity,” wrote Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, a professor at University College London. 13. What do the underlined words “hold water” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Make sense. B. Face doubts. C. Bring relief. D. Start debates. 33. What is the reason behind teens’ dangerous behavior? A. Inability to tell right from wrong. B. A sense of satisfaction. C. Eagerness to follow their friends. D. Lack of social experience. 34. How does risk-taking affect teens in the latest study? A. It starts fights between them. B. It inspires them to question. C. It weakens their independence. D. It helps them to learn better. 35. What would Blakemore suggest teachers do in the classroom? A. Conduct group discussion. B. Improve time management. C. Encourage personal opinions. D. Develop decision-making skills. 第二节（共5 小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is a necessary process for maintaining the health of the human body. 36 Here are four research-backed reasons why this salt-based fluid can benefit you. •Sweating is good for your skin. Sweat is known to cool the skin, bringing toxins(毒素) to the surface and giving the skin a healthy glow. Research shows that sweating can increase and maintain skin hydration. However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne(痤疮). 37 •Sweating makes you happy. When you are hot, your heart beats faster to cool the body, releasing endorphins that cause feelings of joy. 38 In a recent study, people who smelled “joyful sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness. However, those exposed to fear-induced sweat showed characteristics of terror. •Sweating supports your heart. When sitting in a sauna(桑拿), your body temperature rises, so your body works overtime to  cool itself down by sweating. 39 A 20-year Finnish study found that people who sweated it out regularly in a sauna had a lower rate of sudden cardiac(心脏的) deaths. • 40    If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign. Athletes tend to sweat sooner and more than inactive people. Their bodies have learned to cool down more efficiently during physical activity. A study conducted by the Public Library of Science supports this, showing that long-distance runners not only got sweatier sooner, but also activated more sweat glands(汗腺), resulting in more sweat than their non-active counterparts. A. And you’ll be better off for it. B. Sweating a lot means that you are fit. C. Thus, it’s essential to wash your face and body after sweating. D. Sweat is the stuff that floods out when our body temperature rises. E. Sweating contributes to a decrease in blood pressure to some extent. F. Your sweaty self can also make those around you feel more delightful. G. This is a natural bodily function that helps to regulate body temperature and prevent overheating. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 ‘Small Data’ Are Also Crucial for Machine Learning Many people relate “artificial intelligence” with “big data.” There’s a reason for that: some of the most prominent AI breakthroughs in the past decade have relied on enormous data sets. Image 41 made great progress in the 2010s thanks to the development of ImageNet, a data set containing millions of images hand sorted into thousands of categories. More recently, GPT-3, a language model, was trained on 42 online texts to produce humanlike text in Jan, 2021. So it is not surprising to see AI being tightly connected with “big data” in the 43 imagination. But AI is not only about large data sets, and research in “small data” approaches has grown extensively over the past decade. The so-called transfer learning serves as an especially 44 example. Also known as “fine-tuning,” transfer learning is helpful in settings where you have 45 data on the task of interest but abundant data on a related problem. You need to first train a model using a big data set and then retrain slightly using a smaller one related to your 46 problem. A research team working on German-language speech recognition, 47 , showed that they could improve their results by starting with an English-language speech model trained on a larger data set. Then, they used transfer learning to 48 that model for a smaller data set of German-language audio. Small data approaches such as transfer learning are more 49 than more data-intensive methods. They can promote progress in areas where little or no data exist, such as in forecasting natural hazards that occur relatively 50 . In this context, small data approaches will become increasingly important as more organizations look to diversify AI application areas and invest in previously 51 fields. Despite the progress in research, transfer learning has received relatively little 52 . While many machine learning experts are likely familiar with it at this point, the existence of techniques such as transfer learning does not seem to have reached the awareness of the broader space of policymakers in positions of making important decisions about AI funding and 53 . As long as the success of small data technique like transfer learning is 54 , resources can be allocated to support their widespread use. In that case, we can help correct the popular 55 regarding the role of data in AI and foster innovation in new directions. 41. A. standard B. classification C. quality D. acquisition 42. A. written B. limited C. spoken D. abundant 43. A. moral B. visual C. literary D. popular 44. A. complicated B. interesting C. promising D. distinguished 45. A. extra B. different C. available D. few 46. A. personal B. specific C. technical D. potential 47. A. in addition B. or rather C. in particular D. for example 48. A. adjust B. invent C. follow D. check 49. A. definite B. advantageous C. complex D. precise 50. A. remotely B. severely C. ultimately D. rarely 51. A. underexplored B. underestimated C. underpopulated D. underqualified 52. A. guidance B. respect C. supervision D. visibility 53. A. publication B. adoption C. tracking D. polishing 54. A. celebrated B. evaluated C. recognized D. diversified 55. A. challenge B. concern C. fear D. misunderstanding 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Arts and crafts have a way of reinventing themselves. Take embroidery(刺绣) for instance, it was within the last five years 56 it has exploded thanks to talented makers that inspire people on social media. Paper quilling(衍纸纸艺) has had 57 similar rise. The last several years 58 (see) artists returning to the craft dating back to centuries ago. Like many forms of craft, paper quilling can trace 59 (it) origins back hundreds of years to at least the 15th century. French and Italian nuns are believed 60 (create) it. In addition to embroidery, it 61 (consider) “proper pastime” for young women and was taught in boarding schools. Quilling is the art of handmaking and arranging small strips of paper into detailed designs. 62 (depend) on the desired shape and appearance, it can be rolled, looped, twisted, and curled. Glue is used to secure the paper strips into place. Paper quilling is a decorative art and is known 63 works like fancy flourishes and florals. Because of this reputation, it’s 64 (common) used on things like greeting cards, boxes, jewelry, and more. But with its recent surge in 65 (popular), it’s also seen in advertising campaigns and pieces you might find in an art gallery. 第三节（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 根据汉语或者用所给单词的正确形式填空。 66. (addict) to video games, he didn’t realize the danger is drawing near. 67. The new product which will come out next month is a (combine) of traditional methods and artificial intelligence. 68. The meeting s to be held this weekend has been delayed for unexpected reasons. 69. The museum is open daily t the year, so you may go there at your convenience any day. 70. The study suggested that the wide use of c in agriculture had caused water pollution in this area. 71. A wonderful idea o to him when he was walking aimlessly in the street. 72. It is reported that the earthquake that s the city yesterday destroyed the system of electricity supply. 73. The bell i the end of the class rang, stopping our heated discussion. 74. Young people may risk going deaf if e to very loud music every day. 75. Improved consumer confidence is important to an (经济的) recovery. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，暑假期间你在2024年巴黎奥运会(2024 Paris Olympics)中担任了志愿者，经历了一段难忘的旅程，请你给英国笔友Jim写一封电子邮件分享此次当志愿者的经历，内容包括：1. 你的职责；2. 你的收获。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was my birthday that day, and my grandfather gave me a gift—a piggy bank. It had an opening through which one could put money in, but the opening was not big enough to reach in and get the money out. The only way to get the money was to break the piggy hank open. My grandfather explained that was the whole idea. And he added. “The piggy bank would help save your money so that, at the end of the year, you might have enough for that bike you dreamed about.” He asked if I would put some of the money he gave me into the piggy bank. I agreed immediately and promised sincerely, “I wouldn’t break it open until I could afford my dream bike.” Whenever my grandfather gave me some pocket money, he would say, “This is for spending. But you can save some and put it in the piggy bank if you want to save it up.” When he gave me larger amounts, it was clear for me to save the extra money in the piggy bank. For some time, this worked fine. I loved shaking the piggy hank and hearing the sound of the coins. As it became heavier, I grew more excited, dreaming about buying my new bike, and all the adventures I could have on it. Whenever I wanted to take some money from the piggy bank to buy delicious ice-creams or beautiful presents. I would imagine riding my bike on the street, and thinking of that, my thoughts about buying those things went away. So for almost three years. I had only put money into the piggy hank without taking any out. I thought I wouldn’t break my piggy hank for anything. Bat one day something unexpected happened. I saw a piece of news on the television that a serious earthquake had happened in a nearby province. As many houses were destroyed, a lot of children became homeless. Seeing their shabby clothes and crying faces. I was sleepless that night. Staring at my piggy bank. I was thinking about what I could do with it. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为50左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next morning. I took out my piggy bank and shook it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hearing the noise. my grandfather came over. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 9 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（江苏专用，译林版2020） 英语 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 考生注意： 1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。 2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。 3. 测试范围：必修一~选择必修一(译林版2020)。 4. 难度系数：0.65。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How will the speakers probably go home? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway. 【答案】B 【原文】M: This is the most wonderful party I have ever visited. Wow, it’s almost 12 o’clock. How can we get home? It’s so late and the buses and subways have all stopped running. W: It looks as though we have no choice but to call a taxi. 2. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Waitress and customer. B. Manager and clerk. C. Cook and waiter. 【答案】A 【原文】M: I must say, Miss, the food was great and I’ve never had better service. W: Well, thank you, sir. I’ll pass your praise on to the cook and the manager. And thanks too for the tip. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a street. B. In a police office. C. In a hospital. 【答案】A 【原文】W: Do you know why I pulled you over just now, sir? I’m going to give you a speeding ticket. M: Sorry. It’s an emergency. My wife is giving birth at the hospital, so I was rushing from the office to be with her. 4. Why does the boy look for his dictionary? A. To look up some words. B. To get his stamp. C. To lend it to Lucy. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Mom, where is my English dictionary? W: I’ve lent it to Lucy. Do you want to use it? M: No, I want to get the stamp I put in it yesterday. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She has no time for dinner. B. She forgot the wedding anniversary. C. She wants to eat something different. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Honey, next Friday is our wedding anniversary. How about ordering a candle lit dinner for two in the Chinese restaurant next to our community? W: Come on, you ordered that meal on every wedding anniversary. We have already eaten that three times. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What seems to bother Paul? A. He lost his car keys. B. He forgot to pick up his aunt. C. He can’t drive his car now. 7. Where will the speakers go next? A. The hospital. B. The airport. C. Paul’s house. 【答案】6. C 7. C 【原文】W: You look upset. What’s the matter, Paul? M: I locked my keys in the car, but I have to go to the airport to pick up my aunt. W: So, what are you going to do? M: I don’t know. Could I borrow your car for a few hours? W: I’m sorry, but I need to drive it to the hospital this afternoon. Do you have spare keys at home? I could drive you home now. M: Yes. That will be great. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the woman doing? A. Doing a survey. B. Calculating the bill. C. Serving the food. 9. How would the man like his steak next time? A. Medium rare. B. Medium well. C. Well done. 【答案】8. A 9. C 【原文】W: Excuse me sir, do you mind if I take a few minutes of your time? M: No, go ahead. W: Thanks! Do you consider the food you had delicious? M: Honestly, I think it’s overcooked. The steak was tough and the peas were like bullets. W: I’m sorry to hear that. Maybe next time you might want to enjoy your steak medium well, it tastes tenderer. M: No, I’d still want it to be well done, but don’t make it tough again. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the woman? A. A policewoman. B. A driver. C. A car park attendant. 11. Where is the car park? A. It’s near a hotel. B. It’s around the corner. C. It’s at the end of the street. 12. What will the man probably do next? A. Drive away. B. Go to the police station. C. Show the woman his license. 【答案】10. A 11. B 12. A 【原文】W: Is this your car? M: Yes, why are you asking? W: You mustn’t park your car here. Don’t you see the sign “No parking here”? M: Oh, I’m sorry, I didn’t notice it. I haven’t been here more than three minutes. W: I’ll have to ask you to move your cart once, otherwise you’ll be getting a parking ticket. M: Well, where am I to park my car? W: There is a car park just around the corner. M: Most likely, it’s full. W: Well, anyway, you can’t stay here. You see you are blocking the traffic. Can I see your driving license? M: Sure, one moment. Here you are. W: Thank you, sir. Now you must move your car. M: Very well, officer, I’m going. 听第9段材料，回答第13 至 16题。 13. How many times has Mark visited the Topeka Zoo? A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. 14. Where did the woman know the incident? A. From the Internet. B. From the newspaper. C. From TV. 15. What did the tiger do? A. It escaped from the zoo. B. It hurt a zoo worker. C. It injured a tourist. 16. What happened to the zoo after the incident? A. It was rebuilt. B. It was closed forever. C. It reopened about 45 minutes later. 【答案】13. B 14. A 15. B 16. C 【原文】W: Mark, have you ever been to the Topeka Zoo? M: Yes. I went there in July 2017 and went there again last October. Actually, I’m planning to visit it again this year. W: Have you seen the tigers there? M: Certainly, they were pretty impressive. W: Do you know there was a tiger attack at the Topeka Zoo last Saturday? M: No, I didn’t read newspapers these days, and I had no time to read online news either. W: I watched the news on the website. The incident happened around 9.30 a.m. last saturday when a Sumatran tiger attacked a zoo keeper. M: How was the worker? W: The zoo keeper was awake when she was taken by ambulance to a hospital. Her injuries were not deadly. M: Did any people witness the incident? W: Yes, the zoo was open then. M: Was the zoo closed? W: Yes, but it reopened 45 minutes later. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the book for? A. Young children. B. Parents. C. Teachers. 18. What happens to Vanessa on her first day in school? A. She is badly treated by another child. B. She plays poorly in the games. C. She spends her time alone. 19. How does Vanessa’s classmate help her? A. By walking together with her. B. By inviting her for dinner. C. By telling her what to do. 20. What might the speaker be doing? A. Reading her new picture book. B. Hosting a radio program. C. Giving a class. 【答案】17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B 【原文】 W: Good evening, everyone. In tonight’s Book Time, I’d like to introduce one of the best children’s books. The book is I Walk With Vanessa. This wonderful wordless picture book is for little ones aged 5 to 10 years old. It tells the story of a new girl in school, Vanessa. The new girl spends her first day in school all by herself. She does not join in the games, neither does she take part in the classroom activities. As soon as school is over, she leaves quickly. On her way home, she is badly treated by another child. A girl in her class sees this incident. That girl spends the entire evening thinking about what she saw, and what she can do to help. In the morning of the next day, she has an idea. She goes to Vanessa’s home and walks with her to school. Friends join the walk, and soon the entire school is walking with Vanessa. This wonderful picture book teaches children what to do if they see someone badly treated by others. And it also teaches children that a simple act of kindness can really help. Thank you for listening to our programme. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15 小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Calling All High School Students Apply to The Daily’s Summer 2023 Journalism Workshop!! Click here for an application form The application deadline has been extended to June 2 at 11:59 pm. Join us for our annual summer eight-week journalism workshop! The program runs from June26 to August 18, 2023. In our program, we’ll teach high schoolers the fundamentals through real-world reporting tasks. Some writers may even get the opportunity to publish their work on The Stanford Daily’s website as they receive one-on-one guidance from Daily editors in weekly check-in meetings and lessons. Even if you’ve done a program with us before, you’re sure to learn new skills, encounter new challenges, and level up your journalistic skills! We have all-new content and guest speakers with fresh and exciting perspectives to bring to the table. It is open to participants of all skill levels — our editors will work with you at whatever pace you’re comfortable with and get you up to speed regardless of your level of experience. Over the course of the eight-week journalism workshop, participants will get hands-on experience in the end-to-end process of news reporting, including:  How to find stories and assess(评估) their newsworthiness  How to identify and interview sources  How to create well-structured, interesting news pieces  How to write breaking news In addition to writing, students will have the opportunity to learn multimedia and digital skills, ultimately gaining exposure to the complete, real, end-to-end experience of working in journalism. 21. What is the purpose of the journalism workshop? A. To expose high schoolers to the real world. B. To bring The Stanford Daily to a larger audience. C. To select potential writers for The Stanford Daily. D. To equip high schoolers with skills of news reporting. 22. What can participants do in the workshop? A. Start up a news writing website. B. Chair weekly meetings of Daily’s editors. C. Assess the work of Daily’s journalists. D. Get personalized guidance from professionals. 23. What is the text? A. An activity schedule. B. An online advertisement. C. A course review. D. An academic article. 【答案】21. D 22. D 23. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章是《每日新闻》2023年夏季新闻工作坊的招募广告。 21. 推理判断题。根据第六段“Even if you’ve done a program with us before, you’re sure to learn new skills, encounter new challenges, and level up your journalistic skills!(即使你以前和我们一起做过一个项目，你一定会学到新的技能，遇到新的挑战，并提高你的新闻技能！)”可知，新闻研讨会的目的是培养中学生新闻报道技能。故选D。 22. 细节理解题。根据第五段“Some writers may even get the opportunity to publish their work on The Stanford Daily’s website as they receive one-on-one guidance from Daily editors in weekly check-in meetings and lessons.(一些作者甚至有机会在《斯坦福日报》的网站上发表他们的作品，因为他们在每周的签到会议和课程中得到《日报》编辑的一对一指导)”可知，参加者可以在工作坊中获得专业人士的个性化指导。故选D。 23. 推理判断题。根据第二段“Click here for an application form(按此索取申请表格)”可推知，本文是一篇网上的广告。故选B。 B My son asked my husband and me several months ago if he could switch from his mainstream high school to an alternative education environment. At that time, I was unsure and a little heartbroken. He wasn’t doing well in that school. In my head, I knew the best thing for him was to switch to another learning environment to complete his high school year. But my heart broke a little that he would not walk the same graduation field and stage that I had walked. The scenario I had created was no longer beneficial to his well-being. My son is extremely shy and has always had a small friend group. Large groups are complex for him, and he was very upset at a school with over 2,500 kids as a child with social anxiety. A school of that size can be difficult for anyone, let alone an introvert(内向的人) with social anxiety. We discovered that the continuation school was an option with the same general curriculum required by our state to graduate high school. The credits he had already earned would carry over, and he could graduate early. After talking, we decided that this was his best option. By allowing him to choose this option, we have watched him thrive! The difference is astonishing. My son made friends; he was productive and participated in a life skills course to help himself with real-life studies. He got along well with his teachers and classmates. The most significant change we saw was that he would come home smiling and happy, enthusiastic about his day. He was excited to share what he was learning and how his day had gone, which warmed my heart. As his momma, this is all I needed — knowing that letting him choose what was suitable for his educational path was the right move. 24. How did the author feel on her son’s request at first? A. Proud. B. Puzzled. C. Disappointed. D. Embarrassed. 25. What was the problem of the author’s son? A. He had no friends. B. He didn’t really like learning. C. He was the slowest student in his class. D. He was poor at communicating with others. 26. What did the family realize after learning about the continuation school? A. It was a very satisfying option for them. B. A mainstream high school was much better. C. An alternative education was not advisable. D. The son might have difficulty in graduating. 27. The underlined word “scenario” could be best replaced by _____. A. plot B. history C. novel D. rule 【答案】24. C 25. D 26. A 27. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在面对儿子要求转学到一个继续教育环境时的内心挣扎、思考过程以及最终的决定，还有儿子在新环境下所展现出的积极变化。通过个人故事，文章探讨了教育选择对孩子幸福感和成长的重要性，展现了家庭教育决策中的爱与理解。 24. 推理判断题。由文章第一段“My son asked my husband and me several months ago if he could switch from his mainstream high school to an alternative education environment. At that time, I was unsure and a little heartbroken. (几个月前，我儿子问我和我丈夫，他是否可以从主流高中转到另一种教育环境。那时候，我很不确定，还有点心碎。)”可知，作者最初对儿子的要求感到不确定和有点心碎，因此是感到失望的。故选C。 25. 推理判断题。由文章第三段“My son is extremely shy and has always had a small friend group. Large groups are complex for him, and he was very upset at a school with over 2,500 kids as a child with social anxiety. A school of that size can be difficult for anyone, let alone an introvert (内向的人) with social anxiety. (我儿子非常害羞，他的朋友圈子很小。对他来说，大的群体是复杂的，他在一所有2500多名学生的学校里感到非常不安，因为他小时候患有社交焦虑症。这种规模的学校对任何人来说都很难，更不用说有社交焦虑的内向者了。)”可知，作者的儿子非常害羞，朋友少，且有社交焦虑，在人多的环境中会感到不安，所以他与他人沟通存在问题。故选D。 26. 推理判断题。由文章第四段中的“After talking, we decided that this was his best option. (经过讨论，我们认为这是他最好的选择。)”以及第五段中“By allowing him to choose this option, we have watched him thrive! The difference is astonishing. My son made friends; he was productive and participated in a life skills course to help himself with real-life studies. He got along well with his teachers and classmates. (通过允许他选择这个选项，我们看到了他的成长！差异是惊人的。我儿子交了朋友；他学习效率很高，参加了一个生活技能课程，以帮助自己在现实生活中学习。他与老师和同学相处得很好。)”可知，在了解了继续教育学校之后，他们认为这是非常令人满意的选项。故选A。 27. 词句猜测题。由第二段中的“He wasn’t doing well in that school. In my head, I knew the best thing for him was to switch to another learning environment to complete his high school year. But my heart broke a little that he would not walk the same graduation field and stage that I had walked. (他在那所学校表现不好。在我的脑海里，我知道对他来说最好的事情是换一个学习环境完成他的高中学业。但我的心有点碎，因为他不会走在我走过的毕业场地和舞台上。)”和“The scenario I had created was no longer beneficial to his well-being.(我所创造的scenario不再有利于他的幸福)”可知，作者所创造的场景不再有利于儿子的幸福。scenario在这里指的是作者原先设想儿子会和她一样有高中毕业的情景，后来发现这个情景不再有益于他的福祉。因此，scenario最贴近“情节、剧本”的意思。A. plot情节；B. history历史；C. novel小说；D. rule规则。故选A。 C Emergency Mask Pod(面罩舱) is a plastic, 3D-printed and football-shaped case that contains a mask that protects the lungs of someone trapped in a fire until they were rescued. Alexis got the idea for the Emergency Mask Pod after hearing that a mother had thrown her baby out of the second floor window of their smoke-filled apartment during a fire in the building. The family was trapped in their apartment by the smoke. Alexis wondered whether there was a means for people waiting outside, such as neighbors and first responders, to deliver smoke masks to people trapped in the second floors of burning buildings. Her research showed that there was no such delivery system, so Alexis set about to invent one. First, she found a small, lightweight smoke mask. The next step was to develop a way to launch or throw the mask up into an open second-story window. Alexis built several different pods, which were tested by local firefighters. Each pod was cast into a second story window more than 290 times by a total of 37 firefighters. The football-shaped pod, which Alexis printed on her MakerBot 3D printer, was the clear winner, with an accuracy rate of over 70 percent. The firefighters testing the Emergency Mask Pod told her that it is needed by firefighters arriving at the scene of a fire. They told Alexis that when they find people trapped inside, they wish they could give them some form of relief so they can breathe safely while firefighters try to reach them. A smoke delivery system could be used to provide that relief. The Emergency Mask Pod requires no special equipment, training, or permits; people at the scene of a fire could help fire victims(受害者) trapped inside smoky rooms without hesitation. EMTs, police officers, and firefighters could keep the mask and EM Pod in their vehicles and apartment complexes could store them in approachable places like community centers. The mask could easily be retrieved by victims and put on, giving them precious time for firefighters to rescue them and potentially saving hundreds or thousands of lives. 28. Why is the Emergency Mask Pod invented? A. To improve the design of smoke masks. B. To provide a way to deliver smoke masks. C. To help firefighters practice throwing skills. D. To protect first responders’ eyes from smoke. 29. How did Alexis test the effectiveness of different pods? A. By burning them in the local fire departments. B. By studying different materials for making pods. C. By doing a survey of people trapped in a fire before. D. By having firefighters throw them into windows many times. 30. Which word is closest in meaning to “retrieved” in the last paragraph? A. Returned. B. Accessed. C. Relieved. D. Launched. 31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Surviving the Flame: New Rescue Skills B. Smoke and Masks: The Future of Fire Safety C. A Lifeline through the Smoke: The Mask Pod D. Breaking through Barriers: Firefighters’ Creations 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. B 31. C 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种3D打印的足球形状的面罩舱，这种面罩舱能够通过一种方法被投射到火灾地点，从而帮助受灾群众赢得一些获救的时间和机会。 28. 细节理解题。第二段提到“Alexis wondered whether there was a means for people waiting outside, such as neighbors and first responders, to deliver smoke masks to people trapped in the second floors of burning buildings. Her research showed that there was no such delivery system, so Alexis set about to invent one.”(亚历克西斯想知道，是否有办法让等待在外面的人，比如邻居和急救人员，给被困在燃烧建筑物二楼的人送去防烟口罩。她的研究表明，没有这样的输送系统，所以亚历克西斯着手发明一个。)可知，亚力克西斯的研究发现，虽然有防烟口罩，但是没有这样的输送系统，这样也影响了火灾救援的效果，因此她想要发明一种方式来运送这种防烟口罩。故选B。 29. 细节理解题。第三段第三、四句提到“Alexis built several different pods, which were tested by local firefighters. Each pod was cast into a second story window more than 290 times by a total of 37 firefighters.”(亚历克西斯建造了几个不同的吊舱，由当地消防员进行了测试。每个吊舱被37名消防员扔进二楼窗户290多次。)由此判断，亚力克西斯是通过让消防员扔来测试其有效性的。故选D。 30. 词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“......by victims and put on, giving them precious time for firefighters to rescue them and potentially saving hundreds or thousands of lives.”(可以很容易地被受害者并戴上，为消防员拯救他们提供了宝贵的时间，并可能挽救数百或数千人的生命。)可知，这种面具如果要能很快地被受害者戴上的话，一定要能够方便受害者得到，这样才能为消防员的解救争取时间，retrieved在此处的意思是“取回”，与“accessed”(接近；获取)意思最接近。A. Returned.归还；B. Accessed.接近；获取；C. Relieved.缓解；减轻；D. Launched.发射。B项与划线词意思最为接近。故选B。 31. 主旨大意题。文章第一段通过一个让人痛心的事情引出亚克力西斯对于emergency mask pod的想法，包括如何更加有效地投放面罩，其中最后一段提出“The mask could easily be retrieved by victims and put on, giving them precious time for firefighters to rescue them and potentially saving hundreds or thousands of lives.”(这种面具可以很容易地被受害者收回并戴上，为消防员拯救他们提供了宝贵的时间，并可能挽救数百或数千人的生命。)可知，文章主要介绍了Emergency Mask Pod的发明及其在火灾中的重要作用，C项“A Lifeline through the Smoke: The Mask Pod”(穿越烟雾的生命线：面罩舱)符合文意。故选C。 D Parents of teenagers often view their children’s friends with distrust, worrying that their children will be pushed by their peers(同龄人) into doing something foolish or even dangerous. Their worries hold water. In a previous study, psychologist Laurence Steinberg found that a teenage driver with a same-age passenger in the car is at higher risk of traffic accidents than one driving alone or with an adult. In the following years, Steinberg examined why teens were more likely to take risks in the company of other teenagers. In a later study, by scanning (扫描) the brains of 40 teens and adults, Steinberg found the brains of teenagers, but not adults, showed greater activity in two regions associated with rewards when they were being observed by same-age peers. The reward systems of the brain are activated whenever people experience something rewarding, like eating a nice-tasting food, which make them feel satisfied. In this case, rewards are greater for teens, which motivates them to seek higher-risk experiences. But Steinberg thought peer pressure might also have its positive side. In the latest study, Steinberg’s team used a card game to research how peers affect the way young people gather and apply information. It involved 101 teenage boys who played either alone or with three peers. They chose cards from four decks (牌堆): two decks had “good” cards, and two “bad” ones. Players with peers were more willing to take risks, trying to figure out which decks could help them to win. The results showed that teens playing with their peers engage in more exploratory behavior, learn faster and achieve better performance on the task than those playing alone. Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teens’ keen sensitivity (敏感) to the presence of friends to improve education. “Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity,” wrote Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, a professor at University College London. 13. What do the underlined words “hold water” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Make sense. B. Face doubts. C. Bring relief. D. Start debates. 33. What is the reason behind teens’ dangerous behavior? A. Inability to tell right from wrong. B. A sense of satisfaction. C. Eagerness to follow their friends. D. Lack of social experience. 34. How does risk-taking affect teens in the latest study? A. It starts fights between them. B. It inspires them to question. C. It weakens their independence. D. It helps them to learn better. 35. What would Blakemore suggest teachers do in the classroom? A. Conduct group discussion. B. Improve time management. C. Encourage personal opinions. D. Develop decision-making skills. 【答案】32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了青少年与同龄人在一起时更容易冒险的原因，并通过实验表明同龄人的影响也会促使青少年在学习方面取得更好的表现，专家建议利用青少年对朋友的敏感来促进教育。 32. 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Parents of teenagers often view their children’s friends with distrust, worrying that their children will be pushed by their peers into doing something foolish or even dangerous. Their worries hold water.”(青少年的父母往往不信任他们孩子的朋友，担心他们的孩子会被同龄人怂恿去做一些愚蠢甚至危险的事情。他们的担忧hold water。)和下文“In a previous study, psychologist Laurence Steinberg found that a teenage driver with a same-age passenger in the car is at higher risk of traffic accidents than one driving alone or with an adult.”(在之前的一项研究中，心理学家劳伦斯·斯坦伯格发现，与单独驾驶或与成年人驾驶相比，与同龄乘客一起驾驶的青少年司机发生交通事故的风险更高。)可知，下文用一项研究结论来说明青少年与同龄人在一起时，做一些愚蠢甚至危险的事情，发生意外的可能性确实更高，所以“父母的担心是有道理的”，hold water与make sense意思相近，意为“有道理”。故选A项。 33. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The reward systems of the brain are activated whenever people experience something rewarding, like eating a nice-tasting food, which make them feel satisfied. In this case, rewards are greater for teens, which motivates them to seek higher-risk experiences.”(当人们体验到一些有益的东西时，大脑的奖励系统就会被激活，比如吃到美味的食物，这会让他们感到满足。在这种情况下，青少年获得的奖励更大，这促使他们寻求更高风险的体验。)可知，青少年之所以会有危险行为，是因为他们寻求奖励，寻求满足感，所以获得满足感是青少年危险行为背后的原因。故选B项。 34. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Players with peers were more willing to take risks, trying to figure out which decks could help them to win. The results showed that teens playing with their peers engage in more exploratory behavior, learn faster and achieve better performance on the task than those playing alone.”(有同伴的玩家更愿意冒险，试图找出哪些牌组可以帮助他们获胜。结果表明，与同龄人一起玩的青少年比单独玩的青少年更有探索行为，学习速度更快，在任务中表现更好。)可知，在最新的研究中，有同伴的玩家更愿意冒险，而这种冒险可以帮助青少年学得更快，表现更好。故选D项。 35. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teens’ keen sensitivity (敏感) to the presence of friends to improve education.”(现在，一些专家建议，我们应该利用青少年对朋友在场的敏锐感知来改善教育。)和Blakemore的话“Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity,”(在教育背景下，冒险是一项重要的技能，它能够促进进步和创造力的发展。)可推知，Blakemore会建议教师在课堂上进行小组讨论等活动，利用青少年对朋友在场的敏锐感知来提高他们的冒险精神和创造力。故选A项。 第二节（共5 小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is a necessary process for maintaining the health of the human body. 36 Here are four research-backed reasons why this salt-based fluid can benefit you. •Sweating is good for your skin. Sweat is known to cool the skin, bringing toxins(毒素) to the surface and giving the skin a healthy glow. Research shows that sweating can increase and maintain skin hydration. However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne(痤疮). 37 •Sweating makes you happy. When you are hot, your heart beats faster to cool the body, releasing endorphins that cause feelings of joy. 38 In a recent study, people who smelled “joyful sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness. However, those exposed to fear-induced sweat showed characteristics of terror. •Sweating supports your heart. When sitting in a sauna(桑拿), your body temperature rises, so your body works overtime to  cool itself down by sweating. 39 A 20-year Finnish study found that people who sweated it out regularly in a sauna had a lower rate of sudden cardiac(心脏的) deaths. • 40    If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign. Athletes tend to sweat sooner and more than inactive people. Their bodies have learned to cool down more efficiently during physical activity. A study conducted by the Public Library of Science supports this, showing that long-distance runners not only got sweatier sooner, but also activated more sweat glands(汗腺), resulting in more sweat than their non-active counterparts. A. And you’ll be better off for it. B. Sweating a lot means that you are fit. C. Thus, it’s essential to wash your face and body after sweating. D. Sweat is the stuff that floods out when our body temperature rises. E. Sweating contributes to a decrease in blood pressure to some extent. F. Your sweaty self can also make those around you feel more delightful. G. This is a natural bodily function that helps to regulate body temperature and prevent overheating. 【答案】36. G 37. C 38. F 39. A 40. B 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章从四个方面解释了为什么出汗有好处。 36. 前一句“Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is necessary.(出汗可能不是你最喜欢做的事情，但它是必要的)”提到，出汗是必要的，G项“这是一种自然的身体功能，有助于调节体温，防止过热”是对sweating的一个整体性的介绍性文字，其中的“It”指代前一句中“Sweating”，同时也是对前一句中“necessary”的进一步解释，故选G。 37. 根据本段小标题“Sweating is good for your skin.(出汗对你的皮肤有好处)”和前一句“However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne.(然而，汗液在皮肤上停留太长时间会导致痤疮等皮肤病)”可知，本段讲出汗对皮肤的好处，但是皮肤上停留太长时间会导致痤疮等皮肤病，由此推知，设空处应与清洗有关，C项“所以，出汗后洗脸和洗澡是很有必要的”符合语境，和前一句构成因果关系，故选C。 38. 根据本段小标题“Sweating makes you happy.(出汗让你快乐)”和空后一句“In a 2015 study, people who smelled “happy sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness.(在2015年的一项研究中，闻到‘快乐汗水’的人表现出与幸福相关的倾向)”可知，本段主要讲出汗让人感到快乐，闻到“快乐汗水”的人也会快乐，F项“汗流浃背的自己也会让你周围的人感到更快乐”符合语境，故选F。 39. 根据上文“When sitting in a sauna(桑拿), your body temperature rises, so your body works overtime to  cool itself down by sweating.”(当你坐在桑拿浴室里时，你的体温会升高，所以你的身体会超时工作，通过出汗来降温)可知，选项承接上文说明其好处。故A选项“你会感觉更好”切题。故选A项。 40. 根据本段中“If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign.(如果你在运动中大量出汗，这通常是一个积极的迹象)”可知，本段是讲出汗多是一个积极的迹象，B项“出汗多意味着你很健康”符合语境，B项中的“a lot”和段落中“heavily”、“got sweatier”、“more sweat”相关，故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 ‘Small Data’ Are Also Crucial for Machine Learning Many people relate “artificial intelligence” with “big data.” There’s a reason for that: some of the most prominent AI breakthroughs in the past decade have relied on enormous data sets. Image 41 made great progress in the 2010s thanks to the development of ImageNet, a data set containing millions of images hand sorted into thousands of categories. More recently, GPT-3, a language model, was trained on 42 online texts to produce humanlike text in Jan, 2021. So it is not surprising to see AI being tightly connected with “big data” in the 43 imagination. But AI is not only about large data sets, and research in “small data” approaches has grown extensively over the past decade. The so-called transfer learning serves as an especially 44 example. Also known as “fine-tuning,” transfer learning is helpful in settings where you have 45 data on the task of interest but abundant data on a related problem. You need to first train a model using a big data set and then retrain slightly using a smaller one related to your 46 problem. A research team working on German-language speech recognition, 47 , showed that they could improve their results by starting with an English-language speech model trained on a larger data set. Then, they used transfer learning to 48 that model for a smaller data set of German-language audio. Small data approaches such as transfer learning are more 49 than more data-intensive methods. They can promote progress in areas where little or no data exist, such as in forecasting natural hazards that occur relatively 50 . In this context, small data approaches will become increasingly important as more organizations look to diversify AI application areas and invest in previously 51 fields. Despite the progress in research, transfer learning has received relatively little 52 . While many machine learning experts are likely familiar with it at this point, the existence of techniques such as transfer learning does not seem to have reached the awareness of the broader space of policymakers in positions of making important decisions about AI funding and 53 . As long as the success of small data technique like transfer learning is 54 , resources can be allocated to support their widespread use. In that case, we can help correct the popular 55 regarding the role of data in AI and foster innovation in new directions. 41. A. standard B. classification C. quality D. acquisition 42. A. written B. limited C. spoken D. abundant 43. A. moral B. visual C. literary D. popular 44. A. complicated B. interesting C. promising D. distinguished 45. A. extra B. different C. available D. few 46. A. personal B. specific C. technical D. potential 47. A. in addition B. or rather C. in particular D. for example 48. A. adjust B. invent C. follow D. check 49. A. definite B. advantageous C. complex D. precise 50. A. remotely B. severely C. ultimately D. rarely 51. A. underexplored B. underestimated C. underpopulated D. underqualified 52. A. guidance B. respect C. supervision D. visibility 53. A. publication B. adoption C. tracking D. polishing 54. A. celebrated B. evaluated C. recognized D. diversified 55. A. challenge B. concern C. fear D. misunderstanding 【答案】 41. B 42. D 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了像迁移学习这样的小数据方法比数据密集型“大数据”更有优势，但它还需要得到认可，才会有更多的资源来支持它的广泛使用。 41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于图网的发展，图像分类在21世纪10年代取得了巨大的进步。图网是一个包含了数以百万计的图像的数据集，其中的图像被手工分类成了数千个类别。A. standard标准；B. classification分类；C. quality品质；D. acquisition习得。根据下文“thanks to the development of ImageNet, a data set containing millions of images hand sorted into thousands of categories.”可知，图网是一个对图像进行分类的数据集，所以图网的发展推动了图像分类的巨大进步。故选B项。 42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最近，一种语言模型GPT-3，通过对大量线上文本的训练，于2021年1月生成了类似人类的文本。A. written书面的；B. limited有限的；C. spoken口头的；D. abundant大量的。根据下文“So it is not surprising to see AI being tightly connected with ‘big data’”中“So”可知，由上文的例子得出人工智能与“大数据”联系紧密这一结果，反之，上文事例中的语言模型GPT-3利用了“大数据”，即大量的线上文本。故选D项。 43. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，在普遍的想象中，人工智能与“大数据”联系紧密，这并不奇怪。A. moral道德的；B. visual视觉的；C. literary文学的；D. popular普遍的，受欢迎的。结合第一段“Many people relate ‘artificial intelligence’ with ‘big data.’”和上文两个具体事例可知，人工智能与“大数据”联系紧密是普遍的认识，是普遍的想象。故选D项。 44. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但人工智能不仅仅与大数据有关，过去十年中，对“小数据”方法的研究得到了广泛发展。所谓的迁移学习就是一个特别有前景的例子。A. complicated复杂的；B. interesting有趣的；C. promising有希望的，有前途的；D. distinguished卓越的。根据第三段中“They can promote progress in areas where little or no data exist, such as in forecasting natural hazards that occur relatively 　　　10　　　 .”可知，迁移学习是有前途的。故选C项。 45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：迁移学习，也即“微调”，可以在当你感兴趣的事项上数据很少，而相似问题上有丰富的数据时发挥作用。A. extra 额外的；B. different不同的；C. available可用的；D. few很少。根据句中“but”可知，前后文有对比关系，“abundant data on a related problem”与“few data on the task of interest”形成对比。故选D项。 46. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：首先你用大数据集对一个模型进行训练，然后对于你相关的特定的问题，用较小的数据集稍微地进行再训练。A. personal个人的；B. specific特定的；C. technical技术的；D. potential潜在的。根据下文事例中“English-language speech model”和“German-language speech recognition”可知，先用大数据集对一个模型进行训练，再针对特定的问题用较小的数据集进行再训练。故选B项。 47. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，一个研究德语语音识别的团队表明，他们可以通过在更大的数据集上训练英语语音模型来改善他们的结果。A. in addition另外；B. or rather更精确地说；C. in particular尤其；D. for example例如。上文提出先用大数据集对一个模型进行训练，然后对于你相关的特定的问题，用较小的数据集稍微地进行再训练，本句用“德语语音识别”项目进行举例说明。故选D项。 48. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他们使用迁移学习来调整该模型，以适应更小的德语音频数据集。A. adjust调整；B. invent发明；C. follow跟随；D. check检查。上文提出先用大数据集对一个模型进行训练，然后对于你相关的特定的问题，用较小的数据集稍微地进行再训练，结合句中“starting with”和下文“that model for a smaller data set of German-language audio.”可推知，在用较小的数据集进行再训练时，需要调整模型。故选A项。 49. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像迁移学习这样的小数据方法比数据密集型方法更有优势。A. definite确定的；B. advantageous有利的；C. complex复杂的；D. precise精确的。根据下文“They can promote progress in areas where little or no data exist, such as in forecasting natural hazards”可知，像迁移学习这样的小数据方法可以在很少或没有数据的领域取得进展，更有优势。故选B项。 50. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：它们可以促进在很少或没有数据的领域取得进展，例如在预测发生相对较少的自然灾害方面。A. remotely偏僻地；B. severely严重地；C. ultimately最终；D. rarely很少。根据上文“where little or no data exist”可知，这里说的是发生相对较少的自然灾害，所有很少或没有数据。故选D项。 51. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这种背景下，小数据方法将变得越来越重要，因为越来越多的组织希望使AI应用领域多样化，并投资于以前未开发的领域。A. underexplored未充分开发的；B. underestimated被低估的；C. underpopulated人口稀少的；D. underqualified学历不足的。 根据“diversify AI application areas”可知，更多的机构希望使AI应用的领域多样化，会投资于以前未开发的领域。故选A项。 52. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管迁移学习的研究取得了进展，但它的关注度相对较低。A. guidance指导；B. respect尊敬；C. supervision监督；D. visibility关注度。根据下文“the existence of techniques such as transfer learning does not seem to have reached the awareness of the broader space of policymakers in positions of making important decisions”可知，迁移学习并未引起重视和关注。故选D项。 53. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：  虽然目前许多机器学习专家可能对它很熟悉，但迁移学习等技术的存在似乎还没有达到决策者更广泛的意识空间，他们能就人工智能的资金和采用做出重要决定。A. publication出版；B. adoption采用；C. tracking追踪；D. polishing抛光。根据“policymakers in positions of making important decisions”可知，决策者可以决定对一项技术的资金支持和技术的采用。故选B项。 54. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要像迁移学习这样的小数据技术的成功得到认可，就可以分配资源来支持它们的广泛使用。A. celebrated庆祝；B. evaluated评估；C. recognized认识；D. diversified使……多样化。根据上文“the existence of techniques such as transfer learning does not seem to have reached the awareness of the broader space of policymakers”和下文“resources can be allocated to support their widespread use”可推知，像迁移学习这样的小数据技术并未引起重视和关注，所有只有得到认可，才能获得更多的资源来支持它们的广泛使用。故选C项。 55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，我们可以帮助纠正关于数据在人工智能中作用的普遍误解，并在新的方向上促进创新。A. challenge挑战；B. concern担心；C. fear害怕；D. misunderstanding误解。根据第一段中“Many people relate ‘artificial intelligence’ with ‘big data.’”和“But AI is not only about large data sets, and research in ‘small data’ approaches has grown extensively over the past decade.”可知，人们对数据在人工智能中的作用有普遍误解。故选D项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Arts and crafts have a way of reinventing themselves. Take embroidery(刺绣) for instance, it was within the last five years 56 it has exploded thanks to talented makers that inspire people on social media. Paper quilling(衍纸纸艺) has had 57 similar rise. The last several years 58 (see) artists returning to the craft dating back to centuries ago. Like many forms of craft, paper quilling can trace 59 (it) origins back hundreds of years to at least the 15th century. French and Italian nuns are believed 60 (create) it. In addition to embroidery, it 61 (consider) “proper pastime” for young women and was taught in boarding schools. Quilling is the art of handmaking and arranging small strips of paper into detailed designs. 62 (depend) on the desired shape and appearance, it can be rolled, looped, twisted, and curled. Glue is used to secure the paper strips into place. Paper quilling is a decorative art and is known 63 works like fancy flourishes and florals. Because of this reputation, it’s 64 (common) used on things like greeting cards, boxes, jewelry, and more. But with its recent surge in 65 (popular), it’s also seen in advertising campaigns and pieces you might find in an art gallery. 【答案】 56. that 57. a 58. have seen 59. its 60. to have created 61. was considered 62. Depending 63. for 64. commonly 65. Popularity 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章详细介绍了衍纸纸艺的历史、形式和复兴。 56. 考查强调句。句意：以刺绣为例，正是在过去五年里，多亏了有才华的制作者在社交媒体上激励人们，刺绣才得以蓬勃发展。分析句子结构，去掉it was和空处，句子的结构和意义依然完整，由此可知，这里是“it is/was...that/who...”强调句型，被强调部分是时间状语within the last five years，所以应用that连接。故填that。 57. 考查冠词。句意：衍纸纸艺也有类似的崛起。rise在这里意为“(重要性、优势、权力等的)增强”，为可数名词，此处为繁殖，其前应用不定冠词。且similar的发音以辅音音素开头，所以应用a。故填a。 58. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，艺术家们重拾了几个世纪前的这一工艺。表示时间的名词作主语时，若强调整体，则谓语用单数，若强调个体，则谓语用复数。句子的主语为The last several years，表示过去经历的每一年，强调个体，所以谓语应用复数形式。且这里表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，应用现在完成时。故填have seen。 59. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：像许多工艺形式一样，衍纸纸艺可以追溯到数百年前，至少可以追溯到15世纪。根据空后的origins，这里应用形容词性物主代词its，作定语。故填its。 60. 考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为法国和意大利修女创造它。sb./sth. be believed to do sth.为固定句型，意为“人们认为某人/某物做某事”。根据句意，create表示的动作发生在are believed之前，所以应用不定式的完成式。故填to have created。 61. 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：除了刺绣，它还被认为是年轻女性的“适当消遣”，并在寄宿学校教授。根据and后的was taught可知，这里应用一般过去时。主语为it，和consider之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态，且谓语应用单数形式。故填was considered。 62. 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据想要的形状和外观，它可以被轧制、绕环、扭曲和卷曲。分析句子结构，句子的谓语为can be，所以空处应用非谓语动词。depending on意为“取决于”，为固定用法，是独立结构，不考虑和主语的逻辑住被动关系，在句中作状语。故填Depending。 63. 考查介词。句意：衍纸纸艺是一种装饰艺术，以华丽的装饰和花朵等作品而闻名。be known for...意为“以……而闻名”，为固定搭配。故填for。 64. 考查副词。句意：由于这个声誉，它通常用于贺卡、盒子、珠宝等物品。这里应用副词修饰谓语。commonly意为“通常，常常”。故填commonly。 65. 考查名词。句意：但随着它最近的人气飙升，它也出现在广告活动和你或许在美术馆里发现的作品中。根据空前的in，这里应用名词。popularity意为“受欢迎”，为不可数名词。故填popularity。 第三节（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 根据汉语或者用所给单词的正确形式填空。 66. (addict) to video games, he didn’t realize the danger is drawing near. 【答案】Addicted 【详解】考查形容词。句意：沉迷于电子游戏后，他并没有意识到危险即将来临。短语be addicted to，意为“沉迷于”，符合句意，句子已有谓语，故去掉be动词，用形容词addicted作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Addicted。 67. The new product which will come out next month is a (combine) of traditional methods and artificial intelligence. 【答案】combination 【详解】考查名词。句意：将于下个月推出的新产品是传统方法和人工智能的结合。设空前有a修饰，应用名词单数作表语，根据提示词，故填combination。 68. The meeting s to be held this weekend has been delayed for unexpected reasons. 【答案】scheduled/scheduled 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：原定于本周末举行的会议因意想不到的原因被推迟。根据句意和所给首字母，应是动词 schedule；主语the annual meeting和schedule之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填scheduled。 69. The museum is open daily t the year, so you may go there at your convenience any day. 【答案】throughout/hroughout 【详解】考查介词。句意：博物馆全年都开放，所以你可以随时方便的时候去。分析可知设空处为介词，根据句意和首字母可知是throughout，throughout the year意为“全年，一年四季”，故填throughout。 70. The study suggested that the wide use of c in agriculture had caused water pollution in this area. 【答案】chemicals 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这项研究表明，在农业中广泛使用化学制品造成了这个地区的水污染。分析句子该空需要一个名词作宾语，根据语境，造成水污染应该是化学物质造成的，结合首字母c可知，名词chemical符合语境。该名词为可数名词，可应用于农业的化学制品很多，应该使用名词复数形式。故填chemicals。 71. A wonderful idea o to him when he was walking aimlessly in the street. 【答案】occurred/ccurred 【详解】考查时态和固定短语。句意：当他在街上漫无目的地走着时，他想到了一个好主意。短语occur to sb，意为“……被想到；出现在头脑中”，符合句意，根据从句可知时态应用一般过去时，故填occurred。 72. It is reported that the earthquake that s the city yesterday destroyed the system of electricity supply. 【答案】struck/truck 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据报道，昨天袭击这个城市的地震破坏了电力供应系统。根据句意和首字母提示应填strike“侵袭；袭击”，分析句子可知，that引导定语从句，strike在从句中作谓语，that指代先行词the earthquake，与谓语strike是主动关系，由yesterday可知，用一般过去时，故填struck。 73. The bell i the end of the class rang, stopping our heated discussion. 【答案】indicating/ndicating 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：上课结束的铃响了，停止了我们激烈的讨论。设空处为非谓语动词，修饰名词The bell，和名词bell之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，根据首字母和句意，故填indicating。 74. Young people may risk going deaf if e to very loud music every day. 【答案】exposed/xposed 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果每天都接触到非常吵闹的音乐，年轻人可能会有失聪的风险。分析可知，if条件状语从句完整表达为if they are exposed to very loud music every day，从句主语和主句主语一致，所以从句可以省略主语和be动词，故填exposed。 75. Improved consumer confidence is important to an (经济的) recovery. 【答案】economic 【详解】考查形容词。句意：改善消费者信心对经济复苏至关重要。设空处修饰名词recovery作定语，应用形容词，根据汉语提示，故填economic。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，暑假期间你在2024年巴黎奥运会(2024 Paris Olympics)中担任了志愿者，经历了一段难忘的旅程，请你给英国笔友Jim写一封电子邮件分享此次当志愿者的经历，内容包括：1. 你的职责；2. 你的收获。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Jim, This summer holiday, I was lucky to be a volunteer for the 2024 Paris Olympics, which I am writing to share with you. My job as a volunteer was to organize the audience to enter the stadium and guide them to watch the game in a civilized way. Although it was a very simple task, I was proud of it because I played an important role in maintaining the order of the scene. Through this experience, I not only improved my communication skills but also gained a deeper understanding of the spirit of sports. It was an unforgettable journey. Yours, Li Hua 【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Jim写一封电子邮件，分享一下作为巴黎奥运会志愿者的经历。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 幸运的：lucky → fortunate 对……感到自豪：be proud of → take pride in 维持：maintain → keep 难忘的：unforgettable → memorable 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Through this experience, I not only improved my communication skills but also gained a deeper understanding of the spirit of sports. 拓展句：Through this experience, not only did I improve my communication skills but also gained a deeper understanding of the spirit of sports. 【点睛】 【高分句型1】This summer holiday, I was lucky to be a volunteer for the 2024 Paris Olympics, which I am writing to share with you. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Although it was a very simple task, I was very proud of it because I played an important role in maintaining the order of the scene.(运用了although引导的让步状语从句和because引导的原因状语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was my birthday that day, and my grandfather gave me a gift—a piggy bank. It had an opening through which one could put money in, but the opening was not big enough to reach in and get the money out. The only way to get the money was to break the piggy hank open. My grandfather explained that was the whole idea. And he added. “The piggy bank would help save your money so that, at the end of the year, you might have enough for that bike you dreamed about.” He asked if I would put some of the money he gave me into the piggy bank. I agreed immediately and promised sincerely, “I wouldn’t break it open until I could afford my dream bike.” Whenever my grandfather gave me some pocket money, he would say, “This is for spending. But you can save some and put it in the piggy bank if you want to save it up.” When he gave me larger amounts, it was clear for me to save the extra money in the piggy bank. For some time, this worked fine. I loved shaking the piggy hank and hearing the sound of the coins. As it became heavier, I grew more excited, dreaming about buying my new bike, and all the adventures I could have on it. Whenever I wanted to take some money from the piggy bank to buy delicious ice-creams or beautiful presents. I would imagine riding my bike on the street, and thinking of that, my thoughts about buying those things went away. So for almost three years. I had only put money into the piggy hank without taking any out. I thought I wouldn’t break my piggy hank for anything. Bat one day something unexpected happened. I saw a piece of news on the television that a serious earthquake had happened in a nearby province. As many houses were destroyed, a lot of children became homeless. Seeing their shabby clothes and crying faces. I was sleepless that night. Staring at my piggy bank. I was thinking about what I could do with it. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为50左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next morning. I took out my piggy bank and shook it. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hearing the noise. my grandfather came over. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The next morning, I took out my piggy bank and shook it. “There should be a lot of money in it. This is years of my savings,” I said to myself. I was about to break it and withdraw money when my mina came back to the bike I wanted to buy, and I hesitated. However, thinking of the look in the eyes of the children hoping for help in the earthquake, I grabbed the piggy bank and threw it to the ground. Suddenly, the piggy bank broke into pieces and the coins rolled all over the floor. Hearing the noise, my grandfather came over. I explained to him what had happened. Having known my thought, he fondly touched my head and said, “Good boy, you did the right thing. Grandpa is proud of you.” He continued, “My dear grandson, you deserve that bicycle. As a bonus, let’s buy that bike together now.” “Thank you, Grandpa,” I was overwhelmed with happiness. From that day on, you would always see me riding my bike on the street, leaving my hearty laughter behind. 【语篇解读】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了爷爷送作者一个存钱罐，作者努力存钱，想要买自己心仪的自行车。当看到临近省份发生了地震的电视新闻后，作者决定把钱捐给地震灾区的孩子们的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“第二天早上，我拿出我的存钱罐，摇了摇。”可知，第一段可描写作者的最终决定，打破存钱罐，把钱捐给地震灾区的孩子们。 ②由第二段首句内容“听到噪音，我爷爷走了过来。”可知，第二段可描写了解了事情的经过后，爷爷的反应。 2.续写线索：犹豫——决定——解释——支持——奖励 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①回来：come back to/return to ②.犹豫：hesitate/ hang back 情绪类 ①.以……为骄傲：be proud of/take pride in ②.幸福：happiness/blessedness 【点睛】 [高分句型1]I was about to break it and withdraw money when my mina came back to the bike I wanted to buy, and I hesitated.(运用了be about to do when句型以及省略关系代词that的定语从句) [高分句型2]From that day on, you would always see me riding my bike on the street, leaving my hearty laughter behind.(运用了现在分词作状语) 17 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（江苏专用，译林版2020） 英语·参考答案 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. C 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15 小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 21. D 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. D 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A 第二节（共5 小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 36. G 37. C 38. F 39. A 40. B 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 41. B 42. D 43. D 44. C 45. D 46. B 47. D 48. A 49. B 50. D 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. D 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 56. that 57. a 58. have seen 59. its 60. to have created 61. was considered 62. Depending 63. for 64. commonly 65. Popularity 第三节（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 66. Addicted 67. combination 68. scheduled/scheduled 69. throughout/hroughout 70. chemicals 71. occurred/ccurred 72. struck/truck 73. indicating/ndicating 74. exposed/xposed 75. economic 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） Dear Jim, This summer holiday, I was lucky to be a volunteer for the 2024 Paris Olympics, which I am writing to share with you. My job as a volunteer was to organize the audience to enter the stadium and guide them to watch the game in a civilized way. Although it was a very simple task, I was proud of it because I played an important role in maintaining the order of the scene. Through this experience, I not only improved my communication skills but also gained a deeper understanding of the spirit of sports. It was an unforgettable journey. Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） The next morning, I took out my piggy bank and shook it. “There should be a lot of money in it. This is years of my savings,” I said to myself. I was about to break it and withdraw money when my mina came back to the bike I wanted to buy, and I hesitated. However, thinking of the look in the eyes of the children hoping for help in the earthquake, I grabbed the piggy bank and threw it to the ground. Suddenly, the piggy bank broke into pieces and the coins rolled all over the floor. Hearing the noise, my grandfather came over. I explained to him what had happened. Having known my thought, he fondly touched my head and said, “Good boy, you did the right thing. Grandpa is proud of you.” He continued, “My dear grandson, you deserve that bicycle. As a bonus, let’s buy that bike together now.” “Thank you, Grandpa,” I was overwhelmed with happiness. From that day on, you would always see me riding my bike on the street, leaving my hearty laughter behind. ( 2 / 2 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$听力考试正式开始。This is the most wonderful party I have ever visited. Wow, it's almost twelve o'clock. How can we get home? It's so late, and the buses and subways have all stopped running. IT looks as though we have no choice but to call a taxi. Listen to the next question. I must say, miss, the food was great and i've never had Better service. Well, thank you, sir. I'll pass your praise onto the cook in the manager, and thanks to for the tip. Listen to the next question. Do you know why I pulled you over just now? Sir, i'm going to give you a speeding ticket. Sorry, he is an emergency. My wife is giving birth at the hospital, so I was rushing from the office to be with her. Listen the next question. Mom, where's my english dictionary? I've landed to Lucy. Do you want to use IT? No, I want to get the stand by put in IT yesterday. Listen to the next question. Honey, next friday is our wedding anniversary. How about ordering a candle light dinner for two in the chinese restaurant next to our community? Come on, you orde that meal. Every wedding anniversary, we have already eaten that three times. Listen to the next question. You look upset. What's the matter, paul? I locked my keys in the car, but I have to go to the airport to pick up my aunt. So what are you going to do? I don't know. Could I borrow your car for a few hours? I'm sorry, but I need to drive you to the hospital this afternoon. Do you have spare akey at home? I could drive you home now. Yes, that will be great. You look upset. What's the matter, paul? I locked my keys in the car, but I have to go to the airport to pick up my aunt. So what are you going to do? I don't know. Could I borrow your car for a few hours? I'm sorry, but I need to drive you to the hospital this afternoon. Do you have Sparked keys at home? I could drive you home now. Yes, that will be great. Listen to the next question. Excuse me, sir, do you mind if I take a few minutes of your time? No, go ahead. thanks. Do you consider the food you had delicious? Honestly, I think it's overcooked. The stake was tough and the peas were like bullets. I'm sorry to hear that maybe next time you might want to enjoy your stake medium well. IT takes tender a no. i'd still wanted to be well done, but don't make IT tough again. Excuse me, sir, do you mind if I take a few minutes of your time? No, go ahead. thanks. Do you consider the food you had delicious? Honestly, I think it's overcooked. The stake was tough and the peas were like bullets. I'm sorry to hear that maybe next time you might want to enjoy your stake medium well. IT takes tender. A no, I still wanted to be well done, but don't make IT tough again. Listen to the next question. Is this your car? Yes. why are you asking? You mustn't park your car here. Don't you see the sign? No parking here. Oh, i'm sorry, I didn't notice that I haven't been here more than three minutes. I'll have to ask you to move your car once, otherwise you'll be getting a parking ticket. Well, where I mind to park my car. there is a car park just around the corner. Most likely it's full. Well, anyway, you can't stay here. You see, you are blocking the traffic. Can I see your driving license? sure. One moment here you are. Thank you, sir. Now you must move your car very well. officer, i'm going. Is this your car? Yes, why are you asking? You mustn't . park your car here. Don't you see the sign? No parking here. Oh, i'm sorry, I didn't notice that I haven't been here more than three minutes. I'll have to ask you to move your car once, otherwise you'll be getting a . parking ticket. Well, where I mind to park my car. there is a car park just around the corner. Most likely it's full. Well, anyway, you can't stay here. You see, you are blocking the traffic. Can I see your driving license? sure. One moment here you are. Thank you, sir. Now you must move your car very well. officer, i'm going. Listen to the next question. Mark, have you ever been to the picture? Yes, I went there in july twenty seventeen and went there again last october. Actually, i'm planning to visit IT begin this year. Have you seen the tigers there? Certainly they were pretty impressive. Do you know there was a tiger attack at the trip o zoo last saturday? No, I didn't read newspapers these days, and I had no time to read online news either. I watched the news on the website. The incident happened around nine thirty AM last saturday when a so tiger attacked a zookeeper. How was the worker? The zookeeper was awake when he was taken by ambuLance to a hospital. Her injuries were not deadly. Did any people witnessed incident? Yes, the zoo was open. Then was the zoo closed? Yes, but IT reopened forty five minutes later. Mark, have you ever been to the topic here? Yes, I went there in july twenty seventeen and went there again last october. Actually, i'm planning to visit IT again . in this year. Have you seen the tigers there? Certainly they were pretty impressive. Do you know there was a tiger attack at the trip o zoo last saturday? No, I didn't read newspapers these days, and I had no time to read online news either. I watched the news on the website. The incident happened around nine thirty AM last saturday when a so tiger attacked a zoom keeper. How was the worker? The zookeeper was awake when he was taken by ambuLance to a hospital. Her injuries were not deadly. Did any people witnessed incident? Yes, the zoo was open. Then was the zoo closed? Yes, but IT reopened forty five minutes later. Listen to the next question. Good evening, everyone. In tonight's book time, i'd like to introduce one of the best children's books. The book is I walk with vanesa. This wonderful wordless picture book is for little ones aged five to ten years old. IT tells the story of a new girl in school. Vanesa the new girl spent her first day in school all by herself. SHE does not join in the games, neither does he take part in the classroom activities. As soon as school is over, SHE leaves quickly on her way home. SHE is badly treated by another child. A girl in her class seize this incident. That girl spends the entire evening thinking about what he saw and what he can do to help. In the morning of the next day, he has an idea. SHE goes to Venus as home and walks with her to school. Friends join the walk, and soon the entire school is walking with Vanessa. This wonderful picture book teaches children what to do if they see someone badly treated by others. And IT also teaches children that a simple act of kindness can really help. Thank you for listening to our program. Good evening, everyone. In tonight's book time, i'd like to introduce one of the best children's books. The book is I walk with Vanessa. This wonderful wordless picture book is for little ones aged five to ten years old. IT tells the story of a new girl in school. Vanesa the new girl spent her first day in school all by herself. SHE does not join in the games, neither does he take part in the classroom activities. As soon as school is over, SHE leaves quickly on her way home. SHE is badly treated by another child. A girl in her class seize this incident. That girl spends the entire evening thinking about what he saw and what he can do to help. In the morning of the next day, he has an idea. SHE goes to a as s home and walks with her to school. Friends join the walk, and soon the entire school is walking with Vanessa. This wonderful picture book teaches children what to do if they see someone badly treated by others. And IT also teaches children that a simple, active kindness ss can really help. Thank you for listening to our program. 听力部分到此结束。 2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（江苏专用，译林版2020） 英语·答题卡 姓名： 准考证号 条码粘贴 处 铁考标记 注意事项 ▣ 1,答题前。考生先将自已的姓名，准考证号码填写清楚 考生禁止填渝 2 请将准考证条码粘贴在右侧的[条码粘贴处]的方框内。 缺考标记！只 3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂：非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 能由监考老师 4,请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出范围的答案无效，在草纸，试卷上作答无效 负责用黑色学 5。保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 迹的签字笔填 6.填涂样例正确]错误【一的[] 选择题部分（请用2B铅笔填涂） (共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分) 6.1AIIBIIC 11A1IB11C1 16.A11BIC 2.jAJIB]IC 7.A11B11C 12.1AIIBIIC 3.1A]IBIIC 8.AB]IC 13.A11B1IC 18. A B 4.AIIBIIC 9.AI[BIIC 14.AIIBIIC 19.A 10.A11B1IC 20.A11B (共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分) 21.IAlIBIICIIDI 26.1AIIBIICIIDI 31.IAIBIICIIDI 22.1AlIBIICIID 27.1AlIBIICIID 32.1AlIBIICIID 23.jAjiBjiCjiDi 28.1A11B11C1ID 33.1AIIBIICIIDI 24.jAIIBIICIIDI 29.AIIBIICIID 34.JAIIBIICIIDI 39.1AIBICIDIEIF 25.jAJIBIICIIDI 30.1AIIBIICIIDI 35.1AIBIICIIDI (共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分) 41.A11B11C1ID 46.IA11B11C11D1 5LIAIIBIICIID 47.IAlIBIICIID 481AIIBIICIIDI 53.1AIIBIICIID 44.1AlIBIICIID 49.lA1IB11C11D1 54.1AlIBIICIID 45.1AIIBIICIID 50.1A1BIICIIDI 55.1AIIBIICIID 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 英语答题卡第页（共2） 请在各题目的答恶区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 非选择题部分 第二节（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分） 56. 57. 58. 59 60. 61. 62 63. 64. 65. 第三节（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） Dear Jim, Yours, LiHua 第二节（满分25分） The next morning.I took out my piggy bank and shook it. Hearing the noise.my grandfather came over. 英语答避卡第2页（共2页） 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（江苏专用，译林版2020） 英语·答题卡 姓名： 准考证号 条 码粘贴处 缺考标记 注意事项 1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚 考生禁止填涂 2. 请将准考证条码粘贴在右测的条码粘黏处]的方框内。 缺考标记！只能 3. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用05毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整 由监考老师负 4 请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出范困的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无嫩。 责用庸色字迹 5. 保持卡面清洁。不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、刮纸刀。 的签字笔填涂。 6. 填涂样例正确■错误【一【√1【×] 选择题部分（请用2B铅笔填涂） (共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分) 1JAIIBIICI 6.1AIIBIICI 11JAIIBIICI 16.1AIIB]ICI 2.AJIBIICI 7.A11B11C1 12.A11B11C1 17.A11B11C1 3.A11B1IC1 8.1A11B1IC1 13.A11B11C1 18A11B11C1 41AIIBIICI 9.JAIIBIICI 14A1IB11C1 19.A11B11C1 51AIIBIICI 10.A11B11C1 15JAIIBIICI 20.A11B1IC1 (共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分) 21.AIIBIICIIDI 26.1AIIBIICIIDI 31.1A1IBIICIIDI 361AIIBIICIIDIIEIIFI 22.A11B11C11D1 27AIIBIICIIDI 32.1A1IBIICIIDI 371AI[BIICIIDIIEIIFI 23.A11B11C1ID1 28.A11B11C1HD133.A1HB1IC11D1 381A1IBIICIIDIIEIIFI 24JAIIBIICIIDI 29.A11B1C1ID134A11B11C11D1 39AIIBIICIIDIIEIIFI 25.1AIIBIICIIDI 30.A11B1IC1ID135A11B11C11D1 40.1AIIBIICIIDIIEIIFI (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 411AIIBIICIIDI 46.1AJIBIICIIDI 51.1AIIBIICIIDI 42AIIBIICIIDI 47.AIIBIICIIDI 52.A1IB11C11D1 43.1AIIBIICIIDI 48AIIBIICIIDI 53.JA1IBIICIIDI 44.1AIIBIICIID 49.1AJIBIICIIDI 54.1A1IBIICIIDI 45.JAIIBIICIIDI 50.AlIBIICIIDI 55.A11B11C11D1 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 英语答题卡第1页（共2页） 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 非选择题部分 第二节（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分） 56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62 63 64. 65. 第三节（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 66. 67 68. 69. 70. 71 72. 73. 74. 75. 第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） Dear Jim, Yours, LiHua 第二节（满分25分） The next morning.I took out my piggy bank and shook it. Hearing the noise.my grandfather came over. 请在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出黑色矩形边框限定区域的答案无效！ 英语答题卡第2页（共2页） ( 此卷只装订不密封 ) ( ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ) ( ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ) ( ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○………………线………………○……………… … 学校： ______________ 姓名： _____________ 班级： _______________ 考号： ______________________ ) 2025年秋季新高二开学摸底考试模拟卷（江苏专用，译林版2020） 英语 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 考生注意： 1. 答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔分别填写在试题卷和答题纸规定的位置上。 2. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效。 3. 测试范围：必修一~选择必修一(译林版2020)。 4. 难度系数：0.65。 5. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节(共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. How will the speakers probably go home? A. By bus. B. By taxi. C. By subway. 2. What’s the relationship between the speakers? A. Waitress and customer. B. Manager and clerk. C. Cook and waiter. 3. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. On a street. B. In a police office. C. In a hospital. 4. Why does the boy look for his dictionary? A. To look up some words. B. To get his stamp. C. To lend it to Lucy. 5. What does the woman mean? A. She has no time for dinner. B. She forgot the wedding anniversary. C. She wants to eat something different. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What seems to bother Paul? A. He lost his car keys. B. He forgot to pick up his aunt. C. He can’t drive his car now. 7. Where will the speakers go next? A. The hospital. B. The airport. C. Paul’s house. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What is the woman doing? A. Doing a survey. B. Calculating the bill. C. Serving the food. 9. How would the man like his steak next time? A. Medium rare. B. Medium well. C. Well done. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What is the woman? A. A policewoman. B. A driver. C. A car park attendant. 11. Where is the car park? A. It’s near a hotel. B. It’s around the corner. C. It’s at the end of the street. 12. What will the man probably do next? A. Drive away. B. Go to the police station. C. Show the woman his license. 听第9段材料，回答第13 至 16题。 13. How many times has Mark visited the Topeka Zoo? A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. 14. Where did the woman know the incident? A. From the Internet. B. From the newspaper. C. From TV. 15. What did the tiger do? A. It escaped from the zoo. B. It hurt a zoo worker. C. It injured a tourist. 16. What happened to the zoo after the incident? A. It was rebuilt. B. It was closed forever. C. It reopened about 45 minutes later. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Who is the book for? A. Young children. B. Parents. C. Teachers. 18. What happens to Vanessa on her first day in school? A. She is badly treated by another child. B. She plays poorly in the games. C. She spends her time alone. 19. How does Vanessa’s classmate help her? A. By walking together with her. B. By inviting her for dinner. C. By telling her what to do. 20. What might the speaker be doing? A. Reading her new picture book. B. Hosting a radio program. C. Giving a class. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15 小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Calling All High School Students Apply to The Daily’s Summer 2023 Journalism Workshop!! Click here for an application form The application deadline has been extended to June 2 at 11:59 pm. Join us for our annual summer eight-week journalism workshop! The program runs from June26 to August 18, 2023. In our program, we’ll teach high schoolers the fundamentals through real-world reporting tasks. Some writers may even get the opportunity to publish their work on The Stanford Daily’s website as they receive one-on-one guidance from Daily editors in weekly check-in meetings and lessons. Even if you’ve done a program with us before, you’re sure to learn new skills, encounter new challenges, and level up your journalistic skills! We have all-new content and guest speakers with fresh and exciting perspectives to bring to the table. It is open to participants of all skill levels — our editors will work with you at whatever pace you’re comfortable with and get you up to speed regardless of your level of experience. Over the course of the eight-week journalism workshop, participants will get hands-on experience in the end-to-end process of news reporting, including:  How to find stories and assess(评估) their newsworthiness  How to identify and interview sources  How to create well-structured, interesting news pieces  How to write breaking news In addition to writing, students will have the opportunity to learn multimedia and digital skills, ultimately gaining exposure to the complete, real, end-to-end experience of working in journalism. 21. What is the purpose of the journalism workshop? A. To expose high schoolers to the real world. B. To bring The Stanford Daily to a larger audience. C. To select potential writers for The Stanford Daily. D. To equip high schoolers with skills of news reporting. 22. What can participants do in the workshop? A. Start up a news writing website. B. Chair weekly meetings of Daily’s editors. C. Assess the work of Daily’s journalists. D. Get personalized guidance from professionals. 23. What is the text? A. An activity schedule. B. An online advertisement. C. A course review. D. An academic article. B My son asked my husband and me several months ago if he could switch from his mainstream high school to an alternative education environment. At that time, I was unsure and a little heartbroken. He wasn’t doing well in that school. In my head, I knew the best thing for him was to switch to another learning environment to complete his high school year. But my heart broke a little that he would not walk the same graduation field and stage that I had walked. The scenario I had created was no longer beneficial to his well-being. My son is extremely shy and has always had a small friend group. Large groups are complex for him, and he was very upset at a school with over 2,500 kids as a child with social anxiety. A school of that size can be difficult for anyone, let alone an introvert(内向的人) with social anxiety. We discovered that the continuation school was an option with the same general curriculum required by our state to graduate high school. The credits he had already earned would carry over, and he could graduate early. After talking, we decided that this was his best option. By allowing him to choose this option, we have watched him thrive! The difference is astonishing. My son made friends; he was productive and participated in a life skills course to help himself with real-life studies. He got along well with his teachers and classmates. The most significant change we saw was that he would come home smiling and happy, enthusiastic about his day. He was excited to share what he was learning and how his day had gone, which warmed my heart. As his momma, this is all I needed — knowing that letting him choose what was suitable for his educational path was the right move. 24. How did the author feel on her son’s request at first? A. Proud. B. Puzzled. C. Disappointed. D. Embarrassed. 25. What was the problem of the author’s son? A. He had no friends. B. He didn’t really like learning. C. He was the slowest student in his class. D. He was poor at communicating with others. 26. What did the family realize after learning about the continuation school? A. It was a very satisfying option for them. B. A mainstream high school was much better. C. An alternative education was not advisable. D. The son might have difficulty in graduating. 27. The underlined word “scenario” could be best replaced by _____. A. plot B. history C. novel D. rule C Emergency Mask Pod(面罩舱) is a plastic, 3D-printed and football-shaped case that contains a mask that protects the lungs of someone trapped in a fire until they were rescued. Alexis got the idea for the Emergency Mask Pod after hearing that a mother had thrown her baby out of the second floor window of their smoke-filled apartment during a fire in the building. The family was trapped in their apartment by the smoke. Alexis wondered whether there was a means for people waiting outside, such as neighbors and first responders, to deliver smoke masks to people trapped in the second floors of burning buildings. Her research showed that there was no such delivery system, so Alexis set about to invent one. First, she found a small, lightweight smoke mask. The next step was to develop a way to launch or throw the mask up into an open second-story window. Alexis built several different pods, which were tested by local firefighters. Each pod was cast into a second story window more than 290 times by a total of 37 firefighters. The football-shaped pod, which Alexis printed on her MakerBot 3D printer, was the clear winner, with an accuracy rate of over 70 percent. The firefighters testing the Emergency Mask Pod told her that it is needed by firefighters arriving at the scene of a fire. They told Alexis that when they find people trapped inside, they wish they could give them some form of relief so they can breathe safely while firefighters try to reach them. A smoke delivery system could be used to provide that relief. The Emergency Mask Pod requires no special equipment, training, or permits; people at the scene of a fire could help fire victims(受害者) trapped inside smoky rooms without hesitation. EMTs, police officers, and firefighters could keep the mask and EM Pod in their vehicles and apartment complexes could store them in approachable places like community centers. The mask could easily be retrieved by victims and put on, giving them precious time for firefighters to rescue them and potentially saving hundreds or thousands of lives. 28. Why is the Emergency Mask Pod invented? A. To improve the design of smoke masks. B. To provide a way to deliver smoke masks. C. To help firefighters practice throwing skills. D. To protect first responders’ eyes from smoke. 29. How did Alexis test the effectiveness of different pods? A. By burning them in the local fire departments. B. By studying different materials for making pods. C. By doing a survey of people trapped in a fire before. D. By having firefighters throw them into windows many times. 30. Which word is closest in meaning to “retrieved” in the last paragraph? A. Returned. B. Accessed. C. Relieved. D. Launched. 31. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Surviving the Flame: New Rescue Skills B. Smoke and Masks: The Future of Fire Safety C. A Lifeline through the Smoke: The Mask Pod D. Breaking through Barriers: Firefighters’ Creations D Parents of teenagers often view their children’s friends with distrust, worrying that their children will be pushed by their peers(同龄人) into doing something foolish or even dangerous. Their worries hold water. In a previous study, psychologist Laurence Steinberg found that a teenage driver with a same-age passenger in the car is at higher risk of traffic accidents than one driving alone or with an adult. In the following years, Steinberg examined why teens were more likely to take risks in the company of other teenagers. In a later study, by scanning(扫描) the brains of 40 teens and adults, Steinberg found the brains of teenagers, but not adults, showed greater activity in two regions associated with rewards when they were being observed by same-age peers. The reward systems of the brain are activated whenever people experience something rewarding, like eating a nice-tasting food, which make them feel satisfied. In this case, rewards are greater for teens, which motivates them to seek higher-risk experiences. But Steinberg thought peer pressure might also have its positive side. In the latest study, Steinberg’s team used a card game to research how peers affect the way young people gather and apply information. It involved 101 teenage boys who played either alone or with three peers. They chose cards from four decks (牌堆): two decks had “good” cards, and two “bad” ones. Players with peers were more willing to take risks, trying to figure out which decks could help them to win. The results showed that teens playing with their peers engage in more exploratory behavior, learn faster and achieve better performance on the task than those playing alone. Now some experts are proposing that we should take advantage of the teens’ keen sensitivity (敏感) to the presence of friends to improve education. “Risk taking in an educational context is a vital skill that enables progress and creativity,” wrote Sarah-Jayne Blakemore, a professor at University College London. 13. What do the underlined words “hold water” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Make sense. B. Face doubts. C. Bring relief. D. Start debates. 33. What is the reason behind teens’ dangerous behavior? A. Inability to tell right from wrong. B. A sense of satisfaction. C. Eagerness to follow their friends. D. Lack of social experience. 34. How does risk-taking affect teens in the latest study? A. It starts fights between them. B. It inspires them to question. C. It weakens their independence. D. It helps them to learn better. 35. What would Blakemore suggest teachers do in the classroom? A. Conduct group discussion. B. Improve time management. C. Encourage personal opinions. D. Develop decision-making skills. 第二节（共5 小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is a necessary process for maintaining the health of the human body. 36 Here are four research-backed reasons why this salt-based fluid can benefit you. •Sweating is good for your skin. Sweat is known to cool the skin, bringing toxins(毒素) to the surface and giving the skin a healthy glow. Research shows that sweating can increase and maintain skin hydration. However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne(痤疮). 37 •Sweating makes you happy. When you are hot, your heart beats faster to cool the body, releasing endorphins that cause feelings of joy. 38 In a recent study, people who smelled “joyful sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness. However, those exposed to fear-induced sweat showed characteristics of terror. •Sweating supports your heart. When sitting in a sauna(桑拿), your body temperature rises, so your body works overtime to  cool itself down by sweating. 39 A 20-year Finnish study found that people who sweated it out regularly in a sauna had a lower rate of sudden cardiac(心脏的) deaths. • 40    If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign. Athletes tend to sweat sooner and more than inactive people. Their bodies have learned to cool down more efficiently during physical activity. A study conducted by the Public Library of Science supports this, showing that long-distance runners not only got sweatier sooner, but also activated more sweat glands(汗腺), resulting in more sweat than their non-active counterparts. A. And you’ll be better off for it. B. Sweating a lot means that you are fit. C. Thus, it’s essential to wash your face and body after sweating. D. Sweat is the stuff that floods out when our body temperature rises. E. Sweating contributes to a decrease in blood pressure to some extent. F. Your sweaty self can also make those around you feel more delightful. G. This is a natural bodily function that helps to regulate body temperature and prevent overheating. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 ‘Small Data’ Are Also Crucial for Machine Learning Many people relate “artificial intelligence” with “big data.” There’s a reason for that: some of the most prominent AI breakthroughs in the past decade have relied on enormous data sets. Image 41 made great progress in the 2010s thanks to the development of ImageNet, a data set containing millions of images hand sorted into thousands of categories. More recently, GPT-3, a language model, was trained on 42 online texts to produce humanlike text in Jan, 2021. So it is not surprising to see AI being tightly connected with “big data” in the 43 imagination. But AI is not only about large data sets, and research in “small data” approaches has grown extensively over the past decade. The so-called transfer learning serves as an especially 44 example. Also known as “fine-tuning,” transfer learning is helpful in settings where you have 45 data on the task of interest but abundant data on a related problem. You need to first train a model using a big data set and then retrain slightly using a smaller one related to your 46 problem. A research team working on German-language speech recognition, 47 , showed that they could improve their results by starting with an English-language speech model trained on a larger data set. Then, they used transfer learning to 48 that model for a smaller data set of German-language audio. Small data approaches such as transfer learning are more 49 than more data-intensive methods. They can promote progress in areas where little or no data exist, such as in forecasting natural hazards that occur relatively 50 . In this context, small data approaches will become increasingly important as more organizations look to diversify AI application areas and invest in previously 51 fields. Despite the progress in research, transfer learning has received relatively little 52 . While many machine learning experts are likely familiar with it at this point, the existence of techniques such as transfer learning does not seem to have reached the awareness of the broader space of policymakers in positions of making important decisions about AI funding and 53 . As long as the success of small data technique like transfer learning is 54 , resources can be allocated to support their widespread use. In that case, we can help correct the popular 55 regarding the role of data in AI and foster innovation in new directions. 41. A. standard B. classification C. quality D. acquisition 42. A. written B. limited C. spoken D. abundant 43. A. moral B. visual C. literary D. popular 44. A. complicated B. interesting C. promising D. distinguished 45. A. extra B. different C. available D. few 46. A. personal B. specific C. technical D. potential 47. A. in addition B. or rather C. in particular D. for example 48. A. adjust B. invent C. follow D. check 49. A. definite B. advantageous C. complex D. precise 50. A. remotely B. severely C. ultimately D. rarely 51. A. underexplored B. underestimated C. underpopulated D. underqualified 52. A. guidance B. respect C. supervision D. visibility 53. A. publication B. adoption C. tracking D. polishing 54. A. celebrated B. evaluated C. recognized D. diversified 55. A. challenge B. concern C. fear D. misunderstanding 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Arts and crafts have a way of reinventing themselves. Take embroidery(刺绣) for instance, it was within the last five years 56 it has exploded thanks to talented makers that inspire people on social media. Paper quilling(衍纸纸艺) has had 57 similar rise. The last several years 58 (see) artists returning to the craft dating back to centuries ago. Like many forms of craft, paper quilling can trace 59 (it) origins back hundreds of years to at least the 15th century. French and Italian nuns are believed 60 (create) it. In addition to embroidery, it 61 (consider) “proper pastime” for young women and was taught in boarding schools. Quilling is the art of handmaking and arranging small strips of paper into detailed designs. 62 (depend) on the desired shape and appearance, it can be rolled, looped, twisted, and curled. Glue is used to secure the paper strips into place. Paper quilling is a decorative art and is known 63 works like fancy flourishes and florals. Because of this reputation, it’s 64 (common) used on things like greeting cards, boxes, jewelry, and more. But with its recent surge in 65 (popular), it’s also seen in advertising campaigns and pieces you might find in an art gallery. 第三节（共10小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 根据汉语或者用所给单词的正确形式填空。 66. (addict) to video games, he didn’t realize the danger is drawing near. 67. The new product which will come out next month is a (combine) of traditional methods and artificial intelligence. 68. The meeting s to be held this weekend has been delayed for unexpected reasons. 69. The museum is open daily t the year, so you may go there at your convenience any day. 70. The study suggested that the wide use of c in agriculture had caused water pollution in this area. 71. A wonderful idea o to him when he was walking aimlessly in the street. 72. It is reported that the earthquake that s the city yesterday destroyed the system of electricity supply. 73. The bell i the end of the class rang, stopping our heated discussion. 74. Young people may risk going deaf if e to very loud music every day. 75. Improved consumer confidence is important to an (经济的) recovery. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是李华，暑假期间你在2024年巴黎奥运会(2024 Paris Olympics)中担任了志愿者，经历了一段难忘的旅程，请你给英国笔友Jim写一封电子邮件分享此次当志愿者的经历，内容包括：1. 你的职责；2. 你的收获。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear Jim, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was my birthday that day, and my grandfather gave me a gift—a piggy bank. It had an opening through which one could put money in, but the opening was not big enough to reach in and get the money out. The only way to get the money was to break the piggy hank open. My grandfather explained that was the whole idea. And he added. “The piggy bank would help save your money so that, at the end of the year, you might have enough for that bike you dreamed about.” He asked if I would put some of the money he gave me into the piggy bank. I agreed immediately and promised sincerely, “I wouldn’t break it open until I could afford my dream bike.” Whenever my grandfather gave me some pocket money, he would say, “This is for spending. But you can save some and put it in the piggy bank if you want to save it up.” When he gave me larger amounts, it was clear for me to save the extra money in the piggy bank. For some time, this worked fine. I loved shaking the piggy hank and hearing the sound of the coins. As it became heavier, I grew more excited, dreaming about buying my new bike, and all the adventures I could have on it. Whenever I wanted to take some money from the piggy bank to buy delicious ice-creams or beautiful presents. I would imagine riding my bike on the street, and thinking of that, my thoughts about buying those things went away. So for almost three years. I had only put money into the piggy hank without taking any out. I thought I wouldn’t break my piggy hank for anything. Bat one day something unexpected happened. I saw a piece of news on the television that a serious earthquake had happened in a nearby province. As many houses were destroyed, a lot of children became homeless. Seeing their shabby clothes and crying faces. I was sleepless that night. Staring at my piggy bank. I was thinking about what I could do with it. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为50左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The next morning. I took out my piggy bank and shook it. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Hearing the noise. my grandfather came over. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第3页（共12页） 试题 第4页（共12页） 试题 第1页（共12页） 试题 第2页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$