精品解析：天津市红桥区天津市第五中学2024-2025学年高二下学期5月月考英语试题

英语学科 第Ⅰ卷 选择题 第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 1. — What did you do last night? We had a wonderful party. — ________. If you had called me, I wouldn’t have missed it. A. How come? B. What a shame! C. Who cares? D. How dare you! 2. Mr King is one of the most excellent volleyball coaches in the world, and the players believe they can ________ him to train the team well. A. bank on B. concentrate on C. respond to D. contribute to 3. There is no doubt that our country has the ________ to achieve fast development and make great contributions to the world. A. demand B. frontier C. evaluation D. capacity 4. The reason why Peter was so ________ to get a part-time job was that he was in great need of money to support himself through college. A. reluctant B. desperate C. consistent D. thorough 5. Sea ice affects Arctic communities and wildlife, and it helps ________ the planet’s temperature by influencing the flow of the atmosphere and the ocean. A. regulate B. explore C. reject D. withdraw 6. Though Jack has some job offers ________ , he still plans to go abroad for further study. A. in vain B. in contrast C. on no account D. on the horizon 7. — David, I’m really sorry I’ve lost your basketball. I reckon I should pay you for it. —Oh,________ . It’s just an old ball anyway. A. take your time B. no comment C. forget it D. by no means 8. Mrs Brown made her classroom a place ________ all of her students feel at ease without any feelings of nervousness. A. that B. when C. which D. where 9. In northern China, making dumplings during the Spring Festival is a family activity with every family member, from the youngest to the oldest, ________ in to help. A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined 10. ________we care about most is whether the old people have all the basic necessities of life before the bitter winter comes. A. Which B. What C. Whether D. How 11. Get involved in physical activities and never eat after 9 p.m. ________ what you eat turns to extra fat. A. even if B. so that C. in case D. as if 12. Up to now, large quantities of money ________ on the construction of the high-speed railway, which will help save travelers much time when completed. A. is being spent B. are being spent C. has been spent D. have been spent 13. No matter how I try, my computer ________ start, so I think I need to have it examined. A. won’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 14. We have various summer camps for your holidays, and you can choose ________ based on your own interests. A. either B. each C. one D. it 15. Today we can contact each other anytime and anywhere through the Internet, but we seem ________ the art of face-to-face communication. A. losing B. to be losing C. to be lost D. having lost 第二节：完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) For tonight’s party, we’d been asked to bring dessert. Our host understandably expected it to be ____16____, given that my husband Julian was a great chef. But as we were traveling out, in anticipation of our quick turnaround time, he’d asked Izzy, our 13-year-old daughter, to ____17____ it — a cherry pie. We arrived home hurriedly and saw the pie. “She’s actually made it!” I was ____18____ “That’s so lovely.” What a ____19____ daughter we have! We peeled back the tinfoil (锡纸) in our moment of pride, excited to ____20____ Izzy’s creation. What we revealed, ____21____, was a sad, sunken, ugly pie. The cherries were positioned ____22____. Julian said, “It’s too late to make a new one; we really need to ____23____ now.” Arriving late wasn’t a good ____24____. We arrived on time. I felt ____25____ and worried when the pie, covered appropriately, was handed in to the host, who received it with ____26____. As we shifted into the evening and met with those wonderful guests, we ____27____ about the sad pie. But when the pie was served on the table, Julian and I subtly ____28____ an anxious look. And then we came to our____29____. “We were out, so our daughter made this recipe for the first time,” said Julian with a(n) ____30____ tone. To our ____31____, the guests responded with understanding and curiosity. “Oh, that’s ____32____!” some of them remarked, as the pie was slowly sliced with a knife. As the pie was plated before us, I ____33____ and put a forkful of it in my mouth. It was delicious! “This is amazing!” our host shared. “Give Izzy our ____34____.” It was at that moment that I realized joy can be difficult to find, but it can be easy to access as long as we treat people with generosity and ____35____. 16. A. juicy B. delicious C. fresh D. sweet 17. A. fetch B. buy C. present D. prepare 18. A. upset B. curious C. delighted D. inspired 19. A. diligent B. patient C. humble D. capable 20. A. support B. examine C. witness D. taste 21. A. moreover B. however C. therefore D. then 22. A. unevenly B. appropriately C. differently D. regularly 23. A. move out B. look out C. give out D. set out 24. A. chance B. result C. option D. intention 25. A. ridiculous B. awkward C. strange D. scared 26. A. enthusiasm B. effort C. relief D. pride 27. A. thought B. argued C. discussed D. forgot 28. A. kept B. changed C. exchanged D. withdrew 29. A. sense B. defense C. attention D. rescue 30. A. embarrassed B. proud C. relaxed D. dry 31. A. surprise B. disappointment C. regret D. satisfaction 32. A. tough B. creative C. ordinary D. lovely 33. A. sighed B. smiled C. apologized D. laughed 34. A. thanks B. secrets C. requests D. suggestions 35. A. respect B. confidence C. appreciation D. sympathy 第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分) A Téa Obreht’s Favorite Novels Téa Obreht’s new novel, Inland, tells the stories of an outlaw crossing the American West and a homesteader awaiting the return of her husband. Below, she recommends other novels shaped by place. The Meadow James Galvin (1992). Galvin narrows his novel’s focus to a river in south-eastern Wyoming, the site of three generations’ struggle and achievements. “I often find myself reading each sentence twice, just to enjoy the unexpected twists of Galvin’s prose (散文). ” What Is Not Yours Is Not Yours Helen Oyeyemi (2016). Everything about this story collection delights and puzzles the soul, in a way of experiencing the terrifying fairy tale for the first time. Each story feels like working around you in a kind of harmony you can’t even begin to comprehend until the final line. Orange World Karen Russell (2019). “Every new book of Russell’s instantly takes its previous book’s place as my favorite.” Place, in each of these time-jumping, world-warping stories — which unfold a map of place both real and imagined — provides physical, social, and emotional pressures on both character and reader. The Bluest Eye Toni Morrison (1970). “Morrison’s novel remains my favorite, possibly owing to the particular feelings produced by its place and personhood, and its suggestion that how you experience the world is governed by age, race, and whether or not one grows up loved.” 36. What do the four novels have in common? A. They have similar plots. B. They are shaped by place. C. They have the same background. D. They are written by Téa Obreht. 37. Which of the statements is true about What Is Not Yours Is Not Yours? A. It fills the reader’s heart with terror. B. It’s a story collection without harmony in each story. C. It’s a prose authored by Helen Oyeyemi. D. The harmony in it can not be understood until the end. 38. How does Téa Obreht evaluate Karen Russell and her Orange World ? A. It takes on a dynamic and mysterious atmosphere. B. The reader feels their pressures taken off when they read it. C. Téa always likes Karen’s new book better than her previous one. D. It presents social conflicts in different times and worlds. 39. What do you know about The Bluest Eye from the last paragraph? A. Its place and personhood impress Téa Obreht a lot. B. It advocates ecological balance in nature. C. It suggests a connection between love and success. D. Age and gender impact how you experience the world. B I’ve worked in the factories surrounding my hometown every summer since I graduated from high school. But making the transition between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier. For a student like me who considers any class before noon to be uncivilized, getting to a factory by 6 o’clock each morning is torture. My friends never seem to understand why I’m so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation. There are few people as self-confident as a college student who has never been out in the real world. People of my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge. In fact, all the classes did not prepare me for my battles with the machine I ran in the plant, which would jam whenever I absent-mindedly put in a part backward or upside down. The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear overnight. Issues like downsizing and overseas relocation had always seemed distant to me until my co-workers told me that the unit I was working in would shut down within six months and move to Mexico where people would work for 60 cents an hour. After working 12-hour shifts in a factory, the other options have become only too clear. When I’m back at the university, skipping classes and turning in lazy re-writes seems too irresponsible after seeing what I would be doing without school. All the advice and public-service announcements about the value of an education that used to sound stale now ring true. These lessons I’m learning, however precious, are always tinged (带有) with a sense of guilt. Many people pass their lives in the places I briefly work, spending 30 years where I spend only two months at a time. “This job pays well, but it’s hell on the body,” said one co-worker. “Study hard and keep reading,” she added. My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good. 40. How did the author look back on his summer days while at college? A. They brought him nothing but torture. B. They were no holiday for him at all. C. They were a relief from his hard work at school. D. They offered him a chance to know more people. 41. Which of the following is closest to the underlined word “torture” in the first paragraph? A. Misery. B. Fortune. C. Anxiety. D. Availability. 42. What does the author say about college students? A. They expect too much from the real world. B. They have little interest in blue-collar life. C. They think too highly of themselves. D. They are confident about their future. 43. What, according to the author, is most frustrating for blue-collar workers? A. They do not get decent pay. B. They do not have job security. C. They have to work 12-hour shifts. D. They have to move from place to place. 44. Why does the author feel somewhat guilty? A. He realizes there is a great divide between his life and that of blue-collar workers. B. He looks down upon the mechanical work at the assembly line. C. He has not done much to help his co-workers at the factory. D. He has stayed at school just for the purpose of escaping from the real world. 45. In what important way has the author’s work experience changed him? A. He learned to be more practical. B He acquired a sense of urgency. C. He came to respect blue-collar workers. D. He came to appreciate his college education. C That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the “first-night” effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect. Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators. This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did. Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found. 46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect? A. To what extent it can trouble people. B. What role it has played in evolution. C. What circumstances may trigger it. D. In what way it can be beneficial 47. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research? A. She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep. B. She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way. C. She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins D. She conducted studies on birds' and dolphins' sleeping patterns 48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment? A. She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment. B. She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences. C. She studied the differences between the two sides of participants’ brains. D. She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects. 49. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment? A. She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains. B. She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment. C. She exposed her participants to two different stimuli. D. She compared the responses of different participants. 50. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment? A. They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others. B. They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat. C. They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps. D. They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones. D Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Why, then, is art still so widely considered to be "the easy subject" at school, insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort? Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, sure, maybe even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience, a unique atmosphere and a memory that will go through the rest of their lives. People don't just want material things anymore, they want to experience life一the arts are a perfect crossover（交迭）between culture and commerce. Furthermore, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values through artworks in honour of events significant to a nation's experience. The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of people's wellbeing. The Royal Society of Public Health discovered that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure. Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in the arts is essential for child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life. Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human. 51. Art products differ from most other commercial products because . A. most people purchase them for collection B. they are more expensive and less accessible C. they have both commercial and cultural values D. their prices may climb up as time passes 52. By sharing their arts experiences, community members can . A. keep the community safe from illnesses B. develop a stronger tie between them C. learn to appreciate their own works of art D. offer honourable solutions to their problems 53. What can we learn about people who are involved in artistic activities? A. They enjoy better living conditions. B. They like to compare themselves with others. C. They are particularly good at both music and art. D. They tend to be healthier physically and mentally. 54. How does kids' engagement with the arts benefit them? A. It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth. B. It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills. C. It inspires their creativity in designing their future career. D. It helps to make responsible people out of them. 55. What is the best title for this passage? A. How Art Cures Our Hearts B. Art: A Blessing to Humankind C. How Art Benefits Communities D. Art: A Bridge Between Cultures 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 第三部分：写作(共二节，满分15分。) 第一节：语篇填空(共10 小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分) 语法填空 Trees, plants and flowers are all around us and we enjoy their beauty every day. In fact, we are so used to them that we may even take them ____56____ granted without realizing how much inspiration they have given us. When we look at a pine cone, we might think how much it looks like the tiles on a roof. An open flower might make us think ____57____ closely it resembles an umbrella. Nature has inspired many of the ____58____ (fascinate) designs around us, including those in architecture. Today, architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms, ____59____ (mimic) the way nature works or even to make natural organisms part of a building. ArtScience Museum, Singapore People whose interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore’ s ArtScience Museum. The building was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment in which it sits. ____60____ (shape) to resemble a lotus flower, it appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it. The Eastgate Centre, Harare Harare’s Eastgate Centre is a superb example of biomimicry. Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce ____61____ (inspire) to create the Centre while watching a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests. The insects built mounds covered in little holes designed to allow air ____62____ (move) freely in and out of the mounds. At night the heat absorbed by the wall during the day warms the cool air, creating ____63____ comfortable temperature inside. The Algae House, Hamburg The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg, Germany. The surface of the apartment building is covered in panels that contain algae.The panels also capture heat from the sun and convert it into energy that powers the building. And that’s not all — the algae inside the panels can ____64____ (harvest) and used to produce fuel. ______65______ (create) buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment. To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge, but even the simplest organisms can help teach us how to achieve this. 第二节：阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据题目要求用英语回答问题(请注意问题后字数要求)。 When I think of the hardest moments of my life, ironically many have turned out to be blessings. The most severe one was being pretty much kicked out of my. PhD program at the University of Georgia in 2016. The program in Georgia turned out not to be the right fit for me despite my best efforts. The whole year was riddled with exhaustion insecurity, fear, and exclusion. I was in therapy myself for most of the year to cope, and the only thing that made it tolerable was a lot of support from my family and friends. I was utterly devastated when I went back home; it felt like my career was over. Fast forward to today, however, and I can see that getting driven out of the Georgia program was one of the best things that ever happened to me. In 2017, when I transferred to a doctoral program in San Diego, I began to thrive and now my business is doing exceptionally well. I am deeply grateful I studied in San Diego and happy that I didn’t stay in Georgia. It was great that I was driven out! As the saying goes, “What seems like good or bad news now can turn out to be the opposite in the future.” Ironically, the research and writing training from the University of Georgia significantly helped me develop my academic, professional, and personal writing. I worked hard in Georgia and it paid off: The learning and growth I experienced were incomparable. As my personal example demonstrates, life is a total rollercoaster. Every now and then you are able to discover a new high, a ceiling-breaking moment, whereas in other moments you may feel like you’re falling deeper and deeper into hell. While these experiences can be incredibly tough, they present us with valuable opportunities to trust life and cultivate personal growth and learning. 66. What was the author’s most severe moment of his life?(No more than 8 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 67. What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase in paragraph 2? (No more than 3 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 68. What message does the author want to convey with his personal experience in the 3rd paragraph? (No more than 15 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 69. Why did the author thank the University of Georgia? (No more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 70. What will you do if you are in a dark moment? Please explain. (No more than 20 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 英语学科 第Ⅰ卷 选择题 第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分) 第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 1. — What did you do last night? We had a wonderful party. — ________. If you had called me, I wouldn’t have missed it. A. How come? B. What a shame! C. Who cares? D. How dare you! 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你昨晚做了什么？我们举办了一场精彩的聚会。——真遗憾！如果你给我打电话，我就不会错过了。A. How come?怎么会？B. What a shame!真遗憾！C. Who cares?谁在乎？D. How dare you!你怎么敢！第二句的回应是虚拟语气：If you had called me, I wouldn’t have missed it.，这说明说话者因未接到通知而感到遗憾。故选B。 2. Mr King is one of the most excellent volleyball coaches in the world, and the players believe they can ________ him to train the team well. A. bank on B. concentrate on C. respond to D. contribute to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：金先生是世界上最优秀的排球教练之一，队员们相信他们可以依赖他来带好这支队伍。A. bank on依赖，指望；B. concentrate on集中精力于；C. respond to回应，对……作出反应；D. contribute to促成。题干中“believe”（相信）与“train the team well”（带好队伍）表明，队员对金教练的能力有信心，需要一个表示“依赖、指望” 的短语。故选A。 3. There is no doubt that our country has the ________ to achieve fast development and make great contributions to the world. A. demand B. frontier C. evaluation D. capacity 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：毫无疑问，我们的国家具备实现快速发展的能力，并能够为世界做出巨大贡献。A. demand要求；B. frontier边境；C. evaluation评估；D. capacity能力。根据后文“achieve fast development”指具备实现快速发展的能力，故选D。 4 The reason why Peter was so ________ to get a part-time job was that he was in great need of money to support himself through college. A. reluctant B. desperate C. consistent D. thorough 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：彼得如此迫切地想要找一份兼职工作的原因是他急需钱来支撑自己完成大学学业。A. reluctant不情愿的；B. desperate极度渴望的：C. consistent一致的：D. thorough彻底的。下文“in great need of money to support himself through college”表明彼得找兼职的动机非常强烈，甚至是迫切的。故选B。 5. Sea ice affects Arctic communities and wildlife, and it helps ________ the planet’s temperature by influencing the flow of the atmosphere and the ocean. A. regulate B. explore C. reject D. withdraw 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：海冰影响着北极的社区和野生动物，并通过影响大气和海洋的流动来帮助调节地球的温度。A. regulate调节；B. explore探索；C. reject拒绝；D. withdraw撤回。海冰通过影响大气和海洋流动来“调节”温度，符合科学常识，故选A。 6. Though Jack has some job offers ________ , he still plans to go abroad for further study. A. in vain B. in contrast C. on no account D. on the horizon 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：虽然杰克即将得到一些工作机会，但他仍打算出国深造。A. in vain 徒劳无功；B. in contrast相比之下； C. on no account决不；D. on the horizon即将来临；即将发生。由句意及空前的Though Jack has some job offers可知，虽然杰克有很好的工作机会，但他更愿意接受高等教育，D项on the horizon(即将到来)符合上下文语境，故选D项。 7. — David, I’m really sorry I’ve lost your basketball. I reckon I should pay you for it. —Oh,________ . It’s just an old ball anyway. A. take your time B. no comment C. forget it D. by no means 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——大卫，我真的很抱歉把你的篮球弄丢了。我想我应该赔偿你。——哦，没关系。反正只是个旧球而已。A. take your time慢慢来；B. no comment无可奉告；C. forget it没关系，别放在心上；D. by no means绝不。根据“It’s just an old ball anyway”可知，丢球无关紧要，需选择回应道歉且体现宽容的短语。故选C。 8. Mrs Brown made her classroom a place ________ all of her students feel at ease without any feelings of nervousness. A. that B. when C. which D. where 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：布朗夫人把她的教室变成了一个所有学生都感到轻松自在、没有任何紧张感的地方。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词place，且关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导，故选D。 9. In northern China, making dumplings during the Spring Festival is a family activity with every family member, from the youngest to the oldest, ________ in to help. A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国北方，春节期间包饺子是一项家庭活动，每个家庭成员，无论老少，都会参与帮忙。这里“with + 名词 + 非谓语动词”的复合结构，宾语every family member和动词join是主动关系，应用现在分词作补语，故选A。 10. ________we care about most is whether the old people have all the basic necessities of life before the bitter winter comes. A. Which B. What C. Whether D. How 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们最关心的是，在寒冬来临之前，老人们是否拥有所有基本生活必需品。空处为主语从句，从句缺少宾语，连接词为what。故选B。 11. Get involved in physical activities and never eat after 9 p.m. ________ what you eat turns to extra fat. A. even if B. so that C. in case D. as if 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：参与体育活动，并且晚上9点后不要吃东西，以防你吃的东西会变成多余的脂肪。A. even if 即使；B. so that以便；C. in case以防；D. as if好像。根据句意，前面说“晚上9点后不要吃东西”，后面说“吃的东西会变成多余的脂肪”，这显然是在解释为什么要避免9点后进食的原因。最合适的逻辑关系是以防吃东西会变成脂肪。故选C。 12. Up to now, large quantities of money ________ on the construction of the high-speed railway, which will help save travelers much time when completed. A. is being spent B. are being spent C. has been spent D. have been spent 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，大量资金已经花在高速铁路的建设上，这条铁路建成后将有助于节省旅客大量时间。此处在句中作谓语，使用复数现在完成时被动语态，既匹配主语large quantities的复数形式，又符合时间状语up to now表示动作从过去持续到现在并完成的结果。故选D。 13. No matter how I try, my computer ________ start, so I think I need to have it examined. A. won’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：无论我怎么尝试，我的电脑就是无法启动，所以我觉得需要找人检修它。A. won’t不会；B. mustn’t禁止；C. needn’t不必；D. shouldn’t不应该。won’t表示“拒绝/无法（尽管尝试）”，用于物体“不配合”的状态（如机器罢工）。故选A。 14. We have various summer camps for your holidays, and you can choose ________ based on your own interests. A. either B. each C. one D. it 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：我们有各种各样的夏令营供你度假，你可以根据自己的兴趣选择一个。A.either（两者之中）任何一个；B.each每个、各自；C.one泛指，指代上文提到的同类事物中的一个；D.it特指，特定的某一个东西。“various summer camps”是一类事物，根据“you can choose ________ based on your own interests”可知，空处所表达的为从众多不同的夏令营中选一个，one为泛指符合结构和用法。故选C项。 15. Today we can contact each other anytime and anywhere through the Internet, but we seem ________ the art of face-to-face communication. A. losing B. to be losing C. to be lost D. having lost 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，我们可以通过互联网随时随地联系彼此，但我们似乎正在丧失面对面交流的艺术。“似乎要做某事”是seem to do sth.，故排除A、D；结合句意，表示正在失去面对面交流的艺术，是主动兼正在进行，用不定式的进行时。故选B。 第二节：完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分) For tonight’s party, we’d been asked to bring dessert. Our host understandably expected it to be ____16____, given that my husband Julian was a great chef. But as we were traveling out, in anticipation of our quick turnaround time, he’d asked Izzy, our 13-year-old daughter, to ____17____ it — a cherry pie. We arrived home hurriedly and saw the pie. “She’s actually made it!” I was ____18____ “That’s so lovely.” What a ____19____ daughter we have! We peeled back the tinfoil (锡纸) in our moment of pride, excited to ____20____ Izzy’s creation. What we revealed, ____21____, was a sad, sunken, ugly pie. The cherries were positioned ____22____. Julian said, “It’s too late to make a new one; we really need to ____23____ now.” Arriving late wasn’t a good ____24____. We arrived on time. I felt ____25____ and worried when the pie, covered appropriately, was handed in to the host, who received it with ____26____. As we shifted into the evening and met with those wonderful guests, we ____27____ about the sad pie. But when the pie was served on the table, Julian and I subtly ____28____ an anxious look. And then we came to our____29____. “We were out, so our daughter made this recipe for the first time,” said Julian with a(n) ____30____ tone. To our ____31____, the guests responded with understanding and curiosity. “Oh, that’s ____32____!” some of them remarked, as the pie was slowly sliced with a knife. As the pie was plated before us, I ____33____ and put a forkful of it in my mouth. It was delicious! “This is amazing!” our host shared. “Give Izzy our ____34____.” It was at that moment that I realized joy can be difficult to find, but it can be easy to access as long as we treat people with generosity and ____35____. 16. A. juicy B. delicious C. fresh D. sweet 17. A. fetch B. buy C. present D. prepare 18. A. upset B. curious C. delighted D. inspired 19. A. diligent B. patient C. humble D. capable 20. A. support B. examine C. witness D. taste 21. A. moreover B. however C. therefore D. then 22. A. unevenly B. appropriately C. differently D. regularly 23. A. move out B. look out C. give out D. set out 24. A. chance B. result C. option D. intention 25. A. ridiculous B. awkward C. strange D. scared 26. A. enthusiasm B. effort C. relief D. pride 27. A. thought B. argued C. discussed D. forgot 28. A. kept B. changed C. exchanged D. withdrew 29. A. sense B. defense C. attention D. rescue 30. A. embarrassed B. proud C. relaxed D. dry 31. A. surprise B. disappointment C. regret D. satisfaction 32. A. tough B. creative C. ordinary D. lovely 33. A. sighed B. smiled C. apologized D. laughed 34. A. thanks B. secrets C. requests D. suggestions 35. A. respect B. confidence C. appreciation D. sympathy 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. B 21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者一家受邀参加派对，被要求带甜点。由于时间紧迫，他们让13岁的女儿Izzy第一次尝试做了樱桃派。尽管派的外形不尽如人意，但味道却出奇地好。在派对上，作者和丈夫向客人解释了派是女儿做的，客人们表示理解和好奇。 【16题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到我丈夫Julian是个很棒的厨师，主人理所当然地希望它很美味。A. juicy多汁的；B. delicious美味的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. sweet甜的。根据下文“given that my husband Julian was a great chef”可知，作者的丈夫是个很好的厨师，所以主人希望作者带来的甜品是美味的。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在我们外出旅行的时候，他让我们13岁的女儿伊兹准备了一份樱桃派。A. fetch拿来；B. buy买；C. present呈现；D. prepare准备。根据上文“we’d been asked to bring dessert”和下文“a cherry pie”可知，作者的丈夫让女儿准备了一份樱桃派。故选D。 【18题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“她居然真的做出来了！”我欣喜不已，“太棒了。”A. upset不安的；B. curious好奇的；C. delighted高兴的；D. inspired受到启发的。根据“She’s actually made it”可知，女儿真的把樱桃派做出来了，作者应该很高兴。故选C。 【19题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的女儿真能干！A. diligent勤奋的；B. patient耐心的；C. humble谦逊的；D. capable能干的。根据上文“She’s actually made it”可知，作者女儿做出了樱桃派，作者觉得自己的女儿很能干。故选D。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们满心自豪地揭开锡纸，迫不及待地想看看伊齐的作品。A. support支持；B. examine查看；C. witness目击；D. taste品尝。根据上文“We peeled back the tinfoil”可知，作者揭开锡纸，想看看女儿的作品。故选B。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，呈现在我们眼前的却是一个又蔫又塌、卖相极差的派。A. moreover另外；B. however然而；C. therefore因此；D. then然后。根据下文“was a sad, sunken, ugly pie”可知，前后句子是转折关系，空格处用“然而”。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：樱桃摆放得不均匀。A. unevenly不均匀的；B. appropriately恰当地；C. differently不同地；D. regularly有规律地。根据上文“sunken, ugly pie”和“The cherries were positioned”可知，樱桃摆得不均匀。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们现在真的需要出发了。A. move out搬出去；B. look out小心；C. give out分发；D. set out出发。根据下文“Arriving late”可知，他们要迟到了，所以作者的丈夫觉得他们应该出发了。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：迟到可不是个好选择。A. chance机会；B. result结果；C. option选择；D. intention意图。根据上文“Arriving late”可知，迟到不是一个好选择。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把用包装纸妥善包好的派递给主人时，心里既尴尬又担忧，而主人却热情地接过了派。A. ridiculous荒谬的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. strange奇怪的；D. scared害怕的。根据上一段“a sad, sunken, ugly pie”可知，作者带去的派很丑，所以作者感到尴尬。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把用包装纸妥善包好的派递给主人时，心里既尴尬又担忧，而主人却热情地接过了派。A. enthusiasm热情；B. effort努力；C. relief放松；D. pride骄傲。根据上文“handed in to the host, who received it with”可知，作者带去了派，主人家应该是热情地接过去。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着夜幕降临，我们见到了那些了不起的客人，我们忘记了悲伤的馅饼。A. thought思考；B. argued争论；C. discussed讨论；D. forgot忘记。根据上文“As we shifted into the evening and met with those wonderful guests”可知，忙着见客人，作者他们忘了那个派。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当派端上桌时，Julian和我微妙地交换了一个焦虑的眼神。A. kept保持；B. changed改变；C. exchanged交换；D. withdrew撤退。根据下文“an anxious look”可知，作者和丈夫交换了一个焦虑的眼神。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：接着，我们开始辩护。A. sense感觉；B. defense辩护；C. attention注意力；D. rescue救援。根据下文“We were out, so our daughter made this recipe for the first time”可知，作者为这个丑的派做出辩护。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：朱利安带着自豪的语气说：“我们当时出门了，所以女儿第一次尝试做了这个派。”A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. proud自豪的；C. relaxed放松的；D. dry干的。根据上文“our daughter made this recipe for the first time”可知，作者的女儿第一次做出了派，作者的丈夫应该为此自豪。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令我们惊讶的是，客人们的反应是理解和好奇。A. surprise惊讶；B. disappointment失望；C. regret后悔；D. satisfaction满足。根据下文“the guests responded with understanding and curiosity”可知，客人们的反应是理解和好奇，这让作者惊讶。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“哦，那太可爱了！”A. tough困难的；B. creative有创造力的；C. ordinary普通的；D. lovely可爱的。根据上文“the guests responded with understanding and curiosity”可知，客人们表示理解，所以会觉得这个派很可爱。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当派被分到我们面前时，我微笑着叉起一块放进嘴里。A. sighed叹气；B. smiled微笑；C. apologized道歉；D. laughed笑。根据下文“put a forkful of it in my mouth”可知，作者品尝派时很高兴，所以微笑。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：代我们感谢Izzy。A. thanks感谢；B. secrets秘密；C. requests要求； D. suggestions建议。根据上文“This is amazing”可知，主人觉得派很好，所以感谢Izzy。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，我意识到快乐或许难以寻觅，但只要我们以慷慨和欣赏之心待人，快乐便能轻易获得。A. respect尊敬；B. confidence自信；C. appreciation欣赏；D. sympathy同情心。根据上文“It was delicious! “This is amazing!””可知，只要我们以慷慨和欣赏之心待人，快乐便能轻易获得。故选C。 第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分) A Téa Obreht’s Favorite Novels Téa Obreht’s new novel, Inland, tells the stories of an outlaw crossing the American West and a homesteader awaiting the return of her husband. Below, she recommends other novels shaped by place. The Meadow James Galvin (1992). Galvin narrows his novel’s focus to a river in south-eastern Wyoming, the site of three generations’ struggle and achievements. “I often find myself reading each sentence twice, just to enjoy the unexpected twists of Galvin’s prose (散文). ” What Is Not Yours Is Not Yours Helen Oyeyemi (2016). Everything about this story collection delights and puzzles the soul, in a way of experiencing the terrifying fairy tale for the first time. Each story feels like working around you in a kind of harmony you can’t even begin to comprehend until the final line. Orange World Karen Russell (2019). “Every new book of Russell’s instantly takes its previous book’s place as my favorite.” Place, in each of these time-jumping, world-warping stories — which unfold a map of place both real and imagined — provides physical, social, and emotional pressures on both character and reader. The Bluest Eye Toni Morrison (1970). “Morrison’s novel remains my favorite, possibly owing to the particular feelings produced by its place and personhood, and its suggestion that how you experience the world is governed by age, race, and whether or not one grows up loved.” 36. What do the four novels have in common? A. They have similar plots. B. They are shaped by place. C. They have the same background. D. They are written by Téa Obreht. 37. Which of the statements is true about What Is Not Yours Is Not Yours? A. It fills the reader’s heart with terror. B. It’s a story collection without harmony in each story. C. It’s a prose authored by Helen Oyeyemi. D. The harmony in it can not be understood until the end. 38. How does Téa Obreht evaluate Karen Russell and her Orange World ? A It takes on a dynamic and mysterious atmosphere. B. The reader feels their pressures taken off when they read it. C. Téa always likes Karen’s new book better than her previous one. D. It presents social conflicts in different times and worlds. 39. What do you know about The Bluest Eye from the last paragraph? A. Its place and personhood impress Téa Obreht a lot. B. It advocates ecological balance in nature. C. It suggests a connection between love and success. D. Age and gender impact how you experience the world. 【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了Téa Obreht最喜欢的几本小说的大概内容。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Below, she recommends other novels shaped by place. (下面，她推荐了其他按地域塑造的小说)”可知，四本书的共同点是都是根据地域塑造的。故选B。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。由文章What Is Not Yours Is Not Yours部分中“Everything about this story collection delights and puzzles the soul, in a way of experiencing the terrifying fairy tale for the first time. Each story feels like working around you in a kind of harmony you can’t even begin to comprehend until the final line. (这本故事集的一切都让人感到愉悦和困惑，以一种第一次体验恐怖童话的方式。每一个故事都像是在一种和谐中围绕着你，直到最后一行你才开始理解)”可知，这本书中的和谐要到最后才能被理解。故选D。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。由文章Orange World部分中“Every new book of Russell’s instantly takes its previous book’s place as my favorite. (罗素的每一本新书都会立刻取代前一本书，成为我的最爱)”可知，Téa总是比前一本更喜欢Karen的新书。故选C。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段中“Morrison’s novel remains my favorite, possibly owing to the particular feelings produced by its place and personhood (莫里森的小说仍然是我的最爱，可能是因为它的地点和人物所产生的特殊感觉)”可推知，这本书中的地点和人物给Téa Obreht留下了深刻印象。故选A。 B I’ve worked in the factories surrounding my hometown every summer since I graduated from high school. But making the transition between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier. For a student like me who considers any class before noon to be uncivilized, getting to a factory by 6 o’clock each morning is torture. My friends never seem to understand why I’m so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation. There are few people as self-confident as a college student who has never been out in the real world. People of my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge. In fact, all the classes did not prepare me for my battles with the machine I ran in the plant, which would jam whenever I absent-mindedly put in a part backward or upside down. The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear overnight. Issues like downsizing and overseas relocation had always seemed distant to me until my co-workers told me that the unit I was working in would shut down within six months and move to Mexico, where people would work for 60 cents an hour. After working 12-hour shifts in a factory, the other options have become only too clear. When I’m back at the university, skipping classes and turning in lazy re-writes seems too irresponsible after seeing what I would be doing without school. All the advice and public-service announcements about the value of an education that used to sound stale now ring true. These lessons I’m learning, however precious, are always tinged (带有) with a sense of guilt. Many people pass their lives in the places I briefly work, spending 30 years where I spend only two months at a time. “This job pays well, but it’s hell on the body,” said one co-worker. “Study hard and keep reading,” she added. My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good. 40. How did the author look back on his summer days while at college? A. They brought him nothing but torture. B. They were no holiday for him at all. C. They were a relief from his hard work at school. D. They offered him a chance to know more people. 41. Which of the following is closest to the underlined word “torture” in the first paragraph? A. Misery. B. Fortune. C. Anxiety. D. Availability. 42. What does the author say about college students? A. They expect too much from the real world. B. They have little interest in blue-collar life. C. They think too highly of themselves. D. They are confident about their future. 43. What according to the author, is most frustrating for blue-collar workers? A. They do not get decent pay. B. They do not have job security. C. They have to work 12-hour shifts. D. They have to move from place to place. 44. Why does the author feel somewhat guilty? A. He realizes there is a great divide between his life and that of blue-collar workers. B. He looks down upon the mechanical work at the assembly line. C. He has not done much to help his co-workers at the factory. D. He has stayed at school just for the purpose of escaping from the real world. 45. In what important way has the author’s work experience changed him? A. He learned to be more practical. B. He acquired a sense of urgency. C. He came to respect blue-collar workers. D. He came to appreciate his college education. 【答案】40. B 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲过了作者在大学署假期间的兼职工作，改变了他对教育价值的看法，他开始珍惜大学教育，并意识到了自己和蓝领工人的人生有着巨大的差距，自己还有很大的发展空间。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“My friends never seem to understand why I’m so relieved to be back at school or that my summer vacation has been anything but a vacation.( 我的朋友们似乎从来都不明白为什么我能回到学校这么放心，或者我的暑假根本不是假期)”可知，作者回顾他在大学的暑假，对他来说，它们根本不是假日。故选B。 【41题详解】 词义猜测题。划线单词前文“But making the transition between school and full-time blue-collar work during the break never gets any easier. (但是，在课间休息期间，在学校和全职蓝领工作之间进行过渡从来没有变得更容易过)”可知，划线单词所在句子意思是：对于像我这样认为中午前上课不文明的学生来说，每天早上6点前赶到工厂是一种折磨。由此可知，与第一段中带下划线的单词意思最接近的是A项Misery“痛苦的”。故选A。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。文章第二段讲到“People of my age always seem to overestimate the value of their time and knowledge. (像我这样年纪的人似乎总是高估他们的时间和知识的价值)”可知，作者认为大学生太高估自己。故选C。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。文章第三段讲到“The most stressful thing about blue-collar life is knowing your job could disappear overnight.(蓝领生活最大的压力是知道你的工作可能会在一夜之间消失)”可知，根据作者的观点，蓝领工人最沮丧的是他们没有工作保障。故选B。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。文章第五段讲到“These lessons I’m learning, however precious, are always tinged (带有) with a sense of guilt. Many people pass their lives in the places I briefly work, spending 30 years where I spend only two months at a time.(我学到的这些东西，无论多么珍贵，总是带着一种负罪感。许多人在我短暂工作的地方度过了他们的一生，在那里度过了30年，我一次只呆了两个月)”可知，作者意识到了自己和蓝领工人的人生有着巨大的差距，自己还有很大的发展空间，而他们的生活注定永远会在那个地方。由此推知，作者会觉得有些愧疚是因为他意识到他的生活和蓝领工人的生活有很大的不同。故选A。 【45题详解】 细节理解题。文章最后一段讲到“My experiences in the factories have inspired me to make the most of my college years before I enter the real world for good (我在工厂的经历激励我在进入现实世界之前充分利用大学时光)”可知，作者的工作经历改变了他，让他开始重视他的大学教育。故选D。 C That people often experience trouble sleeping in a different bed in unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon known as the “first-night” effect. If a person stays in the same room the following night they tend to sleep more soundly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brown University set out to investigate the origins of this effect. Dr. Sasaki knew the first-night effect probably has something to do with how humans evolved. The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day. She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators. This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as expected, the participants slept less well on their first night than they did on their second, taking more than twice as long to fall asleep and sleeping less overall. During deep sleep, the participants’ brains behaved in a similar manner seen in birds and dolphins. On the first night only, the left hemispheres (半球) of their brains did not sleep nearly as deeply as their right hemispheres did. Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found. 46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect? A. To what extent it can trouble people. B. What role it has played in evolution. C. What circumstances may trigger it. D. In what way it can be beneficial 47. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research? A. She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep. B. She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way. C. She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins D. She conducted studies on birds' and dolphins' sleeping patterns 48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment? A. She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment. B. She recruited 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences. C. She studied the differences between the two sides of participants’ brains. D. She tested her findings about birds and dolphins on human subjects. 49. What did Dr. Sasaki do when re-running her experiment? A. She analyzed the negative effect of irregular tones on brains. B. She recorded participants’ adaptation to changed environment. C. She exposed her participants to two different stimuli. D. She compared the responses of different participants. 50. What did Dr. Sasaki find about the participants in her experiment? A. They tended to enjoy certain tones more than others. B. They tended to perceive irregular beeps as a threat. C. They felt sleepy when exposed to regular beeps. D. They differed in their tolerance of irregular tones. 【答案】46. D 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了首夜效应的现象、起源及科学家的相关研究。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“The puzzle was what benefit would be gained from it when performance might be affected the following day.(令人困惑的是，当第二天的性能可能受到影响时，它将从中获得什么好处)”可知，研究者困惑于首夜效应有何益处。故选D。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段的“She also knew from previous work conducted on birds and dolphins that these animals put half of their brains to sleep at a time so that they can rest while remaining alert enough to avoid predators. This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing.(她还从之前对鸟类和海豚的研究中了解到，这些动物一次让一半的大脑进入睡眠状态，这样它们就可以休息，同时保持足够的警觉以躲避捕食者。这让她怀疑人们是否也在做同样的事情)”可知，Dr. Yuka Sasaki从之前关于鸟类和海豚的研究中得到了一些启发。故选C。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“To take a closer look, her team studied 35 healthy people as they slept in the unfamiliar environment of the university’s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each slept in the department for two nights and were carefully monitored with techniques that looked at the activity of their brains.(为了进一步研究，她的团队研究了35名健康的人，他们在大学心理科学系的陌生环境中睡觉。每个参与者都在该部门睡了两个晚上，并通过观察他们大脑活动的技术对他们进行了仔细的监测)”可知，她监测了在新环境中睡觉的参与者的大脑活动。故选A项。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“Curious if the left hemispheres were indeed remaining awake to process information detected in the surrounding environment, Dr. Sasaki re-ran the experiment while presenting the sleeping participants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night.(出于好奇，Sasaki博士的左脑半球是否真的保持清醒，以处理在周围环境中检测到的信息，他重新进行了实验，同时在夜间向睡眠的参与者播放定时的同一音调的哔哔声和不同音调的不规则哔哔声)”可知，Sasaki博士在重新进行实验时，给睡眠中的参与者同时呈现了两种不同的刺激——规律性的蜂鸣声和不规律性的蜂鸣声。故选C。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.(她推断出，如果左脑半球在陌生的环境中保持警觉以守卫，那么它会对不规则的蜂鸣声作出反应，把人们从睡梦中惊醒，而忽略那些规律性的蜂鸣声。这正是她所发现的现象)”可知，Sasaki博士发现参与者在听到不规律性的蜂鸣声时会被唤醒，这表明他们倾向于将不规律性的蜂鸣声视为威胁。故选B。 D Art is everywhere. Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful. Why, then, is art still so widely considered to be "the easy subject" at school, insignificant to wider society, a waste of time and effort? Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can; art generates money and holds significant emotional and cultural value within communities. When people attend a concert, they are paying for music, sure, maybe even hotel rooms, meals, and transport, but they also gain an incredible experience, a unique atmosphere and a memory that will go through the rest of their lives. People don't just want material things anymore, they want to experience life一the arts are a perfect crossover（交迭）between culture and commerce. Furthermore, the arts can bring communities together, reducing loneliness and making people feel safer. Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion, and their expression of common values through artworks in honour of events significant to a nation's experience. The arts clearly have a pretty positive impact on physical and psychological health. It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not; more engagement with the arts is linked to a higher level of people's wellbeing. The Royal Society of Public Health discovered that music and art, when used in hospitals, help to improve the conditions of patients by reducing stress, anxiety and blood pressure. Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education: those engaged with drama have greater literary ability while others taking part in musical practice exhibit greater skills in math and languages. Kids with preference for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future. Participating in the arts is essential for child development; encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life. Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human. 51. Art products differ from most other commercial products because . A. most people purchase them for collection B. they are more expensive and less accessible C. they have both commercial and cultural values D. their prices may climb up as time passes 52. By sharing their arts experiences, community members can . A. keep the community safe from illnesses B. develop a stronger tie between them C. learn to appreciate their own works of art D. offer honourable solutions to their problems 53. What can we learn about people who are involved in artistic activities? A. They enjoy better living conditions. B. They like to compare themselves with others. C. They are particularly good at both music and art. D. They tend to be healthier physically and mentally. 54. How does kids' engagement with the arts benefit them? A. It promotes their academic performance and emotional growth. B. It gives them more confidence in exhibiting their learning skills. C. It inspires their creativity in designing their future career. D. It helps to make responsible people out of them. 55. What is the best title for this passage? A. How Art Cures Our Hearts B. Art: A Blessing to Humankind C. How Art Benefits Communities D. Art: A Bridge Between Cultures 【答案】51. C 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了艺术这一活动对人类的重要意义，是我们不可或缺的社会生活之一。从赋予商品的商业价值，人类的身心健康和青少年的学术和情感发展等方面论述了艺术的重要意义。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Any public space has been carefully designed by an artistic mind to be both functional and beautiful.”（任何公共空间都是由艺术家精心设计的，既实用又美观。）以及“Art can connect culture with commercial products in a way that not many other things can”（艺术可以将文化与商业产品联系起来，这是其他很多东西都做不到的。）可以看出，可见艺术参与的作品兼具文化价值和商业价值。故选择C。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Social bonds are created among individuals when they share their arts experiences through reflection and discussion,, and their expression of common values through artworks in honor of events significant to a nation's experience.”（当个人通过反思和讨论分享他们的艺术经验，并通过艺术作品表达共同的价值观，以纪念对一个国家的经验有重要意义的事件时，社会纽带就在他们之间建立起来。），可见通过分享经历，可以建立一种特殊的联系和纽带。故选择B。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“It is found that people who frequent cultural places or participate in artistic events are more likely to gain good health compared to those who do not”（研究发现，经常出入文化场所或参加艺术活动的人比不经常出入文化场所或参加艺术活动的人更容易获得健康;），可见参加艺术活动的人们在身心上都相对更加健康。故选择D。 【54题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Children who are involved with the arts make greater achievements in their education”（参与艺术的孩子在他们的教育中取得更大的成就）以及“encouraging children to express themselves in constructive ways could help to form healthy emotional responses in later life.”（有助于在以后的生活中形成健康的情感反应。）可见艺术活动促进了孩子们的学业表现和情感成长。故选择A。 【55题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Vital to human life, art is celebrated and used by nations across the world for various purposes. Life without art would be boring and dead still, for art is a part of what makes us human.”（艺术对人类的生命至关重要，世界各国为各种目的庆祝和使用艺术。没有艺术的生活将是无聊和死气沉沉的，因为艺术是我们人类的一部分。）可见艺术是人类重要的部分，文章中也详细描述了艺术对不同人群的好处。所以短文的最佳标题为“艺术:人类的福祉”。故选择B。 第Ⅱ卷 非选择题 第三部分：写作(共二节，满分15分。) 第一节：语篇填空(共10 小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分) 语法填空 Trees, plants and flowers are all around us and we enjoy their beauty every day. In fact, we are so used to them that we may even take them ____56____ granted without realizing how much inspiration they have given us. When we look at a pine cone, we might think how much it looks like the tiles on a roof. An open flower might make us think ____57____ closely it resembles an umbrella. Nature has inspired many of the ____58____ (fascinate) designs around us, including those in architecture. Today, architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms, ____59____ (mimic) the way nature works or even to make natural organisms part of a building. ArtScience Museum, Singapore People whose interest is exploring the relationship between art and science will enjoy Singapore’ s ArtScience Museum. The building was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment in which it sits. ____60____ (shape) to resemble a lotus flower, it appears to float above the waterfront promenade and the water that surrounds it. The Eastgate Centre, Harare Harare’s Eastgate Centre is a superb example of biomimicry. Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce ____61____ (inspire) to create the Centre while watching a nature documentary in which termites were constructing their nests. The insects built mounds covered in little holes designed to allow air ____62____ (move) freely in and out of the mounds. At night, the heat absorbed by the wall during the day warms the cool air, creating ____63____ comfortable temperature inside. The Algae House, Hamburg The world’s first algae-powered building is in Hamburg, Germany. The surface of the apartment building is covered in panels that contain algae.The panels also capture heat from the sun and convert it into energy that powers the building. And that’s not all — the algae inside the panels can ____64____ (harvest) and used to produce fuel. ______65______ (create) buildings such as these enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment. To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge, but even the simplest organisms can help teach us how to achieve this. 【答案】56. for 57. how 58. most fascinating 59 mimicking 60. Shaped 61. was inspired 62. to move 63. a 64. be harvested 65. Creating 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是建筑设计如何从植物和自然中获得灵感。 【56题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：事实上，我们对它们太习以为常了，甚至可能认为它们是理所当然的，却没有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。“take...for granted”是固定短语，意为“认为…… 理所当然”。故填for。 【57题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：一朵盛开的花可能会让我们想到它与雨伞多么相似。“____ closely it resembles an umbrella” 是宾语从句，此处表示程度，用how 引导，修饰副词closely。故填how。 【58题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：大自然激发了我们周围许多最迷人的设计，包括建筑方面的设计。“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数” 表示“最…… 之一”，fascinate 的形容词形式是 fascinating，其最高级是most fascinating。故填most fascinating。 【59题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，建筑师们继续探索捕捉自然形态之美的方法，模仿自然的运作方式，甚至将自然生物融入建筑之中。architects与mimic之间是主动关系，用现在分词作伴随状语。故填mimicking。 【60题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它的形状像一朵莲花，看起来像是漂浮在海滨长廊和周围的水面之上。“The building”与“shape”之间是被动关系，即建筑被塑造成…… 形状，用过去分词作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Shaped。 【61题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：津巴布韦建筑师米克・皮尔斯在观看一部关于白蚁建造巢穴的自然纪录片时受到启发，从而设计了东门中心。根据语境，事情发生在过去，且 “Mick Pearce”与“inspire” 之间是被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was。故填was inspired。 【62题详解】 考查固定搭配。句意：这些昆虫建造的土堆上布满了小孔，这些小孔旨在让空气在土堆内外自由流通。“allow sb./sth. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“允许某人 / 某物做某事”。故填to move。 【63题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：晚上，墙壁在白天吸收的热量使凉爽的空气变暖，在室内营造出一个舒适的温度。这里表示“一个”舒适的温度，表泛指，comfortable 首字母发音为辅音音素，用不定冠词a。故填a。 【64题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：而且这还不是全部 —— 面板内的藻类可以被收获并用于生产燃料。“the algae”与“harvest”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，情态动词can 后接动词原形，be动词用原形。故填be harvested。 【65题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：建造这样的建筑能让我们与环境更和谐地共处。此处缺少主语，用动名词作主语，表示抽象的、经常性的行为，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Creating。 第二节：阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读下面短文，并根据题目要求用英语回答问题(请注意问题后的字数要求)。 When I think of the hardest moments of my life, ironically many have turned out to be blessings. The most severe one was being pretty much kicked out of my. PhD program at the University of Georgia in 2016. The program in Georgia turned out not to be the right fit for me despite my best efforts. The whole year was riddled with exhaustion, insecurity, fear, and exclusion. I was in therapy myself for most of the year to cope, and the only thing that made it tolerable was a lot of support from my family and friends. I was utterly devastated when I went back home; it felt like my career was over. Fast forward to today, however, and I can see that getting driven out of the Georgia program was one of the best things that ever happened to me. In 2017, when I transferred to a doctoral program in San Diego, I began to thrive and now my business is doing exceptionally well. I am deeply grateful I studied in San Diego and happy that I didn’t stay in Georgia. It was great that I was driven out! As the saying goes, “What seems like good or bad news now can turn out to be the opposite in the future.” Ironically, the research and writing training from the University of Georgia significantly helped me develop my academic, professional, and personal writing. I worked hard in Georgia and it paid off: The learning and growth I experienced were incomparable. As my personal example demonstrates, life is a total rollercoaster. Every now and then you are able to discover a new high, a ceiling-breaking moment, whereas in other moments you may feel like you’re falling deeper and deeper into hell. While these experiences can be incredibly tough, they present us with valuable opportunities to trust life and cultivate personal growth and learning. 66. What was the author’s most severe moment of his life?(No more than 8 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 67. What’s the meaning of the underlined phrase in paragraph 2? (No more than 3 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 68. What message does the author want to convey with his personal experience in the 3rd paragraph? (No more than 15 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 69. Why did the author thank the University of Georgia? (No more than 10 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 70. What will you do if you are in a dark moment? Please explain. (No more than 20 words) _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】66. His almost being kicked out of PhD program 67. be full of 68. What seems like bad news now can turn out to be good in the future 69. The research and writing training helped him professionally and academically 70. I will seek support and stay positive, believing that the difficulties are temporary and trying to find a solution. 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者人生中经历的困难时刻，以及这些困难如何最终转化为祝福的经历。 【66题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“When I think of the hardest moments of my life, ironically many have turned out to be blessings. The most severe one was being pretty much kicked out of my. PhD program at the University of Georgia in 2016. (当我回想起生命中最艰难的时刻时，具有讽刺意味的是，许多事情最后都变成了我的祝福。最严重的一次是我几乎被踢出2016年在乔治亚大学的博士项目。)”可知，作者一生中最艰难的时刻是在2016年作者差点被踢出在乔治亚大学的博士项目。故答案为His almost being kicked out of PhD program。 【67题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词组下一句“I was in therapy myself for most of the year to cope, and the only thing that made it tolerable was a lot of support from my family and friends. (我大部分时间都在接受治疗来应对这种压力，而唯一让我能够忍受这一切的是来自家人和朋友的巨大支持。)”可知，由于课程不适合作者，作者整整一年都充满了疲倦、不安全、恐惧和排斥。由此可知，划线词组的意思和“充满”相似。故答案为be full of。 【68题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第三段内容“I was utterly devastated when I went back home; it felt like my career was over. Fast forward to today, however, and I can see that getting driven out of the Georgia program was one of the best things that ever happened to me. In 2017, when I transferred to a doctoral program in San Diego, I began to thrive and now my business is doing exceptionally well. I am deeply grateful I studied in San Diego and happy that I didn’t stay in Georgia. It was great that I was driven out! As the saying goes, “What seems like good or bad news now can turn out to be the opposite in the future.” (当我回到家时，我彻底崩溃了；感觉我的职业生涯结束了。然而，快进到今天，我发现被赶出乔治亚大学的项目是发生在我身上最好的事情之一。2017年，当我转到圣地亚哥攻读博士学位时，我开始茁壮成长，现在我的生意做得非常好。我非常感谢我在圣地亚哥学习，也很高兴我没有留在乔治亚州。我被赶出去真是太好了！俗话说，“现在看起来是好消息或坏消息，将来可能会变成相反的消息。”)”可知，作者在第三段想要表达的是被乔治亚大学的博士项目开除是他人生中最严重的事情，但也是他最好的事情之一，也就是当时以为是坏消息的事情后来变成了好消息。故答案为What seems like bad news now can turn out to be good in the future。 【69题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第四题“Ironically, the research and writing training from the University of Georgia significantly helped me develop my academic, professional, and personal writing. I worked hard in Georgia and it paid off: The learning and growth I experienced were incomparable. (具有讽刺意味的是，乔治亚大学的研究和写作训练对我的学术、专业和个人写作都有很大的帮助。我在乔治亚努力学习，并得到了回报：我经历的学习和成长是无与伦比的。)”可知，作者感谢乔治亚大学是因为那里的研究和写作训练对他的学术、专业和个人写作能力发展有重要帮助。故答案为The research and writing training helped him professionally and academically. 【70题详解】 开放题。要求考生谈谈自己面临人生中黑暗时刻时会如何做，考生言之有理即可。故参考答案为I will seek support and stay positive, believing that the difficulties are temporary and trying to find a solution. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$