2025年中考英语被动语态复习及专项练习

中考英语被动语态复习及专项练习 一、被动语态的构成 被动语态由 “be + 及物动词的过去分词” 构成，be 动词有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与 be 作为连系动词时完全一样。 （一）一般现在时的被动语态 构成：am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词 例如：English is spoken by many people in the world.（世界上很多人说英语。） （二）一般过去时的被动语态 构成：was/were + 及物动词的过去分词 例如：The bridge was built last year.（这座桥是去年建造的。） （三）一般将来时的被动语态 构成：will be + 及物动词的过去分词 或 be going to be + 及物动词的过去分词 例如：A new hospital will be built in our city next year.（明年我们城市将建一家新医院。） The sports meeting is going to be held next week.（运动会将于下周举行。） （四）现在进行时的被动语态 构成：am/is/are being + 及物动词的过去分词 例如：The room is being cleaned now.（房间现在正在被打扫。） （五）过去进行时的被动语态 构成：was/were being + 及物动词的过去分词 例如：The bike was being repaired at this time yesterday.（昨天这个时候自行车正在被修理。） （六）现在完成时的被动语态 构成：have/has been + 及物动词的过去分词 例如：The work has been finished.（工作已经完成了。） （七）过去完成时的被动语态 构成：had been + 及物动词的过去分词 例如：The house had been built before I was born.（这房子在我出生前就已经建好了。） （八）含有情态动词的被动语态 构成：情态动词 + be + 及物动词的过去分词 例如：The books must be returned on time.（这些书必须按时归还。） 二、被动语态的用法 1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时 例如：This book was published in 2020.（这本书是 2020 年出版的。） 2.强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者时 例如：The window was broken by Tom.（窗户被汤姆打破了。） 强调窗户是动作的承受者。 3.出于礼貌、措辞等方面的考虑，不愿说出动作的执行者时 例如：Your composition has been well written.（你的作文写得很好。） 三、主动语态变被动语态的方法 1.把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语 2.把谓语动词变成被动结构（be + 过去分词） 3.把主动语态的主语变为 by 的宾语，放在被动语态的句末（有时可省略） 例如： 主动语态：We planted many trees last year. 被动语态：Many trees were planted by us last year. 或 Many trees were planted last year. 注意： 1.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个宾语保留不动 2.若将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语前通常需加 to 或 for 等介词。 例如： A.主动语态：He gave me a book. 被动语态：I was given a book by him. 或 A book was given to me by him. B.主动语态：She made her mother a cake. 被动语态：Her mother was made a cake by her. 或 A cake was made for her mother by her. 3.含有复合宾语（宾语 + 宾语补足语）的主动句变被动句时，应将宾语变为主语，原来的宾语补足语不变，但它和主语有逻辑上的主谓关系 例如： A.主动语态：We made the classroom clean. 被动语态：The classroom was made clean by us. B.主动语态：They elected him monitor. 被动语态：He was elected monitor by them. 4.一些短语动词用于被动语态时，短语动词的各个部分不能拆开，要作为一个整体看待 例如： 主动语态：We should take good care of the old. 被动语态：The old should be taken good care of by us. 常见的这类短语动词有：look after（照顾），look at（看），put on（穿上），turn on（打开），turn off（关闭），look for（寻找），send for（派人去请）等。 四、被动语态专项练习 （一）单项选择 —Look, what an amazing Hong Kong - Zhuhai - Macao Bridge? —Yeah, it ______ by Chinese people. A. is built B. was built C. builds D. built —Your classroom looks so clean and tidy. —Yes, it ______ every day. A. cleans B. is cleaned C. cleaned D. was cleaned The Chinese traditional poems _______ to spread by popular singers. A. is singing B. are singing C. is sung D. are sung These apples _______ well because they _______ nice. A. are sold; look B. sell; look C. sell; are looked D. are sold; are looked A lot of trees _______ every spring in Yiyang city. A. plant B. is planted C. are planted D. were planted —I enjoy walking on the clean streets in the morning. —You know they _______ by the hard - working cleaners every day. A. clean B. are cleaned C. are cleaning D. will clean —Sweeping robots_____ more and more widely today. Why not buy one? A. are used B. were used C. are using D. used —It’s reported that 31 of the brave young men _______ in a big forest fire in Sichuan. —I don’t know who they are, but I know who they are for. A. were killing B. were killed C. killed D. had killed —Who’s the little boy in the photo? —It’s me. The photo ________ when I was six years old. A. takes B. took C. was taken The 2021 International Horticultural Expo ______ in Yangzhou. A. holds B. will hold C. is held D. will be held — Laiwu has developed a lot in the last few years. —Yes. And the high - speed rail _______ in 2020. A. completes B. is completed C. will be completed D. will complete Nowadays China ____ for its new “four great inventions”—shared bicycle, electronic payment, high - speed railways and online shopping. A. was knowing B. was known C. is knowing D. is known --Can you go to the movies with me tonight? --I have to ask my mum. If I , I will go with you. A. allow B. allowed C. am allowed D. was allowed —What do you know about the 2018 Russia FIFA World Cup? —Oh, I only know that the last game ________ on July 15. A. was played B. is played C. will be played D. will When Tim ___ why he was late for school，he just kept silent. A. was asked B. asked C. was asking D. is asked The play ______ at the theatre next Sunday. A. will show B. will shown C. will be shown D. is shown These apples_______ well because they ______ nice. A. are sold;look B. sell; are looked C. sell; look D. are sold; are looked -Alice ，you ______ on the phone. -I'm coming. Thanks. A. want B. are wanting C. are wanted D. have wanted -Whats wrong with that boy? -He_____ by a car yesterday. A. is hit B. was hit C. hit D. hits Oh, the milk_ strange. -do you think it ’s OK to drink? A. is tasted B. is tasting C. tastes D. tasted These books should__ to the library on time. A. return B. be returned C. returned D. be return -Whats wrong with your uncle, Jack? -He is ill.A doctor . A. has to look for B. is being operated on C.must ask for D.has just been sent for -Have you found the ruler yet? -Yes, it_in my bag two days ago. A. has found B. found C. has been found D. was found -David, turn off the TV if no one is watching it. -But it off already!The music is from the radio. A. is turned B. turns C. has been turned D. has turned An accident_on this road last night. A. has happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened Newborn babies_in hospital. A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of C.take good care of D.take good care These apples ____well because they___nice. A. are sold; look B. sell;look C. sell; are looked D. are sold; are looked Many children in Britain___ to have their own bank cards these days. A. allow B. allowed C. are allowed D. were allowed If it isnt fine this weekend, our spring field trip_ A. is cancelled B. was cancelled C. will be cancelled D. will cancel —The passenger refused to move after taking another one’s seat! —What a shame! He _______ according to the newly credit system (诚信体系). A.punish B. punished C. will punish D. will be punished （二）用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 This kind of car ____________ (make) in Shanghai. The bridge ____________ (build) last year. The room must ____________ (clean) every day. A lot of trees ____________ (plant) in my hometown every year. The letter ____________ (send) yesterday. The book ____________ (write) by a famous writer. The computer ____________ (use) now. The work ____________ (finish) soon. The song ____________ (sing) many times at the party. The window ____________ (break) by the boy just now. The meeting ____________ (hold) in our school next week. The house ____________ (paint) when I passed by. The old man ____________ (look after) well in the hospital. The problem ____________ (discuss) at the meeting yesterday. English ____________ (speak) all over the world. The clothes ____________ (wash) by my mother every week. The story ____________ (tell) by the teacher now. The trees ____________ (water) by the students yesterday. The bike ____________ (repair) tomorrow. The news ____________ (report) on TV last night. （三）将下列句子改为被动语态 They make shoes in that factory. → Shoes ____________ ____________ in that factory. We built this bridge last year. → This bridge ____________ ____________ last year. He will finish the work in two days. → The work ____________ ____________ in two days. They are planting trees on the hill. → Trees ____________ ____________ on the hill. We can’t see many stars in the sky because of pollution. → Many stars ____________ ____________ in the sky because of pollution. The teacher gave us some advice on how to learn English. → Some advice ____________ ____________ to us on how to learn English. → We ____________ ____________ some advice on how to learn English. They have built a new school in the village. → A new school ____________ ____________ in the village. People speak English in many countries. → English ____________ ____________ in many countries. He often helps me with my English. → I ____________ often ____________ with my English. They are going to show a new film next week. → A new film ____________ ____________ ____________ next week. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$