Unit 5 First Aid 重点词汇归纳 清单-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Unit 5 · 1. technique n. 技巧，技艺；技能；技术 CPR is a life-saving technique. · 2. barrier n. 屏障；障碍；障碍物 The Sahara Desert is a natural barrier between north and central Africa. a barrier against… 阻碍…的屏障 a barrier to… 去/达成…的障碍 · 3. lead to 1）导致；造成 Eating too much sugar can lead to health problems. 2）通向 Just as the old saying goes, all roads lead to Rome. · 4. minor 1）adj. 较小的；次要的；轻微的 Your health is general good, but you do have a few minor problems. 2）n. 辅修科目 3）v. 辅修 [词形转换] 1）minority n. 少数；少数派 in the/ a minority 占少数 · 5. electric adj. 电的；用电的；电动的 Don’t get close to the man. He seems to have received an electric shock. [词形转换] 1）electric shock 触电；电击 electric lights 电灯 2）electrical adj. 与电有关的 an electrical fault 电路故障 electrical wiring 供电线路 3）electronic adj. 电子的 4）electricity n. 电，电能 5）electrician n. 电工 [易混辨析] electric/ electrical 易混词 区分 electric 描述以电为动力的物体 electrical 与笼统的名词搭配 · 6. victim n. 受害者；患者 fall victim to 受伤；受损；成为…的受害者；被害 It worried us that she fell victim to a rare disease. · 7. stick (…) to 粘住 Her wet clothes were sticking to her body. 贴；粘；黏 He stuck the note to his notebook. 坚持，遵守 One problem is that few people can stick to a healthy diet for long. stick to one’s word 信守诺言 stick to one’s story 坚守原来的说法 [归纳拓展] stick 1）v. ① 刺；插；戳 The nurse stuck the needle into my arm. ② 粘贴；粘住 He stuck a stamp on the envelope. ④ 卡住，陷住 be stuck in 被困住；被卡住 The key has stuck in the lock. 2）n. 纸条；棍子 · 8. loose adj. 松的；未系紧的；宽松的 She slipped into a loose T-shirt and shorts. get loose 松开 [词形转换] 1）loosen v.（使）放松；解开（头发、衣服等） loosen the control over… 放松对…的控制 · 9. urgent adj. 紧急的；急迫的 be in urgent of… 急需… It is urgent that… 紧急的是… [词形转换] 1）urge ① v. 催促；极力主张；强烈要求；驱策（动物） urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事 Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage of the opportunity to join team sports. urge sth. on/ upon sb. 强烈要求某人做某事；向某人强调某事 They urged the need for cooperation on us. ② n. 强烈的欲望；冲动 2）urgency n. 紧急；急迫 · 10. ease 1）v.（使）宽慰；减轻，缓解；使容易些，使顺利些 ease one’s mind 宽慰某人；使某人放心 ease the way for… 为…扫除障碍 It is hope that the agreement will ease the way for the peace in that area. 2）n. 容易；舒适；自在 with ease 轻易，毫不费劲 If I learn English for years, shall I be able to speak it with ease ? at ease 不拘束，放松 put sb. at ease 使某人放松 · 11. swallow 1）v. 吞下；不流露；抑制 swallow up 吞没；淹没；耗尽 The smog swallowed up the whole city. 2）n. 燕子 One swallow does not make a summer. · 12. wrap v. 包、裹；（用手臂等）围住 wrap sth. in sth. 用…包裹… wrap sth. around sb./ sth. 把…围在…上 A red scarf was wrapped around his neck. wrap up（使）穿得暖和 wrap…up… 把…包起来 be wrapped up in 把全部精力放在某事上（以至于没有时间关心别的事） · 13. slip 1）溜走；滑倒；滑落 slip over 滑倒 She slipped over on the ice and broke her leg. slip out of 从…溜出 The fish slipped out of my hand. slip away 溜出去 He slipped away without being noticed from the back door. slip out from 掠过 A smile slipped out from his lips. slip one’s mind 被遗忘 slip out 无意中说出（或泄露） 2）n. 滑倒；纰漏；纸条 a slip of the tongue/ ten 口误/笔误 · 14. operator n. 电话接线员；操作员；经营者 Before working on the deck, Remila was a radar and telephone operator. [词形转换] 1）operate v.（使）运转；操作；经营；动手术 operate on… 给…做手术 · 2）operation n. 行动；手术；运转；经营 have/ undergo an operation 接受手术 do/ perform/ carry out an operation (on…)（为…）做手术 be in operation 工作中；使用中；有效 Temporary traffic controls are in operation on New Road. come/ go into operation 开始工作；开始生效 = take effect Chinese garbage classification policy has come into operation in several cities. put/ bring…into operation 实施/启用…；使…运转 Beijing’s new international airport put into operation in 2019 serves 72 million passengers annually. · 15. delay 1）n. 延迟 We apologize for the delay in answering your letter. 2）v. 耽误；延迟 delay doing 延迟做某事 He delayed telling her the news, waiting for the right moment. · 16. drown v.（使）淹死；溺死；浸泡 drown sth. in 用…浸泡… drown oneself in sth. 沉浸于 Many social norms just don’t make sense to people drowning themselves in digital communication. drown one’s fears/ loneliness/ sorrows 借酒壮胆/借酒浇愁 [词形转换] 1）drowning adj. 溺水的 a drowning man 一个溺水的人 2）drowned adj. 溺亡的 a drowned man 一个溺亡的人 · 17. panic 1）v.（使）惊慌 panic sb. into doing 使某人仓皇行事；使某人仓促行动 Many people are panicked into buying things before the lockdown was announced. 2）n. 惊慌；恐慌 get into a picnic (about…) 陷入（对…的）恐慌 Don’t get into a panic when you are in a dangerous situation. in panic 惊慌地 Seeing Tony chocking on some food, his father called the emergency number in panic. · 18. interrupt v. 打断；暂停 Sorry to interrupt, but there’s someone to see you. interrupt…with… 用…打断… be interrupted by 被…打断 [词形转换] 1）interruption n. 打断 without interruption 不间断，连续地 · 19. scream 1）v.（因伤痛、害怕、激动等）高声喊；大声叫 scream out 尖叫 She screamed out in/ with fear when she saw a worm on her desk. scream at… 冲…尖叫 2）n. 尖叫 let out/ give a scream 发出尖叫 She let out a scream of pain. · 20. choke v. 窒息；哽咽 choke on sth. 被某物噎住 choke up（因感情激动而）哽咽 choke to death 窒息而死 She almost choked to death in the thick fumes. choke sb. death. 把某人咽（噎）死 choke back 忍住 Hearing the sad news, she found it hard to choke back her tears. · 21. desperate adj. 绝望的；孤注一掷的；非常需要的；拼命的；（情况）很危急的；极危险的 be desperate with… 因…而感到绝望 She was desperate with fear. be desperate for… 极其需要… After searching all night, they were desperate for help. be desperate to do sth. 极想做某事 He is desperate to get a job. [词形转换] 1）desperation n. 绝望；拼命 in desperation 绝望地；不顾一切地 · 22. help sb. to one’s feet 帮助某人站起身来 Seeing a boy fall over, she hurried up to help him to his feet. [归纳拓展] 1）rise/ get to one’s feet 直起身来/站起身来 2）spring/ jump to one’s feet 跳起来 3）struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站起来 4）be on one’s feet 站立着；站起来；恢复健康 5）be/ get back on one’s feet 重新站稳脚跟 6）stand on one’s own feet 自立；独立 7）put one’s feet up 坐下休息 · 23. practical adj. 实际的；实践的；切实可行的 There are some obvious practical applications of the research. [词形转换] 1）practice ① n. ❶ 实践；实际行动 put sth. into practice 把…付诸实践 She’s determined to put her new ideas into practice. in practice 事实上 Prisoners have legal rights, but in practice these rights are not always respected. ❷ 惯例；常规 common practice 常规做法 ❸ 练习 Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。 ② v. 练习 practice doing 练习做某事 Practice reversing the car into the garage. · 24. grab 1）v. 抓住；吸引；（因忙碌而）抓紧（吃、喝或睡） grab the food 匆忙吃东西 2）n. 抓取 make a grab for… 突然去抢某物 · 25. justify v. 证明；为…辩护 justify doing 证明做…有道理 How can you justify not doing anything when everyone else is trying to help ? justify oneself 证明自己清白，为自己辩护 Surrounded by misunderstanding, he was at a loss for words to justify himself. [词形转换] 1）just ① adj. 公正的；正义的；合适的；恰当的 ② adv. 正好；恰好 That is just what I think. adv. 只是，仅仅 I came just to see you. adv. 此时；那时；眼下；正要；正准备；刚好 be just about/ going to do sth. when… 正要做某事，这时… He was just about to dive when he saw the shark. 2）justice n. 公平；公正；合理 Justice has long arms. 天网恢恢，疏而不漏。 do justice to sb./ sth. = do sb./ sth. justice 公平对待某人/某物 That photo doesn’t do you justice. 3）justification n. 正当理由 · 26. collapse 1）v. ①（因病等）倒下，昏倒 The fireman collapsed from absorbing too much smoke. ②（突然）坍塌 The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. ③ 突然失败；（使）崩溃 Our project will collapse unless we get more help from the bank. 2）n. 坍塌；昏倒；失败 · 27. sleep in 睡过头；睡懒觉 My alarm clock failed to go off and I slept in for nearly an hour. · 28. out of shape 健康状况不好；变形的，走样的 After the operation, Lucy was out of shape and became tired easily. [归纳拓展] 1）in shape ① 使身体强健；处于良好状态 Keeping a balanced diet and exercising regularly help you get in shape. ② 在形状上 The dining room was square in shape. 2）in the shape of… 呈…的形状；以…的形式 Kevin’s birthday cake was in the shape of a heart. 3）take shape 成形；有了模样 With knowledge-based economy starting to take shape and becoming a growing trend, new industries have kept emerging. 4）get (oneself) into shape 强身健体 5）be shaped by 收到…的影响 6）be shaped like 形状像… 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$