Unit 1 Happy Holiday 核心知识点精讲精练 2(Grammar)-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册教材核心知识全解（人教版2024）

Unit 1 Happy Holiday 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，有单项填空、翻译句子、语篇填空、补全对话、完形填空、阅读理解等丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 不定代词 不明确指定代替任何特定的名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。 1. 普通不定代词 (1) some与any · some和any既可以代替或修饰可数名词，也可以代替或修饰不可数名词，表示“一些”。 There are some apples. We have some water. · some常用于肯定句；any用于否定句，疑问句等。 I have some grapes. Do you have any pencils? They don’t have any money. · 在希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中用some。 Would you like to have some bread? I’m thirsty. Can I have some water? · any也可以用于肯定句，表示“任何，任一”。 I have some toys. You can take any one. [随学随练] 1) —Would you like ________ tea? —No, I don’t like ________ tea, but I would like ________ cakes. A．any, any, some B．some, any, any C．some, any, some 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你想喝点茶吗？——不，我不喜欢茶，但我想要一些蛋糕。 考查代词辨析。some一些，用于肯定句和表示希望得到肯定答复的疑问句；any任何，用于否定句和疑问句。根据“Would you like…tea”可知，第一个空是表示提议的疑问句，填some；根据“No, I don’t like”可知，该句是否定句，填any；根据“but I would like…cakes.”可知，此处在肯定句中表示“一些”，填some。故选C。 2) We don’t have ________ bread. We need to buy ________. A．some; any B．any; some C．many; any 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们没有面包了。我们需要去买一些。 考查不定代词辨析。some一些，用于肯定句或表示请求建议等含义的疑问句中；any一些，任何，一般用于否定句或疑问句；many许多，修饰可数名词复数。第一空所在句为否定句，且bread为不可数名词，所以应用any修饰；第二空所在句为肯定句，且bread为不可数名词，所以应用some修饰。故选B。 3) —Mum, I don’t have ________ pocket money now. Could I have ________? —Sure. I’ll be back in a minute. A．some; any B．some; some C．any; any D．any; some 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我现在没有零花钱了。我可以有一些吗？——当然。我马上就回来。 考查不定代词。some一些，常用于肯定句中或表示希望得到对方的肯定回答的疑问句中；any一些，常用于否定句或疑问句中。根据“Mum, I don’t have ... pocket money now”可知，句子为否定句，应用any；根据“Could I have…”可知，句子为一般疑问句，表示请求，希望得到对方的肯定回答，应用some。故选D。 4) —Is there ________ chicken in the fridge? —No, but there’s ________ beef in it. A．some; any B．some; some C．any; any D．any; some 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——冰箱里有鸡肉吗？——没有，但里面有牛肉。 考查代词辨析。some一些，用于肯定句；any任何，用于否定句或疑问句。第一句是一般疑问句，应用any，第二句是肯定句，应用some，故选D。 (2) many 与much 这两个词都表示“很多”。many修饰或代替可数名词复数；much修饰或代替不可数名词。 There used to be many trees along the river bank. He spent too much time on computer games. [随学随练] 1) He is a man with ________ and he has ________ interesting ________ in his life. A．much experience; a lot of; experience B．many experiences; much; experience C．many experience; much; experience D．much experience; a lot of; experiences 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他是一个经验丰富的人，他的生活中有很多有趣的经历。 考查名词单复数的用法和形容词短语。much很多，修饰不可数名词；many很多，修饰可数名词复数；a lot of很多，既可修饰可数名词，也可修饰不可数名词；experience经历(可数名词)，经验(不可数名词)。根据“He is a man with”可知是一个经验丰富的人，故第一个空的experience是不可数名词，排除BC；根据“has...interesting...in his life”可知是生活中有很多经历， 第二个空的experience是可数名词，a lot of应修饰名词复数，排除A。故选D。 2) I love drinking juice in summer, but my mum says that’s not good to drink ________ of it. A．too many B．too much C．much too D．many too 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢在夏天喝果汁，但我妈妈说喝太多不好。 考查短语辨析。too many太多，修饰可数名词复数；too much太多，修饰不可数名词；much too太，修饰形容词或副词；many too 结构错误，无此用法。空格后是名词性短语“of it”，且修饰不可数名词，故选B。 3) There________ too________ water in the cloud and it began to rain soon. A．is; much B．was; many C．was; much D．is; many 【答案】C 【详解】句意：云中的水太多了，很快就开始下雨了。 考查一般过去时和不可数名词。many许多，修饰可数名词；much许多，修饰不可数名词。根据“began”可知，此句是一般过去时，water是不可数名词。故选C。 4) He can speak ________ French, but not ________. A．some, much B．any, much C．much, many D．many, any 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他会说一些法语，但不会太多。 考查代词辨析。some一些，放肯定句中；any一些，放否定句和疑问句中；many很多，修饰可数名词复数；much很多，修饰不可数名词。第一个句子是肯定句，不用any，排除B；French是不可数名词，用much修饰，表示“不会太多法语”。故选A。 (3) few / a few / little / a little 用法区别 可数名词复数 不可数名词 肯定含义 a few a little 否定含义 few little · few/a few修饰或代替可数名词复数；little/a little修饰或代替不可数名词。 There are a few balls on the ground. Don’t hurry. There is still a little time left. · a few/a little表示肯定含义，常译为“一些”；few/little表示否定含义，常译为“几乎没有，很少”。 He ate a few eggs and noodles. He isn’t angry now. We have little milk. We need to buy some. [随学随练] 1) Hurry up! There is ________ time left. We must set out now. A．few B．little C．a few D．a little 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——快点！剩下的时间不多了。我们现在必须出发了。 考查代词辨析。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数，表示否定含义；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词，表示否定含义；a few几个，修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定含义；a little一点，修饰不可数名词，表示否定含义。time“时间”，为不可数名词，排除A项和C项；根据“We must set out now.”可知，几乎没有时间了，所以要现在出发，表示否定含义，排除D项。故选B。 2) The talk show was so boring that ______ students paid attention to it. A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个脱口秀太无聊了以至于很少学生注意它。 考查不定代词辨析。little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a little一点儿，修饰不可数名词；few 几乎没有，修饰可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词。students是可数名词复数，排除AB选项；根据“boring”可知，应是很少有人注意，用few。故选C。 3) There are _________ tomatoes, but there is _________ milk in the fridge. Let’s buy some. A．few; little B．a little; little C．a few; little D．a few; few 【答案】C 【详解】句意：冰箱里有一些西红柿，但几乎没有牛奶了。我们买一些吧。 考查代词。few几乎没有，修饰可数名词复数；a few少许，修饰可数名词复数；little不多的，修饰不可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词。根据第一个空后的“tomatoes”为可数名词复数可知，可排除B项；根据第二个空后的“milk”为不可数名词可知，此处可排除D项；句子通过but形成转折关系，前后需对比，结合选项可知，此处指有一些西红柿，但几乎没有牛奶了。故选C。 4) I’m new here, so I have ________ good friends. I want to spend ________ time making some good ones. A．a few; a little B．a little; a few C．few; a little D．few; little 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我刚来这里，所以几乎没有好朋友。我想花一点时间交些好朋友。 考查代词辨析。a few一点儿，一些，后接可数名词复数；a little一点儿，一些，后接不可数名词；few少到几乎没有，后接可数名词复数；little少到几乎没有，后接不可数名词。根据“I’m new here”和“good friends”可知，是新来的，故朋友应是很少，故第一空需用表否定意义的词few，排除选项A和B；根据“I want to spend...time making some good ones.”可知，应是想花时间交朋友，且time为不可数名词，故第二空应用a little。故选C。 (4) one/the one/the ones/it · one指代前面提到的单数可数名词，表示泛指，是同类事物但不是前文提到的同一个事物。 one可以指代前文提到的复数名词中的一个。 They are selling their house to move to a smaller one. There are many nice bowls in the supermarkets. Let’s go and buy one. · the one指代前面提到的单数可数名词；the ones指代前面提到的复数可数名词。 I see a blue ball. But it isn’t the one I lost yesterday. The yellow shoes are so small so I take the green ones. · one与it区别 one是泛指，it是特指，即指代的就是前文中提到的同一个事物。 Linda has a blue watch. She bought it last weekend. And I bought a yellow one. [随学随练] 1) —These spaceship models look so amazing! —You can pick ________ if you like. I have collected them for long. A．it B．one C．this D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——这些宇宙飞船模型看起来太神奇了！——如果你喜欢，你可以挑一个。我收集它们很久了。 考查代词辨析。it特指上文提到的同一事物；one泛指同类事物中的任意一个；this指代近处的单个事物；that指代远处的单个事物。根据“These spaceship models look so amazing!”和“You can pick...if you like.”可知，此处指从这些模型中任意选一个，用one表示同类不同物。故选B。 2) —Tom, I lost my pencil and I couldn’t find ________. —There are many pencils in that box. Just take ________. A．it; it B．it; one C．one; it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，我的铅笔丢了，我找不到它了。——那个盒子里有很多铅笔。拿一支吧。 考查代词辨析。it它；one一个。it指代上文提到的同一事物，这里指丢失的那支特定的铅笔，第一空用it；one指代同类事物中的一个，不是特定的某一个。“There are many pencils in that box. Just take one.”意思是盒子里有很多铅笔，拿其中一支就行，并非特指某一支，第二空用one。故选B。 3) —What do you think of these cars made in Japan? —Actually I prefer (更喜欢)_________ made in Germany even though they cost more. A．the ones B．that C．ones D．the those 【答案】A 【详解】句意：-你认为这些日本制造的汽车怎么样？ -实际上，我更喜欢德国制造的，尽管它们的价格更高。one数词，一；还可作代词，代替前面所提到的名词单数，代替复数名词时，用ones，前面通常使用冠词the。that指示代词，那、那个,远指；those那、那些，远指。本题指代前文名词复数“the cars”。故选A。 (5) other/ the other/ others/ the others/ another/ else · “other+复数名词”泛指“其他的人或物”，并不有意强调全部，也可用others。 Some people like tea; others prefer coffee.  · “the other+复数名词”表示“其余的全部...”,表示特指，也可用the others。 At the river, the ugly duckling swam well, just like all the other ducklings. · the other表示“两者中的另一个”，常出现在“one...the other...”结构中，用于总数只有两个的情况。 On the other side of the street, there are many trees. · another表示三者或三者以上中的另一个，修饰或代替单数可数名词。another还可以表示“再，又”。 Please give me another cup of coffee. We need another two minutes. (我们还需要两分钟。 another two minutes =two more minutes) · else表示“其他的”，只能用于复合不定代词或疑问词后。 What else do you need? Did you meet anyone else? [随学随练] 1) Joe has to wait for ________ two weeks for his new smartphone. A．other B．the other C．others D．another 【答案】D 【详解】句意：乔还得再等两周才能拿到他的新智能手机。 考查代词。other其他的，后接可数名词复数；the other两者中的另一个，常与one 搭配使用；others其他的人或物，相当于“other + 可数名词复数”；another又一，再一，后可接“数词 + 可数名词复数”。根据“two weeks”可知，此处应是表示再等两周，应用“another + 数词 + 可数名词复数”结构。故选D。 2) I feel good about helping ________ people. A．another B．the other C．others D．other 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我对帮助他人感到开心。 考查代词辨析。another三个及以上的另一个，后接单数名词；the other两者中的另一个；others其他人；other其他的，后接复数名词。由“I feel good about helping…people”可知，此处指帮助其他人。故选D。 3) Mum, I can’t find my ________ shoe. Where is it? A．other B．another C．the other D．the others 【答案】A 【详解】句意：妈妈，我找不到我的另一只鞋了。它在哪里？ 考查代词。other其他的；another（三者及以上中的）另一个；the other（两者中的）另一个；the others（剩余所有）其他人或物。两只鞋中的另一只用the othe，空格前有形容词性物主代词“my”，不用the。故选A。 4) —What ________ do you know? —Oh, two persons won the first prize. One is a nurse, ________ is a worker. A．another; others B．other; the other C．else; the other D．else; the others 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你还知道什么？ —— 哦，有两个人得了一等奖。一个是护士，另一个是工人。 考查代词和副词辨析。another又一个，再一个；others其他的(人或物)，泛指其他的人或物；other其他的，常接名词复数形式；else此外，其他，常置于不定代词或疑问词之后；the other(两者中的)另一个；the others其他的(人或物)，特指某一范围内剩下的全部人或物。根据问句“What…do you know”可知，此处应指你“另外”还知道什么，应用else与之搭配，“what else”表示“还有什么其他的”，则第一空用else；又结合答句中“One is a nurse…is a worker”可知，此处应指“一个……另一个……”，应用“one…the other”句型，则第二空用“the other”。故选C。 5) When you go to __________ country, remember to be friendly to _________. A．other; other B．another; others C．other; the others D．another; the others 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当你去别的国家，记住对别人友好。 考查不定代词。other其他的，后跟复数名词；another另一个，后跟单数名词；others其他人或物；the others特指某范围内的其他人或物。country是名词单数，第一空用another；根据“remember to be friendly to”可知，去另一个国家要对其他人友好，第二空用others。故选B。 6) You may keep that bike for ________ three days, but you can’t lend it to ________. A．another, others B．the others, others C．another, the others D．other, other 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你可以再留那辆自行车三天，但你不可以把它借给其他人。 考查代词辨析。another另一；others其他的人或物；the others剩余的全部人或物；other其他的，后接可数名词复数。another three days“另外三天”；第二空表示非特指的其他人，用others。故选A。 2. 复合不定代词 (1) 复合不定代词的构成 复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加上-body, -one, -thing构成的不定代词。 some- any- no- every- -one someone anyone no one everyone -thing something anything nothing everything -where somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere -body somebody anybody nobody everybody 注意：no one要分开写。 (2) 复合不定代词含义 some-类与any-类复合不定代词用法与some / any用法类似。 · some-类常用于肯定句，表示“某个...”。someone/somebody表示“某人”；something表示“某事，某物”；somewhere表示“某地”。 Someone is waiting for you. I bought something special in Hong Kong. · any-类常用于否定句或疑问句，表示“某个...”。anyone/anybody表示“某人”;anything表示“某事，某物”；anywhere表示“某地”。 We didn’t go anywhere last Sunday. Did you met anyone interesting in Shanghai? · no-类复合不定代词表示否定含义。no one/ nobody表示“没有人”; nothing表示“没有任何东西，没有事”;nowhere表示“没有地方”。 No one here doesn’t like the park. Nothing can stop him learn to play basketball. · every-类复合不定代词表示“每一，所有”的含义。everyone/everybody表示“每个人，所有人”;everything表示“所有事物，一切”;everywhere表示“到处，所有地方”。 Everything in his room is in good order. We'll have to eat here─ everywhere else is full. [随学随练] 1) —________ came to see you just now. Where have you been? —Sorry, I have been to the library. Who can it be? A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Everybody D．Nobody 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——刚才有人来找你。你去哪儿了？——抱歉，我去图书馆了。会是谁呢？ 考查不定代词辨析。Somebody某人，用于肯定句；Anybody任何人，常用于疑问句或否定句；Everybody每个人；Nobody没有人。根据“...came to see you just now. Where have you been?”可知，此处表示刚才有人来找你了。故选A。 2) —Did ________ go with you to the 7th China-South Asia Expo (南博会) in Kunming? —Yes. I went there with my parents. A．somewhere B．anyone C．something D．anything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——有人和你一起去参加在昆明举行的第七届中国南亚博览会吗？——是的。我和父母一起去的。 考查复合不定代词。somewhere某地；anyone任何人；something某事；anything任何事。根据“Did ... go with you to the 7th China-South Asia Expo (南博会) in Kunming?”可知，此处询问是否有人陪伴，应用anyone。故选B。 3) We are sure we will win the basketball match and ________ can beat us. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们确信我们会赢得这场篮球比赛，没有人能打败我们。 考查不定代词辨析。everybody每个人；somebody某人；anybody任何人；nobody没人。根据“We are sure we will win the basketball match”可知，这里表示确信会赢得比赛，即没人可以打败我们。故选D。 4) —Mum, I have ______ important to tell you. —What’s wrong? A．nothing B．anything     C．something D．everything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我有重要的事情要告诉你。——怎么了？ 考查复合不定代词。nothing什么都没有；anything任何事情，常用于否定句或疑问句中；something一些事情，常用于肯定句中及表示请求建议等含义的疑问句中；everything一切。根据分析句子“Mum, I have...important (重要的) to tell you.”可知，该句是肯定句，此处应该指的是“我”有重要的事情要告诉你。故选C。 5) The story of Yu Gong tells us that ______ is impossible (不可能的) if we never give up. A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything 【答案】B 【详解】句意：愚公的故事告诉我们，如果我们永不放弃，没有什么是不可能的。 考查不定代词用法。something某件事；nothing没有什么；anything任何事情；everything每件事。根据“...is impossible (不可能的) if we never give up.”可知，永不放弃，没有什么是不可能的。故选B。 (3) 复合不定代词的用法说明 · 复合不定代词充当主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 Everyone wants to have a long holiday. Someone is taking in the room. · 有定语修饰复合不定代词时，定语要后置，放在复合不定代词的后面。 There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper. He went somewhere warm during the holiday. · every-类复合不定代词用于否定时是半否定；全部否定要用no-类复合不定代词。 Not everyone likes the book.(并不是每个人都喜欢这本书。) No one likes the book. (没有人喜欢这本书/所有人都不喜欢这本书。) · everyone与every one everyone只用来指人，后不可跟of；every one可以指人，也可以指物，后面可以跟of。 Everyone likes his performance. Every one of the children likes his performance. [随学随练] 1) Everything ______ fine with us in the first three days but later something went wrong. A．is B．are C．was D．were 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在前三天我们一切都很顺利，但后来出了点问题。 考查主谓一致和时态。is是，一般现在时的第三人称单数形式；are是，一般现在时的复数形式；was是，一般过去时的第三人称单数形式；were是，一般过去时的复数形式。根据“but later something went wrong”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，又因为“everything”是不定代词，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。故选C。 2) We all tried Beijing fermented mung bean juice (豆汁), but not ________ liked it. A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们都尝试过北京豆汁，但不是每个人都喜欢它。 考查不定代词辨析。somebody某人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。根据“but not…liked it”可知，此处指不是每个人都喜欢豆汁，应用everybody“每个人”。故选C。 3) —Where are you going for your holiday? —I’m going ________ because it’s too cold here. A．somewhere warm B．everywhere warm C．warm somewhere D．warm everywhere 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你打算去哪里度假？——我要去一个暖和的地方，因为这里太冷了。 考查地点副词以及定语后置。somewhere某地；everywhere所有地方。根据“I’m going...”可知要去一个暖和的地方，用somewhere，形容词修饰somewhere用进行后置。故选A。 4) There isn’t ________ in today’s newspaper. I want to watch TV instead. A．anything new B．new anything C．something new D．new something 【答案】A 【详解】句意：今天的报纸上没有什么新消息。让我们看电视吧。 考查不定代词及形容词后置。something用于肯定句；anything用于否定句或疑问句；本句是否定句，应用anything，排除C/D选项；形容词修饰不定代词，位于其后，故选A。 5) —Did you go ________ last weekend? —Yes. I also met ________ there. A．somewhere; someone friendly B．anywhere; friendly someone C．somewhere; anyone friendly D．anywhere; someone friendly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你上周去过任何地方了吗？——是的，我还在那里遇到了一个友好的人。 考查复合不定代词的用法。somewhere某个地方，常用于肯定句中；anywhere任何地方，常用于否定和疑问句中。someone某人，常用于肯定句中；anyone任何人，常用于否定和疑问句中；friendly友好的。因第一句为一般疑问句，故应用anywhere；形容词修饰复合不定代词时置其后，且第二句为肯定句，故用someone friendly。故选D。 一般过去时(复习) 1. 时态用法 (1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 Sandy ate a lot of fruit. Tom was in the library just now. (2) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 He was a doctor from 1995 to 1998. Zhang Peng walked to school last year. 2. 标志词 常用一般过去时的时间状语： (1) yesterday昨天, the day before yesterday前天 (2) 时间段+ago： three years ago三天前，a few minutes ago几分钟以前 (3) last+时间： last weekend上周末；last night昨天晚上；last Tuesday 上周二 (4) in +过去年份：in 1921 在1921年 (5) just now 刚才 3. 谓语动词结构 一般过去时的句子，谓语动词要用动词的过去式形式。 (1) 谓语动词是be动词，要将be动词变成其过去式形式was或were。 I was a teacher three years ago. Were they nurses? (2) 谓语动词是实义动词时，要将动词变成其过去式。实义动词的过去式，不再根据人称和单复数进行变化。 动词过去式的变化规则如下： 一般情况在词尾加-ed：look—looked; play—played; start—started 以-e 结尾，在词尾加-d：live—lived; hope—hoped; use—used 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i 再加-ed：study—studied; carry—carried; worry—worried 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed：stop—stopped; plan—planned 不规则变化：have—had; come—came; bring—brought; meet—met; run—ran; swim—swam; feel—felt; put—put; wear—wore; go—went; begin—began; make—made; do—did; sing—sang 不规则变化详见教材附录。 My father liked apples, but now he likes strawberries. We went on a trip to Mount Huangshan. 4. 各种句式 (1) 谓语动词是be动词 · 陈述句：主语+was/were(+not)+其他. David and Amy were not classmates. There was few water. So he poured some into the bottle. · 一般疑问句：Was/Were (not) +主语+其他？ Were you in Class Three last term? Was there anyone in the room just now? · 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were (not)+主语+其他？ Where were they yesterday ? What were on the table just now? (2) 谓语动词是实义动词动词 · 陈述句：主语+动词过去式+其他. 主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他. My dad liked watching movies. My dad didn’t like watching movies. · 一般疑问句：Did (not) +主语+实义动词原型+其他？ Did you buy anything special for you mum? · 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did (not)+主语+实义动词原型+其他？ Where did you go last weekend? What did you eat just now? [随学随练] 单项填空。 1) —I visited a museum last weekend. How about you? —I ________ apples on the farm. A．pick B．picked C．am picking D．will pick 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我上周末参观了一个博物馆。你呢？——我在农场摘了苹果。 考查动词时态。根据“I visited a museum last weekend. How about you?”可知，此处询问过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故选B。 2) Tom often ________ to school by bike, but he ________ a bus to school this morning. A．goes；takes B．went；took C．went；takes D．goes；took 【答案】D 【详解】句意：汤姆经常骑自行车去上学，但今天早上他乘公共汽车去上学。 考查动词时态。根据“often”可知，空一处时态为一般现在时，主语是三单，动词用三单goes；根据“this morning”可知，空二处时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式took。故选D。 3) ─Where ________ my new clothes? I can’t find them. ─I ________ them in your bedroom this afternoon. A．are; see B．are; saw C．were; saw D．were; see 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我的新衣服在哪？我找不到它们了。——我今天下午在你的卧室看到它们了。 考查一般过去时。根据后面的“my new clothes? I can’t find them”可知，时态是一般现在时，用are，排除C和D，由后面的“this afternoon”可知，第二个空是一般过去时，排除A，故选B。 4) As soon as he got home, he ________ his backpack on the floor and ________ down on the sofa. A．will lay, lie B．lied, laid C．laid, lay D．laid, lied 【答案】C 【详解】句意“他一到家，他就将书包放在地板上并躺在沙发上”。 lie译为撒谎时，过去式与过去分词分别为lied和lied；当lie译为“躺”时，过去式与过去分词为lay和lain；lay译为“放置”时，过去式与过去分词分别为laid, laid。根据空前got home可知，用一般过去时，排除A；第一空处译为“放”，用laid，第二空处译为“躺”，用lay，故选C。 5) —Tom didn’t join in the AI project discussion with us. —Although he ________ to join us before, he had to have a rest because of his illness. A．promises B．promised C．is promising D．will promise 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Tom没有和我们一起参加人工智能项目的讨论。——尽管他之前答应过要加入我们，但因为生病他不得不休息。 考查动词的时态。根据“Tom didn’t join...”及空后的“before”可知，此处指Tom之前答应了和我们一起参加讨论，应用一般过去时。故选B。 6) She often ________ after supper, but yesterday evening she ________ gifts in a shop. A．exercise；chose B．exercises；choosed C．exercises；chose D．exercise；choosed 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她经常晚饭后锻炼，但昨天晚上她在一家商店挑选礼物。 考查主谓一致和时态。第一空处时态为一般现在时，主语是She，谓语动词exercise用三单形式；第二空处时态为一般过去时，choose的过去式是chose。故选C。 7) At the end of the speech, the man ______ from his seat and ______ a difficult question. A．rose; raised B．raised; rose C．rose; raise D．raised; raised 【答案】A 【详解】句意：在演讲结束时，那个人从座位上站起来，提出了一个棘手的问题。 考查动词辨析和时态。riser上升，不及物动词，过去式是rose；raise提升，提出，及物动词，过去式是raised。根据“the man...from his seat”可知，他自己站起来，此空应用不及物动词，无需后接宾语；根据“a difficult question.”可知此处是宾语，故第二个空应用及物动词，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选A。 8) I went to England last year and I ________ something interesting with the English way of life. A．notice B．was noticing C．noticed D．will notice 【答案】C 【详解】句意：去年我去了英国，我注意到英国人的生活方式很有趣。 考查时态。根据“last year”可知此处描述去年发生的事情，用一般过去时。故选C。 9) —What did you do last Friday, Lingling? —I ________ the Badaling Great Wall with my teachers and classmates. A．climb B．climbed C．will climb D．was climbing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——玲玲，你上周五做了什么？——我和老师同学们爬了八达岭长城。 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“last Friday”可知，动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时。故选B。 10) She _________ her homework right now. She _________ it just now. A．isn’t doing; finished B．isn’t doing; finishes C．didn’t do; finished D．didn’t do; finishes 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她现在不在做作业。她刚刚做完了。 考查动词时态。根据时间状语right now“现在”可知第一空是现在进行时，结构为am/is/are doing，排除C和D选项；根据时间状语just now“刚才”可知第二空是一般过去时，用过去式。故选A。 语篇填空。 Tim is a little boy. He is only ten years old. But he 1 (like) travelling. He 2 (study) in a primary school now. Last summer vacation, he 3 (spend) his holiday with his parents. They went to a holiday resort (度假村). After they 4 (stop) the car there, they climbed the mountain first. It was a little cold on the mountain. Luckily, they 5 (take) their clothes with them. It didn’t take them a long time 6 (get) to the top, just half an hour. They had lunch on the top of the mountain. When they finished 7 (eat) food, it was two o’clock. At that time, they 8 (find) a small animal in the tree, but they didn’t know its name. Their parents were interested in it. After 9 (go) back to the resort, they relaxed and felt very happy. they enjoyed a big dinner. At about 8 o’clock, they played games. They really had so much fun there. They hope that they 10 (go) there again one day. Last week I 11 (have) a great vacation with my family. We had great fun 12 (play) in different places. On Monday, the weather 13 (be) sunny and hot. We 14 (go) to White Beach and swam in the water. On Tuesday, it was cloudy. We 15 (visit) two parks. We had a picnic there. On Wednesday and Thursday, it was rainy, we 16 (walk) in the city. We bought some clothes and 17 (eat) something nice. On Friday, the weather was cool. We went 18 (shop) in the supermarket. We 19 (be) very tired but felt very happy. I really 20 (enjoy) my vacation. How wonderful it was! 【答案】 1．likes 2．is studying 3．spent 4．stopped 5．took 6．to get 7．eating 8．found 9．going 10．can go/will go 11．had 12．playing 13．was 14．went 15．visited 16．walked 17．ate 18．shopping 19．were 20．enjoyed 【导语】本文主要讲述了蒂姆去年暑假和上周的度假经历。 1．句意：但是他喜欢旅行。主语是he，这里是陈述事实，所以用一般现在时，谓语动词用三单形式。故填likes。 2．句意：他现在在一所小学上学。根据“now”可知，时态用现在进行时（be doing），主语是he，be动词用is，study变成现在分词studying。故填is studying。 3．句意：去年暑假，他和父母一起度假。根据“Last summer vacation”可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式spent。故填spent。 4．句意：他们把车停在那里后，就先去爬山了。根据“ they climbed the mountain first”可知，时态是一般过去时，空处用过去式。故填stopped。 5．句意：幸运的是，他们随身带着衣服。讲述的是去年暑假的事情，所以空处动词用过去式，故填took。 6．句意：他们没有花很长时间就到达了山顶，只花了半个小时。此处是It took sb some time to do sth的否定句型，所以空处用动词不定式作主语。故填to get。 7．句意：他们吃完饭时已是两点钟了。finish doing sth“完成做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填eating。 8．句意：那时，他们在树上发现了一个小动物，但他们不知道它的名字。讲述的是去年暑假的事情，所以空处动词用过去式，故填found。 9．句意：回到度假村后，他们放松下来，感到非常高兴。介词after后跟动名词作宾语。故填going。 10．句意：他们希望有一天能再去那里。根据“hope that they ... there again one day.”可知，是希望有一天能再去，can“可以、能”，后跟动词原形；或用will+动词原形，表示未来想要做的事情。故填can/will go。 11．句意：上周我和家人度过了一个愉快的假期。根据“Last week”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填had。 12．句意：我们在不同的地方玩得很开心。have fun doing sth“做某事很愉快”，空处用动名词作宾语。故填playing。 13．句意：星期一，天气晴朗而炎热。讲述的是上周的事情，所以用一般过去时，主语是the weather，be动词用was。故填was。 14．句意：我们去了白沙滩，在水里游泳。讲述的是上周的事情，所以用一般过去时，空处用过去式。故填went。 15．句意：我们参观了两个公园。由swam可知，用一般过去时，空处用过去式。故填visited。 16．句意：星期三和星期四，天下雨了，我们在城里散步。由“ it was rainy”可知，用一般过去时，空处用过去式。故填walked。 17．句意：我们买了一些衣服，吃了一些好吃的东西。由bought 可知，用一般过去时，空处用过去式。故填ate。 18．句意：我们去超市购物了。go shopping“去购物”，固定短语。故填shopping。 19．句意：我们很累，但感到很高兴。由felt可知，用一般过去时，此处用过去式。主语是we，be动词用were。故填were。 20．句意：我真的很喜欢我的假期。根据“How wonderful it was!”可知，用一般过去时，空处用过去式。故填enjoyed。 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) Did you see ________ just now? A．something special B．strange special C．anything special D．special anything 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你刚才看到什么特别的东西了吗？ 考查复合不定代词的用法。根据固定用法，形容词修饰复合不定代词的时候，需要把形容词放在它们的后面，可以排除D选项；又根据anything一般用于否定句或者疑问句中，something用于肯定句中，结合此句是一般疑问句，所以此处填anything special，表示“你刚才看到什么特别的东西了吗？”。故选C。 (2) I am still feeling sleepy now. Can I have ________ cup of coffee? A．other B．others C．another D．the others 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我现在仍然感到困倦。我能再要一杯咖啡吗？ 考查代词辨析。other其他的，后接复数名词；others其他的，指不确定的剩余部分；another又一个，再一个，指不确定数目的另一个；the others特指其余的一些人或物。根据“I am still feeling sleepy now. ”可知，此处表达“想再要一杯咖啡”。故选C。 (3) —What are the twins doing now? —________ is sweeping the floor, ________ is making the bed. A．One; the other B．One; another C．Another; one D．The one; other 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这对双胞胎现在在做什么？——一个在扫地，另一个在铺床。 考查代词。One...the other...一个……另一个……；another（不确定数量）另一个；other其他的，后接复数名词。根据“the twins”可知，此处指的是“一个……另一个……”，故选A。 (4) The young man has ________ gold now, but he wants ________ more. A．a little, a few B．a little, much C．a few, a little D．a few, many 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这个年轻人现在有一点金子，但他想要更多。 考查代词的用法。a little一点，后面接不可数名词；a few少数，后面接复数名词；much很多，后面接不可数名词；many很多，后面接复数名词。句子中的gold是不可数名词，应用a little修饰，排除C和D，第二空是修饰比较级more，应用much，故选B。 (5) —Would you like ________ to eat, Sally? —No, thanks. I’m full now. A．else anything B．nothing else C．something else D．else something 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——Sally，你还想吃点别的吗？——不，谢谢。我现在饱了。 考查复合不定代词以及形容词的位置。anything任何事物；nothing没什么；something某物。形容词else修饰不定代词时，要放在其后，排除A和D选项。此句是表示请求的疑问句，应用something，故选C。 (6) Sam used to _________ games for fun, but now he wants to do _________. A．play; something different B．playing; something different C．play; different something D．playing: different something 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Sam过去玩游戏是为了好玩，但现在他想做些不同的事情。 考查动词短语及不定代词的用法。used to do sth.“过去常常做某事”；短语play games“玩游戏”；第一空用used to do sth.，排除BD；something“某些事情”，是不定代词，形容词修饰不定代词要后置，something different“一些不同的东西”，排除B，故选A。 (7) ________ she learn ________ when she was in Beijing last year? A．Did; anything B．Did; something C．Does; anything D．Does; something 【答案】A 【详解】句意：她去年在北京时学到了什么吗？ 考查助动词和不定代词。anything任何事物，常用在否定句或疑问句中；something某事物，常用在肯定句或希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。根据时间状语“last year”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，助动词用did；本句是疑问句，所以用anything，故选A。 (8) —What did you do during the past winter holiday? —I ______ with my parents and all of us had great fun. A．go somewhere interesting B．went somewhere interesting C．went interesting somewhere 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你在过去的寒假里做了什么？——我和父母一起去了一个有趣的地方，我们都玩得很开心。 考查时态和定语后置。根据“What did you...”可知句子用一般过去时，排除A；interesting修饰复合不定副词时，应后置，排除C。故选B。 (9) —Did you go out with your classmates during the summer vacation? —No,I didn’t. No one ________ here. Everyone ________ on vacation. A．is, is B．are, are C．was, was D．were, were 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——暑假期间你和同学出去了吗？——不，我没有。这里没人。每个人都在度假。 考查时态和主谓一致。根据“Did”可知，时态为一般过去时，排除AB选项；第一空主语“No one”为不定代词，be动词用was；第一空主语“Everyone”也是不定代词，be动词也用was。故选C。 (10) Listen! Someone ________ an English song now. A．sang B．are singing C．is singing D．sings 【答案】C 【详解】句意：听！现在有人正在唱英文歌。 考查现在进行时。根据“Listen!”可知句中sing这个动作正在进行，此句应用现在进行时，其结构为“am/is/are+doing”，主语Someone是不定代词，be动词用is。故选C。 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空或用适当的词填空是句意完整正确。 (1) 你假期去什么有趣的地方了吗? 【答案】Did you go anywhere interesting during your vacation/on vacation? (2) 你买任何特别的东西了吗？不，我什么也没买。 【答案】—Did you buy anything special? —No. I bought nothing. (3) 我刚刚遇见了一个很有趣的人。 【答案】I met someone interesting just now. (4) 保持健康对每一个人都很重要。 【答案】It is important for everyone to keep healthy. (5) 在过去，一些家庭养牛, 另一些家庭种植水稻。 【答案】In the past , some families raised cows and others grew rice. 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 补全对话 根据下面对话内容，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。 A: Hi, Li Feng. 1 B: Some of our friends came to visit us on May Day. We spent the holiday around Chongqing. A: That’s very nice. Did you have a good time? B: No. All I can remember is that people were everywhere! A: 2 B: Ciqikou, Liziba subway station and Yangtze River Cableway (长江索道). A: Oh, they are the most crowded places in Chongqing now. 3 B: Because these friends asked us to take them there. They said they became interested in these places because of Douyin. A: I heard that, too. It seems to be one of the reasons that Chongqing becomes more and more popular these years. B: I think so. You can’t imagine how many people we saw at Ciqikou! A: Sounds terrible! 4 B: Of course, we must take them to try hot pot (火锅). And they also enjoyed some snacks on the streets. A: I’m really happy to see so many people coming to Chongqing. B: 5 A．Me, too. B．Where did you go? C．Why did you go there? D．What did you do on May Day? E．What should I prepare for the trip? F．What are you going to do after the exams? G．Did you take them to eat something special? 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．G 5．A 【导语】本文是A、B两个人之间的对话。两人围绕着五一假期是如何度过的进行讨论。 1．根据“Some of our friends came to visit us on May Day”可知，此处询问五一假期活动。选项D“你五一做了什么？”与之相符。故选D。 2．根据“Ciqikou, Liziba subway station and Yangtze River Cableway”可知，此处是询问去了哪里。选项B“你们去了哪里？”与之相符。故选B。 3．根据“Because these friends asked us to take them there”可知，此处询问去这些地方的原因。选项C“为什么去那里？”与之相符。故选C。 4．根据“we must take them to try hot pot”可知，此处询问是否吃了特色食物。选项G“带他们吃特色食物了吗？”与之相符。故选G。 5．根据“I’m really happy to see...”可知，此处表示同样感受。选项A“我也是”与之相符。故选A。 2. 补全语篇 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整，一空一句。 The students in the United States think that the long summer holiday can be a great time to learn or to do some new things. 1 Taking time out The summer holiday can be a great time to do something for the next school year. You can have some time to think about your wish by yourself. 2 Being a volunteer (志愿者) Are you thinking about helping others? The summer holiday gives you time to do something for them. 3 You can also make new friends when working as a volunteer. Reading a lot Don’t let your brain (大脑) get lazy. 4 Visit the library or bookstore and find books that are interesting for you. You can learn a lot from books. Other things Think about other things you wish to do. Write a book? Study English? Get a part-time job? 5 Now it’s time to talk to your parents about your holiday plan. Then have a great summer holiday! A．Helping others can make you happy. B．Make a trip to some interesting places? C．That’s important for you. D．Parents need to make holiday plans for their children. E．You need to use your brain (大脑). F．Here are some ways for you to plan an interesting summer holiday. G．It’s lucky of you to help others on weekdays. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．A 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了如何计划一个有趣的暑假。 1．根据“The students in the United States think that the long summer holiday can be a great time to learn or to do some new things. ”及下文的介绍可知，此处是总体指出有一些方法可以让假期变得有趣，下文介绍具体的方法，横线处内容承上启下，选项F“这里有一些方法可以让你计划一个有趣的暑假。”符合语境，故选F。 2．根据“The summer holiday can be a great time to do something for the next school year. You can have some time to think about your wish. ”可知，此处介绍暑假时间是为下一个学年作准备的好时机，此处应进一步论证为什么这么做，选项C“这对你很重要。”符合语境，故选C。 3．根据“The summer holiday gives you time to do something for them.”以及“You can also...”可知，此处介绍暑假时间可以帮助别人，横线后介绍了帮助他人的第二个好处，所以横线处应该介绍帮助他人的第一个好处，选项A“帮助别人可以让你快乐。”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据“Don’t let your brain(大脑) get lazy.”可知，不要让你的大脑懒惰，选项E“你需要让你的大脑运转起来。”符合语境，故选E。 5．根据“Think about other things you wish to do. Write a book? Study English? Get a part-time job?”可知，此处与前面是相同的疑问句，且说的是暑假心愿建议，选项B“去一些有趣的地方旅行？”符合语境，故选B。 3. 语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的不定代词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 This vacation I did 1 very special. I visited a friend on her farm with my sisters. It’s only 3 kilometers from my home to the farm, so we 2 (go) there by bike. It was my first time to go there, so I was interested in 3 on the farm. In the morning, we 4 (ride) a horse and milked a cow. It was so much fun. In the afternoon, we 5 (pick) some strawberries. In the evening, there was 6 much to do but enjoy the full moon. Still no 7 felt bored. It was a really wonderful day! 8 had a great time. What about you? Did you do 9 fun this vacation? Did you go with 10 ? 【答案】 1．something 2．went 3．everything 4．rode 5．picked 6．nothing 7．one 8．Everyone/Everybody 9．anything 10．anyone/anybody 【导语】本文主要讲述了假期作者去农场拜访朋友，描述了在农场做的事。 1．句意：这个假期我做了一件很特别的事。根据下一句“I visited a friend on her farm with my sisters.”可知，我和姐姐们一起去农场拜访了一个朋友，可见这是一件很特别的事。something “某事”符合语境。故填something。 2．句意：从我家到农场只有3公里，所以我们骑自行车去了那里。根据前一句“I visited a friend on her farm with my sisters.”可知，时态为一般过去时。动词用过去式。go的过去式为went。故填went。 3．句意：这是我第一次去那里，所以我对农场里的一切都很感兴趣。根据“It was my first time to go there”可知，这是我第一次去农场那里，所以应该对农场的一切感兴趣。everything“所有事物”符合语境。故填everything。 4．句意：早上，我们骑马挤牛奶。根据“milked a cow”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。ride的过去式为rode。故填rode。 5．句意：下午，我们摘了一些草莓。本文讲述在农场做的事，所以时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。pick的过去式为picked。故填picked。 6．句意：晚上，除了欣赏满月，没有什么可做的。nothing much to do but do sth.意为“除了做某事没什么可做”。本句是指，除了欣赏满月没什么可做。故填nothing。 7．句意：仍然没有人感到无聊。根据下一句“It was a really wonderful day!”可知，这真是美妙的一天！所以没有人感到无聊。no one意为“没有人”。故填one。 8．句意：每个人都玩得很开心。根据前一句“It was a really wonderful day!”可知，这真是美妙的一天！所以可以推测，每个人过得很愉快。表达“每个人”用单词everyone 或everybody。故填Everyone/Everybody。 9．句意：这个假期你做了什么有趣的事吗？根据“Did you do…fun this vacation?”可知，本句是一般疑问句，意为“这个假期你做了有趣的……吗？”在疑问句中anything“任何事物，任何事情”符合语境。故填anything。 10．句意：你和谁一起去了吗？根据“Did you go with…”可知，是在问是否和某人一起去的。anyone“任何人”符合语境。故填anyone/anybody。 4. 完形填空 I’m Eric. Last year I had 1 enjoyable summer vacation. At first, I thought the vacation would be boring because I didn’t like the seaside (海边). I didn’t think there was 2 on the beach. But I wasn’t right. I went to the beach with my family 3 July 18th. We spent three weeks there! We stayed at a nice 4 . The rooms were all large and clean. The hotel was near the sea. It was great. We usually went back at night. I met some nice people. I spent most of my time with 5 . Soon we became good friends. We had 6 interesting activities. We swam in the sea, 7 volleyball on the beach and visited lots of fun places. The weather 8 fine. When I woke up in the morning, I could always see the blue sky and the sun, 9 it rained on the last day, the sun came out soon. I enjoyed this vacation and I decided 10 to the beach again next year. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．something interesting B．interesting something C．anything interesting D．interesting anything 3．A．on B．in C．at D．to 4．A．hill B．hills C．hotel D．hotels 5．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 6．A．much B．little C． a little D．quite a few 7．A．play B．are playing C．played D．will play 8．A．is B．was C．are D．were 9．A．Although B．Because C．If D．So 10．A．wait B．to wait C．go D．to go 【答案】 1．B 2．C 1．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者今年度过了一个难忘的暑假。 1．句意：去年，我度过了一个快乐的暑假。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词；the这个，一般指特指；/指不填。根据“...enjoyable summer vacation.”可知，空处表泛指，需不定冠词，enjoyable是以元音音素开头的单词，需冠词an。故选B。 2．句意：我认为海滩上没有什么有趣的事情。 something interesting一些有趣的事情，用于肯定句；interesting something错误表达；anything interesting一些有趣的事情，用于否定句；interesting anything错误表达。根据“I didn’t think”可知，本句为否定句，需anything，形容词修饰不定代词时，需置后。故选C。 3．句意：我在7月18日和我家人去海滩了。 on在具体某一天；in在年、月、四季等；at在几点；to到。根据“July 18th.”可知，7月18日为具体日期，需介词on。故选A。 4．句意：我们住在一个漂亮的宾馆。 hill山，名词单数；hills山，名词复数；hotel宾馆，名词单数；hotels宾馆，名词复数。根据“The hotel was near the sea.”可知，我们住在宾馆，冠词a后跟名词单数。故选C。 5．句意：我大部分时间与他们一起度过。 they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。根据“I met some nice people. I spent most of my time with...”可知，空处指“他们”，介词with后跟宾格。故选B。 6．句意：我们有一些相当多有趣的活动。 much多，修饰不可数名词；little少量，表否定，修饰不可数名词；a little一些，修饰不可数名词；quite a few相当多，修饰名词复数。根据“interesting activities.”可知，名词复数需quite a few来修饰。故选D。 7．句意：我们在大海里游泳、在海滩上打排球，参观了很多有趣的地方。 play玩，动词原形；are playing正在玩，用于现在进行时；played玩，动词过去式或过去分词；will play用于一般将来时。根据“swam”以及“and visited”可知，and连接并列成分，故空处也需动词过去式。故选C。 8．句意：天气很好。 is是，用于单数；was是，is/am的过去式；are是，用于复数；were是，are的过去式。本文是回忆暑假经历，故主体时态为一般过去时，The weather为不可数名词，be动词需was。故选B。 9．句意：当我早上醒来时，我总是能看到蓝天和太阳，尽管最后一天下雨了，太阳很快就出来了。 Although虽然；Because因为；If是否；So因此。根据空前后关系可知，空处表让步，需Although引导让步状语从句。故选A。 10．句意：我很享受这个假期，我决定明年再去海滩。 wait等待，动词原形；to wait动词不定式；go去，动词原形；to go动词原形。根据“...to the beach again next year.”可知，我决定明年再去海滩。decide to do sth.表示“决定做某事”，故空处需不定式to go。故选D。 5. 阅读理解 ①Paul Roberts, a 15-year-old boy, lives in New York. Like thousands of other American students, he usually goes away to a summer camp during the school holidays. ②These camps are just for middle school students, without their parents. and Paul always has a great time. But this summer he did something different—he went on an adventure (冒险) holiday in Hawaii. ③It was a camping holiday for three weeks in Hawaii, for kids from 14 to 18. He left on July 23rd and came back on August 12th. ④First, they put on backpacks and went hiking through the forest in Hawaii. The place was very beautiful, with huge waterfalls and wonderful beaches. After this five-day walk, they stayed for two days in a valley. The main activity here was surfing (冲浪). Paul didn’t know how to surf, but teachers taught him how to do it, and he really enjoyed this. ⑤Then the organizers (主办方) gave them mountain bikes and they went for long rides—about 30 miles a day, around one of Hawaii’s mountains. After that, they met a Hawaiian family and helped them plant fruit trees and vegetables on their farm. Finally, they went boating for three days by the sea, and had a chance to swim with dolphins and sea turtles. ⑥This isn’t a holiday for couch potatoes! There is no time for them to watch TV. And they can’t use the computer or pad during the three weeks. Of course, if you want to take part in the summer camp, you should know how to swim and ride a bike. 1．What cannot Paul do during the summer camp in Hawaii? A． B． C． 2．Which following sentence is TRUE according to the passage? A．Paul needs to learn surfing by himself. B．Paul will finish the camp on August 15th. C．Paul will spend 5 days walking in the forest. 3．Who may like this summer camp program in Hawaii best? A．Eric, a boy who loves doing sports and exciting things. B．Jim, a boy who likes camping with his parents very much. C．Jenny, a girl who likes watching TV and playing computer games. 4．A “couch potato” is ________ in the last paragraph. A．a special kind of fruit unique (特有的) to Hawaii B．a person who spends much time watching TV C．a person who doesn’t know how to swim or ride a bike 5．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤/⑥ B．①②③/④⑤/⑥ C．①/②③④/⑤⑥ 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文主要描述了Paul参加的一个在夏威夷的冒险假期活动，以及活动中包含的各种户外活动。 1．推理判断题。细节理解题。根据“There is no time for them to watch TV. And they can’t use the computer or pad during the three weeks”可知，Paul在夏令营期间不能使用电脑。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“After this five-day walk, they stayed for two days in a valley”可知，Paul将花5天在森林中徒步旅行。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“These camps are just for middle school students, without their parents. and Paul always has a great time. But this summer he did something different—he went on an adventure (冒险) holiday in Hawaii.”和“This isn’t a holiday for couch potatoes!”可知，喜欢运动和冒险的Eric更适合该夏令营。故选A。 4．词义理解题。根据“This isn’t a holiday for couch potatoes! There is no time for them to watch TV. And they can’t use the computer or pad during the three weeks.”可知，couch potato指的是那些长时间看电视的人。故选B。 5．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，①—③描述Paul和其他学生通常的暑期活动，引出下文话题；④⑤描述这次的冒险假期；⑥总结假期特点。故选B。 6. 任务型阅读 A I had a three-day summer camp with my classmates last year. Early in the morning, we gathered (集合) at the bus station. After saying goodbye to our parents, we got on the bus. It took us more than two hours to arrive at the campground. We got off the bus cheerfully, laughing and shouting. We jumped and ran all over the place. It was the first time for us to be away from our parents. Some of us started to feel homesick (想家的). However, when the night party began, the homesickness was gone! The next day, everybody rushed to the boating class, hoping to leave others behind. At first, my friends and I worked hard, but the boat wouldn’t listen to us and kept going round and round. Then the teacher taught us how to work together. After many tries, we did much better. 4. The swimming class was my favorite. It was about the hottest time of a day and the best time to stay in the cool water. The swimming teacher was a funny man and during the class he often made us laugh happily. During the camp 5. 我学到了一些新东西和交了许多新朋友。 I also learned how to take care of myself. 1．How many days did the writer and his classmates spend in the camp? 2．Whom did the students say goodbye to when they went to the campground by bus? 3．How did some of them feel at first because of being away from their parents? 4．将划线部分句子翻译成中文。 5．将划线部分句子翻译成英文。 【答案】1．Three days. 2．Their parents. 3．They felt homesick. 4．游泳课是我最爱的课。 5．I learnt something new and made many new friends. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章记叙了作者去年暑假和同学们一起参加夏令营的经历。 1．根据第一段第一句“I had a three-day summer camp with my classmates last year.”可知，假期夏令营有三天。故填Three days. 2．根据第二段第一句“After saying goodbye to our parents, we got on the bus.”可知，作者和同学们在车站与他们的父母说了再见。故填Their parents. 3．根据第三段第一句“It was the first time for us to be away from our parents. Some of us started to feel homesick.”可知，因为第一次离开父母，所以一些人开始想家了。故填They felt homesick. 4．句中的“The swimming class”是主语，意为“游泳课”；“was”是系动词；“my favorite”是表语，意为“我最喜欢的”。故填：游泳课是我最爱的课。 5．我：I；学到了：learnt；一些新的东西：something new；和：and；交了许多新朋友：made many new friends。故填I learnt something new and made many new friends. B On July 20th, 2021, Ben went to Qingdao, Shandong for the summer vacation with his parents. Ben was excited about the trip ① he hoped to see the beautiful sea very much. It was about 10:00 am when they arrived in Qingdao by bus on the first day. They found a hotel and had a short rest in their room first. After lunch, they decided to go to the beach. At about 5:00 p. m. they got to the beach. It was really hot and sunny. There were many people on the beach. Some talked to each other, some ② ball games, and others swam in the sea. Ben and his parents soon joined them. Ben’s parents spent much time playing beach volleyball. Ben enjoyed swimming in the sea. About two hours later, they went back to the hotel. They all felt very relaxed. On the second day, it rained all the day. Ben watched TV with his father in the hotel room. His mother went shopping by herself. On July 22nd, they went to Laoshan Mountain by bus in the morning. They climbed the mountain and took lots of photos. They took the bus back to the hotel at five in the afternoon. They were tired but very happy. On the morning of July 23rd, they left the hotel and took the bus home. 1．在文中①、② 两处填入一个恰当的词使其文意完整。 ① ② 2．在短文中找出与此句意义相同的句子。 On the first day, they took the bus and got to Qingdao by bus at about ten o’clock. 3．把短文中划线部分的句子翻译成汉语。 4．What did Ben’s parents do on the beach? 5．How did Ben’s families feel on the third day? 【答案】1． because played 2．It was about 10:00 am when they arrived in Qingdao by bus on the first day. 3．他们爬山并照了很多相。 4．They played beach volleyball./They spent much time playing beach volleyball . 5．They were tired but very happy./Tired but very happy./Very happy but tired. 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述本一家去青岛旅行的经过。 1．①根据“Ben was excited about the trip”和“ he hoped to see the beautiful sea very much.” 可知，本对这次旅行感到兴奋的原因是希望能看到美丽的海洋。因此，空处应填连词 because“因为”来衔接这两个句子，表达因果关系；根据“Some talked to each other, some…ball games, and others swam in the sea.” 可知，空处缺少一个动词，play ball games“玩球游戏”，由于句子时态为一般过去时，空处应填play的过去式形式played。故填because；played。 2．根据“On the first day, they took the bus and got to Qingdao by bus at about ten o’clock.”可知，该句的意思是：第一天，他们乘坐巴士到达青岛，大约在十点左右到达。短文中与其意义相同的句子是：It was about 10:00 am when they arrived in Qingdao by bus on the first day.“第一天他们乘坐巴士到达青岛时大约是上午十点钟。”。故填It was about 10:00 am when they arrived in Qingdao by bus on the first day. 3．They：他们；climbed the mountain：爬山；and并； took lots of photos照了很多相，lots of很多，是一个形容词短语，做定语修饰名词photos。故填：他们爬山并照了很多相。 4．根据“Ben’s parents spent much time playing beach volleyball. ”可知，在沙滩上，本的父母花了很多时间打沙滩排球。故填They played beach volleyball./They spent much time playing beach volleyball. 5．根据“They were tired but very happy.”可知，他们很累但是非常开心。故填They were tired but very happy./Tired but very happy./Very happy but tired. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Happy Holiday 核心知识点精讲精练 2 (Grammar) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Grammar 部分精讲本单元的重点语法，讲解部分配有随学随练。 · Grammar 部分还设置了单元语法基础练习和单元语法提升练习，有单项填空、翻译句子、语篇填空、补全对话、完形填空、阅读理解等丰富多样的习题帮助学生更好地学习并掌握单元语法知识。 1、 单元语法解析 不定代词 不明确指定代替任何特定的名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。 1. 普通不定代词 (1) some与any · some和any既可以代替或修饰可数名词，也可以代替或修饰不可数名词，表示“一些”。 There are some apples. We have some water. · some常用于肯定句；any用于否定句，疑问句等。 I have some grapes. Do you have any pencils? They don’t have any money. · 在希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中用some。 Would you like to have some bread? I’m thirsty. Can I have some water? · any也可以用于肯定句，表示“任何，任一”。 I have some toys. You can take any one. [随学随练] 1) —Would you like ________ tea? —No, I don’t like ________ tea, but I would like ________ cakes. A．any, any, some B．some, any, any C．some, any, some 2) We don’t have ________ bread. We need to buy ________. A．some; any B．any; some C．many; any 3) —Mum, I don’t have ________ pocket money now. Could I have ________? —Sure. I’ll be back in a minute. A．some; any B．some; some C．any; any D．any; some 4) —Is there ________ chicken in the fridge? —No, but there’s ________ beef in it. A．some; any B．some; some C．any; any D．any; some (2) many 与much 这两个词都表示“很多”。many修饰或代替可数名词复数；much修饰或代替不可数名词。 There used to be many trees along the river bank. He spent too much time on computer games. [随学随练] 1) He is a man with ________ and he has ________ interesting ________ in his life. A．much experience; a lot of; experience B．many experiences; much; experience C．many experience; much; experience D．much experience; a lot of; experiences 2) I love drinking juice in summer, but my mum says that’s not good to drink ________ of it. A．too many B．too much C．much too D．many too 3) There________ too________ water in the cloud and it began to rain soon. A．is; much B．was; many C．was; much D．is; many 4) He can speak ________ French, but not ________. A．some, much B．any, much C．much, many D．many, any (3) few / a few / little / a little 用法区别 可数名词复数 不可数名词 肯定含义 a few a little 否定含义 few little · few/a few修饰或代替可数名词复数；little/a little修饰或代替不可数名词。 There are a few balls on the ground. Don’t hurry. There is still a little time left. · a few/a little表示肯定含义，常译为“一些”；few/little表示否定含义，常译为“几乎没有，很少”。 He ate a few eggs and noodles. He isn’t angry now. We have little milk. We need to buy some. [随学随练] 1) Hurry up! There is ________ time left. We must set out now. A．few B．little C．a few D．a little 2) The talk show was so boring that ______ students paid attention to it. A．little B．a little C．few D．a few 3) There are _________ tomatoes, but there is _________ milk in the fridge. Let’s buy some. A．few; little B．a little; little C．a few; little D．a few; few 4) I’m new here, so I have ________ good friends. I want to spend ________ time making some good ones. A．a few; a little B．a little; a few C．few; a little D．few; little (4) one/the one/the ones/it · one指代前面提到的单数可数名词，表示泛指，是同类事物但不是前文提到的同一个事物。 one可以指代前文提到的复数名词中的一个。 They are selling their house to move to a smaller one. There are many nice bowls in the supermarkets. Let’s go and buy one. · the one指代前面提到的单数可数名词；the ones指代前面提到的复数可数名词。 I see a blue ball. But it isn’t the one I lost yesterday. The yellow shoes are so small so I take the green ones. · one与it区别 one是泛指，it是特指，即指代的就是前文中提到的同一个事物。 Linda has a blue watch. She bought it last weekend. And I bought a yellow one. [随学随练] 1) —These spaceship models look so amazing! —You can pick ________ if you like. I have collected them for long. A．it B．one C．this D．that 2) —Tom, I lost my pencil and I couldn’t find ________. —There are many pencils in that box. Just take ________. A．it; it B．it; one C．one; it 3) —What do you think of these cars made in Japan? —Actually I prefer (更喜欢)_________ made in Germany even though they cost more. A．the ones B．that C．ones D．the those (5) other/ the other/ others/ the others/ another/ else · “other+复数名词”泛指“其他的人或物”，并不有意强调全部，也可用others。 Some people like tea; others prefer coffee.  · “the other+复数名词”表示“其余的全部...”,表示特指，也可用the others。 At the river, the ugly duckling swam well, just like all the other ducklings. · the other表示“两者中的另一个”，常出现在“one...the other...”结构中，用于总数只有两个的情况。 On the other side of the street, there are many trees. · another表示三者或三者以上中的另一个，修饰或代替单数可数名词。another还可以表示“再，又”。 Please give me another cup of coffee. We need another two minutes. (我们还需要两分钟。 another two minutes =two more minutes) · else表示“其他的”，只能用于复合不定代词或疑问词后。 What else do you need? Did you meet anyone else? [随学随练] 1) Joe has to wait for ________ two weeks for his new smartphone. A．other B．the other C．others D．another 2) I feel good about helping ________ people. A．another B．the other C．others D．other 3) Mum, I can’t find my ________ shoe. Where is it? A．other B．another C．the other D．the others 4) —What ________ do you know? —Oh, two persons won the first prize. One is a nurse, ________ is a worker. A．another; others B．other; the other C．else; the other D．else; the others 5) When you go to __________ country, remember to be friendly to _________. A．other; other B．another; others C．other; the others D．another; the others 6) You may keep that bike for ________ three days, but you can’t lend it to ________. A．another, others B．the others, others C．another, the others D．other, other 2. 复合不定代词 (1) 复合不定代词的构成 复合不定代词是由some, any, no, every加上-body, -one, -thing构成的不定代词。 some- any- no- every- -one someone anyone no one everyone -thing something anything nothing everything -where somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere -body somebody anybody nobody everybody 注意：no one要分开写。 (2) 复合不定代词含义 some-类与any-类复合不定代词用法与some / any用法类似。 · some-类常用于肯定句，表示“某个...”。someone/somebody表示“某人”；something表示“某事，某物”；somewhere表示“某地”。 Someone is waiting for you. I bought something special in Hong Kong. · any-类常用于否定句或疑问句，表示“某个...”。anyone/anybody表示“某人”;anything表示“某事，某物”；anywhere表示“某地”。 We didn’t go anywhere last Sunday. Did you met anyone interesting in Shanghai? · no-类复合不定代词表示否定含义。no one/ nobody表示“没有人”; nothing表示“没有任何东西，没有事”;nowhere表示“没有地方”。 No one here doesn’t like the park. Nothing can stop him learn to play basketball. · every-类复合不定代词表示“每一，所有”的含义。everyone/everybody表示“每个人，所有人”;everything表示“所有事物，一切”;everywhere表示“到处，所有地方”。 Everything in his room is in good order. We'll have to eat here─ everywhere else is full. [随学随练] 1) —________ came to see you just now. Where have you been? —Sorry, I have been to the library. Who can it be? A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Everybody D．Nobody 2) —Did ________ go with you to the 7th China-South Asia Expo (南博会) in Kunming? —Yes. I went there with my parents. A．somewhere B．anyone C．something D．anything 3) We are sure we will win the basketball match and ________ can beat us. A．everybody B．somebody C．anybody D．nobody 4) —Mum, I have ______ important to tell you. —What’s wrong? A．nothing B．anything     C．something D．everything 5) The story of Yu Gong tells us that ______ is impossible (不可能的) if we never give up. A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything (3) 复合不定代词的用法说明 · 复合不定代词充当主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 Everyone wants to have a long holiday. Someone is taking in the room. · 有定语修饰复合不定代词时，定语要后置，放在复合不定代词的后面。 There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper. He went somewhere warm during the holiday. · every-类复合不定代词用于否定时是半否定；全部否定要用no-类复合不定代词。 Not everyone likes the book.(并不是每个人都喜欢这本书。) No one likes the book. (没有人喜欢这本书/所有人都不喜欢这本书。) · everyone与every one everyone只用来指人，后不可跟of；every one可以指人，也可以指物，后面可以跟of。 Everyone likes his performance. Every one of the children likes his performance. [随学随练] 1) Everything ______ fine with us in the first three days but later something went wrong. A．is B．are C．was D．were 2) We all tried Beijing fermented mung bean juice (豆汁), but not ________ liked it. A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 3) —Where are you going for your holiday? —I’m going ________ because it’s too cold here. A．somewhere warm B．everywhere warm C．warm somewhere D．warm everywhere 4) There isn’t ________ in today’s newspaper. I want to watch TV instead. A．anything new B．new anything C．something new D．new something 5) —Did you go ________ last weekend? —Yes. I also met ________ there. A．somewhere; someone friendly B．anywhere; friendly someone C．somewhere; anyone friendly D．anywhere; someone friendly 一般过去时(复习) 1. 时态用法 (1) 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 Sandy ate a lot of fruit. Tom was in the library just now. (2) 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 He was a doctor from 1995 to 1998. Zhang Peng walked to school last year. 2. 标志词 常用一般过去时的时间状语： (1) yesterday昨天, the day before yesterday前天 (2) 时间段+ago： three years ago三天前，a few minutes ago几分钟以前 (3) last+时间： last weekend上周末；last night昨天晚上；last Tuesday 上周二 (4) in +过去年份：in 1921 在1921年 (5) just now 刚才 3. 谓语动词结构 一般过去时的句子，谓语动词要用动词的过去式形式。 (1) 谓语动词是be动词，要将be动词变成其过去式形式was或were。 I was a teacher three years ago. Were they nurses? (2) 谓语动词是实义动词时，要将动词变成其过去式。实义动词的过去式，不再根据人称和单复数进行变化。 动词过去式的变化规则如下： 一般情况在词尾加-ed：look—looked; play—played; start—started 以-e 结尾，在词尾加-d：live—lived; hope—hoped; use—used 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变 y 为 i 再加-ed：study—studied; carry—carried; worry—worried 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed：stop—stopped; plan—planned 不规则变化：have—had; come—came; bring—brought; meet—met; run—ran; swim—swam; feel—felt; put—put; wear—wore; go—went; begin—began; make—made; do—did; sing—sang 不规则变化详见教材附录。 My father liked apples, but now he likes strawberries. We went on a trip to Mount Huangshan. 4. 各种句式 (1) 谓语动词是be动词 · 陈述句：主语+was/were(+not)+其他. David and Amy were not classmates. There was few water. So he poured some into the bottle. · 一般疑问句：Was/Were (not) +主语+其他？ Were you in Class Three last term? Was there anyone in the room just now? · 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+was/were (not)+主语+其他？ Where were they yesterday ? What were on the table just now? (2) 谓语动词是实义动词动词 · 陈述句：主语+动词过去式+其他. 主语+didn’t+动词原形+其他. My dad liked watching movies. My dad didn’t like watching movies. · 一般疑问句：Did (not) +主语+实义动词原型+其他？ Did you buy anything special for you mum? · 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+did (not)+主语+实义动词原型+其他？ Where did you go last weekend? What did you eat just now? [随学随练] 单项填空。 1) —I visited a museum last weekend. How about you? —I ________ apples on the farm. A．pick B．picked C．am picking D．will pick 2) Tom often ________ to school by bike, but he ________ a bus to school this morning. A．goes；takes B．went；took C．went；takes D．goes；took 3) ─Where ________ my new clothes? I can’t find them. ─I ________ them in your bedroom this afternoon. A．are; see B．are; saw C．were; saw D．were; see 4) As soon as he got home, he ________ his backpack on the floor and ________ down on the sofa. A．will lay, lie B．lied, laid C．laid, lay D．laid, lied 5) —Tom didn’t join in the AI project discussion with us. —Although he ________ to join us before, he had to have a rest because of his illness. A．promises B．promised C．is promising D．will promise 6) She often ________ after supper, but yesterday evening she ________ gifts in a shop. A．exercise；chose B．exercises；choosed C．exercises；chose D．exercise；choosed 7) At the end of the speech, the man ______ from his seat and ______ a difficult question. A．rose; raised B．raised; rose C．rose; raise D．raised; raised 8) I went to England last year and I ________ something interesting with the English way of life. A．notice B．was noticing C．noticed D．will notice 9) —What did you do last Friday, Lingling? —I ________ the Badaling Great Wall with my teachers and classmates. A．climb B．climbed C．will climb D．was climbing 10) She _________ her homework right now. She _________ it just now. A．isn’t doing; finished B．isn’t doing; finishes C．didn’t do; finished D．didn’t do; finishes 语篇填空。 Tim is a little boy. He is only ten years old. But he 1 (like) travelling. He 2 (study) in a primary school now. Last summer vacation, he 3 (spend) his holiday with his parents. They went to a holiday resort (度假村). After they 4 (stop) the car there, they climbed the mountain first. It was a little cold on the mountain. Luckily, they 5 (take) their clothes with them. It didn’t take them a long time 6 (get) to the top, just half an hour. They had lunch on the top of the mountain. When they finished 7 (eat) food, it was two o’clock. At that time, they 8 (find) a small animal in the tree, but they didn’t know its name. Their parents were interested in it. After 9 (go) back to the resort, they relaxed and felt very happy. they enjoyed a big dinner. At about 8 o’clock, they played games. They really had so much fun there. They hope that they 10 (go) there again one day. Last week I 11 (have) a great vacation with my family. We had great fun 12 (play) in different places. On Monday, the weather 13 (be) sunny and hot. We 14 (go) to White Beach and swam in the water. On Tuesday, it was cloudy. We 15 (visit) two parks. We had a picnic there. On Wednesday and Thursday, it was rainy, we 16 (walk) in the city. We bought some clothes and 17 (eat) something nice. On Friday, the weather was cool. We went 18 (shop) in the supermarket. We 19 (be) very tired but felt very happy. I really 20 (enjoy) my vacation. How wonderful it was! 2、 单元语法基础练习 1. 单项填空 (1) Did you see ________ just now? A．something special B．strange special C．anything special D．special anything (2) I am still feeling sleepy now. Can I have ________ cup of coffee? A．other B．others C．another D．the others (3) —What are the twins doing now? —________ is sweeping the floor, ________ is making the bed. A．One; the other B．One; another C．Another; one D．The one; other (4) The young man has ________ gold now, but he wants ________ more. A．a little, a few B．a little, much C．a few, a little D．a few, many (5) —Would you like ________ to eat, Sally? —No, thanks. I’m full now. A．else anything B．nothing else C．something else D．else something (6) Sam used to _________ games for fun, but now he wants to do _________. A．play; something different B．playing; something different C．play; different something D．playing: different something (7) ________ she learn ________ when she was in Beijing last year? A．Did; anything B．Did; something C．Does; anything D．Does; something (8) —What did you do during the past winter holiday? —I ______ with my parents and all of us had great fun. A．go somewhere interesting B．went somewhere interesting C．went interesting somewhere (9) —Did you go out with your classmates during the summer vacation? —No,I didn’t. No one ________ here. Everyone ________ on vacation. A．is, is B．are, are C．was, was D．were, were (10) Listen! Someone ________ an English song now. A．sang B．are singing C．is singing D．sings 2. 用所给词的适当形式填空或用适当的词填空是句意完整正确。 (1) 你假期去什么有趣的地方了吗? (2) 你买任何特别的东西了吗？不，我什么也没买。 (3) 我刚刚遇见了一个很有趣的人。 (4) 保持健康对每一个人都很重要。 (5) 在过去，一些家庭养牛, 另一些家庭种植水稻。 3、 单元语法提升练习 1. 补全对话 根据下面对话内容，选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有两个为多余选项。 A: Hi, Li Feng. 1 B: Some of our friends came to visit us on May Day. We spent the holiday around Chongqing. A: That’s very nice. Did you have a good time? B: No. All I can remember is that people were everywhere! A: 2 B: Ciqikou, Liziba subway station and Yangtze River Cableway (长江索道). A: Oh, they are the most crowded places in Chongqing now. 3 B: Because these friends asked us to take them there. They said they became interested in these places because of Douyin. A: I heard that, too. It seems to be one of the reasons that Chongqing becomes more and more popular these years. B: I think so. You can’t imagine how many people we saw at Ciqikou! A: Sounds terrible! 4 B: Of course, we must take them to try hot pot (火锅). And they also enjoyed some snacks on the streets. A: I’m really happy to see so many people coming to Chongqing. B: 5 A．Me, too. B．Where did you go? C．Why did you go there? D．What did you do on May Day? E．What should I prepare for the trip? F．What are you going to do after the exams? G．Did you take them to eat something special? 2. 补全语篇 请先阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后根据短文内容从下面的七个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文意思通顺、结构完整，一空一句。 The students in the United States think that the long summer holiday can be a great time to learn or to do some new things. 1 Taking time out The summer holiday can be a great time to do something for the next school year. You can have some time to think about your wish by yourself. 2 Being a volunteer (志愿者) Are you thinking about helping others? The summer holiday gives you time to do something for them. 3 You can also make new friends when working as a volunteer. Reading a lot Don’t let your brain (大脑) get lazy. 4 Visit the library or bookstore and find books that are interesting for you. You can learn a lot from books. Other things Think about other things you wish to do. Write a book? Study English? Get a part-time job? 5 Now it’s time to talk to your parents about your holiday plan. Then have a great summer holiday! A．Helping others can make you happy. B．Make a trip to some interesting places? C．That’s important for you. D．Parents need to make holiday plans for their children. E．You need to use your brain (大脑). F．Here are some ways for you to plan an interesting summer holiday. G．It’s lucky of you to help others on weekdays. 3. 语篇填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的不定代词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 This vacation I did 1 very special. I visited a friend on her farm with my sisters. It’s only 3 kilometers from my home to the farm, so we 2 (go) there by bike. It was my first time to go there, so I was interested in 3 on the farm. In the morning, we 4 (ride) a horse and milked a cow. It was so much fun. In the afternoon, we 5 (pick) some strawberries. In the evening, there was 6 much to do but enjoy the full moon. Still no 7 felt bored. It was a really wonderful day! 8 had a great time. What about you? Did you do 9 fun this vacation? Did you go with 10 ? 4. 完形填空 I’m Eric. Last year I had 1 enjoyable summer vacation. At first, I thought the vacation would be boring because I didn’t like the seaside (海边). I didn’t think there was 2 on the beach. But I wasn’t right. I went to the beach with my family 3 July 18th. We spent three weeks there! We stayed at a nice 4 . The rooms were all large and clean. The hotel was near the sea. It was great. We usually went back at night. I met some nice people. I spent most of my time with 5 . Soon we became good friends. We had 6 interesting activities. We swam in the sea, 7 volleyball on the beach and visited lots of fun places. The weather 8 fine. When I woke up in the morning, I could always see the blue sky and the sun, 9 it rained on the last day, the sun came out soon. I enjoyed this vacation and I decided 10 to the beach again next year. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．something interesting B．interesting something C．anything interesting D．interesting anything 3．A．on B．in C．at D．to 4．A．hill B．hills C．hotel D．hotels 5．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs 6．A．much B．little C． a little D．quite a few 7．A．play B．are playing C．played D．will play 8．A．is B．was C．are D．were 9．A．Although B．Because C．If D．So 10．A．wait B．to wait C．go D．to go 5. 阅读理解 ①Paul Roberts, a 15-year-old boy, lives in New York. Like thousands of other American students, he usually goes away to a summer camp during the school holidays. ②These camps are just for middle school students, without their parents. and Paul always has a great time. But this summer he did something different—he went on an adventure (冒险) holiday in Hawaii. ③It was a camping holiday for three weeks in Hawaii, for kids from 14 to 18. He left on July 23rd and came back on August 12th. ④First, they put on backpacks and went hiking through the forest in Hawaii. The place was very beautiful, with huge waterfalls and wonderful beaches. After this five-day walk, they stayed for two days in a valley. The main activity here was surfing (冲浪). Paul didn’t know how to surf, but teachers taught him how to do it, and he really enjoyed this. ⑤Then the organizers (主办方) gave them mountain bikes and they went for long rides—about 30 miles a day, around one of Hawaii’s mountains. After that, they met a Hawaiian family and helped them plant fruit trees and vegetables on their farm. Finally, they went boating for three days by the sea, and had a chance to swim with dolphins and sea turtles. ⑥This isn’t a holiday for couch potatoes! There is no time for them to watch TV. And they can’t use the computer or pad during the three weeks. Of course, if you want to take part in the summer camp, you should know how to swim and ride a bike. 1．What cannot Paul do during the summer camp in Hawaii? A． B． C． 2．Which following sentence is TRUE according to the passage? A．Paul needs to learn surfing by himself. B．Paul will finish the camp on August 15th. C．Paul will spend 5 days walking in the forest. 3．Who may like this summer camp program in Hawaii best? A．Eric, a boy who loves doing sports and exciting things. B．Jim, a boy who likes camping with his parents very much. C．Jenny, a girl who likes watching TV and playing computer games. 4．A “couch potato” is ________ in the last paragraph. A．a special kind of fruit unique (特有的) to Hawaii B．a person who spends much time watching TV C．a person who doesn’t know how to swim or ride a bike 5．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①/②③④⑤/⑥ B．①②③/④⑤/⑥ C．①/②③④/⑤⑥ 6. 任务型阅读 A I had a three-day summer camp with my classmates last year. Early in the morning, we gathered (集合) at the bus station. After saying goodbye to our parents, we got on the bus. It took us more than two hours to arrive at the campground. We got off the bus cheerfully, laughing and shouting. We jumped and ran all over the place. It was the first time for us to be away from our parents. Some of us started to feel homesick (想家的). However, when the night party began, the homesickness was gone! The next day, everybody rushed to the boating class, hoping to leave others behind. At first, my friends and I worked hard, but the boat wouldn’t listen to us and kept going round and round. Then the teacher taught us how to work together. After many tries, we did much better. 4. The swimming class was my favorite. It was about the hottest time of a day and the best time to stay in the cool water. The swimming teacher was a funny man and during the class he often made us laugh happily. During the camp 5. 我学到了一些新东西和交了许多新朋友。 I also learned how to take care of myself. 1．How many days did the writer and his classmates spend in the camp? 2．Whom did the students say goodbye to when they went to the campground by bus? 3．How did some of them feel at first because of being away from their parents? 4．将划线部分句子翻译成中文。 5．将划线部分句子翻译成英文。 B On July 20th, 2021, Ben went to Qingdao, Shandong for the summer vacation with his parents. Ben was excited about the trip ① he hoped to see the beautiful sea very much. It was about 10:00 am when they arrived in Qingdao by bus on the first day. They found a hotel and had a short rest in their room first. After lunch, they decided to go to the beach. At about 5:00 p. m. they got to the beach. It was really hot and sunny. There were many people on the beach. Some talked to each other, some ② ball games, and others swam in the sea. Ben and his parents soon joined them. Ben’s parents spent much time playing beach volleyball. Ben enjoyed swimming in the sea. About two hours later, they went back to the hotel. They all felt very relaxed. On the second day, it rained all the day. Ben watched TV with his father in the hotel room. His mother went shopping by herself. On July 22nd, they went to Laoshan Mountain by bus in the morning. They climbed the mountain and took lots of photos. They took the bus back to the hotel at five in the afternoon. They were tired but very happy. On the morning of July 23rd, they left the hotel and took the bus home. 1．在文中①、② 两处填入一个恰当的词使其文意完整。 ① ② 2．在短文中找出与此句意义相同的句子。 On the first day, they took the bus and got to Qingdao by bus at about ten o’clock. 3．把短文中划线部分的句子翻译成汉语。 4．What did Ben’s parents do on the beach? 5．How did Ben’s families feel on the third day? 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$