内容正文:
假期作业8 DIVERSECULTURES
No.1 基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.写作句型练
(十四) 同位语从句
同位语从句在句子中作同位语,它一般要
放在 主 句 中 某 些 名 词 (如 thought,idea,fact,
news,suggestion,plan,belief,doubt,fear)之后,
说明这些名词的含义.引导同位语从句的连接
词有 that,whether 或 连 接 副 词 how,when,
where,why等,但大多数是由that引导.
1.Wehavetakenhissuggestion
thatweshould
同位语(从句)
haveasecondtry.
2.ItisnotasecretthatMaryhasfalenin
同位语(从句)
lovewithTom.
1.地球是圆的这种看法并不新鲜.
2.他必须回答他是否同意此事这一问题.
3.我不知道他什么时候回来.
4.真相终于大白,他原来是一个小偷.
5.众所周知,海水是不能饮用的.
Ⅱ.单词分类记
一、写作单词
1. /əd̍mIt/vi.&vt.承认;准许进入
(或加入)
2. /ə̍kɜː(r)/vi.发生;出现
3. /̍ftəwədz/adv.以后;后来
4. /I̍skeIp/vi.&vt.逃走;逃脱;避开
n.逃跑;逃脱;解脱
5. /maI̍nɒrəti/n.少数民族;少数派;少
数人
6. /pə̍sentIdʒ/n.百分率;百分比
7. /̍klaImət/n.气候
8. /mə̍tIəriəl/n.材料;布料;素材adj.
物质的;实际的
9. /̍kləʊðI/n.衣服;服装
10. /niːt/adj.极好的;整洁的;整齐的
二、拓展单词
1. adj.不同的;多种多样的→
n.差异(性);不同(点);多样性
2. n.机会;运气→fortunateadj.幸运
的→ adj.不幸的
3. adv.肯定;确实→ adj.肯
定的;确定的
4. adj.(有关)历史的→historyn.
历史
5. adj.引起中毒的;有毒的;分泌毒素
的→ n.毒物;毒药;毒素vt.毒死;
毒害
6. vt.包;裹;折叠vt.&vi.(可)折小;
(可)叠平→unfoldv.打开
7. n.作品集;收集物;收藏品→colect
v.收集;收藏
8. v.定居→settlern.定居者→settleG
mentn.定居点
9.constructv.建筑;修建→ n.建筑;
结构
10. v.合身;适合n.西装;套装→suitG
ableadj.合适的;适宜的
11. v.包含;含有→ n.容器;
集装箱;货柜
Ⅲ.短语双向记
1. (朝)前进;(向)去
2. 寻找成功致富之路;闯世界
3. 谋生
4. 一系列或一连串(事件)
5. 除了外(还);此外
6. 导致;引起
7.tonamebutafew
8.(at)firsthand
9.openup
10.belocatedin
Ⅳ.经典句式记
1.疑问词+插入语+陈述语气
Where helives?
你认为他住在哪儿?
43
2.Itislikelythat...可能
the
teacher wil ask ussomequestionsabout
grammartomorrow.
很有可能老师明天问我们几个有关语法的
问题.
3.独立主格结构
Therearesomanypeopleontheplayground-
loudlyandwidely.
操场上有很多人,一些疯狂地高声欢呼.
4.非限制性定语从句
Theyoungteacherinventedanewteaching
way, aheateddiscussion
abouteducation.
这位年轻老师创新了一种教学方法,这掀起
了对于教育的热烈讨论.
5.notonly置于句首
hisdrawing
inChina,butalsoinwesterncountries.
他的绘画不仅仅在中国受欢迎,在西方国家
也是如此.
Ⅴ.写作句型采撷———邮件
DearDavid,
(得知你计划来中国游玩)inthecompanyof
yourfamily,Im writingtoextendmysincere
welcometoyou.[写信目的]
WhattopsmyrecommendationsisBeijing,
(你在哪里可以参
观颐和园)andclimbtheGreatWal.Beijing,the
capitalofChina,
(是很多文物的所在地),amongwhichtheForG
biddenCityenjoysthehighestpopularity.The
sceneryhereissobeautifulandtheclimateisso
pleasant (它吸引
了源源不断的游客)fromalovertheworld.[介
绍景点]
Iwilbemorethandelighted
(如果你觉得我的推荐有用的
话).Wishyouanunforgettabletime.[表 示
欢迎]
Yourssincerely,
LiHua
No.2 基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Research hasfoundthathavingaccessto
(不同的)teachersisbeneficialfor
children.
2.His (使命,任务)wasto
helpyoungpeopleinhislocalcommunity.
3.Thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswho
wishto (寻找)theirownanG
swers.
4.Onlya (少数)ofpeoplesupG
portthesenewlaws.
5.HongKongisaninternational
(金融的)center.
6.Thelibraryhasa (收集)of
80,000booksand90kindsofnewspapers
andmagazines.
7.Theseflowerswilnotgrowincold
(气候).Otherwise,theywildie.
8.Despitesomanyproblems,mostofthemhave
been (解决)withsatisfaction.
9.Thebabysmother (逃脱)fromthe
firealongwithtwootherchildren.
10.Nomoneycanbespentonthe (建
设)andoperationofthetram.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Candidates mustsatisfythegeneralcondiG
tionsfor (admit).
2.Whatothersportsdoyoulikeapart
footbal?
3. isbetterforpeopletohaveanextra
20Gminutewalkeveryday.
4.Iwil (definite)choosetostudythis
courseas being ascientisthas been my
dream.
5.Thosewhohavecommittedacrimewilnever
escape (punish).
6.Itattractsstudentshomeandabroadbecause
ofitsabundantcultural (diverse).
7.It (claim)thatsomedoctorswere
working80hoursaweek.
8.Someplantsare (poison)and
shouldbehandledwithcare.
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空
bringabout;makeafortune;underconstrucG
tion;earnaliving;turninto;leaveout;check
out;besuitablefor;liein;settledown
1.Mr.Wang,oneofthe “Ten Great Moral
Models”,saidthathappiness
helpingothersinneed.
53
2.Agreateffortmustbemadebeforetheideals
canbe reality.
3.Thosewithakindandgenerousheart
thispositionofthenonGprofit
organization.
4.Heputalhissavingsintothiscompanyand
inbusiness.
5.Dont anynecessaryinforG
mationonyourscholarshipapplicationform.
6.Formanyyears,themajorityofChinesepeoG
ple byworkinghard
inthecompany.
7.Itisdifficultfortheimmigrants
inaforeigncountry.
8.Thenewinternationalairportisstil
.
9.Itcan aphysicalemotional,ormenG
talchangeinpeople.
10.Theyfoldedtheirclothes,packedupand
then ofthehotel.
Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子
1.对这件事不仅教授们有自己的看法,学生们
也有自己的看法.(notonly置于句首)
Notonly their
ownideasonthe matter,butthestudents
havetheirs,too.
2.中国在10年内可能实现四个现代化.(likeG
ly)
Chinawilrealize
fourmodernizations(现代化)in10years.
3.你认为他什么时候从美国回来? (插入语)
4.一个小男孩领着路,我们很容易就找到了那
个邮局.(独立主格)
,wefoundthepostoffice
easily.
5.我们去了一家特色饭店,在那里我们享受了
一顿美味可口的晚餐.(非限制性定语从句)
Wewenttoaspecialrestaurant,
.
Ⅴ.基础语法练(省略)
将下列句子改写成省略句
1.Justtakeashortbreakifyouaretired.
→Justtakeashortbreak .
2.Onlysomeofthestudentshavedoneafirst
aidcoursebutmostofthestudentshavent
doneafirstaidcourse.
→Onlysomeofthestudentshavedoneafirst
aidcoursebut .
3.Johnwilgoabroadtotravelbuthisbrother
wilnotgoabroadtotravel.
→JohnwilgoabroadtotravelbuthisbrothG
er .
4.Shestoodatthegateasifshewaswaitingfor
someone.
→Shestoodatthegateasif .
5.Whenhe wasin America,he made many
friendswithstudentsfrom differentcounG
tries.
→ ,hemademanyfriends
withstudentsfromdifferentcountries.
6.HewontattendthepartyevenifheisinviG
ted.
→Hewontattendtheparty
.
7.Mistakes,ifthereareany,shouldbecorrecG
ted.
→Mistakes, ,shouldbecorrected.
8.Thebookthatheborrowedyesterdayiswel
worthreading.
→ yesterdayiswel worth
reading.
No.3 素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Specialists(专家)saythatitisnoteasytoget
usedtolifeinanewculture.“Cultureshock”occurs
whentheyaretalkingaboutthefeelingsthatpeople
haveinanewenvironment.Thespecialistssaythat
therearethreestagesofcultureshock.Inthefirst
stage,thenewcomersliketheirnewenvironment.
Then,whenthefreshexperiencedies,theybeginto
hatethecity,thecountry,thepeople,andeverything
else.Inthelaststage,thenewcomersbegintoget
usedtotheirsurroundingsand,asaresult,enjoy
theirlifemore.
Therearesomeevidentfactorsinculture
shock.The weather maybeunpleasant.The
customsmaybediverse.ThepublicservicesysG
tems—thetelephoneservices,thepostoffice,or
thetransportation—maybedifficultto work
out.Thesimplestthingsseemtobethebiggest
problems.Thelanguagemaybedifficult.
63
Whofeelscultureshock?Everyonedoesin
thisorthatway.Butcultureshocksurprises
mostpeople.Veryoftenthepeoplehavingthe
worstcultureshockarethosewhoneverhad
anydifficultiesintheirowncountry.Comingto
anewcountry,thesepeoplefindtheydonot
havethesamepositionsastheyhadbackhome.
Theyfindthemselves withoutanyidentity.
TheyhavetobuildanewselfGimage.
Cultureshockgivesrisetoafeelingof
helplessness.Thisfeeling may be homesickG
ness.Whenhomesick,peoplefeellikestaying
insidealthetime.TheywanttoprotectthemG
selvesfromthestrangeenvironment,andcreate
anescapeinsidetheirroomforasenseofsecurG
ity(安全).Thisescapedoessolvetheproblem
ofcultureshockforashorttime,butitdoes
nothingtomakethepersonfamiliarwiththe
culture.Gettingtoknowthenewenvironment
andgainingexperiencearethelongGtermsoluG
tionstotheproblemofcultureshock.
1.Whatcouldhappenwhenpeoplemovetoa
newcountry?
A.TheymaygetusedtotheirnewsurroundG
ingswithdifficulty.
B.Theymayhavewelpreparedforthenew
surroundings.
C.Theymaygetusedtothecultureofthe
countryquickly.
D.TheymayneverbefamiliarwiththeculG
tureofthecountry.
2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefolG
lowingfactorsdoesntgiverisetoculture
shock?
A.Thelanguage.
B.Theweatherconditionsandcustoms.
C.Thepublicservicesystems.
D.Thehomesickness.
3.Accordingtothepassage,whohavetheworst
cultureshock?
A.Peoplewhoarenotsuccessfulathome.
B.Peoplewhoareverysuccessfulathome.
C.Peoplewhoearnmuchmoneyabroad.
D.Peoplewhoarefamousabroad.
4.Accordingtothewriter,whatisthebestway
toovercomecultureshock?
A.Toprotectourselvesfromtheunfamiliar
environment.
B.TodevelopastrangesenseofselfGprotection.
C.Togetfamiliarwiththenewculture.
D.Toreturntoourowncountry.
B
IwasbornandraisedinEnglandinaculG
ture whererespectingotherpeoplesprivacy
and“keepingyourselftoyourself”werevalued.
Speakingtostrangerswasnotencouraged.PeoG
pleweremosthospitable(好客的)andfriendly.
However,Ihave beenlucky enoughto
spendsometimeinbothItalyandthe US,
whereIfoundtraditionsofhospitalityandpoG
litenessverydifferent.
IexperiencedItalianhospitalityfirstGhand
onacrowdedrailwaycarriagetravelingfrom
GenoatoFlorence.Sinkinggratefulyintoan
emptyseat,IwasscoldedinrapidItalianbya
gentlemanwho wasreturningtotheseat—it
hadnotbeen“spare”afteral,soIapologizedin
English,andgotuptoalowhimbackintothe
seat.ThegentlemanobviouslyhadnounderG
standingoftheEnglishlanguage,butherealG
izedmysincereapology.Hesmiledandgestured
formetoremainintheseat,andhehimselfreG
mainedstandinginthecorridorfortherestof
thejourney.Theotherpassengerssmiledand
noddedatmeandmademefeelquitewelcome
amongthem.IfeelthatifthishadbeeninEngG
land,aforeignerwhomadeamistakewouldnot
alwaysbesokindlytreated.
TransportalsoshowedthedifferencesbeG
tweentheEnglishandAmericanculture.Iflew
toNew YorkonaplanewithmainlyEnglish
passengers.Wesattogetherinnearsilence.NoG
bodyspoketomenor,asIexpected,toanyone
elsetheydidnotknow.TheyfeltitwasnotpoG
litetointerruptsomeoneelsesprivacy.HowevG
er,whenItraveledacrosstheUS,whetherby
planeorGreyhoundbus,Iwasnevershortof
conversation.Conversation was going on al
aroundmeandwhoeversatnexttomewashapG
pytointroducethemselvesandask meabout
myself.Theyobviouslyfeltitwouldhavebeen
rudenottospeaktoanotherperson,whether
theywerestrangersornot.
73
5.Whatdoweknowaboutthepassengerswhen
theauthorwastravelinginItaly?
A.Theywereal onthesideofthegentleG
man.
B.TheyallaughedattheauthorforhismisG
take.
C.Theywouldnotbearamistakelikethe
authorsinpublic.
D.Theyal showedtheirunderstandingof
theauthorsmistake.
6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“scolded”in
Paragraph3referto?
A.Shouted. B.Surprised.
C.Praised. D.Blamed.
7.WhydidEnglishpassengerssitinnearsiG
lenceaccordingtothelastparagraph?
A.Everybodywasdeeplylostinthought.
B.Theywerealstrangerstoeachother.
C.RespectingprivacywasvaluedinEngland.
D.Theyweretootiredtospeaktoanyone.
8.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.UnderstandEachOther
B.TheImportanceofPrivacy
C.DiferentWaysofHospitalityandPoliteness
D.MyUnforgettableTravelingExperience
Abroad
Ⅱ.阅读填句(七选五)
DifferentCultures
TheculturesoftheEastandtheWestrealG
lydistinguisheachotheralot. 1
TheoriginoftheEasterncultureismainly
fromtwocountries:ChinaandIndia.Bothofthe
twoculturesaredevelopedbyrivers — the
YelowRiverinChinaandtheHinduRiverin
India. 2
Whenthetwomotherriversgavebirthto
theEasternculture,anotherfamousculturewas
broughtupontheMesopotamianPlain — the
MesopotamianCivilization.ThiscivilizationlatG
erondevelopedintotheculturesofAncient
GreeceandAncientRome. 3 LiketheChiG
neseculture,theEuropeanculturealsocrossed
waters.WhentheBritishsettleddowninAmerG
ica,theirculturewentwiththemovertheAtG
lanticOcean.SotheAmericanculturedoesnt
distinguishfromtheEuropeanculturealot.
4 TakethelanguagesystemforexamG
ple.IntheEast,mostlanguagesbelongtothe
pictographiclanguagewhilethe WesternlanG
guagesaremostlybasedontheLatinsystem.
Othercauseslikehumanracedifferencecount
aswel.Butwhatsmore,duetothefardistance
andthesteepareasbetweentheEastandWest,
thetwoculturesseldomcommunicateuntilreG
centcenturies.Sotheygrewuptotalyintheir
ownwayswithalmostnointerference(干 扰)
fromtheother.
Thedifferencesareeverywhere. 5 But
differentculturesmaketheworldofthe21st
centurymorecolorful.Theculturalgapshould
notbetheobstacletothecivilizationofhuman
beings.ItoughttobethemotivationofourgoG
ingfarther.
A.Letusworktogethertokeepavarietyof
cultures.
B.Oneimportantthingistolearnaboutother
cultures.
C.AndthesetwoarewelGknownasthebaseof
theEuropeanculture.
D.Atthesametime,someotherdifferencesadd
totheculturaldifferences.
E.Thisisbecausetheculturesystemsaretwo
separatesystemsonthewhole.
F.Theyhelpedthetwoculturesdevelopfor
centuriesandformtheirownstyles.
G.Theyareobviousandaffectpeopleswaysof
thinkingandtheirviewsoftheworld.
FaceChanging(变脸)
Itissaidthattheoriginoffacechanging
hassomethingtodowiththeresistanceofwild
beasts(野兽).Inancienttimes,whencoming
acrossaferocious(凶猛的)animal,peopleused
todraw differentpatternsontheirfacesto
scaretheanimalawayandkeepthemselves
safe.Lateron,suchtrickwasappliedtothe
stageperformanceofSichuanOpera,andthe
unique(独特的)artoffacechanginghasthus
comeintobeing.
83
假期作业7
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.Thequestioniswhetherheisabletodoitalone.
2.Thatiswhyhedidntpasstheexam.
3.XiaoLiisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.
4.Whathewantstoknowiswhichdresssheshouldbuy.
5.Whatistroublingusiswhenwecangettoknowthedetails.
Ⅱ.一、1.complain 2.scholarship 3.hire 4.elsewhere
5.publish 6.replace 7.accident 8.chairman 9.income
10.per 11.therefore
二、1.marry 2.majority major 3.respond response
4.reject rejection 5.appoint appointment 6.elect election
7.retire retirement 8.saving 9.scared scare
10.sharp sharpen 11.energetic 12.operation 13.export
14.assist assistant 15.harmful harmless
Ⅲ.1.carrysb.throughsth. 2.tendtodosth.
3.passaway 4.inmemoryof 5.agreatdeal(of) 6.流着泪;
含着泪 7.处于绝望中 8.被绊倒 9.急救
10.道德困境
Ⅳ.1.thefirst;tofly 2.makingcontributionsto 3.whathe
can 4.Neither;nor 5.inmemoryof
Ⅴ.isanoldfableaboutakingwhothinkshispeoplearelazy
Theauthorusedthisstorytoimpressuponreaders Thestory
wassuccessfulinachievingitspurpose Itsourdutytotake
personalresponsibility therearebetterstoriestoinspirepeoG
pletotakepersonalresponsibility
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.virtue 2.hire 3.precious 4.complained 5.physician
6.moral 7.principles 8.scholarships 9.rejected 10.marriage
Ⅱ.1.to 2.appointment 3.rejections 4.Election
5.moreimportant 6.energetic 7.majority 8.towin
9.about 10.sharply
Ⅲ.1.carry;through 2.befacedwith 3.inmemoryof
4.passedaway 5.drawingaconclusion 6.tendto
7.carefor 8.lookinto 9.intears 10.togetintotrouble
Ⅳ.1.tobeawarded 2.Smokingisveryharmfultopeoples
health 3.whathappenedyesterday 4.NeitherLucynorher
littlebrotheris 5.beresponsibleformystudents
Ⅴ.1.running 宾补 2.Reading 状语 3.working 宾补
4.crying 宾补 5.caled 宾补 6.alowing 状语
素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇议论文.文章主要论述了践行美
德能让我们开发自己的潜能,过上更美好的生活.
1.C [推理判断题.根据第一段最后一句“Withthehabitof
beingvirtuous...greaterhappinessandfulfilment.”可推断,
具有美德的人有行善的习惯.]
2.A [主旨大意题.第二段中的“However,practicingvirtues
isnoteasy.”指出践行美德并不容易,接着列举了几个例子
来证明这一观点.由此可知,本段主要讲的是“践行美德并
非易事”.]
3.D [词 义 猜 测 题.根 据 划 线 词 前 面 的 “kindnesstowards
someone...canmakehimorhersmileandbuild”可知,对那
个正度过糟糕的一天的人施以善意可以让他或她微笑,连词
and表示顺承关系,由此可推测此处指双方建立“融洽的关
系”,划线词意为“融洽关系”,与 D项意思相近.]
4.A [推理判断题.根据最后一段最后一句“PracticingvirG
tuesalowsustodevelopourpotential,andliveamorepurG
posefulandbetterlife.”可推断,作者的目的是鼓励人们践行
美德.]
Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.本文主要讲述了优秀的
人身上所具有的几点优秀品质:为他人考虑、勇敢、对生活心存
感恩、谦逊有礼.文章旨在引导学生学习优秀的品质.
1.D [根据空前的句子“Whatmakesaperson‘good’whenit
alcomesdowntoit?”可知,设空处应该是该问题的回答,再
根据下文每一段的小标题可知,设空处应起到引出下文具体
品质的作 用,D 项 中 的“agoodperson”和 空 前 的“aperson
‘good’”呼 应,且 “somequalities”指 代 了 下 文 小 标 题 的
内容.]
2.G [根据本段小标题“Theythinkofothers.”可知,本段应
与为他人考虑有关.G 项“然而,好的品质是做决定前会考
虑别人.”与空前“只关心自己”形成转折关系.]
3.C [根据本段小标题“Theyrecourageous.”可知,本段讲述
了优秀的人都很勇敢.再结合空前“Goodpeopledontgive
upeasily.”,他们不轻言放弃,可知,设空处也应与勇敢的表
现有关.C项“即使遇到困难,他们也会继续前进.”与前文
衔接,且为递进关系,符合语境.]
4.A [设空处为本段的小标题,应对本段起概括作用.本段
主要讲述优秀的人懂得 珍 惜 和 感 恩 自 己 所 拥 有 的 人 和 物.
A项讲述 了 优 秀 的 人 对 生 活 心 存 感 激,很 好 地 总 结 段 落
大意.]
5.F [根据本段小标题“Theyremodestandhumble.”可知,本
段主要讲述优秀的人都很谦逊有礼.故设空处也应与优秀
谦逊有关.F项中的“modest”为小标题中“modest”的同词复
现.F项“一个优秀的人对自我保持着自信而谦逊的看法.”
既呼应了本段主题,又引出了下文.]
Ⅲ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要讲述了张桂梅
为中国偏远山区教育事业做出的杰出贡献.
1.wasforced [考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致.分析句子
可知,设空处为宾语从句的谓语,根据主句的时态和此处语
境可知应用一般过去时;a13GyearGoldgirl与force之间为被
动关系,应用被动语态;主语为单数名词,谓语也应用单数.
故填 wasforced.]
2.being [考查动词Ging形式.句中for为介词,后接动词Ging
形式作宾语.故填being.]
3.tobuild [考查动词不定式.inspiresb.todosth.意为“激
励某人做某事”,动词不定式作宾补.故填tobuild.]
4.where [考查定语从句.分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制
性定语从句,先行词为afreepublichighschool,关系词在从
句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词 where引导定语从句.]
5.thousands [考查数词.thousandsof意为“数以千计的”.
故填thousands.]
6.to/into [考查介词.beadmittedto/into...为固定搭配,意
为“被接收”.故填to或into.]
7.wel [考查副词.dowelin意为“在方面做得好”.故
填 wel.]
8.An [考查冠词.mother为可数名词,此处泛指“一个受过良好
教育的、负责任的母亲”,且educated的发音以元音音素开头,应
用不定冠词an.注意句首单词首字母大写.故填 An.]
9.moving [考查形容词.分析句子可知,设空处作定语修饰
stories,意为“令人感动的”,应用形容词.故填 moving.]
10.contribution(s) [考查名词.设空处作介词for的宾语,应
用名词;contribution意为“贡献”时为 可 数 名 词,但 设 空 处
前面有限定词her,所以此处用单复数均可.故填contribuG
tion(s).]
假期作业8
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.Theideathattheearthisroundisnotanewone.
2.Hemustanswerthequestionwhetherheagreestoitornot.
3.Ihavenoideawhenhewilbeback.
4.Thewholetruthcameoutatlastthathewasathief.
5.Thefactthatseawatercannotbeusedfordrinkingisknown
toal.
Ⅱ.一、1.admit 2.occur 3.afterwards 4.escape 5.minoriG
ty 6.percentage 7.climate 8.material 9.clothing
10.neat
二、1.diverse diversity 2.fortune unfortunate 3.definitely
definite 4.historical 5.poisonous poison
6.fold 7.colection 8.settle 9.construction 10.suit
11.contain container
Ⅲ.1.headto 2.seekonesfortune 3.earnaliving
4.seriesof 5.apartfrom 6.bringabout 7.仅举几例
8.第一手;亲自 9.开发;开辟 10.位于
Ⅳ.1.doyouthink 2.Itislikelythat 3.somecheering
4.whichstarted 5.Notonlyis;popular
Ⅴ.HavinglearnedthatyouplantopayavisittoChina where
youcanvisittheSummerPalace ishometoanumberofculG
turalrelics thatitattractsaconstantstreamoftravelers if
youfindmyrecommendationhelpful
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.diverse 2.mission 3.seek 4.minority 5.financial
6.colection 7.climates/climate 8.settled/solved 9.escaped
10.construction
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Ⅱ.1.admission 2.from 3.It 4.definitely 5.beingpunished
6.diversity 7.wasclaimed 8.poisonous
Ⅲ.1.liesin 2.turnedinto 3.aresuitablefor
4.madeafortune 5.leaveout 6.earnedaliving 7.tosettle
down 8.underconstruction 9.bringabout 10.checkedout
Ⅳ.1.dotheprofessorshave 2.Itislikelythat 3.Whendo
youthinkheiscomingbackfromAmerica? 4.Aboyleading
theway 5.whereweenjoyedadeliciousdinner
Ⅴ.1.iftired 2.mosthavent 3.wil not 4.waitingfor
someone 5.WheninAmerica 6.evenifinvited 7.ifany
8.Thebookheborrowed
素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.A.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了当
人们进入一个新的环境后,哪些因素会引起文化冲击,哪些人
会感受到文化冲击,以及文化冲击的影响和应对方法.
1.A [细节理解题.根据第一段首句“Specialistssaythatitis
noteasytogetusedtolifeinanewculture.”和下文对文化
冲击的三个阶段的陈述可知,当人们搬到一个新的国家时,
他们可能很难适应新环境.]
2.D [细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 二 段 中 的“Theweathermaybe
unpleasant.Thecustomsmaybediverse.Thepublicservice
systems...maybedifficulttoworkout...Thelanguagemay
bedifficult.”可知,天气条件、习俗、公共服务系统和语言都
会引起文化冲击,所以 A、B、C三项可排除.]
3.B [推理判断题.根据第三段第四句“Veryoftenthepeople
havingtheworstcultureshockarethosewhoneverhadany
difficultiesintheirowncountry.”可知,最能感受到文化冲击
的人是在自己国家中 从 未 遇 到 过 任 何 困 难 的 人,由 此 可 推
测,在国内很成功的人最能感受到文化冲击.]
4.C [推理判断题.根据最后一段尾句“Gettingtoknowthe
newenvironmentandgainingexperiencearethelongGterm
solutionstotheproblemofcultureshock.”可 知,熟 悉 新 环
境、获得经验是长远解决文化冲击的办法,也就是说解决文
化冲击的最好办法是熟悉新文化.]
B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.作者通过自己的旅行经
历说明了不同文化中人们表现“好客”和“礼貌”的方式不一样.
5.D [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 第 三 段 中 的“Theotherpassengers
smiledandnoddedatmeand mademefeelquitewelcome
amongthem.(其他乘客对我微笑着点了点头,让我在他们中
间感到很受欢迎.)”可知,车厢里的其他乘客都对作者点头
微笑,说明他们理解作者的错误,对作者的错误很宽容.]
6.D [词义猜测题.根据划线词所在句中的“soIapologized
inEnglish,andgotuptoalowhimbackintotheseat”可知,
作者道歉说明作者被批评,划线词是“责备”的意思,与blame
意为一致.]
7.C [细节理解题.根据最后一段中的“Theyfeltitwasnot
politetointerruptsomeoneelsesprivacy.(他们觉得打断别
人的隐私是不礼貌的.)”可知,英国乘客都不说话是因为他
们国家的传统认为打扰别人的清净是很不礼貌的,因此英国
重视尊重别人不受干扰的状态.]
8.C [主 旨 大 意 题.通 读 全 文,尤 其 是 第 二 段 “However,I
havebeenluckyenoughtospendsometimeinbothItalyand
theUS,whereIfoundtraditionsofhospitalityandpoliteness
verydifferent.(然而,我很幸运地在意大利和美国待了一段
时间,在那里我发现好客和礼貌的传统非常不同.)”可知,作
者通过描述自己在意大利和美国的旅行经历来说明不同文
化中人们表现“好客”和“礼貌”的方式不一样.故 C项“好客
和礼貌的不同方式”切题.]
Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要讲述了东西方
文化的差异及其形成的原因.
1.E [该空前一句提到“东西方文化确实有很大的差异”,后面
说文化不同的原因,可知.]
2.F [根据该空前一句可知,两种文化分别由中国的黄河和印
度的印度河所孕育,由此可知,这里写的是河流对于文化的
影响,可知.]
3.C [上文说这种文明后来发展成为古希腊和古罗马文明,C
项“众所周知,这两种文明正是欧洲文化的基础”是对上文的
总结.]
4.D [该空后一句“Takethelanguagesystemforexample.”是
以语言系统来举例讲述了文化间的差异,由此可知本段主要
是以其他方面的不同来说明文化的不同,可知.]
5.G [由该空前一句“Thedifferencesareeverywhere.”以及空
后的内容讲述了文化的不同对世界的影响可知.]
假期作业9
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.Whenthebelrang,thepersonwaswaitinginhisseat.
2.Threemonthshadgonebybeforesheknewit.
3.Shewentonwalkingandwalkinguntilshecametotheendof
theriver.
4.MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.
5.Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.
Ⅱ.一、1.mental 2.inteligent 3.data 4.desire 5.signal
6.lack 7.otherwise 8.beyond 9.keen 10.shalow
11.attach
二、1.determined determine 2.disappointed disappointing
3.independently independent 4.recycle recyclable
5.argue argument 6.regularly regular 7.limited limitG
less limit
Ⅲ.1.carryon 2.onboard 3.resultin 4.runout 5.soas
to(dosth.) 6.提供生活所需 7.抱着的希望
8.弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白 9.所以;结果(是) 10.最后
Ⅳ.1.Come;and 2.enoughtodrive 3.Whatonehaslearned
4.Folowingtheexample 5.tocarry
Ⅴ.whetheritisnecessarytocarryoutouterspaceexploration
asitisofbenefittomanyfields thesuccessofspaceexploG
rationisachieved whicharefarbeyondourimagination
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.procedure(s) 2.gravity 3.inteligent 4.universe
5.launched 6.sufficient 7.current 8.facilities 9.monitor
10.resource
Ⅱ.1.to 2.global 3.limited 4.from 5.togo 6.argument
7.regularly 8.on 9.disappointed 10.working
Ⅲ.1.arerunningout 2.inthehopeof 3.carriedon
4.figureout 5.asaresult 6.resultedin 7.Inclosing
8.providefor
Ⅳ.1.Studyhardandyouaresuretosucceed 2.Tokeep
healthy 3.Notknowinghertelephonenumber 4.enough
moneytobuythecar 5.WhatIneed
Ⅴ.1.togo 定语 2.Toprovide 目的状语 3.tofind 结
果状语 4.toget 定语 5.tosee 原因状语 6.tocarry
定语 7.tounderstand 状语 8.tolive 定语
素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章探讨了一种未来宇
航员可能在太空中获取食物的新方法:利用细菌将小行星中的
含碳物质转化为可食用 的 食 物,类 似 于 酸 奶 或 粉 末.如 果 成
功,这种方法可以在小行星上大规模生产食物,为未来的太空
探索提供支持.
1.A [根据空前“WhileastronautsontheInternationalSpace
Stationhaveexperimentedwithgrowingsaladleaves,thevast
majorityoffood consumedin spaceistransportedfrom
Earth.(虽然国际空间站上的宇航员已经尝试种植沙拉叶,
但在太空中消费的大部分食物都是从地球运输过去的.)”和
空 后 “ThatswhyJoshuaPearceat Western Universityin
Ontario,Canada,decidedtotryusingbacteriatochangecarG
bonGcontaining(含碳的)materialfromminorplanetsintoeatG
ablefood.(这就是为什么加拿大安大略省西安大略大学的约
书亚皮尔斯决定尝试使用细菌将小行星中的含碳物质转
化为可食用的食物.)”可知,太空使用的大部分食物来自地
球,因此更加遥远且持久的任务是不可能的,因为食物无法
供应,因此推断 A项“这对于更远距离、更长时间的任务来说
是不可能的.”符合语境,并且引出下文的解决办法———尝试
使用细菌将小行星中的含碳物质转化为可食用的食物.]
2.E [根据前文“Thisprocesshasnotbeencarriedoutyeton
realminorplanets.ButPearcesteamhasperformedsimilar
experimentsusingbacteriatobreakdownplasticfromleftoG
verinarmyfoodsupplybags.(这一过程尚未在真正的行星
上进行.但皮尔斯的团队已经进行了类似的实验,使用细菌
分解军队食品供应袋中的塑料残留物.)”和后文“ThecolecG
tivebacteriaenduplookingsomethinglikeabrown milkG
shakeandtheteam hasalsoexperimentedwithdryingout
thismaterialtoproducesomethinglikeyogurtorevenapowG
der.(最终的细菌混合物看起来像一种棕色奶昔,团队还尝
试将这种物质干燥,以生产出类似酸奶或粉末的东西.)”可
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