专题02 Unit 1 A new start(Understanding ideas)-【小升初】2025年新七年级英语暑期英衔接讲义(外研版2024)

2025-06-09
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 初中英语外研版七年级上册
年级 七年级
章节 Understanding ideas
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 寒暑假-暑假
学年 2025-2026
地区(省份) 全国
地区(市) -
地区(区县) -
文件格式 ZIP
文件大小 1.48 MB
发布时间 2025-06-09
更新时间 2025-06-09
作者 小米夏
品牌系列 -
审核时间 2025-06-09
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Unit 1 A new start (Understanding ideas) 单词学习 1 grow /ɡrəʊ/ v 成长,长大 2 paint /peɪnt/ v 油漆,涂料 3 start /stɑːt/ v 创办,建立 4 better /ˈbet.ər/ adj 更好的,更好的 5 plan /plæn/ n 计划 6 complete /kəmˈpliːt/ v 使完成 7 without /wɪˈðaʊt/ prep 快至,没有 8 sentence /ˈsen.təns/ n 句子 9 mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n 错误 10 polite /pəˈlaɪt/ adj 有礼貌的 11 mind /maɪnd/ n 头脑,心思 12 hers /hɜːz/ pron 她的 13 dry /draɪ/ adj 干燥的,枯燥的 14 meaning /ˈmiː.nɪŋ/ n 意思,含义 15 fact /fækt/ n 事实,实际 16 in fact /ɪn fækt/ 事实上 17 important /ɪmˈpɔː.tənt/ adj 重要的,重大的 18 remember /rɪˈmem.bər/ v 记住,记得 19 really /ˈrɪə.li/ adv 真的,实在 20 choose /tʃuːz/ v 挑选,选择 21 main /meɪn/ adj 主要的,最大的 22 expression /ɪkˈspreʃ.ən/ n 词语,表达方式 23 point /pɔɪnt/ v 指出,指 24 point out /pɔɪnt aʊt/ 指出,点出 25 praise /preɪz/ v 赞扬,表扬 26 other /ˈʌð.ər/ adj 其他的,另外的 27 grammar /ˈɡræm.ər/ n 语法 28 rule /ruːl/ n 规则,定律 29 circle /ˈsɜː.kəl/ v 画圈,圈出 30 mine /maɪn/ pron 我的 31 diary /ˈdaɪə.ri/ n 日记,日记簿 32 bell /bel/ n 铃,钟 33 ring /rɪŋ/ v 打电话,按铃 34 into /ˈɪn.tuː/ prep 到...里,进入 35 ourselves /aʊəˈselvz/ pron 我们自己 36 silly /ˈsɪl.i/ adj 愚蠢的,傻的 37 just /dʒʌst/ adv 刚才,仅仅 38 smile /smaɪl/ n 微笑 39 lucky /ˈlʌk.i/ adj 幸运的,侥幸的 40 until /ənˈtɪl/ prep 直到...为止 41 happen /ˈhæp.ən/ v 发生,出现 42 during /ˈdjʊə.rɪŋ/ prep 在...期间 课文解析 Reading The First Class in Junior High Our English teacher Ms Chen wrote the sentence on the blackboard and said, “please write this down.” We started to write. I wrote down the first word and stopped. “That’s not right. But is it OK to point out the mistake? Is that polite, in the first lesson?” Questions jumped into my mind. “Why aren’t you writing, Wang Han?” I looked up at Ms Chen. My eyes met hers. My mouth felt dry. But then I thought about the meaning of the sentence, I put up my hand. “Ms Chen, there’s a mistake, I said. “That sentence is from Confucius, not from Mencius.” “Well done, Wang Han. In fact, this is my first lesson for all of you. You are now in junior high school. Learning will be more difficult. It’s important to think more in your learning. Please always remember this.” That’s a really an important lesson! 初中一年级 我们的英语老师陈老师在黑板上写下一句话,然后说道:“请把这个写下来。”我们开始写字。我写下了第一个单词,然后停了下来。“这不对。但在第一堂课上指出错误可以吗?这算礼貌吗?” 这些问题突然在我脑海中涌现。“王涵,你怎么不写字了?”我抬起头看着陈老师。我的嘴巴感到有些干燥。但随后我想到了这句话的意思。我举起了手。“陈老师,这里有个错误,”我说。“这句话是孔子说的,不是孟子。”“做得好,王涵。事实上,这是我给你们所有人的第一课。你们现在是初中生了。学习会更加困难。在学习中多思考是很重要的。请记住这一点。”这确实是一堂重要的课! 知识解析1 1 Complete the questionnaire. 完成调查问卷。 complete/kəmˈpli:t/ v.使完整 I need one more stamp to complete the set.再有一张邮票,我就集齐一整套了。 拓展(1)[及物动词]完成,结束 同义词是finish。 In 1988, Hawking completed his book A Brief History of Time.1988年,霍金完成了他的著作《时间简史》。 (2)[形容词]完整的;完全的 副词形式为completely(完全地)。 He made a complete sentence with the new word.他用新单词造了一个完整的句子。 People were completely shocked when they heard the news. 当人们听到这个消息时,他们完全震惊了。 2 Learning without thinking is of no use. 学而不思则罔。 without(反义词:with[介词]有,具有) /wɪð ˈaʊt/ prep.缺乏;没有 [介词] 后接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语,常用来表示伴随或假设的情况。 A friend without faults will never be found. 没有十全十美 的朋友。 3 Please write this down. 请把这句话抄下来。 write down (同义短语为take down或put down)写下,(在纸上)记下 是“动词+副词”型短语。 write down+名词=write+名词+down write+人称代词(只能放中间)+down Write down your ideas.=Write your ideas down. 写下你的想法。 These are new words. Please write them down.这些是生词。请把它们写下来。 拓展 常见的“动词+down”短语还有: 典例 根据汉语意思完成句子。 毕业典礼上,学生们在签名册上写下了自己的名字。 Students ______________________________ their names in the album at the graduation ceremony. 答案:wrote down/took down/put down 4 But is it OK to point out the mistake? 但是,指出这个错误合适吗? point /pɔɪnt/ v.指;用(手指)指 [动词]常和out、to、at等搭配。 point out指出,指明 point at指着 point to指向 【语境串记】 Yesterday I met a foreigner on the street. She pointed to the north and asked me,“Is that the Beijing Zoo?”“No,” I said. I pointed at the map and told her how to get there. She was grateful to me for pointing out her mistake.昨天我在街上遇到了一个外国人。她指向北边并问我:“那是北京动物园吗?”“不是。”我说道。我指着地图告诉她怎么去那儿。她很感激我指出了她的错误。 mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n.错误 mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n.错误 make a mistake/make mistakes (in...)(在……方面)犯错误 learn from mistakes从错误中吸取教训 by mistake错误地;无意中 The old saying “A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.” means we should learn from mistakes and avoid making the same mistakes again.古语“吃一堑,长一智”意味着我们应该从错误中吸取教训,避免再犯同样的错误。 拓展[动词]误解; 弄错 其过去式为mistook。 mistake...for...把……错当成…… He mistook Mary for her twin sister and that made them laugh a lot. 他把玛丽错认成她的双胞胎妹妹,这让他们开怀大笑。 典例 根据汉语意思完成单词。 It’s important to learn from ________(错误) and become stronger. [解析] 句意:从错误中吸取教训并变得更强大是很重要的。mistake“错误”为可数名词,此处应用其复数形式表泛指,故填mistakes。 5 Is that polite,in the first lesson? 在第一节课上,这样礼貌吗? polite /pəˈlaɪt/ adj.有礼貌的,客气的 [形容词]常用结构: Usually it is polite to smile at people. 通常情况下,对人微笑是礼貌的。 polite的相关词: 【语境串记】 It’s impolite to cut in line. We should be a polite student and do everything politely in public.插队是不礼貌的。我们应该做一个有礼貌的学生,在公共场合做任何事都要有礼貌。 6 Questions jumped into my mind. 多个问题突然涌现在我的脑海。 mind /maɪnd/ n.头脑;思想,思维 There were all kinds of thoughts running through my mind.各种念头在我脑海中闪过。 He has a quick mind. 他思维敏捷。 拓展(1)mind作名词时的相关短语: (2)[动词]介意 I hope you don’t mind the noise.希望你不介意这噪声。 7.think about思考;考虑 同义短语为think of。其中about/of是介词,后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 I just want you to think about your life.我只是想让你们思考一下你们的生活。(接名词短语) I’m thinking about going to Hong Kong.我正在考虑去香港。(接动词-ing形式) 拓展What do you think about/of...?“你(们)认为……怎么样?”,用来询问某人对某事/物的看法。 —What do you think of/about the movie?你认为这部电影怎么样? —It’s so moving.太感人了。 8.meaning /ˈmi:nɪŋ/ n.意义;意思;含义 [可数名词]&[不可数名词] the meaning of...……的意思/意义 Do you know the meaning of this word?你知道这个单词的意思吗? She began to realize the meaning of life after the accident.那次事故之后,她开始认识到生命的意义。 9.I put up my hand. 我举起了手。 put up举起,抬高 为“动词+副词”型短语。put up one’s hand举手 He puts up his hand to ask a question.他举起手来问问题。 拓展put up的其他常用含义: (1)搭建;竖立 It’s going to rain. Let’s put up the tent(=put the tent up).要下雨了。咱们把帐篷搭起来吧。 Here is the tent. Let’s put it (宾语为代词时,应置于put与up之间)up.帐篷在这儿。咱们把它搭起来吧。 (2)张贴 During the Spring Festival, people put up “Fu” on doors or windows.春节期间,人们把“福”字贴在门或窗户上。 典例 If you know the answer, please ___ your hand. A. put off B. put on C. put up D. put away [解析] 句意:如果你知道答案,请举手。put off推迟;put on穿上;put up举起;put away把……收起来放好。根据空后的“your hand”可知,此处是指举手。故选C。 10. Well done,Wang Han. 做得好,王涵。 well done做得不错 常用于口语中,称赞对方做得不错、表现优秀等。 —Well done! You didn’t make a single mistake.干得不错!你没有犯一个错误。 —Thanks.谢谢。 拓展 称赞对方做得不错,也可用“Good job!”或“You did a great job!”等来表达。 —People in our town planted hundreds of trees on Tree Planting Day. 我们镇上的人们在植树节那天种了数百棵树。 —Good job! Everyone can do something to make our town greener. 干得好!每个人都可以做些事情,从而让我们的城镇变得更绿。 11. It’s important to think more in your learning. 在学习中多思考是很重要的。 It’s+adj.+to do sth. 做某事是……的。 It is important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。 It’s good to learn how to get on with people of differentages.学会如何与不同年龄的人相处是件好事。 拓展 “It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”意为“对某人来说,做某事是……的”,其中形容词是描述事物特征的词,important(重要的)、easy(容易的)、boring(无趣的)等。 It is easy for me to sing the song.唱这首歌对我来说很简 单。 It’s good for Tom to share new ideas with his teachers.对汤姆来说,和他的老师们分享新想法是件好事。 典例 根据汉语及句末括号内的单词提示,用相关单词或短语的适当形式完成句子(不超过四个词)。 与人握手时脱下手套是一种礼貌。(take) It is polite __________ your gloves when you shake hands with others. [解析] It is+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”为固定结构;take off脱下(衣服等)。故填to take off。 important /ɪmˈpɔ:tənt/ adj.重要的,重大的 [形容词]可作表语或定语。 be important to sb. 对某人来说是重要的 it is important(for sb.)to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事是重要的 It is an important(前面有不定冠词时应用an) meeting.这是一次重要的会议。 Enough sleep is important to us.充足的睡眠对我们来说很重要。 It’s important to remember that everybody is different. 记住每个人都是与众不同的,这一点很重要。(绍兴中考) 拓展important的相关词: We all know the importance of(……的重要性 )learning English well.我们都知道学好英语的重要性。 That is an unimportant thing.那是一件不重要的事情。 12.Please always remember this. 请永远记住这一点。 remember(反义词:forget v.忘记) /rɪˈmembə/ v.记住,记得 Please remember the new words.请记住这些生词。 Remember that there are always people that care for you.记住,总会有人关心你。(绍兴中考) 辨析remember to do sth.与remember doing sth. remember  to do sth. “记着做某事”,此事目前未做。 Remember to show love to your father. 记得向你爸爸表达爱意。 remember  doing sth. “记得做过某事”,此事目前已做。 I remember seeing the movie at the cinema. 我记得我在电影院看过这部电影了。 典例 根据汉语提示完成单词。 My mother always __________(记得)to remind(提醒) me to drink milk for breakfast. remembers 13 I didn’t know what to do. 我不知道该怎么办。 特殊疑问词+动词不定式 本句中what to do为“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构,在句中作know的宾语。动词不定式常和what、which、 who(m)、where、when、how等连用,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 Where to live is a big problem for her.在哪里住对她来 说是个大问题。(作主语,谓语动词用单数形式) We must know what to say. .at the meeting.我们必须知道在会上说什么。(作宾语) The problem is whom to go with.问题是和谁一起去。 (作表语) 14 Ms Chen praised me and told us:It’s important tothink more in our learning. 陈老师表扬了我,并告诉 我们:在我们的学习中,多思考很重要。 praise /preɪz/ v.(尤指公开地)称赞,赞扬,表扬 [动词]表扬,赞扬 praise sb.表扬某人 praise sb./sth. for (doing)sth.因(做)某事而赞扬某人/某物 The teacher praised Jane.老师表扬了简。 And we praise them for hard-earned success and achievements. 我们因来之不易的成功和成绩而赞扬他们。 拓展[名词]赞扬,赞美 win/receive praise(from...)赢得/获得(……的)称赞 The boy won high praise for his efforts to help his classmates last term.这个男孩上学期因努力帮助同学而赢得了高度赞扬。(青岛中考) 15 The bell rang... 上课铃声响起…… ring(过去式:rang) /rɪŋ/ v.(钟、铃)鸣响 The bell rings. Let’s go to the classroom. 铃响了。我们进教室吧。 拓展(1)[名词]铃声;钟声;打电话 Sorry! I didn’t hear the ring. 不好意思!我没听到铃声。(襄阳中考) I’ll give you a ring at 5 p.m.下午五点我会给你打电话。 (2)[动词]给……打电话 ring sb.(up) 给某人打电话 Please ring him up later. 请稍后给他打电话。 (3)[名词]戒指 Mrs Liu wears a ring. 刘夫人戴着一枚戒指。 【语境串记】 I ring(v.) Tom for a ring(n.). The phone rings(v.), but Tom doesn’t hear the ring(n.).我打电话给汤姆要一枚戒指。电话铃响了,但是汤姆没有听到铃声。 16 His clever words made me feel better. 他睿智的语言让我感觉好多了。 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 Ben watched Tom and Jerry yesterday. The cartoon made him laugh. 本昨天看了《猫和老鼠》。那部卡通片让他哈哈大笑。 17.I’m so lucky to have a teacher like him. 有他这样的老师我很幸运。 lucky(副词形式为luckily“幸运地”) /ˈlʌki/ adj.运气好的,幸运的由“luck (n.运气)+-y”构成。 be/feel lucky to do sth.有幸做某事 What a lucky boy!多么幸运的男孩啊!(作定语) We are lucky to live in a peaceful country. 我们很幸运生活在一个和平的国家。(作表语) 18.Until next time... 下次见…… until (同义词:till)/ʌnˈtɪl/ prep.直到……为止 [介词]直到……为止 not...until...意为“直到……才……”,常与非延续性动词连用,表示动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。 My father works until 6 p.m.我爸爸工作到下午6点。 They didn’t buy a car until last year.他们直到去年才买了汽车。 拓展[连词]直到……为止 引导时间状语从句,表示动作或状态的延续。也可用于not...until...结构。 The dancing teacher gives us instructions patiently until we are perfect in every move.那位舞蹈老师耐心地指导我们,直到我们的每一个动作都做到完美。 19.What happened during the lesson? 课上发生了什么? happen /ˈhæpən/ v. (尤指意外地)发生 [不及物动词]常见用法: An accident happened in that street.那条街上发生了一起事故。 —What happened to you?你怎么了? —I had a cold, but I feel much better now.我感冒了,但我现在感觉好多了。(广安中考) 辨析 happen与take place happen 常指具体客观事件发生,有偶然性,未能预见。 I don’t know how this happened.我不知道这事 儿怎么发生的。 take  place 常指根据安排或计划发生,含有事先预料或准备的意思。 The class meeting will take place on Friday.班 会将在周五举行。 拓展[动词]碰巧,恰好 常见用法有: sb. happens to do sth.某人碰巧做某事 It happens that...碰巧…… On my way to school, I happened to see an old man lying on the ground and helped him to hospital.上学路上,我碰巧看到一位老人躺在地上,就帮忙把他送到了医院。 It happened that I was out when he called.他打电话时我碰巧出去了。 随堂训练1 一.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 1.We are going to         (参观) the Temple of Heaven next week. 2.There are some beautiful          (花) in his small garden. 3.Mr. Green often organizes some interesting          (活动). 4. Everyone should work hard because we are in the same          (团队). 5.There is a         (时间表) on Mary's desk. 1.visit 2.flowers 3.activities 4.team5.timetable 二.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 6.Please come here and stand in front of the          (黑板), Mike. 7.A ca         (停) in front of me, but I didn't know the driver. 8.My sister Sally is always         (有礼貌的) to others. 9.The boy made some         (错误) in the exam, so he didn't get good grades. 10.Please read these          (句子) aloud. 6.blackboard 7.stopped 8.polite 9.mistakes 10.sentences 三.根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺的单词 1.This question is too d         for me. I can't answer it. 2.—When is your piano l         ? —It's on Friday evening. 3.Open your m         and say hello, Mary. 4.A good idea went into my m         . I can't wait to tell you right now, Tom. 5.It didn't rain yesterday. The ground was very d         and didn't get wet at all. 1.difficult 2.lesson 3.mouth 4.mind 5.dry 四. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 with,lucky,just,diary,our 1. My teacher advised me to improve my writing by keeping an English ____________ a day. 2. The weather here is ____________ right for taking a walk. 3. I feel very lonely ____________ my friends. 4. It is ____________ for her to have a good chance to go abroad for further study. 5. We enjoyed ____________ in the wonderful trip. 1~5 diary just without lucky ourselves 五、根据汉语提示,填写正确的代词 A.用所给词的适当形式填空。 13. She likes walking her dog. It makes her (feel) good. 14. Look at the man with glasses. (his) is Tom's father. 15. are in Class One and English teacher is Mrs Smith. (we) 16. I'm good at (learn) Chinese. 17. In the first class, the teacher asked to introduce (we). 13~17 feel His our learning us ourselves B.阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的人称代词或物主代词。 One day, Tom went to school with 18. ________ pencil box. He had a new pencil in 19. ________. It was red and very pretty. Tom liked 20. ________very much.  In class, Tom wanted to write something, but 21. ________ couldn’t find his pencil. He looked around and saw Mary with a red pencil in 22. ________hand. Tom asked, “Is this 6. ________ pencil, Mary?” Mary shook 23. ________ head and said, “No, it’s not 24. ________. Maybe it’s 25. ________, Tom.” Tom took the pencil and said, “Yes, it is mine. Thank 26. ________, Mary.”  18~26 a it it he his you’re her mine yours you 六.单项选择 1.A good breakfast is         to us and it makes us stay active all day. A.delicious      B.important C.sweet   D.tired 解析   一顿好的早饭对我们来说很“重要”,它可以让我们一整天都保持活跃。important符合题意,故选B。 2.Last week our school         an art festival and we had fun. A.have    B.has       C.had    D.is having 解析    根据Last week可知,时态是一般过去时,故选C。 3.Can you see the words on the blackboard? Please         in your notebook. A.write it down   B.write down it C.write them down   D.write down them 解析    the words对应的代词是them,而且write down是动副短语,them要位于write和down之间,故选C。 4.—Remember         your grandpa more when I am away from home. —OK. I will. A.help       B.to help    C.helping    D.helps 解析   此处表示“记得多帮你爷爷做事”,要用remember to do sth.来表达,to help符合题意,故选B。 5.It's wrong         other students' homework. You should do it by yourself. A.copy      B.to copy C.copying   D.to copying 解析    根据句意“抄其他学生的家庭作业是不对的”可知,该句是“It's+adj.+to do sth.”的结构,故选B。 五.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 1.其实,我很喜欢伦敦。                  , I like London very much. 2.让他考虑一下派对上要吃的食物吧。Let him                         the food for the party. 3.他经常抬头看蓝天。He often                         the blue sky. 4.刚才他指出了我的一些错误。Just now he                         some of my mistakes. 5.请举手并告诉我你的名字和年龄。Please                         your hand and tell me your name and age. 1.In,fact 2.think,about3.looks,up,at4.pointed,out 5.put,up 语法学习 语法精讲 人称代词和物主代词 语法示例 语法概述 1.I looked up at Ms Chen. My eyes met hers.我抬头看着陈老师。我们四目相对。(教材P19) 2.In fact, this is my first lesson for all of you.事实上,这是我给你们所有人上的第一课。(教材P19)      人称代词有主格和宾格之分;物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 考向1 人称代词 人称代词是表示“你”“我”“他/她/它”“你们”“我们”“他们/她们/它们”等的代词。人称代词可指人和物,有人称、数和格的变化。 数 人称 主格 宾格 单数 第一人称 I me 第二人称 you you 第三人称 he,she,it him,her,it 复数 第一人称 we us 第二人称 you you 第三人称 they them 人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式。主格作主语,宾格常用作宾语或表语。 She is sitting on a bus.她正坐在一辆公共汽车上。(主格 She作主语) Let’s go and find him. 咱们去找他吧。(宾格him作动词 find的宾语) —Who is that? 谁呀?—It’s me. 是我。(宾格me作表语) 拓展 ①宾格代词(特别是me)可以作主语。主格代词一般不单独使用,也不用于带not的简短回答中,这些情况下往往用宾格代词。 —Who wants to borrow my book? 谁想借我的书?—Me.我。 —Who locked the door?谁锁的门?—Not me.不是我。 ②it除了用来代替前面出现的事物以外,还可以用来表示天气、时间、距离等。除此之外,it还可用作形式主语或形式宾语。 It’s going to rain. Let's go home. (天)要下雨了。我们回家吧。 It was late autumn and the leaves started to fall. (时间)已是晚秋,树叶开始凋落了。 It’s good manners to keep your voice down in public.在公共场合压低声音是礼貌的。(泰安中考)(It作形式主语) We all think it quite necessary to stop school bullying.我们都认为非常有必要阻止校园欺凌。(it作形式宾语) 人称代词的顺序 两个或多个人称代词并列使用时,出现的顺序通常是: ①单数代词:you and I; you and he; he and I; you, he and I。 ②复数代词:we and they;we and you;you and they;we, you and they。 ③第三人称单数代词:he and she。 ④在承认错误时,I通常放在其他人称代词之前。 【巧学妙记】 人称代词排序口诀 人称代词并列现,注意顺序礼貌见; 单数人称二、三、一,复数人称一、二、三; 麻烦事情“我”站前,其他人称没意见; 两性并用为三单,男先女后是习惯。 典例The wild animals are in danger now. Let’s protect . A. they B. them C. their D. theirs [解析] 句意:野生动物现在处于危险中,我们来保护它们吧。空处用在动词protect后,作宾语,代指wild animals,应用them,故选B。 考向2 物主代词 物主代词是表示所属关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 人称 物主代词 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 我的 my mine 复数 我们的 our ours 第二人称 单数 你的 your yours 复数 你们的 人称 物主代词 形容词性 名词性 第三人称 单数 他的 his his 她的 her hers 它的 its its 复数:他/她/它们的 their theirs 形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,用在名词前。 Mary is my best friend.玛丽是我最好的朋友。 This is her book.这是她的书。 名词性物主代词起名词的作用。为了避免重复使用名词,我们经常用名词性物主代词代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。名词性物主代词在句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。它总是单独用在句子中,其后不可再接名词。 —Whose book is this? 这是谁的书? —It’s Mary’s. Mine is on the desk.它是玛丽的。我的(书)在书桌上。(Mine作主语,相当于My book) Tom’s bike is broken. He is using mine.汤姆的自行车坏了。他正在用我的(自行车)。(mine作宾语,相当于 my bike) 【特别提醒】 代词his既可以作形容词性物主代词,也可以作名词性物主代词。 This is his bike. 这是他的自行车。(是形容词性物主代词) This bike is his. 这辆自行车是他的(自行车)。(是名词性物主代词) 典例 [成都中考] —Gina, have you seen my textbook? —Oh, sorry. I took by mistake. A. mine B. yours C. hers [解析] 句意:“吉娜,你看到我的课本了吗?”“噢,对不起。我错拿了你的(课本)。”根据语境可知,设空处指代“你的(课本)”,故用名词性物主代词yours,选B。 随堂训练2 一.单项选择 1.—Where is        English teacher? —She is in the classroom. A.ours       B.our    C.we    D.us 解析    根据设空处后的名词词组English teacher可知,要填形容词性物主代词our,故选B。 2.The Robinsons love seeing the world.       have been to many interesting places. A.We      B.They    C.You    D.I 解析    此处指代The Robinsons(罗宾逊一家),故选B。 3.My sister enjoys singing and       favorite subject is music. A.his       B.her    C.your    D.their 解析    前半部分的主语是My sister,应用形容词性物主代词her,故选B。 4.Lily will arrive in Changchun tomorrow. Let's have a party for       . A.her    B.she    C.herself 解析  根据句意“让我们为她举办一场聚会吧”可知,for后要用人称代词的宾格形式her,故选A。 5.—Lily, put your books into your schoolbag. —They're not       . They are Lucy's. A.his   B.hers       C.mine   D.yours 解析    根据题干中的“把你的书放进你的书包里”和“它们是露西的”可知,它们不是“我的”,名词性物主代词mine符合题意,故选C。 6.—Gina, have you seen my textbook? —Oh, sorry. I took       by mistake. A.mine       B.yours    C.hers 解析    此处表示“我错拿了你的”,名词性物主代词yours符合题意,故选B。 二、根据句意及汉语提示拼写单词。 1. --Is the camera ____________ (你的),Jack? --No, it isn't ____________ (我的).It’s my sister's. 2.-- Is that science book Peter's? --Yes, it is ____________(他的). 3. --Are these Betty's gloves? --No, they aren't ____________(她的). ____________ (她的)gloves are on the desk. 4. ____________(我们的)room is very large, but ____________(他们的)is very small. 5. Betty is from the USA. She studies in ____________(我们的)school. This year 1 become one of ____________ (她的)good friends. 6. This is Mike's pet cat. ____________(它的)name is Mimi. This little house is ____________(它的)。 7. --Are these ____________ (你的)parents’ cars? --Yes, they are 1~7 yours ours his hers Her Our theirs our her Its its your 综合训练 一、词汇变形 1. polite adj.有礼貌的,客气的 →________(反义词) adj.无礼的 2. dry adj.干的,干燥的 →________(反义词) adj. 湿的 3. meaning n.意义;意思;含义 →________(形容词) adj.有意义的 4.important adj.重要的;重大的 →________(名词) n.重要性 5.remember v.记住,记得 →________(反义词) v. 忘记;遗忘 6.really adv. 十分;很 →________(形容词) adj.真实的 7.difficult adj. 困难的 →________(名词) n.困难 8.hers pron.她的 →________(主格)→________(宾格)→________(形容词性物主代词) 1、impolite 2、wet 3、meaningful 4.、importance 5、 forget 6、real 7、difficulty8、she, her, her 二、词汇运用 A. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 fact dry he meaning mistake 1. He makes some ________ when he is learning English. 2. The weather is hot and _________ in summer. 3. Can you tell me the _________ of this word? 4. In _________, dogs are very good friends to people. 5. This is______ sister. She is a student. 1、mistakes 2、dry 3、meaning 4、fact 5、his B. 根据句意及汉语提示拼写单词。 6. You can’t finish this job _________ (没有) his help. 7. These _________ (句子) are too long. Can you make them shorter? 8. We should be _________ (礼貌的) when talking to others. 9. He is _________ (十分) good at playing basketball. 10. It is very _________ (重要的) to listen to the teacher in class. 6、without 7、sentences 8、polite 9、really 10、important  三、语法填空 A.用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.She always______(forget) to bring her notebook to class. 2. It’s very important ______(listen) carefully in class. 3.What was your ______(one) lesson at junior high? 4. There are many__________(activity) in our school. 5.How many_______(student) are there in your class? 1、forgot 2、to listen 3、first 4、activities 5、students B.阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的单词,或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Hello, boys and girls! My name is Lucy. I think learning is very important. When I 6. _______ (start) to do my homework yesterday, I found it easier to remember 7.________(meaning) things. Last week, we had a test, and it was 8. ______ (real) difficult. I made some mistakes, but I also learned a lot of new things. My teacher said, “Learning without thinking 9. ______(be) of no use.” This sentence jumped into10. _________ (me) mind, and I think it’s very true. 6、started 7、meaningful 8、really 9、is 10、my 三.单项选择 1.Mike is    American boy and Li Ting is    Chinese girl.  A.an;an     B.an;a C.a;a     D.a;an 答案 B American是以元音音素开头的词,其前的不定冠词要用an; Chinese前的不定冠词要用a。 2.—Hello! My name is Amy. What is    name?  —I’m Steve. Nice to meet you. A.her     B.its C.your     D.his 答案 C 根据答语中的“我叫Steve”可知,问句问的是“你的名字是什么?”,所缺的物主代词是your。 3.Jane is    . She is from    . A.England;English     B.English;England C.English;English     D.England;England 答案 B 表示“英国人”要用English;表示“英国”要用 England,故答案为B。 4.—Bob,    your grandpa very old?  —No, he’s only fifty-eight. A.is     B.are C.do     D.does 答案 A 由very old可知此处缺少be动词,先排除选项C和D;主语是your grandpa,所缺的be动词是is。 5.—Mary, today is Saturday. How about    shopping?  —Good idea. A.go     B.to go C.going    D.goes 答案 C How about后若跟动词,要用动词-ing形式,going符合题意。 6.—Is the girl your sister? —   . She is my classmate. Her name is Lisa. My sister’s name is Lily.   A.Yes, she is     B.No, she isn’t C.Yes, he is     D.No, he isn’t 答案 B 根据一般疑问句中的the girl可知,答语中要用的人称代词是she,先排除选项C和D;再根据答语中的“她是我的同班同学。她的名字是Lisa。我妹妹的名字是Lily”可推断,那个女孩不是我的妹妹,此处要用否定回答,故答案为B。 7.Alice’s last name is White, so her full name is    .  A.Alice Green     B.Green Alice C.White Alice     D.Alice White 答案 D Alice的姓氏是White,那么她的全名就是Alice White,故答案为D。 8.—    is Ms. Smith?  —I don’t know, but I know her age is a secret (秘密). A.Where     B.How C.How old     D.What 答案 C 根据答语中的“她的年龄是一个秘密”可推知,问句问的是史密斯女士的年龄;How old对年龄进行提问,故答案为C。 9.—Dad, this is my friend Wang Qiang. —Oh.     —Nice to meet you too, Mr. Li. A.How are you?     B.Nice to meet you. C.How do you do?     D.Good afternoon. 答案 B 根据题干中的“Nice to meet you too”可知,所缺的句子是“Nice to meet you.”。 10.Jimmy likes(喜欢) blue,    I don’t like it.  A.but     B.or C.for     D.too 答案 A 根据本题语境可知,Jimmy喜欢蓝色,“但是”我不喜欢,连词but符合题意。 四.完形填空 Hello, everyone. My name is Betty Smith. Betty is my  11  name and Smith is my family name. You can call(称呼)  12  Betty. I’m from America,  13  I’m in Beijing with my dad and mum now.  I’m a  14  in Beijing No. 2 Middle School and I’m in Class 4 Grade 7. There are 24 boys and 22 girls in my  15 . My classmates are all  16  to me and we are good friends. My Chinese is not very good and they often  17  me with it after class. The teachers are nice to me  18 .  I like Beijing. Beijing is very  19  and there are many good places to go. But I don’t like the  20  here. It’s too hot in summer.  11. A.favourite     B.first C.last     D.family 12. A.her    B.him    C.me    D.it 13. A.or    B.so    C.but    D.after 14. A.classmate      B.friend C.teacher     D.student 15. A.class    B.grade   C.city    D.school 16. A.new      B.sorry C.nice     D.small 17. A.see    B.help    C.draw    D.thank 18. A.too    B.all    C.again    D.please 19. A.small   B.clean   C.big  D.cold 20. A.sport     B.time C.colour     D.weather 答案 [语篇解读] 本文作者Betty Smith主要介绍了自己的个人信息、学校生活以及对北京的看法。 11.B 对于Betty Smith来说,Betty是名字,first name意为“名字”,所缺的词是first。 12.C 根据上下文语境可知,你可以称呼“我”为Betty,所缺的词是me。 13.C 设空处前意为“我来自美国”,设空处后意为“现在我和我的爸爸妈妈在北京”,设空处前后内容之间是转折关系,所缺的词是but。 14.D 根据上下文语境可知,我是北京二中的一名“学生”,所缺的词是 student。 15.A 我的“班级”里有24个男孩和22个女孩,所缺的词是class。 16.C 我的同学们对我都很“好”,所缺的词是nice。 17.B 我的中文不是很好,课后他们经常“帮助”我学中文,所缺的词是help。 18.A 句意:老师们也对我很好。表示“也”,而且用于肯定句句尾的词是too。 19.C 根据设空处后的“有许多可以去的好地方”可知,北京很“大”,所缺的词是big。 20.D 根据设空处后提到的“夏天太热了”可推断,我不喜欢这里的“天气”,所缺的词是weather。 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 A new start (Understanding ideas) 单词学习 1 grow /ɡrəʊ/ v 成长,长大 2 paint /peɪnt/ v 油漆,涂料 3 start /stɑːt/ v 创办,建立 4 better /ˈbet.ər/ adj 更好的,更好的 5 plan /plæn/ n 计划 6 complete /kəmˈpliːt/ v 使完成 7 without /wɪˈðaʊt/ prep 快至,没有 8 sentence /ˈsen.təns/ n 句子 9 mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n 错误 10 polite /pəˈlaɪt/ adj 有礼貌的 11 mind /maɪnd/ n 头脑,心思 12 hers /hɜːz/ pron 她的 13 dry /draɪ/ adj 干燥的,枯燥的 14 meaning /ˈmiː.nɪŋ/ n 意思,含义 15 fact /fækt/ n 事实,实际 16 in fact /ɪn fækt/ 事实上 17 important /ɪmˈpɔː.tənt/ adj 重要的,重大的 18 remember /rɪˈmem.bər/ v 记住,记得 19 really /ˈrɪə.li/ adv 真的,实在 20 choose /tʃuːz/ v 挑选,选择 21 main /meɪn/ adj 主要的,最大的 22 expression /ɪkˈspreʃ.ən/ n 词语,表达方式 23 point /pɔɪnt/ v 指出,指 24 point out /pɔɪnt aʊt/ 指出,点出 25 praise /preɪz/ v 赞扬,表扬 26 other /ˈʌð.ər/ adj 其他的,另外的 27 grammar /ˈɡræm.ər/ n 语法 28 rule /ruːl/ n 规则,定律 29 circle /ˈsɜː.kəl/ v 画圈,圈出 30 mine /maɪn/ pron 我的 31 diary /ˈdaɪə.ri/ n 日记,日记簿 32 bell /bel/ n 铃,钟 33 ring /rɪŋ/ v 打电话,按铃 34 into /ˈɪn.tuː/ prep 到...里,进入 35 ourselves /aʊəˈselvz/ pron 我们自己 36 silly /ˈsɪl.i/ adj 愚蠢的,傻的 37 just /dʒʌst/ adv 刚才,仅仅 38 smile /smaɪl/ n 微笑 39 lucky /ˈlʌk.i/ adj 幸运的,侥幸的 40 until /ənˈtɪl/ prep 直到...为止 41 happen /ˈhæp.ən/ v 发生,出现 42 during /ˈdjʊə.rɪŋ/ prep 在...期间 课文解析 Reading The First Class in Junior High Our English teacher Ms Chen wrote the sentence on the blackboard and said, “please write this down.” We started to write. I wrote down the first word and stopped. “That’s not right. But is it OK to point out the mistake? Is that polite, in the first lesson?” Questions jumped into my mind. “Why aren’t you writing, Wang Han?” I looked up at Ms Chen. My eyes met hers. My mouth felt dry. But then I thought about the meaning of the sentence, I put up my hand. “Ms Chen, there’s a mistake, I said. “That sentence is from Confucius, not from Mencius.” “Well done, Wang Han. In fact, this is my first lesson for all of you. You are now in junior high school. Learning will be more difficult. It’s important to think more in your learning. Please always remember this.” That’s a really an important lesson! 初中一年级 我们的英语老师陈老师在黑板上写下一句话,然后说道:“请把这个写下来。”我们开始写字。我写下了第一个单词,然后停了下来。“这不对。但在第一堂课上指出错误可以吗?这算礼貌吗?” 这些问题突然在我脑海中涌现。“王涵,你怎么不写字了?”我抬起头看着陈老师。我的嘴巴感到有些干燥。但随后我想到了这句话的意思。我举起了手。“陈老师,这里有个错误,”我说。“这句话是孔子说的,不是孟子。”“做得好,王涵。事实上,这是我给你们所有人的第一课。你们现在是初中生了。学习会更加困难。在学习中多思考是很重要的。请记住这一点。”这确实是一堂重要的课! 知识解析1 1 Complete the questionnaire. 完成调查问卷。 complete/kəmˈpli:t/ v.使完整 I need one more stamp to complete the set.再有一张邮票,我就集齐一整套了。 拓展(1)[及物动词]完成,结束 同义词是finish。 In 1988, Hawking completed his book A Brief History of Time.1988年,霍金完成了他的著作《时间简史》。 (2)[形容词]完整的;完全的 副词形式为completely(完全地)。 He made a complete sentence with the new word.他用新单词造了一个完整的句子。 People were completely shocked when they heard the news. 当人们听到这个消息时,他们完全震惊了。 2 Learning without thinking is of no use. 学而不思则罔。 without(反义词:with[介词]有,具有) /wɪð ˈaʊt/ prep.缺乏;没有 [介词] 后接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语,常用来表示伴随或假设的情况。 A friend without faults will never be found. 没有十全十美 的朋友。 3 Please write this down. 请把这句话抄下来。 write down (同义短语为take down或put down)写下,(在纸上)记下 是“动词+副词”型短语。 write down+名词=write+名词+down write+人称代词(只能放中间)+down Write down your ideas.=Write your ideas down. 写下你的想法。 These are new words. Please write them down.这些是生词。请把它们写下来。 拓展 常见的“动词+down”短语还有: 典例 根据汉语意思完成句子。 毕业典礼上,学生们在签名册上写下了自己的名字。 Students ______________________________ their names in the album at the graduation ceremony. 4 But is it OK to point out the mistake? 但是,指出这个错误合适吗? point /pɔɪnt/ v.指;用(手指)指 [动词]常和out、to、at等搭配。 point out指出,指明 point at指着 point to指向 【语境串记】 Yesterday I met a foreigner on the street. She pointed to the north and asked me,“Is that the Beijing Zoo?”“No,” I said. I pointed at the map and told her how to get there. She was grateful to me for pointing out her mistake.昨天我在街上遇到了一个外国人。她指向北边并问我:“那是北京动物园吗?”“不是。”我说道。我指着地图告诉她怎么去那儿。她很感激我指出了她的错误。 mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n.错误 mistake /mɪˈsteɪk/ n.错误 make a mistake/make mistakes (in...)(在……方面)犯错误 learn from mistakes从错误中吸取教训 by mistake错误地;无意中 The old saying “A fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.” means we should learn from mistakes and avoid making the same mistakes again.古语“吃一堑,长一智”意味着我们应该从错误中吸取教训,避免再犯同样的错误。 拓展[动词]误解; 弄错 其过去式为mistook。 mistake...for...把……错当成…… He mistook Mary for her twin sister and that made them laugh a lot. 他把玛丽错认成她的双胞胎妹妹,这让他们开怀大笑。 典例 根据汉语意思完成单词。 It’s important to learn from ________(错误) and become stronger. 5 Is that polite,in the first lesson? 在第一节课上,这样礼貌吗? polite /pəˈlaɪt/ adj.有礼貌的,客气的 [形容词]常用结构: Usually it is polite to smile at people. 通常情况下,对人微笑是礼貌的。 polite的相关词: 【语境串记】 It’s impolite to cut in line. We should be a polite student and do everything politely in public.插队是不礼貌的。我们应该做一个有礼貌的学生,在公共场合做任何事都要有礼貌。 6 Questions jumped into my mind. 多个问题突然涌现在我的脑海。 mind /maɪnd/ n.头脑;思想,思维 There were all kinds of thoughts running through my mind.各种念头在我脑海中闪过。 He has a quick mind. 他思维敏捷。 拓展(1)mind作名词时的相关短语: (2)[动词]介意 I hope you don’t mind the noise.希望你不介意这噪声。 7.think about思考;考虑 同义短语为think of。其中about/of是介词,后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语。 I just want you to think about your life.我只是想让你们思考一下你们的生活。(接名词短语) I’m thinking about going to Hong Kong.我正在考虑去香港。(接动词-ing形式) 拓展What do you think about/of...?“你(们)认为……怎么样?”,用来询问某人对某事/物的看法。 —What do you think of/about the movie?你认为这部电影怎么样? —It’s so moving.太感人了。 8.meaning /ˈmi:nɪŋ/ n.意义;意思;含义 [可数名词]&[不可数名词] the meaning of...……的意思/意义 Do you know the meaning of this word?你知道这个单词的意思吗? She began to realize the meaning of life after the accident.那次事故之后,她开始认识到生命的意义。 9.I put up my hand. 我举起了手。 put up举起,抬高 为“动词+副词”型短语。put up one’s hand举手 He puts up his hand to ask a question.他举起手来问问题。 拓展put up的其他常用含义: (1)搭建;竖立 It’s going to rain. Let’s put up the tent(=put the tent up).要下雨了。咱们把帐篷搭起来吧。 Here is the tent. Let’s put it (宾语为代词时,应置于put与up之间)up.帐篷在这儿。咱们把它搭起来吧。 (2)张贴 During the Spring Festival, people put up “Fu” on doors or windows.春节期间,人们把“福”字贴在门或窗户上。 典例 If you know the answer, please ___ your hand. A. put off B. put on C. put up D. put away 10. Well done,Wang Han. 做得好,王涵。 well done做得不错 常用于口语中,称赞对方做得不错、表现优秀等。 —Well done! You didn’t make a single mistake.干得不错!你没有犯一个错误。 —Thanks.谢谢。 拓展 称赞对方做得不错,也可用“Good job!”或“You did a great job!”等来表达。 —People in our town planted hundreds of trees on Tree Planting Day. 我们镇上的人们在植树节那天种了数百棵树。 —Good job! Everyone can do something to make our town greener. 干得好!每个人都可以做些事情,从而让我们的城镇变得更绿。 11. It’s important to think more in your learning. 在学习中多思考是很重要的。 It’s+adj.+to do sth. 做某事是……的。 It is important to learn English well.学好英语很重要。 It’s good to learn how to get on with people of differentages.学会如何与不同年龄的人相处是件好事。 拓展 “It is+adj.+for sb. to do sth.”意为“对某人来说,做某事是……的”,其中形容词是描述事物特征的词,important(重要的)、easy(容易的)、boring(无趣的)等。 It is easy for me to sing the song.唱这首歌对我来说很简 单。 It’s good for Tom to share new ideas with his teachers.对汤姆来说,和他的老师们分享新想法是件好事。 典例 根据汉语及句末括号内的单词提示,用相关单词或短语的适当形式完成句子(不超过四个词)。 与人握手时脱下手套是一种礼貌。(take) It is polite __________ your gloves when you shake hands with others. [解析] It is+adj.+to do sth.“做某事是……的”为固定结构;take off脱下(衣服等)。故填to take off。 important /ɪmˈpɔ:tənt/ adj.重要的,重大的 [形容词]可作表语或定语。 be important to sb. 对某人来说是重要的 it is important(for sb.)to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事是重要的 It is an important(前面有不定冠词时应用an) meeting.这是一次重要的会议。 Enough sleep is important to us.充足的睡眠对我们来说很重要。 It’s important to remember that everybody is different. 记住每个人都是与众不同的,这一点很重要。(绍兴中考) 拓展important的相关词: We all know the importance of(……的重要性 )learning English well.我们都知道学好英语的重要性。 That is an unimportant thing.那是一件不重要的事情。 12.Please always remember this. 请永远记住这一点。 remember(反义词:forget v.忘记) /rɪˈmembə/ v.记住,记得 Please remember the new words.请记住这些生词。 Remember that there are always people that care for you.记住,总会有人关心你。(绍兴中考) 辨析remember to do sth.与remember doing sth. remember  to do sth. “记着做某事”,此事目前未做。 Remember to show love to your father. 记得向你爸爸表达爱意。 remember  doing sth. “记得做过某事”,此事目前已做。 I remember seeing the movie at the cinema. 我记得我在电影院看过这部电影了。 典例 根据汉语提示完成单词。 My mother always __________(记得)to remind(提醒) me to drink milk for breakfast. 13 I didn’t know what to do. 我不知道该怎么办。 特殊疑问词+动词不定式 本句中what to do为“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”结构,在句中作know的宾语。动词不定式常和what、which、 who(m)、where、when、how等连用,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 Where to live is a big problem for her.在哪里住对她来 说是个大问题。(作主语,谓语动词用单数形式) We must know what to say. .at the meeting.我们必须知道在会上说什么。(作宾语) The problem is whom to go with.问题是和谁一起去。 (作表语) 14 Ms Chen praised me and told us:It’s important tothink more in our learning. 陈老师表扬了我,并告诉 我们:在我们的学习中,多思考很重要。 praise /preɪz/ v.(尤指公开地)称赞,赞扬,表扬 [动词]表扬,赞扬 praise sb.表扬某人 praise sb./sth. for (doing)sth.因(做)某事而赞扬某人/某物 The teacher praised Jane.老师表扬了简。 And we praise them for hard-earned success and achievements. 我们因来之不易的成功和成绩而赞扬他们。 拓展[名词]赞扬,赞美 win/receive praise(from...)赢得/获得(……的)称赞 The boy won high praise for his efforts to help his classmates last term.这个男孩上学期因努力帮助同学而赢得了高度赞扬。(青岛中考) 15 The bell rang... 上课铃声响起…… ring(过去式:rang) /rɪŋ/ v.(钟、铃)鸣响 The bell rings. Let’s go to the classroom. 铃响了。我们进教室吧。 拓展(1)[名词]铃声;钟声;打电话 Sorry! I didn’t hear the ring. 不好意思!我没听到铃声。(襄阳中考) I’ll give you a ring at 5 p.m.下午五点我会给你打电话。 (2)[动词]给……打电话 ring sb.(up) 给某人打电话 Please ring him up later. 请稍后给他打电话。 (3)[名词]戒指 Mrs Liu wears a ring. 刘夫人戴着一枚戒指。 【语境串记】 I ring(v.) Tom for a ring(n.). The phone rings(v.), but Tom doesn’t hear the ring(n.).我打电话给汤姆要一枚戒指。电话铃响了,但是汤姆没有听到铃声。 16 His clever words made me feel better. 他睿智的语言让我感觉好多了。 make sb. do sth.让某人做某事 Ben watched Tom and Jerry yesterday. The cartoon made him laugh. 本昨天看了《猫和老鼠》。那部卡通片让他哈哈大笑。 17.I’m so lucky to have a teacher like him. 有他这样的老师我很幸运。 lucky(副词形式为luckily“幸运地”) /ˈlʌki/ adj.运气好的,幸运的由“luck (n.运气)+-y”构成。 be/feel lucky to do sth.有幸做某事 What a lucky boy!多么幸运的男孩啊!(作定语) We are lucky to live in a peaceful country. 我们很幸运生活在一个和平的国家。(作表语) 18.Until next time... 下次见…… until (同义词:till)/ʌnˈtɪl/ prep.直到……为止 [介词]直到……为止 not...until...意为“直到……才……”,常与非延续性动词连用,表示动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。 My father works until 6 p.m.我爸爸工作到下午6点。 They didn’t buy a car until last year.他们直到去年才买了汽车。 拓展[连词]直到……为止 引导时间状语从句,表示动作或状态的延续。也可用于not...until...结构。 The dancing teacher gives us instructions patiently until we are perfect in every move.那位舞蹈老师耐心地指导我们,直到我们的每一个动作都做到完美。 19.What happened during the lesson? 课上发生了什么? happen /ˈhæpən/ v. (尤指意外地)发生 [不及物动词]常见用法: An accident happened in that street.那条街上发生了一起事故。 —What happened to you?你怎么了? —I had a cold, but I feel much better now.我感冒了,但我现在感觉好多了。(广安中考) 辨析 happen与take place happen 常指具体客观事件发生,有偶然性,未能预见。 I don’t know how this happened.我不知道这事 儿怎么发生的。 take  place 常指根据安排或计划发生,含有事先预料或准备的意思。 The class meeting will take place on Friday.班 会将在周五举行。 拓展[动词]碰巧,恰好 常见用法有: sb. happens to do sth.某人碰巧做某事 It happens that...碰巧…… On my way to school, I happened to see an old man lying on the ground and helped him to hospital.上学路上,我碰巧看到一位老人躺在地上,就帮忙把他送到了医院。 It happened that I was out when he called.他打电话时我碰巧出去了。 随堂训练1 一.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 1.We are going to         (参观) the Temple of Heaven next week. 2.There are some beautiful          (花) in his small garden. 3.Mr. Green often organizes some interesting          (活动). 4. Everyone should work hard because we are in the same          (团队). 5.There is a         (时间表) on Mary's desk. 二.根据句意和汉语提示写出所缺的单词 6.Please come here and stand in front of the          (黑板), Mike. 7.A ca         (停) in front of me, but I didn't know the driver. 8.My sister Sally is always         (有礼貌的) to others. 9.The boy made some         (错误) in the exam, so he didn't get good grades. 10.Please read these          (句子) aloud. 三.根据句意和首字母提示写出所缺的单词 1.This question is too d         for me. I can't answer it. 2.—When is your piano l         ? —It's on Friday evening. 3.Open your m         and say hello, Mary. 4.A good idea went into my m         . I can't wait to tell you right now, Tom. 5.It didn't rain yesterday. The ground was very d         and didn't get wet at all. 四. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 with,lucky,just,diary,our 1. My teacher advised me to improve my writing by keeping an English ____________ a day. 2. The weather here is ____________ right for taking a walk. 3. I feel very lonely ____________ my friends. 4. It is ____________ for her to have a good chance to go abroad for further study. 5. We enjoyed ____________ in the wonderful trip. 五、根据汉语提示,填写正确的代词 A.用所给词的适当形式填空。 13. She likes walking her dog. It makes her (feel) good. 14. Look at the man with glasses. (his) is Tom's father. 15. are in Class One and English teacher is Mrs Smith. (we) 16. I'm good at (learn) Chinese. 17. In the first class, the teacher asked to introduce (we). B.阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的人称代词或物主代词。 One day, Tom went to school with 18. ________ pencil box. He had a new pencil in 19. ________. It was red and very pretty. Tom liked 20. ________very much.  In class, Tom wanted to write something, but 21. ________ couldn’t find his pencil. He looked around and saw Mary with a red pencil in 22. ________hand. Tom asked, “Is this 6. ________ pencil, Mary?” Mary shook 23. ________ head and said, “No, it’s not 24. ________. Maybe it’s 25. ________, Tom.” Tom took the pencil and said, “Yes, it is mine. Thank 26. ________, Mary.”  六.单项选择 1.A good breakfast is         to us and it makes us stay active all day. A.delicious      B.important C.sweet   D.tired 2.Last week our school         an art festival and we had fun. A.have    B.has       C.had    D.is having 3.Can you see the words on the blackboard? Please         in your notebook. A.write it down   B.write down it C.write them down   D.write down them 4.—Remember         your grandpa more when I am away from home. —OK. I will. A.help       B.to help    C.helping    D.helps 5.It's wrong         other students' homework. You should do it by yourself. A.copy      B.to copy C.copying   D.to copying 五.根据汉语意思完成句子,每空一词 1.其实,我很喜欢伦敦。                  , I like London very much. 2.让他考虑一下派对上要吃的食物吧。Let him                         the food for the party. 3.他经常抬头看蓝天。He often                         the blue sky. 4.刚才他指出了我的一些错误。Just now he                         some of my mistakes. 5.请举手并告诉我你的名字和年龄。Please                         your hand and tell me your name and age. 语法学习 语法精讲 人称代词和物主代词 语法示例 语法概述 1.I looked up at Ms Chen. My eyes met hers.我抬头看着陈老师。我们四目相对。(教材P19) 2.In fact, this is my first lesson for all of you.事实上,这是我给你们所有人上的第一课。(教材P19)      人称代词有主格和宾格之分;物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 考向1 人称代词 人称代词是表示“你”“我”“他/她/它”“你们”“我们”“他们/她们/它们”等的代词。人称代词可指人和物,有人称、数和格的变化。 数 人称 主格 宾格 单数 第一人称 I me 第二人称 you you 第三人称 he,she,it him,her,it 复数 第一人称 we us 第二人称 you you 第三人称 they them 人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式。主格作主语,宾格常用作宾语或表语。 She is sitting on a bus.她正坐在一辆公共汽车上。(主格 She作主语) Let’s go and find him. 咱们去找他吧。(宾格him作动词 find的宾语) —Who is that? 谁呀?—It’s me. 是我。(宾格me作表语) 拓展 ①宾格代词(特别是me)可以作主语。主格代词一般不单独使用,也不用于带not的简短回答中,这些情况下往往用宾格代词。 —Who wants to borrow my book? 谁想借我的书?—Me.我。 —Who locked the door?谁锁的门?—Not me.不是我。 ②it除了用来代替前面出现的事物以外,还可以用来表示天气、时间、距离等。除此之外,it还可用作形式主语或形式宾语。 It’s going to rain. Let's go home. (天)要下雨了。我们回家吧。 It was late autumn and the leaves started to fall. (时间)已是晚秋,树叶开始凋落了。 It’s good manners to keep your voice down in public.在公共场合压低声音是礼貌的。(泰安中考)(It作形式主语) We all think it quite necessary to stop school bullying.我们都认为非常有必要阻止校园欺凌。(it作形式宾语) 人称代词的顺序 两个或多个人称代词并列使用时,出现的顺序通常是: ①单数代词:you and I; you and he; he and I; you, he and I。 ②复数代词:we and they;we and you;you and they;we, you and they。 ③第三人称单数代词:he and she。 ④在承认错误时,I通常放在其他人称代词之前。 【巧学妙记】 人称代词排序口诀 人称代词并列现,注意顺序礼貌见; 单数人称二、三、一,复数人称一、二、三; 麻烦事情“我”站前,其他人称没意见; 两性并用为三单,男先女后是习惯。 典例The wild animals are in danger now. Let’s protect . A. they B. them C. their D. theirs 考向2 物主代词 物主代词是表示所属关系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 人称 物主代词 形容词性 名词性 第一人称 单数 我的 my mine 复数 我们的 our ours 第二人称 单数 你的 your yours 复数 你们的 人称 物主代词 形容词性 名词性 第三人称 单数 他的 his his 她的 her hers 它的 its its 复数:他/她/它们的 their theirs 形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,用在名词前。 Mary is my best friend.玛丽是我最好的朋友。 This is her book.这是她的书。 名词性物主代词起名词的作用。为了避免重复使用名词,我们经常用名词性物主代词代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。名词性物主代词在句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。它总是单独用在句子中,其后不可再接名词。 —Whose book is this? 这是谁的书? —It’s Mary’s. Mine is on the desk.它是玛丽的。我的(书)在书桌上。(Mine作主语,相当于My book) Tom’s bike is broken. He is using mine.汤姆的自行车坏了。他正在用我的(自行车)。(mine作宾语,相当于 my bike) 【特别提醒】 代词his既可以作形容词性物主代词,也可以作名词性物主代词。 This is his bike. 这是他的自行车。(是形容词性物主代词) This bike is his. 这辆自行车是他的(自行车)。(是名词性物主代词) 典例 [成都中考] —Gina, have you seen my textbook? —Oh, sorry. I took by mistake. A. mine B. yours C. hers 随堂训练2 一.单项选择 1.—Where is        English teacher? —She is in the classroom. A.ours       B.our    C.we    D.us 2.The Robinsons love seeing the world.       have been to many interesting places. A.We      B.They    C.You    D.I 3.My sister enjoys singing and       favorite subject is music. A.his       B.her    C.your    D.their 4.Lily will arrive in Changchun tomorrow. Let's have a party for       . A.her    B.she    C.herself 5.—Lily, put your books into your schoolbag. —They're not       . They are Lucy's. A.his   B.hers       C.mine   D.yours 6.—Gina, have you seen my textbook? —Oh, sorry. I took       by mistake. A.mine       B.yours    C.hers 二、根据句意及汉语提示拼写单词。 1. --Is the camera ____________ (你的),Jack? --No, it isn't ____________ (我的).It’s my sister's. 2.-- Is that science book Peter's? --Yes, it is ____________(他的). 3. --Are these Betty's gloves? --No, they aren't ____________(她的). ____________ (她的)gloves are on the desk. 4. ____________(我们的)room is very large, but ____________(他们的)is very small. 5. Betty is from the USA. She studies in ____________(我们的)school. This year 1 become one of ____________ (她的)good friends. 6. This is Mike's pet cat. ____________(它的)name is Mimi. This little house is ____________(它的)。 7. --Are these ____________ (你的)parents’ cars? --Yes, they are 综合训练 一、词汇变形 1. polite adj.有礼貌的,客气的 →________(反义词) adj.无礼的 2. dry adj.干的,干燥的 →________(反义词) adj. 湿的 3. meaning n.意义;意思;含义 →________(形容词) adj.有意义的 4.important adj.重要的;重大的 →________(名词) n.重要性 5.remember v.记住,记得 →________(反义词) v. 忘记;遗忘 6.really adv. 十分;很 →________(形容词) adj.真实的 7.difficult adj. 困难的 →________(名词) n.困难 8.hers pron.她的 →________(主格)→________(宾格)→________(形容词性物主代词) 二、词汇运用 A. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空。 fact dry he meaning mistake 1. He makes some ________ when he is learning English. 2. The weather is hot and _________ in summer. 3. Can you tell me the _________ of this word? 4. In _________, dogs are very good friends to people. 5. This is______ sister. She is a student. B. 根据句意及汉语提示拼写单词。 6. You can’t finish this job _________ (没有) his help. 7. These _________ (句子) are too long. Can you make them shorter? 8. We should be _________ (礼貌的) when talking to others. 9. He is _________ (十分) good at playing basketball. 10. It is very _________ (重要的) to listen to the teacher in class.  三、语法填空 A.用所给词的适当形式填空。 1.She always______(forget) to bring her notebook to class. 2. It’s very important ______(listen) carefully in class. 3.What was your ______(one) lesson at junior high? 4. There are many__________(activity) in our school. 5.How many_______(student) are there in your class? B.阅读短文,在空白处填入适当的单词,或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。 Hello, boys and girls! My name is Lucy. I think learning is very important. When I 6. _______ (start) to do my homework yesterday, I found it easier to remember 7.________(meaning) things. Last week, we had a test, and it was 8. ______ (real) difficult. I made some mistakes, but I also learned a lot of new things. My teacher said, “Learning without thinking 9. ______(be) of no use.” This sentence jumped into10. _________ (me) mind, and I think it’s very true. 三.单项选择 1.Mike is    American boy and Li Ting is    Chinese girl.  A.an;an     B.an;a C.a;a     D.a;an 2.—Hello! My name is Amy. What is    name?  —I’m Steve. Nice to meet you. A.her     B.its C.your     D.his 3.Jane is    . She is from    . A.England;English     B.English;England C.English;English     D.England;England 4.—Bob,    your grandpa very old?  —No, he’s only fifty-eight. A.is     B.are C.do     D.does 5.—Mary, today is Saturday. How about    shopping?  —Good idea. A.go     B.to go C.going    D.goes 6.—Is the girl your sister? —   . She is my classmate. Her name is Lisa. My sister’s name is Lily.   A.Yes, she is     B.No, she isn’t C.Yes, he is     D.No, he isn’t 7.Alice’s last name is White, so her full name is    .  A.Alice Green     B.Green Alice C.White Alice     D.Alice White 8.—    is Ms. Smith?  —I don’t know, but I know her age is a secret (秘密). A.Where     B.How C.How old     D.What 9.—Dad, this is my friend Wang Qiang. —Oh.     —Nice to meet you too, Mr. Li. A.How are you?     B.Nice to meet you. C.How do you do?     D.Good afternoon. 10.Jimmy likes(喜欢) blue,    I don’t like it.  A.but     B.or C.for     D.too 四.完形填空 Hello, everyone. My name is Betty Smith. Betty is my  11  name and Smith is my family name. You can call(称呼)  12  Betty. I’m from America,  13  I’m in Beijing with my dad and mum now.  I’m a  14  in Beijing No. 2 Middle School and I’m in Class 4 Grade 7. There are 24 boys and 22 girls in my  15 . My classmates are all  16  to me and we are good friends. My Chinese is not very good and they often  17  me with it after class. The teachers are nice to me  18 .  I like Beijing. Beijing is very  19  and there are many good places to go. But I don’t like the  20  here. It’s too hot in summer.  11. A.favourite     B.first C.last     D.family 12. A.her    B.him    C.me    D.it 13. A.or    B.so    C.but    D.after 14. A.classmate      B.friend C.teacher     D.student 15. A.class    B.grade   C.city    D.school 16. A.new      B.sorry C.nice     D.small 17. A.see    B.help    C.draw    D.thank 18. A.too    B.all    C.again    D.please 19. A.small   B.clean   C.big  D.cold 20. A.sport     B.time C.colour     D.weather 1 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题02 Unit 1 A new start(Understanding ideas)-【小升初】2025年新七年级英语暑期英衔接讲义(外研版2024)
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专题02 Unit 1 A new start(Understanding ideas)-【小升初】2025年新七年级英语暑期英衔接讲义(外研版2024)
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专题02 Unit 1 A new start(Understanding ideas)-【小升初】2025年新七年级英语暑期英衔接讲义(外研版2024)
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