精品解析：聊城一中新校区2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语

新校区2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试 英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分,满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where are the speakers most probably? A. In a bookstore. B. In a bank. C. In a hotel. 2. What is the woman likely to do? A. Move out. B. Sell her house. C. Stay with the man. 3. How does the woman feel now? A. Nervous. B. Excited. C. Tired. 4. What happened to the man? A. He couldn't stop the car. B. He was driving carelessly. C. He was stopped by a policeman. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An exhibition. B. A writer. C. A cartoon. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman's room number if it is in America? A. 401. B. 501. C. 601. 7. What kind of view does the woman's room have? A. A view of the garden. B. A view of the city. C. A view of the sea. 听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man come to the woman? A. To ask for leave. B. To make an apology. C. To report work progress. 9 Who will replace the man? A. Nobody. B. Richard. C. Sally. 10. How does the man feel about finishing his work on time? A. Doubtful. B. Hopeless. C. Confident. 听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。 11. What has been changed according to the announcement? A. The flight route. B. The flight number. C. The boarding gate. 12. Why is the departure delayed? A. The weather is bad. B. The plane is overbooked. C. The engine is being repaired. 13. When would the man depart from the airport originally? A. At 6:45 pm. B. At 9:45 pm. C. At midnight. 听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。 14. What is Robert? A. A doctor. B. A director. C. A retired manager. 15. What is the man's job? A. A sports club manager. B. A tennis instructor. C. A physical education teacher. 16. How would the woman describe herself? A. Easy-going. B. Agreeable. C. Unable to handle pressure. 17. What can be the relationship between the man and the woman? A. Teacher and student. B. Colleagues. C. Husband and wife. 听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。 18. Where does Yang Rui live? A. In the suburbs. B. In the city center. C. In a remote village. 19. What's Yang Rui's main purpose of renting a small vegetable garden? A. To reduce work stress. B. To have organic vegetables. C. To involve his kids in farming. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. A popular lifestyle. B. A low-carbon farm. C. A monitoring system. 第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分,满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A free two-hour guided walking tour is a great way to get the best out of the Smithsonian’s National Zoo in a limited amount of time. They do not require scheduling except for groups of more than 10 people. On the tour you’ll... •See some of the Zoo’s most interesting animals, including cheetahs (非洲猎豹), Asian elephants, Aldabra tortoises, lions and Andean bears, to name just a few. •Have a trained guide answer your questions. •Learn how the Zoo takes care of its animals. •Hear first-hand how the Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute is working to save species. Highlights tours are best suited for general Zoo audiences and are not designed for school groups. Guests wishing to take a tour should meet at the front desk in the Visitor Center lobby shortly before 9:45 a.m. To schedule a group tour for more than 10 people, please call 202-633-3061. All tours are wheelchair accessible and accommodate up to 10 people per group on weekdays and more on weekends. Access services for guided tours, including sign language interpretation, hearing assistance devices and tactile (触觉的) tours with verbal description, are available by request. Please call 202-633-3061 at least two weeks prior to your visit to request any additional accessibility services. Snore&Roar Sleepovers (通宵派对) Available from May through to September Fall asleep to the sounds of howling wolves or wake up to barking sea lions when you spend the night at the Zoo! It’s the best way to see the animals after hours and have the park all to yourself. Snore& Roar Sleepovers include games, activities, a walk through the Zoo and more. Separate family and adult-only options are available. 1. You can ______ when you tour the National Zoo. A. have close contact with Andean bears B. ask a professional guide questions C. gain knowledge about wild animals D. learn how to protect rare animals and plants 2. If you want to experience a Snore&Roar Sleepover, you should ______. A. call 202-633-3061 B. form a group of more than 10 people C. sign up for games and services D. choose a day from May to September 3. This passage is possibly from ______ A. research report. B. A tour introduction. C. book about animals. D. science magazine. B At 11:45 pm on March 19, Vinod Kapri, a former TV journalist and award-winning filmmaker, was returning home from a dinner. As he was driving along Golf Course Road in the northern Indian city of Noida, near New Delhi, he spotted a kid racing along in the dead of night. Kapri was alarmed at first—it was late and he was running so fast. So he slowed down and opened a window. The boy turned out to be 19-year-old Pradeep Mehra who had just finished his work at McDonald’s and was returning home. Once it was evident that nothing was wrong, Kapri offered to drop the teen home, but Mehra politely turned him down and, without missing a beat, kept on running. Surprised by his refusal. Kapri took out his cellphone and started filming their conversation because he could tell that there must be a story behind the midnight run. Mehra explained that he fell into the habit of running at midnight to keep fit so that he could achieve his dream of joining the army to serve his country. Kapri said the conversation left him deeply in awe of young Pradeep Mehra. When asked if his regular midnight run was ever disturbed by cars, Mehra said, “I haven’t had too much of a problem with cars. But people are a different story! My midnight running habit does make people curious. Many have stopped to ask me why I run at this time of night, while others have made fun of me. There’s a lot of sarcasm (讥讽) too—I am warned that running like this will only get me chased by dogs. No matter what others say, I just smile at them. I’ve always believed that hard work has its own rewards, and that one day, I will reach my goal and succeed.” Kapri came to help but instead left inspired. After asking permission to post the video, Kapri uploaded the recording, a little over 2 minutes, to his Twitter account. Kapri’s ending caption—“Run Pradeep run, to your brighter destiny”—touched many viewers. 4. Why did Kapri chat with Mehra at first? A. He was eager to give Mehra a ride back home. B. He had a desire to film the story behind Mehra. C. He thought the boy encountered some difficulties. D. He aimed to warn Mehra of the dangers of running fast. 5. What do we know about Mehra’s regular midnight run? A. It encouraged others to run with him. B. It frequently affected Mehra’s part-time job. C. It sometimes interrupted the steady flow of traffic. D. It received some unpleasant attention from passers-by. 6. Which of the following can best describe Mehra? A. Strict and honest. B. Brave and outgoing. C. Adventurous and innovative. D. Devoted and determined. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Nightly midnight run by an Indian teen B. The story about a chance encounter C. A special bond with a running boy D. The wide spread of a recording C Ann has been severely paralysed (瘫痪)for more than 18 years. She cannot speak and normally communicates. But now, she has been able to speak through an image on the computer using technology that translated her brain signals into speech and facial expressions. The advance raises hopes that the technology could be on the edge of transforming the lives of people who have lost the ability to speak due to conditions like strokes (中风). The latest technology uses tiny electrodes (电极) put on the top layer of the brain to detect electrical activity in the part of the brain that controls speech and face movements. These signals are translated directly into a digital avatar’s (化身) speech and facial expressions including smiling, frowning or surprise. The team put 253 paper-thin electrodes on the top layer of Ann’s brain over an area important to speech. Afterwards Ann worked with the team to train the system to detect her unique brain signals for various speech sounds by repeating different phrases repeatedly. The computer learned 39 distinctive sounds and a Chat GPT-style language system was used to translate the signals into understandable sentences. This was then used to control an avatar with a voice personalised to sound like Ann’s voice before the injury, based on a recording of her speaking at her wedding. The technology was not perfect, translating words incorrectly 28% of the time in a test run involving more than 500 phrases, and it generated brain-to-text at a rate of 78 words a minute, compared with the 110–150 words typically spoken in natural conversation. However, scientists said the latest advances in accuracy and speed suggest the technology is now at a point of being practically useful for patients. A crucial next step is to create a wireless form that could be put beneath the skull (颅骨). 8. How can Ann speak? A. By tiny electrodes on her brain. B Through an avatar using the latest technology. C. Through repeating different phrases repeatedly. D. By a technology that detects her brain signals. 9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. How the technology works. B. How the technology benefits the patients. C. How the technology translates the brain signal. D. How the technology is put into wide application. 10. Which is unnecessary to make the avatar sound like Ann? A. Ann’s cooperation. B. Ann’s facial expressions. C. An AI language system. D. A recording of Ann’s speaking. 11. What do we know about the technology according to the last paragraph? A. It is a promising way to help patients. B. Its translating speed is too slow. C. It cannot be applied to patients. D. It is not accurate in translating at all. D While Matt Damon relied on potatoes cultivated in biowaste to survive in the hit film The Martian, the researchers say it is a humble desert moss (苔藓) that might prove crucial to establishing life on Mars. Scientists in China say they have found Syntrichia caninervis — a moss found in the Antarctic and desert — is able to bear Mars-like conditions, including drought, high levels of radiation and extreme cold. The moss was able to regenerate under normal growth conditions after spending up to five years at -80℃ and up to 30 days at -196℃, and after exposure to gamma rays, with doses of around 5,000Gy even promoting new growth. The team then created a set-up that had similar pressure, temperatures, gases and UV radiation to Mars. It found the moss survived in this Mars-like environment, and was able to regenerate under normal growth conditions, even after seven days of exposure. “These experiments represent an important first step, but they do not show that the moss could be a significant source of oxygen under Martian conditions, nor do they show that the desert moss could reproduce in the Martian context,” McDaniel said. “Implying that moss, or any other pioneering species, is ready to terraform (将行星地球化) Mars, or any other outer planet, is an overstatement,” Zupanska added. Dr. Wiger of Wageningen University & Research, also raised concerns, including that temperatures on the red planet rarely got above freezing, making outdoor plant growth impossible, while the new study did not use Mars-like soil. “The mosses were treated under Mars circumstances for a maximum of several days and then regrown under Earth conditions on sand,” he said. “This, of course, doesn’t show at all they can grow under Mars conditions.” However, Prof. Edward Guinan of Villanova University in the US described the study as impressive. “This extreme-tolerant moss could promise to be a pioneer plant for Mars colonization,” he said, although he noted that the moss would need water to grow. “We have a lot of things to do,” he said. “But this lowly desert moss offers hope for making small portions of Mars habitable to humankind in the future.” 12. What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning the potatoes? A. The potatoes played a crucial role in the film. B. The moss led to survival of the potatoes on Mars. C. The moss may survive on Mars like these potatoes. D. The success of the film resulted from the plot about potatoes. 13. What can be implied from what McDaniel and Zupanska said? A. The moss has a long way to be a Martian plant. B. It is unlikely that the earth species can grow on Mars. C. The experiments on the moss were a complete success. D They will research into reproducing the moss in the Martian context. 14. Which one is right about the characteristic of the moss in the text? A. Resistant to water. B. Adaptable to Martian soil. C. Capable of producing oxygen on Mars. D. Regenerative under Earth conditions. 15. What does the underlined word “extreme-tolerant” in the sixth paragraph mean? A. Sensitive to extreme conditions. B. Unable to survive in harsh environments. C. Adaptable to extreme conditions. D. Dependent on mild environments. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分,满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Be Hopeful About the Future It can be tough to believe that good things are coming your way when your hopes and dreams haven’t yet been realized. However, staying hopeful about your future can help you remain positive, even when things don’t go as planned. Here are some strategies to help you stay hopeful. Have a positive attitude ____16____. “Positive energy leads positive experiences, and negative energy leads negative experiences,” says life coach Alionka Polanco. By keeping a positive attitude, you can attract great things, even if you’re unsure of what your future holds. Imagine what your future will look like You’re most likely to achieve something great if you can already imagine yourself in that situation. Every morning you can take a few minutes to intentionally daydream about what your life will look like in 10 years. ____17____. Once a week, try to imagine where you want your life to be by writing it down in a journal or talking about it with someone you care about. Connect with a life coach Sometimes it can be hard to determine what you want out of life when you might not be aware of where exactly you want your life to be in the next few years. A life coach can help guide you in the right direction. ____18____. Working with a coach can help you stay hopeful about your future. Remove any negative thought about the present Your future won’t look great if you’re negative about the present. ____19____. The quote “this too shall pass” comes to mind. Remove any shame about the present. Negative energy leads to negative experiences. ____20____. A. Life never really goes as planned B. Maintaining a positive mindset is important C. This practice can create excitement and inspiration D. How you handle current problems affects your future E. They can help you figure out what you truly want out of life F. They should take actions in the direction of their ideal vision G. Therefore, by removing negative thoughts, you open doors for change 第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I can remember the first time it happened. Class was getting out of hand. Our teacher, after quieting us six times as she tried to keep our ____21____ on the task at hand, finally gave up and informed we could take a rest. Instantly, the classroom erupted with students ____22____ their seats, laughing and talking. And then there was me. I sat ____23____ in my chair. I finished the activity and then worked on a project, completely content. I didn’t associate what I was doing with ____24____ behavior; I just had no desire to be loud and crazy. As parents started to arrive, our teacher . ____25____ the chattering children with a half-hearted smile. But when my mother ____26____,she commented, “Your daughter is such a nice girl in class. She’s a ____27____.” And there it was: my first “nice”. Whether or not I knew it, a ____28____ had been set for my future behavior, though my teacher probably didn’t mean it. As years passed, I became____29____ in the art of nice. But as much as I loved praise, I was too _____30_____ to dare be anything but nice. People rarely see the Real Me, because the Real Me is _____31_____.She doesn’t clean her room as often as she should. She’s _____32_____ at making decisions. Nice became a shelter I _____33_____my real feelings. “It’s like living a. _____34_____ life,” I thought. I am _____35_____ with being nice. I want to be the best of myself, not the nicest. 21. A. sight B. focus C. spirit D. preference 22. A. moving B. changing C. adjusting D. leaving 23. A. excitedly B. hopelessly C. quietly D. nervously 24. A. positive B. normal C. complex D. strange 25. A. picked out B. handed over C. showed off D. drove away 26. A. arrived B. demanded C. followed D. insisted 27. A. treasure B. legend C. star D. champion 28. A. plan B. style C. standard D. goal 29. A. poorly-adapted B. well-trained C. annoyed D. confused 30. A. active B. honest C. eager D. scared 31. A. shy B. perfect C. messy D. unique 32. A. terrible B. quick C. wise D. careful 33. A. managed B. shared C. expressed D. hid 34. A. simple B. comfortable C. double D. busy 35. A. familiar B. tired C. confident D. pleased 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s High-speed Railway The high-speed railway, ___36___ has developed rapidly in recent years, has become a famous name card of China and a legend all over the world. In ___37___ (compare) with the conventional one, it’s more convenient. China’s high-speed railway has achieved rapid development and brought us ___38___ (close) to our hometowns. The Shanghai-Kunming High-speed Railway, one of the most important railways of the 8 East-west & 8 North-south, opened to traffic in 2016. Since then, the distances between nearly 340 traditional villages and high-speed railway stations ___39___ (reduce) to less than one hour from more than three hours. With the operating speed of China’s high-speed railway ___40___ (become) faster and faster, people can save more travel time. The improving construction technology and research level of high-speed railways have also made it possible ___41___ (build) the Lanzhou-Urumqi High-speed Railway and the Harbin-Dalian High-speed Railway. China’s high-speed railway has ___42___ (apparent) gone global. In 2014, the An-Yi high-speed rail, the first high-speed railway built by Chinese companies overseas, was completed. The Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway, jointly built by China and Indonesia, can shorten travel time ___43___ the two cities from more than 3 hours to 40 minutes. China shares the experience gained in high-speed railway construction with the world. In 2022, the International Union of Railways published the world’s first international standards for high-speed railway construction ___44___(base) on China’s experience. China’s high-speed railways cross rivers and mountains, connect home and abroad, ____45____ see the changes over time. 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 由于废气、污水、白色垃圾等环境污染已危及到人类的健康与生存，为鼓励大家节能环保，你们学校将举办一次“低碳行动”的环保活动，请以学生会的名义向全校同学发起“低碳生活”的倡议，以下是倡议的内容： 1.尽量绿色出行：采取步行或自行车方式； 2.少喝一次瓶装水； 3.尽量不用一次性的（disposable）产品，如一次性木筷子和塑料袋； 4.每周少用电视和手机一天。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear friends, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One Saturday afternoon, I was watching TV in the living room with my grandpa when a blinding flash of lightning flashed across the sky, followed by a deafening sound, and the pictures on TV disappeared with that sound. Before I realized what had happened, a gray-white shadow rushed in through the open window and flew over my head. Bang! It hit the wall and slid off to the floor. Shaking with fear, I approached it cautiously and saw that it was a pigeon. It looked at me in fear, trying to open its wings and struggling its feet, but apparently powerless. So I called my grandpa and immediately set out to give it a helping hand. Taking it in my hands, I felt a few drops of warmth on my hands. It was blood! I gently spread its wings and there were a few red feathers inside. “Don’t worry. We’ll get it out alive,” Grandpa said to me. Then he got the first-aid kit. With some cotton, we dried the blood, cleaned the wound and then put it under a hairdryer to dry. All went smoothly, for the pigeon had no strength left to resist. There happened to be an empty birdcage at home, so I put it in gently and added a little water and some grains. For the next few days, the moment I got home from school, I would run to feed the pigeon. And Grandpa helped a lot, tidying up the cage daily. Little by little, its strength returned. One evening, I fed it with the biscuit I was eating. It enjoyed it! One week later, its wound almost healed (痊愈); its feathers grew and it became brave. Whenever I sat at the table eating biscuits, it looked up at me, cooing (咕咕地叫) constantly. To my joy, I could also reach into the cage to touch it. When I gently fingered its head, it playfully pecked (啄) at me. Finally it completely recovered. But every time I was with it, it seemed restless in the cage. To make it happy and pretty, I tied an orange string (线)around its leg. 注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右; 2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。 One day, however, when I returned home, Grandpa met me at the door, looking embarrassed. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sure enough, I saw a pigeon flying into the house the next afternoon! _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 新校区2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试 英语试题 第一部分 听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分,满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where are the speakers most probably? A. In a bookstore. B. In a bank. C. In a hotel. 2. What is the woman likely to do? A. Move out. B. Sell her house. C. Stay with the man. 3. How does the woman feel now? A. Nervous. B. Excited. C. Tired. 4. What happened to the man? A. He couldn't stop the car. B. He was driving carelessly. C. He was stopped by a policeman. 5. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An exhibition. B. A writer. C. A cartoon. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman's room number if it is in America? A. 401. B. 501. C. 601. 7. What kind of view does the woman's room have? A. A view of the garden. B. A view of the city. C. A view of the sea. 听第7段材料,回答第8至10题。 8. Why does the man come to the woman? A. To ask for leave. B. To make an apology. C. To report work progress. 9. Who will replace the man? A. Nobody. B. Richard. C. Sally. 10. How does the man feel about finishing his work on time? A. Doubtful. B. Hopeless. C. Confident. 听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。 11. What has been changed according to the announcement? A. The flight route. B. The flight number. C. The boarding gate. 12. Why is the departure delayed? A. The weather is bad. B. The plane is overbooked. C. The engine is being repaired. 13. When would the man depart from the airport originally? A. At 6:45 pm. B. At 9:45 pm. C. At midnight. 听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。 14. What is Robert? A. A doctor. B. A director. C. A retired manager. 15. What is the man's job? A. A sports club manager. B. A tennis instructor. C. A physical education teacher. 16. How would the woman describe herself? A. Easy-going. B. Agreeable. C. Unable to handle pressure. 17. What can be the relationship between the man and the woman? A. Teacher and student. B. Colleagues. C. Husband and wife. 听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。 18. Where does Yang Rui live? A In the suburbs. B. In the city center. C. In a remote village. 19. What's Yang Rui's main purpose of renting a small vegetable garden? A. To reduce work stress. B. To have organic vegetables. C. To involve his kids in farming. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. A popular lifestyle. B. A low-carbon farm. C. A monitoring system. 第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分,满分37. 5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A A free two-hour guided walking tour is a great way to get the best out of the Smithsonian’s National Zoo in a limited amount of time. They do not require scheduling except for groups of more than 10 people. On the tour you’ll... •See some of the Zoo’s most interesting animals, including cheetahs (非洲猎豹), Asian elephants, Aldabra tortoises, lions and Andean bears, to name just a few. •Have a trained guide answer your questions. •Learn how the Zoo takes care of its animals. •Hear first-hand how the Smithsonian’s National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute is working to save species. Highlights tours are best suited for general Zoo audiences and are not designed for school groups. Guests wishing to take a tour should meet at the front desk in the Visitor Center lobby shortly before 9:45 a.m. To schedule a group tour for more than 10 people, please call 202-633-3061. All tours are wheelchair accessible and accommodate up to 10 people per group on weekdays and more on weekends. Access services for guided tours, including sign language interpretation, hearing assistance devices and tactile (触觉的) tours with verbal description, are available by request. Please call 202-633-3061 at least two weeks prior to your visit to request any additional accessibility services. Snore&Roar Sleepovers (通宵派对) Available from May through to September Fall asleep to the sounds of howling wolves or wake up to barking sea lions when you spend the night at the Zoo! It’s the best way to see the animals after hours and have the park all to yourself. Snore& Roar Sleepovers include games, activities, a walk through the Zoo and more. Separate family and adult-only options are available. 1. You can ______ when you tour the National Zoo. A. have close contact with Andean bears B. ask a professional guide questions C. gain knowledge about wild animals D. learn how to protect rare animals and plants 2. If you want to experience a Snore&Roar Sleepover, you should ______. A. call 202-633-3061 B. form a group of more than 10 people C. sign up for games and services D. choose a day from May to September 3. This passage is possibly from ______ A. research report. B. A tour introduction. C. book about animals. D. science magazine. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章介绍了游览史密森尼国家动物园的一些情况。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“•Have a trained guide answer your questions.(有一个受过训练的导游来回答你的问题)”可知，当你参观国家动物园时，你可以问专业的导游问题。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Available from May through to September(5月至9月提供)”可知，想要参加Snore&Roar Sleepovers通宵派对，你应该选择5月到9月中的一天。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段内容“A free two-hour guided walking tour is a great way to get the best out of the Smithsonian’s National Zoo in a limited amount of time. They do not require scheduling except for groups of more than 10 people.(一个两小时的免费导游徒步旅行是在有限的时间内游览史密森尼国家动物园最好的方式。除了10人以上的团体外，它们不需要安排时间。)”以及下文的介绍可知，文章主要讲述游览史密森尼国家动物园的一些情况和注意事项，因此推断文章来自旅游介绍。故选B。 B At 11:45 pm on March 19, Vinod Kapri, a former TV journalist and award-winning filmmaker, was returning home from a dinner. As he was driving along Golf Course Road in the northern Indian city of Noida, near New Delhi, he spotted a kid racing along in the dead of night. Kapri was alarmed at first—it was late and he was running so fast. So he slowed down and opened a window. The boy turned out to be 19-year-old Pradeep Mehra, who had just finished his work at McDonald’s and was returning home. Once it was evident that nothing was wrong, Kapri offered to drop the teen home, but Mehra politely turned him down and, without missing a beat, kept on running. Surprised by his refusal. Kapri took out his cellphone and started filming their conversation because he could tell that there must be a story behind the midnight run. Mehra explained that he fell into the habit of running at midnight to keep fit so that he could achieve his dream of joining the army to serve his country. Kapri said the conversation left him deeply in awe of young Pradeep Mehra. When asked if his regular midnight run was ever disturbed by cars, Mehra said, “I haven’t had too much of a problem with cars. But people are a different story! My midnight running habit does make people curious. Many have stopped to ask me why I run at this time of night, while others have made fun of me. There’s a lot of sarcasm (讥讽) too—I am warned that running like this will only get me chased by dogs. No matter what others say, I just smile at them. I’ve always believed that hard work has its own rewards, and that one day, I will reach my goal and succeed.” Kapri came to help but instead left inspired. After asking permission to post the video, Kapri uploaded the recording, a little over 2 minutes, to his Twitter account. Kapri’s ending caption—“Run Pradeep run, to your brighter destiny”—touched many viewers. 4. Why did Kapri chat with Mehra at first? A. He was eager to give Mehra a ride back home. B. He had a desire to film the story behind Mehra. C He thought the boy encountered some difficulties. D. He aimed to warn Mehra of the dangers of running fast. 5. What do we know about Mehra’s regular midnight run? A. It encouraged others to run with him. B. It frequently affected Mehra’s part-time job. C. It sometimes interrupted the steady flow of traffic. D. It received some unpleasant attention from passers-by. 6. Which of the following can best describe Mehra? A. Strict and honest. B. Brave and outgoing. C. Adventurous and innovative. D. Devoted and determined. 7. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Nightly midnight run by an Indian teen B. The story about a chance encounter C. A special bond with a running boy D. The wide spread of a recording 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了印度男孩为了实现参军报效国家的梦想而坚持午夜跑步锻炼身体的故事。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段的句子“Kapri was alarmed at first—it was late and he was running so fast. So he slowed down and opened a window. (卡普里一开始很惊慌——天色已晚，他又跑得太快了。于是他放慢了速度，打开了一扇窗户。)”可知，卡普里一开始和梅赫拉聊天是因为他认为梅赫拉遇到了困难。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Many have stopped to ask me why I run at this time of night, while others have made fun of me. There’s a lot of sarcasm (讥讽) too—I am warned that running like this will only get me chased by dogs.(很多人停下来问我为什么在晚上这个时候跑步，也有人取笑我。还有很多讽刺——有人警告我，这样跑只会让我被狗追。)”可知，梅赫拉经常在午夜跑步，收到路人的一些不愉快的注意。故选D项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段的句子“Mehra explained that he fell into the habit of running at midnight to keep fit so that he could achieve his dream of joining the army to serve his country.(梅赫拉解释说，他养成了半夜跑步的习惯，以保持身体健康，这样他就可以实现参军报效国家的梦想。)”可知梅赫拉对国家忠诚；根据第四段的句子“No matter what others say, I just smile at them. I’ve always believed that hard work has its own rewards, and that one day, I will reach my goal and succeed.(不管别人说什么，我只是对他们微笑。我一直相信努力是有回报的，总有一天，我会达到我的目标，取得成功。)”可知，梅赫拉是一个坚定的人。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。本文讲述了印度男孩为了实现参军报效国家的梦想而坚持午夜跑步锻炼身体的故事。所以，用A项“Nightly midnight run by an Indian teen(印度少年每晚午夜跑步)”作为本文的标题，与文章主题相符合。故选A项。 C Ann has been severely paralysed (瘫痪)for more than 18 years. She cannot speak and normally communicates. But now, she has been able to speak through an image on the computer using technology that translated her brain signals into speech and facial expressions. The advance raises hopes that the technology could be on the edge of transforming the lives of people who have lost the ability to speak due to conditions like strokes (中风). The latest technology uses tiny electrodes (电极) put on the top layer of the brain to detect electrical activity in the part of the brain that controls speech and face movements. These signals are translated directly into a digital avatar’s (化身) speech and facial expressions including smiling, frowning or surprise. The team put 253 paper-thin electrodes on the top layer of Ann’s brain over an area important to speech. Afterwards Ann worked with the team to train the system to detect her unique brain signals for various speech sounds by repeating different phrases repeatedly. The computer learned 39 distinctive sounds and a Chat GPT-style language system was used to translate the signals into understandable sentences. This was then used to control an avatar with a voice personalised to sound like Ann’s voice before the injury, based on a recording of her speaking at her wedding. The technology was not perfect, translating words incorrectly 28% of the time in a test run involving more than 500 phrases, and it generated brain-to-text at a rate of 78 words a minute, compared with the 110–150 words typically spoken in natural conversation. However, scientists said the latest advances in accuracy and speed suggest the technology is now at a point of being practically useful for patients. A crucial next step is to create a wireless form that could be put beneath the skull (颅骨). 8. How can Ann speak? A. By tiny electrodes on her brain. B. Through an avatar using the latest technology. C. Through repeating different phrases repeatedly. D. By a technology that detects her brain signals. 9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. How the technology works. B. How the technology benefits the patients. C. How the technology translates the brain signal. D. How the technology is put into wide application. 10. Which is unnecessary to make the avatar sound like Ann? A. Ann’s cooperation. B. Ann’s facial expressions. C. An AI language system. D. A recording of Ann’s speaking. 11. What do we know about the technology according to the last paragraph? A. It is a promising way to help patients. B. Its translating speed is too slow. C. It cannot be applied to patients. D. It is not accurate in translating at all. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. B 11. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新的技术进展，这一技术可以将大脑信号转化为语音和面部表情，从而能够改善那些因中风等疾病而失去说话能力的人的生活。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。文章第四段讲到“This was then used to control an avatar with a voice personalised to sound like Ann’s voice before the injury, based on a recording of her speaking at her wedding. (然后，这被用来控制一个化身，使其声音个性化，听起来像安受伤前的声音，这是基于她在婚礼上的讲话录音)”可知，安通过一个使用最新技术的化身来说话的。故选B。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第三段讲到“The latest technology uses tiny electrodes (电极) put on the top layer of the brain to detect electrical activity in the part of the brain that controls speech and face movements. These signals are translated directly into a digital avatar’s (化身) speech and facial expressions including smiling, frowning or surprise.(这项最新技术将微型电极置于大脑顶层，以检测大脑中控制语言和面部运动部分的电活动。这些信号被直接翻译成数字化身的语言和面部表情，包括微笑、皱眉或惊讶。)”可知，第三段主要讲的是这项技术是如何工作的。故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。文章第四段讲到“Afterwards Ann worked with the team to train the system to detect her unique brain signals for various speech sounds by repeating different phrases repeatedly. The computer learned 39 distinctive sounds and a Chat GPT-style language system was used to translate the signals into understandable sentences. This was then used to control an avatar with a voice personalised to sound like Ann’s voice before the injury, based on a recording of her speaking at her wedding. (之后，Ann与团队合作训练该系统，通过重复不同的短语来检测她独特的大脑信号，以获得各种语音。计算机学习了39种不同的声音，并使用聊天GPT风格的语言系统将信号翻译成可理解的句子。然后，根据Ann在婚礼上的讲话录音，这被用来控制一个带有个性化声音的化身，听起来像Ann受伤前的讲话录音。)”可知，在这一部分中为了使化身听起来像Ann需要的是Ann的合作，一套AI语言训练系统以及Ann之前的声音。因此使化身听起来像Ann不必要的是Ann的面部表情。故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“However, scientists said the latest advances in accuracy and speed suggest the technology is now at a point of being practically useful for patients. (然而，科学家们表示，准确性和速度方面的最新进展表明，这项技术现在对患者来说非常有用)”可知，这项技术是一种很有前途的帮助病人的方法。故选A。 D While Matt Damon relied on potatoes cultivated in biowaste to survive in the hit film The Martian, the researchers say it is a humble desert moss (苔藓) that might prove crucial to establishing life on Mars. Scientists in China say they have found Syntrichia caninervis — a moss found in the Antarctic and desert — is able to bear Mars-like conditions including drought, high levels of radiation and extreme cold. The moss was able to regenerate under normal growth conditions after spending up to five years at -80℃ and up to 30 days at -196℃, and after exposure to gamma rays, with doses of around 5,000Gy even promoting new growth. The team then created a set-up that had similar pressure, temperatures, gases and UV radiation to Mars. It found the moss survived in this Mars-like environment, and was able to regenerate under normal growth conditions, even after seven days of exposure. “These experiments represent an important first step, but they do not show that the moss could be a significant source of oxygen under Martian conditions, nor do they show that the desert moss could reproduce in the Martian context,” McDaniel said. “Implying that moss, or any other pioneering species, is ready to terraform (将行星地球化) Mars, or any other outer planet, is an overstatement,” Zupanska added. Dr. Wiger of Wageningen University & Research, also raised concerns, including that temperatures on the red planet rarely got above freezing, making outdoor plant growth impossible, while the new study did not use Mars-like soil. “The mosses were treated under Mars circumstances for a maximum of several days and then regrown under Earth conditions on sand,” he said. “This, of course, doesn’t show at all they can grow under Mars conditions.” However, Prof. Edward Guinan of Villanova University in the US described the study as impressive. “This extreme-tolerant moss could promise to be a pioneer plant for Mars colonization,” he said, although he noted that the moss would need water to grow. “We have a lot of things to do,” he said. “But this lowly desert moss offers hope for making small portions of Mars habitable to humankind in the future.” 12. What does the author want to illustrate by mentioning the potatoes? A. The potatoes played a crucial role in the film. B. The moss led to survival of the potatoes on Mars. C. The moss may survive on Mars like these potatoes. D. The success of the film resulted from the plot about potatoes. 13. What can be implied from what McDaniel and Zupanska said? A. The moss has a long way to be a Martian plant. B. It is unlikely that the earth species can grow on Mars. C. The experiments on the moss were a complete success. D. They will research into reproducing the moss in the Martian context. 14. Which one is right about the characteristic of the moss in the text? A. Resistant to water. B. Adaptable to Martian soil. C. Capable of producing oxygen on Mars. D. Regenerative under Earth conditions. 15. What does the underlined word “extreme-tolerant” in the sixth paragraph mean? A. Sensitive to extreme conditions. B. Unable to survive in harsh environments. C. Adaptable to extreme conditions. D. Dependent on mild environments. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了苔藓是否能成为火星上先锋生物。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“While Matt Damon relied on potatoes cultivated in biowaste to survive in the hit film The Martian, the researchers say it is a humble desert moss (苔藓) that might prove crucial to establishing life on Mars. (在热门电影《火星救援》中，马特·达蒙依靠用生物废弃物培育出的土豆生存了下来。而研究人员表示，实际上，一种不起眼的沙漠苔藓或许才是在火星上建立生命的关键所在。)”可知，作者提到电影《火星救援》中的土豆是为了说明藓类植物可能可以像电影中的土豆一样在火星上生存，引出研究人员关于藓类植物在火星上生存潜力的讨论。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段““These experiments represent an important first step, but they do not show that the moss could be a significant source of oxygen under Martian conditions, nor do they show that the desert moss could reproduce in the Martian context,” McDaniel said. “Implying that moss, or any other pioneering species, is ready to terraform (将行星地球化) Mars, or any other outer planet, is an overstatement,” Zupanska added. (麦克丹尼尔说：“这些实验是迈出重要一步，但它们并未表明这种苔藓在火星环境下能成为重要的氧气来源，也未表明这种沙漠苔藓能在火星环境中繁殖。”“暗示苔藓（或其他任何先锋物种）已准备好改造火星或任何其他外星球，这种说法有些夸张。”祖潘斯卡补充道。)”可知，藓类植物离成为火星物种还有很大差距。故选A。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The moss was able to regenerate under normal growth conditions after spending up to five years at -80℃ and up to 30 days at -196℃, and after exposure to gamma rays, with doses of around 5,000Gy even promoting new growth. (这种苔藓在经历了长达五年的 -80℃ 低温环境以及长达 30 天的 -196℃ 低温环境之后，以及在受到约 5000Gy 剂量的伽马射线照射之后，仍能够正常生长并进行再生。甚至在受到这种剂量的辐射照射后，它还能促进新的生长。)”可知，在经历极端条件之后苔藓可以在正常条件下再生。结合第五段“The mosses were treated under Mars circumstances for a maximum of several days and then regrown under Earth conditions on sand (这些苔藓在火星环境条件下接受了最长几天的处理，之后又在沙地上恢复生长，恢复了地球环境下的生长状态。)”可知，苔藓的特征是在地球条件下可以再生。故选D。 【15题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段“The moss was able to regenerate under normal growth conditions after spending up to five years at -80℃ and up to 30 days at -196℃, and after exposure to gamma rays, with doses of around 5,000Gy even promoting new growth. (这种苔藓在经历了长达五年的 -80℃ 低温环境以及长达 30 天的 -196℃ 低温环境之后，以及在受到约 5000Gy 剂量的伽马射线照射之后，仍能够正常生长并进行再生。甚至在受到这种剂量的辐射照射后，它还能促进新的生长。)”以及第五段“The mosses were treated under Mars circumstances for a maximum of several days and then regrown under Earth conditions on sand (这些苔藓在火星环境条件下接受了最长几天的处理，之后又在沙地上恢复生长，恢复了地球环境下的生长状态)”可知，该藓类植物具有能够在极端条件下生存和再生的能力，而画线词是修饰这种藓类植物“This moss”的，结合选项可知C项“能够适应极端条件的”符合文章对This moss的描述。故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分,满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Be Hopeful About the Future It can be tough to believe that good things are coming your way when your hopes and dreams haven’t yet been realized. However, staying hopeful about your future can help you remain positive, even when things don’t go as planned. Here are some strategies to help you stay hopeful. Have a positive attitude ____16____. “Positive energy leads positive experiences, and negative energy leads negative experiences,” says life coach Alionka Polanco. By keeping a positive attitude, you can attract great things, even if you’re unsure of what your future holds. Imagine what your future will look like You’re most likely to achieve something great if you can already imagine yourself in that situation. Every morning, you can take a few minutes to intentionally daydream about what your life will look like in 10 years. ____17____. Once a week, try to imagine where you want your life to be by writing it down in a journal or talking about it with someone you care about. Connect with a life coach Sometimes it can be hard to determine what you want out of life when you might not be aware of where exactly you want your life to be in the next few years. A life coach can help guide you in the right direction. ____18____. Working with a coach can help you stay hopeful about your future. Remove any negative thought about the present Your future won’t look great if you’re negative about the present. ____19____. The quote “this too shall pass” comes to mind. Remove any shame about the present. Negative energy leads to negative experiences. ____20____. A. Life never really goes as planned B. Maintaining a positive mindset is important C. This practice can create excitement and inspiration D. How you handle current problems affects your future E. They can help you figure out what you truly want out of life F. They should take actions in the direction of their ideal vision G. Therefore, by removing negative thoughts, you open doors for change 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. D 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本篇是说明文。本文主要阐述乐观的重要性，即使希望和梦想还没有实现，但依然要保持积极乐观，并介绍了一些对未来保持乐观积极的策略。 【16题详解】 设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据本段小标题“Have a positive attitude(有积极的态度)”可知，本段主要强调保持积极乐观的重要性，所以B项“Maintaining a positive mindset is important(保持积极的心态很重要)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据前文“You’re most likely to achieve something great if you can already imagine yourself in that situation. Every morning, you can take a few minutes to intentionally daydream about what your life will look like in 10 years.(如果你能想象自己在那种情况下，你最有可能完成一些伟大的事情。每天早上，你都可以花几分钟有意识地遐想一下10年后你的生活会是什么样子)”可知，本段保持积极乐观的策略是想象未来，所以C项“This practice can create excitement and inspiration(这种做法可以创造兴奋和灵感)”是对前文的说明，其中This practice与前文相呼应。故选C项。 【18题详解】 根据前文“Sometimes it can be hard to determine what you want out of life when you might not be aware of where exactly you want your life to be in the next few years. A life coach can help guide you in the right direction.(有时候，当你不知道未来几年你想要什么样的生活时，很难确定你想要什么。人生导师可以指引你走向正确的方向)”可知，你要确定自己想要什么，就需要得到生活导师的指导，所以E项“They can help you figure out what you truly want out of life(他们可以帮助你弄清楚你真正想要的生活)”是对前文的具体说明，符合文意。故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据前文“Your future won’t look great if you’re negative about the present.(如果你对现在持消极态度，你的未来就不会看起来很美好)”可知，现在的想法消极会导致对未来的生活也不乐观，所以D项“How you handle current problems affects your future(你处理当前问题的方式会影响你的未来)”是对前句的解释，符合文意。故选D项。 【20题详解】 设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“The quote “this too shall pass” comes to mind. Remove any shame about the present. Negative energy leads to negative experiences.(“这一切都会过去的”这句话浮现在我的脑海中。不要对现在感到羞耻。消极的能量导致消极的经历)”可知，G项“Therefore, by removing negative thoughts, you open doors for change(因此，通过消除消极的想法，你打开了改变的大门)”和前文构成因果关系，为前文的总结。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I can remember the first time it happened. Class was getting out of hand. Our teacher, after quieting us six times as she tried to keep our ____21____ on the task at hand, finally gave up and informed we could take a rest. Instantly, the classroom erupted with students ____22____ their seats, laughing and talking. And then there was me. I sat ____23____ in my chair. I finished the activity and then worked on a project, completely content. I didn’t associate what I was doing with ____24____ behavior; I just had no desire to be loud and crazy. As parents started to arrive, our teacher . ____25____ the chattering children with a half-hearted smile. But when my mother ____26____,she commented, “Your daughter is such a nice girl in class. She’s a ____27____.” And there it was: my first “nice”. Whether or not I knew it, a ____28____ had been set for my future behavior, though my teacher probably didn’t mean it. As years passed, I became____29____ in the art of nice. But as much as I loved praise, I was too _____30_____ to dare be anything but nice. People rarely see the Real Me, because the Real Me is _____31_____.She doesn’t clean her room as often as she should. She’s _____32_____ at making decisions. Nice became a shelter I _____33_____my real feelings. “It’s like living a. _____34_____ life,” I thought. I am _____35_____ with being nice. I want to be the best of myself, not the nicest. 21. A. sight B. focus C. spirit D. preference 22. A. moving B. changing C. adjusting D. leaving 23. A. excitedly B. hopelessly C. quietly D. nervously 24. A. positive B. normal C. complex D. strange 25. A. picked out B. handed over C. showed off D. drove away 26. A. arrived B. demanded C. followed D. insisted 27. A. treasure B. legend C. star D. champion 28. A. plan B. style C. standard D. goal 29. A. poorly-adapted B. well-trained C. annoyed D. confused 30. A. active B. honest C. eager D. scared 31. A. shy B. perfect C. messy D. unique 32. A. terrible B. quick C. wise D. careful 33. A. managed B. shared C. expressed D. hid 34. A. simple B. comfortable C. double D. busy 35. A. familiar B. tired C. confident D. pleased 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者长期把“好”作为自己生活的标准，实际上与真实的自己并不相符，作者对此感到厌倦。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的老师让我们安静了六次，试图让我们把注意力集中在手头的任务上，最后她放弃了，告诉我们可以休息一下。A. sight视力；B. focus重点；C. spirit精神；D. preference偏爱。根据上文“after quieting us six times as she tried to keep”可知，提醒保持安静是为了让他们注意力集中到手头的任务上，故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：教室里顿时爆发出学生们离开座位，有说有笑的声音。A. moving移动；B. changing改变；C. adjusting调整；D. leaving离开。根据后文“their seats, laughing and talking”可知，学生们开始离开座位，有说有笑。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我静静地坐在椅子上。A. excitedly激动地；B. hopelessly绝望地；C. quietly安静地；D. nervously紧张地。根据后文“I finished the activity and then worked on a project, completely content.(我完成了活动，然后做了一个项目，非常满足)”可知，作者只是安静地坐在座位上。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我没有把我正在做的事情和积极的行为联系起来；我只是不想吵闹和疯狂。A. positive积极的；B. normal正常的；C. complex复杂的；D. strange奇怪的。根据后文“I just had no desire to be loud and crazy.”以及上文作者安静在座位上完成活动，可知是指积极的行为，故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当家长们开始到达时，我们的老师带着半心半意的微笑把喋喋不休的孩子交给了我们。A. picked out辨认出；B. handed over移交；C. showed off炫耀；D. drove away迫使离开。根据上文“As parents started to arrive”此处指把学生交给家长。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当我妈妈来的时候，她评论说：“你女儿在班上是一个很好的女孩。她是个宝贝。”A. arrived到达；B. demanded要求；C. followed跟随；D. insisted坚持。呼应上文“As parents started to arrive”指作者的母亲到了，来接作者。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是当我妈妈来的时候，她评论说：“你女儿在班上是一个很好的女孩。她是个宝贝。”A. treasure财富，珍宝；B. legend传奇；C. star明星；D. champion冠军。根据上文“Your daughter is such a nice girl in class.”可知，老师对作者是积极评价，夸奖作者是个珍宝。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管我是否知道，我已经为我未来的行为设定了一个标准，尽管我的老师可能不是这个意思。A. plan计划；B. style风格；C. standard标准；D. goal目标。根据后文“dare be anything but nice”可知，“好”成为了作者日后的标准。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着岁月的流逝，我在“好”的艺术方面训练有素。A. poorly-adapted适应性差的；B. well-trained训练有素的；C. annoyed生气的；D. confused困惑的。根据后文“dare be anything but nice”可知，作者把“好”当做标准，为了“好”付出一切，所以是在取得“好”的艺术方面训练有素。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是，尽管我很喜欢别人的称赞，但我太害怕了，不敢做任何不友善的事。A. active活跃的；B. honest诚实的；C. eager热切的；D. scared害怕的。根据后文“to dare be anything but nice”可知，作者不敢做任何不友善的事情，害怕别人讨厌自己。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们很少看到真实的我，因为真实的我是凌乱的。A. shy害羞的；B. perfect完美的；C. messy脏的，凌乱的；D. unique独特的。根据后文“She doesn’t clean her room as often as she should.(她不像她应该做的那样经常打扫她的房间)”可知，作者不爱整洁，真实的样子是凌乱的。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她不善于做决定。A. terrible糟糕的；B. quick快速的；C. wise明智的；D. careful仔细的。根据上文“She doesn’t clean her room as often as she should.(她不像她应该做的那样经常打扫她的房间)”可知，作者在列举自己的缺点，不爱打扫房间，不善于做决定。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“好”成了我隐藏真实情感的避难所。A. managed设法；B. shared分享；C. expressed表达；D. hid隐藏。根据后文“real feelings behind”可知，“好”成了作者隐藏真实情感的避难所。故选D。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“这就像过着双重生活，”我想。A. simple简单的；B. comfortable舒服的；C. double翻倍的；D. busy忙碌的。结合上文可知，作者在别人面前要符合“好”的标准，因此隐藏了真实的自我，所以是过着双重生活。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我厌倦了做个好人。A. familiar熟悉的；B. tired疲惫的；C. confident自信的；D. pleased高兴的。根据后文“I want to be the best of myself, not the nicest.(我要做最真实的自己，而不是最好的)”可知，作者厌倦了“好”。故选B。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s High-speed Railway The high-speed railway, ___36___ has developed rapidly in recent years, has become a famous name card of China and a legend all over the world. In ___37___ (compare) with the conventional one, it’s more convenient. China’s high-speed railway has achieved rapid development and brought us ___38___ (close) to our hometowns. The Shanghai-Kunming High-speed Railway, one of the most important railways of the 8 East-west & 8 North-south, opened to traffic in 2016. Since then, the distances between nearly 340 traditional villages and high-speed railway stations ___39___ (reduce) to less than one hour from more than three hours. With the operating speed of China’s high-speed railway ___40___ (become) faster and faster, people can save more travel time. The improving construction technology and research level of high-speed railways have also made it possible ___41___ (build) the Lanzhou-Urumqi High-speed Railway and the Harbin-Dalian High-speed Railway. China’s high-speed railway has ___42___ (apparent) gone global. In 2014, the An-Yi high-speed rail, the first high-speed railway built by Chinese companies overseas, was completed. The Jakarta-Bandung High-Speed Railway, jointly built by China and Indonesia, can shorten travel time ___43___ the two cities from more than 3 hours to 40 minutes. China shares the experience gained in high-speed railway construction with the world. In 2022, the International Union of Railways published the world’s first international standards for high-speed railway construction ___44___(base) on China’s experience. China’s high-speed railways cross rivers and mountains, connect home and abroad, ____45____ see the changes over time. 【答案】36. which 37. comparison 38. closer 39. have been reduced 40. becoming 41. to build 42. apparently 43. between 44. based 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国高铁的快速发展。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：高速铁路，近年来发展迅速，已成为中国著名的名片。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词high-speed railway进行补充说明，从句中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词which代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填which。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：与传统的相比，它更方便。根据空格前的介词in可知，空格处应该用名词comparison作宾语，in comparison with“与……相比”。故填comparison。 【38题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：中国的高速铁路取得了快速发展，使我们离家乡更近了。因为高铁的快速发展，我们回家乡应该是更方便、快捷了，所以是离家乡更近了，close应该用比较级。故填closer。 【39题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：从那时起，近340个传统村庄和高铁站之间的距离从三个多小时缩短到不到一个小时。空格处是句子的谓语动词，根据时间状语since then可知，用现在完成时；主语the distances与reduce之间是被动关系，用被动语态；主语是复数形式，所以，助动词用have。故填have been reduced。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：随着中国高铁的运行速度越来越快，人们可以节省更多的旅行时间。空格处在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，动词become与宾语the operating speed of China’s high-speed railway之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词becoming作补足语。故填becoming。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：高速铁路建设技术和科研水平的不断提高，使兰乌高铁、哈大高铁、拉萨林芝高铁相继建成。空格前的it是形式宾语，空格处应该用不定式形式作真正的宾语，make it adj to do something是固定句型。故填to build。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：中国的高铁显然已经走向全球。修饰动词gone应该用副词apparently，作状语。故填apparently。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：雅万高铁由中国和印度尼西亚共同建设，可将两城市之间的旅行时间从3个多小时缩短到40分钟。空后是名词短语the two cities，空处要用介词。由句意可知，此处指两个城市之间的行程时间，故填between。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年，国际铁路联盟发布了世界上第一个基于中国经验的高速铁路建设国际标准。空格处应该用非谓语动词作定语，修饰空格前的the world’s first international standards for high-speed railway construction，二者是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词based作定语。故填based。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：中国的高铁跨江河、越山川，连接国内与海外，见证着时代的变迁。空格后的动词see与上文的cross和connect是并列谓语，所以应该用连词and连接。故填and。 第四部分 写作(共两节,满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 由于废气、污水、白色垃圾等环境污染已危及到人类的健康与生存，为鼓励大家节能环保，你们学校将举办一次“低碳行动”的环保活动，请以学生会的名义向全校同学发起“低碳生活”的倡议，以下是倡议的内容： 1.尽量绿色出行：采取步行或自行车方式； 2.少喝一次瓶装水； 3.尽量不用一次性的（disposable）产品，如一次性木筷子和塑料袋； 4.每周少用电视和手机一天。 注意： 1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear friends, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Students’ Union 【答案】Dear friends, In order to encourage us to save energy and protect our environment, I’m going to make the following suggestions. First, I suggest that we should walk or take bikes if we go out. Second, we can reduce the use of bottled water and unrecyclable items, such as disposable chopsticks and plastic bags. Besides, if we can turn off our TVs and mobile phones for one day every week, it will be of great benefit to saving energy. I believe everyone should take responsibility to protect our environment. Let’s take action now. The Students’ Union 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生以学生会的名义向全校同学发起“低碳生活”的倡议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 建议：advice→suggestion 手机：cell phone→mobile phone 有益的：be of great benefit→beneficial 此外：in addition→besides 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：In order to encourage us to save energy and protect our environment, I’m going to make the following suggestions. 拓展句：I’m going to make the following suggestions, whose aim is to encourage us to save energy and protect our environment. 【点睛】[高分句型1] First, I suggest that we should walk or take bikes if we go out. (运用了虚拟语气) [高分句型2] Besides, if we can turn off our TVs and mobile phones for one day every week, it will be of great benefit to saving energy. (运用了if引导条件状语从句) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One Saturday afternoon, I was watching TV in the living room with my grandpa when a blinding flash of lightning flashed across the sky, followed by a deafening sound, and the pictures on TV disappeared with that sound. Before I realized what had happened, a gray-white shadow rushed in through the open window and flew over my head. Bang! It hit the wall and slid off to the floor. Shaking with fear, I approached it cautiously and saw that it was a pigeon. It looked at me in fear, trying to open its wings and struggling its feet, but apparently powerless. So I called my grandpa and immediately set out to give it a helping hand. Taking it in my hands, I felt a few drops of warmth on my hands. It was blood! I gently spread its wings and there were a few red feathers inside. “Don’t worry. We’ll get it out alive,” Grandpa said to me. Then he got the first-aid kit. With some cotton, we dried the blood, cleaned the wound and then put it under a hairdryer to dry. All went smoothly, for the pigeon had no strength left to resist. There happened to be an empty birdcage at home, so I put it in gently and added a little water and some grains. For the next few days, the moment I got home from school, I would run to feed the pigeon. And Grandpa helped a lot, tidying up the cage daily. Little by little, its strength returned. One evening, I fed it with the biscuit I was eating. It enjoyed it! One week later, its wound almost healed (痊愈); its feathers grew and it became brave. Whenever I sat at the table eating biscuits, it looked up at me, cooing (咕咕地叫) constantly. To my joy, I could also reach into the cage to touch it. When I gently fingered its head, it playfully pecked (啄) at me. Finally it completely recovered. But every time I was with it, it seemed restless in the cage. To make it happy and pretty, I tied an orange string (线)around its leg. 注意:1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右; 2.续写部分分为两段,每段的开头语已为你写好。 One day, however, when I returned home, Grandpa met me at the door, looking embarrassed. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sure enough, I saw a pigeon flying into the house the next afternoon! _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: One day, however, when I returned home, Grandpa met me at the door, looking embarrassed. I asked him what had happened. He turned around and pointed to the birdcage, apologizing to me that the pigeon slid out when he was tidying up the cage and flew away through the open window. Gone! I couldn’t believe my ears. I rushed over to the birdcage. Just empty! I stared at the remaining water and grains, tears streaming down my cheeks. “Where has it gone? Will it be hurt again? Will it come back? ...” I asked Grandpa, sobbing. “It will fly back!” he convinced me, wiping away my tears gently. Sure enough, I saw a pigeon flying into the house the next afternoon! It perched near the birdcage, cooing. Despite great excitement, I approached it quietly. It was gray-white and had an orange string tied to one leg. My pigeon came back! “It must be hungry,” Grandpa grinned. Immediately, I fed it with grains and then tiptoed to the window and closed it, urging Grandpa to cage it. But he didn’t. “Pigeons need freedom,” he explained to me patiently. I was hesitant but looking at the pigeon wandering and pecking at the grains peacefully, I realized Grandpa was right! I turned back to the window and opened it. 【解析】 【分析】本文以鸽子为线索展开，讲述了作者在爷爷的帮助下救治了一只受伤的鸽子，在作者的精心照料下，鸽子渐渐恢复。有一天鸽子飞走了，引起作者的伤心。第二天，鸽子好像不忘救命之恩，又飞回家中。在爷爷的教育下，作者意识到鸟儿的快乐是要自由飞翔，果断地放飞鸽子的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“然而，有一天，当我回到家，爷爷在门口迎接我，看起来很尴尬。”可知，第一段可描写鸽子飞走了，作者的无限伤心，爷爷的极力安慰。 ②由第二段首句内容“果然，第二天下午我看见一只鸽子飞进了房子！”可知，第二段可描写作者重新见到鸽子的喜悦，以及作者新的认识，放飞鸽子。 2.续写线索：难过哭泣——伤心——（爷爷)道歉安慰——喜悦照顾鸽子——明理——放飞 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①哭泣：cry/weep/ tears streaming down my cheeks ②道歉：say sorry to/apologize to ③照顾：look after/take good care of 情绪类 ①.伤心： feel sad/get upset ②.喜悦：feel excited/get delighted 【点睛】[高分句型1]. He turned around and pointed to the birdcage, apologizing to me that the pigeon slid out when he was tidying up the cage and flew away through the open window.（非谓语动词apologize现在分词作状语） [高分句型2]. I stared at the remaining water and grains, tears streaming down my cheeks.（独立主格结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$