【预习领跑】专题02 选必一Unit2 (知识全梳理&考点精准练-【暑假自学课】2025年新高二英语暑假提升精品讲义（人教版2019）)

专题02 选必一Unit2 (知识全梳理&考点精准练) 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：一、高频词变形速通； 二、语境为王-短语指南 三、 核心词通关攻略 练习题 讲典例：重点句型精讲精练 练考点 强知识：核心词考点加强练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 一、高频词变形速通 1. persuade(=convince) vt.劝说;说服→persuasion n.劝说 → persuasive(=convincing) adj.有说 服力;劝说的 2. distant adj.遥远的;疏远的;心不在焉的 →distance n.距离;远方vt.疏远;把···甩在后面 3.secure adj.安全的;安心的;可靠的 vt.获得;拴牢;保护 →insecure adj.缺乏信心的;不安全 →security n.保护措施;安全工作 4. automatic adj.自动的 →automatically adv.自动地 5. integrated adj.各部分密切协调的;综合的→integrate vi.＆vt.(使)合并;成为一体 6. sensor n.传感器 →sense n.意识;感觉vt.感觉到;意识到;理解 →sensory adj.感觉的→ sensitive adj. 敏感的 7. efficient adj.效率高的 →efficiency n.效率;功率 →inefficient adj.低效率的 8. preference n.爱好;偏爱 →prefer v.更喜欢 →preferred adj.首选的 9. instant n.瞬间(=moment);片刻adj.立即的;速食的 →instantly adv.立即;立刻 10. command n.指令;命令;控制vt.命令;控制 →commander n.指挥官 11. obey (=observe)vi.＆vt.服从;遵守 →disobey vi.＆vt.不服从;不遵守 12.warning n.警告;先兆 → warn vi.＆vt.警告 13. constant(=continuous) adj.不断的;重复的;不变的n.常数;常量 →constantly adv.不断地 14. critical adj.批判的，极重要的，关键的；严重的，病重的 →critic n. 批判家 →criticize v. 批判→critically adv. 批判性地，严重地 15. abnormal adj.不正常的;反常的 →normal adj.正常的 16. potentially adv.潜在地;可能地 →potential adj.可能的;潜在的n.潜力;可能性 17. electrical adj.电的;用电的 →electricity n.电力;电流 →electric adj.电的;发电的;导电的 →electronic adj.电子的 18. wiring n.电线线路 →wire n.电线;金属丝(或线)vt.接通电源;将···连接到 → wireless adj.无线的 →wired adj.有线的,联网的;极其兴奋的 19. detect vt.发现;查明 →detector n.检测器 →detective n.侦探 →detection n.侦查;察觉 →undetected adj.未被发现的 20. relevant adj.有关的 →relevance n.关联;相关性→relevantly adv.有关联地→irrelevant adj.无关的 21. innovate vt.改革;创新 →innovation n.创新;创造 →innovative adj.创新的;革新的 22. crime n.犯罪 →criminal adj.犯罪的n.罪犯 23. combine vt.＆vi.(使)结合;混合 →combination n.结合;结合物 →combined adj. 结合的；合并的 24. predict vt.预测→prediction n.预测;预言→predictable adj.可预见的→unpredictable adj.不可预测的 25. occupy vt.占据→occupation n.职业;占领→occupied adj.已占用的;无空的 26. oppose →opposed adj.强烈反对的;截然不同 → n. opposition 反对；对抗 27. absence n.不在;缺乏;缺席 →absent adj.缺席的,缺少的,不在场的 28. advocate vt．提倡;支持;拥护n.提倡者;支持者→advocation n.拥护,支持 29. resist vi.＆vt.抵制;抵挡→resistance n.抵抗,反对→resistant adj.有抵抗力的 30. accurate adj.精确的;准确的→accuracy n.准确(性) 31. library n.图书馆→ librarian n.图书管理员 32. emphasize(=stress=highlight=underline) vt.强调;加强语气;重读→emphasis n.强调;加强语气;重读 二、语境为王-短语指南 1. look into the future 展望未来 2. pros and cons 正反两方面；赞成者和反对者 3. in one’s opinion 在…看来 4. be meant to do sth 意在做某事, 应该做某事 5. give tips on (doing) sth 给出关于…的建议 6. intended audience 目标读者 7. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 8. switch off （用开关）关掉；切断（电源） 9. all the time 始终，一直 10. lead to 导致；通向 11. in the not-too-distant future 在不太遥远的将来 12. keep us secure 让我们安全 13. save energy 节省能源 14. remote controls 遥控（器） 15. air conditioners 空调；冷气机 16. advanced technology 先进技术 17. automatic control [自] 自动控制 18. integrated sensors 集成传感器 19. energy-efficient mode 节能模式 20. all by oneself 靠自己；独立，单独 21. no longer 不再 22. on and off 断断续续地，不时地 13. daily routine 日常习惯 14. be ready for 为…做准备 15. come on 开始运转（运行） 16. the instant that 一…就 17. along with 连同…一起；与…一道；除了… 18. prepare for 为…准备，使有准备 19. respond to 响应, 回答 20. regular health checks 定期健康检查 21. in addition 另外，此外 22. keep track of 记录；与…保持联系 23. as well 也；同样地 24. early on 在初期，早先 25. provide sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物 26. fix the problem 解决问题 27. catch fire 着火 28. in this sense 从这个意义上来说 29. in a sense 在某种意义上 30. build up 增进，加强 31. big data 大数据 32. come true 实现，成真；成为现实 33. take care to do sth 注意；小心做某事 34. combine…with/and... 把…结合在一起 35. benefit from 得益于；因…而得到好处 36. can’t help but do sth 忍不住要做某事 37. It is a good habit to do sth 做某事是一个好习惯 38. make certain 弄清楚；弄确实 39. send out 发送；派遣；放出 40. leak oil 漏油 41. set off 出发；引起；动身；使爆炸 42. hang out 挂出；闲逛 43. go sightseeing 去观光 44. It takes sb+time to do sth. 花某人时间做某事。 45. apologise for 为…道歉 46. on the one hand 一方面 47. on the other hand 另一方面 48. in the absence of 缺乏，无…时 49. in the distant future 在遥远的未来 50. It could even be argued that... 甚至可以说 51. rather than 而不是；宁可…也不愿 52. keep in touch (with)... (与…)保持联络 53. even if 即使；虽然 54. on opposite sides of 在…的对面 55. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 56. benefit quite a lot from 获益颇多 57. technological advances 技术进步 58. look on (…as) 看待 59. make accurate predictions about 对…作出准确的预测 60. I couldn’t agree more 我完全同意 61. place/lay more emphasis on 强调；把重点放在 62. get a high-paying job 找一份高薪的工作 63. have the luxury of doing sth 有幸/难得能享受…的机会 64. cut down   削减；砍倒 65. in place of 代替 66. be made from 由…制成 67. put your mind at rest 放心 68. persuade sb to do sth =persuade sb into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 69. persuade sb not to dosth =persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事 70. have a preference for... 对...偏爱 71. have a good command of+语言 精通某门语言 72. resist doing sth 抵制做某事 73. cease doing sth 停止做某事 74. oppose doing sth 反对做某事 75. be opposed to doing sth 反对做某事 76. be relevant to= be related to 与...有关 三、核心词通关攻略 1. persuade /pə'sweɪd/ vt. 劝说；说服 考频：★★★ For example, the phrase in my opinion tells us that the passage is likely meant to persuade. (P14) 例如，在我看来，这句话告诉我们，这篇文章很可能是为了说服我们。 【拓展】 persuade sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into (doing) sth. 说服某人做某事 persuade sb. (not) to do sth. = persuade sb. out of (doing) sth. 说服某人不做某事 persuade sb. of ... = persuade sb. (that) 使某人信服 【例句】 I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea. 我设法说服了同学们接受我的想法。 It will be difficult to persuade them that there’s no other choice. 很难让他们相信别无选择。 2. switch /swɪtʃ/ vt. 转换；交换 vi. & vt. （使）改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 考频：★★★ Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer? (P14) 或是你忘记过关掉电视或电脑吗？ 【拓展】 switch off 关（电灯、机器等） switch on 开（电灯、机器等） switch over （方法、产品等）改变，转变；转换（电台或电视频道） 【例句】 Don’t forget to switch off before you go. 离开之前别忘记关掉开关。 We’ve switched over to telephone banking. 我们已经改用电话银行服务了。 3. distant /ˈdɪstənt/ adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的 考频：★★★ However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. (P14) 然而在不久的将来，我们将生活在智能的家里。智能的家会在我们外出时锁好家门，会在我们忘记关掉电视的时候替我们关上。 【拓展】 distant view 远景 distant cousin 远表兄妹 distance n. 距离；（距离的）遥远；（时间的）久远 in the distance 在远处 The airport was about 20 kilometres distant. 机场在大约20公里远的地方。 4.automatic /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk/ adj. 自动的 考频：★☆☆ In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home. (P14) 未来，我们每天都能使用先进的技术来自动控制家里几乎所有的东西。 【拓展】 a fully automatic driverless train 全自动无人驾驶列车 automatic doors 自动门 automatic teller machine (ATM) 自动取款机 【例句】 The heating system in the hotel has an automatic temperature control. 旅馆里的取暖系统是自动调温的。 My camera is fully automatic. 我的照相机是全自动的。 5. integrated /'ɪntɪɡreɪtɪd/ adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的 考频：★★☆ The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself. (P14) 未来的住宅将使用集成传感器来感应你每天早晨何时出门，然后自动进入节能模式。 【拓展】 an integrated public transport system 综合公共交通体系 a racially integrated community 各种族和谐相处的社区 integrate vi. & vt. （使）合并；成为一体 integration n. 结合；整合；一体化 【例句】 My grandfather started the first integrated elementary school in Tennessee. 我的外祖父创办了田纳西州的第一所综合性小学。 【拓展】 6. preference /ˈprefrəns/ n. 爱好；偏爱 考频：★★★ Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. (P14) 你的住宅还能了解你的日程安排和喜好，所以每天晚上你回到家时，一切都已经准备就绪。 【搭配】 have/show (a) preference for ... 偏爱…… give (a) preference to 优待 personal preference 个人喜好 【例句】 If you have a preference for jazz, your smart home will play jazz the instant you get home. 如果你偏爱爵士音乐，你一回家智能家居就会播放爵士音乐。 7. warning /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/ n. 警告；警示；先兆 考频：★★☆ If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a warning to your phone. (P15) 如果你开始有睡眠或体重问题，它会将警告发到你的手机上。 【拓展】 give/sound a warning 发出警告 written/verbal warning 书面/口头警告 【例句】 She had ignored the warning signs of trouble ahead. 她没有理会警示前方危险的标志。 【拓展】 warn v. 警告，告诫；提醒 warn (sb) against sth （因可能有危险或产生不良结果而）告诫（某人）不要做(某事) warn sb off doing sth 告诫（某人）不要做（某事） 8. constant /ˈkɒnstənt/ adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 n. 常数；常量 考频：★★☆ Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well. (P15) 智能马桶也会持续跟踪你的健康状况。 【拓展】 a constant stream of visitors all day 整天络绎不绝的游客 【例句】 There was a constant stream of visitors to the house. 去看这幢房子的游客川流不息。 He kept in constant contact with his family while he was in Australia. 他在澳大利亚时一直和家人保持着联系。 Babies need constant attention. 婴儿一刻也离不开人。 9. potential /pə'tenʃl/ adj. 可能的；潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性考频：★★☆ 【拓展】 achieve/fulfil/realize your (full) potential 发挥你的（全部）潜力 potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地 【例句】 First we need to identify actual and potential problems. 首先，我们需要弄清实际的问题和潜在的问题。 The company certainly has the potential for growth. 那家公司当然有发展潜力。 She has the potential to become a champion. 她有潜力成为冠军。 All children should be encouraged to realize their full potential. 应当鼓励所有的儿童充分发挥他们的潜能。 10. crime /kraɪm/ n. 犯罪活动；不法行为 考频：★☆☆ 【拓展】 commit crime 犯罪 combat/fight crime 打击犯罪活动 crime prevention 防止犯罪的措施 crime rate 犯罪率 victim of crime 犯罪受害人 【例句】 We need to focus more on crime prevention. 我们需要更加注重预防犯罪。 Women commit far less crime than men. 女性犯罪大大少于男性。 11. combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ vi. & vt. （使）结合；混合 考频：★★☆ Care will also be taken to combine the building and the surrounding architecture together to form an effective system. (P16) 此外，还要注意将建筑物和周围的建筑物组合在一起，以形成一个有效的系统。 【拓展】 combine ... and/with ... 把……与……结合起来 associate/connect ... with ... 把……和……联系起来 relate ... to ... 将……和……联系起来；与……有关 【例句】 Smart homes combine technology and health firmly. 智能家居将科技与健康紧密联系在一起。 12. predict /prɪˈdɪkt/ vt. 预测；预言；预料 考频：★★☆ 【拓展】 prediction n. 预测，预言 predictable adj. 可预见的；可预料的 【例句】 Nobody could predict the outcome. 谁也无法预料结果如何。 It is impossible to predict what will happen. 预知未来的事是不可能的。 The trial is predicted to last for months. 预料审讯将持续数月之久。 13. forecast /ˈfɔːˌkɑːst/ vt. & n. 预测；预报 考频：★★☆ 【拓展】 weather forecast 天气预测，天气预报 the company’s annual sales forecast 公司的年销售预测 demand forecast 需求预测 【例句】 The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers. 预报间晴，有阵雨。 It is difficult to forecast how the markets will react. 很难预测市场会有什么样的反应。 The situation with the fires is developing negatively, as forecasts warned. 根据预报的警告，大火情况正在往不好的方向发展。 14. occupation /ˌɒkju'peɪʃn/ n. 职业；占领 考频：★★☆ 【拓展】 occupy v. （军事）占领，占据；任职，位居；使用（房屋、建筑），居住 occupied adj. （床、椅子、房间等）已被占用的；（地方）被占领的，遭侵占的；忙于……的，从事……的 【例句】 Please state your name, age and occupation below. 请在下面写明姓名、年龄和职业。 Notre Dame survived the violence and the occupation of war. 巴黎圣母院在暴力和战争占领中幸免于难。 15.oppose /əˈpəʊz/ vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠 考频：★★☆ In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. (P20) 在这篇报道中，多位人士表示公众应该反对发展无人驾驶汽车这一想法。 【拓展】 oppose (doing) sth. 反对（做）某事 as opposed to （表示对比）而不是 【例句】 I would oppose changing the law. 我将反对改变这个法规。 This exercise develops suppleness as opposed to strength. 这项锻炼不是增强力量，而是增强柔韧性的。 16. cease /siːs/ vi. & vt.（使）停止；终止 考频：★☆☆ Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. (P20) 所以，我们应停止仅仅因为技术是新的就接受它。 【拓展】 cease trading/production/operations 停止交易/生产/经营 wonders will never cease (informal) （表示惊喜）真是无奇不有，怪事何其多 【例句】 Welfare payments cease as soon as an individual starts a job. 一旦就业，即停发福利救济。 “I’ve cleaned my room.” “Wonders will never cease!” “我把我的房间打扫干净了。”“怎么太阳从西边出来了！” The things people will do for charity never cease to amaze me. 人们为慈善事业做的好事总是让我很惊讶。 17. absence /'æbsəns/ n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席 考频：★★☆ On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. (P20) 一方面，世界上有许多不同群体的人，在没有新技术的情况下依然过着幸福的生活。 【拓展】 in/during sb’s absence 当某人不在的时候；缺席 in absence of ... 缺乏…… 【例句】 The decision was made in my absence. 这个决定是我不在的时候做出的。 The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof. 此案因缺乏确凿证据而不予受理。 18. advocate /'ædvəkeɪt/ vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者考频：★★☆ They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. (P20) 他们提倡简朴的生活，强调实干、家庭和社区。 【拓展】 advocate (sb) doing sth. 提倡/主张（某人）做某事 advocate that sb. (should) do sth. 提倡……做某事 【例句】 Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour. 很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。 We advocate that we should embrace new technologies. 我们倡导应当拥抱新科技。 19. emphasis /ˈemfəsɪs/ n. 强调；重视；重要性 （pl. emphases） 考频：★★☆ They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. (P20) 他们提倡简朴的生活，强调实干、家庭和社区。 【拓展】 emphasis on 着重于；对……的强调 put/place/lay emphasis on 重视；强调；把重点放在…… emphasize/emphasise vt. 着重；强调 【例句】 He placed great emphasis on the importance of family life and ties. 他非常重视家庭生活和家庭纽带。 High schools should lay emphasis on the cultivation of students’ interpersonal communication skills. 高中应重视培养学生的人际交往能力。 20. keep in touch (with) （与……）保持联系；了解（某课题或领域的情况） 考频：★★☆ Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. (P20) 此外，互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。 【拓展】 be/get in touch (with sb) （与……）有（或进行）联系 【例句】 So how do you keep in touch with each other? 那么你们是怎么保持联系的呢？ Let’s keep in touch. 咱们保持联系。 It is important to keep in touch with the latest research. 及时了解最新研究情况很重要。 21. prospect /ˈprɒspekt/ n. 可能性；前景 考频：★★☆ Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. (P20) 当然，当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，它可能会产生出一个让人担惊受怕的前景。 【拓展】 an exciting prospect 令人兴奋的前景 good job/employment/career prospects 美好的工作／就业／事业前途 【例句】 There is every prospect (=a strong possibility) of the weather remaining dry this week. 本周天气很有可能持续干燥。 How do your job prospects look now? 你目前的工作前景如何呢？ 24. resist /rɪˈzɪst/ vi. & vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡 考频：★★☆ Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it. (P20) 然而，我将始终着眼于变革的积极一面，接受变革，而不是抗拒变革。 【拓展】 resist doing sth 反对/抵制做某事 can’t resist (doing) sth 忍不住/抵抗不住做某事 resistance n. 抵制；反对；抗拒 armed resistance 武装反抗 【例句】 Only by accepting science and technology instead of resisting it can we promote social progress. 接纳科技而非抵制科技才能促进社会的进步。 1．单句语法填空 ①Adam Smith was the first person ________ (see) the importance of the division of labour. ②Do you have anything ________ (say) about the question? ③If the building project _______________ (complete) by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined. ④Volunteering gives you a chance ________ (change) people's life, including your own. ⑤The next train ________ (arrive) is from New York. 【答案】to see, to say, to be completed, to change, to arrive 动词不定式（短语）作定语 These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. (教材P14) 这些智能家居将保证我们的安全，为我们节约能源，并提供更舒适的居住环境。 ◆知识拓展 不定式(短语)作后置定语时，须放在被修饰的名词或代词的后面。常见的动词不定式(短语)作定语的情况有： ❶被修饰词为last、only、序数词、形容词最高级或被last、only、序数词、形容词最高级修饰的词，且被修饰词与动词之间为逻辑上的主谓关系时。 He is always the first to come and the last to leave. 他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。 ❷不定代词something, nothing, little等后常用不定式(短语)作定语，说明被修饰代词的内容。 There is nothing to worry about. 没什么可担心的。 ❸抽象名词time, way, reason, chance, ability, courage, opportunity, wish等后常用不定式(短语)作定语。 The exhibition is a unique opportunity to see her works. 这次展览是欣赏她作品的一次难得的机会。 ❹被修饰词前有the only, the very, the next等词时。 You are the only person to do the job. 你是做这项工作的唯一人选。 ❺表示将要发生的动作时(既有主动形式，也有被动形式)。 The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance. 明天要召开的会议非常重要。 2. 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so it is important to study a good map ________ you set out. ②If you miss this chance, ________ may be years before you get another one. 真是对不起让你久等了，但是还要过一段时间你才能拿到你的护照。 ③I’m sorry you have been waiting so long, but it will still be some time ______________________. ④如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。 If you miss this chance, _______________________you get another one. ⑤不久我们就会习惯新的学校生活。 ________________________we get used to the new school life. ⑥过了三天他才回来。 It was three days___________________________________． ⑦很长一段时间后她才从手术中康复。 ______________________________ she recovered from the operation. ⑧我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。 My father had left for Canada just _______________________________. 【答案】①before, ②it, ③before you can get your passport, ④it will be years before,⑤ It won’t be long before, ⑥before he came back, ⑥It was a long time before,⑧ before the letter arrived. before引导时间状语从句 Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. (教材P15) 然而，大多数新房屋还需要几年才能开始使用这项新技术。 ◆知识拓展 before引导时间状语从句时可以根据语境译作“在……之前”“过了……(时间)才……”和“还没来得及……就……”。before常用于以下句型： (1)“It was＋时间段＋before...”意为“过了……才……”，从句常用一般过去时。 (2)“It was not long before...”意为“不久就……”，从句常用一般过去时。 (3)“It won’t be long before...”意为“不久就会……”，从句常用一般现在时。 (4)“It will/may be＋时间段＋before...”意为“要过/或许要过……才……”，从句常用一般现在时。 ❶Before you came over, I never realize what a beautiful place I lived in. 在你来拜访之前，我从未意识到我住在一个多么美丽的地方。 ❷They walked about 30 miles before they saw a village. 他们走了大约30英里才看到一个村庄。 ❸We hadn’t run a mile before he felt tired. 我们跑了还不到1英里他就累了。 ❹It was really a long time before I realized the truth. 过了很长一段时间我才认识到真相。 ❺It won’t be long before they arrive.不久他们就会到了。 ❻It will be two months before the new building is put into use. 要过两个月这栋新楼才会投入使用。 考点1： persuade的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He tried to persuade his son _________ (study)hard, but failed. ②We finally persuaded Ben _______ the wisdom of this decision. ③I managed to persuade my classmates into___________ (accept)my idea. ④我们说服了他不把钱借给那个人。 We ______________________________________ his money to that man. ⑤我将说服他把药吃下去。 I shall____________________________________． 【答案】to study；of; accepting; persuaded him not to lend/out of lending; persuade him to take the medicine 考点2：switch的用法[考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She switched ________ the lamp because it was dark. ②He was so stubborn that he refused to make________ switch. ③我们问他们是否愿意和我们调换位置。We asked them if they would___________________________． ④你出门前要把电视关掉。__________________________ before you go out. ⑤遥控器让你在不同的电视频道之间轻松地转换。 The remote control allows you _________________ between TV channels. ⑥When the water is stopped, a blower _________is automatically____________, and it blows out hot air to dry the clothes. 水停后，吹风机开关自动打开，并吹出热风吹干衣服。 【答案】on; a; switch places with us; Switch off the TV; to switch easily; switch, switched on 考点3. prefer的用法[考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ① In considering people for the job, we give __________ (prefer)to those with some experience. ② She has a preference________ blue, while I like red better. ③ 她愿意学小提琴而不是钢琴。She chose to learn the violin_________________________． ④ 通过数学与化学考试的学生优先考虑。 __________________________ students who have passed maths and chemistry test. ⑤Although a few clients contact me by telephone, most _______to deal with me through e­mail, which I ____________________． 虽然有几个客户会用电话联系我，但大多数客户还是选择通过电子邮件和我交流，电子邮件是我偏爱的交流途径。 【答案】preference；for; in preference to the piano; Preference is given to; prefer; have a preference for 考点4： instant的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/句型转换 ①Just for ________ instant I thought he was going to refuse. ②________ instant you turn it on, you’ll get boiling water from our instant boiling water tap. ③Immediately, a car pulled over and a young woman jumped out. →_____________________, a car pulled over and a young woman jumped out. ④He told me the news as soon as he met me. →He told me the news____________________________． 【答案】an; The; In an instant; the instant (that) he met me 考点5：resist的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ① As they suppose, there has been a lot of ___________(resist)to this plan. ② Some government officials weren't resistant ________ the temptation of money, and were punished by law in the end. ③ 她到那里时，禁不住想走进去。 When she got to the place, she__________________________． ④ 如果我们抵触那些被列为不开心的事情，这会导致更多的抗拒，也就会导致更多的不开心。 If we ________the feelings that we categorize as unpleasant, it simply causes__________________, leading to more unhappiness. ⑤ 我忍不住把那个秘密告诉了他。 I couldn’t resist______________________． 【答案】resistance; to; could not resist going in; resist, more resistance; telling him the secret 考点6：warning的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 ❶Local people received a __________ that a heavy storm would arrive. 当地人收到警报说一场大的暴风雨就要来临。 ❷The government issues a __________ that those who won’t pay income taxes will be fined. 政府发出了警告，凡不缴纳所得税的人将被罚款。 ❸I just wanted to get more information for my report to warn more girls never________________(fool). ❹He has been warned ________danger of driving after drinking wine. 他已被提醒过酒后开车危险。 ❺When I had my first baby, friends_______________________________. 当我有了第一个孩子时，朋友们提醒我说养孩子是很花钱的。 【答案】warning; warning; to be fooled; of; warned me that children were expensive 【名师点津】用于v.＋sb. of (doing) sth.结构的常用词汇还有： inform (通知); accuse (指控); remind (提醒); cure (治愈); suspect (怀疑); rob (抢劫) 考点7：combine的用法 [考向]固定搭配+词性转换 ① The club is supported by a ____________ (combine) of people from all social classes. ②We can’t always combine work ________ pleasure. ③他们把两个小店合成一个大的。They____________________________________． ④理论和实践应该结合好，这让一个学生成为合格的学习者。 Theory and practice____________________________, which makes a student a qualified learner. ⑤The relay is the most exciting race in track and field competition, a ___________of speed and technique, and the ability to ________ individual running ________team precision in passing the baton. 在径赛与田赛项目中，接力赛是最激动人心的比赛。它是速度与技术的结合，个人速度与团队准确传递接力棒之能力的结合。 【答案】combination; with/and; combined the two small shops into a big one; should be well combined; combination; with 考点8：predict的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①This trend can be predicted ___________(continue)throughout 2020 and well into 2030. ②It _____________ (predict)that the number of people who can benefit from his research will come to 1，000，000 a year. ③要准确地预言这会有什么影响是不可能的。 It is not possible____________________________________． ④我最喜欢历史，因为它有助于我鉴往知来。 I like history most, because it helps me __________________by reviewing the past. 【答案】to continue；is predicted; to predict with certainty what effect this will have; to predict the future 考点9： oppose 的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/句型转换 ①We oppose _________(settle)this matter by force. ②Many old men are opposed to __________(cut)down the 100­year­old tree for rebuilding a shopping center. ③This exercise develops suppleness(柔韧性)as __________(oppose)to strength. ④Do you oppose my speaking to him about it？＝ _______________________my speaking to him about it? 【答案】settling; cutting; opposed; Are you opposed to 考点10： absence的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Mr. White has been absent ________ work for days, so he knows nothing about our plan. ②Her absence________ mind during driving nearly caused an accident. ③Please look after my house during my _________(absent). ④他经常缺课都是因为他的病。 His frequent ______________________ is all because of his illness. ⑤关于他缺席的原因有很多传言。 There has been much gossip about the possible reasons ________________． ⑥Many elderly people would, however, like to own a pet but sadly suitable support in the form of daily care, housing or finance______________． 然而，许多老年人喜欢养宠物，但遗憾的是，在日常护理、合适的住房或财务方面缺乏适当的支持。 【答案】from; of; absence; absences from school; for his absence; is absent 考点11：advocate的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Many experts advocate____________ (reward) your child for good behaviour. ②People advocate that something ______________(do) to protect the environment.＝People advocate________ (do) something to protect the environment. ③他是一个多造飞机、少造军舰的拥护者。 He is _______________more planes and fewer warships. ④我不支持建立大工厂。 I do not advocate___________________________． 【答案】rewarding; (should) be done, doing; an advocate for/of; building large factories 考点12：get touch with的用法 [考向] 固定搭配 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I've lost touch _________ all my old friends. ②I'm trying to get ________ touch with Jane. Do you have her number? ③实话告诉你，我和大部分的老朋友都失去了联系。 To be frank with you, I’ve been ______________________most of my old friends. ④保安人员与当地警方保持密切联系。 The security staff were_____________________ the local police. ⑤你离开后，要确保与我联系。 Be sure ______________________________ while you are away. 【答案】with；in/into; out of touch with; in close touch with; to keep in touch with me 知识导图记忆 I.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空) (每小题2分，共16分) 1．The little boy broke away from me (instant) he saw his mother. 2．In the past，I had a for physics.In other words，I to study it.(prefer) 3．Although his is ，it can’t me to change my mind.(persuade) 4．The woman often (switch) on the computer the instant she gets home. 5．I him not to skate on such thin ice，but he ignored my .(warn) 6．As an secretary，she can organize various jobs and improve her .(efficient) 7．He has been from school for some days，so I think his will result in his bad performances in the exam.(absence) 8．There’s no sense (argue) with such a stubborn person. II.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词) (每小题1分，共10分) 1．There are a few students in support of the decision，but all the rest are o to it. 2．Some students do not think it vital to o the traffic rules. 3．If she insists on not going，nothing you can say will p her. 4．Many lessons are now a online，from which students can choose for free.(2020·江苏) 5．Instantly I saw an ice cream，I couldn’t r buying it. 6．Apparently， (使结合) my job with my little children is rather difficult for me. 7．Learning to think (批判性地) is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. 8．Our school (倡议) that we should commit ourselves to building a low-carbon campus. (应用文之倡议书) 9．They (预测) the bad environmental consequences ten years ago. 10．I have to put (强调) on learning oral English. Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共12分) 1．我写信寻求您对我们的英语短剧的指导，因为我不知道如何调整剧情的词汇和语法。(as引导的原因状语从句)(应用文之求助信) I’m writing to ask for your guidance on our English short play， of the plot. 2．更重要的是，我认为这是一个促进中国文化和发展我的能力的好机会。(it作形式宾语) More importantly，I consider the Chinese culture and develop my ability. 3．十天后，我将正在美国学习。 In ten days，I . 4．我怒火中烧，双手颤抖，因为他向我撒谎了。(since引导原因状语从句) I boiled with anger，with my hands trembling， . IV. 语篇填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 High schoolers from around the world recently proved robotics isn’t just about building machines — it’s about tackling real-world challenges. The 2025 FIRST Robotics Competition (FRC) Shanghai Regional, held from March 14 to 17, 1 (bring) together nearly 1,000 high school students representing multiple countries and regions. This year’s theme, “Reefscape”, challenged students to design and program robots 2 (restore) marine ecosystems. Tasks included transplanting artificial corals and collecting simulated algae, 3 (test) both technical skills and environmental awareness. 4 the world’s highest-level youth robotics competition, FPC demands mastery of advanced technology, 5 , according to Mei Kai, the captain of Iron-Pulse, is only possible through strong teamwork. Actually, to promote a 6 (globe) community, this spirit of cooperation also goes beyond nationalities. “When 7 (face) with strong competitors, we all improve together,” said Guo Xue, a member from Violet Z. “We want to demonstrate our enthusiasm and openness to participants from all over the world, and I 8 (true) hope to present the image of Chinese people and contemporary China, letting everyone see 9 Chinese high school students and robotics teams are really like,” she added. After all, FRC 10 (intend) to cultivate the next generation of leaders in engineering — leaders who not merely have technical expertise, but also a deep sense of sympathy and environmental responsibility. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Is that Big Ben? At the Science Museum’s amazing exhibition, a tall mechanical clock 11 a spire (尖顶) and a four-faced base catches the eye. This is a “zimingzhong,” or “self-striking bell,” a type of clock collected by Chinese emperors. Twenty-three such clocks, borrowed from Beijing’s Palace Museum 12 shown in Britain for the first time, are now on display in South Kensington. In the 18th century, British merchants eager for Chinese silk and tea decided to promote their country’s clockmakers. Skilled clockmakers like James Cox 13 (know) how to make luxury clocks with complex parts that could ring and move. Some could even play music, 14 (earn) them the old British name “sing-songs”. Chinese emperors loved these “foreign 15 (curiosity)” and asked for them as gifts. To say zimingzhong are complicated is to understate their 16 (grand). Decorated with gold, glass, and materials like kingfisher feathers, they shine with richness. To modern viewers, they look fancy and almost over-the-top, like glittering jewels. These clocks were meant to surprise: one has lotus petals (花瓣) that can open 17 (show) tiny figures inside. 18 (sad), because they are so old and delicate, the zimingzhong at the Science Museum must remain silent and still. However, a recorded sound of ticks and bells creates 19 magical atmosphere. Though they may not fit modern tastes, they are wonderful, just 20 the Qianlong Emperor said: “heavenly made”. 答案 I.1.instantly, 2.preference ，preferred 3.persuasion ，persuasive，persuade 4. switches，5.warned ，warning 6.efficient ，efficiently ，efficiency 7.absent, absence 8.arguing II.1.opposed 2.obey 3.persuade 4.available 5.resist 6.combining 7.critically 8.advocates 9.predicted 10.emphasis III. 1. as I don’t know how to adjust the vocabulary and grammar 2. it a good chance to promote 3. will be studying in America 4..since he had told me a lie IV. A 【答案】 1．brought 2．to restore 3．testing 4．As 5．which 6．global 7．faced 8．truly 9．what 10．is intended 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了2025年FIRST机器人竞赛上海赛区的情况及机器人竞赛的意义。 1．考查时态。句意：3月14日至17日举行的2025年FIRST机器人竞赛上海赛区，汇集了来自多个国家和地区的近1000名高中生。根据from March 14 to 17可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用bring“带来”的过去式。故填brought。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：今年的主题是“珊瑚礁景观”，要求学生们设计和编程机器人来恢复海洋生态系统。本句谓语为challenged，此处为非谓语动词，此处应用restore“恢复”的不定式，作目的状语。故填to restore。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：任务包括移植人造珊瑚和收集模拟藻类，这既考验了技术技能，也考验了环保意识。本句谓语为included，此处为非谓语动词，test“测试”在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处表示自然而然地结果，故应用现在分词，作状语。故填testing。 4．考查介词。句意：作为世界上最高水平的青少年机器人竞赛，FRC要求掌握先进技术，但Iron-Pulse队的队长梅凯表示，只有通过强大的团队合作才能实现。表示“作为”应用介词as，句首单词首字母要大写。故填As。 5．考查定语从句。句意：作为世界上最高水平的青少年机器人竞赛，FRC要求掌握先进技术，但Iron-Pulse队的队长梅凯表示，只有通过强大的团队合作才能实现。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰上文整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 6．考查形容词。句意：实际上，为了促进全球社区的发展，这种合作精神也超越了国籍。修饰后文名词community，应用形容词global“全球地”，作定语。故填global。 7．考查状语从句中的省略。句意：“当面对强大的竞争对手时，我们都一起进步，”Violet Z队的成员郭雪说。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it，且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的When引导的时间状语从句完整句子为When we are _____ (face) with strong competitors，省略we are，保留过去分词。be faced with 是固定短语，意为“面对”，故应用过去分词faced。故填faced。 8．考查副词。句意：“我们希望向来自世界各地的参与者展示我们的热情和开放，我真诚地希望展示中国人民和当代中国的形象，让每个人看到中国高中生和机器人团队的真实面貌，”她补充道。修饰后文动词hope，应用副词truly“真地”，作状语。故填truly。 9．考查宾语从句。句意：“我们希望向来自世界各地的参与者展示我们的热情和开放，我真诚地希望展示中国人民和当代中国的形象，让每个人看到中国高中生和机器人团队的真实面貌，”她补充道。此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少like的宾语，指物，故应用what引导。故填what。 10．考查动词语态和主谓一致。句意：毕竟，FRC旨在培养下一代工程领域的领导者——这些领导者不仅拥有专业技术，而且具有深厚的同情心和环境责任感。句子陈述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语FRC与intend“打算”构成被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为FRC，be动词用is。故填is intended。 B 【答案】 11．with 12．and 13．knew 14．earning 15．curiosities 16．grandness 17．to show 18．Sadly 19．a 20．as 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述故宫珍贵钟表首次赴英展出。 11．考查介词。句意：在科学博物馆令人惊叹的展览中，一座带有尖顶和四面底座的高大机械钟吸引了人们的眼球。此处表示“带有”，使用介词with，故填with。 12．考查连词。句意：从北京故宫博物院借来的23个这样的时钟首次在英国展出，现在在南肯辛顿展出。borrowed from Beijing’s Palace Museum和shown in Britain for the first time是并列的短语，使用and连接，故填and。 13．考查一般过去时。句意：像James Cox这样熟练的钟表匠知道如何用复杂的部件制造出可以响铃和移动的豪华钟表。根据句意及从句中could可知此处是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故填knew。 14．考查非谓语动词。句意：有些甚至可以播放音乐，因此它们在英国被称为“sing-songs”。earn的逻辑主语是前面的句子，两者之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填earning。 15．考查名词复数。句意：中国皇帝喜欢这些“外国珍品”，并要求将它们作为礼物。curiosity在句中意为“珍品”，为可数名词，由these可知应用名词复数形式，故填curiosities。 16．考查名词。句意：说自鸣钟复杂是低估了它们的宏伟。空处作宾语，前面有形容词性物主代词修饰，应填名词形式，故填grandness。 17．考查非谓语动词。句意：这些钟是为了给人惊喜：其中一个钟的莲花花瓣可以打开，露出里面的小数字。结合句意可知，此处表示目的，使用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to show。 18．考查副词。句意：遗憾的是，由于它们如此古老和脆弱，科学博物馆的自鸣钟必须保持沉默和静止。空处作状语修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，首字母应大写，故填Sadly。 19．考查冠词。句意：然而，一个记录的滴答声和钟声创造了一个神奇的氛围。此处泛指“一个神奇的氛围”，应用不定冠词，故填a。 20．考查定语从句。句意：虽然它们可能不符合现代人的口味，但它们是美妙的，正如乾隆皇帝所说：“天工”。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是后面的主句内容，关系词在从句中作宾语，表示“正如”，使用关系代词as引导，故填as。 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 选必一Unit2 (知识全梳理&考点精准练) 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：一、高频词变形速通； 二、语境为王-短语指南 三、 核心词通关攻略 练习题 讲典例：重点句型精讲精练 练考点 强知识：核心词考点加强练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 一、高频词变形速通 1. persuade(=convince) vt.劝说;说服→persuasion n.劝说 → persuasive(=convincing) adj.有说 服力;劝说的 2. distant adj.遥远的;疏远的;心不在焉的 →distance n.距离;远方vt.疏远;把···甩在后面 3.secure adj.安全的;安心的;可靠的 vt.获得;拴牢;保护 →insecure adj.缺乏信心的;不安全 →security n.保护措施;安全工作 4. automatic adj.自动的 →automatically adv.自动地 5. integrated adj.各部分密切协调的;综合的→integrate vi.＆vt.(使)合并;成为一体 6. sensor n.传感器 →sense n.意识;感觉vt.感觉到;意识到;理解 →sensory adj.感觉的→ sensitive adj. 敏感的 7. efficient adj.效率高的 →efficiency n.效率;功率 →inefficient adj.低效率的 8. preference n.爱好;偏爱 →prefer v.更喜欢 →preferred adj.首选的 9. instant n.瞬间(=moment);片刻adj.立即的;速食的 →instantly adv.立即;立刻 10. command n.指令;命令;控制vt.命令;控制 →commander n.指挥官 11. obey (=observe)vi.＆vt.服从;遵守 →disobey vi.＆vt.不服从;不遵守 12.warning n.警告;先兆 → warn vi.＆vt.警告 13. constant(=continuous) adj.不断的;重复的;不变的n.常数;常量 →constantly adv.不断地 14. critical adj.批判的，极重要的，关键的；严重的，病重的 →critic n. 批判家 →criticize v. 批判→critically adv. 批判性地，严重地 15. abnormal adj.不正常的;反常的 →normal adj.正常的 16. potentially adv.潜在地;可能地 →potential adj.可能的;潜在的n.潜力;可能性 17. electrical adj.电的;用电的 →electricity n.电力;电流 →electric adj.电的;发电的;导电的 →electronic adj.电子的 18. wiring n.电线线路 →wire n.电线;金属丝(或线)vt.接通电源;将···连接到 → wireless adj.无线的 →wired adj.有线的,联网的;极其兴奋的 19. detect vt.发现;查明 →detector n.检测器 →detective n.侦探 →detection n.侦查;察觉 →undetected adj.未被发现的 20. relevant adj.有关的 →relevance n.关联;相关性→relevantly adv.有关联地→irrelevant adj.无关的 21. innovate vt.改革;创新 →innovation n.创新;创造 →innovative adj.创新的;革新的 22. crime n.犯罪 →criminal adj.犯罪的n.罪犯 23. combine vt.＆vi.(使)结合;混合 →combination n.结合;结合物 →combined adj. 结合的；合并的 24. predict vt.预测→prediction n.预测;预言→predictable adj.可预见的→unpredictable adj.不可预测的 25. occupy vt.占据→occupation n.职业;占领→occupied adj.已占用的;无空的 26. oppose →opposed adj.强烈反对的;截然不同 → n. opposition 反对；对抗 27. absence n.不在;缺乏;缺席 →absent adj.缺席的,缺少的,不在场的 28. advocate vt．提倡;支持;拥护n.提倡者;支持者→advocation n.拥护,支持 29. resist vi.＆vt.抵制;抵挡→resistance n.抵抗,反对→resistant adj.有抵抗力的 30. accurate adj.精确的;准确的→accuracy n.准确(性) 31. library n.图书馆→ librarian n.图书管理员 32. emphasize(=stress=highlight=underline) vt.强调;加强语气;重读→emphasis n.强调;加强语气;重读 二、语境为王-短语指南 1. look into the future 展望未来 2. pros and cons 正反两方面；赞成者和反对者 3. in one’s opinion 在…看来 4. be meant to do sth 意在做某事, 应该做某事 5. give tips on (doing) sth 给出关于…的建议 6. intended audience 目标读者 7. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 8. switch off （用开关）关掉；切断（电源） 9. all the time 始终，一直 10. lead to 导致；通向 11. in the not-too-distant future 在不太遥远的将来 12. keep us secure 让我们安全 13. save energy 节省能源 14. remote controls 遥控（器） 15. air conditioners 空调；冷气机 16. advanced technology 先进技术 17. automatic control [自] 自动控制 18. integrated sensors 集成传感器 19. energy-efficient mode 节能模式 20. all by oneself 靠自己；独立，单独 21. no longer 不再 22. on and off 断断续续地，不时地 13. daily routine 日常习惯 14. be ready for 为…做准备 15. come on 开始运转（运行） 16. the instant that 一…就 17. along with 连同…一起；与…一道；除了… 18. prepare for 为…准备，使有准备 19. respond to 响应, 回答 20. regular health checks 定期健康检查 21. in addition 另外，此外 22. keep track of 记录；与…保持联系 23. as well 也；同样地 24. early on 在初期，早先 25. provide sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物 26. fix the problem 解决问题 27. catch fire 着火 28. in this sense 从这个意义上来说 29. in a sense 在某种意义上 30. build up 增进，加强 31. big data 大数据 32. come true 实现，成真；成为现实 33. take care to do sth 注意；小心做某事 34. combine…with/and... 把…结合在一起 35. benefit from 得益于；因…而得到好处 36. can’t help but do sth 忍不住要做某事 37. It is a good habit to do sth 做某事是一个好习惯 38. make certain 弄清楚；弄确实 39. send out 发送；派遣；放出 40. leak oil 漏油 41. set off 出发；引起；动身；使爆炸 42. hang out 挂出；闲逛 43. go sightseeing 去观光 44. It takes sb+time to do sth. 花某人时间做某事。 45. apologise for 为…道歉 46. on the one hand 一方面 47. on the other hand 另一方面 48. in the absence of 缺乏，无…时 49. in the distant future 在遥远的未来 50. It could even be argued that... 甚至可以说 51. rather than 而不是；宁可…也不愿 52. keep in touch (with)... (与…)保持联络 53. even if 即使；虽然 54. on opposite sides of 在…的对面 55. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 56. benefit quite a lot from 获益颇多 57. technological advances 技术进步 58. look on (…as) 看待 59. make accurate predictions about 对…作出准确的预测 60. I couldn’t agree more 我完全同意 61. place/lay more emphasis on 强调；把重点放在 62. get a high-paying job 找一份高薪的工作 63. have the luxury of doing sth 有幸/难得能享受…的机会 64. cut down   削减；砍倒 65. in place of 代替 66. be made from 由…制成 67. put your mind at rest 放心 68. persuade sb to do sth =persuade sb into doing sth. 说服某人做某事 69. persuade sb not to dosth =persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事 70. have a preference for... 对...偏爱 71. have a good command of+语言 精通某门语言 72. resist doing sth 抵制做某事 73. cease doing sth 停止做某事 74. oppose doing sth 反对做某事 75. be opposed to doing sth 反对做某事 76. be relevant to= be related to 与...有关 三、核心词通关攻略 1. persuade /pə'sweɪd/ vt. 劝说；说服 考频：★★★ For example, the phrase in my opinion tells us that the passage is likely meant to persuade. (P14) 例如，在我看来，这句话告诉我们，这篇文章很可能是为了说服我们。 【拓展】 persuade sb. to do sth. = persuade sb. into (doing) sth. 说服某人做某事 persuade sb. (not) to do sth. = persuade sb. out of (doing) sth. 说服某人不做某事 persuade sb. of ... = persuade sb. (that) 使某人信服 【例句】 I managed to persuade my classmates into accepting my idea. 我设法说服了同学们接受我的想法。 It will be difficult to persuade them that there’s no other choice. 很难让他们相信别无选择。 2. switch /swɪtʃ/ vt. 转换；交换 vi. & vt. （使）改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 考频：★★★ Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer? (P14) 或是你忘记过关掉电视或电脑吗？ 【拓展】 switch off 关（电灯、机器等） switch on 开（电灯、机器等） switch over （方法、产品等）改变，转变；转换（电台或电视频道） 【例句】 Don’t forget to switch off before you go. 离开之前别忘记关掉开关。 We’ve switched over to telephone banking. 我们已经改用电话银行服务了。 3. distant /ˈdɪstənt/ adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；心不在焉的 考频：★★★ However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. (P14) 然而在不久的将来，我们将生活在智能的家里。智能的家会在我们外出时锁好家门，会在我们忘记关掉电视的时候替我们关上。 【拓展】 distant view 远景 distant cousin 远表兄妹 distance n. 距离；（距离的）遥远；（时间的）久远 in the distance 在远处 The airport was about 20 kilometres distant. 机场在大约20公里远的地方。 4.automatic /ˌɔːtəˈmætɪk/ adj. 自动的 考频：★☆☆ In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home. (P14) 未来，我们每天都能使用先进的技术来自动控制家里几乎所有的东西。 【拓展】 a fully automatic driverless train 全自动无人驾驶列车 automatic doors 自动门 automatic teller machine (ATM) 自动取款机 【例句】 The heating system in the hotel has an automatic temperature control. 旅馆里的取暖系统是自动调温的。 My camera is fully automatic. 我的照相机是全自动的。 5. integrated /'ɪntɪɡreɪtɪd/ adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的 考频：★★☆ The future home will use integrated sensors to tell when you leave home each morning, and then go into an energy-efficient mode all by itself. (P14) 未来的住宅将使用集成传感器来感应你每天早晨何时出门，然后自动进入节能模式。 【拓展】 an integrated public transport system 综合公共交通体系 a racially integrated community 各种族和谐相处的社区 integrate vi. & vt. （使）合并；成为一体 integration n. 结合；整合；一体化 【例句】 My grandfather started the first integrated elementary school in Tennessee. 我的外祖父创办了田纳西州的第一所综合性小学。 【拓展】 6. preference /ˈprefrəns/ n. 爱好；偏爱 考频：★★★ Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. (P14) 你的住宅还能了解你的日程安排和喜好，所以每天晚上你回到家时，一切都已经准备就绪。 【搭配】 have/show (a) preference for ... 偏爱…… give (a) preference to 优待 personal preference 个人喜好 【例句】 If you have a preference for jazz, your smart home will play jazz the instant you get home. 如果你偏爱爵士音乐，你一回家智能家居就会播放爵士音乐。 7. warning /ˈwɔːnɪŋ/ n. 警告；警示；先兆 考频：★★☆ If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a warning to your phone. (P15) 如果你开始有睡眠或体重问题，它会将警告发到你的手机上。 【拓展】 give/sound a warning 发出警告 written/verbal warning 书面/口头警告 【例句】 She had ignored the warning signs of trouble ahead. 她没有理会警示前方危险的标志。 【拓展】 warn v. 警告，告诫；提醒 warn (sb) against sth （因可能有危险或产生不良结果而）告诫（某人）不要做(某事) warn sb off doing sth 告诫（某人）不要做（某事） 8. constant /ˈkɒnstənt/ adj. 不断的；重复的；不变的 n. 常数；常量 考频：★★☆ Smart toilets will be keeping constant track of your health as well. (P15) 智能马桶也会持续跟踪你的健康状况。 【拓展】 a constant stream of visitors all day 整天络绎不绝的游客 【例句】 There was a constant stream of visitors to the house. 去看这幢房子的游客川流不息。 He kept in constant contact with his family while he was in Australia. 他在澳大利亚时一直和家人保持着联系。 Babies need constant attention. 婴儿一刻也离不开人。 9. potential /pə'tenʃl/ adj. 可能的；潜在的 n. 潜力；可能性考频：★★☆ 【拓展】 achieve/fulfil/realize your (full) potential 发挥你的（全部）潜力 potentially adv. 潜在地；可能地 【例句】 First we need to identify actual and potential problems. 首先，我们需要弄清实际的问题和潜在的问题。 The company certainly has the potential for growth. 那家公司当然有发展潜力。 She has the potential to become a champion. 她有潜力成为冠军。 All children should be encouraged to realize their full potential. 应当鼓励所有的儿童充分发挥他们的潜能。 10. crime /kraɪm/ n. 犯罪活动；不法行为 考频：★☆☆ 【拓展】 commit crime 犯罪 combat/fight crime 打击犯罪活动 crime prevention 防止犯罪的措施 crime rate 犯罪率 victim of crime 犯罪受害人 【例句】 We need to focus more on crime prevention. 我们需要更加注重预防犯罪。 Women commit far less crime than men. 女性犯罪大大少于男性。 11. combine /kəmˈbaɪn/ vi. & vt. （使）结合；混合 考频：★★☆ Care will also be taken to combine the building and the surrounding architecture together to form an effective system. (P16) 此外，还要注意将建筑物和周围的建筑物组合在一起，以形成一个有效的系统。 【拓展】 combine ... and/with ... 把……与……结合起来 associate/connect ... with ... 把……和……联系起来 relate ... to ... 将……和……联系起来；与……有关 【例句】 Smart homes combine technology and health firmly. 智能家居将科技与健康紧密联系在一起。 12. predict /prɪˈdɪkt/ vt. 预测；预言；预料 考频：★★☆ 【拓展】 prediction n. 预测，预言 predictable adj. 可预见的；可预料的 【例句】 Nobody could predict the outcome. 谁也无法预料结果如何。 It is impossible to predict what will happen. 预知未来的事是不可能的。 The trial is predicted to last for months. 预料审讯将持续数月之久。 13. forecast /ˈfɔːˌkɑːst/ vt. & n. 预测；预报 考频：★★☆ 【拓展】 weather forecast 天气预测，天气预报 the company’s annual sales forecast 公司的年销售预测 demand forecast 需求预测 【例句】 The forecast said there would be sunny intervals and showers. 预报间晴，有阵雨。 It is difficult to forecast how the markets will react. 很难预测市场会有什么样的反应。 The situation with the fires is developing negatively, as forecasts warned. 根据预报的警告，大火情况正在往不好的方向发展。 14. occupation /ˌɒkju'peɪʃn/ n. 职业；占领 考频：★★☆ 【拓展】 occupy v. （军事）占领，占据；任职，位居；使用（房屋、建筑），居住 occupied adj. （床、椅子、房间等）已被占用的；（地方）被占领的，遭侵占的；忙于……的，从事……的 【例句】 Please state your name, age and occupation below. 请在下面写明姓名、年龄和职业。 Notre Dame survived the violence and the occupation of war. 巴黎圣母院在暴力和战争占领中幸免于难。 15.oppose /əˈpəʊz/ vt. 反对；抵制；阻挠 考频：★★☆ In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. (P20) 在这篇报道中，多位人士表示公众应该反对发展无人驾驶汽车这一想法。 【拓展】 oppose (doing) sth. 反对（做）某事 as opposed to （表示对比）而不是 【例句】 I would oppose changing the law. 我将反对改变这个法规。 This exercise develops suppleness as opposed to strength. 这项锻炼不是增强力量，而是增强柔韧性的。 16. cease /siːs/ vi. & vt.（使）停止；终止 考频：★☆☆ Hence, we should cease accepting technology just because it is new. (P20) 所以，我们应停止仅仅因为技术是新的就接受它。 【拓展】 cease trading/production/operations 停止交易/生产/经营 wonders will never cease (informal) （表示惊喜）真是无奇不有，怪事何其多 【例句】 Welfare payments cease as soon as an individual starts a job. 一旦就业，即停发福利救济。 “I’ve cleaned my room.” “Wonders will never cease!” “我把我的房间打扫干净了。”“怎么太阳从西边出来了！” The things people will do for charity never cease to amaze me. 人们为慈善事业做的好事总是让我很惊讶。 17. absence /'æbsəns/ n. 不存在；缺乏；缺席 考频：★★☆ On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. (P20) 一方面，世界上有许多不同群体的人，在没有新技术的情况下依然过着幸福的生活。 【拓展】 in/during sb’s absence 当某人不在的时候；缺席 in absence of ... 缺乏…… 【例句】 The decision was made in my absence. 这个决定是我不在的时候做出的。 The case was dismissed in the absence of any definite proof. 此案因缺乏确凿证据而不予受理。 18. advocate /'ædvəkeɪt/ vt. 提倡；支持；拥护 n. 提倡者；支持者；拥护者考频：★★☆ They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. (P20) 他们提倡简朴的生活，强调实干、家庭和社区。 【拓展】 advocate (sb) doing sth. 提倡/主张（某人）做某事 advocate that sb. (should) do sth. 提倡……做某事 【例句】 Many experts advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour. 很多专家主张对小孩的良好表现加以奖励。 We advocate that we should embrace new technologies. 我们倡导应当拥抱新科技。 19. emphasis /ˈemfəsɪs/ n. 强调；重视；重要性 （pl. emphases） 考频：★★☆ They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. (P20) 他们提倡简朴的生活，强调实干、家庭和社区。 【拓展】 emphasis on 着重于；对……的强调 put/place/lay emphasis on 重视；强调；把重点放在…… emphasize/emphasise vt. 着重；强调 【例句】 He placed great emphasis on the importance of family life and ties. 他非常重视家庭生活和家庭纽带。 High schools should lay emphasis on the cultivation of students’ interpersonal communication skills. 高中应重视培养学生的人际交往能力。 20. keep in touch (with) （与……）保持联系；了解（某课题或领域的情况） 考频：★★☆ Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. (P20) 此外，互联网使朋友和家人即使天各一方也能轻松保持联系。 【拓展】 be/get in touch (with sb) （与……）有（或进行）联系 【例句】 So how do you keep in touch with each other? 那么你们是怎么保持联系的呢？ Let’s keep in touch. 咱们保持联系。 It is important to keep in touch with the latest research. 及时了解最新研究情况很重要。 21. prospect /ˈprɒspekt/ n. 可能性；前景 考频：★★☆ Of course, when new technology changes the way we live, it can be a scary prospect. (P20) 当然，当新技术改变我们的生活方式时，它可能会产生出一个让人担惊受怕的前景。 【拓展】 an exciting prospect 令人兴奋的前景 good job/employment/career prospects 美好的工作／就业／事业前途 【例句】 There is every prospect (=a strong possibility) of the weather remaining dry this week. 本周天气很有可能持续干燥。 How do your job prospects look now? 你目前的工作前景如何呢？ 24. resist /rɪˈzɪst/ vi. & vt. 抵制；反抗；抵挡 考频：★★☆ Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it. (P20) 然而，我将始终着眼于变革的积极一面，接受变革，而不是抗拒变革。 【拓展】 resist doing sth 反对/抵制做某事 can’t resist (doing) sth 忍不住/抵抗不住做某事 resistance n. 抵制；反对；抗拒 armed resistance 武装反抗 【例句】 Only by accepting science and technology instead of resisting it can we promote social progress. 接纳科技而非抵制科技才能促进社会的进步。 1．单句语法填空 ①Adam Smith was the first person ________ (see) the importance of the division of labour. ②Do you have anything ________ (say) about the question? ③If the building project _______________ (complete) by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined. ④Volunteering gives you a chance ________ (change) people's life, including your own. ⑤The next train ________ (arrive) is from New York. 2. 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It’s easy to get lost when you drive in a new city, so it is important to study a good map ________ you set out. ②If you miss this chance, ________ may be years before you get another one. 真是对不起让你久等了，但是还要过一段时间你才能拿到你的护照。 ③I’m sorry you have been waiting so long, but it will still be some time ______________________. ④如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。 If you miss this chance, _______________________you get another one. ⑤不久我们就会习惯新的学校生活。 ________________________we get used to the new school life. ⑥过了三天他才回来。 It was three days___________________________________． ⑦很长一段时间后她才从手术中康复。 ______________________________ she recovered from the operation. ⑧我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。 My father had left for Canada just _______________________________. 考点1： persuade的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He tried to persuade his son _________ (study)hard, but failed. ②We finally persuaded Ben _______ the wisdom of this decision. ③I managed to persuade my classmates into___________ (accept)my idea. ④我们说服了他不把钱借给那个人。 We ______________________________________ his money to that man. ⑤我将说服他把药吃下去。 I shall____________________________________． 【答案】to study；of; accepting; persuaded him not to lend/out of lending; persuade him to take the medicine 考点2：switch的用法[考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①She switched ________ the lamp because it was dark. ②He was so stubborn that he refused to make________ switch. ③我们问他们是否愿意和我们调换位置。We asked them if they would___________________________． ④你出门前要把电视关掉。__________________________ before you go out. ⑤遥控器让你在不同的电视频道之间轻松地转换。 The remote control allows you _________________ between TV channels. ⑥When the water is stopped, a blower _________is automatically____________, and it blows out hot air to dry the clothes. 水停后，吹风机开关自动打开，并吹出热风吹干衣服。 考点3. prefer的用法[考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ① In considering people for the job, we give __________ (prefer)to those with some experience. ② She has a preference________ blue, while I like red better. ③ 她愿意学小提琴而不是钢琴。She chose to learn the violin_________________________． ④ 通过数学与化学考试的学生优先考虑。 __________________________ students who have passed maths and chemistry test. ⑤Although a few clients contact me by telephone, most _______to deal with me through e­mail, which I ____________________． 虽然有几个客户会用电话联系我，但大多数客户还是选择通过电子邮件和我交流，电子邮件是我偏爱的交流途径。 考点4： instant的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/句型转换 ①Just for ________ instant I thought he was going to refuse. ②________ instant you turn it on, you’ll get boiling water from our instant boiling water tap. ③Immediately, a car pulled over and a young woman jumped out. →_____________________, a car pulled over and a young woman jumped out. ④He told me the news as soon as he met me. →He told me the news____________________________． 考点5：resist的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ① As they suppose, there has been a lot of ___________(resist)to this plan. ② Some government officials weren't resistant ________ the temptation of money, and were punished by law in the end. ③ 她到那里时，禁不住想走进去。 When she got to the place, she__________________________． ④ 如果我们抵触那些被列为不开心的事情，这会导致更多的抗拒，也就会导致更多的不开心。 If we ________the feelings that we categorize as unpleasant, it simply causes__________________, leading to more unhappiness. ⑤ 我忍不住把那个秘密告诉了他。 I couldn’t resist______________________． 考点6：warning的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 ❶Local people received a __________ that a heavy storm would arrive. 当地人收到警报说一场大的暴风雨就要来临。 ❷The government issues a __________ that those who won’t pay income taxes will be fined. 政府发出了警告，凡不缴纳所得税的人将被罚款。 ❸I just wanted to get more information for my report to warn more girls never________________(fool). ❹He has been warned ________danger of driving after drinking wine. 他已被提醒过酒后开车危险。 ❺When I had my first baby, friends_______________________________. 当我有了第一个孩子时，朋友们提醒我说养孩子是很花钱的。 【名师点津】用于v.＋sb. of (doing) sth.结构的常用词汇还有： inform (通知); accuse (指控); remind (提醒); cure (治愈); suspect (怀疑); rob (抢劫) 考点7：combine的用法 [考向]固定搭配+词性转换 ① The club is supported by a ____________ (combine) of people from all social classes. ②We can’t always combine work ________ pleasure. ③他们把两个小店合成一个大的。They____________________________________． ④理论和实践应该结合好，这让一个学生成为合格的学习者。 Theory and practice____________________________, which makes a student a qualified learner. ⑤The relay is the most exciting race in track and field competition, a ___________of speed and technique, and the ability to ________ individual running ________team precision in passing the baton. 在径赛与田赛项目中，接力赛是最激动人心的比赛。它是速度与技术的结合，个人速度与团队准确传递接力棒之能力的结合。 考点8：predict的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①This trend can be predicted ___________(continue)throughout 2020 and well into 2030. ②It _____________ (predict)that the number of people who can benefit from his research will come to 1，000，000 a year. ③要准确地预言这会有什么影响是不可能的。 It is not possible____________________________________． ④我最喜欢历史，因为它有助于我鉴往知来。 I like history most, because it helps me __________________by reviewing the past. 考点9： oppose 的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/句型转换 ①We oppose _________(settle)this matter by force. ②Many old men are opposed to __________(cut)down the 100­year­old tree for rebuilding a shopping center. ③This exercise develops suppleness(柔韧性)as __________(oppose)to strength. ④Do you oppose my speaking to him about it？＝ _______________________my speaking to him about it? 考点10： absence的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Mr. White has been absent ________ work for days, so he knows nothing about our plan. ②Her absence________ mind during driving nearly caused an accident. ③Please look after my house during my _________(absent). ④他经常缺课都是因为他的病。 His frequent ______________________ is all because of his illness. ⑤关于他缺席的原因有很多传言。 There has been much gossip about the possible reasons ________________． ⑥Many elderly people would, however, like to own a pet but sadly suitable support in the form of daily care, housing or finance______________． 然而，许多老年人喜欢养宠物，但遗憾的是，在日常护理、合适的住房或财务方面缺乏适当的支持。 考点11：advocate的用法 [考向] 固定搭配+词性转换 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Many experts advocate____________ (reward) your child for good behaviour. ②People advocate that something ______________(do) to protect the environment.＝People advocate________ (do) something to protect the environment. ③他是一个多造飞机、少造军舰的拥护者。 He is _______________more planes and fewer warships. ④我不支持建立大工厂。 I do not advocate___________________________． 考点12：get touch with的用法 [考向] 固定搭配 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①I've lost touch _________ all my old friends. ②I'm trying to get ________ touch with Jane. Do you have her number? ③实话告诉你，我和大部分的老朋友都失去了联系。 To be frank with you, I’ve been ______________________most of my old friends. ④保安人员与当地警方保持密切联系。 The security staff were_____________________ the local police. ⑤你离开后，要确保与我联系。 Be sure ______________________________ while you are away. 知识导图记忆 I.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空) (每小题2分，共16分) 1．The little boy broke away from me (instant) he saw his mother. 2．In the past，I had a for physics.In other words，I to study it.(prefer) 3．Although his is ，it can’t me to change my mind.(persuade) 4．The woman often (switch) on the computer the instant she gets home. 5．I him not to skate on such thin ice，but he ignored my .(warn) 6．As an secretary，she can organize various jobs and improve her .(efficient) 7．He has been from school for some days，so I think his will result in his bad performances in the exam.(absence) 8．There’s no sense (argue) with such a stubborn person. II.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词) (每小题1分，共10分) 1．There are a few students in support of the decision，but all the rest are o to it. 2．Some students do not think it vital to o the traffic rules. 3．If she insists on not going，nothing you can say will p her. 4．Many lessons are now a online，from which students can choose for free.(2020·江苏) 5．Instantly I saw an ice cream，I couldn’t r buying it. 6．Apparently， (使结合) my job with my little children is rather difficult for me. 7．Learning to think (批判性地) is an important skill today’s children will need for the future. 8．Our school (倡议) that we should commit ourselves to building a low-carbon campus. (应用文之倡议书) 9．They (预测) the bad environmental consequences ten years ago. 10．I have to put (强调) on learning oral English. Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共12分) 1．我写信寻求您对我们的英语短剧的指导，因为我不知道如何调整剧情的词汇和语法。(as引导的原因状语从句)(应用文之求助信) I’m writing to ask for your guidance on our English short play， of the plot. 2．更重要的是，我认为这是一个促进中国文化和发展我的能力的好机会。(it作形式宾语) More importantly，I consider the Chinese culture and develop my ability. 3．十天后，我将正在美国学习。 In ten days，I . 4．我怒火中烧，双手颤抖，因为他向我撒谎了。(since引导原因状语从句) I boiled with anger，with my hands trembling， . IV. 语篇填空 A 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 High schoolers from around the world recently proved robotics isn’t just about building machines — it’s about tackling real-world challenges. The 2025 FIRST Robotics Competition (FRC) Shanghai Regional, held from March 14 to 17, 1 (bring) together nearly 1,000 high school students representing multiple countries and regions. This year’s theme, “Reefscape”, challenged students to design and program robots 2 (restore) marine ecosystems. Tasks included transplanting artificial corals and collecting simulated algae, 3 (test) both technical skills and environmental awareness. 4 the world’s highest-level youth robotics competition, FPC demands mastery of advanced technology, 5 , according to Mei Kai, the captain of Iron-Pulse, is only possible through strong teamwork. Actually, to promote a 6 (globe) community, this spirit of cooperation also goes beyond nationalities. “When 7 (face) with strong competitors, we all improve together,” said Guo Xue, a member from Violet Z. “We want to demonstrate our enthusiasm and openness to participants from all over the world, and I 8 (true) hope to present the image of Chinese people and contemporary China, letting everyone see 9 Chinese high school students and robotics teams are really like,” she added. After all, FRC 10 (intend) to cultivate the next generation of leaders in engineering — leaders who not merely have technical expertise, but also a deep sense of sympathy and environmental responsibility. B 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Is that Big Ben? At the Science Museum’s amazing exhibition, a tall mechanical clock 11 a spire (尖顶) and a four-faced base catches the eye. This is a “zimingzhong,” or “self-striking bell,” a type of clock collected by Chinese emperors. Twenty-three such clocks, borrowed from Beijing’s Palace Museum 12 shown in Britain for the first time, are now on display in South Kensington. In the 18th century, British merchants eager for Chinese silk and tea decided to promote their country’s clockmakers. Skilled clockmakers like James Cox 13 (know) how to make luxury clocks with complex parts that could ring and move. Some could even play music, 14 (earn) them the old British name “sing-songs”. Chinese emperors loved these “foreign 15 (curiosity)” and asked for them as gifts. To say zimingzhong are complicated is to understate their 16 (grand). Decorated with gold, glass, and materials like kingfisher feathers, they shine with richness. To modern viewers, they look fancy and almost over-the-top, like glittering jewels. These clocks were meant to surprise: one has lotus petals (花瓣) that can open 17 (show) tiny figures inside. 18 (sad), because they are so old and delicate, the zimingzhong at the Science Museum must remain silent and still. However, a recorded sound of ticks and bells creates 19 magical atmosphere. Though they may not fit modern tastes, they are wonderful, just 20 the Qianlong Emperor said: “heavenly made”. 18 / 18 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$