比较等级与比较结构课件-2026届高考英语语法专项复习

2026届高考英语语法专项复习 比较等级与比较结构 Comparison and Comparative Construction 1 形容词与副词的比较等级 三个等级： 原级 Positive/Absolute Degree 比较级 Comparative Degree 最高级 Superlative Degree 比较级和最高级的形式 规则 不规则 构成法 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节词 tall fast taller faster tallest fastest 结尾为辅音闭音节单音节词 big bigger biggest 双音节 clever cleverer more clever cleverest most clever 结尾为辅音字母+y的双音节词 easy easier easiest 多音节词 important more important most important 规则形式 单击此处编辑母版文本样式 第二级 第三级 第四级 第五级 不规则形式 原级 比较级 最高级 good better best well bad worse worst ill old older/elder oldest/eldest much/many more most little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest 没有比较等级的词语 right, wrong, excellent, perfect, final, whole, ultimate, entire, fatal, spontaneous, univeral, extreme, etc. 比较结构 1. as ... as ... 2. more than & more…than(less…than) 3. not so much ... as 4. more/less of a +sing.[C]n.+ than 5. no more than & not more than 6. no more/less...than & not more...than 7. no more+n.+than & no less+n.+than 8. no less than & not less than & not less ... than 9. no other than & other than 10. A is to B what C is to D 11. the more… the more… / more and more 12. 倍数表达法 as…as… 基本形式 as + adj./adv.原级+ as 否定形式 not so/as + adj./adv.原级+ as less…than… Examples: John is as diligent as Bob. John is not as/so diligent as Bob. John is less diligent than Bob. as…as…变体形式 as much / many + 名词 + as 分句 e.g. He took as much butter as he needed. She has written as many essays as her brother. as+ adj. 原级+名词词组 + as分句 e.g. George is as efficient a worker as Jack. = George is a worker (who is) as efficient as Jack. as…as与 bad, much连用时，常置于句首，引导让步状语从句。译为“尽管……”： As / So bad as he is, he has his good points. As much as she hated cruelty, she couldn’t help watching the fight. as good as（此处不涉及比较级）= in effect, practically, 译为“实际上”： What he said has as good as shown his attitude. They have as good as promised to help us. more than & more…than(less…than) more than 不仅仅(不只是)；极其，非常 eg: Peace is more than the absence of war. He is more than happy about it. more A than B 与其说是B不如说是A less A than B = not so much A as B= not A so much as B 与其说是A不如说是B eg: John is more daring than quick-witted. = John is less quick-witted than daring. 与其说John脑子灵活，不如说他胆子大。 Success lies not so much in luck as in hard work. 与其说成功在于运气，不如说在于辛勤劳动。 not so much A as B = not A so much as B 与其说是A不如说是B His success is not so much by talent as by power. 与其说他的成功是由于才能，不如说是由于权力。 TEM4真题： It is not ____ much the language as the background that makes the book difficult to understand. A.that B.as C.so D.very more of A than B What he told us was more of an illusion than a reality. 他告诉我们的与其说是事实，不如说是幻觉。 not so much as 连…都没有 I don't know him, indeed I have not so much as heard his name. 我不认识他，甚至连他的名字都没听说过。 C as + much of + 单数名词 + as This meeting was as much of a failure as was expected. 这次会议正如我们所预料的那样失败。 It was _____ we had hoped. A. more a success than B. a success more than C.as much of a success as D.a success as much as 这正如我们所期望的那样成功。 该题考查比较结构as … as以及可等级名词的用法。success为可等级名词，可用于“much of + a + 单数名词”结构中，更常见于同比较结构相结合的结构中，如：as much of a … as，more of a … than，less of a … than等，其他可等级名词如：man，coward，sportsman，scholar，fool，poet等。该题只有C项结构正确，as much of a success as相当于as successful as。 C more/less of a +可数名词单数+ than e.g. He is more/less of a sportsman than his brother. = He is more/less sportsmanlike than his brother. He was more of a fool than I thought he was. He was as much of a fool as I thought he was. He was too much of a fool. no more than=just, only  只有，不过，仅仅（强调少） not more than=at most  不超过，至多（客观叙述） He has no more than five dollars on him. 他身上仅有5美元。(强调数额少) He has not more than five dollars on him. 他身上带的钱不超过5美元。(客观叙述数额少于5美元) no more than & not more than no more/less...than & not more...than no more ... than A与B一样都不… not more ... than  不如，并不比...更（程度上的差异） no less ... than A与B一样都… John is no more diligent than Tom. John和Tom一样都不勤奋。 John is not more diligent than Tom. John不如Tom勤奋。 John is no less diligent than Tom. John和Tom一样都很勤奋。 no + 形容词的比较级 + than =形容词的反义词 no richer than = as poor as no bigger than = as small as no more+n.+than & no less+n.+than no more…than = not…any more than …与…一样都不（强调否定） A whale is no more a fish than a horse is. = A whale is not a fish any more than a horse is. 鲸和马都不是鱼。(鲸之非鱼类，正如马之非鱼类。) no less…than = not…any less than …与…一样都（强调肯定） My elder brother is no less a singer than I am. = My elder brother is not a singer any less than I am. 我哥哥和我都是歌唱家。 more than 常见用法总结： ⑴ more than + n. = not only 不仅仅 My trip to the north is more than sightseeing. 我的北方之行并非观光而已。 ⑵ more than + adj. = very 非常，十分 We are more than happy to hear of your success. 听说你成功了，我们非常高兴。 ⑶ more than + adv./pron. = not limited to 不止 He was dressed more than simply. 他穿的岂止是朴素，简直是破烂了。 （他穿得过于寒酸。） ⑷ more than + num. = over 多于,大于 It took more than 100,000 men twenty years to build the Great Pyramid. 十多万人花费了二十年时间才建成了这座大金字塔。 (5) more + 介词短语 + than 主要是…，而不是… His success lies more in diligence than in intelligence. 他的成功主要在于勤奋，而不在于聪明。 (6) more…than sb can do“不是……所能的……”或“简直无法” That is more than I can do. 我力所不能及。 Mr. Brown has more money than he can spend. 布朗先生的钱多得用不完。 (7) nothing is more than / nothing more than / nothing more…than”这三种形式是英语中最高级的一种委婉表达法，译为“最……莫过于” Nothing is more precious than time, yet nothing is less valued. 最宝贵的莫过于时间，而最不值钱的也是时间。 (8) no more than = only, just 只有，仅仅 I have taken no more than six courses this semester. 这学期我只选了六门课程。 It is no more than a beginning. 这仅仅是个开端。 (9) not more than = at most 不超过，至多 He wrote not more than three novels. 他写得小说至多不超过三部。 (10) not more…than 并不比……更；不如 （not只否定前者） He is not more foolish than you. 他并不比你傻。 Exercise 1.工作不仅仅是成就和自豪。 Work is more than accomplishment and pride. 2.他对结果十分满意。 He is more than pleased with the result. 3.这种情况不止一次发生。 This situation happened more than once. 4.这家工厂有100多工人是大学生。 More than 100 workers in this factory are college students. 5.与其说他是哲学家，不如说他是诗人。 He is more a poet than a philosopher. =He is less a philosopher than a poet. Exercise 6.他似乎更关心他的狗，而不是他的孩子。 He seems to care more for his dogs than for his children. 7.他读不了那么多书。 He has more books than he can read. = He cannot read so many books. 8.我只不过是一个普普通通的人。 I am no more than an ordinary man. 9.剩下的票不超过10张。 There are not more than ten tickets left. 10.新版本并不比旧版本贵。 The new edition is not more expensive than the old edition. no less than = as much as  多达，竟有…之多（强调多） not less than  不少于，至少（客观地描述） no less +adj./n.+ than 不亚于，和 … 一样；正是 His son has read no less than 50 English books. 他的儿子竟然读了50本英文书。(强调多) His son has read not less than 50 English books. 他的儿子读了不少于50本英文书。(客观地描述) Her voice is no less sweet than it used to be. 她的歌声和以前一样甜美。 The middle-aged man was no less a person than the new minister. 这位中年人正是新来的部长。 no less than & not less than & not less ... than no other than 只有；正是（用来加强语气） This is no other than my old friend, John. 这位不是别人，正是我的老朋友约翰。 The murderer turned out to be no other person than the manager himself. 结果是，那个杀人犯不是别人，正是经理自己。 Not to think too much on the present lag, no other than wait. 不要对时下的滞留心存太多的思虑吧，等待就是了。 other than 除了 I had no interests other than skating. 除了滑冰，我没有其他的兴趣。 no other than & other than 比较结构的其它形式与用法 A is to B what C is to D A对于B就像C对于D一样 e.g. You are to me what water is to life. Food is to men what oil is to machine. the more… the more… 越…越… more and more 越来越 e.g. The sooner you start, the more quickly you’ll finish. Learning a foreign language is a more and more meaningful process. twice/three times等倍数词 + as + adj./adv原级 + as eg. This bridge is three times as long as that one. twice/three times等倍数词 + 比较对象(n. + of …) eg. This bridge is three times the length of that one. twice/three times等倍数词 + adj./adv.比较级 + than eg. This bridge is twice longer than that one. 倍数表达法 使用by, compared with 等表倍数 His speed is faster than mine by four times. 他的速度比我的快4倍。 Compared with last year, our coal output has increased by three times. 与去年相比，我们的煤产量增长了3倍。 A new laptop costs about _____ of a second-hand one. A.the price of three times B.three times the price C.as much as the three times price D.three times more than the price B She is a better speaker than _________ in the class. A. B. C. D. all the girls the other boys other any girl any boy 该题主要考查比较结构中比较对象的范围表达。该题的表意有两种可能：她比班上其他任何一个女孩都能言善辩；或者，她比班上任何一个男孩都能言善辩。表达前者应该用“any other girl”或“the other girls”，因为“she”属于“girls”的同一范围内，需要用other将自己排除在外；表达后者应该用“all boys”或“any boy”，因为“she”与“boy”不在同一范围内，通常使用any即可。 她比班上任何一个男孩都能言善辩。 Exercises Mary is _________ hardworking than her sister, but she failed in the exam. A. B. C. D. no less no more not less no so 该题主要考查比较结构no less ... than，no more ... than和not less ... than的用法辨析。no less ... than意为“和…一样都”，than前后都是肯定的意思，no less hardworking than相当于“as hardworking as”；no more ... than意为“和…一样不”，than前后都是否定的意思；而not less…than属于普通比较结构，是less ... than的否定结构；D项no so不能与than连用。根据语境，该句为but连接的并列句，后一分句语义发生转折，前一分句应表达肯定的意思，因此A为正确答案。 玛丽和她姐姐一样用功，但是考试却没及格。 Exercises It is not so much the language _________ the cultural background that makes the film difficult to understand. A. B. C. D. but nor like as 该题考查比较结构not so much A as B的用法。not so much A as B意为“与其说是A，倒不如说是B”，例如：He is not so much a writer as a reporter.（与其说他是一位作家，不如说他是一名记者。）根据语境，D为正确答案。其他选项均不能与not so much构成搭配。 与其说是语言，倒不如说是文化背景使得这部电影难以理解。 Exercises Overpopulation poses a terrible threat to the human race. Yet it is probably ______ a threat to the human race than environmental destruction. A. B. C. D. no more not more even more much more 该题主要考查比较结构not more … than…与no more … than的用法辨析。由第二句中的Yet可知，第二句应是对第一句的否定，应表达“人口过剩对人类造成的威胁可能并不比环境破坏更大”之意，因此用B项not more ... than结构“不比…更…”才合乎句意。A项no more … than意为“两者都不…”，与前一句矛盾，C、D项与yet的转折意义不符。 人口过剩对人类造成了可怕的威胁。然而，它对人类的威胁可能并不比环境破坏更大。 Exercises There are as good fish in the sea ______ ever came out of it. A. B. C. D. than like as so 该题考查比较结构“as +形容词原级+名词+ as-分句”的用法。“as +形容词原级+名词+ as-分句”为as … as结构的变体形式，意为“正如…一样，也…”，本句取自谚语。其他选项不构成比较结构，因此C为正确答案，直译为“捞出海的鱼像海里的鱼一样好”。 海中好鱼取不尽（喻指：虽然失去一个机会，还有很多机会）。 Exercises It was ______ we had hoped. A. B. C. D. more a success than a success more than as much of a success as a success as much as 该题考查比较结构as … as以及可等级名词的用法。success为可等级名词，可用于“much of + a + 单数名词”结构中，更常见于同比较结构相结合的结构中，如：as much of a … as，more of a … than，less of a … than等，其他可等级名词如：man，coward，sportsman，scholar，fool，poet等。该题只有C项结构正确，as much of a success as相当于as successful as，因此C为正确答案。 这正如我们所期望的那样成功。 Exercises Do you know Tim’s brother? He is _________ than Tim. A. B. C. D. much more sportsman more of a sportsman more of sportsman more a sportsman 该题主要考查可等级名词的用法。sportsman为可等级名词，可用于“much of / enough of / more of / less of / + a + 单数名词”等结构中。该题只有B项结构正确，more of a sportsman相当于more sportsmanlike，因此B为正确答案。 你认识蒂姆的弟弟吗?他比蒂姆更像个运动员。 Exercises The less the surface of the ground yields to the weight of a fully-loaded truck, ______ to the truck. A. B. C. D. the greater stress is greater is the stress the stress is greater the greater the stress 该题考查比较结构“The more…, the more…”。该结构表示“越…，越…”，前后两个分句都应该使用自然语序。有时第二部分可以使用省略形式，本句的完整形式为the greater the stress is to the truck，动词is可以被省略，因此D为正确答案。 满载的卡车与地表的接触面越小，卡车承受的压力就越大。 Exercises Issues of price, place, promotion, and product are ______ conventional concerns in planning marketing strategies. A. B. C. D. these of the most most of those among the most among the many of 该题考查among与最高级连用。among可用来表示一个比较范围，常与形容词最高级连用，意为“在最…的一类中”，例如：Shenyang is among the largest industrial cities in China，因此C为正确答案。 价格、地点、宣传和产品等问题都属于策划营销策略时最常规的一些关注点。 Exercises He was _________ to tell the truth even to his closest friend. A. B. C. D. too much of a coward too much the coward a coward enough enough of a coward 该题考查可等级名词及too … to结构的用法。coward为可等级名词，可用于“enough of / much of / more of / less of / + a + 单数名词”等结构中。该题A项、D项结构均正确，但D项不合语义，A项too much of a coward可以与其后的不定式构成too … to结构，too much of a coward相当于too much cowardly，因此A为正确答案。 他太胆小了，甚至不敢向他最亲密的朋友讲真话。 Exercises _________ the two, Bob is _________ student. A. B. C. D. Of, more diligent In, more diligent Of, the more diligent In, the more diligent 该题考查比较结构“the +比较级+ of-词组”。比较结构“the +比较级+ of-词组”为more … than结构的一种变体形式，只用于两者之间的比较，形容词前的定冠词不能省略，意为“在两个…中，…较好”，因此C为正确答案。 在这两个学生中，鲍勃是较用功的一个。 Exercises 1.0 2.0 3. 4. 5. He is no more a writer than a painter. Tom is no wiser than Bob. I regard him less as my teacher than as my friend. It is more than probable that he will fail. The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it. 他既不是画家，也不是作家。 汤姆并不比鲍勃聪明（他俩一样笨）。 与其说我把他看成老师，不如说我把他当作朋友。 他十有八九会失败。 与其说海洋把世界分隔开来，不如说海洋把世界连接起来。 Translation 6. 0 7. 8. 9. 10. John is more modest than he is prudent. This course is as important as it is difficult for the students. This room is no darker than that one. That was more than the workers could stand. He is more of a scholar than his brother. 与其说约翰谨慎，不如说他谦虚。 这门课程对于学生来说既重要又难学。 这间屋与那间屋一样明亮。 那不是工人们所能忍受的。 他比他兄弟更有学者风度。 Translation Thank you! $$