精品解析：江苏省宿迁市沭阳县建陵中学马塘中学2024-2025学年高二下学期5月联考英语试题

2024—2025学年度第二学期第二次学情调研 高二英语 （试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1. What is wrong with the jacket? A. It’s not warm enough. B. It’s not a good color. C. It doesn’t fit well. 2. How does the woman feel? A. Amazed. B. Pleased. C. Disappointed. 3. How often does the woman exercise? A. Once a day. B. Once a week. C. Once a month. 4. What time is it now? A. 4:00 p.m. B. 5:00 p.m. C. 6:00 p.m. 5. Where are the speakers? A. In a library. B. In a restaurant. C. In a classroom. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman ask about her trip? A. Accommodation. B. Transportation. C. Entertainment. 7. Where does the man suggest the woman visit first? A. Disneyland. B. The Balboa Park. C. The San Diego Zoo. 所第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What’s the man concerned about? A. The cat is acting unusually. B. The woman hasn’t eaten anything yet. C. Sarah has been gone for a few days. 9. Where is Sarah? A. At school. B. At a camp. C. At a hospital. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Patient and doctor. C. Husband and wife. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why is the man talking to the woman? A. To change his current plan. B. To correct a mistake on his phone bill. C. To get some information about different plans. 12. When will the man probably get the new bill? A. Later today. B. Two weeks later. C. The day after tomorrow. 13. What is the woman like? A. Careless. B. Patient. C. Impolite. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Choosing a major. B. Applying to colleges. C. Registering for classes. 15. Why did the man’s mother think economics was a good choice? A. She thought it was interesting. B. She thought it would be easier to study. C. She thought it could provide a better future. 16. Where does the man probably work? A. In a bank. B. In a university. C. In a company. 17. What does the woman really hope to do? A. Take some interesting classes. B. Choose history as her major. C. Find a subject she enjoys. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题 18. Why might “clean meat” be popular? A It is good to human and nature. B. It deals with food shortages. C. It proves a scientific theory. 19. How much of the global meat industry might “clean meat” occupy? A. A half. B. A third. C. A tenth. 20. What is special about Eat Just’s product? A. It uses different plants. B. It uses plant cells. C. It uses animal cells. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Park City has something for every multigenerational family. Whether you’re trying to tire out kids, comfort teenagers, and satisfy core skiers, you’ll have no problem finding something that the whole family will enjoy. Skiing at Park City Mountain and Deer Valley Deer Valley and Park City Mountain offer thousands of acres of terrain for all skiers. Whether you like carving freshly groomed runs, ripping powder and trees, or are just honing your skills on green and blue runs-all riders can find something they like! Each resort provides exceptional experiences on and off the mountain. With plentiful skiing, easy transportation, and tons of close lodging, starting your family trip on the slopes is a no-brainer. Art classes at the Kimball Art Center The Kimball Art Center is a great place to escape the cold weather, and let your creative juices flow. The Kimball Art Center has a variety of art classes that are offered several days every week. Classes cover a wide variety of art styles including pottery, painting, textiles, and even glass making. To make it easy for families, all of their classes can be sorted by the best ages, so you can be certain to sign up for a class that suits your unique group well. Family Sleigh Ride in Park City If you’re looking for a nice way to relieve stress at the end of the day, a family sleigh ride is one of our favorite activities. Bundle up together under blankets as you’re pulled through the snow behind a team of horses, and you’ll quickly feel like you’ve been transported to another time. With our young kids, we found that taking a short sleigh ride followed by dinner at Cena, was a perfect combination. Park City Escape Room If you’re looking for a bit of a mental challenge, and are willing to really work together as a team, make sure to visit the Park City Escape Room. With several themed rooms, your family will work together to solve a puzzle and figure out how to escape. Escape rooms are fantastic for multigenerational families and big groups, since everyone has something unique to bring to the game. 1. Which activity reflects the cooperative ability of family members? A. Skiing at Deer Valley. B. Art classes at the Kimball Art Center. C. Park City Escape Room. D. Family Sleigh Ride in Park City. 2. What can the family do in the sleigh ride in Park City? A. Experience horse-riding. B. Relax themselves. C. Travel to the long past. D. Dine on a sleigh. 3. What is probably expected for the four activities in Park City? A. Household participation. B. Adventurous spirit. C. Family background. D. Professional skills. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Park City为家庭提供多样化活动：滑雪、艺术课、雪橇游和逃脱房间，适合不同年龄享受合家欢乐。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Park City Escape Room中的“If you’re looking for a bit of a mental challenge, and are willing to really work together as a team, make sure to visit the Park City Escape Room. With several themed rooms, your family will work together to solve a puzzle and figure out how to escape. Escape rooms are fantastic for multigenerational families and big groups, since everyone has something unique to bring to the game.(如果你正在寻找一点精神上的挑战，并且愿意作为一个团队一起工作，一定要参观公园城市逃生室。有几个主题房间，你的家人将一起解决一个谜题，找出如何逃脱。密室逃生对于几代同堂的家庭和一大群人来说非常棒，因为每个人都有自己独特的体验)”可知，这个游戏需要团队成员之间密切合作、沟通协调和集体解决问题的能力，能够体现家庭成员的合作能力。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Family Sleigh Ride in Park City中的“If you’re looking for a nice way to relieve stress at the end of the day, a family sleigh ride is one of our favorite activities.(如果你正在寻找一个很好的方式来缓解一天结束时的压力，家庭雪橇是我们最喜欢的活动之一)”可知，全家人可以在帕克城的雪橇上放松自己。故选B。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Park City has something for every multigenerational family. Whether you’re trying to tire out kids, comfort teenagers, and satisfy core skiers, you’ll have no problem finding something that the whole family will enjoy.(Park City有适合每一个多代同堂家庭的东西。无论你是想让孩子们感到疲惫，安慰青少年，还是满足核心滑雪者，你都能找到全家都喜欢的东西)”可推知，Park City的四项活动主要鼓励和期望家庭一起参与。故选A。 B In 1997, the Hungarian biochemist Katalin Kariko met another struggling researcher, the American immunologist Drew Weissman, as they queued to photocopy scientific papers at the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn). The two scientists found they followed the same research direction and decided to cooperate. Now, their partnership achieved the peak of scientific recognition. They jointly won the Nobel Prize in Medicine. But while both scientists endured years of professional struggle on the way to the huge success, Kariko had to overcome greater setbacks than Weissman. For decades she never found a permanent position. Having grown up in a village in a house without running water or a refrigerator, Kariko got a biochemistry doctorate in Szeged before she and her husband sold their car, sewed some cash into their toddler daughter’s teddy bear and went to the U. S. on a one-way ticket. The daughter became a U. S. national rower and Olympic gold winner. Kariko worked in a few different research jobs before landing a junior position at the UPenn. And for many years her career at the UPenn was fragile. She migrated from lab to lab, relying on one senior scientist after another to take her in. She never made more than $60, 000 a year. She struggled to raise the grant funding essential for a scientific career. Kariko said she endured ridicule (奚落) from university colleagues for her pursuit. In 2013, Kariko “was kicked out from UPenn— forced to retire”. The university told her that her work was not of faculty quality, she said in an interview. Yet the scientist’s commitment to her work didn’t change at all. “When I was fired, I didn’t feel sorry for myself, ”she said. “I have to focus all the energy on seeking out what’s next. ” In a news conference held at UPenn, she encouraged young scientists to love learning to solve problems and to be prepared for failure. “You have to learn how to handle the failure, because most of the time, we don’t understand-we make an experiment and the outcome is not what we want, ” Kariko said. Researchers in Kariko’s field are full of admiration for her generosity and persistence. “She is really the symbol of perseverance and what it takes to be a great researcher, ”Elliot Barnathan, a cardiologist who hired Kariko, said. 4. What was a major contributor to the cooperation of Kariko and Weissman? A. An accidental encounter. B. Shared scientific interest. C. Pursuit of the Nobel Prize. D. Demand for photocopying. 5. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in paragraph 3? A. The research at the Upenn was rewarding. B. She was fired because of her casual attitude. C. The career made her psychologically weak. D. She didn’t get the recognition she deserved. 6. How did Kariko react to her dismissal from UPenn? A. She criticized her lab colleagues. B. She switched her career goal. C She stuck to her original belief. D. She abandoned her research work. 7. What’s the author’s purpose of writing this text? A. To inform readers of Kariko’s latest research. B. To reveal the fierce competition in universities. C. To applaud the cooperation between scientists. D. To highlight a scientist’s extraordinary quality. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章旨在通过Kariko的故事展现一位科学家如何在面对行业内的困难和未获得认可的情况下，坚持自己的科学追求，井最终获得成功和认可。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The two scientists found they followed the same research direction and decided to cooperate.(两位科学家发现他们遵循相同的研究方向，并决定合作)”可知，卡里科和韦斯曼合作的主要原因是共同的科学兴趣。故选B。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“She migrated from lab to lab, relying on one senior scientist after another to take her in. She never made more than $60, 000 a year. She struggled to raise the grant funding essential for a scientific career. Kariko said she endured ridicule (奚落) from university colleagues for her pursuit. In 2013, Kariko “was kicked out from UPenn— forced to retire”. The university told her that her work was not of faculty quality, she said in an interview.(她从一个实验室搬到另一个实验室，依靠一个又一个资深科学家收留她。她一年的收入从未超过6万美元。她努力筹措科学事业所必需的经费。Kariko说，她因为自己的追求而遭受了大学同事的嘲笑。2013年，Kariko“被宾夕法尼亚大学开除——被迫退休”。她在一次采访中说，学校告诉她，她的工作不符合教师的素质)”可推知，划线句表明她没有得到应有的认可。故选D。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Yet the scientist’s commitment to her work didn’t change at all. “When I was fired, I didn’t feel sorry for myself, ”she said. “I have to focus all the energy on seeking out what’s next. ”(然而，这位科学家对工作的投入丝毫没有改变。“当我被解雇时，我并没有为自己感到难过，”她说。“我必须把所有的精力都集中在寻找下一步。”)”可知，Kariko被宾夕法尼亚大学开除后，仍然坚持她最初的信仰。故选C。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“But while both scientists endured years of professional struggle on the way to the huge success, Kariko had to overcome greater setbacks than Weissman.(但是，尽管两位科学家在取得巨大成功的道路上经历了多年的职业斗争，但Kariko必须克服比Weissman更大的挫折)”结合文章讲述了Kariko的职业生涯挑战、她不懈的努力、以及最终成功获得诺贝尔奖的故事，作者强调了Kari ko作为科学家所展现出来的坚持不懈以及在面对失败时的不屈不挠品质。可推知，作者写这篇文章的目的是强调科学家的非凡品质。故选D。 C Scientists have found something strange has been happening among sensitive bird species in the Brazilian Amazon in recent years. Not only were the birds declining in number, but their bodies were also shrinking in size. “We found that size was not only shrinking for those sensitive species-it was declining for everyone, “said researcher Vitek Jirinec of Louisiana State University. Jirinec’s findingsare contained in a new study published in the journal Science Advances last Friday. The study examined 77 species over a 40-year period, during which time the rainforest had become warmer. It found they were rapidly evolving perhaps because smaller birds remove heat more efficiently as they have more surface area in relation to volume. Brian Weeks of the University of Michigan explained it this way: “You could imagine lots of little ice cubes in a glass of water, as opposed to one big ice cube, and the little ice cubes melt faster because smaller things have larger surface area-to-volume ratios(比)，so they exchange heat more quickly. “Weeks didn’t work on this particular study, but he did research the size of more than50 species of migratory (迁徙的) birds in North America a few years back. He too found that nearly all of them were shrinking decade by decade. The two studies strengthen the idea that birds all over the planet, migratory or not, may be changing shape due to a warming climate. Weeks said these sorts of changes should concern all of us. “All around the world, people depend on natural systems. Complete natural systems provide more economic benefits to humanity than the entirety of the world’s GDP, so they matter to you whether or not you know it, Weeks said. Jirinec thought the timing of his paper’s publication could not be more fitting. The study came out on the same day as the conclusion of the UN climate change conference in Glasgow. So those results really stressed the common consequences of the actions for the planet. 8. What was a cause of the birds becoming smaller in size? A. The decrease of birds’ number. B. The sensitiveness of birds. C. A warming climate. D. The development of birds. 9. How did Brian Weeks explain birds’ getting rid of heat? A. By example and comparison. B. By analyzing the data. C. By giving enough evidence. D. By observation and research. 10. Which of the following best describes the findings of the two studies? A. Dangerous. B. Concerning. C. Demanding. D. Fantastic. 11. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To introduce two studies. B. To explain a natural phenomenon. C. To praise the conference in Glasgow. D. To make people focus on climate change. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。科学家发现，因为全球气候变暖，鸟类不仅数量在减少，而且身体也在缩小。文章介绍了科学家研究的过程以及呼吁我们应该重视这一现象。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The two studies strengthen the idea that birds all over the planet, migratory or not, may be changing shape due to a warming climate.（这两项研究加强了这一想法，全球的鸟，不管它是否迁徙，都因为全球变暖而在改变尺寸。）”可知，鸟变小的原因是全球变暖，故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Brian Weeks of the University of Michigan explained it this way: “You could imagine lots of little ice cubes in a glass of water, as opposed to one big ice cube, and the little ice cubes melt faster because smaller things have larger surface area-to-volume ratios(比)，so they exchange heat more quickly.（Brian Weeks用这种方式解释道：‘你可以想象，在一杯水里，有很多的冰块，还有一块较大的冰块。小冰块融化得更快，因为小的东西表面积比例更大，因此他们会更快交换热量’）”可知，Brian Weeks解释鸟摆脱热量是通过举例和对比，故选A。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Weeks said these sorts of changes should concern all of us. “All around the world, people depend on natural systems.（周刊说这些改变应该使我们所有人多担忧。因为全世界的人都依赖着自然系统）”可知，这两个研究是“令人担忧的”，故选B。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Complete natural systems provide more economic benefits to humanity than the entirety of the world’s GDP, so they matter to you whether or not you know it,（完整的自然系统会给人类带来更多的经济效益）”“So those results really stressed the common consequences of the actions for the planet.（所以，研究结果强调了人类行为给地球带来的后果）”可知，文章主要是通过鸟类因为人类活动大小发生了改变，从而劝说人类注意平时行为给气候变化带来的影响，故选D. D Dozens of honey bees, which usually feed on wild flowers after leaving their hives (蜂房) in the campus gardens, were tricked into the cottage to feed from an artificial flower. Only one bee was allowed in at a time, and their visits to artificial flowers were videoed and timed under different fan speeds, which mimicked (模拟) calm and windy days. But the researchers are trying to help them: it is a controlled experiment that reveals how high wind speeds significantly reduce the efficiency of their feeding. With no wind, the bees on average took nectar (花蜜) from 5.45 flowers during their 90-second time trial. When wind speeds were increased, this fell to an average of 3.73 flowers. Researchers also examined the indirect impact of higher winds by moving the flowers. The findings reveal that, while flower movement did not appear to have an effect on the bees, the movement of air from the fans made them much more hesitant to take off from a flower, with time taken ranging from an initial 0.05 seconds to 54 seconds. Georgia Hennessy, lead author of the research, said that one possible reason for the wind causing hesitancy was that small increases in wind speed reduced the bees’ body temperature, so they require longer to warm up the flight muscles required to take off. “With wind speeds predicted to increase in the years ahead, understanding how we can help bees in a changing climate is becoming ever more pressing. Although we can’t do much to control or stop the wind, we can take steps to reduce its impact on bees, such as placing hives in sheltered locations,” said Hennessy. The UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization warned last year that the decline in global bee populations was a “threat to global food security and diversity”. Dave Goulson, professor of biology at the University of Sussex, said:“Bees already face many pressures in the modern world, such as loss of habitats and exposure to pesticides (杀虫剂), and a great many are in decline. Coping with increasingly windy weather under climate change may be the final straw.” 12. What task did the researchers set for the bees? A. Identifying the new route. B. Surviving in extreme conditions. C. Feeding under different wind speeds. D. Distinguishing various kinds of flowers. 13. What probably makes a bee hesitant to take off from a flower? A. A full stomach. B. Loss of balance. C. Changed flower positions. D. Reduced body temperature. 14. What can we do to reduce the impact of high winds on bees? A. Stop the wind. B. Restore their habitats. C. Address climate change. D. Prohibit the use of pesticides. 15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Loss of bees causes failure of food crops B. Bees are on the decline as global heating worsens C. Bees may struggle in winds caused by global warming D. Artificial flowers are used for threatened bee populations 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个关于风速对蜜蜂进食效率的影响的实验，进而引出蜜蜂当下所面临的困境，并引发对于如何解决这一问题的思考。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Dozens of honey bees, which usually feed on wild flowers after leaving their hives (蜂房) in the campus gardens, were tricked into the cottage to feed from an artificial flower. Only one bee was allowed in at a time, and their visits to artificial flowers were videoed and timed under different fan speeds, which mimicked (模拟) calm and windy days.(几十只蜜蜂通常在离开校园花园的蜂巢后以野花为食，它们被骗进小屋，以一朵人造花为食。一次只允许一只蜜蜂进入，并在不同的风扇速度下对它们造访人造花进行录像和计时，模拟了平静和有风的日子)”可知，研究人员为蜜蜂设置的任务是在不同的风速下进食。故选C。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段“Georgia Hennessy, lead author of the research, said that one possible reason for the wind causing hesitancy was that small increases in wind speed reduced the bees’ body temperature, so they require longer to warm up the flight muscles required to take off.(这项研究的主要作者Georgia Hennessy说，风导致蜜蜂迟疑的一个可能原因是风速的小幅增加降低了蜜蜂的体温，因此它们需要更长的时间来预热起飞所需的飞行肌群)”可知，降低的体温导致蜜蜂从一朵花到另一朵花的迟疑。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Coping with increasingly windy weather under climate change may be the final straw.(应对气候变化下日益多风的天气可能是最后一根稻草)”可知，应对风变多的天气是最后的办法，故选C。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章内容，尤其第一段本“Dozens of honey bees, which usually feed on wild flowers after leaving their hives (蜂房) in the campus gardens, were tricked into the cottage to feed from an artificial flower. Only one bee was allowed in at a time, and their visits to artificial flowers were videoed and timed under different fan speeds, which mimicked (模拟) calm and windy days.(几十只蜜蜂通常在离开校园花园的蜂巢后以野花为食，它们被骗进小屋，以一朵人造花为食。一次只允许一只蜜蜂进入，并在不同的风扇速度下对它们造访人造花进行录像和计时，模拟了平静和有风的日子)”和最后一段的“Coping with increasingly windy weather under climate change may be the final straw.(应对气候变化下日益多风的天气可能是最后一根稻草)”可知，文主要围绕风速对于蜜蜂进食速率的影响的相关研究，进而引申出当下蜜蜂所面临的困境，以及如何解决该问题。故C项“蜜蜂可能会在全球变暖引起的大风中挣扎”可以作为本文标题。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 In a world obsessed with “more” it’s easy to overlook the power of subtraction(减法). We’re constantly bombed with messages telling us that we need more stuff, more money, and more followers. ___16___ Let’s explore the power of subtraction, and how less can truly mean more. We all have too much stuff. It’s time to clear up. Donate or sell what you don’t need or love. You’ll be amazed at how liberating it feels to live with less. ___17___The fewer possessions you have, the more you’ll appreciate what truly matters. In today’s fast-paced world, our attention is a valuable commodity. ___18___For example, excessive social media scrolling, watching TV shows nonstop or focusing too much attention on insignificant tasks is time-consuming. Subtract these time wasters and redirect your focus toward more meaningful pursuits. ___19___ Assess the people in your life and determine who uplifts you and who brings you down. Identify who helps contribute to your success and who holds you back. Subtract the poisonous individuals and invest more time and energy into the friendships that genuinely enrich your life. Our minds are often filled with worries, negative thoughts, and self-doubt. Learning to let go of this mental mess can significantly improve our overall well-being. Practice mindfulness techniques, such as yoga, to help clear your mind. ___20___ A But what if more means a richer life? B. But what if less is the secret to happiness? C. Try to subtract your unhealthy habits from your life. D. Identify meaningless activities that occupy your time. E. We must admit not all relationships are worth keeping. F. Embrace minimalism and focus on quality over quantity. G. Thus, you’ll make room for more optimism and creativity. 【答案】16. B 17. F 18. D 19. E 20. G 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是生活中“做减法”的意义以及在生活各方面如何“做减法”的建议。 【16题详解】 根据空前“In a world obsessed with “more,” it’s easy to overlook the power of subtraction(减法). We’re constantly bombed with messages telling us that we need more stuff, more money, and more followers.”(在一个痴迷于“更多”的世界里，很容易忽视减法的力量。我们持续不断地被各种信息轰炸，告诉我们要有更多的东西，更多的钱，更多的粉丝。)”可知本句强调了当今生活中主流的要做“加法”的思想，根据空后“Let’s explore the power of subtraction, and how less can truly mean more.(让我们来探索减法的力量，以及如何更少才能真正意味着更多。)”则强调了减法的力量，空处承上启下，所以空处应该缺少一个表示转折，并且是强调“减法”力量的句子，B项But what if less is the secret to happiness?(但是，如果幸福的秘诀是少呢？)承接上文，引出下文，而且选项中的But表明空前后语意上是一种转折关系，符合上下文语境。故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据空前“We all have too much stuff. It’s time to clear up. Donate or sell what you don’t need or love. You’ll be amazed at how liberating it feels to live with less.(我们都有太多的东西。该打扫了。捐赠或出售你不需要或不喜欢的东西。你会惊奇地发现少花钱是多么的自由。)”可知此处讲的是应该捐出或出售自己不需要或不喜欢的东西，根据空后“The fewer possessions you have, the more you’ll appreciate what truly matters.(拥有越少的东西，你越会欣赏那些真正重要的东西。)”可知本句强调了东西的质量胜过于东西的数量，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是我们更应该注重东西的质量而不是数量，F项Embrace minimalism and focus on quality over quantity.(拥抱极简主义，注重质量而不是数量。)指出要注重质量而不是数量，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据空前“In today’s fast-paced world, our attention is a valuable commodity.(在当今快节奏的世界里，我们的注意力是一种宝贵的商品。)”可知此处讲的是在当今快节奏的世界里，我们的注意力是非常宝贵的，根据后文“excessive social media scrolling, watching TV shows non stop or focusing too much attention on insignificant tasks is time-consuming(过度刷社交媒体，不停地看电视节目，或者把太多的注意力集中在无关紧要的任务上，这些都很耗时。)”可知本句话所提到的都是一些占据时间的不重要的活动，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是人们要学会辨别这些不重要的活动，避免浪费时间，D项 Identify meaningless activities that occupy your time.(找出那些占用你时间的无意义活动。)指出要找出占用时间的无意义的活动，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境。故选D项。 【19题详解】 空处位于句首，应是对全段的概括，根据后文“Subtract the poisonous individuals and invest more time and energy into the friendships that genuinely enrich your life.(从你的生活中去掉那些有害的人，把时间投资在真正让你的生活变得丰富的友谊中。)”可知此处强调的是我们应该把时间投资在真正让自己的生活变得丰富的友谊中，所以空处应该讲这样做的原因是什么，选项E We must admit not all relationships are worth keeping. (我们必须承认并不是所有的关系都值得保持。)指出因为并不是所有的关系都值得保持，所以要学会辨别真正让自己生活变得丰富的友谊，对全段进行概括，符合上下文语境。故选E项。 【20题详解】 空处位于段末，应对前文进行总结，根据空前“Practice mindfulness techniques, such as yoga, to help clear your mind(练习专注的技巧，比如瑜伽，来帮助你理清思路。)”可知这是一个练习专注的建议，所以空处应该是这个建议所带来的结果，G选项Thus, you’ll make room for more optimism and creativity.(因此，你会为更多的乐观和创造力腾出空间。)指出练习专注的技巧的结果，对前文进行了总结，而且G项开头的Thus刚好可以引出结果，符合逻辑，与此同时G选项中的Optimism也与前文中的negative thought相对应，符合上下文语境。故选G项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I couldn’t miss the little old lady with her kerchief (方头巾) on her head in the biting wind. I could tell she was___21___. I decided to stop and offer her a___22___. Of course, she declined, but when I asked again and insisted, ___23___ she got in the car. I took her to her destination, and by the time she got out of my car, she was___24___and thanked me. I was late for work that day, but I was so glad that I___25___That was 40 years ago, and the beginning of a new___26___ one that continues when I’m out driving in cold or bad weather. Once, a young doctor jumped in. She had___27___a long shift and had been waiting at the bus stop to go home. When asked to get in my car, she had no___28___and, for the first time, I was able to help someone who___29___medical miracles on a daily basis. That felt good. But the best part of what my ride offers is the___30___. I do tend to ask a lot of questions. ___31___, everyone wants to chat. We are usually laughing by the time the ride is over. Now as retirement___32___, I believe I have found my calling. I will be happy to join a community driving___33___to take people where they want to go. As the years pass, perhaps I will be the one standing at the bus stop. Perhaps there will be somebody who___34___a window and offers me a ride. I will continue to have___35___in the kindness of strangers. 21. A. freezing B. appealing C. shining D. demanding 22. A. message B. job C. ride D. drink 23. A. amazingly B. gradually C. finally D. instantly 24. A. struggling B. smiling C. explaining D. waiting 25 A. hesitated B. realized C. reflected D. stopped 26. A. story B. habit C. trick D. solution 27. A. finished B. begun C. forgotten D. intended 28. A. opportunity B. passion C. hesitation D. anxiety 29. A. performed B. adjusted C. prevented D. recognized 30. A. reputation B. application C. adaptation D. conversation 31. A. Thankfully B. Particularly C. Strangely D. Formally 32. A. differs B. reveals C. continues D. approaches 33. A. school B. test C. program D. course 34. A. winds up B. rolls down C. pulls up D. breaks down 35. A. faith B. interest C. delight D. potential 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者在一个冬日让一个老人搭车，从此养成了在恶劣天气让陌生人搭车的习惯。作者乐于这么做，准备退休以后继续这项事业。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我看得出来她冻坏了。A. freezing极冷；B. appealing吸引人的；C. shining发光的；D. demanding要求高的。根据上文“I couldn’t miss the little old lady with her kerchief on her head in the biting wind.(刺骨的寒风中，我不能错过那个头上戴着头巾的小老太太)”可知，老人很冷。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定停下来载她一程。A. message信息；B. job工作；C. ride骑车，免费搭车；D. drink饮料。根据后文“she got in the car”可知，作者想让老人搭车，ride表示“免费搭车”符合语境。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当然，她拒绝了，但当我再次要求并坚持时，她终于上了车。A. amazingly惊人地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. finally最后；D. instantly立即。根据后文“she got in the car”指老人终于上了车。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把她送到目的地，当她从我的车里出来的时候，她微笑着感谢我。A. struggling努力；B. smiling微笑；C. explaining解释；D. waiting等待。根据后文“and thanked me”可知，老人得到了帮助，微笑感谢作者。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天我上班迟到了，但我很高兴我停下来了。A. hesitated犹豫；B. realized意识到；C. reflected反应；D. stopped停止。呼应上文“I decided to stop”指停车帮助老人。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那是40年前的事了，我开始养成了一个新习惯——每当我在寒冷或恶劣的天气里开车时，这个习惯都会延续下去。A. story故事；B. habit习惯；C. trick诡计；D. solution解决方案。根据后文“one that continues when I’m out driving in cold or bad weather.”可知，作者养成了在恶劣天气让行人搭车的习惯。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她已经结束了长时间的轮班，一直在公共汽车站等着回家。A. finished结束；B. begun开始；C. forgotten忘记；D. intended打算。根据后文“had been waiting at the bus stop to go home”可知，医生刚结束轮班，准备回家。故选A。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我请她上我的车时，她毫不犹豫，这是我第一次能够帮助一个每天都能创造医学奇迹的人。A. opportunity机会；B. passion激情；C. hesitation犹豫；D. anxiety焦虑。根据上文“When asked to get in my car, she had no”可知，指对方毫不犹豫就上了车。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我请她上我的车时，她毫不犹豫，这是我第一次能够帮助一个每天都能创造医学奇迹的人。A. performed表演，表现；B. adjusted调整；C. prevented阻止；D. recognized识别。根据后文“medical miracles on a daily basis”指医生是可以每天都能创造医学奇迹的人，perform表示“起作用，表现”符合语境。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我乘坐的这趟车最棒的地方在于能和人交谈。A. reputation名誉；B. application申请；C. adaptation改编；D. conversation对话。根据后文“I do tend to ask a lot of questions.(我确实倾向于问很多问题)”可知，作者会和搭车的人交谈，故选D。 【31题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，每个人都想聊天。A. Thankfully感谢地；B. Particularly非常；C. Strangely奇怪地；D. Formally正式地。根据后文“everyone wants to chat”可知，作者庆幸搭车的人都愿意聊天。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在随着退休的临近，我相信我已经找到了自己的使命。A. differs不同于；B. reveals揭露；C. continues继续；D. approaches靠近。根据上文“Now as retirement”指作者临近退休了。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很乐意参加一个社区驾驶项目，带人们去他们想去的地方。A. school学校；B. test测试；C. program项目；D. course课程。根据后文“to take people where they want to go”可知，此处指参加社区驾驶项目，带人们去他们想去的地方。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：也许会有人摇下车窗，载我一程。A. winds up结束；B. rolls down滚下，摇下；C. pulls up停下来；D. breaks down出故障。根据后文“a window and offers me a ride”指陌生人摇下车窗，让作者搭车。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我将继续相信陌生人的善良。A. faith信念；B. interest兴趣；C. delight高兴；D. potential潜力。根据后文“in the kindness of strangers”表示相信陌生人的善良，短语为have faith in表示“相信”。故选A。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pillows (枕头) have been used in China for thousands of years and hold a significant place in Chinese culture. In modern times, we enjoy a wide range of pillows ____36____ (fill) with synthetic fibers, down, or feathers. However, it is interesting to explore ____37____ ancient Chinese people used as pillows. Based on historical records, the development of pillows in China can be learned ____38____ various materials. Pillows used to ____39____ (divide) into hard and soft types, with stone and wooden pillows appearing earliest in history. The origins of pillows can be traced back to the middle Paleolithic period. During that time, people ____40____ (unknowing) used objects like stones, sticks, or pieces of animal skin as head support, ____41____ (serve) as the earliest prototypes (原型) of pillows. References to pillows can also be found in historical documents in ancient China. For instance, a stanza of Shijing, the ____42____ (old) existing collection of Chinese poetry ____43____ (refer) to a pillow, describing how a melancholic beauty finds it difficult to sleep. For the duration of the Warring States period, pillows in China was a ____44____ (present) of a certain level of craftsmanship and delicacy. The earliest discovered pillow in China was a wooden one unearthed in _____45_____ Chu state tomb. 【答案】36. filled 37. what 38. through##from 39. be divided 40. unknowingly 41. serving 42. oldest 43. refers 44. presentation 45. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古代枕头的材质、历史演变及文化意义。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在现代，我们享受着各种各样的枕头，里面填充着合成纤维、羽绒或羽毛。空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，fill与逻辑主语pillows之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填filled。 【37题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：然而，探索古代中国人用什么作为枕头是很有趣的。空处引导宾语从句，作动词explore的宾语，从句中缺少used的宾语，所以使用连接代词what，表示“什么”。故填what。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：根据历史记载，我们可以从各种材料中了解到中国枕头的发展。根据句意可知，此处表示“从……中”或“通过……”，所以使用介词through或from。故填through/from。 【39题详解】 考查被动语态。句意：枕头过去被分为硬枕头和软枕头，其中石枕和木枕在历史上出现得最早。used to do sth.意为“过去常常做某事”，空处使用动词原形，divide与主语pillows之间为被动关系，所以使用被动语态be divided。故填be divided。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：在那段时间里，人们无意识地用石头、树枝或动物皮等物体作为头部支撑，这些物体就是枕头的最早原型。空处修饰动词used，应用unknowing的副词形式unknowingly，表示“无意识地”，作状语。故填unknowingly。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。空处为非谓语动词作状语，serve与逻辑主语objects之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填serving。 【42题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：例如，中国现存最古老的诗歌总集《诗经》中有一节提到了枕头，描述了一位忧郁的美人难以入眠的情景。根据空前the可知，此处为形容词最高级形式，表示“最古老的”。故填oldest。 【43题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：同上。空处为谓语动词，句子描述的是客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语a stanza of Shijing为单数，所以谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填refers。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：战国时期，中国的枕头呈现出一定的工艺水平和精致度。根据空前的不定冠词a和空后的of可知，空处应填名词单数形式。present作名词时，意为“礼物；现在”，但结合语境，此处表示“呈现出某种工艺水平”，需用名词presentation，意为“呈现；展示”。故填presentation。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在中国发现的最早的枕头是在楚国墓葬中出土的一个木枕。此处表示泛指“一座楚国墓葬”，所以使用不定冠词，Chu是以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是高二学生李华。你校准备开展“绿色校园”活动，现向学生公开征集活动方案。请你向负责该活动的老师Mr. Smith写信，提出你的建议，内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 活动形式和内容； 3. 表达期望。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右：请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Smith, I’m Li Hua, a Senior 2 student. I’m writing to share my ideas for the upcoming “Green Campus” activity. Firstly, we could hold a recycling competition among classes, collecting paper, plastic bottles, and used batteries for a week. The class collecting the most wins a prize. Secondly, we could organize a tree-planting or flower-growing event on campus. Students can volunteer to plant and care for the plants. I believe these activities would make our campus greener and raise environmental awareness. Thank you for considering my suggestions. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以高二学生李华的身份，向负责“绿色校园”活动的老师Mr. Smith写信，提出关于活动形式和内容的建议，并表达期望。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 即将到来的：upcoming → forthcoming 比赛：competition → contest 照顾：care for → look after 首先：firstly → initially 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Firstly, we could hold a recycling competition among classes, collecting paper, plastic bottles, and used batteries for a week. 拓展句：Firstly, we could hold a recycling competition among classes where students collect paper, plastic bottles, and used batteries for a week. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The class collecting the most wins a prize. (运用了现在分词短语作后置定语) 【高分句型2】I believe these activities would make our campus greener and raise environmental awareness. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a bright, warm July afternoon, Mac Hollan, a primary school teacher, was cycling from his home to Alaska with his friends. One of his friends had stopped to make a bicycle repair, but they had encouraged Mac to carry on, and they would catch up with him soon. As Mac pedaled(骑行) along alone, he thought fondly of his wife and two young daughters at home. He hoped to show them this beautiful place someday. Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him. ”Man, that’s a big dog!" he thought. But when he looked to the side, he saw instantly that it wasn’t a dog at all, but a wolf, quickly catching up with him. Mac’s heart jumped. He found out his can of bear spray. With one hand on the bars, he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal, and to Mac’s relief, it fell back, shaking its head. But a minute later, it was by his side again. Then it attacked the back of Mac’s bike, tearing open his tent bag. He fired at the wolf a second time, and again, it fell back only to quickly restart the chase(追赶). Mac was pedaling hard now. He waved and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to slow down. He saw a steep uphill climb before him. He knew that once he hit the hill, he’d be easily caught up and the wolf’s teeth would be tearing into his flesh. At this moment, Paul and Becky were driving their car on their way to Alaska. They didn’t think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road. A bit later, they spotted what they, too, assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike. As they got closer, they realized that the dog was a wolf. Mac heard a large vehicle behind him. He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast, just a dozen yards away now. 注意：1、续写词数应为150个左右; 2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The car abruptly stopped in front of him. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: The car abruptly stopped in front of him. Mac jumped off his bicycle and rushed to the door of the car. But before Mac could open the door, the wolf had caught up and jumped to attack. Luckily, the magic spray saved Mac a third time. Seeing the wolf back off, Paul quickly unlocked the door, and the frightened man climbed into the car in no time, shutting the door behind him heavily. Becky looked out of the back window and saw the wolf standing over Mac’s bicycle as if it were a kill. Soon after, the animal ran off. Paragraph 2: A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived. Mac got out of the car and hugged his friends. “It was really a nightmare and I thought I was going to die,” said Mac in a shaky voice, tears gathering in his eyes. For him, life could never be more beautiful. After saying goodbye to Paul and Becky with gratitude, the three men continued their trip, agreeing never to separate again. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述Mac Hollan在与朋友一起骑行时，一位朋友停下来修自行车，他们鼓励Mac Hollan一个人先骑走，说等会就会赶上来。结果，Mac Hollan不幸遇到了一头狼，在逃生中，遇到了驾车的Paul 和Becky。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“这辆车突然停在了他面前。”可知，第一段可描写Paul 和Becky帮助Mac成功逃离狼口的过程。 ②由第二段首句内容“几分钟后，其他两位骑行的人也到了。”可知，第二段可描写Mac告诉自己的两位朋友自己死里逃生的经历，表达对Paul 和Becky的感谢以及感悟。 2.续写线索：Mac跳下自行车跑向汽车——狼攻击——Paul和Becky想法救助——Mac安全——遇见朋友并诉说事情的经过——感谢Paul和Becky——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①看见：see/notice/observe ②拥抱：hug/embrace/hold in arms ③继续：continue/go on/keep on 情绪类 ①感谢：appreciation/gratitude ②害怕的：frightened/horrified 【点睛】[高分句型1] Becky looked out of the back window and saw the wolf standing over Mac’s bicycle as if it were a kill.（由连接词as if引导的状语从句） [高分句型2]“It was really a nightmare and I thought I was going to die,” said Mac in a shaky voice, tears gathering in his eyes.（运用了that引导的宾语从句且省略了that以及非谓语中的独立主格结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024—2025学年度第二学期第二次学情调研 高二英语 （试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 1. What is wrong with the jacket? A. It’s not warm enough. B. It’s not a good color. C. It doesn’t fit well. 2. How does the woman feel? A. Amazed. B. Pleased. C. Disappointed. 3 How often does the woman exercise? A. Once a day. B. Once a week. C. Once a month. 4. What time is it now? A. 4:00 p.m. B. 5:00 p.m. C. 6:00 p.m. 5 Where are the speakers? A. In a library. B. In a restaurant. C. In a classroom. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the woman ask about her trip? A. Accommodation. B. Transportation. C. Entertainment. 7. Where does the man suggest the woman visit first? A. Disneyland. B. The Balboa Park. C. The San Diego Zoo. 所第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What’s the man concerned about? A. The cat is acting unusually. B The woman hasn’t eaten anything yet. C. Sarah has been gone for a few days. 9. Where is Sarah? A. At school. B. At a camp. C. At a hospital. 10. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Father and daughter. B. Patient and doctor. C. Husband and wife. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Why is the man talking to the woman? A. To change his current plan. B. To correct a mistake on his phone bill. C. To get some information about different plans. 12. When will the man probably get the new bill? A. Later today. B. Two weeks later. C. The day after tomorrow. 13. What is the woman like? A. Careless. B. Patient. C. Impolite. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Choosing a major. B. Applying to colleges. C. Registering for classes. 15. Why did the man’s mother think economics was a good choice? A. She thought it was interesting. B. She thought it would be easier to study. C. She thought it could provide a better future. 16. Where does the man probably work? A. In a bank. B. In a university. C. In a company. 17. What does the woman really hope to do? A. Take some interesting classes. B. Choose history as her major. C. Find a subject she enjoys. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题 18. Why might “clean meat” be popular? A. It is good to human and nature. B. It deals with food shortages. C. It proves a scientific theory. 19. How much of the global meat industry might “clean meat” occupy? A. A half. B. A third. C. A tenth. 20. What is special about Eat Just’s product? A. It uses different plants. B. It uses plant cells. C. It uses animal cells. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Park City has something for every multigenerational family. Whether you’re trying to tire out kids, comfort teenagers, and satisfy core skiers, you’ll have no problem finding something that the whole family will enjoy. Skiing at Park City Mountain and Deer Valley Deer Valley and Park City Mountain offer thousands of acres of terrain for all skiers. Whether you like carving freshly groomed runs, ripping powder and trees, or are just honing your skills on green and blue runs-all riders can find something they like! Each resort provides exceptional experiences on and off the mountain. With plentiful skiing, easy transportation, and tons of close lodging, starting your family trip on the slopes is a no-brainer. Art classes at the Kimball Art Center The Kimball Art Center is a great place to escape the cold weather, and let your creative juices flow. The Kimball Art Center has a variety of art classes that are offered several days every week. Classes cover a wide variety of art styles including pottery, painting, textiles, and even glass making. To make it easy for families, all of their classes can be sorted by the best ages, so you can be certain to sign up for a class that suits your unique group well. Family Sleigh Ride in Park City If you’re looking for a nice way to relieve stress at the end of the day, a family sleigh ride is one of our favorite activities. Bundle up together under blankets as you’re pulled through the snow behind a team of horses, and you’ll quickly feel like you’ve been transported to another time. With our young kids, we found that taking a short sleigh ride followed by dinner at Cena, was a perfect combination. Park City Escape Room If you’re looking for a bit of a mental challenge, and are willing to really work together as a team, make sure to visit the Park City Escape Room. With several themed rooms, your family will work together to solve a puzzle and figure out how to escape. Escape rooms are fantastic for multigenerational families and big groups, since everyone has something unique to bring to the game. 1. Which activity reflects the cooperative ability of family members? A. Skiing at Deer Valley. B. Art classes at the Kimball Art Center. C. Park City Escape Room. D. Family Sleigh Ride in Park City. 2. What can the family do in the sleigh ride in Park City? A. Experience horse-riding. B. Relax themselves. C. Travel to the long past. D. Dine on a sleigh. 3. What is probably expected for the four activities in Park City? A. Household participation. B. Adventurous spirit. C. Family background. D. Professional skills. B In 1997, the Hungarian biochemist Katalin Kariko met another struggling researcher, the American immunologist Drew Weissman, as they queued to photocopy scientific papers at the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn). The two scientists found they followed the same research direction and decided to cooperate. Now, their partnership achieved the peak of scientific recognition. They jointly won the Nobel Prize in Medicine. But while both scientists endured years of professional struggle on the way to the huge success, Kariko had to overcome greater setbacks than Weissman. For decades she never found a permanent position. Having grown up in a village in a house without running water or a refrigerator, Kariko got a biochemistry doctorate in Szeged before she and her husband sold their car, sewed some cash into their toddler daughter’s teddy bear and went to the U. S. on a one-way ticket. The daughter became a U. S. national rower and Olympic gold winner. Kariko worked in a few different research jobs before landing a junior position at the UPenn. And for many years her career at the UPenn was fragile. She migrated from lab to lab, relying on one senior scientist after another to take her in. She never made more than $60, 000 a year. She struggled to raise the grant funding essential for a scientific career. Kariko said she endured ridicule (奚落) from university colleagues for her pursuit. In 2013, Kariko “was kicked out from UPenn— forced to retire”. The university told her that her work was not of faculty quality, she said in an interview. Yet the scientist’s commitment to her work didn’t change at all. “When I was fired, I didn’t feel sorry for myself, ”she said. “I have to focus all the energy on seeking out what’s next. ” In a news conference held at UPenn, she encouraged young scientists to love learning to solve problems and to be prepared for failure. “You have to learn how to handle the failure, because most of the time, we don’t understand-we make an experiment and the outcome is not what we want, ” Kariko said. Researchers in Kariko’s field are full of admiration for her generosity and persistence. “She is really the symbol of perseverance and what it takes to be a great researcher, ”Elliot Barnathan, a cardiologist who hired Kariko, said. 4. What was a major contributor to the cooperation of Kariko and Weissman? A. An accidental encounter. B. Shared scientific interest. C. Pursuit of the Nobel Prize. D. Demand for photocopying. 5. What can be inferred from the underlined sentence in paragraph 3? A. The research at the Upenn was rewarding. B. She was fired because of her casual attitude. C. The career made her psychologically weak. D. She didn’t get the recognition she deserved. 6. How did Kariko react to her dismissal from UPenn? A. She criticized her lab colleagues. B. She switched her career goal. C. She stuck to her original belief. D. She abandoned her research work. 7. What’s the author’s purpose of writing this text? A. To inform readers of Kariko’s latest research. B. To reveal the fierce competition in universities. C. To applaud the cooperation between scientists. D. To highlight a scientist’s extraordinary quality. C Scientists have found something strange has been happening among sensitive bird species in the Brazilian Amazon in recent years. Not only were the birds declining in number, but their bodies were also shrinking in size. “We found that size was not only shrinking for those sensitive species-it was declining for everyone, “said researcher Vitek Jirinec of Louisiana State University. Jirinec’s findingsare contained in a new study published in the journal Science Advances last Friday. The study examined 77 species over a 40-year period, during which time the rainforest had become warmer. It found they were rapidly evolving perhaps because smaller birds remove heat more efficiently as they have more surface area in relation to volume. Brian Weeks of the University of Michigan explained it this way: “You could imagine lots of little ice cubes in a glass of water, as opposed to one big ice cube, and the little ice cubes melt faster because smaller things have larger surface area-to-volume ratios(比)，so they exchange heat more quickly. “Weeks didn’t work on this particular study, but he did research the size of more than50 species of migratory (迁徙的) birds in North America a few years back. He too found that nearly all of them were shrinking decade by decade. The two studies strengthen the idea that birds all over the planet, migratory or not, may be changing shape due to a warming climate. Weeks said these sorts of changes should concern all of us. “All around the world, people depend on natural systems. Complete natural systems provide more economic benefits to humanity than the entirety of the world’s GDP, so they matter to you whether or not you know it, Weeks said. Jirinec thought the timing of his paper’s publication could not be more fitting. The study came out on the same day as the conclusion of the UN climate change conference in Glasgow. So those results really stressed the common consequences of the actions for the planet. 8. What was a cause of the birds becoming smaller in size? A. The decrease of birds’ number. B. The sensitiveness of birds. C. A warming climate. D. The development of birds. 9. How did Brian Weeks explain birds’ getting rid of heat? A. By example and comparison. B. By analyzing the data. C. By giving enough evidence. D. By observation and research. 10. Which of the following best describes the findings of the two studies? A. Dangerous. B. Concerning. C. Demanding. D. Fantastic. 11. What’s the purpose of the text? A. To introduce two studies. B. To explain a natural phenomenon. C. To praise the conference in Glasgow. D. To make people focus on climate change. D Dozens of honey bees which usually feed on wild flowers after leaving their hives (蜂房) in the campus gardens, were tricked into the cottage to feed from an artificial flower. Only one bee was allowed in at a time, and their visits to artificial flowers were videoed and timed under different fan speeds, which mimicked (模拟) calm and windy days. But the researchers are trying to help them: it is a controlled experiment that reveals how high wind speeds significantly reduce the efficiency of their feeding. With no wind, the bees on average took nectar (花蜜) from 5.45 flowers during their 90-second time trial. When wind speeds were increased, this fell to an average of 3.73 flowers. Researchers also examined the indirect impact of higher winds by moving the flowers. The findings reveal that, while flower movement did not appear to have an effect on the bees, the movement of air from the fans made them much more hesitant to take off from a flower, with time taken ranging from an initial 0.05 seconds to 54 seconds. Georgia Hennessy, lead author of the research, said that one possible reason for the wind causing hesitancy was that small increases in wind speed reduced the bees’ body temperature, so they require longer to warm up the flight muscles required to take off. “With wind speeds predicted to increase in the years ahead, understanding how we can help bees in a changing climate is becoming ever more pressing. Although we can’t do much to control or stop the wind, we can take steps to reduce its impact on bees, such as placing hives in sheltered locations,” said Hennessy. The UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization warned last year that the decline in global bee populations was a “threat to global food security and diversity”. Dave Goulson, professor of biology at the University of Sussex, said:“Bees already face many pressures in the modern world, such as loss of habitats and exposure to pesticides (杀虫剂), and a great many are in decline. Coping with increasingly windy weather under climate change may be the final straw.” 12. What task did the researchers set for the bees? A. Identifying the new route. B. Surviving in extreme conditions. C. Feeding under different wind speeds. D. Distinguishing various kinds of flowers. 13. What probably makes a bee hesitant to take off from a flower? A. A full stomach. B. Loss of balance. C Changed flower positions. D. Reduced body temperature. 14. What can we do to reduce the impact of high winds on bees? A. Stop the wind. B. Restore their habitats. C. Address climate change. D. Prohibit the use of pesticides. 15. Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A. Loss of bees causes failure of food crops B. Bees are on the decline as global heating worsens C. Bees may struggle in winds caused by global warming D. Artificial flowers are used for threatened bee populations 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 In a world obsessed with “more” it’s easy to overlook the power of subtraction(减法). We’re constantly bombed with messages telling us that we need more stuff, more money, and more followers. ___16___ Let’s explore the power of subtraction, and how less can truly mean more. We all have too much stuff. It’s time to clear up. Donate or sell what you don’t need or love. You’ll be amazed at how liberating it feels to live with less. ___17___The fewer possessions you have, the more you’ll appreciate what truly matters. In today’s fast-paced world, our attention is a valuable commodity. ___18___For example, excessive social media scrolling, watching TV shows nonstop or focusing too much attention on insignificant tasks is time-consuming. Subtract these time wasters and redirect your focus toward more meaningful pursuits. ___19___ Assess the people in your life and determine who uplifts you and who brings you down. Identify who helps contribute to your success and who holds you back. Subtract the poisonous individuals and invest more time and energy into the friendships that genuinely enrich your life. Our minds are often filled with worries, negative thoughts, and self-doubt. Learning to let go of this mental mess can significantly improve our overall well-being. Practice mindfulness techniques, such as yoga, to help clear your mind. ___20___ A. But what if more means a richer life? B. But what if less is the secret to happiness? C. Try to subtract your unhealthy habits from your life. D. Identify meaningless activities that occupy your time. E. We must admit not all relationships are worth keeping. F. Embrace minimalism and focus on quality over quantity. G. Thus, you’ll make room for more optimism and creativity. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I couldn’t miss the little old lady with her kerchief (方头巾) on her head in the biting wind. I could tell she was___21___. I decided to stop and offer her a___22___. Of course, she declined, but when I asked again and insisted, ___23___ she got in the car. I took her to her destination, and by the time she got out of my car, she was___24___and thanked me. I was late for work that day, but I was so glad that I___25___That was 40 years ago, and the beginning of a new___26___ one that continues when I’m out driving in cold or bad weather. Once, a young doctor jumped in. She had___27___a long shift and had been waiting at the bus stop to go home. When asked to get in my car, she had no___28___and, for the first time, I was able to help someone who___29___medical miracles on a daily basis. That felt good. But the best part of what my ride offers is the___30___. I do tend to ask a lot of questions. ___31___, everyone wants to chat. We are usually laughing by the time the ride is over. Now as retirement___32___, I believe I have found my calling. I will be happy to join a community driving___33___to take people where they want to go. As the years pass, perhaps I will be the one standing at the bus stop. Perhaps there will be somebody who___34___a window and offers me a ride. I will continue to have___35___in the kindness of strangers. 21. A. freezing B. appealing C. shining D. demanding 22. A. message B. job C. ride D. drink 23. A. amazingly B. gradually C. finally D. instantly 24. A. struggling B. smiling C. explaining D. waiting 25. A. hesitated B. realized C. reflected D. stopped 26. A. story B. habit C. trick D. solution 27. A. finished B. begun C. forgotten D. intended 28. A. opportunity B. passion C. hesitation D. anxiety 29. A. performed B. adjusted C. prevented D. recognized 30. A. reputation B. application C. adaptation D. conversation 31. A. Thankfully B. Particularly C. Strangely D. Formally 32. A. differs B. reveals C. continues D. approaches 33. A. school B. test C. program D. course 34. A. winds up B. rolls down C. pulls up D. breaks down 35. A. faith B. interest C. delight D. potential 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Pillows (枕头) have been used in China for thousands of years and hold a significant place in Chinese culture. In modern times, we enjoy a wide range of pillows ____36____ (fill) with synthetic fibers, down, or feathers. However, it is interesting to explore ____37____ ancient Chinese people used as pillows. Based on historical records, the development of pillows in China can be learned ____38____ various materials. Pillows used to ____39____ (divide) into hard and soft types, with stone and wooden pillows appearing earliest in history. The origins of pillows can be traced back to the middle Paleolithic period. During that time, people ____40____ (unknowing) used objects like stones, sticks, or pieces of animal skin as head support, ____41____ (serve) as the earliest prototypes (原型) of pillows. References to pillows can also be found in historical documents in ancient China. For instance, a stanza of Shijing, the ____42____ (old) existing collection of Chinese poetry ____43____ (refer) to a pillow, describing how a melancholic beauty finds it difficult to sleep. For the duration of the Warring States period, pillows in China was a ____44____ (present) of a certain level of craftsmanship and delicacy. The earliest discovered pillow in China was a wooden one unearthed in _____45_____ Chu state tomb. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假设你是高二学生李华。你校准备开展“绿色校园”活动，现向学生公开征集活动方案。请你向负责该活动的老师Mr. Smith写信，提出你的建议，内容包括： 1. 写信目的； 2. 活动形式和内容； 3. 表达期望。 注意：写作词数应为80个左右：请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a bright, warm July afternoon, Mac Hollan, a primary school teacher, was cycling from his home to Alaska with his friends. One of his friends had stopped to make a bicycle repair, but they had encouraged Mac to carry on, and they would catch up with him soon. As Mac pedaled(骑行) along alone, he thought fondly of his wife and two young daughters at home. He hoped to show them this beautiful place someday. Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him. ”Man, that’s a big dog!" he thought. But when he looked to the side, he saw instantly that it wasn’t a dog at all, but a wolf, quickly catching up with him. Mac’s heart jumped. He found out his can of bear spray. With one hand on the bars, he fired the spray at the wolf. A bright red cloud enveloped the animal, and to Mac’s relief, it fell back, shaking its head. But a minute later, it was by his side again. Then it attacked the back of Mac’s bike, tearing open his tent bag. He fired at the wolf a second time, and again, it fell back only to quickly restart the chase(追赶). Mac was pedaling hard now. He waved and yelled at passing cars but was careful not to slow down. He saw a steep uphill climb before him. He knew that once he hit the hill, he’d be easily caught up and the wolf’s teeth would be tearing into his flesh. At this moment, Paul and Becky were driving their car on their way to Alaska. They didn’t think much of it when they saw two cyclists repairing their bike on the side of the road. A bit later, they spotted what they, too, assumed was a dog running alongside a man on a bike. As they got closer, they realized that the dog was a wolf. Mac heard a large vehicle behind him. He pulled in front of it as the wolf was catching up fast, just a dozen yards away now. 注意：1、续写词数应为150个左右; 2、请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The car abruptly stopped in front of him. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A few minutes later, the other two cyclists arrived. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$