内容正文:
假期必刷16 主题语境———自然灾害与防范
●名词
1.disaster 灾难;灾害
2.tornado 龙卷风;旋风
3.tsunami 海啸
4.magnitude (地)震级;重大
5.volcano 火山
6.typhoon 台风
7.hurricane (尤指西大西洋的)飓风
8.emergency 突发事件;紧急情况
9.death 死;死亡
10.revival 振兴;复苏
●动词
1.destroy 摧毁;毁灭
2.evacuate 疏散;撤出;撤离
3.cause 导致;引起
4.trap 使落入险境;使陷入圈套
5.bury 埋葬;安葬
6.rescue 营救;救援
7.suffer 遭受;蒙受
8.affect 影响
9.strike 侵袭
10.explode 爆炸
●形容词
1.extreme 极端的;严重的
2.brave 勇敢的
3.unaware 无意识的
4.destructive 破坏性的
5.homeless 无家可归的
6.live 活着的
7.occasional 偶然的
8.dangerous 危险的
9.severe 极为严重的
10.frequent 频繁的
1.protect...from...
保护免受的侵害
2.doharmto 对造成损害
3.inruins 严重受损
4.cometoonesrescue 来救某人
5.sufferfrom 遭受
6.inadvance 预先;事先
7.putout 扑灭
8.indanger(of) 处于危险之中
9.escapefrom 逃离
10.loseoneslife 失去生命
11.befloodedwith 被淹没
12.returntonormal 恢复正常
13.causegreatdamage 造成巨大的损害
14.inadvance 提前;预先
15.begreatlyaffected 深受影响
一、单词拼写(根据汉语提示写出单词)
1.Itisanareawherenatural (灾难)
oftenhappen.
2.Iwanttoknowthe (震 级)of
thisearthquake.
3.Ifyouknowfirstaidmethods,youcanbecalG
merandmorehelpfulincaseof (紧
急情况).
4.The (火山)erupted,raininghot
ashoverawidearea.
66
5.Mostoftheevidencewas (毁掉)
inthefire,thusmakingitalmostimpossible
toprovethemurdererguilty.
6.Theyagreedonhowto (撤离)the
civiliansfromtheisland.
7.Thesouthofthecountrywasworst
(影响)bythedrought.
8.Asnowstorm (侵袭)thenorthof
Xinjiang,causinggreatlossinproperty.
9.Peoplewereswimmingintheoceandespite
the (飓风)warning.
10.Apowerfuloffshorequakecouldcausea
large (海啸)thatwouldreachthe
shorewithinminutes.
二、词形转换(用所给单词的正确形式填空)
1.Weareconcernedatthehigh
(frequent)ofracialattacksinthedistrict.
2.Thecountrywas (severe)affected
bythetsunami.
3.Itwouldbe (danger)forhertogo
totheforestalone.
4.Shedneedalherstrengthand
(brave)tocopewithwhatlayinstore.
5.Cheatingalsohasa (destroy)imG
pactonteachers.
6.Heis a truthful person;thereforeI
(extreme)trusthim.
7.Manypeopleare (aware)ofjust
howmuchfoodanddrinktheyconsume.
8.Itisestimatedthatsmokingcauses100,000
premature (death)everyyear.
三、固定搭配(在空格处填上1个适当的单词)
1.Itdoesseriousharm childrens
characterthattoomuchviolenceisshown
ontelevision.
2.Thecitywas ruinsinconsequence
of/asaconsequenceofasevereearthG
quake.
3.Thecrewwereabletoput the
fireafteronly25acreshadgoneupin
smoke.
4.Manypeoplesuffer mentalilness
atsomepointintheirlives.
5.Totheirrelief,theirstudentsnarrowlyesG
caped theshakingbuilding.
6.Thepolicecame hisrescueand
puledhimoutoftheriver.
四、形变动词(用所给动词的正确形式填空)
1.Incontrasttoourignoranceofsavingfood,
manypeopleespecialythoseinpovertyG
strickenareasaresufferingfrom
(starve).
2.Theywereabletogetthispipethroughand
talktothe (trap)miners.
3.Withsomanyminers (bury)unG
derthemine,noneoftherescueworkers
wouldstoptohavearest.
4.Imhappytosaythereseemstobea
(revive)andgrowinginterestinkiteG
making.
5.Womenwhoeatplentyoffreshvegetables
arefarlesslikely (suffer)anxiety
ordepression.
6.Twobombsexplodedinthecentreofthat
cityandthe (explode)caused
sevendeaths.
76
1.IlearnedthataterribleearthquakehapG
penedinyourcity.Iamrealyconcerned
aboutyouandyourfamily.
我得知你们城市发生了一场可怕的地震.
我真的很担心你和你的家人.
2.Imsosorrytohearaboutthedisaster,
whichcausedsixdeathsandleftmorethan
500personsinjured,29personsmissingand
over200housesfalingdown.
得知这场灾难我感到很难过,它造成6人死亡,
500多人受伤,29人失踪,200多所房屋倒塌.
3.TheChinesepeoplearedonatingmoneyand
materialstofighttheearthquake.
全国人民正在为抗震救灾捐款、捐物.
4.Everyeffortwilbemadetosavelivesif
thereistheslightesthope.
如果有一线希望,就要千方百计挽救生命.
5.Theemergencyworkerscontinuedtosearch
theruinedbuildingsforvictimsandsucceeG
dedinsavingsomesurvivors.
救援队员们继续在倒塌的楼房中搜寻遇难
者,成功地救出了几名幸存者.
6.Wemusttakeeffectivemeasurestohelpthe
vilagerstorebuildtheirhomes.
我们必须采取有效的措施来帮助村民们重
建家园.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A90magnitudeearthquakeofftheInG
donesiancoastsentawalofwaterracingtoG
wardThailand,MalaysiaandSriLanka.Lang
wasontheislandofKoPhiPhi,justsouthof
Phuket,Thailand,shoppingon MainStreet
withherfriendRubinaWong,whensuddenly
everythingchanged.“Peoplestartedrunning
inland.From wherewewere,wecouldnot
seethebeachsowehadnoideawhatwasgoG
ingon,”shesaid.
LangandRubinastartedrunninginland
inthesamedirectionaseveryoneelse,when
shenoticedwaterfloodingintotheisland,but
sostrongandfastthatshecouldnolongerlift
herfeettorun.Rubinahadgonedownaside
street.Langneversawheraliveagain.
LangwasstuckunderwaterbetweendebG
ris(碎 片)withthesurfacejustaboveher
face.“ThemoreIstruggled(挣扎),thetighG
terIwasstuck.Icouldnotreachthesurface.
IthoughtIcamehereonmyvacationtodie,
andthenIgotrealyannoyed,”shesaid.“I
musthaveblackedoutbecausethenextthing
Irememberiswakingupunderwater.”
Thewater wasstil andblack.Lang
lookedupandcouldseethatatthetop,there
wasasmalcircleoflight.ShestartedswimG
mingthroughthewaterandmadeittothe
surfaceofthewater.Shepuledherselfontoa
floatingdoorandcouldseethatthewholeisG
landwasfloodedandalotofbuildingswere
gone.Shecouldseeahousenotfarawayand
amanonitsroof.Sheencouragedherselfto
climboverthefloatingobjectstothebalcony
(阳台)ofthehouse.Fromthereshesawthe
waterstarttoslowlygobacktotheocean.
1.WhatwasLangdoingwhenthetsunami
happened?
A.Shewasrunninginarace.
B.Shewasplayingonthebeach.
C.Shewasshoppinginthestreet.
D.Shewaslookingforherfriend.
86
2.WhywasLangunabletorun?
A.Therewasawalintheway.
B.Shefearedshewouldgetlost.
C.Shehadtowaitforherfriend.
D.Theracingwaterwastoopowerful.
3.WhatcanwelearnaboutLangfromParaG
graph3?
A.Shedidntwanttostruggle.
B.Shewastrappedunderwater.
C.Shedidntregretgoingonvacation.
D.ShekeptawakealthetimeinthewaG
ter.
4.HowdidLangmanagetosaveherself?
A.Bycalingforhelp.
B.Byhidinginahouse.
C.Byclimbingupataltree.
D.Bymakinguseoffloatingobjects.
B
HurricaneHelenemayhavealreadyhit
thesoutheast,butitsdeadlyaftermathcould
lastadecadeormore.
Tropicalcyclones,whichincludehurriG
caneslikeHeleneandotherwhirlingstorms,
boostlocaldeathratesforupto15yearsafter
whipping(肆虐)alongU.S.coastlines,scienG
tistsreportedonOctober2inNature.Each
stormmayindirectlycausebetween7,000and
11,000deaths,estimateUniversityofCaliforG
nia,BerkeleyenvironmentaleconomistRachel
Youngand Stanford University economist
SolomonHsiang.
ThatsaMountEverestofanestimatecomG
paredto24—theoficialnumberoftheaverage
deathsreleasedbytheNationaloceanicandAtG
mosphericAdministration.Theresultssuggest
that“hurricanesandtropicalstormsareamuch
greaterpublichealthconcernthananyonepreviG
ouslythought,”Youngsays.
Using astatistical model,young and
Hsianganalyzedtheimpactofal501tropical
cyclonesthathitthecontiguousunitedstates
from1930to2015.Theymeasuredchangesin
mortality(死亡数量)forupto20yearsafter
eachofthesestorms.Theiranalysissuggests
thatanindividualhurricane mayindirectly
leadtothousandsofliveslost.AndtakentoG
gether,thestormscouldhavecausedasmany
as5percentofaldeathsoverthattimeperiG
od.
Youngand Hsiangdontknowalthe
wayshurricanesmayresultinmortality,but
theyhavesomeideas.Itspossiblethestress
ofasurvivingsuchastorm,orthepolution
leftinthewakeofdestruction,harmspeoples
healthormaybelocalgovernmentshaveless
moneytospendonhealthcareafterrebuilding
damagedinfrastructure(基础设施).“Itcould
besomecombinationoftheseandotherfacG
tors,”Youngsay.Shesinterestedindigging
intowhatsgoingon.
In the meantime,Young thinks her
teamsworkhighlightstheneedfornewdisG
asterresponsepolices—onesaimedatdealing
withthelongGtermimpactofhurricanes.“We
realypultogetherafterthesedisastersto
helppeopleimmediatelyintheaftermath,”
shesays.“Butweneedtobethinkingabout
thesefolkslongafterthoseinitialresponses
areover.”
5.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“aMount
Everest”inParagraph3probablymean?
A.Hardlynoticeable.
B.Amazinglyhigh.
C.Definitelyimpressive.
D.Stilacceptable.
96
6.Whichofthefolowingisunlikelytocause
anincreaseinmortalityaccordingtoYoung
andHsiang?
A.Directdeathscausedbyhurricanes.
B.Reducedspendingonhealthcare.
C.Psychologicalstressafterahurricane.
D.Environmentalpolutionleftbehind.
7.WhatdoesYoungsteamcalforinthelast
paragraph?
A.Countingthelosscausedbyhurricanes.
B.Immediatedisasterresponsepolicies.
C.InitialresponsesforthedisastersufferG
ers.
D.Disasterresponsepoliciesconsidering
longGtermeffect.
8.Whatsthemainideaofthetext?
A.Thewayshurricanesmaycontributeto
mortality.
B.Hurricaneshavealastinginfluenceon
mortalityrates.
C.TheofficialanalysisofhurricanesisinG
accurate.
D.Hurricanesshouldgetagreaterpublic
healthconcern.
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
Foroutdoorlovers,itisimportanttobe
preparedforanykindofnaturaldisastersin
theopenair.ThatmeanshavingadisasterreG
sponseplan. 1 Anditalsoshouldinclude
whatresourcesshouldbetakenonyourtrip.
Differenttypesofdisastersarelikelyto
occurindifferentareas.Desertareasaremore
likelytobeaffectedbydroughts;coastalreG
gionsaremorelikelytoseehurricanes;avaG
lanchesmayoccurin mountainousareasin
winterandlandslidesinsummer. 2 This
canhelpyoufindtherightsurvivalwaysin
differentconditions.
3 Anydisasterthatmayseparateyou
fromotherpeopleforaperiodoftimewilreG
quireyoutoprovideyourownfood,water,
andshelterforatleastafewdays.Itsalsoa
goodideatobringlightsources.Fordisasters
thatmaywetyourequipment,flamelesslight
sourcesareamust.Whatyoubringshouldbe
suitedtothedisasteryoumightface.
Onceyoucompleteyoursurvivalplan,
itsbettertoreviewitperiodicaly.Whena
naturaldisasterstrikes,youprobablywont
havetimetogooveradocumentorgoonline
toseekadvice. 4
Ifanaturaldisasterstrikeswhileyouare
inthewild,youshouldputyoursurvivalplan
intoeffectimmediately.Firstofal,staycalm,
actdecisively,and begin workingto keep
yourselfalive. 5 Donotwaitaroundtosee
ifthedisasterisrealythatserious,donot
panic,anddonoteasilyabandonyourplan.
A.Thencontactothersforhelp.
B.Itincludesthetypesofdisastersthatmay
occur.
C.Therefore,alwaysdosomeresearchahead
oftime.
D.So,revisingitfrequentlyisstronglyrecomG
mended.
E.Butyoucanturntosomeexpertsforhelp
inperson.
F.ThesedisasterscanleadtoextremelyseriG
ousconsequences.
G.Whileplanning,themostimportantthing
toconsideriswhattopack.
07
建造的.A.emperor皇帝;B.designer设计师;C.painter
画家;D.soldier士兵.根据常识以及前文“theForbidden
Citywasbuiltfrom1406to1420bythethird...”可知,
故宫是明朝第三位皇帝建造的.]
9.D [考查动词词义辨析.句意:皇帝们在那里出生、生
活、斗 争 和 死 亡.A.studied学 习;B.worked工 作;C.
gathered聚 集;D.died死.根 据 前 文“Emperorswere
born,lived,fought”可知,皇帝们在那里出生、生活、斗争
和死亡.]
10.A [考查副词词义辨析.句意:它见证了明清两代的兴
衰,以及封建帝制在中国是如何最终走向终结的.A.fiG
naly最终;B.quickly快速地;C.gradualy逐 渐 地;D.
suddenly突然地.根据前文“Itsawtheupsanddowns
oftheMingandQingDynasties”和后文“cametoanend
inChina”可知,封建帝制在兴衰更替中最终走向终结.]
11.A [考查动词词义辨析.句意:皇室成员的生活被许多
文献记 录 下 来.A.recorded记 录;B.passed通 过;C.
connected连 接;D.copied复 制.根 据 后 文 “through
manydocuments”可知,皇室成员的生活被许多文献记
录下来.]
12.D [考查动词词义辨析.句意:它们为今天的历史研究
提供了大量的宝贵资料,也为文学和娱乐提供了灵感.
A.grasp抓住;B.ignore忽视;C.write写;D.provide提
供.根据前文“manydocuments”和后文“alargeamount
ofvaluablematerialfortodayshistorical”可知,文献为
今天的历史研究提供了大量的宝贵资料.]
13.B [考查名词词义辨析.句意:它们为今天的历史研究
提供了大量的宝贵资料,也为文学和娱乐提供了灵感.
A.background背景;B.research研究;C.exam考试;D.
survey调查.根据前文“Thelivesoftheroyalfamilies
were 11 throughmanydocuments.”可推知,对皇室
成员的 生 活 记 录 能 为 今 天 的 历 史 研 究 提 供 了 宝 贵
资料.]
14.C [考查动词词义辨析.句意:1987年,故宫被列入世
界文化 遗 产 名 录.A.treated对 待;B.remembered记
得;C.listed把列入名单;D.honored尊敬.根据后
文“astheWorldCulturalHeritage”可知,故宫被列入世
界文化遗产名录.]
15.C [考查名词词义辨析.句意:对于来中国访问的国家
元首来说,这是一个必看的旅游景点.A.palace宫殿;
B.scenery风景;C.attraction旅游景点;D.place地方.
根据前文“FortheheadsofstatewhocometovisitChiG
na”和后文“WhentheypayastatevisittoChina,ourtop
leadermayshowthemaroundthere.”可知,对来中国访
问的国家元首来说,故宫是一个必看的旅游景点.]
Ⅲ.[语篇解读] 这是一篇说明文.文章讲述了莫高窟文
物数字图像采集工作的进程、历史重要性以及采集来的数
字图像的用途.
1.torecord [考查不定式.句意:一群来自国内外的研究
人员和科学家正在共同努力,记录和收集莫高窟文物的
数字图像,以促进对中国古代文化遗产的欣赏.空格处
单词表达科学家们一起努力工作的目的,所以使用不定
式作目的状语.故填torecord.]
2.appreciation [考查名词.句意:一群来自国内外的研究
人员和科学家正在共同努力,记录和收集莫高窟文物的
数字图 像,以 促 进 对 中 国 古 代 文 化 遗 产 的 欣 赏.动 词
promote后应用名词appreciation作宾语.故填appreciaG
tion.]
3.havebeenproduced [考查现在完成时的被动语态.句
意:自从1994年这个国际项目开始以来,已经拍摄了近
50万张高质量的数码照片.由since可知,这句话应使用
现在完成时.主语digitalphotographs与produce之间是
被动关系,所以应使用被动语态.且主语是复数形式,故
填havebeenproduced.]
4.a [考查冠词.句意:莫高窟作为中国古代丝绸之路上
的重要一站,长期以来一直是不同文化的交汇点.泛指
“一站”,用不定冠词修饰,且key首字母的发音为辅音音
素.故填a.]
5.when [考查定语从句.句意:这些洞穴与人们沿着丝绸
之路旅行时一样具有国际性.先行词为thetime,在定语
从句中作时间状语,关系副词为when.故填when.]
6.wider [考查形容词比较级.句意:通过在网上分享这些
数字影像,这个小组的成员希望提高世界各地的人们对
中国历史、文化、传统更广泛的兴趣.空格位于名词前,应用
形容词形式.even修饰形容词的比较级,故填wider.]
7.protecting [考查动名词.句意:他们还希望进一步教育
人们关于保护历史文化遗产的重要性,以便后代理解和
欣赏.介词of后接动名词作宾语.故填protecting.]
8.on [考查介词.句意:正如一位参与该项目的研究人员
所解释的那样,“欣赏自己的文化遗产对于了解自己非常
重要.”workon“从事于”符合句意.故填on.]
9.is [考查主谓一致.句意同上.陈述事实,为一般现在
时.动名词做主语,谓语用单数,be动词用is.故填is.]
10.countries [考查名词.句意:欣赏其他国家的文化遗产
对国际交流和理解非常重要.country为可数名词,且
有other修饰,表示不止一个,用复数形式.故填counG
tries.]
写作专项突破三
Ⅰ.[参考范文]
Anexhibitionofpaintingsisongoinginourschool
gym,whosethemeisancientarchitecture.Heldfrom10 00
amto5 00pmeveryday,thisactivitywillastforoneweek
untilMay10th.TherearevarietiesofpaintingsintheexhiG
bition,includingfamousChineseandforeignarchitecture.
Despitethe bad weather,manyteachersandstudents
showedgreatinterestinthosepaintingsandsaidthepaintG
ingsbroadenedtheirhorizonsandincreasedtheirknowledge
greatly.
Thereisnodoubtthattheexhibitionrealybenefitsus.
Ihighlyrecommendyoutopayavisittotheexhibition.
Ⅱ.[参考范文]
Mydadtappedmegentlyontheshoulder,andwe
wentinside.Sittingbacktoourmeal,Dad,smilingly,upG
datedmeonrecenteventsinhisworkwithoutameremenG
tionofthecrazydoughwildlydancingoutside,whichserved
wonderfulyasagentleembarrassmentreliever.However,
whiledoingthedishesafterdinner,Dadsaidtomewith
firmnessinhisvoice,“Youdonthavetobeanexperton
makingbread,butyoudohavetodoyourresearchbefore
takingaction.Thereisnosuchthingasaneasywayout.”
Andthatwasthestartingpointofmyjourneyofmakingthe
perfectbread.
Atapartythreemonthslater,everyonewantedtotry
mybread.Therestofthenightslippedaway,filedwith
inquiriesaboutmysecretrecipe.Yet,hardlywastherea
differentanswerotherthan“Beautycomesfrombalanceand
patience.”Tobefrank,thatwasexactlywhatIdlearnt
duringmynumerousexperiments.Anamazingloafofbread
requiredsuitablebalanceofingredientsaswelasenormous
patienceofwaitingforthedoughtorise.Countlessasmy
failurestomaketastybreadwere,everysinglemomentof
them wascherished.Alongthejourney,Ivedeveloped
fromthemanwhosedoughsighedinadustbintotheman
whosebreadmadeyourtastebudsdance.
假期必刷16
主题词汇练清
一、1.disasters 2.magnitude 3.emergency
4.volcano 5.destroyed 6.evacuate 7.affected
8.struck 9.hurricane 10.tsunami
二、1.frequency 2.severely 3.dangerous 4.bravery
5.destructive 6.extremely 7.unaware 8.deaths
三、1.to 2.in 3.out 4.from 5.from 6.to
四、1.starvation 2.trapped 3.buried
4.revival 5.tosuffer 6.explosion
主题文本集训
Ⅰ.A.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇记叙文.文章主要介绍了
主人公Lang在海啸中逃生的经历.
1.C [细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 一 段“LangwasontheisG
land...whensuddenlyeverythingchanged.”可知,海啸发
生时,Lang正和朋友在逛街购物.]
2.D [细节理解题.根据第二段“shenoticedwaterfloodG
ingintotheisland,butsostrongandfastthatshecould
nolongerliftherfeettorun”可知,涌向岛上的水流很急、
水力很大,Lang根本跑不动.]
711
3.B [推 理 判 断 题.根 据 第 三 段“Langwasstuck...I
couldnotreachthesurface.”可知,Lang被困在了水里,
无法动弹.]
4.D [细节理解题.根据最后一段“Shepuledherselfonto
afloatingdoor...objectstothebalcony(阳 台)ofthe
house.”可知,Lang利用水中的漂流物支撑着自己,最终
她爬到不远处一座房子的阳台上,脱离了危险.]
B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.主要讲的是科学家研
究发现,热带气旋(包括飓风等)在美国海岸线肆虐后,会导
致当地死亡率在接下来的多年里持续上升,且其影响远大
于之前人们的认知.
5.B [词义猜测题.根据第二段中“EachstormmayindiG
rectlycausebetween7,000and11,000deaths(每一场风
暴可能间接造成7000到11000人死亡)”以及第三段
“comparedto24—theofficialnumberoftheaverage
deaths(和官方公布的平均死亡人数24对比)”可知,飓风
带来的实际死亡人数为7000到11000人,与官方发布的
数据24人相差巨大,因此“aMountEverest”的意思是
“令人惊讶地高”.]
6.A [细 节 理 解 题.根 据 第 四 段 中“TheiranalysissugG
geststhatanindividualhurricanemayindirectlyleadto
thousandsofliveslost.(他们的分析表明,单个飓风可能
间接导致数千人丧生.)”以及第五段中“Itspossiblethe
stressofasurvivingsuchastorm,orthepolutionleftin
thewakeofdestruction,harmspeopleshealthormaybe
localgovernmentshavelessmoneytospendonhealth
careafterrebuildingdamagedinfrastructure(基础设施).
(可能是在这样一场风暴中幸存下来的压力,或者是破坏
后留下的污染,损害了人们的健康,或者是地方政府在重
建受损的基础设施后,用于医疗保健的资金减少了.)”可
知,Young和 Hsiang认为灾后死亡数量升高的原因不包
括直接死亡人数.]
7.D [细节理解题.根据最后一段中“Inthemeantime,
Youngthinksherteamsworkhighlightstheneedfor
newdisasterresponsepolices—onesaimedatdealingwith
thelongGtermimpactofhurricanes.(与此同时,Young认
为她的 团 队 的 工 作 强 调 了 新 的 灾 难 应 对 政 策 的 必 要
性———旨在应对飓风的长期影响.)”可知,Young的团队
呼吁政府出台应对飓风长久影响的政策措施.]
8.B [主旨大意题.根据第一段中“HurricaneHelenemay
havealreadyhitthesoutheast,butitsdeadlyaftermath
couldlastadecadeormore.(飓风‘海伦’可能已经袭击了
东南部,但 其 致 命 的 后 果 可 能 会 持 续 十 年 或 更 长 时
间.)”,第二段中“Tropicalcyclones,whichincludehurriG
caneslikeHeleneandotherwhirlingstorms,boostlocal
deathratesforupto15yearsafterwhipping(肆虐)along
U.S.coastlines(热带气旋,包括像海伦(Helene)这样的
飓风和其他旋转的风暴,在美国海岸线肆虐之后,会使当
地死亡率在长达15年的时间里持续上升)”以及第四段
中“Theiranalysissuggeststhatanindividualhurricane
mayindirectlyleadtothousandsofliveslost.(他们的分
析表明,单个飓风可能间接导致数千人丧生.)”可知,本
文主要讲的是科学家研究发现,热带气旋(包括飓风等)
在美国海岸线肆虐后,会导致当地死亡率在接下来的多
年里持续上升,且其影响远大于之前人们的认知,因此主
旨是B选项“HurricaneshavealastinginfluenceonmorG
talityrates.(飓风对死亡率有持久的影响.)”.]
Ⅱ.[语篇解读] 这是一篇说明文.文章就在自然灾害到
来之前制定生存计划提出一些建议.
1.B [根据上文“Thatmeanshavingadisasterresponse
plan.(这意味着要有一个灾难应对计划.)”和下文“And
italsoshouldincludewhatresourcesshouldbetakenon
yourtrip.(它还应该包括你在旅行中应该带什么资源.)”
可知,空处承上启下,说明灾难应对计划的具体内容.故
B选项“它包括可能发生的灾害类型”符合语境.]
2.C [根据上文“Desertareasaremorelikelytobeafectedby
droughts;coastalregionsaremorelikelytoseehurricanes;avG
alanchesmayoccurinmountainousareasinwinterandlandG
slidesinsummer.(沙漠地区更容易受到干旱的影响;沿海地
区更容易出现飓风;山区冬季可能发生雪崩,夏季可能发生
滑坡.)”可知,不同地区会发生不同的灾害,因此一定要提前
做一些研究.后文中“This”代词指代C内容,故C选项“因
此,一定要提前做一些研究”符合语境.]
3.G [根据下文“Anydisasterthatmayseparateyoufrom
otherpeopleforaperiodoftimewilrequireyoutoproG
videyourownfood,water,andshelterforatleastafew
days.Itsalsoagoodideatobringlightsources.FordisG
astersthat may wetyourequipment,flamelesslight
sourcesareamust.Whatyoubringshouldbesuitedto
thedisasteryoumightface.(任何可能让你和其他人分开
一段时间的灾难都需要你自己提供至少几天的食物、水
和住所.带光源也是个好主意.对于可能弄湿设备的灾
难,无焰光源是必须的.你带来的东西应该适合你可能
面临的灾难.)”可知,本段主要讨论在规划时,最重要的
是要考虑打包什么.故G选项“在做计划时,最重要的是
要考虑打包什么”符合语境.]
4.D [根据上文“Onceyoucompleteyoursurvivalplan,its
bettertoreviewitperiodicaly.Whenanaturaldisaster
strikes,youprobablywonthavetimetogooveradocuG
mentorgoonlinetoseekadvice.(一旦你完成了生存计
划,最好定期回顾一下.当自然灾害来袭时,你可能没有
时间浏览文件或上网寻求建议.)”可知,空处和上文形成
因果关系,因为完成生存计划以后可能没有时间浏览文
件或寻求建议,空处引出结果措施.故D选项“因此,强
烈建议经常修改它”符合语境.]
5.A [根据上文“Firstofal,staycalm,actdecisively,and
beginworkingtokeepyourselfalive.(首先,保持冷静,果
断行动,开始努力让自己活下去.)”可知,上文提到首先
保持冷静,果断行动,开始努力让自己活下去,空处承接
上文,说明接下来该怎么办.故A选项“然后联系其他人
寻求帮助”符合语境.]
假期必刷17
主题词汇练清
一、1.opportunity 2.profile 3.salary 4.position
5.certificate 6.interview 7.alowance 8.qualificaG
tion 9.dismiss 10.application
二、1.occupation 2.qualified 3.assistant
4.Applicants 5.employee 6.skiled 7.creativity
8.retirement
三、1.out 2.in 3.for 4.up 5.for 6.in
四、1.appointment 2.belonging 3.educated 4.employG
ment 5.achievement 6.recommendation
主题文本集训
A.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章介绍了一个将职
业与课程联系在一起的新型实验室———FabLab.文章旨
在引导学生了解不同职业,将所学课程与未来职业联系到
一起.
1.B [推理判断题.根据第一段可知,年仅11岁的Juliet
可以自己制造无人机,并且能够熟练操纵,而且她很早就
对自己未来的职业有规划:成为一名机械工程师.由此
可推知,此处提到Juliet的无人机是为了赞扬她要当工程
师的雄心壮志.]
2.D [细节理解题.根据第三段第一、二句可知,Fab实验
室是该学校将职业规划纳入学校课程的一种方式,能帮
助学生亲身体验他们将来可能会选择的职业中的各种工
具.由此可知,该实验室的主要任务是将职业规划融入
学生的日常学习中.]
3.C [推理判断题.根据最后一段中Tobie所说的话可知,在
他看来,职业规划与探索能培养年轻人的能力,而我们则需
要帮助学生即年轻人尽早地做出职业决策.由此可推知,他
可能会同意职业准备应尽早开始这一观点.]
4.A [主旨大意题.通读全文可知,本文通过介绍学校建
立的一个新型实验室FabLab———以此帮助学生了解职
业信息,能够将所学课程和职业联系到一起,故A项可以
概括本文主旨.]
B.[语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文.文章讲述了技术的发
展对就业的影响.
5.C [细节理解题.根据文章第二段“Thestudyusesnew
methodstoexaminehowmanyjobshavebeenlostbecauseof
machineautomation(自动化),andhowmanyjobshavebeen
createdthroughaugmentation(扩增),inwhichtechnologycreG
atesnewchancesandtasks.(这项研究使用了新的方法来研
究机器自动化导致了多少工作岗位的流失,以及技术创造了
多少新的机会和任务,从而创造了多少工作岗位.)”可知,奥
托的研究重点是新技术对就业的影响.]
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