精品解析：2025届上海市华东师范大学第二附属中学高三下学期三模英语试题

华东师大二附中2025届高三英语测试 (2025. 5) (考试时间：105分钟 卷面满分：115分) I. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given ward; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Concerns Regarding Deep-Sea Tourism The depths of the oceans, with their charming mysteries, continue to capture the human imagination. For many, deep-sea tourism provides an opportunity to have a thrilling adventure unlike any ____1____ With greater commercial access, deep-sea tourism ____2____ (move) from an upper-class activity to a more accessible venture over the past few years. Various underwater adventures are now available. Luxury operations such as “Lovers Deep,” a St Lucia submarine hotel, cost $300,000 a night. Other, ____3____ (price-friendly), encounters are the Maldives submarine experience where tourists pay $1,500 for an hour-long dive. Despite the industry’s expansion, safety is an important issue. On March 27, a tourist submarine sank off the Egyptian Red Sea city of Hurghada. The sub was said ____4____ (experience) mechanical failure prior to sinking. The accident occurred more than a year after the OccanGate Titan submersible (潜水器) explosion on a dive to the Titanic wreck site. Safety concerns point to a lack of regulatory oversight. Submarines and submersibles sail without uniform international regulations, with safety practices ____5____ (leave) mostly in the hands of private operators. Certified submersibles undergo close inspections by independent organizations. These inspections cover the vessel's structure, life-support systems, and mechanical integrity. The need for third-party inspection ____6____ not be overstated. However, OceanGate’s Titan submersible notably avoided this process, claiming certification would slow down innovation. Certified submarines are generally safe, but any form of extreme underwater exploration involves certain risks. If something goes wrong, rescue operations for deep-sea vessels are complex and time-sensitive. Most tourist submarines operate at depths ____7____ divers or other submarines can assist in emergencies. However, vessels like the Titan, which dove to 12,500 feet, exceed most rescue capabilities. Typical tour submarines don’t dive ____8____ 150 feet. At that depth, scuba divers can help if needed. But the deeper you go, the more difficult and slower a rescue becomes. ____9____ submarines operate also impacts rescues. In places such as Antarctica or the mid-Atlantic, conditions and logistical obstacles hinder quick rescue. In spite of recent tragedies, international regulation of deep-sea tourism is still low and governments do not usually regulate businesses _____10_____ there are repeated failures. Hopefully, high-profile accidents like OceanGate’s explosion or the sinking of Hurghada might alter that. 【答案】1. other 2. has moved 3. more price-friendly 4. to have experienced 5. left 6. can 7. where 8. below 9. Where 10. unless 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要探讨深海旅游的现状、发展趋势及安全隐患，指出其从上层活动转向更普及的同时，存在监管缺失问题，事故频发凸显第三方检查必要性，且深海救援难度随深度和区域条件增加，呼吁加强国际监管。 【1题详解】 考查代词。句意：对许多人来说，深海旅游提供了一次激动人心的冒险机会，这是任何其他活动都无法比拟的。此处指代前面的“a thrilling adventure”，any other表示“任何其他的”，符合语境。故填other。 【2题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：随着商业渠道的扩大，在过去的几年里，深海旅游已经从一种上层阶级的活动转变为一种更容易接触到的冒险。根据时间状语“over the past few years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，主语“deep-sea tourism”是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has moved。 【3题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：其他价格更友好的体验是马尔代夫的潜水体验，游客只需支付1,500美元就可以进行一小时的潜水。根据句意可知，此处表示“价格更友好的，更实惠的”，应用形容词比较级more price-friendly。故填more price-friendly。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：据说这艘潜艇在沉没前出现了机械故障。be said to do sth.是固定用法，意为“据说做某事”，且“experience”这一动作发生在“said”之前，应用不定式的完成式。故填to have experienced。 【5题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：潜艇和潜水器在没有统一的国际法规的情况下航行，安全措施主要由私人运营商负责。此处是with复合结构，即“with+宾语+宾语补足语”，“safety practices”和“leave”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填left。 【6题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：第三方检查的必要性怎么强调都不为过。情态动词can表示“必要性”时，与not连用，意为“怎么强调都不为过”。故填can。 【7题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：大多数旅游潜艇在潜水员或其他潜艇无法在紧急情况下提供帮助的深度作业。此处为定语从句，先行词是“depths”，在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【8题详解】 考查介词。句意：典型的观光潜艇潜水深度不会超过150英尺。根据句意可知，此处表示“水下150英尺”，应用介词below。故填below。 【9题详解】 考查名词性从句。句意：潜艇的作业地点也会影响救援。此处为主语从句，从句中缺少地点状语，应用where引导，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Where。 【10题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：尽管近期发生了多起悲剧，但深海旅游的国际监管力度仍然很低；除非事故频发，否则政府通常不会对企业进行监管。根据句意可知，此处表示“只有当事故反复发生时，政府才会监管。”，应用unless引导条件状语从句，表 “如果不…… 就不……”。故填unless。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. complex B. form C. handful D. largely E. occasionally F. preferred G. resistant H. survived I. sensitive J. sporting K. suggesting Thermae Romae (罗马浴场) When considering the legacy of ancient Rome, most scholars focus on the gladiatorial (角斗) games and republican institutions. Often ignored are Rome’s countless baths. Although ____11____ abandoned by the Western world today, public bathing was a cornerstone of Roman civilization. The baths even ____12____ the fall of Rome itself, continuing to operate into the Early Middle Ages. But what was it about these places that made them so ____13____ to historical change? As it turns out, there’s a lot more to them than rest and relaxation. The oldest of the Thermae Romae dates to the 2nd century BC, and they increased in both size and numbers as time went on. In 33 BC, the number of baths in the Eternal City alone had risen from a(n) ____14____ to more than 170. By the early 5th century AD, that quantity had climbed to an astonishing 856. Though many baths prioritized ____15____ over function, the most impressive of them were architectural wonders. The greatest of the greatest, the Terme di Caracalla, rivals the Forum and Pantheon in scale. Spanning 11 hectares and decorated with mosaics and statues, the ____16____ seems to have been capable of accommodating as many as 2,500 guests. Roman baths were also marvels of engineering. Water, carried over by channels, was heated before being poured into various pools. Versatility was the name of the game, with even the smallest public baths ____17____ at least three different pools: a warm pool; a hot pool; and, finally, a cold pool. Medium-sized thermae also featured steam rooms, similar to saunas. The biggest thermae went even further, offering outdoor courtyards where people could socialize or exercise, as well as gardens and libraries. While the ____18____ sports varied from one Italian region to another, common activities included boxing, wrestling, discus throwing, and weightlifting. Besides evidence from written sources, archaeological evidence can give us an even clearer picture of what went on inside these places. The evidence includes not only the remains of the baths themselves, but also the objects that researchers have been able to recover from their ____19____ undamaged drainage systems. Archacologists recovered nail cleaners, needles, and food remains, ____20____ some baths may have been fitted with medical facilities, textile workshops, and food stands. 【答案】11. D 12. H 13. G 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. J 18. F 19. E 20. K 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了罗马浴场的历史、规模、构造、功能及相关证据。 【11题详解】 考查副词。句意：尽管如今西方世界大体上已废弃公共浴场，但公共沐浴曾是罗马文明的基石。本空修饰动词abandoned，用副词，根据上文的“Often ignored are Rome’s countless baths.”可知，罗马无数的浴场常常被忽视，由此可知，此处表示“大体上”，用largely符合语境。故选D。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：浴场甚至在罗马帝国灭亡后仍存在，一直运营到中世纪早期。本空作谓语，根据下文的“continuing to operate into the Early Middle Ages”可知，此处表示“幸存，继续存在”符合语境，陈述过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以此处使用survived。故选H。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但这些地方为何如此能抵御历史变迁？本空作宾补，根据上文的“continuing to operate into the Early Middle Ages”可知，浴场一直运营到中世纪早期此处，由此可推测，此处表示“对……有抵抗力的”符合语境，用resistant作宾补，be resistant to“抵抗……”。故选G。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：公元前33年，仅在这座永恒之城，浴场数量就从少数增加到170多个。本空作from的宾语，根据下文的“to more than 170.”可知，此处描述的是浴场数量上的变化，由此可知，此处表示“少量”，用handful“少数”符合语境。故选C。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管许多浴场优先考虑形式而非功能，但其中最令人印象深刻的是建筑奇观。本空作prioritized的宾语，与function（功能）相对，所以此处用form表示“形式”符合语境。故选B。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：这座建筑群占地11公顷，装饰着马赛克和雕像，似乎能够容纳多达2500名客人。本空为名词作主语，根据下文的“seems to have been capable of accommodating as many as 2,500 guests”可知，看起来能容纳多达2500名客人，由此可知，此处表示“建筑群”为名词complex作主语，符合语境。故选A。 【17题详解】 考查动词。句意：多功能性是关键，即使是最小的公共浴场也设有至少三种不同的泳池：温水池、热水池，以及冷水池。本空为非谓语动词作定语，根据下文的“at least three different pools”可知，此处表示“展示，设有”符合语境，所以此处使用sport表示“展示，设有”，与public baths之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。故选J。 【18题详解】 考查形容词。句意：尽管不同意大利地区偏好的运动各不相同，但常见的活动包括拳击、摔跤、掷铁饼和举重。本空作定语修饰sports，根据下文的“varied from one Italian region to another, common activities included boxing, wrestling, discus throwing, and weightlifting.”可知，常见的活动包括拳击、摔跤、掷铁饼和举重，由此可知，此处表示“更受喜爱的”运动，应使用preferred意为“优先的，偏好的”。故选F。 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：这些证据不仅包括浴场本身的遗迹，还包括研究人员从偶尔未受损的排水系统中能够回收的物品。本空修饰形容词undamaged，用副词形式，结合语境可知，此处表示“偶尔地”为副词occasionally，表示排水系统未受损的情况。故选E。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：考古学家发现了指甲清洁器、针和食物残渣，表明一些浴场可能配备了医疗设施、纺织作坊和食品摊。本空为非谓语动词作状语，结合上文的“Archacologists recovered nail cleaners, needles, and food remains”以及下文的“some baths may have been fitted with medical facilities, textile workshops, and food stands.”可知，下文应是上文考古发现的结果，所以此处表示“表明”应为suggesting符合语境。故选K。 II. Reading Comprehension (45%) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Feeling unproductive even after working all day? Do you ever feel guilty for relaxing, even after you’ve worked hard all day? Do you feel like you should be doing more despite working full hours and nearing burnout? You may be experiencing productivity dysmorphia. Although not a scientific term, it’s a helpful way to describe the feeling of ____21____ to recognize your accomplishments and wanting to continue doing more, even when you’re completely drained. It’s the pursuit of productivity that motivates you to do more while ____22____ you of the ability to enjoy any success along the way. Productivity dysmorphia may look like working ____23____ on the weekends because you think you should be doing more, even though you did more than your share of work throughout the week. It could look like feeling ashamed of yourself when watching a movie or hanging out with friends because it feels like you’re ____24____ time that you could have spent working. Highly competitive, work-oriented cultures ____25____ this constant pursuit of productivity that affects other areas of life. ____26____, you’re often praised for putting productivity above your well-being. Remember how schools rewarded perfect attendance? ____27____, companies prefer employees who get the maximum work done while taking the fewest possible breaks. ____28____ like these stress that rest is bad and that being constantly at work is the right thing to do. Sometimes called “____29____ capitalism,” this mindset pushes people to force their minds and bodies to work even though they’re ____30____. The problem isn’t that the boss tells them to do it, but rather the social pressure to find self-worth in work achievements encourages people to dedicate their free time to extra work, ____31____ the family dinners to cat in front of a computer, and take work devices on vacations so they can wrap up a project on the plane. There’s a difference between enjoying work, working a lot, and feeling compelled to work ____32____ whether you enjoy it. Popular quotes like “if you do what you love, you don’t work a single day in life” may normalize overworking under the assumption that if you’re ____33____ about something, you won’t ever get tired. As people place more and more importance on work, it becomes harder to justify something if it doesn’t lead to productivity. Some writers have even begun describing rest as ____34____, as if people should stop relaxing if it doesn’t improve performance in some way. Not only does this mindset make it difficult to view and celebrate your achievements, but it also pushes you to build your entire life around work. The only milestones that mater are achieving work goals. The worst part? There’s no sense of ____35____ when you reach these goals. 21. A. hesitating B. learning C. agreeing D. failing 22. A. assuring B. convincing C. robbing D. accusing 23. A. alone B. extra C. later D. reluctantly 24. A. finding B. investing C. wasting D. saving 25. A. discourage B. evolve C. normalize D. criticize 26. A. In fact B. In other words C. On the contrary D. By comparison 27. A. Reversely B. Consequently C. Alternatively D. Similarly 28. A. Shares B. Breaks C. Habits D. Rewards 29. A. internalized B. rejected C. civilized D. classified 30. A. standing out B. breaking down C. catching up D. showing off 31. A. take B. enjoy C. skip D. extend 32. A. irrespective of B. associated with C. as a result of D. in spite of 33. A. particular B. passionate C. pessimistic D. curious 34. A. essential B. desirable C. productive D. imaginary 35. A. humor B. fulfillment C. timing D. justice 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. C 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章围绕“生产力畸形”这一概念展开，批判过度追求工作效率、忽视休息与生活的社会心态。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这不是一个科学术语，但它是描述一种感觉的有用方式，即未能认可自己的成就，并且即使在完全筋疲力尽时仍想继续做更多事情。A. hesitating犹豫；B. learning学习；C. agreeing同意；D. failing未能。根据下文“wanting to continue doing more, even when you’re completely drained”可知，此处指未能认可自己的成就从而想继续做更多的事情，fail to do sth. ，表示“未能做某事”，符合语境。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是对生产力的追求，促使你做更多事情，同时剥夺了你享受沿途任何成功的能力。A. assuring确保；B. convincing使信服；C. robbing剥夺；D. accusing指责。根据上文“the pursuit of productivity that motivates you to do more”以及下文“the ability to enjoy any success along the way”的对比可知，这里指过度追求生产力会剥夺享受成功的能力，rob sb. of sth. ，表“抢劫某人某物”，为固定搭配，符合语境。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：生产力畸形可能表现为周末额外工作，因为你认为自己应该做更多，尽管你在整个星期已经完成了超过自己份额的工作。A. alone独自；B. extra额外；C. later后来；D. reluctantly不情愿地。根据下文“even though you did more than your share of work throughout the week”可知，此处指做完分内的工作还要周末额外工作。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它可能表现为看电影或和朋友出去玩时感到羞愧，因为感觉你在浪费本可以用来工作的时间。A. finding找到；B. investing投资；C. wasting浪费；D. saving节省。根据上文“feeling ashamed of yourself when watching a movie or hanging out with friends”可知，这种心态认为休闲是浪费时间。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：高度竞争、以工作为导向的文化使这种对生产力的持续追求正常化，从而影响生活的其他领域。A. discourage阻止；B. evolve进化；C. normalize使正常化；D. criticize批评。根据下文“you’re often praised for putting productivity above your well-being”可知，这种文化让过度追求生产力变得正常化。故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：事实上，你常常因将生产力置于幸福之上而受到赞扬。A. In fact事实上；B. In other words换句话说；C. On the contrary相反；D. By comparison相比之下。分析句子可知，此处是对前一句“Highly competitive, work-oriented cultures normalize this constant pursuit”的进一步强调，用“事实上”符合语境。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：类似地，公司更喜欢那些完成最多工作且休息最少的员工。A. Reversely相反地；B. Consequently因此；C. Alternatively或者；D. Similarly类似地。根据上文“schools rewarded perfect attendance”以及语境可知，前文提到“学校奖励全勤”，此处“公司偏好工作最多的员工”是类似的情况，用Similarly表示类比。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：像这样的奖励强调休息是不好的，持续工作是正确的事情。A. Shares分享；B. Breaks休息；C. Habits习惯；D. Rewards奖励。根据上文“schools rewarded perfect attendance”和“companies prefer employees who get the maximum work done”可知，此处指学校和公司的奖励机制。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种心态有时被称为“内化资本主义”，它迫使人们即使在身心崩溃时也强迫自己工作。A. internalized内化的；B. rejected拒绝的；C. civilized文明的；D. classified分类的。根据下文“the social pressure to find self-worth in work achievements”可知，这里指这种将工作价值内化的心态被称为“内化资本主义”。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这种心态有时被称为“内化资本主义”，它迫使人们即使在身心崩溃时也强迫自己工作。A. standing out突出；B. breaking down崩溃；C. catching up赶上；D. showing off炫耀。根据上文“force their minds and bodies to work even though”可知，此处指即使身心崩溃也继续工作。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：问题不在于老板让他们这样做，而是在工作成就中寻找自我价值的社会压力鼓励人们将空闲时间用于额外工作，不参加家庭晚餐去电脑前吃饭，并在假期携带工作设备以便在飞机上完成项目。A. take拿走；B. enjoy享受；C. skip跳过，不参加；D. extend延长。根据上文“dedicate their free time to extra work”可知，此处指过度忙于工作从而不参加家庭晚餐。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：享受工作、大量工作和感觉被迫工作之间是有区别的，不管你是否喜欢。A. irrespective of不管；B. associated with与……相关；C. as a result of由于；D. in spite of尽管。根据上文“feeling compelled to work”可知，此处指不管是否喜欢都被迫工作。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像“如果你做你喜欢的事，一生中就不会觉得在工作”这样的流行名言，可能会在假设如果你对某件事充满热情，就永远不会累的情况下，让过度工作正常化。A. particular特别的；B. passionate热情的；C. pessimistic悲观的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文“if you do what you love”可知，此处指对某事 “充满热情”，与前文“做你所爱的”对应。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些作家甚至开始将休息描述为富有成效的，好像如果休息不能以某种方式提高表现，人们就应该停止放松。A. essential必要的；B. desirable可取的；C. productive富有成效的；D. imaginary想象的。根据下文“as if people should stop relaxing if it doesn’t improve performance”可知，这种错误观念将休息视为“有成效的”（即如果工作“没有成效”就不该休息）。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最糟糕的是？当你达到这些目标时，没有成就感。A. humor幽默；B. fulfillment满足，成就感；C. timing时机；D. justice正义。根据上文“there’s no sense of”以及“when you reach these goals”可知，这里指过度追求工作目标会导致达成后缺乏成就感。故选B项。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Some famous novels show that being the side character can give us access to deeper truths and a richer appreciation of the human condition than those too busy propelling the story forward. Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle “He possesses two out of the three qualities necessary for the ideal detective. He has the power of observation and that of deduction. He is only wanting in knowledge.” There is little doubt that Sherlock Holmes is the most famous detective in literature. Arthur Conan Doyle’s stories now exist in over 70 languages, and Holmes is the most portrayed literary character in film and television history. As a detective, Holmes often takes the lead in solving mysteries, but the story is told from the perspective of Dr. John H. Watson, Holmes’s loyal friend and companion. There are many advantages to this. First, Holmes is odd and tends to focus on minor details. Telling a short story from his perspective would make it anything but short. Dr. Watson translates Holmes’s oddity into something less tiring for the reader. On a literary level, having the story told by the companion helps keep the reader in suspense. If we had access to everything Holmes knew, the game would be over before it was happening. By seeing the Victorian world through Watson’s eyes, not only are we provided a picture that non-detectives can comprehend, but we get to enjoy Sherlock’s exciting adventures spoiler-free. The Great Gatsby by E. Scot Fitzgerald “Yet high over the city, our line of yellow windows must have contributed their share of human secrecy to the casual watcher in the darkening streets, and I was him too, looking up and wondering. I was within and without, simultaneously enchanted and repelled by the inexhaustible variety of life.” F. Scott Fitzgerald’s best-known work is a meditation on class in the supposedly egalitarian (平等主义) United States, the excesses of the 1920s, and how horrible it can be when the American Dream comes true. The story is told from the perspective of Nick Carraway, a young man who has moved to Long Island in hopes of becoming a stockbroker and cashing in on the 1920s boom. As the title suggests, the real hero of the story is his mysterious neighbor, Jay Gatsby. The difficulty of the story centers on Gatsby’s attempts to pursue Nick’s married cousin Daisy, his dreams of reliving the past, and his efforts to climb into the upper-class of American society. Nick, who is an unreliable narrator, is present for many of the main events in the story. However, as hinted at in the above quote, he considers himself an observer rather than a driver of those events. This allows us to get an outside view of the situation from somebody who admits he doesn’t entirely fit into the world he’s participating in while still being an intimate companion of those who do. The resulting commentary on the life of the American upper crust (症结) has been debated for a century. 36. If written from the perspective of Sherlock Holmes instead of Dr. John Watson, the book Sherlock Holmes would be ________. A. short and to the point B. incomprehensible and long C. full of spoiler and suspense D. interesting but too professional 37. What can be inferred from The Great Gatsby written by F. Scott Fitzgerald? A. Nick Carraway is not just as observer but a driver of the story events. B. The real mysterious hero behind the title of the novel is Nick Garraway. C. Readers will know more about the American upper class from the perspective of Jay Gatsby. D. The unreliable narrator prevents the reader from grasping the harms of pursuing the American Dream. 38. Quotes from Sherlock Holmes and The Great Gatsby given below the title respectively in order to ________. A. stick to the traditional pattern of a famous novel B. indicate the side character’s role as the narrator C. remind readers of the theme and plot of the novels D. explain the main character’s neglect of deep truths 39. What’s the message the author of the passage wants to convey through the two books mentioned? A. Classical novels must have quotes that have enduring power among readers. B. Stories told from the most important character’s perspective are still the mainstream. C. Individual, or historical eras can be deeply explored from a unique sideline perspective. D. Side characters in novels are usually dismissed as unimportant and can’t get their name in the title. 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. B 39. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要探讨文学作品中配角视角的价值，以《福尔摩斯》和《了不起的盖茨比》为例说明其能揭示更深层的人性真相。 【36题详解】 推理判断题。根据Sherlock Holmes部分第五段中的“First, Holmes is odd and tends to focus on minor details. Telling a short story from his perspective would make it anything but short. Dr. Watson translates Holmes’s oddity into something less tiring for the reader.(首先，福尔摩斯性格古怪，倾向于关注细节。从他的视角讲述一个短篇故事只会让故事变得冗长。华生医生将福尔摩斯的古怪之处转化为让读者不那么疲惫的内容)”及第六段“If we had access to everything Holmes knew, the game would be over before it was happening.(如果我们能知道福尔摩斯所知的一切，故事的悬念将荡然无存)”可知，若以福尔摩斯为叙事视角，故事可能因细节堆砌而冗长，且缺乏悬念（充满剧透）。故选B项。 【37题详解】 推理判断题。根据The Great Gatsby部分倒数第二段中的“ Nick, who is an unreliable narrator, is present for many of the main events in the story. However, as hinted at in the above quote, he considers himself an observer rather than a driver of those events.(尼克是一个不可靠的叙述者，在故事中的许多主要事件中都出现了。然而，正如上面引用的暗示，他认为自己是一个观察者，而不是这些事件的驱动者)”可知，Nick Garraway在故事中的很多主要事件中都出现了。结合尾段中的“This allows us to get an outside view of the situation from somebody who admits he doesn’t entirely fit into the world he’s participating in while still being an intimate companion of those who do.(这使我们能够从一个人那里获得对局势的外部视角 —— 这个人承认自己并不完全融入他所参与的世界，但同时仍是那些真正融入其中的人的亲密伙伴)由此推测，他不仅仅是观察者，同时也是故事事件的驱动者。故选A项。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sherlock Holmes 部分的第三段中的“As a detective, Holmes often takes the lead in solving mysteries, but the story is told from the perspective of Dr. John H. Watson, Holmes’s loyal friend and companion.(作为一名侦探，福尔摩斯常常在解开谜团的过程中起主导作用，但故事却是从他的忠实朋友兼同伴约翰・H・华生医生的视角来讲述的)”以及The Great Gatsby by E. Scot Fitzgerald部分中的第二段中的“The story is told from the perspective of Nick Carraway, a young man who has moved to Long Island in hopes of becoming a stockbroker and cashing in on the 1920s boom.(这个故事是从尼克・卡拉威的视角来讲述的。他是一个搬到长岛的年轻人，希望成为股票经纪人，并在 20 世纪 20 年代的经济繁荣中获利)”可知，文中引用两段话分别对应配角（华生和尼克）的叙述视角。Sherlock Holmes的引用体现华生对福尔摩斯的观察评价，The Great Gatsby的引用通过尼克的内心独白展现其“既融入又疏离”的旁观者身份，两段引用均旨在表明配角作为叙述者的角色特点。故选B项。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据首段中的“Some famous novels show that being the side character can give us access to deeper truths and a richer appreciation of the human condition than those too busy propelling the story forward.(一些著名小说表明，相较于那些忙于推动故事发展的主角，作为配角反而能让我们触及更深刻的真相，并对人性有更丰富的认知)”可知，首段点明“配角视角比主角更能揭示深层人性”，随后以两部小说为例，说明通过配角的旁观视角可深入探讨时代背景与人性本质，选项C“从独特的旁观者视角可深入探索个人或历史时代”最能概括作者观点。故选C项。 (B) Faced with multiple transformational changes-the impact of automation on job roles, remote and hybrid working conditions, and increasing labor shortages, to name a few-what can organizations do to thrive, not just survive? Crafting an upskilling strategy that prepares today’s workforce for tomorrow’s opportunities is a step in the right direction. For ideas of how to put this into practice, we can look to a few companies that have successfully developed upskilling programs, including Amazon, Salesforce, and PwC. Amazon-Upskilling 2025 Amazon’s upskilling program offers job assistance and tuition-free training that employees complete during their workday. Through Upskilling 2025, employees can participate in a variety of opportunities, including: Machine Learning University (MLU): Taught by Amazon’s own, this program is on track to train thousands of employees in machine learning skills. It requires a time commitment of four to eight hours per week, for each six-week module. A2Tech: Fulfillment center employees can complete this 90-day program to develop IT support technician skills and eventually, complete the A+ certification test. AWS Training and Certification: To address the cloud skills shortage, Amazon offers free AWS training and discounted certification exams. Classes are offered in-person and online. Amazon Technical Academy: Designed for employees in non-technical roles, this program seeks to move employees into software engineering professions through hybrid instruction, project-based activities, and real-world application. PwC - New World. New Skills. Over the next several years, PWC plans to invest $3-billion in upskilling. As part of its “New World. New Skills” initiative, the company offers in-person, digital upskilling programs where participants learn how to use tools from automation to robotics. The Virtual Digital Academy lasts from one to two days and is offered at both standard and advanced levels. To upskill their 50,000 U.S.-based employees, PwC also created the Digital Fitness app with training tools for a variety of in-demand topics such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and augmented reality. Through the app, which is now available to the public, employees and others can earn micro-degrees and certifications. Salesforce-Trailhead Salesforce predicts it will create over four million jobs by 2026. To prepare current and prospective employees to fill these roles, the company invites its workforce and external learners to “skill up for the future” through its digital upskilling program, Trailhead. Through the online platform, learners can develop in-demand skills and earn credentials. To begin, participants select a career path (such as developer or data analyst) and then complete the “trail” for that career. Trails include eLearning modules and projects that help learners upskill for a new role. Alternatively, participants can create a custom “trailmix,” pulling learning components from various trails to form a personalized learning plan. Along their learning journeys participants earn badges and certifications to showcase on their resumes. 40. Based on the article, which of the following best defines the term “upskilling”? A. Replacing employees with automation tools to reduce labor costs B. Providing short-term training for employees to adapt to their current roles. C. Cultivating employee capabilities to meet current and future hiring needs. D. Encouraging self-directed learning without structured programs or certifications. 41. Suppose you recently left a non-technical role at a tech company but haven’t made a clear career plan. Which of the following upskilling programs would be most suitable for you? A. Amazon-A2Tech B. Amazon-Amazon Technical Academy C. PwC-Digital Fitness app D. Salesforce-Trailhead 42. What can be inferred about the practice of opening upskilling programs to external learners? A. Companies hope to cultivate a talent pool and address skill gaps. B. Training programs needn’t consider external learners’ working schedules. C. Remote and hybrid working conditions make large-scale training possible. D. Having more participants means reducing the tuition cost for every trainer. 【答案】40. C 41. B 42. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍亚马逊、普华永道和Salesforce的员工技能提升计划。 【40题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Crafting an upskilling strategy that prepares today’s workforce for tomorrow’s opportunities is a step in the right direction. (制定一项upskilling战略，让今天的员工为明天的机会做好准备，这是朝着正确方向迈出的一步)”可知，upskilling指的是培养员工能力以满足当前和未来的招聘需求，选项C“Cultivating employee capabilities to meet current and future hiring needs. (培养员工能力以满足当前和未来的招聘需求)”符合题意。故选C。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据Amazon Technical Academy:部分中“Designed for employees in non-technical roles, this program seeks to move employees into software engineering professions through hybrid instruction, project-based activities, and real-world application. (该项目专为非技术岗位的员工设计，旨在通过混合式教学、基于项目的活动和实际应用，将员工引入软件工程专业)”可知，如果你最近从一家科技公司的非技术岗位离职，但还没有明确的职业规划，Amazon Technical Academy这个项目最适合。故选B。 【42题详解】 推理判断题。根据Salesforce-Trailhead部分中“Salesforce predicts it will create over four million jobs by 2026. To prepare current and prospective employees to fill these roles, the company invites its workforce and external learners to “skill up for the future” through its digital upskilling program, Trailhead. (Salesforce预测，到2026年，它将创造超过400万个就业岗位。为了让现有员工和潜在员工能够胜任这些职位，该公司邀请其员工和外部学习者通过其数字技能提升计划Trailhead“为未来提升技能”)”可推知，公司向外部学习者开放技能提升计划，是希望培养人才库并解决技能差距问题。故选A。 (C) Like millions of Americans, I am dyslexic (诵读困难者). I can’t remember which side is my right and which is my left. I know this makes no sense. After all, I have no problem telling the difference between other things. I know up from down. I know black from white. I know forks from spoons. And yet, I do not know left from right. My brain is not wired that way. This is true for many dyslexics, and I suspect multimodal large language models (MLLMs) may be dyslexic too. As a kid with dyslexia, school was very hard for me. For example, we humans created two lowercase letters in the English alphabet — “b” and “d” — that are only different because one points left and one points right. For decades, I could not tell the difference. This is a very common problem among dyslexics. The same is true for telling time on traditional clock faces — it only makes sense if you know the difference between clockwise and counterclockwise. These challenges don't end in elementary school. I still remember getting a problem wrong in a physics class at Stanford because I applied the “right-hand rule” with my left hand. Dyslexia has nothing to do with focus or intelligence — your brain just works differently from the people who created the cultural conventions we use in symbolic languages, mathematics, and many branches of science. I surely know what’s going on. It all relates to the “mind’s eye.” By this, I mean the way I visualize things inside my mind and store spatial elements in memory. When I recall things in my mind (objects, environments, images, or text), I don’t visualize them from a fixed first-person perspective. I think about them from all directions at once, more as a vague cloud of perspectives than a single, grounded orientation. This brings me back to multimodal large language models that process and interpret images and videos. These models are remarkable. They can match or exceed human performance on countless tasks, for example, diagnosing cancers from visual slides better than any human. And yet, a recent study found a surprising result: All major MLLMs currently struggle to tell time on analog clocks. According to the study, GPT-4.0 was only able to correctly read clock faces 8% of the time. Claude-3-5-sonnet was worse at 6%. Gemini 2.0 was the best, but still at only 20%. These numbers are surprisingly low, especially when you consider that these AI models can perform so well in other contexts. This is surprisingly similar to dyslexia in humans, not just in the simple artifacts that cause problems likes clocks, but in the contradictory mix of strengths and weaknesses that enables a person like me to earn a PhD and work successfully as a computer scientist and engineer, and yet still fail the “turn left here” test. 43. The phrase “mind’s eye” (paragraph 4) refers to ________. A. Literal visual perception through biological eyes B. A medical device used to treat dyslexia C. The brain’s ability to form and store mental images D. A metaphor for intelligence quotient (IQ) 44. Why do multimodal language models (MLLMs) struggle to read analog clocks accurately, according to the passage? A. Their cognitive process of spatial information is similar to that of dyslexic humans. B. They were primarily trained on digital clocks, leaving analog clock recognition underdeveloped. C. Clock faces require understanding of cultural conventions, which AI lacks compared to humans. D. Their visual recognition systems focus more on object detection like cancer diagnosis than directional interpretation. 45. Why does the author emphasize that he failed a physics task due to left-right confusion yet ultimately earned a PhD? A. To argue that universities should relax academic standards for dyslexic students B. To suggest AI could compensate for human cognitive limitations in scientific research. C. To demonstrate that physics is uniquely difficult for people with spatial processing differences. D. To highlight that dyslexia's challenges are specific rather than reflective of overall intellectual ability. 46. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. The Complete Guide to Dyslexia Treatments B. When Machines Mirror Human Learning Disabilities C. Are Large Language Models Dyslexic? D. Why Schools Must Adapt to Dyslexic Students 【答案】43. C 44. A 45. D 46. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者结合自身诵读困难（dyslexia）经历，探讨多模态大语言模型（MLLMs）在读取模拟时钟时间等任务上的表现，发现其与诵读困难者在认知特点上有相似性，即存在特定任务困难但不代表整体能力不行。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段划线词后的“By this, I mean the way I visualize things inside my mind and store spatial elements in memory. When I recall things in my mind (objects, environments, images, or text), I don’t visualize them from a fixed first-person perspective. I think about them from all directions at once, more as a vague cloud of perspectives than a single, grounded orientation. (我的意思是，我在脑海中想象事物的方式以及在记忆中存储空间元素的方式。当我在脑海中回忆事物（物体、环境、图像或文本）时，我不会从一个固定的第一人称视角来想象它们。我会同时从各个方向思考它们，更像是一个模糊的视角云，而不是一个单一的、固定的方向。)”可知，划线词“mind’s eye”指的是大脑形成和存储心理图像的能力。故选C项。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“These models are remarkable. They can match or exceed human performance on countless tasks, for example, diagnosing cancers from visual slides better than any human. And yet, a recent study found a surprising result: All major MLLMs currently struggle to tell time on analog clocks. (这些模型非常出色。它们在无数任务中可以与人类相媲美甚至超越人类，例如，从视觉幻灯片中诊断癌症比任何人类都要好。然而，最近的一项研究发现了令人惊讶的结果：目前所有主要的MLLMs都难以准确读取模拟时钟上的时间。)”以及最后一段中“This is surprisingly similar to dyslexia in humans, not just in the simple artifacts that cause problems likes clocks, but in the contradictory mix of strengths and weaknesses that enables a person like me to earn a PhD and work successfully as a computer scientist and engineer, and yet still fail the “turn left here” test. (这与人类的诵读困难惊人地相似，不仅在于像时钟这样导致问题的简单事物，还在于强项和弱项的矛盾组合，这种组合让我这样的人能够获得博士学位，并成功担任计算机科学家和工程师，但仍然无法通过“在这里左转”的测试。)”可知，多模态语言模型（MLLMs）在读取模拟时钟时存在困难，这与诵读困难者在处理某些空间信息时的困难相似，由此可推知，MLLMs在处理空间信息时的认知过程与诵读困难者相似。故选A项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Dyslexia has nothing to do with focus or intelligence — your brain just works differently from the people who created the cultural conventions we use in symbolic languages, mathematics, and many branches of science. (诵读困难与注意力或智力无关 —— 你的大脑只是与创造我们在符号语言、数学和许多科学分支中使用的文化惯例的人的工作方式不同。)”以及最后一段中“This is surprisingly similar to dyslexia in humans, not just in the simple artifacts that cause problems likes clocks, but in the contradictory mix of strengths and weaknesses that enables a person like me to earn a PhD and work successfully as a computer scientist and engineer, and yet still fail the “turn left here” test. (这与人类的诵读困难惊人地相似，不仅在于像时钟这样导致问题的简单事物，还在于强项和弱项的矛盾组合，这种组合让我这样的人能够获得博士学位，并成功担任计算机科学家和工程师，但仍然无法通过“在这里左转”的测试。)”可知，作者强调自己因左右混淆而未能完成物理任务，但最终仍获得了博士学位，旨在说明诵读困难者的挑战是特定的，并不反映其整体智力水平。故选D项。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“I suspect multimodal large language models (MLLMs) may be dyslexic too. (我怀疑多模态大型语言模型（MLLMs）可能也有诵读困难。)”可知，文章通过作者自身诵读困难（dyslexia）的经历，探讨了诵读困难者面临的挑战，并将这些挑战与多模态大型语言模型（MLLMs）在处理某些任务时遇到的困难进行了类比，指出MLLMs在处理空间信息方面可能表现出与诵读困难者相似的认知特征，所以C项“Are Large Language Models Dyslexic? (大型语言模型有诵读困难吗？)”适合作为文章标题。故选C项。 Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Hit by Natural Disasters The planet is at a climate crossroads. Natural disasters are increasing so much in frequency and intensity that even places once believed to be safe from the worst of what's to come-the cool, wet Pacific Northwest, for example-are experiencing greater effects from wildfire, storms, flooding, landslides and drought. These events severely harm local communities not just as the tragedy unfolds but long after it’s over. ____47____ Houston, which was devastated by Hurricane Harvey in 2017, bounced back more quickly than expected because its economy was split among a wide variety of industries, including health care, aerospace, shipping, manufacturing and technology. Those sectors that couldn’t immediately resume business were balanced out by those that could. “But when a community is dependent on a single industry, rebuilding can be much harder,” says Paloma Zapata, CEO of Sustainable Travel International, an organization working to help the global travel industry strengthen its climate resilience. Tourism destinations hit by natural disasters need visitors in order for local people and businesses to survive. But important questions underlie tourists’ return: Is restoring the tourism to its previous form the best future for a destination that’s been impacted by natural disaster? ____48____ The answer is complicated. “Typically, a destination that relies on tourism is not going to stop relying on tourism just because of a natural disaster,” says Zapata. ____49____ “In other words, there needs to be a balance between economic development, conservation, community well-being and the visitor experience,” she continues. ____50____ If visitors do not return, the entire tourism will collapse. Ironically, because tourism is a major driver of carbon emissions and human-caused climate change, restoring high numbers of visitors could also have a similarly negative impact on the community in the long run. Thus, it’s important for destinations to give serious thought to the kind of tourism they want back following a natural disaster. A. While economic diversification could help, the reality is that usually tourism-dependent economies don’t have a choice. B. Those with diverse economies can be somewhat quick in their recovery C. Lower visitor numbers continue to affect local businesses and the slow recovery has resulted in many people's relocation. D. Should the media create global impressions that these events are nothing short of disastrous for local communities? E. Would it be better for local communities and environments if a pre-disaster form of tourism never returned at all? F. But natural disasters can act as a turning point for overdeveloped places to re-evaluate the sustainability of their behavior. 【答案】47. B 48. E 49. F 50. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讨论了自然灾害对地方社区的影响，特别是在旅游业依赖的地区，以及如何在灾后恢复过程中平衡经济发展、环境保护、社区福祉和游客体验。 【47题详解】 根据上文“These events severely harm local communities not just as the tragedy unfolds but long after it’s over. (这些事件不仅在悲剧发生时对当地社区造成严重伤害，而且在悲剧结束后很长时间内仍然产生影响。)”以及下文“Houston, which was devastated by Hurricane Harvey in 2017, bounced back more quickly than expected because its economy was split among a wide variety of industries, including health care, aerospace, shipping, manufacturing and technology. (2017年遭受哈维飓风重创的休斯顿，其经济复苏速度比预期的要快，因为其经济分散在医疗保健、航空航天、航运、制造业和技术等多个行业。)”可知，此处应是在讨论经济多元化的地区在遭受自然灾害后恢复得更快。B选项“Those with diverse economies can be somewhat quick in their recovery (经济多元化的地区在恢复上可能会更快一些)”既承接了上文提到的自然灾害对当地社区的影响，又引出了下文休斯顿经济多元化的例子。故选B项。 【48题详解】 根据上文“But important questions underlie tourists’ return: Is restoring the tourism to its previous form the best future for a destination that’s been impacted by natural disaster? (但在游客回归的背后，存在着重要的问题：对于一个遭受自然灾害影响的旅游目的地来说，恢复其原有的旅游业形式是否是最好的未来？)”可知，此处应是在对上文问题进行进一步的思考，探讨是否应该恢复灾前的旅游业形式。E选项“Would it be better for local communities and environments if a pre-disaster form of tourism never returned at all? (如果灾前的旅游业形式永远不再恢复，对当地社区和环境来说会不会更好？)”是对上文问题的进一步延伸和思考。故选E项。 【49题详解】 根据上文““Typically, a destination that relies on tourism is not going to stop relying on tourism just because of a natural disaster,” says Zapata. (“通常情况下，一个依赖旅游业的旅游目的地不会仅仅因为一场自然灾害就停止依赖旅游业，”萨帕塔说。)”以及下文““In other words, there needs to be a balance between economic development, conservation, community well-being and the visitor experience,” she continues. (“换句话说，需要在经济发展、环境保护、社区福祉和游客体验之间取得平衡，”她继续说道。)”可知，此处应是在讨论尽管自然灾害发生，但依赖旅游业的地区通常还是会继续依赖旅游业，同时需要在多个方面取得平衡。F选项“But natural disasters can act as a turning point for overdeveloped places to re-evaluate the sustainability of their behavior. (但自然灾害可以成为过度开发地区重新评估其行为可持续性的转折点。)”既承接了上文的“不会仅仅因为一场自然灾害就停止依赖旅游业”，又引出了下文的“需要在经济发展、环境保护、社区福祉和游客体验之间取得平衡”。故选F项。 【50题详解】 根据下文“If visitors do not return, the entire tourism will collapse. Ironically, because tourism is a major driver of carbon emissions and human-caused climate change, restoring high numbers of visitors could also have a similarly negative impact on the community in the long run. (如果游客不回来，整个旅游业就会崩溃。具有讽刺意味的是，由于旅游业是碳排放和人为气候变化的主要驱动因素，从长远来看，恢复大量游客也可能对社区产生类似的负面影响。)”可知，此处应是在讨论自然灾害对旅游业的影响以及恢复旅游业可能带来的问题，同时指出这也可以成为一个重新评估旅游业可持续性的契机。A选项“While economic diversification could help, the reality is that usually tourism-dependent economies don’t have a choice. (虽然经济多元化可能有所帮助，但现实是，通常依赖旅游业的经济体别无选择。)”既提到了经济多样化的可能性，又指出了依赖旅游业的经济体在灾后重建中的现实困境，与下文内容相呼应。故选A项。 III. Summary Writing (10%) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. A Tennessee Couple Rescued a Kitten... It Turned Out to Be a Bobcat (山猫) Staff at True Rescue in Mount Juliet, Tennessee, have handled their fair share of kittens over the years. So all it took was one look at the head and paws of a kitten that was rushed to the animal shelter last week to tell that they were dealing with a case of mistaken identity. The seemingly distressed kitten found on the back deck of a Middle Tennessee couple’s home was actually a baby bobcat. Whoops! “We definitely knew it wasn’t a regular kitten,” Amy Simcik, founder and executive director of True Rescue, told McClatchy News. “It was very big-big head, big feet... wild and musky (麝香的) kind of smelling.” Simcik also noted the kitten’s distinctive fur and birdlike vocalizations. Unlike domestic kittens, bobcat kittens rarely meow. They also have very short tails. While the couple meant well, humans should avoid removing young wild animals from their environment. Doing so can prevent them from ever returning to the wild. “We always recommend people to search online for exactly what to do,” she told McClatchy. “Most of the time, the results will say to leave it. You’re endangering it far more trying to pull it out of that environment and care for it yourself than leaving it.” The baby bobcat, who was later named Pearl, was recently transferred from Walden’s Puddle to For Fox Sake Wildlife Rescue in Chattanooga, where she can interact with another bobkitten named Ruby. The two kittens will be raised as siblings before being released back into the wild. “Pearl is in great shape,” rescuers wrote in a Facebook update Sunday. “We’re thankful to True Rescue for bringing Pearl to Walden’s Puddle and to Walden’s Puddle for transferring her to us,” the post continues. “Both Pearl and Ruby have a much better chance at a happy, free life in the wild because they will be able to be together.” Good luck, little ladies! _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】A Tennessee couple mistakenly rescued a baby bobcat, thinking it was a domestic kitten. Animal shelter staff identified the wild animal by its features. Experts advise against removing wild animals from their habitats, as it can hinder their chances of survival. The bobcat, named Pearl, was transferred to a wildlife rescue to be raised with another bobkitten before release. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了田纳西州的一对夫妇误将一只小山猫当作小猫救起并送到动物收容所。工作人员很快发现这是一只山猫，并强调人们不应将野生幼崽从其生活环境中带走。这只被命名为Pearl的小山猫后来被转移到野生动物救助中心，将与另一只小山猫Ruby一起被抚养长大后放归野外。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①The seemingly distressed kitten found on the back deck of a Middle Tennessee couple’s home was actually a baby bobcat. ②We definitely knew it wasn’t a regular kitten. ③It was very big-big head, big feet... wild and musky (麝香的) kind of smelling. ④While the couple meant well, humans should avoid removing young wild animals from their environment. ⑤The baby bobcat, who was later named Pearl, was recently transferred from Walden’s Puddle to For Fox Sake Wildlife Rescue in Chattanooga, where she can interact with another bobkitten named Ruby. ⑥The two kittens will be raised as siblings before being released back into the wild. 2.缜密构思 将②③两个要点进行整合，⑤⑥两个要点进行重组 3.遣词造句 Animal shelter staff identified the wild animal by its features. The bobcat, named Pearl, was transferred to a wildlife rescue to be raised with another bobkitten before release. 【点睛】[高分句型1] A Tennessee couple mistakenly rescued a baby bobcat, thinking it was a domestic kitten.（运用了现在分词作状语，省略了that的宾语从句） [高分句型2] Experts advise against removing wild animals from their habitats, as it can hinder their chances of survival.（运用了as引导的原因状语从句） IV. Translation (15%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 死记硬背语法规则却不知如何在真实语境中灵活运用，有何意义? (point) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What’s the point of memorizing grammar rules by rote without knowing how to use them flexibly in real contexts? 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词和形容词。分析句子可知，这里时态可用一般现在时表客观情况，表示“有何意义”应用what’s the point of，为固定句型；表示“死记硬背语法规则”应用memorizing grammar rules by rote，为动名词短语作介词of后宾语，其中by rote，表“死记硬背”，为固定搭配；表示“不知如何在真实语境中灵活运用”应用without knowing how to use them flexibly in real contexts，为介词短语作状语，其中know后面为特殊疑问词+不定式结构作宾语，flexibly(灵活地)，为副词作状语，in real contexts(在真实语境中)，为介词短语作状语。故翻译为What’s the point of memorizing grammar rules by rote without knowing how to use them flexibly in real contexts? 53. 机器人与人类选手肩并肩冲过半程马拉松终点线，在那一瞬间，人们欢呼雀跃，庆祝这一象征科技进步的历史性突破。 (The instant) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The instant a robot and a human athlete crossed the half-marathon finish line side by side, people cheered and celebrated this historic breakthrough symbolizing technological progress. 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句和短语。发生在过去用一般过去时；引导时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”用the instant；表示“机器人与人类选手”用a robot and a human athlete，作主语；表示“冲过半程马拉松终点线”翻译为cross the half-marathon finish line；表示“肩并肩”为side by side；主句主语为people；表示“欢呼雀跃”为cheer；表示“庆祝”用celebrate；表示“历史性突破”为this historic breakthrough，表示“一象征科技进步”用现在分词短语symbolizing technological progress，作定语修饰breakthrough。故翻译为The instant a robot and a human athlete crossed the half-marathon finish line side by side, people cheered and celebrated this historic breakthrough symbolizing technological progress. 54. 尽管一起看电视剧这类被动活动轻松愉快，但若想维系友谊，深入交流的作用远胜于此。（as...as）（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although watching TV dramas together is as relaxing and pleasant as passive activities can be, having in-depth conversations is far more effective in maintaining friendships. 【解析】 【详解】考查让步状语从句和比较级。根据句意，该句使用一般现在时描述客观事实。“尽管一起看电视剧这类被动活动轻松愉快”为让步状语从句，使用although引导，从句主语为动名词短语watching TV dramas together，表示“一起看电视剧”；“轻松愉快”使用 as relaxing and pleasant as passive activities can be结构，其中 as...as passive activities can be 表示“像被动活动所能达到的那样……”；“但若想维系友谊，深入交流的作用远胜于此”为主句，主语为动名词短语having in-depth conversations，表示“进行深入交流”；“远胜于此”使用比较级 far more effective，其中 far 修饰比较，effective 后接介词短语in maintaining friendship表示“在维系友谊方面”。故翻译为Although watching TV dramas together is as relaxing and pleasant as passive activities can be, having in-depth conversations is far more effective in maintaining friendships. 55. 专家们在会议上提出建议，对许多国内企业而言，全球化扩张战略不仅意味着产品出口，更需要提供优质服务，从而实现更高效的跨行业整合。 (recommendation) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The experts put forward the recommendation at the meeting that for many domestic enterprises, the globalization expansion strategy not only means product export but also requires the provision of high-quality services, so as to achieve more efficient cross-industry integration. 【解析】 【详解】考查名词、动词短语、同位语从句和固定搭配。“专家们在会议上提出建议”是主句，主语“专家们”用the experts，谓语“提出”用动词短语put forward，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，宾语“建议”用名词recommendation，地点状语“在会议上”用介词短语at the meeting；“对许多国内企业而言，全球化扩张战略不仅意味着产品出口，更需要提供优质服务，从而实现更高效的跨行业整合”是对名词recommendation内容的说明，可处理为that引导同位语从句，在从句中，“对许多国内企业而言”用介词短语for many domestic enterprises，主语“全球化扩张战略”译为the globalization expansion strategy，谓语“意味着”用动词mean，宾语“产品出口”用product export，并列谓语“需要”用动词require，宾语“提供优质服务”译为the provision of high quality services，两个谓语部分用复合连词not only…but also…连接，且描述客观事实，谓语动词都用一般现在时态，“从而实现更高效的跨行业整合”作目的状语，译为so as to achieve more efficient cross industry integration。综上，全句译为：The experts put forward the recommendation at the meeting that for many domestic enterprises, the globalization expansion strategy not only means product export but also requires the provision of high-quality services, so as to achieve more efficient cross industry integration. V. Guided Writing (25%) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 城市公园不再是传统意义上的仅供老年人锻炼身体、社交聊天的场所。根据你最近的一次游园感受，写一份建议信给公园领导，提出一些切实可行的改进意见，从而充分利用公园的各项设施，为游客创造最佳的游园体验。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Dear Park Leaders, I recently enjoyed a visit to our city park, which now bustles with visitors of all ages. To optimize its use and enhance everyone’s experience, I suggest a few improvements. Firstly, introduce more engaging activities, such as nature walks with guides or weekend markets, to attract diverse groups. Secondly, enhance signage to help visitors navigate and discover hidden gems. Lastly, maintain facilities regularly, ensuring playgrounds are safe and picnic areas are clean. These steps will make our park a vibrant destination for all. Thank you for considering my suggestions. Yours faithfully, 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给公园领导写信，根据最近一次游园感受，提出一些切实可行的改进意见，以充分利用公园设施，为游客创造最佳的游园体验。 【详解】1.词汇积累 首先：firstly→to begin with 吸引：attract→draw in 发现：discover→find 确保：ensure→make sure 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I recently enjoyed a visit to our city park, which now bustles with visitors of all ages. 同义句：Recently, I had a delightful visit to our city park, which is now crowded with visitors from all age groups. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I recently enjoyed a visit to our city park, which now bustles with visitors of all ages. (运用了which引导非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Lastly, maintain facilities regularly, ensuring playgrounds are safe and picnic areas are clean. (运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 华东师大二附中2025届高三英语测试 (2025. 5) (考试时间：105分钟 卷面满分：115分) I. Grammar and Vocabulary (20%) Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given ward; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Concerns Regarding Deep-Sea Tourism The depths of the oceans, with their charming mysteries, continue to capture the human imagination. For many, deep-sea tourism provides an opportunity to have a thrilling adventure unlike any ____1____ With greater commercial access, deep-sea tourism ____2____ (move) from an upper-class activity to a more accessible venture over the past few years. Various underwater adventures are now available. Luxury operations such as “Lovers Deep,” a St Lucia submarine hotel, cost $300,000 a night. Other, ____3____ (price-friendly), encounters are the Maldives submarine experience where tourists pay $1,500 for an hour-long dive. Despite the industry’s expansion, safety is an important issue. On March 27, a tourist submarine sank off the Egyptian Red Sea city of Hurghada. The sub was said ____4____ (experience) mechanical failure prior to sinking. The accident occurred more than a year after the OccanGate Titan submersible (潜水器) explosion on a dive to the Titanic wreck site. Safety concerns point to a lack of regulatory oversight. Submarines and submersibles sail without uniform international regulations, with safety practices ____5____ (leave) mostly in the hands of private operators. Certified submersibles undergo close inspections by independent organizations. These inspections cover the vessel's structure, life-support systems, and mechanical integrity. The need for third-party inspection ____6____ not be overstated. However, OceanGate’s Titan submersible notably avoided this process, claiming certification would slow down innovation. Certified submarines are generally safe, but any form of extreme underwater exploration involves certain risks. If something goes wrong, rescue operations for deep-sea vessels are complex and time-sensitive. Most tourist submarines operate at depths ____7____ divers or other submarines can assist in emergencies. However, vessels like the Titan, which dove to 12,500 feet, exceed most rescue capabilities. Typical tour submarines don’t dive ____8____ 150 feet. At that depth, scuba divers can help if needed. But the deeper you go, the more difficult and slower a rescue becomes. ____9____ submarines operate also impacts rescues. In places such as Antarctica or the mid-Atlantic, conditions and logistical obstacles hinder quick rescue. In spite of recent tragedies, international regulation of deep-sea tourism is still low and governments do not usually regulate businesses _____10_____ there are repeated failures. Hopefully, high-profile accidents like OceanGate’s explosion or the sinking of Hurghada might alter that. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. complex B. form C. handful D. largely E. occasionally F. preferred G. resistant H. survived I. sensitive J. sporting K. suggesting Thermae Romae (罗马浴场) When considering the legacy of ancient Rome, most scholars focus on the gladiatorial (角斗) games and republican institutions. Often ignored are Rome’s countless baths. Although ____11____ abandoned by the Western world today, public bathing was a cornerstone of Roman civilization. The baths even ____12____ the fall of Rome itself, continuing to operate into the Early Middle Ages. But what was it about these places that made them so ____13____ to historical change? As it turns out, there’s a lot more to them than rest and relaxation. The oldest of the Thermae Romae dates to the 2nd century BC, and they increased in both size and numbers as time went on. In 33 BC, the number of baths in the Eternal City alone had risen from a(n) ____14____ to more than 170. By the early 5th century AD, that quantity had climbed to an astonishing 856. Though many baths prioritized ____15____ over function, the most impressive of them were architectural wonders. The greatest of the greatest, the Terme di Caracalla, rivals the Forum and Pantheon in scale. Spanning 11 hectares and decorated with mosaics and statues, the ____16____ seems to have been capable of accommodating as many as 2,500 guests. Roman baths were also marvels of engineering. Water, carried over by channels, was heated before being poured into various pools. Versatility was the name of the game, with even the smallest public baths ____17____ at least three different pools: a warm pool; a hot pool; and, finally, a cold pool. Medium-sized thermae also featured steam rooms, similar to saunas. The biggest thermae went even further, offering outdoor courtyards where people could socialize or exercise, as well as gardens and libraries. While the ____18____ sports varied from one Italian region to another, common activities included boxing, wrestling, discus throwing, and weightlifting. Besides evidence from written sources, archaeological evidence can give us an even clearer picture of what went on inside these places. The evidence includes not only the remains of the baths themselves, but also the objects that researchers have been able to recover from their ____19____ undamaged drainage systems. Archacologists recovered nail cleaners, needles, and food remains, ____20____ some baths may have been fitted with medical facilities, textile workshops, and food stands. II. Reading Comprehension (45%) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B, C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Feeling unproductive even after working all day? Do you ever feel guilty for relaxing, even after you’ve worked hard all day? Do you feel like you should be doing more despite working full hours and nearing burnout? You may be experiencing productivity dysmorphia. Although not a scientific term, it’s a helpful way to describe the feeling of ____21____ to recognize your accomplishments and wanting to continue doing more, even when you’re completely drained. It’s the pursuit of productivity that motivates you to do more while ____22____ you of the ability to enjoy any success along the way. Productivity dysmorphia may look like working ____23____ on the weekends because you think you should be doing more, even though you did more than your share of work throughout the week. It could look like feeling ashamed of yourself when watching a movie or hanging out with friends because it feels like you’re ____24____ time that you could have spent working. Highly competitive, work-oriented cultures ____25____ this constant pursuit of productivity that affects other areas of life. ____26____, you’re often praised for putting productivity above your well-being. Remember how schools rewarded perfect attendance? ____27____, companies prefer employees who get the maximum work done while taking the fewest possible breaks. ____28____ like these stress that rest is bad and that being constantly at work is the right thing to do. Sometimes called “____29____ capitalism,” this mindset pushes people to force their minds and bodies to work even though they’re ____30____. The problem isn’t that the boss tells them to do it, but rather the social pressure to find self-worth in work achievements encourages people to dedicate their free time to extra work, ____31____ the family dinners to cat in front of a computer, and take work devices on vacations so they can wrap up a project on the plane. There’s a difference between enjoying work, working a lot, and feeling compelled to work ____32____ whether you enjoy it. Popular quotes like “if you do what you love, you don’t work a single day in life” may normalize overworking under the assumption that if you’re ____33____ about something, you won’t ever get tired. As people place more and more importance on work, it becomes harder to justify something if it doesn’t lead to productivity. Some writers have even begun describing rest as ____34____, as if people should stop relaxing if it doesn’t improve performance in some way. Not only does this mindset make it difficult to view and celebrate your achievements, but it also pushes you to build your entire life around work. The only milestones that mater are achieving work goals. The worst part? There’s no sense of ____35____ when you reach these goals. 21. A. hesitating B. learning C. agreeing D. failing 22. A. assuring B. convincing C. robbing D. accusing 23. A. alone B. extra C. later D. reluctantly 24. A. finding B. investing C. wasting D. saving 25. A. discourage B. evolve C. normalize D. criticize 26. A. In fact B. In other words C. On the contrary D. By comparison 27. A. Reversely B. Consequently C. Alternatively D. Similarly 28. A. Shares B. Breaks C. Habits D. Rewards 29. A. internalized B. rejected C. civilized D. classified 30. A. standing out B. breaking down C. catching up D. showing off 31. A. take B. enjoy C. skip D. extend 32. A. irrespective of B. associated with C. as a result of D. in spite of 33. A. particular B. passionate C. pessimistic D. curious 34. A. essential B. desirable C. productive D. imaginary 35. A. humor B. fulfillment C. timing D. justice Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Some famous novels show that being the side character can give us access to deeper truths and a richer appreciation of the human condition than those too busy propelling the story forward. Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle “He possesses two out of the three qualities necessary for the ideal detective. He has the power of observation and that of deduction. He is only wanting in knowledge.” There is little doubt that Sherlock Holmes is the most famous detective in literature. Arthur Conan Doyle’s stories now exist in over 70 languages, and Holmes is the most portrayed literary character in film and television history. As a detective, Holmes often takes the lead in solving mysteries, but the story is told from the perspective of Dr. John H. Watson, Holmes’s loyal friend and companion. There are many advantages to this. First, Holmes is odd and tends to focus on minor details. Telling a short story from his perspective would make it anything but short. Dr. Watson translates Holmes’s oddity into something less tiring for the reader. On a literary level, having the story told by the companion helps keep the reader in suspense. If we had access to everything Holmes knew, the game would be over before it was happening. By seeing the Victorian world through Watson’s eyes, not only are we provided a picture that non-detectives can comprehend, but we get to enjoy Sherlock’s exciting adventures spoiler-free. The Great Gatsby by E. Scot Fitzgerald “Yet high over the city, our line of yellow windows must have contributed their share of human secrecy to the casual watcher in the darkening streets, and I was him too, looking up and wondering. I was within and without, simultaneously enchanted and repelled by the inexhaustible variety of life.” F. Scott Fitzgerald’s best-known work is a meditation on class in the supposedly egalitarian (平等主义) United States, the excesses of the 1920s, and how horrible it can be when the American Dream comes true. The story is told from the perspective of Nick Carraway, a young man who has moved to Long Island in hopes of becoming a stockbroker and cashing in on the 1920s boom. As the title suggests, the real hero of the story is his mysterious neighbor, Jay Gatsby. The difficulty of the story centers on Gatsby’s attempts to pursue Nick’s married cousin Daisy, his dreams of reliving the past, and his efforts to climb into the upper-class of American society. Nick, who is an unreliable narrator, is present for many of the main events in the story. However, as hinted at in the above quote, he considers himself an observer rather than a driver of those events. This allows us to get an outside view of the situation from somebody who admits he doesn’t entirely fit into the world he’s participating in while still being an intimate companion of those who do. The resulting commentary on the life of the American upper crust (症结) has been debated for a century. 36. If written from the perspective of Sherlock Holmes instead of Dr. John Watson, the book Sherlock Holmes would be ________. A. short and to the point B. incomprehensible and long C. full of spoiler and suspense D. interesting but too professional 37. What can be inferred from The Great Gatsby written by F. Scott Fitzgerald? A. Nick Carraway is not just as observer but a driver of the story events. B. The real mysterious hero behind the title of the novel is Nick Garraway. C. Readers will know more about the American upper class from the perspective of Jay Gatsby. D. The unreliable narrator prevents the reader from grasping the harms of pursuing the American Dream. 38. Quotes from Sherlock Holmes and The Great Gatsby given below the title respectively in order to ________. A. stick to the traditional pattern of a famous novel B. indicate the side character’s role as the narrator C. remind readers of the theme and plot of the novels D. explain the main character’s neglect of deep truths 39. What’s the message the author of the passage wants to convey through the two books mentioned? A. Classical novels must have quotes that have enduring power among readers. B. Stories told from the most important character’s perspective are still the mainstream. C. Individual, or historical eras can be deeply explored from a unique sideline perspective. D. Side characters in novels are usually dismissed as unimportant and can’t get their name in the title. (B) Faced with multiple transformational changes-the impact of automation on job roles, remote and hybrid working conditions, and increasing labor shortages, to name a few-what can organizations do to thrive, not just survive? Crafting an upskilling strategy that prepares today’s workforce for tomorrow’s opportunities is a step in the right direction. For ideas of how to put this into practice, we can look to a few companies that have successfully developed upskilling programs, including Amazon, Salesforce, and PwC. Amazon-Upskilling 2025 Amazon’s upskilling program offers job assistance and tuition-free training that employees complete during their workday. Through Upskilling 2025, employees can participate in a variety of opportunities, including: Machine Learning University (MLU): Taught by Amazon’s own, this program is on track to train thousands of employees in machine learning skills. It requires a time commitment of four to eight hours per week, for each six-week module. A2Tech: Fulfillment center employees can complete this 90-day program to develop IT support technician skills and eventually, complete the A+ certification test. AWS Training and Certification: To address the cloud skills shortage, Amazon offers free AWS training and discounted certification exams. Classes are offered in-person and online. Amazon Technical Academy: Designed for employees in non-technical roles, this program seeks to move employees into software engineering professions through hybrid instruction, project-based activities, and real-world application. PwC - New World. New Skills. Over the next several years, PWC plans to invest $3-billion in upskilling. As part of its “New World. New Skills” initiative, the company offers in-person, digital upskilling programs where participants learn how to use tools from automation to robotics. The Virtual Digital Academy lasts from one to two days and is offered at both standard and advanced levels. To upskill their 50,000 U.S.-based employees, PwC also created the Digital Fitness app with training tools for a variety of in-demand topics such as artificial intelligence, machine learning, and augmented reality. Through the app, which is now available to the public, employees and others can earn micro-degrees and certifications. Salesforce-Trailhead Salesforce predicts it will create over four million jobs by 2026. To prepare current and prospective employees to fill these roles, the company invites its workforce and external learners to “skill up for the future” through its digital upskilling program, Trailhead. Through the online platform, learners can develop in-demand skills and earn credentials. To begin, participants select a career path (such as developer or data analyst) and then complete the “trail” for that career. Trails include eLearning modules and projects that help learners upskill for a new role. Alternatively, participants can create a custom “trailmix,” pulling learning components from various trails to form a personalized learning plan. Along their learning journeys participants earn badges and certifications to showcase on their resumes. 40. Based on the article, which of the following best defines the term “upskilling”? A. Replacing employees with automation tools to reduce labor costs B. Providing short-term training for employees to adapt to their current roles. C. Cultivating employee capabilities to meet current and future hiring needs. D. Encouraging self-directed learning without structured programs or certifications. 41. Suppose you recently left a non-technical role at a tech company but haven’t made a clear career plan. Which of the following upskilling programs would be most suitable for you? A. Amazon-A2Tech B. Amazon-Amazon Technical Academy C. PwC-Digital Fitness app D. Salesforce-Trailhead 42. What can be inferred about the practice of opening upskilling programs to external learners? A. Companies hope to cultivate a talent pool and address skill gaps. B. Training programs needn’t consider external learners’ working schedules. C. Remote and hybrid working conditions make large-scale training possible. D. Having more participants means reducing the tuition cost for every trainer. (C) Like millions of Americans, I am dyslexic (诵读困难者). I can’t remember which side is my right and which is my left. I know this makes no sense. After all, I have no problem telling the difference between other things. I know up from down. I know black from white. I know forks from spoons. And yet, I do not know left from right. My brain is not wired that way. This is true for many dyslexics, and I suspect multimodal large language models (MLLMs) may be dyslexic too. As a kid with dyslexia, school was very hard for me. For example, we humans created two lowercase letters in the English alphabet — “b” and “d” — that are only different because one points left and one points right. For decades, I could not tell the difference. This is a very common problem among dyslexics. The same is true for telling time on traditional clock faces — it only makes sense if you know the difference between clockwise and counterclockwise. These challenges don't end in elementary school. I still remember getting a problem wrong in a physics class at Stanford because I applied the “right-hand rule” with my left hand. Dyslexia has nothing to do with focus or intelligence — your brain just works differently from the people who created the cultural conventions we use in symbolic languages, mathematics, and many branches of science. I surely know what’s going on. It all relates to the “mind’s eye.” By this, I mean the way I visualize things inside my mind and store spatial elements in memory. When I recall things in my mind (objects, environments, images, or text), I don’t visualize them from a fixed first-person perspective. I think about them from all directions at once, more as a vague cloud of perspectives than a single, grounded orientation. This brings me back to multimodal large language models that process and interpret images and videos. These models are remarkable. They can match or exceed human performance on countless tasks, for example, diagnosing cancers from visual slides better than any human. And yet, a recent study found a surprising result: All major MLLMs currently struggle to tell time on analog clocks. According to the study, GPT-4.0 was only able to correctly read clock faces 8% of the time. Claude-3-5-sonnet was worse at 6%. Gemini 2.0 was the best, but still at only 20%. These numbers are surprisingly low, especially when you consider that these AI models can perform so well in other contexts. This is surprisingly similar to dyslexia in humans, not just in the simple artifacts that cause problems likes clocks, but in the contradictory mix of strengths and weaknesses that enables a person like me to earn a PhD and work successfully as a computer scientist and engineer, and yet still fail the “turn left here” test. 43. The phrase “mind’s eye” (paragraph 4) refers to ________. A. Literal visual perception through biological eyes B. A medical device used to treat dyslexia C. The brain’s ability to form and store mental images D. A metaphor for intelligence quotient (IQ) 44. Why do multimodal language models (MLLMs) struggle to read analog clocks accurately, according to the passage? A. Their cognitive process of spatial information is similar to that of dyslexic humans. B. They were primarily trained on digital clocks, leaving analog clock recognition underdeveloped. C. Clock faces require understanding of cultural conventions, which AI lacks compared to humans. D. Their visual recognition systems focus more on object detection like cancer diagnosis than directional interpretation. 45. Why does the author emphasize that he failed a physics task due to left-right confusion yet ultimately earned a PhD? A. To argue that universities should relax academic standards for dyslexic students B. To suggest AI could compensate for human cognitive limitations in scientific research. C. To demonstrate that physics is uniquely difficult for people with spatial processing differences. D. To highlight that dyslexia's challenges are specific rather than reflective of overall intellectual ability. 46. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. The Complete Guide to Dyslexia Treatments B. When Machines Mirror Human Learning Disabilities C. Are Large Language Models Dyslexic? D. Why Schools Must Adapt to Dyslexic Students Section C Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Hit by Natural Disasters The planet is at a climate crossroads. Natural disasters are increasing so much in frequency and intensity that even places once believed to be safe from the worst of what's to come-the cool, wet Pacific Northwest, for example-are experiencing greater effects from wildfire, storms, flooding, landslides and drought. These events severely harm local communities not just as the tragedy unfolds but long after it’s over. ____47____ Houston, which was devastated by Hurricane Harvey in 2017, bounced back more quickly than expected because its economy was split among a wide variety of industries, including health care, aerospace, shipping, manufacturing and technology. Those sectors that couldn’t immediately resume business were balanced out by those that could. “But when a community is dependent on a single industry, rebuilding can be much harder,” says Paloma Zapata, CEO of Sustainable Travel International, an organization working to help the global travel industry strengthen its climate resilience. Tourism destinations hit by natural disasters need visitors in order for local people and businesses to survive. But important questions underlie tourists’ return: Is restoring the tourism to its previous form the best future for a destination that’s been impacted by natural disaster? ____48____ The answer is complicated. “Typically, a destination that relies on tourism is not going to stop relying on tourism just because of a natural disaster,” says Zapata. ____49____ “In other words, there needs to be a balance between economic development, conservation, community well-being and the visitor experience,” she continues. ____50____ If visitors do not return, the entire tourism will collapse. Ironically, because tourism is a major driver of carbon emissions and human-caused climate change, restoring high numbers of visitors could also have a similarly negative impact on the community in the long run. Thus, it’s important for destinations to give serious thought to the kind of tourism they want back following a natural disaster. A. While economic diversification could help, the reality is that usually tourism-dependent economies don’t have a choice. B. Those with diverse economies can be somewhat quick in their recovery C. Lower visitor numbers continue to affect local businesses and the slow recovery has resulted in many people's relocation. D. Should the media create global impressions that these events are nothing short of disastrous for local communities? E. Would it be better for local communities and environments if a pre-disaster form of tourism never returned at all? F. But natural disasters can act as a turning point for overdeveloped places to re-evaluate the sustainability of their behavior. III. Summary Writing (10%) 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point (s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. A Tennessee Couple Rescued a Kitten... It Turned Out to Be a Bobcat (山猫) Staff at True Rescue in Mount Juliet, Tennessee, have handled their fair share of kittens over the years. So all it took was one look at the head and paws of a kitten that was rushed to the animal shelter last week to tell that they were dealing with a case of mistaken identity. The seemingly distressed kitten found on the back deck of a Middle Tennessee couple’s home was actually a baby bobcat. Whoops! “We definitely knew it wasn’t a regular kitten,” Amy Simcik, founder and executive director of True Rescue, told McClatchy News. “It was very big-big head, big feet... wild and musky (麝香的) kind of smelling.” Simcik also noted the kitten’s distinctive fur and birdlike vocalizations. Unlike domestic kittens, bobcat kittens rarely meow. They also have very short tails. While the couple meant well, humans should avoid removing young wild animals from their environment. Doing so can prevent them from ever returning to the wild. “We always recommend people to search online for exactly what to do,” she told McClatchy. “Most of the time, the results will say to leave it. You’re endangering it far more trying to pull it out of that environment and care for it yourself than leaving it.” The baby bobcat, who was later named Pearl, was recently transferred from Walden’s Puddle to For Fox Sake Wildlife Rescue in Chattanooga, where she can interact with another bobkitten named Ruby. The two kittens will be raised as siblings before being released back into the wild. “Pearl is in great shape,” rescuers wrote in a Facebook update Sunday. “We’re thankful to True Rescue for bringing Pearl to Walden’s Puddle and to Walden’s Puddle for transferring her to us,” the post continues. “Both Pearl and Ruby have a much better chance at a happy, free life in the wild because they will be able to be together.” Good luck, little ladies! _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV. Translation (15%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 死记硬背语法规则却不知如何在真实语境中灵活运用，有何意义? (point) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 机器人与人类选手肩并肩冲过半程马拉松终点线，在那一瞬间，人们欢呼雀跃，庆祝这一象征科技进步的历史性突破。 (The instant) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 尽管一起看电视剧这类被动活动轻松愉快，但若想维系友谊，深入交流的作用远胜于此。（as...as）（汉译英） _____________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 专家们在会议上提出建议，对许多国内企业而言，全球化扩张战略不仅意味着产品出口，更需要提供优质服务，从而实现更高效的跨行业整合。 (recommendation) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ V. Guided Writing (25%) 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 城市公园不再是传统意义上的仅供老年人锻炼身体、社交聊天的场所。根据你最近的一次游园感受，写一份建议信给公园领导，提出一些切实可行的改进意见，从而充分利用公园的各项设施，为游客创造最佳的游园体验。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $