Unit 1 Period 1 Reading and Thinking（导学案）英语人教版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit1 Science and Scientists Period1 Reading and Thinking（导学案）解析版 【学习目标】 1. 理解并准确运用 “subscribe to”“investigate” 等与科学研究、霍乱相关的词汇短语，以及 “It was believed that...” 等句式。 2. 掌握预测、略读、扫读、猜词等阅读策略，能自主运用策略阅读科学主题文章，拓展知识储备。 3. 理解科学研究在不同文化背景下的普世价值，认识科学作为人类共同财富的意义，增强跨文化交际意识。 4. 分析课文结构与段落逻辑，通过思维导图等形式梳理文章逻辑关系，培养逻辑思维能力。 【学习重难点】 教学重点 语言维度：学生需掌握科学研究和霍乱相关词汇、短语、句式及复杂句子结构，以理解和表达相关内容。 阅读与文化维度：掌握阅读技巧获取信息并分析文本结构，同时理解科学研究的重要性和普遍意义，提升科学文化认知。 教学难点 语言深度运用：精准辨析易混词汇，剖析长难句并处理科学术语的理解与翻译。 思维拓展提升：批判性思考课文中的科学研究方法和结论，克服思维局限实现客观分析，构建对科学研究的正确认识。 【预习清单】 I. 根据括号内所给单词的词性及英文释义，写出该单词的正确形式。 1. This is a school for children with ________ learning difficulties. (adj. very serious) 2. If anyone needs ________ of Professor Qiao's genius as an inventor, this invention is it. (n. a fact or piece of information which shows that something exists or is true) 3. We made ________ copies of the report. (adj. very many of the same type, or of different types) 4. A growing number of ________ have at least one computer. (n. all the people who live together in one house) 5. We would resist any armed ________ from outside in our country's affairs. (n. the act of intervening in a situation) 6. Oil is an important ________ material which can be processed into many different products, including plastics. (adj. not processed) 7. We had trouble finding a(n) ________ water supply. (adj. clean and not containing anything harmful) 8. According to official ________ the disease killed over 500 people. (n. a collection of information shown in numbers) 9. Abnormalities in the cells can be seen quite clearly under a(n) ________. (n. a scientific instrument that makes extremely small things look larger) II. 用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. infect ①All the tomato plants are ________ with a virus. ②Exactly which germs cause the ________ is still unknown. 2. handle ①She turned the ________ and slowly opened the door. ②Most customers were satisfied with the way their complaints were ________. 3. link ① The study provides further evidence ________ smoking with early death. ② There's a direct ________ between diet and heart disease. III. 每空填一词，使每组句子的意思相同或相近。 1. Let's settle this matter completely and finally. Let's settle this matter ________ ________ ________ ________. 2. We all agree with the decision adopted at the meeting. We all ________ ________ the decision adopted at the meeting. 3. Who was responsible for the accident? Who ________ ________ ________ ________ the accident? 4. It was all a great success — because of a lot of hard work. It was all a great success — ________ ________ a lot of hard work. 【答案】 I. 1. severe 2. proof 3. multiple 4. households 5. intervention 6. raw 7. pure 8. statistics 9. microscope II. 1. ①infected ②infection 2. ①handle ②handled 3. ①linking ②link III. 1. once and for all 2. subscribe to 3. was to blame for 4. thanks to 【学习过程】 学习理解 读中-主旨阅读 ①Skim the passage to choose the main idea of the passage. A. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. B. The cause of Cholera was polluted water. C. The source of all drinking water should be examined. D. How John Snow collected, analysed data and found the cause of the disease and defeated it. 【答案】 D ② Read the passage to learn the structure and match the main idea with each paragraph. Paragraph 1_____: A. Evidence & solution Paragraph 2_____: B. Mapping method & discovery Paragraph 3_____: C. Influence on epidemiology Paragraph 4_____: D. Contradictory theories & investigation Paragraph 5_____: E. Cholera background & Snow’s goal 【答案】 1.E 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.C 读中-细节理解 1. Read the passage again and complete the chart below. A. It was believed that cholera was caused by bad ____ or germs in ____. B. Snow ____ the places where the people who ____ had lived. C. Many deaths occurred near the ____ in Broad Street. Some people drank the water from the pump, and lived. A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after ____. D. The pump water carried ____. E. The ____ of the pump was removed. 【答案】 A. air, food or water B. marked on a map, died C. water pump, hadn’t, drinking, water from the pump D. cholera germs E. handle 2. Read the passage to fill in the research process table. Stage Key Actions Evidence/Result Problem Raising Data Collection Evidence Analysis Conclusion 【答案】 Stage Key Actions Evidence/Result Problem Raising Observed cholera outbreak in London Noted high death rate in Broad Street Data Collection Mapped the deaths Found most deaths near Broad Street pump Evidence Analysis Investigated water source Discovered polluted water from the pump Conclusion Removed the pump handle Cholera cases decreased 应用实践 读后-思维提升 Share your understanding of the scientific research process in the passage. Problem Raising → Data Collection → Evidence Analysis → Conclusion. 【答案】 Follow the research steps and prepare a short oral presentation to share with the class. 读后-课堂练习 Fill in the blanks with the correct words or phrases. “Cholera used to be one of the most feared 1.________ in the world. John Snow, a British doctor, wanted to 2.________ it once and for all. At that time, there were two 3.________ theories about how cholera spread. Snow 4.________ the second theory that cholera was caused by germs in food or water. When an outbreak hit London in 1854, he began to 5.________. He marked on a map the places where the dead had lived and found that many deaths occurred near a water 6.________. He suspected the water was to blame. Finally, he had the handle of the pump 7.________, and the disease was stopped. Snow’s work has had a great 8.________ on the way scientists study diseases.” 【答案】 1.diseases; 2.destroy; 3.contradictory; 4.subscribed to; 5.investigate; 6.pump; 7.removed; 8.influence 总结-语言点 1. This illness causes severe diarrhea, dehydration, and even death. severe adj. extremely bad or serious极为恶劣的; 十分严重的 punishing sb. in an extreme way when they break a particular set of rules 严厉的; 重的 not kind or sympathetic and showing disapproval of sb./sth. 严厉的; 苛刻的 e.g. His injuries are severe. severe weather conditions The courts are becoming more severe on young offenders. She was a severe woman who seldom smiled. 【归纳】 be severe on/with 对……严厉 be severe with oneself 严于律己 【拓展】 severely adv. 很严重地; 极为恶劣地 2. In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. contradictory adj. containing or showing a contradiction 互相矛盾的；互相对立的 be contradictory to… 与……矛盾、相反 e.g. His remark was contradictory to the truth. 他的叙述与事实矛盾。 【拓展】 contradict v. 反驳; 与……相矛盾 contradiction n. 抵触; 矛盾; 矛盾的说法 3. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. 本句中that bad air caused the disease是that引导的表语从句, that在从句中不作成分, 没有意义, 只起连接作用。 e.g. My dream was that I could have a three-bedroom house in that city. 我曾经梦想能在那个城市有个三居室的房子。 【思考】 请找出课文中的表语从句。 4. Snow subscribed to the second theory. subscribe v. to agree to buy or pay for shares 认购(股份) to pay an amount of money regularly in order to receive or use sth. 定期订购 to pay money regularly to be a member of an organization or to help its work 定期缴纳(会费) ; 定期捐款赞助 e.g. Each employee may subscribe for up to￡2,000 worth of shares. You can subscribe to the magazine for as little as $32 a year. She subscribes to an environmental action group. 【拓展】 subscribe to 同意, 赞成 e.g. I have never subscribed to the view that schooldays are the happiest days of your life. subscriber  n. 订阅人；定期捐款者；消费者 subscription  n. 订阅；订阅费；定期捐款 5. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. 1) suspect v. to have an idea that sth. is probably true or likely to happen, especially sth. bad, but without having definite proof疑有, 觉得(尤指坏事可能属实或发生) to have an idea that sb. is guilty of sth., without having definite proof 怀疑(某人有罪) to be suspicious about sth.; to not trust sth. 怀疑; 感觉有问题; 不信任 【常用搭配】 suspect sth. suspect sb. of doing sth. suspect sb. to do sth. suspect + that从句 e.g. I have no reason to suspect her honesty. Pilcher is suspected of giving false information. Who will suspect him to have broken the window? I began to suspect that they were trying to get rid of me. 2) blame v. to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad 责备; 指责; 把……归咎于 n. responsibility for doing sth. badly or wrongly; saying that sb. is responsible for sth. 责任; 责备; 指责 【归纳】 blame … for … 因……责备…… blame ... on ... 把……归咎于…… be to blame (for sth.) 对某事负有责任 6. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. have sth. done 结构 so…that 引导结果状语从句 It seemed that … “看来……”, that引导表语从句 to touch, hold or move sth. with your hands 触, 拿, 搬动 to control a vehicle, an animal, a tool, etc 控制, 操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) e.g. She's very good at handling her patients. The label on the box said: ‘Fragile. Handle with care.’ I wasn't sure if I could handle such a powerful car. 【拓展】 get / have a handle on 弄懂，理解，搞明白 e.g. It’s difficult to get / have a handle on how widespread this problem is. 8. We now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. thanks to: with the help of; because of 幸亏，由于 e.g. Thanks to your help, we succeeded. It was all a great success — thanks to a lot of hard work. 辨析thanks to, owing to, due to, because of 词条 用法 常作成分 thanks to “多亏”，多放在句首，用来表达正面意思 (接近于原意 “感谢”)，偶用于讽刺口吻。 作状语 owing to “由于、因为”，可置于句首或句末。 常作状语、表语 due to 表示原因，可与owing to 互换 常作表语、状语或定语 because of 着重某个结果的原因 常作状语 自我评价 Learning Objectives Score(1-5) 1.After learning, I am able to know and understand the formation and development of virtual choir. 　 2.After learning, I am able to master reading strategies, such as scanning, skimming, detailed reading, etc. 　 3.After learning, I am able to understand the significance of the virtual choir. 　 5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2不太能；1-完全不能 迁移创新 作业内容 本节课作业二选一，为分层作业，难度有所区别。基础一般的同学可以选择作业一，基础较好的同学可以选择作业二。 作业一: 假设你是一名记者，要写一篇关于约翰・斯诺战胜霍乱的简讯。请根据课文内容，用至少 5 个文中的单词或短语，写一篇 80 词左右的简讯。 作业二: 约翰・斯诺的科学研究方法对现代科学研究有很大的影响。请你写一篇短文，分析他的研究方法的特点和意义，以及对你的学习和生活有什么启示。字数要求 120 词左右。 【参考范文】 作业一参考答案： Cholera Conquered: John Snow's Scientific Breakthrough In 1854, London was struck by a cholera outbreak. Dr. John Snow, suspecting contaminated water, mapped the deaths near Broad Street’s pump and found a link to the water source. He removed the pump handle, halting the disease. Further investigation showed polluted Thames water from certain companies caused infections. Snow’s use of statistics and maps pioneered modern epidemiology, proving science can defeat deadly diseases. 作业二参考答案： The Impact of John Snow’s Research Methods John Snow’s approach to defeating cholera revolutionized modern science. His key methods—systematic mapping of cases, analyzing exceptions (e.g., pub workers who didn’t drink pump water), and testing hypotheses by removing the pump handle—highlighted the power of empirical evidence. Unlike contemporary doctors relying on theories, Snow prioritized field investigation, linking cholera to waterborne germs. This teaches us that learning and problem-solving require: 1) observing details critically; 2) testing ideas with evidence; 3) persisting despite challenges. In daily life, whether solving a study problem or forming good habits, Snow’s logic—connecting causes to effects and taking practical action—remains invaluable. His work proves that scientific thinking transcends labs, guiding us to tackle issues systematically. ( 3 / 8 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit1 Science and Scientists Period1 Reading and Thinking（导学案）原卷版 【学习目标】 1. 理解并准确运用 “subscribe to”“investigate” 等与科学研究、霍乱相关的词汇短语，以及 “It was believed that...” 等句式。 2. 掌握预测、略读、扫读、猜词等阅读策略，能自主运用策略阅读科学主题文章，拓展知识储备。 3. 理解科学研究在不同文化背景下的普世价值，认识科学作为人类共同财富的意义，增强跨文化交际意识。 4. 分析课文结构与段落逻辑，通过思维导图等形式梳理文章逻辑关系，培养逻辑思维能力。 【学习重难点】 教学重点 语言维度：学生需掌握科学研究和霍乱相关词汇、短语、句式及复杂句子结构，以理解和表达相关内容。 阅读与文化维度：掌握阅读技巧获取信息并分析文本结构，同时理解科学研究的重要性和普遍意义，提升科学文化认知。 教学难点 语言深度运用：精准辨析易混词汇，剖析长难句并处理科学术语的理解与翻译。 思维拓展提升：批判性思考课文中的科学研究方法和结论，克服思维局限实现客观分析，构建对科学研究的正确认识。 【预习清单】 I. 根据括号内所给单词的词性及英文释义，写出该单词的正确形式。 1. This is a school for children with ________ learning difficulties. (adj. very serious) 2. If anyone needs ________ of Professor Qiao's genius as an inventor, this invention is it. (n. a fact or piece of information which shows that something exists or is true) 3. We made ________ copies of the report. (adj. very many of the same type, or of different types) 4. A growing number of ________ have at least one computer. (n. all the people who live together in one house) 5. We would resist any armed ________ from outside in our country's affairs. (n. the act of intervening in a situation) 6. Oil is an important ________ material which can be processed into many different products, including plastics. (adj. not processed) 7. We had trouble finding a(n) ________ water supply. (adj. clean and not containing anything harmful) 8. According to official ________ the disease killed over 500 people. (n. a collection of information shown in numbers) 9. Abnormalities in the cells can be seen quite clearly under a(n) ________. (n. a scientific instrument that makes extremely small things look larger) II. 用所给单词的正确形式填空。 1. infect ①All the tomato plants are ________ with a virus. ②Exactly which germs cause the ________ is still unknown. 2. handle ①She turned the ________ and slowly opened the door. ②Most customers were satisfied with the way their complaints were ________. 3. link ① The study provides further evidence ________ smoking with early death. ② There's a direct ________ between diet and heart disease. III. 每空填一词，使每组句子的意思相同或相近。 1. Let's settle this matter completely and finally. Let's settle this matter ________ ________ ________ ________. 2. We all agree with the decision adopted at the meeting. We all ________ ________ the decision adopted at the meeting. 3. Who was responsible for the accident? Who ________ ________ ________ ________ the accident? 4. It was all a great success — because of a lot of hard work. It was all a great success — ________ ________ a lot of hard work. 【学习过程】 学习理解 读中-主旨阅读 ①Skim the passage to choose the main idea of the passage. A. John Snow was a well-known doctor in London. B. The cause of Cholera was polluted water. C. The source of all drinking water should be examined. D. How John Snow collected, analysed data and found the cause of the disease and defeated it. ② Read the passage to learn the structure and match the main idea with each paragraph. Paragraph 1_____: A. Evidence & solution Paragraph 2_____: B. Mapping method & discovery Paragraph 3_____: C. Influence on epidemiology Paragraph 4_____: D. Contradictory theories & investigation Paragraph 5_____: E. Cholera background & Snow’s goal 读中-细节理解 1. Read the passage again and complete the chart below. A. It was believed that cholera was caused by bad ____ or germs in ____. B. Snow ____ the places where the people who ____ had lived. C. Many deaths occurred near the ____ in Broad Street. Some people drank the water from the pump, and lived. A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after ____. D. The pump water carried ____. E. The ____ of the pump was removed. 2. Read the passage to fill in the research process table. Stage Key Actions Evidence/Result Problem Raising Data Collection Evidence Analysis Conclusion 应用实践 读后-思维提升 Share your understanding of the scientific research process in the passage. Problem Raising → Data Collection → Evidence Analysis → Conclusion. 读后-课堂练习 Fill in the blanks with the correct words or phrases. “Cholera used to be one of the most feared 1.________ in the world. John Snow, a British doctor, wanted to 2.________ it once and for all. At that time, there were two 3.________ theories about how cholera spread. Snow 4.________ the second theory that cholera was caused by germs in food or water. When an outbreak hit London in 1854, he began to 5.________. He marked on a map the places where the dead had lived and found that many deaths occurred near a water 6.________. He suspected the water was to blame. Finally, he had the handle of the pump 7.________, and the disease was stopped. Snow’s work has had a great 8.________ on the way scientists study diseases.” 总结-语言点 1. This illness causes severe diarrhea, dehydration, and even death. severe adj. extremely bad or serious极为恶劣的; 十分严重的 punishing sb. in an extreme way when they break a particular set of rules 严厉的; 重的 not kind or sympathetic and showing disapproval of sb./sth. 严厉的; 苛刻的 e.g. His injuries are severe. severe weather conditions The courts are becoming more severe on young offenders. She was a severe woman who seldom smiled. 【归纳】 be severe on/with 对……严厉 be severe with oneself 严于律己 【拓展】 severely adv. 很严重地; 极为恶劣地 2. In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. contradictory adj. containing or showing a contradiction 互相矛盾的；互相对立的 be contradictory to… 与……矛盾、相反 e.g. His remark was contradictory to the truth. 他的叙述与事实矛盾。 【拓展】 contradict v. 反驳; 与……相矛盾 contradiction n. 抵触; 矛盾; 矛盾的说法 3. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. 本句中that bad air caused the disease是that引导的表语从句, that在从句中不作成分, 没有意义, 只起连接作用。 e.g. My dream was that I could have a three-bedroom house in that city. 我曾经梦想能在那个城市有个三居室的房子。 【思考】 请找出课文中的表语从句。 4. Snow subscribed to the second theory. subscribe v. to agree to buy or pay for shares 认购(股份) to pay an amount of money regularly in order to receive or use sth. 定期订购 to pay money regularly to be a member of an organization or to help its work 定期缴纳(会费) ; 定期捐款赞助 e.g. Each employee may subscribe for up to￡2,000 worth of shares. You can subscribe to the magazine for as little as $32 a year. She subscribes to an environmental action group. 【拓展】 subscribe to 同意, 赞成 e.g. I have never subscribed to the view that schooldays are the happiest days of your life. subscriber  n. 订阅人；定期捐款者；消费者 subscription  n. 订阅；订阅费；定期捐款 5. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame. 1) suspect v. to have an idea that sth. is probably true or likely to happen, especially sth. bad, but without having definite proof疑有, 觉得(尤指坏事可能属实或发生) to have an idea that sb. is guilty of sth., without having definite proof 怀疑(某人有罪) to be suspicious about sth.; to not trust sth. 怀疑; 感觉有问题; 不信任 【常用搭配】 suspect sth. suspect sb. of doing sth. suspect sb. to do sth. suspect + that从句 e.g. I have no reason to suspect her honesty. Pilcher is suspected of giving false information. Who will suspect him to have broken the window? I began to suspect that they were trying to get rid of me. 2) blame v. to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad 责备; 指责; 把……归咎于 n. responsibility for doing sth. badly or wrongly; saying that sb. is responsible for sth. 责任; 责备; 指责 【归纳】 blame … for … 因……责备…… blame ... on ... 把……归咎于…… be to blame (for sth.) 对某事负有责任 6. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. have sth. done 结构 so…that 引导结果状语从句 It seemed that … “看来……”, that引导表语从句 to touch, hold or move sth. with your hands 触, 拿, 搬动 to control a vehicle, an animal, a tool, etc 控制, 操纵(车辆、动物、工具等) e.g. She's very good at handling her patients. The label on the box said: ‘Fragile. Handle with care.’ I wasn't sure if I could handle such a powerful car. 【拓展】 get / have a handle on 弄懂，理解，搞明白 e.g. It’s difficult to get / have a handle on how widespread this problem is. 8. We now know how to prevent cholera, thanks to the work of John Snow. thanks to: with the help of; because of 幸亏，由于 e.g. Thanks to your help, we succeeded. It was all a great success — thanks to a lot of hard work. 辨析thanks to, owing to, due to, because of 词条 用法 常作成分 thanks to “多亏”，多放在句首，用来表达正面意思 (接近于原意 “感谢”)，偶用于讽刺口吻。 作状语 owing to “由于、因为”，可置于句首或句末。 常作状语、表语 due to 表示原因，可与owing to 互换 常作表语、状语或定语 because of 着重某个结果的原因 常作状语 自我评价 Learning Objectives Score(1-5) 1.After learning, I am able to know and understand the formation and development of virtual choir. 　 2.After learning, I am able to master reading strategies, such as scanning, skimming, detailed reading, etc. 　 3.After learning, I am able to understand the significance of the virtual choir. 　 5-完全能；4-基本能；3-不确定；2不太能；1-完全不能 迁移创新 作业内容 本节课作业二选一，为分层作业，难度有所区别。基础一般的同学可以选择作业一，基础较好的同学可以选择作业二。 作业一: 假设你是一名记者，要写一篇关于约翰・斯诺战胜霍乱的简讯。请根据课文内容，用至少 5 个文中的单词或短语，写一篇 80 词左右的简讯。 作业二: 约翰・斯诺的科学研究方法对现代科学研究有很大的影响。请你写一篇短文，分析他的研究方法的特点和意义，以及对你的学习和生活有什么启示。字数要求 120 词左右。 ( 1 / 7 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$