内容正文:
假期作业8 GREENLIVING(Ⅱ)
No.1 基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.写作句型练
(八) 表语从句
表语从句在复合句中起表语作用,它
位于主句中的连系动词之后.
1.Hissuggestionis
thatweshouldhaveadiscussion
表语(从句)
abouttheproblem.
2.Theproblemis
whetherhewillistentoouradvice
表语(从句)
.
1.问题是他能否单独做这件事.
2.那是他考试不及格的原因.
3.小李不再是以前的样子了.
4.他想知道的是她应买哪件衣服.
5.让我们困扰的是我们什么时候才能知道
细节.
Ⅱ.单词分类记
一、写作单词
1. [̍pəʊstə(r)]n.海报
2. [ə̍kɜː(r)]vi.发生
3. [slIm]adj.微小的;苗条的;
薄的
4. [̩əʊvə̍kʌm]vt.克服(困难);控
制(感情)
5. [̍fɔːmə(r)]adj.以前的,从
前的
6. [̍kʌrənt]adj.当前的,现时的
7. [̍ɔdnri]adj.普通的;平常的
8. [̍ðeəfɔː(r)]adv.因此;由此
9. [̩destI̍neIʃn]n.目的地;终点
10. [̍ætItjuːd]n.看法;态度
二、拓展单词
1. [̍ɔːənaIzə]n.组织者,安排者
→organisevt.组 织 →organizationn.
组织
2. [prə̍pəʊzl]n.建议,提议→
proposevt.建议,提议
3. [sə̍vaIvl]n.继续生存,幸存→
survivev.幸存
4. [dI̩tɜːmI̍neIʃn]n.决心;毅
力→determinevt.决定;确定;下定决心
→determinedadj.坚定的
5. [̩dIsə̍pIə(r)]vi.消失,不见
→disappearancen.消失
6. [ə̍fIʃl]n.官员,高级职员adj.
公务的;官方的→officialyadv.正式地,
官方地
7. [kən̍teInə(r)]n.容器→contain
vt.包含;容纳
8. [mə̍dʒɒrəti]n.大多数→major
adj.主要的vi.主修
9. [̍ænjuəli]adv.每年;一年一度
地→annualadj.每年的;一年一度的
10. [pə̍luːtənt]n.污染物→polute
vt.污染→polutionn.污染
Ⅲ.短语双向记
1. 想出,想到
2. 参加
3. 削减,缩减
4. 总之
5. 避免做
6. 被称作,被称为
7.dueto
53
8.turnoff
9.contributeto
10.becomepopularwith
11.beknownas
12.asaresultof
13.takeresponsibilityfor
Ⅳ.经典句式记
1.until引导时间状语从句
MsYihadacontentedlife
(直到发生了一
件可怕的事).
2.make+宾语+宾语补足语
SoYiJiefangdecidedto
(让她儿
子梦想成真).
3.sothat引导目的状语从句
Peoplewouldleavethebikeintheplace
wheretheyfinishedtheirjourney,
(以便其
他人能从那儿继续使用).
4.比较级+and+比较级
InChina,
(越来越多的城市)havetheirown“white
bike”programmes.
5.as引导非限制性定语从句
(如图所
示),thepercentageofthosewhofelt
thattheyneededtohelpprotecttheenG
vironmentisashighas96%.
No.2 基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Inaword,ifyouinsistonexercising,you
aresuretohaveanattractivefigureand
stay (苗条的)andhealthy.
2.Shefinaly (克服)thefearof
actinginfrontofaudienceandgained
tremendousconfidence.
3.Manypatientswaitingforneworganswil
diebeforegettingtheirchancetoreceivea
heart,lungorkidney. (因此),
medicalsciencehasturnedtoanimalorG
gans.
4.It (产生)tomethatIshould
gotoattendameetingwhenIwasabout
togohome.
5.TheFoxTVsingingcontestsearchesfor
popstarsamong (普 通 的)
people.
6.Shedidntknowanythingabout
(当前的)TVshowsorfashiontrends.
7.Asanimportantpartofsociety,festivals
reflectpeopleswishes,beliefs,faiths,
and (态度)towardslife.
8.Wehadintendedtoarriveatour
(目 的 地)at9oclock,butwe
didntbecauseofthetrafficjam.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.Firstaidgivenatthesceneintimecan
increasethevictimschanceof
(survive)andagoodrecovery.
2.Submitatopic (propose)to
yourhistoryteacher.
3.Theelectionresultshavestil notbeen
(official)announced.
4.The (major)ofthestudents
havebeentotheDisneyParksofar.
5.Thereisaclear (indicate)that
theeconomyisimproving.
6.WorldConsumerRightsDayiscelebratG
ed (annual)byconsumerorG
ganizationsworldwide.
7.Sulphurdioxideisa (polute)
andamajorcontributortoacidrain.
8.Theheavyrainand (flood)
kiledscoresofcattleinthisvilage.
9.Hetoldusthattheimportantletters
wereina (contain).
10.The (disappear)of
the wolves had many unexpected reG
sults.
63
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空
takepartin;tosum up;contributeto;
comeupwith;prevent ...from...;asa
resultof;cutbackon;turnoff;takereG
sponsibilityfor;thanksto
1.HavingdiscussedtheproblemalafterG
noon,theyfinaly asoluG
tiontoit.
2. altheclassmateseffortsand
teachershelp,welivedthelifetothe
fulest,withoutregretsleft.
3.Whodoyoutrustto
ourcountrysdefence?
4. ,Iwishyoucouldliveupto
theexpectationsofourschool.
5.Occupiedinlookingafterthreechildren
athome,shehasnotimeto
thevariousactivitiesintheclub.
6.IamconvincedoftheimportanceofhonG
esty,whichwil building
awarmandharmonioussociety.
7.Tosaveenergy,do the
computerwhenyourenotusingit.
8.Thefatmanwasil,sohedeterminedto
meatinhisdiet.
9.Wearemakinggreateffortsto
thefluvirus spreading.
10.Altheworkersleftthecompany
thepoorcondition.
Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子
1.我的妈妈总是要我每天做运动.(make
+宾语+宾语补足语)
My mom always
everyday.
2.亚瑟继续跑,直到他赶上了他前面的一
辆出租车.(until)
Arthur he
caughtataxiinfrontofhim.
3.天气越来越凉爽.(比较级+and+比较级)
Theweather
.
4.我想告知你一些详细的信息,以便你能
为此做好充分的准备.(sothat)
Idliketoinformyouofsomedetailed
information
.
5.众所周知,兴趣是最好的老师.(as引导
非限制性定语从句)
,
interestisthebestteacher.
Ⅴ.基础语法练(构词法:转化)
写出下列句中画线单词的词性和词义
1.Although mynewcelphonehasmany
functions,itdoesntfunctionwel.
2.Ihavebooked myticketand bought
threebooksformysister.
3.Mybrotherisstudyingforthecoming
examinationinourfathersstudy.
4.Letsgooutforawalkaftersupper,but
dontwalktoofast.
5.You mustslowdownalittleoryoul
makeyourselfil.
6.LilywantedtotakeacareerbreakinorG
dertohavechildren.
7.Thereisnoneedforyoutogetupearly
tomorrow.
8.Theboydreamsofbecomingapilot.
9.Whoscoredthegoal?
10.Theaccidentresultedinthedeathof
twopassengers.
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No.3 素养提升———感与知
阅读理解
A
WhenSimonCanewasinthesecond
grade,he beganlearning aboutal the
wayshumanshaveanimpactontheenviG
ronmentandrealytookthoseclassroom
lessonstoheartinawaythatsethimapart
from hisschoolmatesat hiselementary
school,P.S.81,intheBronx.“Hetoldme
wedrovetoomuchandmadetoomuchpolG
lution,”his dad,Jonathan Cane,told
Runners World.SoSimonconvincedhis
parentstostarthangingtheirclothesto
dry,takingthestairsinsteadofelevators,
andother“green”measures.
“Formuchofkindergartenandfirst
gradeIrode mybiketoSimonsschool
withhimontheback,”Jonathansaid.“We
hadalotoffunbeingoutdoors.Wedstop
togiveourdogtreatsandgeneralyenjoyed
it.”As Simon got bigger,though,it
wasntpracticalforhim torideon his
fathersback,butitalsodidntmakesense
toridetogether— bothbecauseofsafety
concernsandbecausetherewasnoplaceto
putawaySimonsbike.So,mostofthe
timetheydrovethe15milestoschool.
Butin2019,whenSimonwasgoing
intothirdgrade,the8GyearGoldcameup
withanewwaytohelptheplanet:running
the15 milestoP.S.81.AndJonathan
promisedhissonhedjoinhimforaslong
ashewanted.
“WedidatestrunonedayinAugust,
anddecidedtogiveitago.Tobehonest,I
thoughthedblink(眨眼)afteritgotrealy
coldorrainy,butheneverdid,”Jonathan
said.Herecaledonedaywhentheweather
wasparticularlybad.“Itsrealyraining
outtheretoday,”hetoldSimon.“AndSiG
monsaid,‘Welthenweregoingtoget
wet!’Hetookprideintoughingitout,
anditbecamearealyfunfamilyroutine.”
Sincethestart,Simonhasrun with
hisdadandtheirblackdog,Lola,andhas
eveninspiredhismom,NicoleSinQuee,
tojoinin.Theysoonbecameknownas“the
familythatrunstoschool”.
1.WhatmakesSimondifferentfrom his
classmates?
A.Washinghisclothesbyhimself.
B.Takingmanyclassesafterschool.
C.Raisingstrangequestionsinclass.
D.Takinggreenmeasurestoprotectthe
environment.
2.HowdidSimonusualygotoschoolin
secondgrade?
A.Bycar. B.Bycycling.
C.Byrunning. D.Byschoolbus.
3.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?
A.Simonhastroublewithhiseyesight.
B.Simonisrealystubbornandinflexible.
C.Simonismuchtougherthanexpected.
D.Simondidntgetsupportfrom hisfaG
ther.
4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?
A.TheBestWaytoGotoSchool
B.FatherandSonRunfortheEnvironG
ment
C.ATeenagerKeepsRunningtoInspireFaG
ther
D.ThreeInspiringRunningAthletesto
ProtecttheEnvironment
83
B
Catchyourreusablebagandkissyour
plasticbagsgoodbye.Plasticwasteisonits
way out,thankstothesegovernmental
bansfromaroundtheworld.
FromIndianatoMaine,governments
atallevelsintheUSareforcingbansand
improvingrecycling.Peopleareshopping
smarterandcompaniesaredoingbetterto
ensuretheprotectionofourenvironment.
Slowlybutsurely,theworldisenteringa
brighterfutureasmoreandmorecountries
folow.Buttheresstilalotofworktobe
done—orundone.
Sincethe1950s,researcherssaythat
aboutmorethan83biliontonsofplastic
hasbeenproduced.And60%ofthatwaste
hasended upintheenvironment.That
number hasincreased quickly overthe
years.Forexample,itwasrecordedthat
the worldsplasticproductiondoubledfrom
1976(50miliontons)to1989(100milion
tons).Itwashighestat368milionin2019
beforedecreasingto367milionin2020.
AmiliontonsdecreaseofplasticproG
ductionisnotenoughtodealwiththerisG
ingpressuresplasticputsintotheenvironG
ment.Westil donotknow howlongit
takesforplastictobreakdown.Itmeans
thatabout12miliontonsofplasticwaste
thatenteredthe oceanin 2010isstil
breakingintomicroplasticsandfilingup
thestomachsofbirdsandseaanimals.The
plasticgoingintoourenvironmentisnot
goingaway.WhilerecentstudiesofplasticG
eatingenzymesand bacteria offersome
hopeforthefutureofplasticwastemanG
agement,thebestwaytodealwithourenG
vironmentalstressisthroughdecrease.
In2020,NewYorkCitybegantoban
plasticbags.ButthiswasntthefirstplasG
ticbagbaninaUSstate.Infact,theUS
wasnteventhefirstcountrytointroduce
thisidea.Backin2002,Bangladeshbecame
thefirstcountrytoimplementaplasticbag
ban.Sincethen,othercountrieshavefolG
lowed,introducingtheirownwaystofight
withthecontinuingplasticbags.
5.Whatdoweknowaboutplasticwaste?
A.Wehavecompletelycleaneditup.
B.Itishardlyincreasingal overthe
world.
C.Wehavedonenothingtodealwithit.
D.ThereisalongwaytosolvetheprobG
lemofit.
6.HowmuchplasticwastehasbeenputinG
totheenvironmentsincethe1950s?
A.Morethan83biliontons.
B.About5biliontons.
C.About100miliontons.
D.Lessthan368miliontons.
7.Whatcanbeinferredaboutdealingwith
plastic?
A.Itdoesnttakelongtobreakdownit.
B.Seaanimalscanbeeatingmostofit.
C.Someenzymesandbacteriahelpalot.
D.Cuttingplasticwastedownisstilthe
bestway.
8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impleG
ment”inthelastparagraphmean?
A.Carryout. B.Keepup.
C.Lookat. D.Takeaway.
ChineseEmbroidery(中国刺绣)
ChineseembroideryreferstoembroiG
derycreatedbyanyofthecultureslocated
intheareathatmakesupmodernChina.
Itissomeoftheoldestextantneedlework
(针线活).Thefourmajorregionalstylesof
ChineseembroideryareSuzhouembroidery(Su
Xiu),Hunan embroidery(Xiang Xiu),
Guangdongembroidery(YueXiu)andSiG
chuanembroidery(ShuXiu).
93
12.D [句意:她在沙漠里发现了一个空白的、身份不明的
信封,里面装着850美元现金.故选 D.]
13.B [这里表示“他们的车坏掉了”.故选B.]
14.D [当他们的车抛锚时,有人给他们提供了“帮助”,故
选 D.]
15.A [这里表示“怀着清扫公园里所有垃圾的目的,他们
聚到了一起”,withapurposeof意为“带着目的”,
故选 A.]
Ⅱ.[参考范文]
Dearfriends,
Wearewritingthislettertoraiseyourawarenessof
theneedtoourplanet.YoucanhelpsimplybyparticiG
patingintheNoBottledWaterCampaign.
ScientificresearchshowsthatmilionsoftonsofplasG
ticareusedworldwidetomakewaterbottleseachyear.
Theplasticcantakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.So
wewouldliketosuggestyoutakingthefolowingsteps.
1.Carryyourwaterinareusablebottle.Inthisway,
youdontneedtobuybottledwater.
2.Ifyouhavetobuyaplasticbottledbeverage,recycle
thebottleafteruse.
3.Askyourfamilymembersandfriendstotakepartin
thiscampaign.
Everyoneisresponsibleformakingourplanetcleaner
andbetterbydoingwhatwecan.Letsstartnow.
StudentUnion
假期作业8
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.Thequestioniswhetherheisabletodoitalone.
2.Thatiswhyhedidntpasstheexam.
3.XiaoLiisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.
4.Whathewantstoknowiswhichdresssheshouldbuy.
5.Whatistroublingusiswhenwecangettoknowthedetails.
Ⅱ.一、1.poster 2.occur 3.slim 4.overcome 5.forG
mer 6.current 7.ordinary 8.therefore 9.destination
10.attitude
二、1.organiser 2.proposal 3.survival 4.determination
5.disappear 6.official 7.container 8.majority
9.annualy 10.polutant
Ⅲ.1.comeupwith 2.takepart(in) 3.cutbackon
4.tosumup 5.prevent...from... 6.bereferredtoas
7.因为 8.关闭 9.导致 10.变得受的欢迎
11.作为而出名 12.因为 13.为负责任
Ⅳ.1.untilaterribleeventoccurred 2.makehersons
dreamcometrue 3.sothatsomeoneelsecouldthentakeit
anduseitfromthere 4.moreandmorecities 5.Asthe
diagramshows
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.slim 2.overcame 3.Therefore 4.occurred
5.ordinary 6.current 7.attitudes 8.destination
Ⅱ.1.survival 2.proposal 3.officialy 4.majority
5.indication 6.annualy 7.polutant 8.flooding
9.container 10.disappearance
Ⅲ.1.cameupwith 2.Thanksto 3.takeresponsibility
for 4.Tosumup 5.takepartin 6.contributeto
7.turnoff 8.cutbackon 9.prevent from 10.asareG
sultof
Ⅳ.1.makesmedoexercise 2.continuedtorununtil
3.isgettingcoolerandcooler 4.sothatyoucanmakeful
preparationsforit 5.Asisknowntousal/Aswealknow
Ⅴ.1.n.功能;v.起作用,运转 2.v.预订;n.书 3.v.学
习;n.书房 4.n.散步;v.走 5.v.放慢 6.n.中断
7.n.必要 8.v.梦想 9.v.进球 10.v.导致
素养提升———感与知
A.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要讲述了一
位八岁的男孩 SimonCane为环保做出的实际行动———和
爸爸一起跑步去上学.
1.D [细节理解题.根据第一段“WhenSimonCanewas
inthesecondgrade...P.S.81,intheBronx.”以及“So
Simonconvincedhisparentstostart...andother‘green’
measures.”可知,当SimonCane上二年级的时候,他开
始学习人类对环境的所有影响,把那些课堂上所学的内
容铭记于心,并且采取“绿色”措施保护环境,这使得他
跟他的同学不同.故选 D项.]
2.A [推理判断题.根据第二段“AsSimongotbigger...
So,mostofthetimetheydrovethe15milestoschool.”以
及第三段“Butin2019,whenSimonwasgoingintothird
grade,the8GyearGoldcameupwithanewwaytohelpthe
planet:runningthe15milestoP.S.81.”可推知,二年级
时 SimonCane主要是坐车去上学.故选 A项.]
3.C [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 第 四 段 “‘Tobehonest,I
thoughthedblink(眨眼)afteritgotrealycoldorrainy,
butheneverdid,’Jonathansaid.”可知,SimonCane比预
料的要坚强.故选 C项.]
4.B [标题归纳题.阅读全文,尤其是根据第一段“When
SimonCanewasinthesecondgrade...andrealytook
thoseclassroomlessonstoheart”以 及 最 后 一 段 “Since
thestart...Theysoonbecameknownas‘thefamilythat
runstoschool.’”可知,本文主要讲述八岁的男孩 Simon
Cane很重视环保,并且为环保做出的实际行动———和爸
爸一起跑步去上学.故选B项.]
B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了由
于世界各地的这些政府禁令,塑料垃圾正在消失,但仍有
许多工作要做或未做.文章也介绍了世界塑料垃圾的数
量和处理塑料垃圾面临的问题等.
5.D [细节理解题.根据第二段中“Slowlybutsurely,the
worldisenteringabrighterfutureasmoreandmorecounG
triesfolow.Buttheresstilalotofworktobedone—or
undone.”可知,解决塑料垃圾问题有很长的路要走.故
选 D.]
6.B [细节理解题.根据第三段中“Sincethe1950s...in
theenvironment.”可知,自20世纪50年代以来,约83亿
×60%≈50亿吨塑料垃圾被排放到环境中.故选B.]
7.D [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 中 “Whilerecent
studiesof...thebestwaytodealwithourenvironmental
stressisthroughdecrease.”可推知,减少塑料垃圾仍然
是处理塑料最好的方法.故选 D.]
8.A [词义猜测题.根据最后一段中“In2020,NewYork
Citybegantoban...tointroducethisidea.”以及画线词上
文“Backin2002,Bangladeshbecamethefirstcountryto”和
后文“aplasticbagban”可知,2020年,纽约市开始禁止塑
料袋.但这并不是美国第一个禁止使用塑料袋的州.事
实上,美国甚至不是第一个引入这种想法的国家,因为早
在2002年,孟加拉国就成为第一个实施塑料袋禁令的国
家.故画线词意思是“实施”.故选 A.]
66