期末临考评测卷 （江苏南京名校） 2024-2025学年译林版英语八年级下册

一、单项选择（每小题 1 分，共 15 分） 1.答案：B 1.解析：“in public” 为固定搭配，意为 “在公共场合”，中间不加冠词；“in a lower voice” 表示 “用更低的声音”，“a” 表泛指。 2.答案：（需根据图片判断，文档中未显示具体选项） 1.解析：湖边常见标志通常与 “禁止游泳”“小心落水” 相关，需结合选项图片选择。 3.答案：D 1.解析：“in one's way” 为固定短语，意为 “挡住某人的路”，符合语境 “你挡住我的路了”。 4.答案：D 1.解析：“purposes” 表示 “目的”，句意为 “新发明的目的应该是让生活更简单”；“rules”（规则）、“subjects”（科目）、“secrets”（秘密）均不符合句意。 5.答案：B 1.解析：“warn sb. not to do sth.” 为固定用法，意为 “警告某人不要做某事”，故用 “not to swim”。 6.答案：A 1.解析：“push in” 表示 “插队”，符合 “没看到大家在排队吗？别插队” 的语境；“pull in”（进站）、“put in”（投入）、“carry in”（携带进入）均不符。 7.答案：D 1.解析：“till” 表示 “直到”，句意为 “吉姆总是让水龙头开着直到洗完脸”；“since”（自从）、“while”（当…… 时）、“as”（随着）均不符合逻辑。 8.答案：B 1.解析：“没注意到标志” 是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时 “didn’t notice”。 9.答案：C 1.解析：“avoid mistakes” 表示 “避免错误”，符合 “交卷前检查答案能帮助避免错误” 的语境；“make”（制造）、“provide”（提供）、“advise”（建议）均不符。 10.答案：C 1.解析：“as” 此处为连词，意为 “按照”，“fix the machine as I have told you” 表示 “按我告诉你的方式修机器”；“like” 作介词时后接名词，不接句子。 11.答案：B 1.解析：“patient enough” 表示 “足够有耐心”，“enough” 修饰形容词时后置；“too patient to...”（太有耐心而不能……）不符合句意。 12.答案：D 1.解析：“too...to...” 表示 “太…… 而不能……”，句意为 “我太习惯错误了，想不起正确的”。 13.答案：D 1.解析：“above all” 表示 “最重要的是”，符合 “关于餐桌礼仪，最重要的是吃饭时保持安静” 的语境；“in all”（总共）、“of all”（在所有中）、“at all”（根本）均不符。 14.答案：C 1.解析：“strong enough” 表示 “足够强壮”，“too narrow” 表示 “太狭窄”，句意为 “大卫足够强壮搬箱子，但门太窄无法通过”。 15.答案：A 1.解析：“don’t put all your eggs in one basket” 意为 “不要孤注一掷”，符合 “建议多申请几家公司” 的语境；“the early bird catches the worm”（早起的鸟儿有虫吃）、“actions speak louder than words”（行动胜于言语）、“every dog has its day”（凡人皆有得意日）均不符。 二、完形填空（每小题 1 分，共 10 分） 1.答案：D 1.解析：“come from” 表示 “来自”，珍珠来自牡蛎，符合逻辑；“turn into”（变成）、“take in”（吸收）、“get married”（结婚）均不符。 2.答案：B 1.解析：“the bottom of the sea” 表示 “海底”，为固定搭配。 3.答案：A 1.解析：后文解释珍珠形成的过程，故用 “How” 提问 “如何形成”。 4.答案：C 1.解析：沙子进入牡蛎壳会让它 “不舒服”（uncomfortable），而非 “开心”（happy）、“害羞”（shy）、“愚蠢”（silly）。 5.答案：B 1.解析：“when” 引导时间状语从句，“当灰尘进入眼睛时，眼睛会流泪”。 6.答案：A 1.解析：“wash out” 表示 “冲洗掉”，眼泪试图冲掉灰尘。 7.答案：C 1.解析：“Instead” 表示 “相反”，牡蛎无法冲掉沙子，相反会分泌物质包裹它。 8.答案：C 1.解析：珍珠是 “闪亮的”（shining），“dirty”（脏的）、“serious”（严重的）、“dangerous”（危险的）均不符。 9.答案：D 1.解析：“finally” 表示 “最终”，包裹沙子最终形成珍珠；“typically”（典型地）、“recently”（最近）、“suddenly”（突然）均不符。 10.答案：B 1.解析：人工养殖珍珠时需 “打开”（open）牡蛎壳放入沙子，“break”（打破）、“save”（拯救）、“protect”（保护）均不符。 三、阅读理解（每小题 1 分，共 10 分） A 1.答案：D 1.解析：根据第一段 “In order to live closer together, humans in old times learned to think about others.” 可知，古人学会为他人着想是为了 “彼此相处”（get on with each other）。 2.答案：C 1.解析：第一段提到中世纪 “Keeping your elbows on the table could easily tip it”，如今这仍是不礼貌的行为。 3.答案：B 1.解析：中世纪桌子不稳，手肘放在桌上会 “翻倒”（tip）桌子，故选 B。 4.答案：B 1.解析：第二段中 Amy 因在白宫晚宴上阅读引发抗议，说明人们希望他人 “关心自己”（care about them），不希望被忽视。 5.答案：A 1.解析：文章对比了过去和现在的礼仪，如手肘不能放桌上、餐桌不玩手机等，主题为 “过去和现在的一些礼仪”。 B 1.答案：B 1.解析：第一段明确提到咳嗽或打喷嚏时要 “cover your mouth”（捂住嘴）。 2.答案：A 1.解析：第三段指出 “如果有人跟着你，要扶住门”（hold the door）。 3.答案：D 1.解析：第五段说明站在自动扶梯右侧是为了给 “赶时间的人”（people in a hurry）让行。 4.答案：D 1.解析：第四段提到 “discuss the problem with my students”，可知作者是 “老师”（teacher）。 5.答案：A 1.解析：文章围绕咳嗽礼仪、扶门、乘扶梯等场景，讲述 “公共场所的行为规则”（rules of acts in public）。 四、基础知识（共 30 分） A. 根据提示写单词 1.discussion（“have a discussion” 讨论） 2.obey/follow（“遵守交通规则”） 3.practice（“练习” 为不可数名词） 4.express（“表达自己”） 5.littering（“No littering” 禁止乱丢垃圾） B. 用单词正确形式填空 1.decision（“make a decision” 决定） 2.shaking（“by doing sth.” 通过做某事） 3.to listen（“adj. + enough to do sth.” 足够…… 做某事） 4.explaining（“spend time doing sth.” 花费时间做某事） 5.the most successful（“one of + 最高级 + 名词复数” 最…… 之一） C. 句型转换 1.old enough（“too young to”=“not old enough to”） 2.How can（对方式提问用 “How”） 3.too excited（“very excited and couldn’t”=“too excited to”） 4.not; until（“when...ready”=“not...until...ready” 直到…… 才） 5.as well（“also”=“as well” 也，用于句末） D. 根据中文提示完成句子 1.push in before others 2.behave politely in public 3.wait in line 4.be polite enough to wait till you leave 5.do as the Romans do 五、任务型阅读 1.more effective（根据第二段 “a different person can be more effective”） 2.confident（第三段 “have the confidence to”=“be confident to”） 3.properly（第四段 “eating properly, and making proper conversations”） 4.complain（第四段 “refuse it without complaining”） 5.Listen（第五段 “ask your child to share his ideas”→“倾听孩子的想法”） 6.what（“what he thinks of...” 他对…… 的看法） 7.He should say "Excuse me." or "Pardon me."（第二段举例） 8.**I would refuse it without complaining about it. **（第四段 “teach him how to refuse it without complaining”） 六、首字母填空 1.careful（“be careful with” 小心对待） 2.guest（好的礼仪让你成为好 “客人”） 3.different（“be different from” 与…… 不同） 4.advice（“some good advice” 一些好建议，不可数） 5.ready（“be ready to eat” 准备好吃饭） 6.pick（“pick up” 拿起餐巾） 7.back（吃完后把餐巾放 “回” 桌上） 8.full（嘴里 “满” 食物时说话不礼貌） 9.reach（“can’t reach it” 够不到食物） 10.hands（用 “手” 拿面包，非叉子） 七、书面表达（参考范文） Manners in the library We will have a talk on good manners in the library. The talk will be held in the school hall at 3 p.m. this Friday. First, students can’t eat or drink in the library to keep it clean. Second, chatting with friends loudly is not allowed—we should keep quiet. When borrowing or returning books, wait in line and follow the librarian’s instructions. Also, don’t make noise when turning pages. These rules are important because they will help everyone in the library feel comfortable. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 八下英语期末临考评测卷 一、单项选择（每小题1分，共15分） ( ) 1. —Would you please not speak so loudly in ________ public? —Sorry. I will remember to speak in ________ lower voice. A. the; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; / ( ) 2. Which of the following signs can you often see beside a lake? ( ) 3. —Excuse me, sir. But you’re ________ my way. —Sorry. I didn’t know you were passing by. A. on B. by C. with D. in ( ) 4. The ________ of new inventions should be to make life easier, not to make it harder. A. rules B. subjects C. secrets D. purposes ( ) 5. Last week he risked swimming in the river though there was a public sign which warned people ________ in it. A. not swim B. not to swim C. not swimming D. not to swimming ( ) 6. —Boy. didn’t you see people were waiting in line? Don’t ________ in! A. push B. pull C. put D. carry ( ) 7. Jim always keeps the tap running ________ he finishes washing his face. A. since B. while C. as D. till ( ) 8. —Sir, please put out your cigarette(香烟). —Sorry. I ________ the sign. A. don’t notice B. didn’t notice C. haven’t noticed D. won’t notice ( ) 9. Checking your answers before handing in papers can help you _____ mistakes. A. make B. provide C. avoid D. advise ( ) 10. You’d better fix the machine ________ I have told you. A. like B. with C. as D. follow ( ) 11. Jack is always ________ to wait for a long time without getting angry. A. too patient B. patient enough C. enough patient D. very patient ( ) 12. —You’ve spelt the word wrong again, Judy. —Sorry. Maybe I am ________ used to the mistake to think of the right one. A. so B. very C. quite D. too ( ) 13. —Mum, can you give me some advice on how to behave myself at the table? —Well, I do have some advice. ________, please keep quiet while eating. A. In all B. Of all C. At all D. Above all ( ) 14. David is ______ to carry to the heavy box. But the door is ______ for him to go through. A. too strong; too narrow B. too strong; narrow enough C. strong enough; too narrow D. strong enough; narrow enough (· )15. —Lisa, I know you’re confident about getting that job but remember ​___________. So why not apply for a few more companies? — Sounds good! A. don’t put all your eggs in one basket B. the early bird catches the worm C. actions speak louder than words D. every dog has its day 二、完型填空（每小题1分，共10分） Pearl necklaces(珍珠项链) are very beautiful. Can you believe that these shining pearls __16__ a kind of little animal named oyster? The animal lives in a shell((壳), deep down at the bottom __17__ the sea. __18__ do these beautiful pearls form(形成) inside an oyster? A grain(颗粒) of sand enters an oyster’s shell. This makes the oyster __19__. Just as __20__ some dust enters your eyes, your eyes will water and the tears from your eyes will try to __21__ out the dust! But when a grain of sand enters an oyster’s shell, it can’t wash it out. __22__, the oyster’s body keeps building a white __23__ “coat” around the annoying sand. The coat covers the sand and __24__ that makes a pearl. Today people raise pearls on a pearl farm. They __25__ the oysters’ shells softly and place some sand inside them. When a pearl is made, people get it out again. ( ) 16. A. turn into B. take in C. get married D. come from ( ) 17. A. for B. of C. on D. over ( ) 18. A. How B. Where C. Why D. What ( ) 19. A. happy B. shy C. uncomfortable D. silly ( ) 20. A. before B. when C. unless D. though ( ) 21. A. wash B. come C. pull D. throw ( ) 22. A. Inside B. Perhaps C. Instead D. Besides ( ) 23. A. dirty B. serious C. shining D. dangerous ( ) 24. A. typically B. recently C. suddenly D. finally ( ) 25. A. break B. open C. save D. protect 三、阅读理解（每小题1分，共10分） A Manners have developed (发展) for over thousands of years. In order to live closer together, humans in old times learned to think about others. Through the years, the manners have changed a lot. But some of them are still used. For example, why are you told to keep your elbows (肘) off the table? The rule started from the Middle Ages. At that time, tables were just a big board placed on a stump (树桩). Keeping your elbows on the table could easily tip it and make everyone lose his food. Today, it’s not good manners to play with your phone at the table, because it sends a message that you aren’t interested in the people around you. People had the same feeling about that kind of thing before they had phones. Former US President Jimmy Carter’s daughter, Amy, caused a manners outcry (强烈抗议) when she was found reading at the table at a formal White House dinner. No matter how manners change, they are always doing the same thing—making other people feel comfortable and respected (受尊重的), which also helps friendships develop. ( ) 26. Humans in old times learned to think about others to _______. A. be a popular person B. change the manners C. develop the human society D. get on with each other ( ) 27. We should not _______ while eating according to the passage. A. talk with food in our mouth B. make a loud noise C. keep the elbows on the table D. drop food on table ( ) 28. What does the underlined word “tip” mean in Chinese in Paragraph 1? A. 破坏 B. 翻倒 C. 平衡 D. 调整 ( ) 29. What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A. People played with phones more than 30 years ago. B. People want others to care about them. C. People don’t mind children’s bad manners. D. People should never read at the table. ( ) 30. What is the passage mainly talking about? A. Some manners in the past and at present. B. The importance of good manners. C. How we should develop good manners. D. How people feel about bad manners. B When you cough or sneeze, you’d better turn your head away from others and cover your mouth with the full part of your hand. And then, you should say, “Excuse me.” This seems so simple, but it is surprising how many kids have never been told to do this. One important thing I point out to the kids is that after they sneeze or cough on their hands, they should wash their hands as soon as possible. If not, they will be passing those germs (细菌) along to everyone they touch. If you come to a door and someone is following you, hold the door. If the door opens by pulling, pull it open, stand to the side, and allow the other person to pass through first, then you can walk through. If the door opens by pushing, hold the door after you pass through. After a few weeks of seeing kids try to get through doors in the school and watching them enter restaurants as the door hit other people, I knew I had to discuss the problem with my students. Teaching them small acts of kindness may seem unimportant, but it can go a long way toward helping students realize how to be polite and thank others. Once they’ve been told, they’re halfway there. When we have to go up moving stairs, we will stand to the right. That will give others who are in a hurry a choice of walking up the left-hand side of the moving stairs. After college when I moved to London, I was surprised at how polite everyone was in the subways. People made efforts to make way for others. On moving stairs, everyone stood to the right and walked to the left. ( ) 31. When you cough or sneeze, you should ________. A. touch everything B. cover your mouth C. point out to the kids D. pass the germs to others ( ) 32. If you come to a door and someone is following you, you’d better ________. A. hold the door B. pass through C. close the door D. stand to the side ( ) 33. Why should we stand to the right of moving stairs? A. Because it’s dangerous to stand to the left. B. Because we must wait for others to move first. C. Because it’s a traffic rule which we must follow. D. Because we should make way for people in a hurry. ( ) 34. From the passage we can know the writer is a ________. A. doctor B. traveler C. parent D. teacher ( ) 35. The passage is mainly about ________. A. the rules of acts in public B. the ways of communication C. the problems of meeting people D. the knowledge of social life 四、 基础知识（共30分） A. 根据提示写出合适的单词。(每空1分，共5分) 36. The students are having a heated ​_____________(讨论) on table manners. 37. If people ​_____________(遵守) the traffic rules, there will be fewer accidents. 38. It’s necessary for players to have hard ​___________(练习) every day. 39. The girl couldn’t ​____________(表达) herself clearly because of shyness. 40. Look at the sign. It says ‘No ​_____________ (乱丢垃圾)”. B. 用所给单词的正确形式填空。(每空1分，共5分) 41. We made a ​___________(decide) at yesterday’s meeting. 42. We Chinese often greet each other by ​___________(shake) hand. 43. The doctor is patient enough ​_____________(listen) to the sick people. 44. He was patient enough to spend a long time ​___________(explain) the things to us. 45. Kitty’s father is one of ​_____________(success) businessmen in this city. C. 句型转换。(每空1分，共10分) 46. You are too young to take part in this party. (同义句) You aren’t ​_____________ ​___________ to take part in this party. 47. We can start a conversation by talking about the weather. (对划线部分提问) _________ _________ we start a conversation? 48. The boy was very excited and couldn’t say a word. (同义句) The boy was _________ _________ to say a word. 49. When everyone is ready, you can start eating. (同义句) You can ________ start eating _________ everyone is ready. 50. British people are polite in public. They are also polite at home. British people are polite in public. They are polite at home ​___________ ​___________. D. 根据中文提示完成句子。(每题2分，共10分) 51. 在别人前面插队是不礼貌的。 It’s impolite to ​__________​_____________? 52. 我们在公共场合应该举止文明。 We should ​__________​________________. 53. 买票时，你应该排队等候你的顺序。 You should ​__________​______________ when you buy a ticket. 54. 如果你挡了他们的路，他们会足够礼貌，一直等到你离开。 If you’re in their way, they will ​__________​____________. 55. 正如谚语所说，入乡随俗。 Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome,​__________________.” 五、任务型阅读（56-61每空1分，62-63每题两分） Teaching good manners can seem like a lot of work, but it is as important as brushing teeth twice a day. Actually, just give time and any child can learn to be polite. Here are some tips: Sometimes children may be willing to listen to someone instead of their parents. Turn to friends, family, and teachers and encourage them to practice good manners. If an uncle burps (打嗝) at the dinner table, have him say “Excuse me.” or “Pardon me.” This shows that a different person can be more effective (有效的) than the same one who is heard all the time. Prepare for different situations in which your kids need to behave politely. With practice, your child will have the confidence to deal with any situation with politeness. Family dinners are perfect situations for practicing table manners, such as how to use utensils, eating properly, and making proper conversations. By slowly introducing new meals, your child has a chance to eat new foods in a safe environment. This will encourage him to be open and excited about new dishes and situations. If he doesn't like the food, teach him how to refuse it without complaining about it. When my child used to point out someone's bad manners, I would ask him what that person should have done differently. Talk about different situations and ask your child to share his ideas with you. Encourage him to practice them as soon as possible. Tips to Practice Good Manners Get others to help Children may accept others’ advice more willingly. A different person can do 56.​__________ work than the same one who is always heard. Role-play situations Help kid to behave good manners in different situations. In this way, kids will be 57.​__________ to deal with any situation. Eat dinner as a family Teach kids to use utensils. eat and talk 58.​__________. Tell kids not to 59.​__________ about the food they dislike. 60.​__________ to your child’s ideas Ask your child 61. ​__________ he thinks of someone’s bad manners. Discuss with your child and encourage him to practice good manners. 62. If a person burps at the dinner table, what should he say? （不超过八个词） 63. You don’t like the food given to you. How would you refuse it?（不限制词数） 六、首字母填空（每空1分，共10分） Are you going to have dinner at your Western friend’s home? Then be 64.c​__________ with your table manners. Good manners will make you a nice 65.g​__________. You may find Western table manners are 66.d​__________ from Chinese manners. Here’s some good 67.a​__________ to keep you cool. When you are 68.r​__________ to eat, sit up straight on the chair. Usually, don’t put your elbows(胳膊肘) on the table. First 69.p​__________ your napkin(餐巾) up and put it on your lap. You can use it to clean your hands or mouth, but not your face. When you finish eating, put it 70.b​__________ on the table. Don’t make any noise when you eat or drink the soup. It’s not good to speak when your mouth is 71.​__________. If you do that, people will see the food in your mouth. If you want to get some food but you can’t 72.r​__________ it, ask others to pass the dish to you. Put bones on the edge of the plate. And remember, take bread with your 73. h​__________, not with a fork. 七、书面表达（共15分） 注意：1. 文中不得出现你的真实姓名和学校名称。 2. 语言通顺，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范； 3. 词数80词左右。短文的开头已经写好，不计入总词数。 Manners in the library We will have a talk on good manners in the library. ​__________​__________​____________ These rules are important because they will help everyone in the library feel comfortable. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$