内容正文:
选择性必修第一册
新知预览1 PEOPLEOFACHIEVEMENT
No.1 基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.单词分类记
一、写作单词
1. /̍vaItl/adj.必不可少的;极其重要
的;充满生机的
2. /əb̍dʒektIv/n.目标;目的adj.真
实的,客观的,无偏见的
3. /əb̍teIn/vt.获得;赢得
4. /dI̍fiːt/vt.打败;战胜;使受挫
n.失败
5. /In̍sIst/v.坚持
6. /̍sɜːkəmstəns/n.环境;情况
7. /faʊnd/vt.建立;创立
8. /prə̍fesə(r)/n.教授
二、拓展单词
1. /kə̍mIt/vt.投入;犯(罪、错等)→
committedadj.尽心尽力的;坚定的;坚信的
→commitmentn.承诺;信奉;献身;委任
2. /I̍væljueIt/vt.评估;评价;估计→
evaluationn.评价;评估
3. /ə̍pærənt/adj.显而易见的;显然
的;表面上的→ adv.显然地;
显而易见地
4. /̩saIən̍tIfIk/adj.科学的→science
n.科学→scientistn.科学家
5. /kən̍kluːd/vt.做出结论;结束→
n.结论,决定;结束,结局;协定,协议
6. /̍kɒnsIkwəns/n.结果;后果;
影响→consequentadj.作为结果的;随之发
生的→consequentlyadv.因而;所以
7. /̍rædʒuəl/adj.逐渐的;逐步的→
adv.逐渐地,逐步地
8. /̍pɒlətIks/n.政治→politicaladj.
政治的→politiciann.政治家
Ⅱ.短语双向记
1. 当权;上台
2. 担任;任职
3. 为做贡献
4. 致力于做
5. 坚决要求,坚持认为
6.asaconsequence
7.leadto
8.diefrom
9.bychance
10.drawout
Ⅲ.经典句式记
1.“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”结构引导定
语从句
Later,themedicinewastestedonmalariapaG
tients, .
后来,这种药物在疟疾患者身上测试,其中大
部分患者都康复了.
2.on/upon doing 或 on/upon + 名 词,意
为“一就”
,shesaid...当听说她
获得了诺贝尔奖的时候,她说.
3.“连词+动词Ging形式”的省略形式
,outofastrongpasG
sionforknowledge,hecontinuedtostudy,
earningadoctorateinphysicsin1905.
在那儿工作期间,由于强烈的求知欲,他继续
学习,于1905年获得了物理博士学位.
4.独立主格结构
He made numerous contributions to the
world,
.
他为世界做出了无数的贡献,最著名的有广
义相对论和公式E=mc2.
5.“it+be+过去分词+that...”结构
On18April1955,
,andthewholeworld mournedthe
greatlossofabriliantscientist.
据报道,在1955年的4月18日爱因斯坦与世
长辞,全世界都为失去这样一位伟大的天才
科学家而哀悼.
84
Ⅳ.语法特征记[非限制性定语从句]
1.Therearefiftystudentsinourclass,twentyG
threeof aregirls.
2.ThebooktelsusaboutAlexanderFleming
discoveredpenicilin.
3.MyEnglishteachergraspedwhatImeant,
mademerealyhappy.
4.DaviswantedtovisitDrYuansnewfarm,
theseawaterricewasgrown.
5.Consideringthedangerouscircumstance,Jack
wilputoffthemeetinguntilApril1st,
thetyphoonwilend.
6.NobelPrizeforPhysiologyorMedicinehas
beenawardedtoTuYouyou, reG
searchledtothediscoveryofanewtreatG
mentformalaria.
No.2 基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Thejournalistsimmediatelysetoutto
(获取)theseimportantfacts.
2.Hehas (投入)himselftothe
courseofthereform.
3.LastMonday,Iwasaskedtogivethenew
studentsatestto (评估)their
Englishlevel.
4.Rudolphjuststoodthere,sayingnothing.
(显而易见)hewasamanof
fewwords.
5.Weshould (分析)whattheysaid
andnotjustagreewitheverything.
6.Wehopethis (目标)wilbeatG
tained.
7.Underthe (条件),itseemed
betternottotelhimabouttheaccident.
8.Ididnot (承认)thathehaddone
anythingwrong.
9.Her (热 情)fordancingnever
dimmedovertheyears.
10.She (逐渐)foughtherwaytothe
topofthecompany.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Ineedsome (boil)watertowash
downmedicineafterbreakfast.
2.Wemadea (commit)tokeepworkG
ingtogether.
3.Sincetheyinsiston (go),welsimG
plypushtheboatwiththecurrentandlet
themgowithus.
4.On (hear)thatthenewnovelwas
published,herushedatoncetothebookshop
foracopy.
5.Iwanttobea todiscovera
breakthroughtosavepeoples
lives.(science)
6. (circumstance)permitting,
Ilgoabroadtostudy.
7.Hestudiedhard,andin
(consequent)hepassedtheexam.
8.Foodinsmal piecescouldbeeateneasily
withtwigswhich (gradual)
turnedintochopsticks.
9.Hemadesimple onher
achievements.(remark)
10.Heisfamousbothasa and
poetbutheismorefamousforhis
.(novel)
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空
cometopower;takeup;makecontributions
to;asaconsequence;leadto;commitoneself
to;inconclusion;inthebeginning;graduate
from;insiston
1.Manyofthesechemicalscan cancer
orotherilnesses.
2.Athinkingpersonmust
workingforpeace.
3.Iamanaccountant.Ijust colege
aboutayearago.
4. ,Idaredmyselftomakeadifference
inthelifeofanotherperson.
5. ,walkingisacheap,safe,enjoyable
andreadilyavailableformofexercise.
6.He theimportanceofbeing
punctual.
7.Ididnotworkagainfortwentyyearsuntil
Mr Mandelaandthe ANC
in1994.
94
8.Sorrytohave somuchofyour
time.
9.Weshould thewest
ofourcountry.
10.Ihopeyoucanstudyhardandmasterasmuch
knowledgeaspossible,otherwiseyoulhaveto
liveahardlife .
Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子
1.最近我买了个古代的花瓶,它的价钱很合理.
(“名词/代词+介词+关系代词”引导定语从句)
RecentlyIboughtanancientvase,
.
2.他一听到轰隆声,便冲出房去.(on/upondoG
ing或on/upon+名词,意为“一就”)
,herushedoutof
thehouse.
3.据报道,这座旧办公楼两个月后将拆除.(“it
+be+过去分词+that...”结构)
intwomonths.
4.在旅行期间,我每天都写日记.(“连词+动
词Ging形式”的省略形式)
Ikeptadiaryeveryday
.
5.如果天气允许的话,他们将在明天组织一次
海滨小游.(独立主格)
,theywilgoonanouting
tothebeachtomorrow.
Ⅴ.基础语法练(非限制性定语从句)
句型转换
1.Hefailedintheexamination, made
hisfatherveryangry.
2. isknowntoal,ittakesmorethan
goodlookstosucceedasanactor.
3.Ms.Manhartisamotheroftwo,
husbandisalsointheairforce.
4.Pleasecomebackatsixoclock,
yourdinnerwilbeready.
5.Itisanenjoyableexperiencetorecitethese
poems, rhymeandrhythm make
themeasytoremember.
6.Theroom, helivesinalone,iswide
andbright.
7.Settingagoalforyourselfisimportant,
wilmakeyouworkharderthanbefore.
8.Ourdoctor, weallikedverymuch,
retiredlastweek.
No.3 素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A famous AmericanpoetRobertFrost
oncesaid,“PoetryiswhatgetslostintranslaG
tion.”ButXuYuanchong,awelGknownChiG
nesetranslator,hadtriedtoconveythebeauty
ofancientChinesepoetrythroughouthislife.
HisteacherQianZhongshucommentedonhis
poetry translation,“You are dancing while
chainedbyrhymeandrhythm,butthedance
showsamazingfreedom andbeauty,whichis
quiteimpressive.”
Since1978,Xuhadpublished morethan
100translated worksinChinese,Englishand
French,reaching milionsofreadersathome
andabroad.Mostnotably,hetranslatedChinese
poemsintorhymedversesinbothEnglishand
French.HewasalsothefirstAsianwinnerofthe
AuroraBorealisPrizeforOutstandingTranslationof
FictionLiterature.
Xuwasknowntobeveryfastidiousinhis
work.Forhim,Englishisa “scientific”lanG
guagethatneedsexactnesswhileChineseisan
“artistic”languagethatincludesawiderrange
ofcontent.Folowingthisprinciple,Xukeptnot
onlyfaithfulnessinthesensebutbeautyinsenG
sibilityinhistranslation.
Through Xustranslations,timeGhonored
Chinesewisdomhasmadeanimpacton WestG
ernsocietiesandtheworld.Forexample,when
formerUSpresidentBarackObamatriedtobeG
ginahealthcareprojectduringhispresidency,
somesenatorsdisagreedatfirst.ButafterreadG
ingthepoemtitledFishinginSnowtranslated
byXu,onesenatorwassoimpressedwiththe
fishermansindependentthinkingthathechose
topartwiththepartylinetosupportObama.
05
Havingmadesuchgreatachievements,Xu
maintainedaroutine.Everydayhetranslated
about1,000words,workingtil3to4a.m.,
sleepingforabout3hoursandgettingupat6
a.m.tocontinue.“Translationisa meansof
communicatingwiththewriterssoul.Asudden
flickerofagoodwordoragoodlinethrilsevG
erypore(毛孔)andeveryinchofmyskin,”Xu
said.
1.Whatdoesthetexttel usaboutXuYuanG
chong?
A.HemasteredatleastthreeforeignlanguaG
ges.
B.Hetranslatedabout100ChineseworksinG
toEnglish.
C.He wasthefirstwinnerofthe Aurora
BorcalisPrize.
D.Hewaswidelyknownforhistranslated
rhymedverses.
2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fastidious”
inParagraph3mean?
A.Particular. B.Satisfied.
C.Inventive. D.Productive.
3.WhydoestheauthorgivetheexampleinParG
agraph4?
A.TorecommendXustranslationworks.
B.TostressthecharmofChinesepoetry.
C.ToshowXusgreattranslationskils.
D.ToprovethewisdomoftheancientChiG
nese.
4.WhichofthefolowingwordscanbestdeG
scribeXu?
A.Thoughtfulandmodest.
B.Generousandobjective
C.CreativeandopenGminded.
D.DevotedandhardGworking.
B
XuCongxiang,69,amajorgraingrower
inTaiheCounty,EastChinasAnhuiProvince,
reachedarecordharvestthisyear,withthe
wheatyieldonhisdemonstration(示范)farm
over800kilogramspermu (0.067hectares).
“Inthe1970s,mostofChinaswheatyieldper
muwasunder300kg.Now,asfarmingtechG
nologycontinuestoimprove,ourgrainoutput
hasincreasedgreatly,”recalsXu.
Afewdecadesago,whenXuwasunder20
andhadjustgraduatedfromhighschool,hereG
turnedtohishometownandbecameafarmer,
embarkingon hisjourney ofexploring new
waystoincreasegrainyieldthroughscienceand
technology.Backthen,amagnifyingglass(放大
镜)wasXusbesthelperforfieldobservation.
Takingamagnifyingglassandanotebook,Xu
usedtosetoffintothefieldsatdawnandstayed
thereuntilthemoonrose.
“Atthattime,there was noadvanced
equipment,suchasaninsectmonitor.Wecould
onlyusea magnifyingglasstoobservevery
smalchangesinthecrops.Sometinyspotson
theleavescouldbethesignaloftheoutputreG
duction,”says Xu.Duringthose years,Xu
wrote manynotebooks,whichcontaineddeG
tailedinformationincludingthetimeanddegree
ofwindandthegrowthstatusofcrops.With
hisrichexperience,Xusummedupthemethods
inthegreenandefficientcultivation(栽培)of
wheatandpromotedthemtothesurrounding
farmers.
Underhisinfluence,XuschildrenfolG
lowedhisfootstepstoworkinagricultureand
achievedfurtherbreakthroughs.HisfamilyfoG
cusesondevelopinghighGqualityvarietiesand
exploring highGyield cultivation techniques.
Sincethebeginningofthisyear,atotaloffifty
newgrainvarietieshavebeenplantedintheexG
perimentalfield,andsevenexperimentshave
beenconducted.InXusopinion,modernagriG
culturalscienceandtechnologyshouldbeapG
pliedtohelpmodernfarmersincreaseyield,and
hewil makecontinuouseffortsinthisfield.
15
5.WhatdoesXuCongxiangwanttoshowby
hiswordsinParagraph1?
A.Hissweetmemoryofthepast.
B.TheprogressofagricultureinChina.
C.Hisprideinworkingasafarmer.
D.Thehistoryofademonstrationfarm.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“embarking
on”inParagraph2mean?
A.Continuing. B.Changing.
C.Starting. D.Planning.
7.WhatcanwelearnaboutXuschildren?
A.Theyareoccupiedwithdifferentjobs.
B.Theydevotethemselvestoagriculture.
C.Theyhavecreated50newgrainvarieties.
D.Theypromotecultivationmethodstoother
farmers.
8.WhichofthefolowingcanbestdescribeXu
Congxiang?
A.Confidentandcreative.
B.Curiousandselfless.
C.Hardworkinganddetermined.
D.Easygoingandindependent.
Ⅱ.阅读填句(七选五)
Somanythingscankeepyoufromseeing
yourlovedonesinperson.Fortunately,thepeoG
plewemissareoftenonlyaphonecalortext
messageaway.ButifyouprefertypedoutmesG
sagestoverbalones,youmaywanttoreconsidG
er. 1
AnewstudyfoundthatcommunicationinG
teractionsthatincludedvoice,likeaphonecal,
createdstrongersocialbondsthancommunicaG
tionthroughtyping,liketext messaging or
email.
2 Inone,theyasked200peopleto
makepredictionsaboutwhatitwouldbeliketo
reconnectwithanoldfriendbyemailorby
phone.AndthentheyassignedpeopleatranG
domtodooneortheother. 3
“PeoplereportedtheydidformasignifiG
cantlystrongerbond withtheiroldfriendon
thephonethanemail,andtheydidnotfeelmore
awkward,”studycoGauthor Amit Kumar,an
assistantprofessorof marketingatthe McG
CombsSchoolofBusiness,saidinastatement.
Inanotherexperiment,theresearchershad
strangersconnectbyeithertexting,talkingover
videochat,ortalkingusingonlyaudio.They
foundthatbothformsofvoicecommunicaG
tion—whethervideooraudioonly—madethe
strangersfeelsignificantlymoreconnectedthan
whentheycommunicatedviatext.
SabrinaRomanoff,aHarvardtrainedcliniG
calpsychologist,sayspeopletendtotextor
emailinsteadofcalingbecauseofconvenience,
4 Romanoffsaysthatinreality,textingcan
makeithardtodeterminethetruemeaningbeG
hindaconversation. 5 .“EachpartyispresG
ent,andtherefore,abletounderstandthemeanG
ingbehindthecontentwithoutruminatingon
theendlesspossiblemeaningsbehindwordsand
punctuation.”
A.iftheywanttogetconnectedwithsomeone
faraway.
B.Accordingtoscience,ifyouwanttofeelmore
connectedtothepeopleyouretalkingto,
youshouldcaltheminsteadoftexting.
C.Althoughpeopleexpectedthataphonecal
wouldbemoreawkward,hearingsomeones
voiceactualymadetheexperiencebetter.
D.astheyseeitasacontroledformofcommuG
nicationwheretheycan“expressinformation
exactlywithoutunexpectedinterruptionsby
theotherperson.”
E.Asfarassomepeopleareconcerned,making
acalcansaveusmoretimethantexting.
F.Inthestudy,researchersusedvariousexperiG
mentstomeasureconnectedness.
G.“A phonecalisactualy moreconvenient
whenconsideringtheneteffectsofthemesG
sage,”sheexplains.
25
假期作业10
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.Makeamarkwhereyouhavequestions.
2.Wherethereisenoughsunlightandrain,thefieldsaregreen.
3.Heisalwaysworkingwherepeopleneedhim.
4.Comebackwhereyoucomefrom.
5.Filintheblankswitharticleswherenecessary.
Ⅱ.一、1.dare 2.sort 3.beneath 4.postpone 5.nowhere
6.eventualy 7.indeed 8.maintain 9.saying
二、1.basis basic 2.apologise apology 3.ignore ignoG
rance 4.judge 5.scene 6.patience patient 7.indicate
8.intention 9.normal 10.permission permit
Ⅲ.1.asamatteroffact 2.byaccident 3.onduty
4.incase 5.bewilingtodosth. 6.tobehonest
7.oughtto 8.beabouttodosth. 9.在某事的基础上;根据
某事 10.获得贷款 11.打个赌 12.到程度;在程
度上 13.以一种的方式;带着一副的样子 14.既然
那样;假使那样的话
Ⅳ.1.wasaboutto;when 2.foundmyselfsurrounded
3.Itwasthedogthat 4.thatwaswhy 5.Nowthatyouhave
passedtheexam
Ⅴ.whoseaimwastobooststudentsoralEnglish bringingthe
charmofChineseculturetolife notonlybetteredlanguage
skils Itwasagreatsuccess
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.spotted 2.permission 3.indicating 4.scenes 5.ignoring
6.postpone 7.basis 8.apologise 9.servant 10.dinosaur
Ⅱ.1.explaining 2.for 3.asked 4.patience 5.sought
6.standing 7.when 8.tohelp 9.by 10.honestly
Ⅲ.1.careabout 2.takeoutloans 3.inreturnfor
4.makeabet 5.isshowing;out 6.byaccident
7.wasunwilingto 8.Tobehonest 9.incase
10.getintotrouble
Ⅳ.1.whatourcountryandpeoplehaveachieved
2.Itis;thathavechanged
3.findsitnecessarytolearnEnglishwel
4.Weoughttosavewateranytimeandanywhere
5.Thatswhyhecamefirstinthisimportantexam
Ⅴ.1.canspeakEnglishwel 2.mustbereading
3.should/oughttodiscussproblems 4.may/canleavefor
home 5.wilgofishing 6.usedtogotowork
素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.[参考范文]
Notice
InordertoenrichourcampuslifeandenhanceourEnglish
level,theStudentUnionplanstoholdanEnglishDramaShow
intheScienceHalat3p.m.nextFriday.ThemembersofEngG
lishDramaClub wil performthehighlightsofMacbethand
KingLear,whicharethemasterpiecesofShakespeareaswel
asthetreasureofEnglishliterature.ThisisachancetoappreciG
atetheclassicsandpaytributetoliterarygiants.Alstudents
arewelcometojoinus.Pleasebepunctualandyouradviceor
suggestionswilbehighlyappreciated.
Letsexploretheworldofartandliteraturetogether!
Lookingforwardtoyouractiveparticipation.
Ⅱ.[参考范文]
Thenextdayatschool,anotherclassmate,Tom,cametome
witharequest.Hewantedmetojoinhisgroupforahistory
project,which wouldrequireasignificantamountofmyfree
time.Justafewdaysago,Iwouldhaveimmediatelysaidyes
withouthesitation.Butthistime,lookingatTomsexpectant
face,Isummonedupmycourageandsaid,“Tom,IrealyappreG
ciateyouaskingme,butIhavemyownstudyscheduleandperG
sonalthingstotakecareof.ImafraidIcantjoinyourgroup.”
Tomlookedabitsurprised.Hetriedtopersuademe,sayingthat
myideaswouldberealyhelpfulfortheproject.However,I
stoodmygroundandpolitelydeclinedagain.
AfterfirmlysayingnotoTom,Ifeltastrangemixof
nervousnessandrelief.IwasnervousbecauseIwasworried
thatTom mightbeangry with meorthatotherclassmates
wouldthinkIwasselfish.Butatthesametime,therewasa
hugesenseofrelief.Irealizedthatitwasokaytoprioritizemy
ownneeds.Tomysurprise,afewdayslater,Tomcametome
again.Hesaidthatalthoughhewasabitdisappointedatfirst,
heunderstoodmydecision.HeeventhankedmeforbeinghonG
estwithhim.Fromthenon,Icontinuedtobetruetomyself.I
stilhelpedotherswhenIcould,butInolongeroverGcommitted.
第二部分 新知预览1
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.一、1.vital 2.objective 3.obtain 4.defeat 5.insist
6.circumstance 7.found 8.professor
二、1.commit 2.evaluate 3.apparent apparently
4.scientific 5.conclude conclusion 6.consequence
7.gradual gradualy 8.politics
Ⅱ.1.cometopower 2.takeupaposition 3.makecontribuG
tionsto 4.commitoneselftodoing 5.insiston 6.因此,结
果 7.导致;造成(后果) 8.死于(一般是外因,不包括疾病、
过度悲伤等) 9.偶然地 10.取出;提取
Ⅲ.1.mostofwhomrecovered 2.Uponhearingthatshehad
beenawardedtheNobelPrize 3.Whileworkingthere 4.the
mostwelGknownbeingthegeneraltheoryofrelativityandthe
famousformulaE=mc2 5.itwasreportedthatEinsteinhad
passedaway
Ⅳ.1.whom 2.who/that 3.which 4.where 5.when
6.whose
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.obtain 2.committed 3.evaluate 4.Apparently
5.analyse 6.objective 7.circumstances 8.acknowledge
9.passion 10.gradualy
Ⅱ.1.boiled 2.commitment 3.going 4.hearing
5.scientist scientific 6.Circumstances 7.consequence
8.gradualy 9.remarks remarkable 10.novelist novels
Ⅲ.1.leadto 2.commithimselfto 3.graduatedfrom
4.Inthebeginning 5.Inconclusion 6.insistedon
7.cametopower 8.takenup 9.makecontributionsto
10.asaconsequence
Ⅳ.1.thepriceofwhich wasveryreasonable 2.On/Upon
hearingthecrash 3.Itisreportedthattheoldofficebuilding
wilbetorndown 4.whiletraveling 5.Weatherpermitting
Ⅴ.1.which 2.As 3.whose 4.when 5.whose 6.where
7.which 8.who/whom
素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 这是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了中国著名
翻译家许渊冲对于翻译的贡献.
1.D [细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 二 段“Since1978,XuhadpubG
lishedmorethan100translated worksinChinese,English
andFrench,reachingmilionsofreadersathomeandabroad.
Mostnotably,hetranslatedChinesepoemsintorhymedverG
sesinbothEnglishandFrench.(自1978年以来,许出版了
100多部中、英、法翻译作品,在国内外拥有数百万读者.最
值得注意 的 是,他 将 中 国 诗 歌 翻 译 成 英 语 和 法 语 的 押 韵
诗.)”可知,他以翻译押韵诗而广为人知.]
2.A [词义猜测题.根据划线词后的“Forhim,Englishisa
‘scientific’languagethatneedsexactnesswhileChineseisan
‘artistic’languagethatincludesawiderrangeofcontent.
Folowingthisprinciple,Xukeptnotonlyfaithfulnessinthe
sensebutbeautyinsensibilityinhistranslation.(对他来说,
英语是一种‘科学’语言,需要精确,而汉语是一种‘艺术’语
言,包含更广泛的内容.遵循这一原则,他在翻译中既保持
了意义上的忠实,又保持了情感上的美.)”可知,本段主要讲
述了许渊冲先生在他的翻译中不仅追求“直”也追求“美”,由
此可推知,他在翻译时是极其严谨和注重细节的.fastidious
意为“讲究的,挑剔的”.]
3.C [推理判断题.根据第四段“Forexample,whenformer
USpresidentBarackObamatriedtobeginahealthcareproG
jectduringhispresidency,somesenatorsdisagreedatfirst.
ButafterreadingthepoemtitledFishinginSnowtranslated
byXu,onesenatorwassoimpressedwiththefishermansinG
dependentthinkingthathechosetopartwiththepartyline
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tosupportObama.(例如,当美国前总统 BarackObama在其
任期内试图启动一项医疗保健项目时,一些参议员起初表示
反对.但在阅读了许翻译的«江雪»这首诗后,一位参议员被
这位渔夫的独立思考所打动,选择放弃党派路线,转而支持
奥巴马.)”可 推 知,本 段 是 为 了 说 明 许 渊 冲 的 翻 译 技 巧
之高.]
4.D [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 第 二 段“Since1978,XuhadpubG
lishedmorethan100translated worksinChinese,English
andFrench,reachingmilionsofreadersathomeandabroad.
(自1978年以来,许出版了100多部中、英、法翻译作品,在
国内外拥有数百万读者.)”以及最后一段“Havingmadesuch
greatachievements,Xu maintainedaroutine.Everydayhe
translatedabout1,000words,workingtil3to4a.m.,sleepG
ingforabout3hoursandgettingupat6a.m.tocontinue.
‘Translationisameansofcommunicatingwiththewriters
soul.AsuddenflickerofagoodwordoragoodlinethrilsevG
erypore(毛孔)andeveryinchofmyskin,’Xusaid.(取得如
此大的成就后,许保持着常规.他每天翻译大约1000个单
词,工作到凌晨3、4点,睡3个小时左右,早上6点起床继续
工作.‘翻译是与作者心灵交流的一种方式.突然闪现的一
个好词或一个好句子让我的每一个毛孔和每一寸皮肤都兴
奋不已.’许 说.)”可 推 知,许 渊 冲 热 衷 于 翻 译 事 业 且 非 常
努力.]
B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要介绍了一直在
探索科技增产的徐淙祥,以及他对未来农业发展的展望,旨在
引导学生学习感动中国十大人物身上的优秀品质,树立远大目
标,努力实现梦想.
5.B [写作目的题.本题问及第一段中徐淙祥的话意在表达
什么.根据题干关键信息“XuCongxiang”“byhiswords”可
将解题线索定位至第一段中的“Inthe1970s,mostofChinas
wheatyieldpermuwasunder300kg.Now,asfarmingtechG
nologycontinuestoimprove,ourgrainoutputhasincreased
greatly”.由此可知,在20世纪70年代,我国大部分小麦的
亩产量都低于300公斤.现在,随着农业技术的不断提高,
我们的粮食产量大大增加.因此,徐淙祥通过小麦产量的增
加凸显了中国农业的进步.B项是对原文“farmingtechnoloG
gycontinuestoimprove”的同义转换.]
6.C [词 义 猜 测 题.本 题 问 及 第 二 段 划 线 短 语 “embarking
on”是什么意思.划线短语在句中位于后半句,故可将解题
线索定位至划线短语所在句.该句意为,几十年前,还不到
20岁的徐淙祥高中刚毕业就回到家乡成为一名农民,而这
应是他随后几十年投身农业的开端.由此可推断,划线短语
所在分句应指他开始了探索科技增产新途径的旅程.StartG
ing“开始”符合语境.]
7.B [细节理解题.本题问及我们可以了解到徐淙祥孩子的
什么信息.根据题干关键信息“Xuschildren”可将解题线索
定位至 第 四 段.根 据 该 段 第 一 句 “Underhisinfluence...
achievedfurtherbreakthroughs.”可知,在他的影响下,徐淙
祥的孩子们跟随他的脚 步 从 事 农 业,并 取 得 了 进 一 步 的 突
破.B项是原文中“folowedhisfootstepstoworkinagriculG
ture”的近义表达.]
8.C [推理判断题.本题问及以下哪个选项最能描述徐淙祥.
解答本题的关键在于寻找原文中描写徐淙祥的语言或行为
的相关内容.根 据 第 二 段 的 最 后 一 句 中 的“Xuusedtoset
offintothefieldsatdawnandstayedthereuntilthemoon
rose.”可知,徐淙祥常常黎明就去田间,一直劳作到深夜,由
此可知他工 作 努 力.结 合 最 后 一 段 最 后 一 句 中 的“hewil
makecontinuouseffortsinthisfield”可知,徐淙祥还将在农
业领域坚持不懈地努力.因此,徐淙祥是一位工作努力、意
志坚定的人.]
Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.向我们介绍了科研人员
研究发现,打电话或视频等有声音的联系比文字更能让社交有
效,无论老朋友还是陌生人.
1.B [前 文“Somanythingscankeepyoufromseeingyour
lovedonesinperson.Fortunately,thepeoplewemissareofG
tenonlyaphonecalortextmessageaway.Butifyouprefer
typedoutmessagestoverbalones,youmaywanttoreconsidG
er.(很多事情都可以阻止你亲眼见到你所爱的人.幸运的
是,我们错过的人通常只有一个电话或短信的距离.但如果
你更喜欢打信息而不是口头信息,你可能想要重新考虑.)”
指出生活中有许多事情阻止我们见到我们所爱的人们.但
是现代科技解决了那些问题,并强调有声交流的效果更好.
B项“科学研究表明,如果你想和你与之交谈的人们保持亲
近感,你应该给他们打电话,而不是发送文字消息.”符合语
境,内容契合上文,使用研究结果强调有声交流的益处,并引
出下文内容的介绍.]
2.F [下文“Inone,theyasked200peopletomakepredictions
aboutwhatitwouldbeliketoreconnectwithanoldfriendby
emailorbyphone.Andthentheyassignedpeopleatrandom
todooneortheother.(在其中一项中,他们让200人对通过
电子邮件或电话与老朋友重新建立联系的感觉做出预测,然
后随机安排人做其中一项或另一项.)”可知,下文讲述了其
中一项实验,因此推断空处应是说明不止一项实验,F项“在
这项研究中,研究人员使用了各种实验来测量连通性.”符合
语境,选项中的thestudy指代前一段提到的“Anewstudy”.]
3.C [上文“Inone,theyasked200peopletomakepredictions
aboutwhatitwouldbeliketoreconnectwithanoldfriendby
emailorbyphone.Andthentheyassignedpeopleatrandom
todooneortheother.(在其中一项中,他们让200人对通过
电子邮件或电话与老朋友重新建立联系的感觉做出预测,然
后随机安排人做其中一项或另一项.)”可知,研究人员要求
200人预测通过 Email和打电话与老朋友取得联系,之后让
他们去随机用其中一种去验证.C项“尽管人们认为打电话
会更尴尬,但听到别人的声音实际上会让体验更好.”符合语境,
表明实验结果,虽然人们预期打电话可能会打扰到对方,但听到
对方声音真是一种更好的体验.契合上文,符合开头的实验
结论.]
4.D [前文“SabrinaRomanoff,aHarvardtrainedclinicalpsyG
chologist,sayspeopletendtotextoremailinsteadofcaling
becauseofconvenience(哈佛大学临床心理学家萨布丽娜
罗曼诺夫(SabrinaRomanoff)说,人们倾向于发短信或发电
子邮件,而不是打电话,因为方便)”阐述了人们倾向于发短
信或者发邮件的理由是方便,下文“RomanoffsaysthatinreG
ality,textingcanmakeithardtodeterminethetruemeaning
behindaconversation.(罗曼诺夫说,实际上,发短信会让人
很难确定谈话背后的真正含义.)”讲述罗曼诺夫又介绍了发
短信的缺点,因此前后文是转折关系,空处与前文意思一致,
说明喜欢发短信的原由,D 项“因为他们认为这是一种可控
的交流方式,他们可以‘准确地表达信息,而不会被对方意想
不到的打断.’”符合语境,承接上 文,与 前 文convenience是
因果关系.]
5.G [前文“Romanoffsaysthatinreality,textingcanmakeit
hardtodeterminethetruemeaningbehindaconversation.
(罗曼诺夫说,实际上,发短信会让人很难确定谈话背后的真
正含义.)”讲述在现实生活中,发短信会让人很难判断谈话
背后的真实意思,说明发送文字消息的弊端,下文“EachparG
tyispresent,andtherefore,abletounderstandthemeaning
behindthecontentwithoutruminatingontheendlesspossible
meaningsbehindwordsandpunctuation.(每一方都在场,因
此能够理解内容背后的含义,而不必反复思考单词和标点符
号背后无尽的可能含义.)”介绍了打电话的优点.因此推断
G项“她解释说:‘考虑到信息的净影响,实际上打电话更方
便.’”承上启下,对比说明通电话和短消息相比的优点.]
新知预览2
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.一、1.routine 2.command 3.relevant 4.constant
5.available 6.nevertheless 7.potential 8.forecast
9.advocate 10.emphasis
二、1.normal abnormal 2.prefer preference
3.instantly instant 4.persuade 5.distance distant
6.resist 7.occupy 8.combination combine 9.predict
prediction 10.absence absent
Ⅱ.1.switchoff/on 2.earlyon 3.catchfire 4.inthissense
5.keepintouch(with) 6.响应;回应 7.注意进展
或发展过程;掌握线索 8.关心;忧虑;惦念 9.而不是
10.从中获得益处
Ⅲ.1.howtosleepbetter 2.beforemostnewhomesbeginto
usethisnewtechnology 3.Itcouldevenbearguedthat
4.madeitpossibleforfriendsandfamilytokeepintouch
Ⅳ.1.wilbeflying 2.wilbewriting 3.wilbestaying
4.willink/belinking 5.wilstudy/bestudying
6.wilberaining
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