内容正文:
假期作业7 GREENLIVING(Ⅰ)
No.1 基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.写作句型练
(七) 宾语从句
宾语从句在复合句中起宾语作用,它
既可作谓语动词的宾语,也可作介词、非谓
语动词的宾语.
1.Thekindmanalwaysconsiders
whathecandotohelpothers
宾语(从句)
.
2.Hehasastrongbeliefin
whateverhiswifesays
宾语(从句)
.
1.我认为看太多电视对人的健康有害.
2.我不知道他在哪所学校读书.
3.她不知道谁首先发现了美洲大陆.
4.你能告诉我最近的邮局在哪儿吗?
5.你知道他将于什么时候动身去香港吗?
Ⅱ.单词分类记
一、写作单词
1. [̍əʊʃn]n.海洋
2. [smɒ]n.雾霾
3. [̍dezət]n.沙漠
4. [In̍dʌstriəl]adj.工业的
5. [̍trænspɔːt]n.交通运输系统,
运输方式
6. [̩riː̍saIkl]vi.&vt.再利用,回
收利用
7. [̍bɒðə(r)]vi.&vt.费心,麻烦
8. [fɜːm]adj.坚实的;稳固的
二、拓展单词
1. [̍ɡləʊbl]adj.全球的,全世界的
→globen.地球;地球仪
2. [Ik̍stIkʃn]n.灭绝→extinct
adj.灭绝的,绝种的;熄灭的vt.使熄灭
3. [sə̍luːʃn]n.解决办法→solve
vt.解决;解答
4. [I̩lek̍trIsəti]n.电→electrical
adj.有关电的;电气科学的→electrician
n.电工;电气技师
5. [̍bæləns]n.平衡 →balanced
adj.平衡的
6. [fɜːm]adj.坚实的;稳固的→
firmlyadv.坚定地;坚信地
7. [faʊn̍deIʃn]n.基础;地基→
foundvt.创立,建立 →foundern.创立
者,创办者,创建者
8. [In̍vɒlv]vt.参与;包含 →inG
volvedadj.有 关 的;卷 入 的 →involveG
mentn.参与;牵连
Ⅲ.短语双向记
1. 尽自己所能做某事
2. 懒得做某事
3. 全世界
4. 因而遭受痛苦
5. 有影响,使不同
6. 采取行动
7.setup
8.inadditionto
9.becommittedto
10.forinstance
11.saytooneself
12.berootedin...
Ⅳ.经典句式记
1.reason作先行词的定语从句
Thesecondsectionexplains
(造成不同种类的污染的原因).
2.which引导非限制性定语从句
Wealknowthattherearevarioustypes
ofpolutionaroundus,
(这会造成各种各样的环境问题).
13
3.感叹句
(多么漂亮
的花园啊)!
4.leave+宾语+宾语补足语
Wel,sayyou
(让水一直流)whileyoubrushyourteeth.
5.动词不定式作目的状语
(为了激励年
轻人行动起来保护环境),animalsand
theircommunity,Roots&ShootswasesG
tablished.
No.2 基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Theshowwasheldtoencouragestudents
to (回收,再利用)theirrubbish
andprotecttheenvironment.
2.Idonthavetocatchpublic
(交通)toschool,whichreducestherisk
ofinfection.
3.Sincethe1940s,southernCaliforniahas
hadareputationfor (雾霾).
4.ShegaveahairGraisingaccountofheresG
capethroughthe (沙漠).
5.What (费心)memostishowI
cangetsomuchmoneyfortheproject.
6.The (海洋)wavesareslowly
eatingawaythecoastalrocks.
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1.TheteacheraskedmetothinkofabetG
ter (solve)totheproblem.
2.Somesharkspeciesarenowindangerof
(extinct)duetoseriouspolG
lutionoftheocean.
3.Thefundprovides moneytocleanup
chemicalypoluted (indusG
try)sites.
4.Withtheaveragetemperaturegoingup
bymorethan15degrees,thereissolid
evidenceof (globe)warming.
5.Polutioncanhavedisastrouseffectson
thedelicately (balance)ecoG
system.
6.Itwasonelookattheoldphoto,andI
(transport)backto
childhood.
7.Theirinventionshavecontributedtothe
developmentof (electricity)
engineering.
8.Thepencilsaremadefrom (reG
cycle)paper.Whenyousharpenthem,they
turnintocolorfulpapershavings(碎屑).
9.Weare (firm)opposedtohelpG
ingtheyoungmanaddictedtoalcohol.
10.The (found)ofthecompaG
nymarksanexcitingtimeininformation
technology.
Ⅲ.用所给短语的正确形式填空
doonespartforsth.;cantbebotheredto
dosth.;alaroundtheworld;sufferfrom;
makeadifference;takeaction;setup;in
additionto
1.IknowIshouldnoteatouttoooften,but
Ijust
cookformyself.
2.Everyoneshould our
countrytobecomebetter.
3. ,thesearrangeG
ments,extraambulanceswilbeonduty
untilmidnight.
4.Wecantjustsithereanddonothing.
Wehaveto !
5.Shehas avoluntaryorganizaG
tionprovidinghelpfortheelderly.
6.̀Onlyifweknowwhatwedoinourdaily
lifecanwe .
7.Touristscomefrom
toseeNiagaraFals.
8.Wedonthesitatetogiveourlivesfor
ourcountry,letalone
hardships.
23
Ⅳ.根据提示补全句子
1.男孩们正在操场上玩耍.多么温暖的场
景啊! (感叹句)
Theboysareplayingontheplayground.
!
2.他们绘画作品中存在的东西常常让我陷
入沉思.(leave+宾语+宾语补足语)
Whatexistsintheirpaintingworksoften
.
3.我的意见与我的班长相反,这引起了我
们之间的激烈讨论.(which引导定语从
句)
Myopinionwasoppositetomymonitors,
.
4.我去那里的唯一理由就是想看看我的老
朋友.(reason作先行词的定语从句)
Iwantedtomeetmyoldfriends.
5.为了谋生,他不得不日夜劳作.(动词不
定式作目的状语)
,hehadtoworkday
andnight.
Ⅴ.基础语法练(动词Ging形式和动词Ged形式)
同义句转换
1.Thesunshinesbrightlyinthesky,and
givesuslightandheat.
→Thesunshinesbrightlyinthesky,
.
2.Whenpeopleaskedthe man whatthe
tripmeanttohim,hesaiditwas“anexG
perienceofalifetime”.
→ whatthetrip meantto
him,themansaiditwas“anexperience
ofalifetime”.
3.Afterhehadworkedfortwodays,Steve
managedtofinishhisreportonschedule.
→ ,
Stevemanagedtofinishhisreporton
schedule.
4.Thewitnesswhowasquestionedbythe
policejustnowgaveverydifferentdeG
scriptionsofthefight.
→Thewitness
gaveverydifferentdescriptionsof
thefight.
5.IfyoucompareQuebecCitywithother
citiesin Canada,itseems morelikea
charmingEuropeanvilage.
→ othercitiesinCanada,
QuebecCityseemsmorelikeacharmingEuG
ropeanvilage.
No.3 素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.完形填空
Oneevening,CatherinewasathomeasusuG
al.Asher 1 swungbetweenwhatshewasgoG
ingtodowithherlifeandherdinnerplansforthe
evening,shewasunexpectedly 2 byanurgent
calfromhersister“Getoverhere! TurnonNBC
andchecktheseguysout.Theyarejustlike
you.”OneFacebookmessageandaphoneinterG
viewlater,Catherine 3 herselfonabuswith
8strangersinthemiddleoftheswelteringdesert
ofUtah,pickinguptrashand 4 awarenessof
zeroGwasteandclimatechange.
Withadeep 5 oftheenvironmentanda
desiretomakea 6 ,Catherine,Davey,anda
1.A.memory B.balance
C.thoughts D.position
2.A.blamed B.interrupted
C.moved D.frightened
3.A.rejected B.cheered
C.found D.taught
4.A.abandoning B.shaking
C.raising D.ilustrating
5.A.pride B.trust
C.tension D.love
6.A.difference B.promise
C.mistake D.plan
33
groupofself 7 “environmentalpickGupartG
ists”wentonacoasttocoastroadsidetrashpickG
up.Astheywalkedsometimesonly 8 09miG
lesonanentiredaythey 9 andsteadilymade
their way acrossthe United Statesforthree
years,pickingupatotalof201,678poundsof
trash.
CatherineandDavey 10 wonderfulstoG
riesofhopeandinspirationwithusthatfueled
theirefortstocontinuetheirjourney.Afterspending
weekssilently 11 howshewouldhaveenough
moneytofly homefor hertwoGweek spring
break,Catherinefoundablank,unidentifiedenG
velope 12 with$850cashinthedesert,just
enoughtogetherhomeandback.Aftertheirbus
13 outsideofDenver,theyunexpectedlygot
14 andarrivedin Yosemite NationalPark
threeweekslater,justintimeforthe“Yosemite
Facelift”wherevolunteersfromaloverthestate
cametogetherwitha 15 ofcleaninguptrash
aloverthepark.Together,theirteamlearnedto
simplydevotethemselvestotheirtask,andsurrenG
dertothejourney.
7.A.corrected B.described
C.repeated D.discovered
8.A.driving B.fixing
C.riding D.covering
9.A.slowly B.secretly
C.helplessly D.frequently
10.A.heard B.shared
C.wrote D.read
11.A.worryingaboutB.replyingto
C.dependingonD.meetingwith
12.A.equipped B.supplied
C.decorated D.filed
13.A.setoff B.brokedown
C.headedfor D.heldon
14.A.rest B.practice
C.understanding D.help
15.A.purpose B.question
C.decision D.lesson
Ⅱ.应用文写作
假定你是校学生会主席李华,为了更
好地保护环境,你代表学生会向全校学生
(包括英国交换生)用英语写一份“NoBotG
tledWaterCampaign”倡议信.
内容包括:
1.问题;
2.原因;
3.措施.
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.开 头 和 结 尾 已 给 出,不 计 入 总
词数.
提示词:campaign活动
Dearfriends,
StudentUnion
ChinesePainting(国画)
Chinesepaintingcanbetracedback
topaintingson Neolithicpotterysixor
seventhousandyearsago.Sincesimilar
toolsandlineswereusedfortheearliest
paintingand writing,paintingissaidto
havethesameoriginascaligraphy(书
法).Thus,ChinesepaintingsusualyinG
tegratepoetryorcaligraphywiththemes
thatincludefigures(人 物),landscapes,
flowers,birdsandotheranimals.
43
13.B [根据上文“Herbodymaybeincomplete,buther
spiritis 13 .”可知,此处表示她的精神是完整
的.故选B项.]
14.C [根据上文“Sheisfulofbeliefinherownabilities”
以及下文“foranyonetryingtoclimboveror 15
theirowndifficulties.”可知,她是任何希望跨越或者消
除障碍的人的榜样.故选 C项.]
15.D [根据下文“theirowndifficulties”可知,此处表示消
除他们自己的障碍.故选 D项.]
Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了北
京胡同的发展历史、建造作用以及当前的状况等.
1.Surrounding [考查非谓语动词.分析该句结构可知,
many前面的部分为状语,surround在句中作非谓语;且
主语 many代指“胡同”,和动词surround之间是逻辑上
的主谓关系,应用动词Ging形式.故填Surrounding.]
2.dynasties [考查名词的单复数.根据该句中的“Yuan,
MingandQing”可知,该处指三个朝代,dynasty为可数
名词,该处用复数形式.故填dynasties.]
3.The [考查定冠词.根据该句中的“ofthecityBeijing”
可知,该 处 特 指 “北 京 城 的 中 心”,应 用 定 冠 词. 故
填 The.]
4.closed [考查词性转换.根据句子结构和空后的名词
“China”可知,空处修饰该名词,表示“闭关自守的”,应用
形容词.故填closed.]
5.their [考查代词.根 据 空 后 的 名 词 短 语“formerneat
arrangement”可知,空处修饰该名词短语,应用形容词性
物主代词.故填their.]
6.wereimproved [考 查 动 词 的 时 态、语 态 和 主 谓 一 致.
该句主语为“hutongconditions”,和动词improve之间是
被动关系,故用被动语态;根据该句中的时间状语可知,
该句介绍 过 去 发 生 的 事 情,故 用 一 般 过 去 时.主 语 为
hutongconditions,谓语动词用复数形式.故填 wereimG
proved.]
7.down [考 查 介 词.pul down 为 固 定 搭 配,意 为 “拆
毁”.故填down.]
8.both [考查固定搭配.both...and...为固定搭配,意
为“两者都”.故填both.]
9.third [考查数词.该处指“在北京市区的胡同中的房
子占整个地区的三分之一”,分母用序数词,故填third.]
10.havesurvived [考查动词的时态和主谓一致.根据该
句中的“stiloccupy”可知,该空表示过去的动作一直持
续到现在,故用现在完成时.主语为hutongs,谓语动词
用have.故填havesurvived.]
假期作业7
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.IthinkwatchingTVtoomuchisbadforpeopleshealth.
2.Idontknowwhichschoolheisin.
3.ShedoesntknowwhofirstdiscoveredAmericanContiG
nent.
4.Couldyoutel mewherethenearestpostofficeis?
5.DoyouknowwhenheisleavingforHongKong?
Ⅱ.一、1.ocean 2.smog 3.desert 4.industrial
5.transport 6.recycle 7.bother 8.firm
二、1.global 2.extinction 3.solution 4.electricity
5.balance 6.firm 7.foundation 8.involve
Ⅲ.1.doonespartforsth. 2.cantbebotheredtodo
sth. 3.alaroundtheworld 4.sufferfrom 5.makea
difference 6.takeaction 7.成立;设立;搭建
8.除了之外(还) 9.致力于;献身于 10.例如 11.
自忖,自言自语 12.植根于
Ⅳ.1.thereasonsthatcausedifferenttypesofpolution
2.whichmaycausedifferentkindsofenvironmentalprobG
lems 3.Whatabeautifulgarden 4.leavethetaprunning
5.ToinspireyoungpeopletotakeactionfortheenvironG
ment
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.recycle 2.transport 3.smog 4.desert
5.bothers 6.ocean
Ⅱ.1.solution 2.extinction 3.industrial 4.global
5.balanced 6.wastransported 7.electrical 8.recycled
9.firmly 10.foundation
Ⅲ.1.cantbebotheredto 2.dohispartfor 3.InaddiG
tionto 4.takeaction 5.setup 6.makeadifference
7.alaroundtheworld 8.sufferfrom
Ⅳ.1.Whatawarmsceneitis 2.leavesmelostinthought
3.whichledtoheateddiscussionbetweenus 4.TheonG
lyreasonwhyIwenttherewasthat 5.Tomakealiving
Ⅴ.1.givinguslightandheat 2.Whenasked 3.Having
workedfortwodays 4.questionedbythepolicejustnow
5.Comparedwith
素养提升———感与知
Ⅰ.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要讲述了为
了保护环境,一群自称“环保拾荒艺术家”的人沿着海岸公
路边捡垃圾的故事.
1.C [根据句意,是她的“思绪”在她的生活和晚餐计划之
间摇摆不定,故选 C.]
2.B [根据前一句,她的思绪正在她的生活和晚餐计划之
间摇摆不定,姐姐的电话“打断”了她的思绪,故选B.]
3.C [句意:一条Facebook信息和一次电话采访之后,凯
瑟琳发现自己和8个陌生人坐在一辆公交车上,置身于
犹他州酷热的沙漠之中.凯瑟琳在 NBC上看到了自己
和八个陌生人的身影,故选 C.]
4.C [凯瑟琳及同行人在沙漠中捡垃圾的行为,是为了提
高人们的环保意识.raiseawareness意为“提高意识”.
故选 C.]
5.D [这里强调凯瑟琳等人的行为动机,表示“对环境深
深的爱”,故选 D.]
6.A [makeadifference“有影响,有关系”,此处表示“想
要有所作为的愿望”.故选 A.]
7.B [他们把自己描述为“环保拾荒艺术家”,故选B.]
8.D [此题表示“走了09英里路”,故选 D.]
9.A [有时他们一整天就走了09英里路,所以比较缓
慢.故选 A.]
10.B [凯瑟琳和戴维将自己经历过的故事告知我们,属
于“分享”,故选B.]
11.A [根据下文“$850cashinthedesert,justenoughto
getherhomeandback”可知凯瑟琳钱不充足,所以应该
选“担忧”,故选 A.]
56
12.D [句意:她在沙漠里发现了一个空白的、身份不明的
信封,里面装着850美元现金.故选 D.]
13.B [这里表示“他们的车坏掉了”.故选B.]
14.D [当他们的车抛锚时,有人给他们提供了“帮助”,故
选 D.]
15.A [这里表示“怀着清扫公园里所有垃圾的目的,他们
聚到了一起”,withapurposeof意为“带着目的”,
故选 A.]
Ⅱ.[参考范文]
Dearfriends,
Wearewritingthislettertoraiseyourawarenessof
theneedtoourplanet.YoucanhelpsimplybyparticiG
patingintheNoBottledWaterCampaign.
ScientificresearchshowsthatmilionsoftonsofplasG
ticareusedworldwidetomakewaterbottleseachyear.
Theplasticcantakehundredsofyearstobreakdown.So
wewouldliketosuggestyoutakingthefolowingsteps.
1.Carryyourwaterinareusablebottle.Inthisway,
youdontneedtobuybottledwater.
2.Ifyouhavetobuyaplasticbottledbeverage,recycle
thebottleafteruse.
3.Askyourfamilymembersandfriendstotakepartin
thiscampaign.
Everyoneisresponsibleformakingourplanetcleaner
andbetterbydoingwhatwecan.Letsstartnow.
StudentUnion
假期作业8
基础知识———写与背
Ⅰ.1.Thequestioniswhetherheisabletodoitalone.
2.Thatiswhyhedidntpasstheexam.
3.XiaoLiisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.
4.Whathewantstoknowiswhichdresssheshouldbuy.
5.Whatistroublingusiswhenwecangettoknowthedetails.
Ⅱ.一、1.poster 2.occur 3.slim 4.overcome 5.forG
mer 6.current 7.ordinary 8.therefore 9.destination
10.attitude
二、1.organiser 2.proposal 3.survival 4.determination
5.disappear 6.official 7.container 8.majority
9.annualy 10.polutant
Ⅲ.1.comeupwith 2.takepart(in) 3.cutbackon
4.tosumup 5.prevent...from... 6.bereferredtoas
7.因为 8.关闭 9.导致 10.变得受的欢迎
11.作为而出名 12.因为 13.为负责任
Ⅳ.1.untilaterribleeventoccurred 2.makehersons
dreamcometrue 3.sothatsomeoneelsecouldthentakeit
anduseitfromthere 4.moreandmorecities 5.Asthe
diagramshows
基础技能———练与悟
Ⅰ.1.slim 2.overcame 3.Therefore 4.occurred
5.ordinary 6.current 7.attitudes 8.destination
Ⅱ.1.survival 2.proposal 3.officialy 4.majority
5.indication 6.annualy 7.polutant 8.flooding
9.container 10.disappearance
Ⅲ.1.cameupwith 2.Thanksto 3.takeresponsibility
for 4.Tosumup 5.takepartin 6.contributeto
7.turnoff 8.cutbackon 9.prevent from 10.asareG
sultof
Ⅳ.1.makesmedoexercise 2.continuedtorununtil
3.isgettingcoolerandcooler 4.sothatyoucanmakeful
preparationsforit 5.Asisknowntousal/Aswealknow
Ⅴ.1.n.功能;v.起作用,运转 2.v.预订;n.书 3.v.学
习;n.书房 4.n.散步;v.走 5.v.放慢 6.n.中断
7.n.必要 8.v.梦想 9.v.进球 10.v.导致
素养提升———感与知
A.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要讲述了一
位八岁的男孩 SimonCane为环保做出的实际行动———和
爸爸一起跑步去上学.
1.D [细节理解题.根据第一段“WhenSimonCanewas
inthesecondgrade...P.S.81,intheBronx.”以及“So
Simonconvincedhisparentstostart...andother‘green’
measures.”可知,当SimonCane上二年级的时候,他开
始学习人类对环境的所有影响,把那些课堂上所学的内
容铭记于心,并且采取“绿色”措施保护环境,这使得他
跟他的同学不同.故选 D项.]
2.A [推理判断题.根据第二段“AsSimongotbigger...
So,mostofthetimetheydrovethe15milestoschool.”以
及第三段“Butin2019,whenSimonwasgoingintothird
grade,the8GyearGoldcameupwithanewwaytohelpthe
planet:runningthe15milestoP.S.81.”可推知,二年级
时 SimonCane主要是坐车去上学.故选 A项.]
3.C [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 第 四 段 “‘Tobehonest,I
thoughthedblink(眨眼)afteritgotrealycoldorrainy,
butheneverdid,’Jonathansaid.”可知,SimonCane比预
料的要坚强.故选 C项.]
4.B [标题归纳题.阅读全文,尤其是根据第一段“When
SimonCanewasinthesecondgrade...andrealytook
thoseclassroomlessonstoheart”以 及 最 后 一 段 “Since
thestart...Theysoonbecameknownas‘thefamilythat
runstoschool.’”可知,本文主要讲述八岁的男孩 Simon
Cane很重视环保,并且为环保做出的实际行动———和爸
爸一起跑步去上学.故选B项.]
B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章主要介绍了由
于世界各地的这些政府禁令,塑料垃圾正在消失,但仍有
许多工作要做或未做.文章也介绍了世界塑料垃圾的数
量和处理塑料垃圾面临的问题等.
5.D [细节理解题.根据第二段中“Slowlybutsurely,the
worldisenteringabrighterfutureasmoreandmorecounG
triesfolow.Buttheresstilalotofworktobedone—or
undone.”可知,解决塑料垃圾问题有很长的路要走.故
选 D.]
6.B [细节理解题.根据第三段中“Sincethe1950s...in
theenvironment.”可知,自20世纪50年代以来,约83亿
×60%≈50亿吨塑料垃圾被排放到环境中.故选B.]
7.D [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 倒 数 第 二 段 中 “Whilerecent
studiesof...thebestwaytodealwithourenvironmental
stressisthroughdecrease.”可推知,减少塑料垃圾仍然
是处理塑料最好的方法.故选 D.]
8.A [词义猜测题.根据最后一段中“In2020,NewYork
Citybegantoban...tointroducethisidea.”以及画线词上
文“Backin2002,Bangladeshbecamethefirstcountryto”和
后文“aplasticbagban”可知,2020年,纽约市开始禁止塑
料袋.但这并不是美国第一个禁止使用塑料袋的州.事
实上,美国甚至不是第一个引入这种想法的国家,因为早
在2002年,孟加拉国就成为第一个实施塑料袋禁令的国
家.故画线词意思是“实施”.故选 A.]
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