精品解析：山西省朔州市怀仁市怀仁大地、云洲职中2024-2025学年高二下学期6月月考英语试题

绝密★启用前 怀仁市大地学校2024-2025学年度下学期第四次月考 高二英语 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 注意事项： 1．本试卷由三个部分组成。其中，第一和第二部分的第一节为选择题。第二部分的第二节和第三部分为非选择题。 2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) (略) 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分60分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A ★Would you like volunteers to help with everyday chores? A retired couple wants to contribute in any way that can help. We have worked with Blaze Aid, a volunteer-based organization, in the last two years, but want to stay away from the coast this year. We have owned a small farm in Victoria for 20 years but now live in the town. He is a good handyman for most jobs while I am an accountant. We are available from 10th to 28th June. The perfect arrangement is to provide power & water connections for our caravan(可供居住的拖车) . Please contact Noel & Sue Hutchens on 0427543001. ★We will be leaving Brisbane and are looking for work. We haven’t set a destination and just prepare to go wherever the work takes us. Below is a little about us and what we have experience in, but we are happy to try anything, especially picking. My husband’s name is John, 57 years old. He is fit and has experience in the fruit & vegetable industry. We have our own self-contained caravan. Please contact John on 0419670602. ★My name is Carol and my partner is Allan. We are travelling around Australia and looking for short- or long-term work as Motel or Caravan Park Managers. We both take pride in our work and are very interested in the hotel industry. We are non-smokers and consider ourselves friendly, honest, reliable, flexible, enthusiastic, quick learners with a willingness to learn more and a desire to deliver outstanding customer service. Please contact Carol on 0438822295. ★We are a happy and healthy couple experienced in caretaking of caravan parks and are looking for short-term caretaker roles in Victoria or New South Wales. We have a fully self-contained caravan and a tiny pet Chihuahua. Please contact Clyde on 0407510690. 1. Which number should you call if you need help with daily chores? A. 0427543001. B. 0419670602. C. 0438822295. D. 0407510690. 2. Where do John and his wife most want to work? A. On fruit farms. B. Near Brisbane. C. In caravan parks. D. Near their hometown. 3. What makes the last couple different from the other three? A. They have little relevant experience. B. They want to try something different. C. They are specific about working places. D. They have a fully self-contained caravan. 【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，展示了四则志愿者或工作招聘广告，分别介绍了不同人员的技能、工作意向及联系方式。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一则广告首句“Would you like volunteers to help with everyday chores? A retired couple wants to contribute in any way that can help.(你需要志愿者帮忙做日常家务吗？一对退休夫妇想以任何可能的方式提供帮助)”及末尾“Please contact Noel & Sue Hutchens on 0427543001(请通过0427543001联系诺埃尔与休·哈钦斯)”可知，需要日常家务帮助应拨打0427543001，故选A项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二则广告中“Below is a little about us and what we have experience in, but we are happy to try anything, especially picking. My husband’s name is John, 57 years old. He is fit and has experience in the fruit & vegetable industry. We have our own self-contained caravan. Please contact John on 0419670602 (以下是关于我们的一些介绍以及我们所具备的相关经验，不过我们很乐意尝试任何工作，尤其是采摘类的工作。我的丈夫名叫约翰，57岁，他身体健壮，有在果蔬行业工作的经验。我们有一辆设施齐全的自行式旅居车。请拨打0419670602联系约翰)”可知，John 和妻子尤其希望从事采摘工作，而采摘通常与水果农场相关，故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。对比四则广告：第一则广告提到“stay away from the coast(远离海岸)”；第二则广告提到“go wherever the work takes us(工作派我们去哪，我们就去哪)”可知工作地点灵活；第三则广告未明确工作地点；第四则广告明确要求“looking for short-term caretaker roles in Victoria or New South Wales(寻找维多利亚州或新南威尔士州的短期管理员职位)”。由此可知，最后一对夫妇对工作地点有具体限定，而其他三对地点要求较灵活，这是其不同之处，故选C项。 B The Last Supper is regarded as one of the super masterpieces in the whole field of pictorial art. Tradition has it that Leonardo da Vinci worked for ten years upon the painting, the monks in the church annoyed at the delay. It was said that Leonardo often painted continuously from dawn to night without eating his meals. But at other times he spent hours before the picture, lost in contemplation, examining, comparing, and measuring his figures. This inactivity aroused the anger of the fussy Prior, the head of the church, who belonged to the large group of those who believed that the busier a man seems, the more he achieves; and so he tried to find fault with the idle painter. Leonardo was slightly unhappy and explained to somebody else that there is a great difference between the work of the creative artist and the stonemason. The creative artist needs time for contemplation; he may be busiest when his hands are idlest. Just now he needed two heads to complete the picture: that of Christ, for which no model on earth could be found, for where was the man to be found whose face would express the strength, and beauty, and tenderness, and deep sorrow of the Christ; then he also needed a head of Judas, and that was hard to find as well, for where was the man whose face could express the meanness of that base traitor. But he would look no further; if none came his way, he would be satisfied to take Prior as a model for Judas. This threat silenced the angry Prior, who quite naturally had no desire to pass to descendants in such a fashion. 4. What does the underlined word “contemplation” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Possibility. B. Intention. C. Deep thought. D. Great expectation. 5. Why did the Prior complain about the delay? A. Because he thought that the painter idled most of the hours. B. Because he knew that genius might be busiest when seemingly idlest. C. Because he liked the work of a stonemason. D. Because he was eager to be taken as a model for Judas. 6. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The painter was pleased with the Prior’s anger. B. The Prior was angry because he thought the painter did not work hard. C. The painter took one of the monks as a model for Christ. D. The painter took one of the monks as a model for Judas. 7. Why did the Prior stop complaining? A. He did not wish to be remembered like an evil traitor after he died. B. He wanted to be painted as a tender Christ. C. He disliked to be painted in fashionable clothes. D. He was pleased to be a fashionable model. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章叙述了达·芬奇创作他的名画《最后的晚餐》时的趣事。 【4题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词上文“at other times he spent hours before the picture(在其他时候，他会花好几个小时凝视着那幅画)”以及后文“examining, comparing, and measuring his figures(对他的人物进行检查、比较和估量)”可知，画家花数小时在画前面检查、对比以及估量他的人物，即进行深思，故划线词意思是“深思”。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“This inactivity aroused the anger of the fussy Prior, the head of the church, who belonged to the large group of those who believed that the busier a man seems, the more he achieves; and so he tried to find fault with the idle painter.(这种无所作为的行为激怒了那位挑剔的主教，他是教会的负责人，属于那种认为一个人越忙碌就越能有所成就的那一大群人当中的一员。于是，他便试图挑画家的毛病)”可推知，Prior抱怨达·芬奇画拖延时间，是因为他觉得画家虚度了大部分时间。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“This inactivity aroused the anger of the fussy Prior, the head of the church, who belonged to the large group of those who believed that the busier a man seems, the more he achieves(这种不作为激怒了那位挑剔的主教Prior，他是教会的负责人，属于那种认为一个人越忙碌就越能有所成就的那一大群人当中的一员)”可知，Prior很生气，因为他觉得达·芬奇没有努力画。故选B。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But he would look no further; if none came his way, he would be satisfied to take Prior as a model for Judas. This threat silenced the angry Prior, who quite naturally had no desire to pass to descendants in such a fashion.(但他不会再去找其他人了；如果没人愿意来话，他就会满足于以Prior为原型塑造犹大这个角色。这一威胁让愤怒的Prior闭上了嘴，因为他自然不想以这种方式将这个角色传给后代)”可推知，Prior停止抱怨，因为他不想死后人们把他当作一个邪恶的叛徒来纪念，故选A。 C A competition making up Versailles literature was launched on Sina Weibo recently. So what is Versailles literature? Actually, the term has nothing to do with the French palace nor with literature. It came from The Rose of Versailles, a Japanese manga series about aristocratic（贵族化的）life at the palace of Versailles in France in the late 18th century, and was coined by a Chinese influencer earlier this year. Known as humblebragging, it is a big takl disguised as a complaint. “I have too many houses. How can I decide which one to decorate?” and “I thought I lost weight this morning. So disappointed when I realized it was because I took off the huge diamond ring my boyfriend gave me last night” are some examples of Versailles literature. The intention is to show off --- usually things of materialistic values, yet one ought to pretend that’s not the point. As the 19th century English author Jane Austen famously wrote, “Nothing is more dishonest than the appearance of modesty.” The psychology behind humblebragging is to be recognized for one’s successes and be liked by others at the same time, according to scholars. In her article titled Why do people hate humblebragging? published in Psychology Today, psychologist Dr. Susan Krauss Whitbourne at the University of Massachusetts Amherst noted that humblebragging is a “strategy in pursuit of respect” because it draws attention to one’s accomplishments in a circuitous way. However, studies on social media users show that humblebragging as a self-promotion strategy does not work. In the essay Humblebragging: A distinct and ineffective self-presentation strategy, the University of North Carolina researcher Ovul Sezer and Harvard University scholars Francesca Gino and Michael Norton concluded from their research that humblebraggers are perceived more negatively than straight braggers due to the former’s insincerity. “The critical factor differentiating the two groups of people is sincerity. People don’t like braggers, but they at least see them as more sincere than humblebraggers,” said Francesca Gino. So, how can we annoy humblebraggers back? “Just pretend you don’t get whatever it is they try to show off,” a netizen advised. “And respond with genuine sympathy for their complaints.” 8. Which of the following statements is typical of “Versailles literature”? A. You know who my father is? My father is Li Gang. B. I’m fed up with living in the countryside with no shopping malls around. C. It’s a headache how to make my son tidy up his room regularly. D. Got five offers to date. I’m at a loss which to choose. 9. What is the psychology behind humblebragging? A. To earn others’ admiration. B. To win others’ sympathy. C. To show his/her sincerity. D. To mask his/her complaint. 10. What does the underlined world “circuitous” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. indirect B. straightforward C. obvious. D. sharp. 11. What can’t be inferred from the passage? A. Braggers are relatively more sincere than humblebraggers. B. Humblebragging is an artificial appearance of being humble. C. If you want to be perceived positively, avoid using Versailles literature. D. To respond with real sympathy will discourage humblebraggers. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“凡尔赛文学”。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Known as humblebragging, it is a boast（吹牛）disguised as a complaint. “I have too many houses. How can I decide which one to decorate?” and “I thought I lost weight this morning. So disappointed when I realized it was because I took off the huge diamond ring my boyfriend gave me last night” are some examples of Versailles literature. The intention is to show off --- usually things of materialistic values, yet one ought to pretend that’s not the point.（这被称为谦虚自夸，是一种伪装成抱怨的自夸。“我的房子太多了。我怎么决定要装饰哪一个呢？和“我以为今天早上我瘦了。”当我意识到是因为我把昨晚男朋友送给我的巨大钻石戒指摘下来的时候，我非常失望。”这些都是凡尔赛文学的例子。其目的是炫耀——通常是一些物质价值的东西，但人们应该假装这不是重点。）”可知，“凡尔赛文学”是指谦虚自夸，是一种伪装成抱怨的自夸，其目的是炫耀——通常是一些物质价值的东西。以下哪种说法是“凡尔赛文学”的典型说法的是D项“Got five offers to date. I’m at a loss which to choose. (到目前为止已经有五份工作了。我不知道该选哪个)”符合题意，故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The psychology behind humblebragging is to be recognized for one’s successes and be liked by others at the same time, according to scholars.（根据学者们的研究，谦虚自夸背后的心理是为了在获得成功的同时得到别人的认可和喜欢）”可知，谦虚自夸背后的心理是为了赢得别人的赞赏。因此，虚夸背后的心理是A项“To earn others’ admiration.(赢得别人的赞赏）”符合题意，故选A项。 【10题详解】 词义猜测题。根据上文“that humblebragging is a “strategy in pursuit of respect”( 谦虚自夸是一种“追求尊重的策略”）”可知，谦虚自夸是用自谦的方式来吹牛，是一种绕弯的方式。由此可推知，划线词所在句子意为“因为它以一种迂回的方式将人们的注意力吸引到一个人的成就上”，划线词 “circuitous”意为“迂回的”。因此，第三段中带下划线的“circuitous”可能是什么意思是A项“indirect(迂回的)”符合题意，故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段 “People don’t like braggers, but they at least see them as more sincere than humblebraggers,”(人们不喜欢吹牛的人，但至少他们觉得这些人比谦虚自夸者更真诚。)”可知，吹牛的人要比谦虚自夸者更真诚；根据第三段“nothing is more deceitful than the appearance of humility(没有什么比谦虚的外表更容易骗人的了)”可知，没有什么比谦逊的外表更具欺骗性了，吹牛是谦虚的假象；根据最后一段“So, how can we annoy humblebraggers back? “Just pretend you don’t get whatever it is they try to show off,” a netizen advised. “And respond with genuine sympathy for their complaints.”( 那么，我们该如何回应这些谦虚的吹牛者呢?一位网友建议道：“他们想炫耀的是什么，你就假装什么都不懂吧。”“并对他们的抱怨报以真诚的同情。”)”可知，回应这些谦虚的吹牛者，应该假装什么都不懂，(用真正的同情来回应可能会让谦虚的吹牛者泄气。因此，文中没有提到如何被认可， C选项“If you want to be perceived positively, avoid using Versailles literature(如果你想被正面地看待，避免使用凡尔赛文学)”从文中无法推出。故选C项。 D When it comes to making healthy lifestyle changes, which should come first-changing your diet or becoming more physically active? Previous studies suggested that providing people with too much information about nutrition and physical activity at once tends (趋向) to be discouraging. That has led to the popularity of advising people to make changes gradually, and set smaller goals. So the scientists divided 200 inactive participants who were 45 or older into four groups. One group was instructed in making diet and fitness changes at the same time; the second group was taught about diet changes first, and then fitness changes four months later; the third group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating habits four months later; and the final, control group was not instructed in either diet or fitness changes but in how to manage their stress. The researchers followed the groups for a full year. Compared to the control group, the three intervention (干预) groups made healthy changes in their diet. Those who changed their fitness habits first significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily compared to the other groups after four months. However, at the end of the year, the group that changed both diet and exercise at the same time was the only one that met the nationally recommended targets for both exercise and nutrition levels, while those who worked on improving their nutrition first were unable to meet the recommended levels of fitness after a year. The researchers suspect that changes to diet are easier to make than changes to physical activity. The findings show, however, that pairing diet and exercise changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding more physical activity into their lives. If folks change diet and exercise orderly, the scientists say, they may end up placing more importance on the first set of behavior changes and feel less pressured to address the second set. 12. How is Paragraph 3 developed? A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons. C. By analyzing causes. D. By making classifications. 13. Which group was the most physically active after four months? A. The first group. B. The second group. C. The third group. D. The control group. 14. What might the scientists approve of? A. Changing eating habits first may be reasonable. B. Diet and exercise changes should be made orderly. C. Diet and exercise changes are equally hard to make. D. Diet and exercise should be processed at the same time. 15. Which of the following is probably the title of the passage? A. Changing your habits for better health B. Ways to lead a healthy and balanced life C. Making healthy lifestyle changes really counts D. Timing matters in making diet and exercise changes 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章提到，要想健康生活，是先改变饮食还是先更加积极地运动呢？研究发现，两者同时进行效果最佳。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“So the scientists divided 200 inactive participants who were 45 or older into four groups. One group was instructed in making diet and fitness changes at the same time; the second group was taught about diet changes first, and then fitness changes four months later; the third group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating habits four months later; and the final, control group was not instructed in either diet or fitness changes but in how to manage their stress.”（因此，科学家们将45岁以上的200名不活跃的参与者分为四组。一组同时接受饮食和健身改变的指导； 第二组先被考虑饮食改变，四个月后接受健身改变的指导；第三组首先改变他们的运动习惯，四个月后改变他们的饮食习惯；最后，对照组既没有接受饮食又没健身改变的指导，而是接受如何管理压力的指导。）可知，科学家将200名参与者分成四组，然后分别介绍了这四组参赛者的不同情况，由此判断出本段主要是通过分类别的形式，来形成不同组别的，发展第三段的，故选D项。 13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“the third group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating habits four months later”（第三组首先改变他们的运动习惯，四个月后改变他们的饮食习惯）可知，第三组先改变锻炼习惯，四个月后改变饮食习惯，再结合第四段中的“Those who changed their fitness habits first significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily compared to the other groups after four months.”（那些首先改变了健身习惯的人，在四个月后，他们每天接受的运动量比其他组显著增加。）可知，4个月后，与其他组相比，那些改变了锻炼习惯的人每天的运动量首先显著增加了，这是第三组所对应的实验方式；故推知四个月后，第三组受试者身体运动量显著加大，即第三组受试者的身体最活跃，故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The findings show, however, that pairing diet and exercise changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding more physical activity into their lives.”（然而，研究结果表明，同时改变饮食和锻炼可以帮助人们克服在加大运动量方面面临的一些障碍）可知，同时改变饮食和锻炼可以帮助人们克服在加大运动量方面的障碍，故饮食和锻炼应同时进行才会有更好的效果，推知科学家们会赞同这种做法。故选D项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。文章第一段“When it comes to making healthy lifestyle changes, which should come first-changing your diet or becoming more physically active?”（当谈到改变健康的生活方式时，应该先改变你的饮食习惯还是增加身体锻炼？）可知，本文开头提出“要想健康生活，是先改变饮食还是先更加积极地运动”这一问题，文章后面段落通过实验来寻求这个问题的答案；文章最后一段中的“The findings show, however, that pairing diet and exercise changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding more physical activity into their lives.”（然而，研究结果表明，同时改变饮食和锻炼可以帮助人们克服在加大运动量方面面临的一些障碍）可知这是这个问题实验后所得出的结论，全文从开头到结尾一直在以寻找这个问题的答案而进行叙述；D项“Timing matters in making diet and exercise changes”（改变饮食和锻炼的时机很重要）正是本文所寻求的答案，是本文的主旨，作为本文标题最合适，故选D项。 第二节 (共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 As we age, it is natural for our bodies to undergo certain changes that can affect our health and well-being. ____16____ Here are some tips for seniors to age with health in mind. Communication is key. Be sure to consider and communicate with the person who will represent you when you can’t represent yourself. There are many big decisions to think over as we get older, and they not only impact us, but our friends, family. End of life matters take a lot of time to consider and to communicate with our loved ones. Remember in a health emergency, you’re not at your best. ____17____ Focus on social determinants of health. ____18____ Make sure you spend enough time and energy on the non-clinical things that impact health outcomes. This includes eating healthy food, exercise, meditation (冥想), social interaction, and doing the things that bring you joy. You may be surprised to know the social and economic factors that impact health account for up to 75 percent of health outcomes. ____19____ When it comes to aims, think both big and small. Small things like going to a social club or gym a few times a week or walking around the neighborhood can have wonderful outcomes for well-being. Cultivate a strong relationship with your PCP. Having a strong and stable relationship with your primary care physician is important. ____20____ You need to find out conditions you may not be aware of. This can include diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. A. Prevention beats cure B. Try to stay physically active. C. Create attainable health goals. D. Events do not happen as one wishes. E. However, there are ways to age gracefully. F. It’s a good idea to visit your doctor yearly at least G. The emergency room is not the place to discuss things. 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. B 19. C 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章就如何优雅的老去给出了一些建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“As we age, it is natural for our bodies to undergo certain changes that can affect our health and well-being.(随着年龄的增长，我们的身体发生某些变化是很自然的，这些变化会影响我们的健康和幸福)”可知，变老会影响我们的健康和幸福，结合下文“Here are some tips for seniors to age with health in mind.(这里有一些建议，供老年人健康的老去)”推知，空处内容与上文构成转折，指出人们可以优雅的变老。E项“However, there are ways to age gracefully.(然而，有一些方法可以优雅地变老)”符合题意。故选E。 【17题详解】 空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“End of life matters take a lot of time to consider and to communicate with our loved ones. Remember in a health emergency, you’re not at your best.(生命终结的问题需要花很多时间来考虑，并与我们所爱的人沟通。记住，在健康紧急情况下，你不是处于最佳状态)”可知，健康紧急情况下，人的状态不好，因此急救室不适合谈论身后事。G项“The emergency room is not the place to discuss things.(急诊室不是讨论事情的地方)”符合题意，emergency room呼应上文health emergency。故选G。 【18题详解】 根据下文“Make sure you spend enough time and energy on the non-clinical things that impact health outcomes. This includes eating healthy food, exercise, meditation (冥想), social interaction, and doing the things that bring you joy. (确保你花了足够的时间和精力在影响健康结果的非临床事情上。这包括吃健康的食物、锻炼、冥想、社交以及做能给你带来快乐的事情)”可知，应该在身体上保持积极活跃。B项“Try to stay physically active.(尽量在身体上保持活跃)”符合题意。故选B。 【19题详解】 空处为本段主旨句。根据下文“When it comes to aims, think both big and small. Small things like going to a social club or gym a few times a week or walking around the neighborhood can have wonderful outcomes for well-being.(当谈到目标时，要考虑大小。一些小事，比如每周去几次社交俱乐部或健身房，或者在附近散步，都会对健康产生很好的影响)”可知，本段的建议是制定可实现的健康目标。C项“Create attainable health goals.(制定可实现的健康目标)”符合题意，总起下文。故选C。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Having a strong and stable relationship with your primary care physician is important.(与你的初级保健医生建立牢固稳定的关系很重要)”和下文“You need to find out conditions you may not be aware of. This can include diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases.(你需要找出你可能不知道的情况。这可能包括糖尿病、癌症和心血管疾病)”可知，要常与医生联系，除了建立稳固的关系外，也可以了解自己不知道的健康问题。F项“It’s a good idea to visit your doctor yearly at least(至少每年去看医生是个好主意)”符合题意，承上启下。故选F。 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When John Gurdon was 15, he ranked last out of the 250 boys in his grade at biology. His teacher wrote in a ____21____, “I believe he has ideas about becoming a(n)____22____; from his present performance this is quite foolish.” Luckily, the teacher's words didn't ____23____ Gurdon's love for science. He went to labs earlier and left later than anyone else. Finally he ____24____ his dream. On Oct. 8, 2012, 64 years later, the British professor ____25____ the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Gurdon got the honor because of his research into cells and cloning. When he was studying at Oxford, he did some ____26____ on cells. He took a cell from an adult frog, moved its genes ____27____, and put them into an egg cell. The egg cell then grew into a clone of the adult frog. His research ____28____ for the first time that every cell in the body contains the same genes. Later it helped to ____29____ Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first cloned mammal in history. It also led to important findings in the ____30____ use of cells. This is good news for those ____31____ who have diseased or damaged tissue. Gurdon always remembers the ____32____ he had when he was 15. He even puts the report on his desk as a daily ____33____ to himself. “When you have problems, like an experiment which doesn't work, it's ____34____ to remind yourself that perhaps you are not so good at your job and that the teacher may be ____35____,” he said. However, the facts suggest Gurdon is pretty good indeed. 21. A. report B. post C. comment D. program 22. A. musician B. scientist C. manager D. inventor 23. A. stop B. mean C. inspire D. reflect 24. A. practiced B. realized C. gave up D. took on 25. A. won B. founded C. dreamed of D. applied for 26. A. reading B. writing C. change D. research 27. A. suddenly B. secretly C. carefully D. casually 28 A. predicted B. assumed C. proved D. provided 29. A. rescue B. discover C. feed D. create 30. A. commercial B. medical C. physical D. illegal 31. A. fools B. visitors C. patients D. doctors 32. A. friend B. teacher C. classmate D. neighbor 33. A. regulation B. paper C. reminder D. reward 34. A. potential B. complicated C. rough D. nice 35. A. right B. wrong C. modest D. welcome 【答案】21. A 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了John Gurdon曾是全年级成绩最差的学生，但是他通过自己的不懈努力证明了自己，并在研究细胞和克隆方面取得了巨大成就，获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的老师在一份报告中写道：“我相信他有成为一名科学家的想法；从他现在的表现来看，这是相当愚蠢的。”A. report报告；B. post帖子；C. comment评论；D. program项目。呼应后文中“He even puts the report”指老师写的报告。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的老师在一份报告中写道：“我相信他有成为一名科学家的想法；从他现在的表现来看，这是相当愚蠢的。”A. musician音乐家；B. scientist科学家；C. manager经理；D. inventor发明者。从下文中的“Gurdon's love for science”可推知，老师认为他有成为科学家的想法。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，老师的话并没有阻止Gurdon对科学的热爱。A. stop阻止，停止；B. mean意味着；C. inspire鼓舞；D. reflect反应。根据后文“the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine”他赢得了诺贝尔奖可知，老师的话并没有阻止他对科学的热爱。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：终于他实现了他的梦想。A. practiced练习；B. realized实现，意识到；C. gave up放弃；D. took on呈现。后文提到他赢得了诺贝尔奖，可知他实现了梦想。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：64年后的2012年10月8日，这位英国教授获得了诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 A. won赢得；B. founded建立；C. dreamed of梦想；D. applied for申请。根据后文“the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine”指赢得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，应用win。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当他在牛津大学学习的时候，他做了一些关于细胞的研究。A. reading阅读；B. writing写；C. change改变；D. research研究。根据上文中的“his research into cells and cloning”和空后的on cells可知，此处表示他在牛津学习的时候，对细胞做过一些研究。故选D。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他从一只成年青蛙身上取出一个细胞，小心地移动它的基因，然后将它们放入卵细胞中。A. suddenly突然；B. secretly秘密地；C. carefully仔细地，小心地；D. casually随意地。根据上文“He took a cell from an adult frog, moved its genes”结合语境可知，空处应表示“小心翼翼地”。故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的研究首次证明，人体内的每个细胞都含有相同的基因。A. predicted预测；B. assumed假设；C. proved证明；D. provided提供。根据后文“for the first time that every cell in the body contains the same genes”可知，他证明了人体内的每个细胞都含有相同的基因。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，它在1996年帮助创造了多利羊，这是历史上第一只克隆哺乳动物。A. rescue救援；B. discover发现；C. feed喂养；D. create创造。结合后文“Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first cloned mammal in history”可知克隆羊是他创造出来的。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它还导致了细胞在医学用途上的重要发现。A. commercial商业的；B. medical医学的；C. physical物理的；D. illegal非法的。根据后文“who have diseased or damaged tissue”可知是医学上的用途。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对那些病变或组织受损的患者来说是个好消息。A. fools傻瓜；B. visitors访问者；C. patients病人；D. doctors医生。结合后文“who have diseased or damaged tissue”可知此处指病变或组织受损的病人。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gurdon 总是记得他15岁时的老师。A. friend朋友；B. teacher老师；C. classmate同学；D. neighbor邻居。根据空后的“when he was 15”并结合第一段内容可知，空处应指他15岁时的老师。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他甚至把这份报告放在桌子上作为自己的每日提醒。A. regulation条例；B. paper纸张；C. reminder提醒物；D. reward回报。根据空前的“He even puts the report on his desk”和下文中的remind yourself可知，他这么做的目的是提醒他自己。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“当你遇到问题时，比如实验失败了，最好提醒自己，也许你的工作做得不是很好，也许老师是对的。”A. potential潜在的；B. complicated复杂的；C. rough艰苦的；D. nice好的。根据语境并结合选项可知，假如实验不成功，它就很好地提醒自己在工作方面还不是非常擅长。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他说：“当你遇到问题时，比如实验失败了，最好提醒自己，也许你的工作做得不是很好，也许老师是对的。”A. right正确的；B. wrong错误的；C. modest谦虚的；D. welcome欢迎的。根据语境并结合空前的“perhaps you are not so good at your job”可知，此处表示老师可能是正确的。故选A。 第II卷 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。 Jade is an accounting manager, who has always been plain-looking. Ever since she ____36____(discover) selfie apps that could make herself look beautiful, she has become so _____37_____(addict) that Dad thinks she is a narcissist. Dr Hart says obsessive online photo editing indicates _____38_____ lack of self-confidence and a desire _____39_____ attention. On the contrary, Anthony never really cared about his _____40_____(appear) . At college he wore the same clothes day after day, _____41_____ confused his roommates very much. However, after he attended the TV programme A New You, he perceived that external beauty can be an expression of our personalities, _____42_____(help) us make a good and positive impression on others. Emma, a senior high school student, is _____43_____(large) than other girls, which bothered her most. She tried every means possible _____44_____(lose) weight, bringing her nothing but pain and poor health. Not until she came across the success story of Tess Holliday did she realise that health, mental and physical, is the most important thing. As Dr Hart says, good health not only ______45______(make) us more beautiful, but happier, too! 【答案】36. discovered 37. addicted 38. a 39. for 40. appearance 41. which 42. helping 43. larger 44. to lose 45. makes 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，文章通过Jade、Anthony和Emma的故事，探讨了人们对容貌的态度及健康的重要性，指出健康不仅让人更美，也更快乐。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：自从她发现了可以让自己看起来漂亮的自拍应用程序以来，她变得如此沉迷，以至于爸爸认为她是个自恋者。since引导时间状语从句时，主句用现在完成时，从句需用一般过去时表示动作发生在过去，故填discovered。 【37题详解】 考查形容词。句意：自从她发现了可以让自己看起来漂亮的自拍应用程序以来，她变得如此沉迷，以至于爸爸认为她是个自恋者。空白处在句子中作表语，使用形容词，且be addicted（to）为固定短语，意为“沉迷于……”，符合句意，故填addicted。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：哈特博士说，沉迷于在线照片编辑表明缺乏自信和对关注的渴望。a lack of 为固定短语，意为“缺乏……”，符合句意，故填a。 【39题详解】 考查介词。句意：哈特博士说，沉迷于在线照片编辑表明缺乏自信和对关注的渴望。desire for sth为固定短语，意为“对某物的渴望”，此处表示“对关注的渴望”，故填for。 【40题详解】 考查名词。句意：相反，安东尼从来没有真正关心过自己的外表。空白处在句子中作宾语。使用名词，appear的名词形式为appearance，故填appearance。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在大学里，他日复一日地穿同样的衣服，这让他的室友们很困惑。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面一整句话表示的内容，并在从句中作主语，故填which。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在他参加了电视节目《全新的你》之后，他意识到外在美可以是我们个性的一种表达，帮助我们给别人留下良好和积极的印象。空格处作伴随状语，external beauty与help之间为为逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词，故填helping。 【43题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：艾玛是一名高中生，比其他女孩更胖，这是她最烦恼的事。根据下文than可知，此处将艾玛和其他女孩进行比较，需用形容词比较级。large为单音节词，比较级形式为larger，故填larger。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：她想尽一切可能的办法减肥，却只给她带来了痛苦和健康不佳。空白处在句子中做状语表示目的，使用动词不定式，故填to lose。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：正如哈特博士所说，健康不仅让我们更美丽，也让我们更快乐！句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。主语good health为不可数名词，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，故填makes。 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的外国网友Michael将到中国留学，他担心自己可能难以适应新环境。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示欢迎与祝贺; 2. 给出适应新环境的建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Michael, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Michael, Welcome to China for further study! And I would like to express my sincere congratulations on your coming. I’m glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to adapt to the new environment. Here are some suggestions which I hope will be of some help to you. To begin with, you’d better think carefully about what courses to take, in which you will make some new friends. In addition, it would be a good idea to participate in some extra-curricular activities or sign up for school clubs, getting acquainted with new people and adapting to the life here quickly. Last but not least, if possible, explore some local cuisine, so that you can have a better understanding of the city where the new school is located. Hopefully you’ll enjoy your stay here. Looking forward to your coming. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求给你的外国网友Michael回一封建议信，Michael将到中国留学，关于如何更快地适应新环境，询问你的建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad→happy/pleased/delighted 建议：suggestion→advice/recommendation 参加：participate in→take part in/attend/join in 此外：in addition→ besides/furthermore 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Here are some suggestions which I hope will be of some help to you. 拓展句：Here are some suggestions, which I hope will be helpful to you. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To begin with, you’d better think carefully about what courses to take, in which you will make some new friends. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句。) 【高分句型2】In addition, it would be a good idea to participate in some extra-curricular activities or sign up for school clubs, getting acquainted with new people and adapting to the life here quickly. (运用了it作形式主语，to do为真正的主语以及现在分词作状语。) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 Christmas was hanging around. Six-year-old David was thinking what presents he could get from Santa. He wanted slippers; he wanted a silk tie; he wanted some toys. And school starting soon, he also hoped to get something about schooling. In order to get Santa to know what he needed, he thought he would write a letter to Santa, which he believed would bring him those presents. He found a sheet and made a list of the items on it, and then bent down to post the letter up the chimney, waiting for the draught to take it up. David got up very early on the Christmas morning. He searched his room carefully but to his disappointment, he didn’t find the presents he hoped for. Hadn’t Santa received the letter? Was he too busy to send him the gifts? Although feeling a little upset, David was convinced that Santa would not forget him and he was bound to receive the items. Many years had passed and 2015 came. In an old house of the Reading Town, a young builder, Lewis Shaw was removing the fireplace with his colleagues when he suddenly uncovered a small piece of paper, which was still in perfect condition even if it had turned yellow. He picked it up and unfolded it. It was a letter written to Santa. The touching hand-written note read: Dear Father Christmas, Please can you send me a drum, box of chalks, slippers, silk tie, pencil box, any little toys you have to spare. Love, David It was then signed off with lots of kisses This was the very letter written by David and the house was where he had lived during his childhood! The note struck a chord with Shaw—it told us how simple Christmas once was—and still should be. David didn’t ask for much, just the things he needed modestly. But children today, like his own son and daughter, were ungrateful and would email Santa, asking for expensive things and taking it for granted. Paragraph 1: Shaw decided to find out the author of the letter, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: A greater surprise was waiting for David. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: Shaw decided to find out the author of the letter. He shared a photo of the note on Facebook. He also spoke to the neighbours on both sides of the house, knowing that the current owner bought it two years ago, and that the former owner’s surname was Haylock. Within two days he connected with David Haylock, the now 78-year-old man. David and his wife met with the builder, and his construction team at the house, where Shaw returned him the letter. What a great surprise it was that he could read the letter again 72years after he wrote it! Paragraph 2: A greater surprise was waiting for David. After a pleasant chat, Shaw handed David a box. He told David it contained all the presents he had hoped for in the letter — David finally had his Christmas wishes fulfilled. As a matter of fact, it had taken Shaw much time to collect these presents. He didn’t even know what Rupert Annual was before he was able to get one. David was quite excited and decided not to open them until December 25. Having waited for 72 years, David didn’t mind waiting for 20 more days! 【解析】 【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了圣诞节即将到来，六岁的David写信给圣诞老人索要圣诞礼物，然后将信投入烟囱里希望风能将信带给圣诞老人。圣诞节当天却没有收到圣诞老人的礼物。时间到了2019年，当Lewis Shaw清理壁炉时发现了这封信。被信所感动的Lewis Shaw决心找到David，并把信带给了他，同时带给了他信里所要求的圣诞礼物。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“Shaw决定找出这封信的作者。”可知，第一段可描写Shaw是如何寻找信的作者的，以及David再次得到信后的感受。 ②由第二段首句内容“更大的惊喜等着David。”可知，第二段可描写Shaw帮助David实现了自己的圣诞愿望。 2.续写线索：Shaw决定找出信的作者——Shaw联系上了David——Shaw归还信——David实现圣诞愿望——David决定等到圣诞节再打开礼物。 3.词汇激活 行为类 找出：find out / chase down 联系上：connect with /get in touch with 实现：fulfilled / accomplish 情绪类 目前：current / present 兴奋：excited /thrilled 【点睛】[高分句型1] He also spoke to the neighbours on both sides of the house, knowing that the current owner bought it two years ago, and that the former owner’s surname was Haylock. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导宾语从句) [高分句型2] David and his wife met with the builder, and his construction team at the house, where Shaw returned him the letter. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 绝密★启用前 怀仁市大地学校2024-2025学年度下学期第四次月考 高二英语 (考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分) 注意事项： 1．本试卷由三个部分组成。其中，第一和第二部分的第一节为选择题。第二部分的第二节和第三部分为非选择题。 2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 4．考试结束后，将答题卡交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) (略) 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分60分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题3分，满分45分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 A ★Would you like volunteers to help with everyday chores? A retired couple wants to contribute in any way that can help. We have worked with Blaze Aid, a volunteer-based organization, in the last two years, but want to stay away from the coast this year. We have owned a small farm in Victoria for 20 years but now live in the town. He is a good handyman for most jobs while I am an accountant. We are available from 10th to 28th June. The perfect arrangement is to provide power & water connections for our caravan(可供居住的拖车) . Please contact Noel & Sue Hutchens on 0427543001. ★We will be leaving Brisbane and are looking for work. We haven’t set a destination and just prepare to go wherever the work takes us. Below is a little about us and what we have experience in, but we are happy to try anything, especially picking. My husband’s name is John, 57 years old. He is fit and has experience in the fruit & vegetable industry. We have our own self-contained caravan. Please contact John on 0419670602. ★My name is Carol and my partner is Allan. We are travelling around Australia and looking for short- or long-term work as Motel or Caravan Park Managers. We both take pride in our work and are very interested in the hotel industry. We are non-smokers and consider ourselves friendly, honest, reliable, flexible, enthusiastic, quick learners with a willingness to learn more and a desire to deliver outstanding customer service. Please contact Carol on 0438822295. ★We are a happy and healthy couple experienced in caretaking of caravan parks and are looking for short-term caretaker roles in Victoria or New South Wales We have a fully self-contained caravan and a tiny pet Chihuahua. Please contact Clyde on 0407510690. 1. Which number should you call if you need help with daily chores? A. 0427543001. B. 0419670602. C. 0438822295. D. 0407510690. 2. Where do John and his wife most want to work? A. On fruit farms. B. Near Brisbane. C. In caravan parks. D. Near their hometown. 3. What makes the last couple different from the other three? A. They have little relevant experience. B. They want to try something different. C. They are specific about working places. D. They have a fully self-contained caravan. B The Last Supper is regarded as one of the super masterpieces in the whole field of pictorial art. Tradition has it that Leonardo da Vinci worked for ten years upon the painting, the monks in the church annoyed at the delay. It was said that Leonardo often painted continuously from dawn to night without eating his meals. But at other times he spent hours before the picture, lost in contemplation, examining, comparing, and measuring his figures. This inactivity aroused the anger of the fussy Prior, the head of the church, who belonged to the large group of those who believed that the busier a man seems, the more he achieves; and so he tried to find fault with the idle painter. Leonardo was slightly unhappy and explained to somebody else that there is a great difference between the work of the creative artist and the stonemason. The creative artist needs time for contemplation; he may be busiest when his hands are idlest. Just now he needed two heads to complete the picture: that of Christ, for which no model on earth could be found, for where was the man to be found whose face would express the strength, and beauty, and tenderness, and deep sorrow of the Christ; then he also needed a head of Judas, and that was hard to find as well, for where was the man whose face could express the meanness of that base traitor. But he would look no further; if none came his way, he would be satisfied to take Prior as a model for Judas. This threat silenced the angry Prior, who quite naturally had no desire to pass to descendants in such a fashion. 4. What does the underlined word “contemplation” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Possibility. B. Intention. C. Deep thought. D. Great expectation. 5. Why did the Prior complain about the delay? A. Because he thought that the painter idled most of the hours. B. Because he knew that genius might be busiest when seemingly idlest. C Because he liked the work of a stonemason. D. Because he was eager to be taken as a model for Judas. 6. Which of the following is TRUE? A The painter was pleased with the Prior’s anger. B The Prior was angry because he thought the painter did not work hard. C. The painter took one of the monks as a model for Christ. D. The painter took one of the monks as a model for Judas. 7. Why did the Prior stop complaining? A. He did not wish to be remembered like an evil traitor after he died. B. He wanted to be painted as a tender Christ. C. He disliked to be painted in fashionable clothes. D. He was pleased to be a fashionable model. C A competition making up Versailles literature was launched on Sina Weibo recently. So what is Versailles literature? Actually, the term has nothing to do with the French palace nor with literature. It came from The Rose of Versailles, a Japanese manga series about aristocratic（贵族化的）life at the palace of Versailles in France in the late 18th century, and was coined by a Chinese influencer earlier this year. Known as humblebragging, it is a big takl disguised as a complaint. “I have too many houses. How can I decide which one to decorate?” and “I thought I lost weight this morning. So disappointed when I realized it was because I took off the huge diamond ring my boyfriend gave me last night” are some examples of Versailles literature. The intention is to show off --- usually things of materialistic values, yet one ought to pretend that’s not the point. As the 19th century English author Jane Austen famously wrote, “Nothing is more dishonest than the appearance of modesty.” The psychology behind humblebragging is to be recognized for one’s successes and be liked by others at the same time, according to scholars. In her article titled Why do people hate humblebragging? published in Psychology Today, psychologist Dr. Susan Krauss Whitbourne at the University of Massachusetts Amherst noted that humblebragging is a “strategy in pursuit of respect” because it draws attention to one’s accomplishments in a circuitous way. However, studies on social media users show that humblebragging as a self-promotion strategy does not work. In the essay Humblebragging: A distinct and ineffective self-presentation strategy, the University of North Carolina researcher Ovul Sezer and Harvard University scholars Francesca Gino and Michael Norton concluded from their research that humblebraggers are perceived more negatively than straight braggers due to the former’s insincerity. “The critical factor differentiating the two groups of people is sincerity. People don’t like braggers, but they at least see them as more sincere than humblebraggers,” said Francesca Gino. So, how can we annoy humblebraggers back? “Just pretend you don’t get whatever it is they try to show off,” a netizen advised. “And respond with genuine sympathy for their complaints.” 8. Which of the following statements is typical of “Versailles literature”? A. You know who my father is? My father is Li Gang. B. I’m fed up with living in the countryside with no shopping malls around. C. It’s a headache how to make my son tidy up his room regularly. D. Got five offers to date. I’m at a loss which to choose. 9. What is the psychology behind humblebragging? A. To earn others’ admiration. B. To win others’ sympathy. C. To show his/her sincerity. D. To mask his/her complaint. 10. What does the underlined world “circuitous” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. indirect B. straightforward C. obvious. D. sharp. 11. What can’t be inferred from the passage? A. Braggers are relatively more sincere than humblebraggers. B. Humblebragging is an artificial appearance of being humble. C. If you want to be perceived positively, avoid using Versailles literature. D. To respond with real sympathy will discourage humblebraggers. D When it comes to making healthy lifestyle changes, which should come first-changing your diet or becoming more physically active? Previous studies suggested that providing people with too much information about nutrition and physical activity at once tends (趋向) to be discouraging. That has led to the popularity of advising people to make changes gradually, and set smaller goals. So the scientists divided 200 inactive participants who were 45 or older into four groups. One group was instructed in making diet and fitness changes at the same time; the second group was taught about diet changes first, and then fitness changes four months later; the third group changed their exercise habits first and made changes in their eating habits four months later; and the final, control group was not instructed in either diet or fitness changes but in how to manage their stress. The researchers followed the groups for a full year. Compared to the control group, the three intervention (干预) groups made healthy changes in their diet. Those who changed their fitness habits first significantly increased the amount of exercise they received daily compared to the other groups after four months. However, at the end of the year, the group that changed both diet and exercise at the same time was the only one that met the nationally recommended targets for both exercise and nutrition levels, while those who worked on improving their nutrition first were unable to meet the recommended levels of fitness after a year. The researchers suspect that changes to diet are easier to make than changes to physical activity. The findings show, however, that pairing diet and exercise changes may help to overcome some of the barriers people face in adding more physical activity into their lives. If folks change diet and exercise orderly, the scientists say, they may end up placing more importance on the first set of behavior changes and feel less pressured to address the second set. 12. How is Paragraph 3 developed? A By giving examples. B. By making comparisons. C. By analyzing causes. D. By making classifications. 13. Which group was the most physically active after four months? A. The first group. B. The second group. C. The third group. D. The control group. 14. What might the scientists approve of? A. Changing eating habits first may be reasonable. B. Diet and exercise changes should be made orderly. C. Diet and exercise changes are equally hard to make. D. Diet and exercise should be processed at the same time. 15. Which of the following is probably the title of the passage? A. Changing your habits for better health B. Ways to lead a healthy and balanced life C. Making healthy lifestyle changes really counts D. Timing matters in making diet and exercise changes 第二节 (共5小题，每小题3分，满分15分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。 As we age, it is natural for our bodies to undergo certain changes that can affect our health and well-being. ____16____ Here are some tips for seniors to age with health in mind. Communication is key. Be sure to consider and communicate with the person who will represent you when you can’t represent yourself. There are many big decisions to think over as we get older, and they not only impact us, but our friends, family. End of life matters take a lot of time to consider and to communicate with our loved ones. Remember in a health emergency, you’re not at your best. ____17____ Focus on social determinants of health. ____18____ Make sure you spend enough time and energy on the non-clinical things that impact health outcomes. This includes eating healthy food, exercise, meditation (冥想), social interaction, and doing the things that bring you joy. You may be surprised to know the social and economic factors that impact health account for up to 75 percent of health outcomes. ____19____ When it comes to aims, think both big and small. Small things like going to a social club or gym a few times a week or walking around the neighborhood can have wonderful outcomes for well-being. Cultivate a strong relationship with your PCP. Having a strong and stable relationship with your primary care physician is important. ____20____ You need to find out conditions you may not be aware of. This can include diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. A. Prevention beats cure B. Try to stay physically active. C. Create attainable health goals. D. Events do not happen as one wishes. E. However, there are ways to age gracefully. F. It’s a good idea to visit your doctor yearly at least G. The emergency room is not the place to discuss things. 第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When John Gurdon was 15, he ranked last out of the 250 boys in his grade at biology. His teacher wrote in a ____21____, “I believe he has ideas about becoming a(n)____22____; from his present performance this is quite foolish.” Luckily, the teacher's words didn't ____23____ Gurdon's love for science. He went to labs earlier and left later than anyone else. Finally he ____24____ his dream. On Oct. 8, 2012, 64 years later, the British professor ____25____ the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Gurdon got the honor because of his research into cells and cloning. When he was studying at Oxford, he did some ____26____ on cells. He took a cell from an adult frog, moved its genes ____27____, and put them into an egg cell. The egg cell then grew into a clone of the adult frog. His research ____28____ for the first time that every cell in the body contains the same genes. Later it helped to ____29____ Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first cloned mammal in history. It also led to important findings in the ____30____ use of cells. This is good news for those ____31____ who have diseased or damaged tissue. Gurdon always remembers the ____32____ he had when he was 15. He even puts the report on his desk as a daily ____33____ to himself. “When you have problems, like an experiment which doesn't work, it's ____34____ to remind yourself that perhaps you are not so good at your job and that the teacher may be ____35____,” he said. However, the facts suggest Gurdon is pretty good indeed. 21. A. report B. post C. comment D. program 22. A. musician B. scientist C. manager D. inventor 23. A. stop B. mean C. inspire D. reflect 24. A. practiced B. realized C. gave up D. took on 25. A. won B. founded C. dreamed of D. applied for 26. A. reading B. writing C. change D. research 27. A. suddenly B. secretly C. carefully D. casually 28. A. predicted B. assumed C. proved D. provided 29. A. rescue B. discover C. feed D. create 30. A. commercial B. medical C. physical D. illegal 31. A. fools B. visitors C. patients D. doctors 32. A. friend B. teacher C. classmate D. neighbor 33. A. regulation B. paper C. reminder D. reward 34. A. potential B. complicated C. rough D. nice 35. A. right B. wrong C. modest D. welcome 第II卷 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或所给单词的正确形式。 Jade is an accounting manager, who has always been plain-looking. Ever since she ____36____(discover) selfie apps that could make herself look beautiful, she has become so _____37_____(addict) that Dad thinks she is a narcissist. Dr Hart says obsessive online photo editing indicates _____38_____ lack of self-confidence and a desire _____39_____ attention. On the contrary, Anthony never really cared about his _____40_____(appear) . At college he wore the same clothes day after day, _____41_____ confused his roommates very much. However, after he attended the TV programme A New You, he perceived that external beauty can be an expression of our personalities, _____42_____(help) us make a good and positive impression on others. Emma, a senior high school student, is _____43_____(large) than other girls, which bothered her most. She tried every means possible _____44_____(lose) weight, bringing her nothing but pain and poor health. Not until she came across the success story of Tess Holliday did she realise that health, mental and physical, is the most important thing. As Dr Hart says, good health not only ______45______(make) us more beautiful, but happier, too! 第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分) 46. 假定你是李华，你的外国网友Michael将到中国留学，他担心自己可能难以适应新环境。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 表示欢迎与祝贺; 2. 给出适应新环境的建议。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Michael, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一个完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。 Christmas was hanging around. Six-year-old David was thinking what presents he could get from Santa. He wanted slippers; he wanted a silk tie; he wanted some toys. And school starting soon, he also hoped to get something about schooling. In order to get Santa to know what he needed, he thought he would write a letter to Santa, which he believed would bring him those presents. He found a sheet and made a list of the items on it, and then bent down to post the letter up the chimney, waiting for the draught to take it up. David got up very early on the Christmas morning. He searched his room carefully, but to his disappointment, he didn’t find the presents he hoped for. Hadn’t Santa received the letter? Was he too busy to send him the gifts? Although feeling a little upset, David was convinced that Santa would not forget him and he was bound to receive the items. Many years had passed and 2015 came. In an old house of the Reading Town, a young builder, Lewis Shaw was removing the fireplace with his colleagues when he suddenly uncovered a small piece of paper, which was still in perfect condition even if it had turned yellow. He picked it up and unfolded it. It was a letter written to Santa. The touching hand-written note read: Dear Father Christmas, Please can you send me a drum, box of chalks, slippers, silk tie, pencil box, any little toys you have to spare. Love, David It was then signed off with lots of kisses. This was the very letter written by David and the house was where he had lived during his childhood! The note struck a chord with Shaw—it told us how simple Christmas once was—and still should be. David didn’t ask for much, just the things he needed modestly. But children today, like his own son and daughter, were ungrateful and would email Santa, asking for expensive things and taking it for granted. Paragraph 1: Shaw decided to find out the author of the letter, _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: A greater surprise was waiting for David. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$