专题04 说明文阅读（精选模考真题新题）（贵州专用）-【好题汇编】2025年中考英语一模试题分类汇编

专题04 说明文阅读 目录 1.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）本文以野火为例，阐述自然的两面性 1 2.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）介绍了老年护理机器人的应用和发展前景。 3 3.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）介绍了奥运会带给人们的体育精神与热情，讲述了在2024年巴黎奥运会之前复苏的“服务生竞走比赛”，并阐述了该比赛与奥运会之间的关联以及对人们热爱运动的激发。 5 4.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）围绕“是否所有学生都应该学习一种乐器”展开讨论，介绍了支持和反对的两种观点，并在最后给出中立的建议。 6 5.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）介绍了习语是一种以有趣或不寻常的方式描述情况的表达。有趣的是，习语的含义与单个单词的含义不同。 8 6.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）主要介绍了中国印章的历史、材质、雕刻方式及古今用途，阐明其作为中国传统文化艺术重要组成部分的地位。 10 7.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）介绍了中国第一个大型语言模型。 11 8.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）主要解释了人们在同一天会感受到不同温度的原因，包括人体皮肤的传感器、身体脂肪含量、身高以及新陈代谢等因素对人体感知温度的影响。 13 9.（2025·贵州遵义·一模）主要讲述了2024年十大流行短语，这些短语涵盖了科技、AI、社会伦理、年轻一代和老年人等多个领域，反映了社会发展和公众关注的变化。 15 10.（2025·贵州遵义·一模）文章主要讲述了食物里程的概念及其对环境的影响，并呼吁人们关注食物的来源和运输方式，以减少对环境的负面影响。 17 11.（2025·贵州遵义·一模）讲述了全球捐赠的衣物最终成为垃圾，尤其是加纳的海滩被衣物垃圾覆盖，对环境和经济造成了严重影响。文章还提到了快时尚浪费的现状及其对环境的危害。 18 12.（2025·贵州遵义·一模）介绍了科学家计划将蟑螂改造为“半人半机器生物”，利用蟑螂强大的生存能力和适应各种环境的特点，将其应用于搜救任务中，以缩短救援时间并减少死亡人数。 20 13.（2025·贵州安顺·一模）讲述了油纸伞的发展历程。 22 14.（2025·贵州毕节·一模）报道了香港沙田新城市广场展出的全球最大乐高模型——3D版《清明上河图》。 23 15.（2025·贵州毕节·一模）主要介绍了北极地区面临的环境问题。 25 16.（2025·贵州毕节·一模）介绍了苗绣的特点、历史意义、材料及其在现代的应用。 26 17.（2025·贵州毕节·一模）围绕2025年春晚的科技创新，探讨了技术如何赋予传统文化新活力。 28 18.（2025·贵州铜仁·一模）主要讲述了不同文化中关于礼物的传统和习俗。文章通过举例说明了欧洲和中国在礼物选择、接收和处理方式上的差异，并强调了礼物的心意比其价值更重要。 30 19.（2025·贵州铜仁·一模）主要介绍了中国新型高速列车CR450的特点，包括其速度、制动系统、节能性能以及乘客舒适度等。 31 20.（2025·贵州铜仁·一模）主要介绍了中国古代的几种娱乐活动，包括捶丸、蹴鞠和射箭，并说明了这些活动的历史和文化意义。 33 1.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） Nature can be beautiful, but it can also be dangerous. Take wildfires for example, more and more wildfires have been burning recently, causing great damage (损害). Natural causes like lightning and hot sun have caused wildfires, but four out of five wildfires are started by humans. Once a wildfire starts, it burns anything in its path such as trees,bushes and even buildings. Dry weather and high winds help wildfires spread, and they can move very quickly, up to 23 km an hour. So, what should you do to prevent a wildfire? First, always be careful around fire. Follow fire safety rules in parks and public areas, especially when camping. And if you do make a fire outdoors, be sure that you put it out completely. Even if you’re careful, you should be prepared for a wildfire. If one starts in your area, check TV, radio and emergency alerts (警报) to learn what to do. Pay attention to the fire and communicate with emergency workers. Always follow their instructions. Wildfires can be scary, but did you know they can actually help a forest? The fire kills sick plants and harmful insects that have been living in the forest’s ecosystem. Certain animals do better in the burnt-out living places that fires create. And by burning trees and their leaves, wildfires allow sunlight to reach the forest floor, so light can reach seedlings and help them grow into new plants. Wildfires are dangerous and can cause a lot of damage. But they are also a part of the natural world, and they can be healthy for a forest. So, we can’t simply view them as destruction (破坏), but also as nature making room for new beginnings. 1．What can we know about wildfires? A．They often move at a speed of 23km/h. B．Four fifths of them are started by humans. C．They cannot be healthy for the forest. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Ways to prevent a wildfire. B．Natural causes of wildfires. C．Damage that a wildfire brings. 3．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Sick plants. B．Wildfires. C．Certain animals. 4．Which saying best shows the writer’s understanding of wildfires? A．Better late than never. B．Every coin has two sides. C．Think twice before you do. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文以野火为例，阐述自然的两面性。野火既会造成损害，多数由人类引发，且在干燥多风天气蔓延迅速；又介绍了预防野火的方法，同时说明野火对森林也有一定益处，如杀死病株和害虫、为新植物生长创造条件等。 1．细节理解题。根据“but four out of five wildfires are started by humans”可知，four out of five即“五分之四”，说明五分之四的野火是人类引发的。故选B。 2．主旨大意题。根据“So, what should you do to prevent a wildfire?”可知，该段主要围绕预防野火的方法展开，具体阐述了在火源附近要小心、遵守防火规则、户外用火后彻底灭火等预防措施，A选项“预防野火的方法”符合题意。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Wildfires are dangerous and can cause a lot of damage. But they are also a part of the natural world...”和前文可知，they指代前文的“Wildfires”，说明野火虽危险且造成损害，但也是自然世界的一部分，对森林有益。故选B。 4．观点态度题。通读原文可知，文章讲述野火既会造成破坏又对森林有好处，体现两面性，B选项“事物都有两面性”符合题意。故选B。 2.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), China is using AI and robots in elderly care service field, offering new ways to the challenges of an aging population. The latest data shows that China’s population aged 60 and above reached 310 million by the end of 2024. It’s about 22 percent of its total. Although elderly care robots are still in the early stage compared to industrial robots, some users have already begun to experience the convenience they offer. To serve the users better, China helped create the first international standard for elderly care robots, setting rules for their design and safety. In Shenzhen, elderly care robots are widely used in nursing homes. They play chess, give treatment, and help old people with movement. “These robots improve our lives and show us new ideas,” said Li Xipo, a nursing home director. During the Spring Festival, special robots even helped elderly people climb mountains, showing their potential (潜力) in making our lives better. Other cities are also using elderly care robots. In Shenyang, a patient learned to walk again with the robot’s help. In Chengdu, a companion (陪伴) robot named Yang Yang wakes the old each morning and reminds them of their daily activities. Soon, more elderly care robots like Yang Yang will enter the market. They will bring the elderly a better life. It is believed that the government support and the progress in AI will help the development of the elderly care robots. In the future, the care robots will be able to predict health risks and provide proactive (主动的) care just like family. 1．What does the underlined word “aging” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Growing old. B．Getting heavy. C．Becoming rich. 2．How does the writer show the advantages of using elderly care robots? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. 3．What can be inferred from the text? A．22% of China’s population are aged 60 and above. B．The elderly care robots will become more popular. C．The government will cut down its spending on robots. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．AI Helps China Develop Elderly Care Robots B．China Creates Elderly Care Robot Standard C．Smart Robots Help China’s Elderly People 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了中国在老年护理服务领域使用人工智能和机器人，以应对人口老龄化的挑战，并介绍了老年护理机器人的应用和发展前景。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第1段“With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), China is using AI and robots in elderly care service field, offering new ways to the challenges of an aging population.”可知，“aging”一词与“人口老龄化”相关，意为“变老”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“In Shenzhen, elderly care robots are widely used in nursing homes. They play chess, give treatment, and help old people with movement.”和第4段“In Shenyang, a patient learned to walk again with the robot’s help. In Chengdu, a companion robot named Yang Yang wakes the old each morning and reminds them of their daily activities.”可知，作者通过列举老年护理机器人在不同城市的具体应用来展示其优势。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第5段“It is believed that the government support and the progress in AI will help the development of the elderly care robots. In the future, the care robots will be able to predict health risks and provide proactive care just like family.”可知，随着政府支持和人工智能的进步，老年护理机器人将得到进一步发展并变得更加普及。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了中国使用智能机器人帮助老年人改善生活，并介绍了机器人在老年护理领域的应用和发展前景。选项C“Smart Robots Help China’s Elderly People”最能概括文章主旨。故选C。 3.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） The Olympic Games have become a modern sporting festival celebrated over the world. They show the energy and passion (热情) of people, because they create a chance for people to come together to take part in various sports. When watching the Olympics, people not only feel the spirit of sports, but also develop the love for sports. Before the 2024 Paris Olympics started, the games had already begun. The Waiters’ Race, a century-­old tradition in Paris, was revived (复苏) in 2024. This event was held in 1914 for the first time. On March 24th, hundreds of waiters, wearing white shirts and dark trousers, took part in this race. Each waiter in the competition carried a tray loaded with bread, an empty coffee cup, and a glass of water. Starting from the Paris City Hall, they finished a 2-kilometer route around the city. Finally, two waiters won the game. Both winners were rewarded with gold medals, tickets to the opening ceremony of the Paris Olympics on the first day, and a free stay at a Parisian hotel. To be sure, the Waiters’ Race this year served as a fun and light-­hearted warm-­up for the Olympic Games. At the same time, it was the Olympic Games that made this ancient competition come back again. People showed their love for sports and expectations for the Olympics in this competition. The Olympic Games always encourage the younger generations and awaken billions of people’s passion. 1．According to the text, people can feel ________ while watching the Olympic Games. A．the spirit of sports B．the courage of winners C．the fun of winning medals 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Winners of the competition. B．Waiters in the competition. C．The young in the Olympic Games. 3．What is the purpose of holding the Waiters’ Race according to the text? A．To call on everyone to exercise. B．To attract more people to Paris. C．To make a warm­up for the Paris Olympics. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Long History of the Waiters’ Race B．The Two Winners in the Waiters’ Race C．The Race Welcoming the Olympic Games 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了奥运会带给人们的体育精神与热情，讲述了在2024年巴黎奥运会之前复苏的“服务生竞走比赛”，并阐述了该比赛与奥运会之间的关联以及对人们热爱运动的激发。 1．细节理解题。根据“When watching the Olympics, people not only feel the spirit of sports ...”可知，人们在观看奥运会时能够感受到体育精神。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“... Starting from the Paris City Hall, they finished a 2-kilometer route ...”中，结合前文描述可知，“they”指代的是参赛的服务生。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“... this year served as a fun and light-hearted warm-up for the Olympic Games.”可知，此次服务生竞走比赛是为了给巴黎奥运会进行热身和预热。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章围绕服务生竞走比赛是如何与奥运会相呼应展开，体现了它对即将到来的奥运会的预热作用，最能概括本文主旨的是“The Race Welcoming the Olympic Games”。故选C。 4.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） Learning to play a musical instrument is hard work, but it can also be useful and fun. It’s exciting to learn new skills, and research shows that actively creating music by playing an instrument is like exercising the brain, especially when you’re young. However, that doesn’t mean everyone is cut out to play an instrument or is even interested in it. What do you think? Should all students have to play an instrument? Some parents believe that students should learn an instrument because studies show that kids who play a musical instrument do better in school. For example, musical training improves students’ math skills, and playing an instrument helps strengthen students’ thinking skills, even if they play for only a year or two. Learning to play an instrument also requires patience, imagination and practice, all of which teach lifelong skills of self­discipline (自律). Besides, learning to play music is not about meeting other people’s requests. Playing music is joyful and creative, and no one should miss out on that. Even students who don’t really care about learning an instrument may discover a hidden talent or interest. However, other parents think that not every child has access to musical instrument lessons or time for them. Many schools don’t offer free musical instrument education, and not all families can afford to pay for private lessons. Many children are simply not interested in music or aren’t very good at playing an instrument. If every child is forced to try, lessons can become a problem and they may end up disliking music. One study found that students will benefit from musical instrument lessons only if they actively show interest and attend lessons. So, making music lessons required for all students may not be fair or the best solution. Instead, schools and families should let students explore and find their own interests and talents. These could be in music or other activities. 1．Why do some parents think students should learn an instrument? A．Because it can strengthen thinking skills. B．Because it helps get higher grades in math. C．Because it can meet other people’s requests. 2．What does the underlined word “access” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Ability. B．Course. C．Chance. 3．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Require all students to take music lessons. B．Allow students to find their own interests and talents. C．Encourage students to choose music over other activities. 4．Which is the correct structure of this text? (P1＝Paragraph 1) A． B． C． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，围绕“是否所有学生都应该学习一种乐器”展开讨论，介绍了支持和反对的两种观点，并在最后给出中立的建议。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“musical training improves students’ math skills, and playing an instrument helps strengthen students’ thinking skills”可知，有些家长认为学习乐器可以增强学生的思维能力。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Many schools don’t offer free musical instrument education, and not all families can afford to pay for private lessons.”可知，并非所有学生都有学习乐器的机会，所以access在此处应表示“机会”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“So, making music lessons required for all students may not be fair or the best solution. Instead, schools and families should let students explore and find their own interests and talents.”可推断，作者支持让学生自行探索和发现兴趣与才能。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。P1为引入话题，P2和P3分别陈述支持方和反对方的观点，P4总结观点并提出中立建议，结构应为“总—分—总”。故选B。 5.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） An idiom (习语) is an expression that describes a situation in a funny or unusual way. Interestingly, the meaning of idioms is different from that of single words. For example： •It cost an arm and a leg.＝It was very expensive. •She’s over the moon about her new job.＝She’s very happy about her new job. •I felt like a fish out of water in the party.＝I felt very uncomfortable in the party. In some cases, we can guess the meaning of an idiom from the context—what people are talking about. In other cases, we can imagine the idiom. Some idioms actually stand for an action that we may take in a situation. For example： •They’re up in arms about the changes.＝They’re angry about the changes. Literally (字面上), some people put their arms in the air when they’re angry. In a word, idioms are a fun and creative way to express ourselves in English. They add color and humor to language and help us better understand the cultures and customs of English-­speaking countries. Some idioms may be difficult to understand for us at first. With practice and some knowledge about the foreign cultures, we can become more familiar (熟悉的) with them and use them in our own conversations. It’s important to remember that idioms should be used properly in the right place to avoid misunderstandings. 1．If you find your English has improved, which of the following can best express your mood? A．It costs me an arm and a leg. B．I am over the moon about my progress. C．I feel like a fish out of water in the classroom. 2．Which methods can help understand the meaning of an idiom? ①Knowing single words.　　②Guessing from the context.　　③Imagining the idiom. A．①② B．①③ C．②③ 3．What is important when using idioms according to the text? A．Using them with foreign friends. B．Using them as often as possible. C．Using them properly in the right place. 4．The text is written to ________. A．show how to remember idioms B．help us understand and use idioms C．let us learn more about foreign culture 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了习语是一种以有趣或不寻常的方式描述情况的表达。有趣的是，习语的含义与单个单词的含义不同。 1．细节理解题。根据“She’s over the moon about her new job.＝She’s very happy about her new job.”可知，如果你发现你的英语有所提高，我们可以用“我对自己的进步欣喜若狂”来表达心情。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“In some cases, we can guess the meaning of an idiom from the context—what people are talking about. In other cases, we can imagine the idiom.”可知，我们可以通过从上下文语境中猜测和想象一下这个习语来理解习语的意思。故答案为②③。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“It’s important to remember that idioms should be used properly in the right place to avoid misunderstandings.”可知，在正确的地方正确使用它们。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“They add color and humor to language and help us better understand the cultures and customs of English-­speaking countries.”可知，本文主要是为了帮助我们理解和使用习语。故选B。 6.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） Do you have a seal (印章)? Chinese seals date back thousands of years. The first seal in China was made in 221 BC． The first emperor of China, Qin Shihuang decided to make his first seal. It was called “Xi” and was only used by emperors. Chinese seals are very important in the history of China. Chinese seals are mainly used to mark important things. Usually, they are carved (雕刻) from stones, but they can also be made of wood, bamboo or bones. They have to be put in red ink (油墨) before using them. Seals can be carved in one or two ways: the material is carved away from the characters, leaving red ink on paper. Or the characters are carved on the material, leaving the characters white on a red background. Today, seals are widely used all over China for marking important papers. Seals are often used with names. Chinese paintings are still marked with a personal seal. Most Chinese people have a personal name seal. Artists and learners usually collect full sets of name seals. Seals are very important for businessmen when they deal with their business and show their social positions. They often make a seal to wish they have a smooth business. In a word, seal carving is an important part of Chinese culture, which is considered as a traditional Chinese art. 1．From the text we know that Chinese seals ________. A．have a long history B．can only be carved in one way C．were only used by emperors 2．How many kinds of materials for carving seals are listed in the text? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The use of Chinese seals today. B．The importance of Chinese seals. C．The advice for those who use Chinese seals. 4．What’s the theme (主题) of the text? A．Human and nature. B．Science and technology. C．Art and culture. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国印章的历史、材质、雕刻方式及古今用途，阐明其作为中国传统文化艺术重要组成部分的地位。 1．细节理解题。根据“Chinese seals date back thousands of years. The first seal in China was made in 221 BC.”可知，中国印章历史悠久。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“they are carved from stones, but they can also be made of wood, bamboo or bones”可知，文中提到石头、木头、竹子、骨头四种材料。故选B。 3．主旨大意题。第四段首句“Today, seals are widely used all over China for marking important papers.”为主题句，主要讲述当今印章的用途。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据“seal carving is an important part of Chinese culture, which is considered as a traditional Chinese art”可知，全文围绕印章的文化与艺术价值展开。故选C。 7.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） Recently, a college research team led by Professor Wang Dongbo from Jiangsu Province created China’s first large language model (LLM). This new technology aims to help people learn more about ancient Chinese classics. The LLM is named after Xun Zi, a pioneer in linguistic theory (语言学理论) during the late Warring States Period. The model has a big collection of ancient Chinese books and documents, including the well­known Siku Quanshu. With over 2 billion Chinese characters and words, it is a powerful tool for studying and protecting traditional Chinese culture. Researching traditional Chinese classics can be challenging.____▲__One of its main uses is to help translate ancient texts into modern Chinese. In this way, researchers can quickly get the main ideas of the ancient Chinese classics. The model can also identify important information such as the names of people, events, and places mentioned in the texts. This makes it easier and faster to organize information. The LLM has been posted on websites and users can download and use it for free. For the past ten years, Wang’s research team has been focusing on changing ancient books and texts into digital (数字的) form. “LLM was trained to use big data (数据) from ancient Chinese classics, which can be found for free on the Internet. Although we had put great effort, hard work and money into it, we still decided to share it for free.We hope this decision encourages more people to study and pay attention to ancient Chinese classics.” Wang said. 1．The LLM is ________. A．an ancient book about Xun Zi B．a collection of ancient Chinese books C．a tool for studying and protecting ancient Chinese classics 2．Which sentence can be put in __▲__？ A．That is how the model works. B．That is when the idea came to mind. C．That is why the model was developed. 3．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “identify” in Paragraph 3? A．To make sure that sb./sth. is not harmed. B．To find or discover sb./sth. C．To make sb./sth. perfect. 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Ways of Protecting Traditional Chinese Culture B．Challenges of Studying Ancient Chinese Classics C．China’s First Large Language Model 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国第一个大型语言模型。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“The model has a big collection of ancient Chinese books and documents… it is a powerful tool for studying and protecting traditional Chinese culture.”可知，LLM是用于研究和保护中国古代经典的工具。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“Researching traditional Chinese classics can be challenging.”可知，研究中国传统经典具有挑战性，根据“One of its main uses is to help translate ancient texts into modern Chinese…”可知，后文主要是说明该模型的功能。因此，空格处填入“这就是开发该模型的原因”最符合逻辑。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据文中“The model can also identify important information such as the names of people, events, and places mentioned in the texts.”可知，模型能“识别”文本中的人名、事件和地点等信息。因此“identify”在此处的意思为“发现或定位（某事物）”。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了中国首个大型语言模型的研发及其在研究和保护中国古代经典方面的作用，C项表示“中国首个大型语言模型”，符合文意。故选C。 8.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） In spring, some people wear T-shirts, while others are in thick coats. It seems that people feel different temperatures on the same day. Why does this happen? In fact, people don’t feel air temperature directly. There are sensors (传感器) on our skin (皮肤) that can feel cold, cool, warm, and hot temperatures. These sensors are also found in our noses and bodies. When bodies are the same size, how much body fat we have can be different and influence how we feel temperatures. The more body fat one has, the warmer he or she feels. This is because the fat under the skin helps keep heat, according to the website The Swaddle. For example, old people often feel colder than young people as the fat layer (层) under the skin gets thinner with age. Surprisingly, another reason is height. We need blood to move around our bodies to keep us warm. Since most people’s hearts are about the same size, it takes more effort and time for the blood to move around in taller people. So taller people might feel colder, said the newsletter Mic. Metabolism (新陈代谢) also influences how we feel temperatures. It shows how fast our bodies use energy. People with a higher metabolism always feel hotter than others. This is because they produce more heat and may take more time to cool down. For example, people with more muscles (肌肉) often feel warmer, according to a medical group, Medicover Genetics. 1．Where does our body have temperature sensors? ①On the skin.    ②In the nose.    ③In the eyes.    ④In the body. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ 2．Why do old people feel cold more easily? A．Because their bodies get smaller. B．Because they have thinner skin. C．Because they have less fat under their skin. 3．Who is most likely to feel cold according to the text? A． B． C． 4．What is the structure of the text? A． B． C． 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要解释了人们在同一天会感受到不同温度的原因，包括人体皮肤的传感器、身体脂肪含量、身高以及新陈代谢等因素对人体感知温度的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“There are sensors (传感器) on our skin (皮肤) that can feel cold... These sensors are also found in our noses and bodies.”可知，温度传感器位于皮肤、鼻子和身体内，不包括眼睛。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“old people often feel colder than young people as the fat layer (层) under the skin gets thinner with age”可知，老年人因皮肤下脂肪层变薄（脂肪更少）而更容易感到冷。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“taller people might feel colder”可知，高个子更易冷，故选A。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是提出问题，第二段解释人体通过传感器感知温度的机制，第三至五段分别从脂肪量、身高、新陈代谢三个方面分析原因，C项符合本文的结构分布，故选C。 9.（2025·贵州遵义·一模） Yao Wen Jiao Zi announced the top ten popular phrases for 2024. You must have heard of these phrases—“City or Not City”, “Office Culture”, “Hard Control” and “Water Spirit XXX” and so on. These phrases cover many fields, including technology and AI, reflecting the social development and public focus. With rapid development in AI technology, society has entered a new intelligent time. Phrases like “Digital Intelligence” and “Intelligent for Good” have appeared, showing the close mix of AI and social development. At the same time, the social ethical (道德的) problems brought about by AI have attracted wide attention. So China developed the idea of “Intelligent for Good”, which has become an important role in the global AI development ecosystem. Moreover, the younger generation, born after 2000, is gradually becoming the focus of social attention. Their positivity and confidence in the face of pressure and challenges have made the phrase “Relaxed Vibe” popular online. Society encourages children to express themselves and explore the unknown, providing this generation with more chances to discover their talents. Phrases like “Kid Brother” and “Kid Sister” are praise for the young who have extraordinary (非凡的) talents. The role of the elderly in social development is also becoming increasingly important. More and more seniors are taking part in volunteer services, cultural education, and other activities, continuing to play a positive role in society. As a result, the phrase “Silver Power” has become widely popular, reflecting the active influence of the elderly in society. The popular phrases not only record the evolution of language but also mirror social changes. These phrases have become important tools for people to express the views and emotions, and their influence will continue to expand within society. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By comparing facts. 2．We can learn ________ according to the text. A．AI development hasn’t caused the social ethical problems B．“Relaxed Vibe” shows the young face challenges confidently C．The elderly is more important than the young in social development 3．The best title of the text could be ________. A．2024 Popular Phrases: Tools of Discovering Talents B．2024 Popular Phrases: Mirrors of Social Developments C．2024 Popular Phrases: Reflection of the Youth’s Hobbies 4．Which of the following could be the structure of the text? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了2024年十大流行短语，这些短语涵盖了科技、AI、社会伦理、年轻一代和老年人等多个领域，反映了社会发展和公众关注的变化。 1．细节理解题。根据“Yao Wen Jiao Zi announced the top ten popular phrases for 2024. You must have heard of these phrases—‘City or Not City’, ‘Office Culture’, ‘Hard Control’ and ‘Water Spirit XXX’ and so on.”可知，作者通过举例来开始文章。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“Their positivity and confidence in the face of pressure and challenges have made the phrase ‘Relaxed Vibe’ popular online.”可推知，“Relaxed Vibe”展示了年轻人自信面对挑战。故选B。 3．最佳标题题。根据“The popular phrases not only record the evolution of language but also mirror social changes.”并通读全文可知，文章反映流行短语与社会发展的关系。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引入主题，第二段到第四段分别讨论AI、年轻一代和老年人的影响；最后一段总结。故选C。 10.（2025·贵州遵义·一模） The food plays an important role in our life. What we eat shapes us. But the decisions about what to eat can also make a difference to the environment around the world. Do you know where your food comes from? How far do the milk, apples, coffee beans and other items you eat travel to reach you? Checking your food miles is an important step to saving the Earth. Food miles is a rather modern idea. It refers to the miles your food travels before it reaches you. Throughout most of human history, people have eaten food grown locally. But over the past few decades, the world has become highly connected. Now we have become used to having a wide range of global foods. We prefer to buy tropical (热带的) fruits rather than those grown in our local climate. We expect fresh, green products even when there is snow on the ground. When we work out food miles, we shouldn’t just think about the exact number of miles. It depends on many factors (因素). For one thing, the way of transportation is important. Air travel, for example, allows food to travel quickly. However, this speedy delivery (运输) system causes a carbon pollution about 50 times bigger than that of the much slower transportation of food by sea. Working out the environmental cost of what we eat can be hard. The simple truth is that most of us can do far better than what we do now. Whenever you can, buy food from local farmers and eat in-season fruits and vegetables. From farm to fork, the shorter the distance, the better the food will be for your health and the environment. 1．Which of the following could replace the underlined word “shapes”? A．fits B．saves C．influences 2．The “food miles” means ________ according to the text. A．how far your food travels to reach you B．how long it takes you to buy your food C．how much food you need for travelling 3．What can we infer from the text? A．It is easy for us to work out food miles. B．Food delivery by sea is greener than by air. C．Most people prefer the local seasonal fruits now. 4．The purpose of the text is probably to ________. A．teach how to work out food miles B．draw people’s attention to food miles C．explain the reason why food miles form 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了食物里程的概念及其对环境的影响，并呼吁人们关注食物的来源和运输方式，以减少对环境的负面影响。 1．词句猜测题。根据“The food plays an important role in our life.”可知，食物在我们的生活中起着重要作用，即我们吃的食物影响着我们，所以划线部分的含义是“影响”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Food miles is a rather modern idea. It refers to the miles your food travels before it reaches you.”可知，食物里程指的是食物到达你之前所行驶的距离。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据“Air travel, for example, allows food to travel quickly. However, this speedy delivery (运输) system causes a carbon pollution about 50 times bigger than that of the much slower transportation of food by sea.”可推知，海运比空运更环保。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了食物里程的概念及其对环境的影响，并呼吁人们关注食物的来源和运输方式，以减少对环境的负面影响。故选B。 11.（2025·贵州遵义·一模） What do you do with clothes you don’t want to wear any more? You may donate them or give them to other people. What happens next? Where do these clothes end up? Sadly, the beaches of Ghana, a country in West Africa, are among these places. Now, the beaches are covered with clothing waste. People from all over the world donate clothes to charity. However, charity shops only sell up to 20 percent of donated clothes. The unsold clothes are then put in large bags and travel to other countries to be sold again or for waste disposal (处理). The Kantamanto market in Accra, the capital of Ghana, is one of the world’s largest secondhand clothing markets. Every week, 20 million pieces of clothes arrive at Kantamanto. But about 40 percent of them leave the market as waste. Workers either burn the waste or put it underground. However, the city is near the sea, so there’s not enough space for landfills. This is why a lot of clothing waste ends up on the beach. As it goes into the sea, fish and other sea life are in danger. Sea turtles can’t get to the land, and fish can’t grow because they may get caught in the clothes. The waste is also hurting the economy (经济). Fishers can’t catch as many fish as before since most of the things they catch are clothes. FAST FASHION WASTE ● 92 million Every year, 92 million tons of clothes end up in landfills. This means that every second a truck full of clothes arrives at a landfill. ● 7 to 10 times Many fast fashion clothes are worn only 7 to 10 times, then they are thrown away. Around 15 years ago, this number was 10 to 15 times. 1．In Paragraph 2, it tells that the beaches of Ghana are covered with ________ now. A．large bags B．clothing waste C．sea turtles 2．How many pieces of clothes end up as waste every week at Kantamanto market? A．4 million. B．8 million. C．20 million. 3．Why does the writer list the number in the “FAST FASHION WASTE”? A．To call on people to recycle their clothes. B．To ask people to throw away their old clothes. C．To encourage people to buy fast fashion clothes. 4．What’s the main idea of the text? A．Clothes waste is causing problems. B．Clothes waste influences the global economy. C．Ghana does well in dealing with donated clothes. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了全球捐赠的衣物最终成为垃圾，尤其是加纳的海滩被衣物垃圾覆盖，对环境和经济造成了严重影响。文章还提到了快时尚浪费的现状及其对环境的危害。 1．细节理解题。根据“Sadly, the beaches of Ghana, a country in West Africa, are among these places. Now, the beaches are covered with clothing waste.”可知，加纳的海滩现在被衣物垃圾覆盖。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Every week, 20 million pieces of clothes arrive at Kantamanto. But about 40 percent of them leave the market as waste.”可知，每周有2000万件衣物到达Kantamanto市场，其中40%成为垃圾，即800万件。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“FAST FASHION WASTE”中的数据，作者列举了每年9200万吨衣物被填埋以及快时尚衣物被丢弃的频率，目的是呼吁人们回收衣物，减少浪费。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了衣物垃圾对环境和经济造成的负面影响，尤其是加纳海滩被衣物垃圾覆盖的情况。故选项A“衣服的浪费造成了很多问题。”符合。故选A。 12.（2025·贵州遵义·一模） What kind of insect do you hate the most? Many people would probably answer “cockroaches”. Some are even very afraid of this insect. But, believe it or not, this “scary” insect may soon become a great hero! As we all know, cockroaches are able to live in almost any kind of environment. And they can get into tight spaces. This is why scientists have decided to turn them into “cyborg (半人半机器的生物)” insects. They will be used to locate missing people in search and rescue tasks. This can help shorten the saving time and reduce the number of dead people. The cockroach “cyborg” carries a tiny life detector (探测器) on its back. It weighs only 0.7 grams and can send back the location of the insect. Scientists also put electrodes (电极) into the cockroach’s antennae (触须). This helps them to guide the insect into the search area. Today, these rescue “cyborgs” are still being tested in the lab. Scientists say they are likely to be put into use within the next five years. “These insects will do the dangerous and difficult work for us,” one of the scientists said, “We believe they are the future of search and rescue!” 1．Why have scientists decided to turn cockroaches into “cyborgs”? A．Because they are the insects that many people hates most. B．Because most of people think that they are great heroes. C．Because they can live almost anywhere and get into tight spaces. 2．What does the underlined word “rescue” mean? A．save. B．study. C．explore. 3．What can we know from the text? A．The life detector on the cockroach’s back is heavy. B．There are electrodes in the cockroach’s antennae. C．These rescue “cyborgs” are being put into use now. 4．What can we infer from the scientists’ words in the last paragraph? A．The cyborgs will probably last for five years in the future. B．The cyborgs will probably do all dangerous and difficult work. C．The cyborgs will probably be widely used in search and rescue. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家计划将蟑螂改造为“半人半机器生物”，利用蟑螂强大的生存能力和适应各种环境的特点，将其应用于搜救任务中，以缩短救援时间并减少死亡人数。 1．细节理解题。根据“As we all know, cockroaches are able to live in almost any kind of environment. And they can get into tight spaces. This is why scientists have decided to turn them into ‘cyborg (半人半机器的生物)’ insects.”可知，科学家决定把蟑螂变成“半人半机器的生物”是因为它们几乎可以在任何地方生存并进入狭窄的空间。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“They will be used to locate missing people in search and rescue tasks. This can help shorten the saving time and reduce the number of dead people.”可知，这有助于缩短救援时间并减少死亡人数，由此推知，划线词意为“营救”，与“save”同义。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“Scientists also put electrodes (电极 ) into the cockroach’s antennae (触须).”可知，蟑螂的触角里有电极。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“These insects will do the dangerous and difficult work for us”和“ We believe they are the future of search and rescue!”可知，这些半人半机器的生物可能将在搜索和救援中被广泛使用。故选C。 13.（2025·贵州安顺·一模） China has a long history with many cultural treasures. Among them, the oil-paper umbrella (油纸伞) is one of the most interesting. The oil-paper umbrella first appeared during the Spring and Autumn Period (春秋时期). According to stories, it was invented by the wife of Lu Ban, a famous carpenter (木工). Lu Ban often worked outdoors and got wet in the rain, so his wife made the umbrella to protect him. Since then, this type of umbrella became popular in ancient China. During the Tang and Song dynasties, oil-paper umbrellas gained widespread popularity. Literary men (文学人物) often wrote poems or painted pictures on them. The umbrellas were decorated with patterns like flowers and birds. They also spread to other Asian countries and were called “Tang San”. Today, few people use oil-paper umbrellas daily, but some workshops still make them. These umbrellas are used in special events. For example, red ones are common at Chinese weddings (婚礼), and purple ones are liked by the elderly. In 2008, the skill of making oil-paper umbrellas became a national intangible cultural heritage. More people now want to learn and protect this art. Though we don’t use these umbrellas much today, it’s our duty to protect them. Let’s work together to save this treasure and other parts of Chinese culture! 1．What was the first purpose of the oil-paper umbrella? A．To protect from rain. B．To decorate homes. C．To use in weddings. 2．Why are oil-paper umbrellas still used today? A．Because people use them every day. B．Because they are part of school activities. C．Because they are used for special events like weddings. 3．What does the underlined word “gained” in Paragraph 3 most likely mean? A．Got. B．Created. C．Lost. 4．The writer writes the text to ______. A．explain how to make oil-paper umbrellas B．encourage people to protect cultural heritage C．discuss the advantages of modern umbrellas 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文讲述了油纸伞的发展历程。 1．细节理解题。根据“Lu Ban often worked outdoors and got wet in the rain, so his wife made the umbrella to protect him.”可知，油纸伞的最初目的是防雨。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“These umbrellas are used in special events. For example, red ones are common at Chinese weddings (婚礼), and purple ones are liked by the elderly.”可知，如今使用油纸伞是被用在特殊事件中，比如：婚礼。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“oil-paper umbrellas...widespread popularity.”可知，油纸伞得到了广泛流行，got“得到”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“Though we don’t use these umbrellas much today, it’s our duty to protect them”可知，作者鼓励人们保护油纸伞，鼓励人们保护文化遗产。故选B。 14.（2025·贵州毕节·一模） The world’s biggest Lego model is in Hong Kong! It is a large Lego model of the painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival. This Lego artwork was shown at New Town Plaza in Sha Tin (沙田新城市广场). The exhibit (展览) soon became a popular place for people to visit during weekends and holidays. The artwork brings together two different cultures from the East and the West: an ancient Chinese painting and a well-known toy that reminds many westerners of their childhood. As visitors walk along the 26-meter-long 3D model, they feel like they are in the busy streets of the past. They can see shops, tea-houses and markets, as well as different ways of transportation in ancient days. Andy Hung, who helped create the Lego model and worked very hard, spent five months planning and building it. Even though he has over ten years of experience, he said it was not easy to build such a model. He talked with experts and looked at old pictures patiently to make sure everything was right. However, some small details, like making the shapes of people, were difficult to build with Lego. He said, “Each part is a new venture. It’s not just about putting everything together; it’s about recreating a different scene, full of culture and history.” Many young people in Hong Kong also love recreating traditional Chinese works with Lego. So Hung invited many young people and students from Hong Kong to complete the work together, and they were very excited. By making these Lego models, Hung hopes to share the beauty of Chinese culture with more people. 1．What makes the Lego artwork special at New Town Plaza? A．It’s made completely by Andy Hung. B．It’s the smallest Lego model in the world. C．It connects a Chinese painting and a Western toy. 2．Which of the following best describes Andy Hung? A．Confident and strict. B．Outgoing and funny. C．Hard-working and patient. 3．Which of the following has the similar meaning to the underlined word “venture” in Paragraph 3? A．Advantage. B．Challenge. C．Mistake. 4．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．Young people’s love for Lego. B．Hung’s hope of spreading Chinese Culture. C．Famous artists’ efforts for modern art. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文报道了香港沙田新城市广场展出的全球最大乐高模型——3D版《清明上河图》。 1．细节理解题。根据“The artwork brings together two different cultures from the East and the West: an ancient Chinese painting and a well-known toy that reminds many westerners of their childhood. ”可知，可知，该作品的独特之处在于融合了中国古画与西方玩具元素。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据“spent five months planning and building it”；“He talked with experts and looked at old pictures patiently to make sure everything was right.”可看出其勤奋与耐心。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“It’s not just about putting everything together; it’s about recreating a different scene, full of culture and history.”可知，不仅仅是把所有东西拼凑在一起；而是要重现一个充满文化和历史的别样场景，这是一个具有挑战性的事情，所以划线单词与challenge（挑战）语义相近。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。最后一段提到Hung邀请年轻人参与创作，并明确表示希望分享中国文化的优美之处，核心是传播中国文化。故选B。 15.（2025·贵州毕节·一模） Imagine that you are traveling far north. Where will you go? You might go to a place that is covered with snow and ice. It is the Arctic (北极)—the northernmost part of Earth. The Arctic is home to some animals like polar bears (北极熊), seals (海豹) and arctic foxes. However, environmental problems in the Arctic are becoming worse. Climate change is heating the Arctic faster than anywhere else on Earth. As worldwide temperatures rise, sea ice is shrinking (缩减) by 14% every ten years. This is a disaster for polar bears. Polar bears mainly eat seals. They always look for seals on floating sea ice. If there isn’t any sea ice around, the bears have to stay on land, where there is no food for them. They need to burn their body fat during this time until they can find food. With less ice, polar bears have to swim or walk much farther to find food, which requires a lot of energy. Another serious problem is pollution. Harmful chemicals (化学物质) are from factories, farms and cities in other parts of the world. They are carried to the Arctic by air, water and even animals. These chemicals are dangerous for Arctic animals. For example, they can cause fewer animals to be born, and increase the risk of disease. This shows how human activities far away can harm even the farthest place on Earth. Taking care of the Arctic means taking care of our planet because the Arctic plays a key role in Earth’s climate. So, the time to change is now—before it’s too late. 1．The shrinking sea ice is a disaster for polar bears because ________. A．they prefer swimming to walking B．they lose their main hunting ground C．they can’t find a safe place to live in 2．What does the underlined word “they” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Human activities. B．Large factories. C．Harmful chemicals. 3．Which of the following may the writer agree with? A．Government should reduce some Arctic activities. B．Everyone should work together to save the Arctic now. C．Arctic problems will be solved without human actions. 4．We can most probably read the text on ________. A．www.naturalworld.com B．www.spaceindustry.com C．www.healthylife.com 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了北极地区面临的环境问题。 1．细节理解题。根据“As worldwide temperatures rise, sea ice is shrinking (缩减) by 14% every ten years. This is a disaster for polar bears. Polar bears mainly eat seals. They always look for seals on floating sea ice. If there isn’t any sea ice around, the bears have to stay on land, where there is no food for them.”可知，海冰的减少对于北极熊来说是灾难性的，因为它们失去了主要的狩猎场所。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据“These chemicals are dangerous for Arctic animals. For example, they can cause fewer animals to be born, and increase the risk of disease.”可知，这些化学物质对北极动物很危险，例如，它们可能导致动物出生数量减少，并增加疾病的风险，因此“they”指的是“有害化学物质”。故选C。 3．观点态度题。根据“Taking care of the Arctic means taking care of our planet because the Arctic plays a key role in Earth’s climate. So, the time to change is now—before it’s too late.”可知，照顾北极意味着照顾我们的星球，因为北极在地球的气候中发挥着关键作用，所以，改变的时间就在现在——在还不算太晚之前。这表明作者认为现在需要采取行动来拯救北极，而且需要大家一起合作。故选B。 4．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了北极的环境问题和保护北极的重要性，因此，最有可能在www.naturalworld.com网站上读到这篇文章。故选A。 16.（2025·贵州毕节·一模） Can you imagine a butterfly with a human face? Or a Chinese dragon with a fish tail? Such creative and interesting ideas appear in Miao embroidery (刺绣) from Guizhou. Miao embroidery is an important part of Miao culture and a treasure of traditional Chinese clothing culture. It was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list (非物质文化遗产名录) on May 20, 2006. It is considered one of the finest examples of embroidery art. Miao embroidery has a long history of more than 2, 000 years. Miao people embroider different patterns (图案) on clothes, such as dragons, fish, flowers and birds. These designs aren’t just for beauty. What’s more, many of them play a role in recording their history and culture. This is because Miao people do not have their own written language. Therefore, Miao embroidery is often known as “the Miao history worn on the body”. It is said that a Miao leader named Lanjuan came up with this idea. The main materials of Miao embroidery are silk, cotton and horsehair. ▲ These natural materials make clothes more comfortable to wear. However, these materials are difficult to keep. Therefore, it is hard for people to see Miao embroidery products with a history of more than 200 years today. Now we can find elements (元素) of Miao embroidery in modern clothes, shoes, bags, hats and so on. Besides, there are many cultural and creative products about Miao embroidery. Miao embroidery is becoming more and more popular at home and abroad. 1．Why does the writer ask two questions at the beginning of the text? A．To attract readers’ attention. B．To compare embroidery types. C．To describe traditional skills. 2．Different patterns embroidered by Miao people on their clothes play the role in ________. A．bringing in foreign tourists B．recording history and culture C．teaching people how to make clothes 3．Which sentence can be put in ▲ ? A．Among them, silk is the most common. B．They tell Miao stories to more people. C．Some Miao people don’t like these materials. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Enjoy Miao Food B．Explore Miao Buildings C．Explore Miao Embroidery 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了苗绣的特点、历史意义、材料及其在现代的应用。 1．细节理解题。根据“Can you imagine a butterfly with a human face? Or a Chinese dragon with a fish tail?”以及后文对苗绣创意的描述可知，作者通过提问吸引读者注意力，引出苗绣的独特艺术特点。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“These designs aren’t just for beauty. What’s more, many of them play a role in recording their history and culture.”可知，苗绣图案的作用是记录历史和文化。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“The main materials of Miao embroidery are silk, cotton and horsehair”和“These natural materials…”可推知，填入内容应衔接材料列举和特性说明，A选项“其中丝绸是最常见的”最符合语境。故选A。 4．最佳标题题。全文围绕苗绣的历史、文化价值、材料特点和现代应用展开，C选项“探索苗绣”最能概括文章主题。故选C。 17.（2025·贵州毕节·一模） The 2025 Spring Festival Gala used amazing technology to bring a new experience to people. With cool lights, smart robots and 3D effects, it showed the beauty of Chinese culture in a fun and modern way. This event was not only a traditional show, but also a way to share Chinese culture and values with the world. A folk yangko dance was one of the most interesting parts of this year’s Spring Festival Gala. This program was called YangBOT. Sixteen robots, wearing floral padded jackets, performed with sixteen dancers. The dance needed great accuracy (精准度) when the handkerchiefs were being waved. This made it harder to complete the performance. But the robots did it very well. The performance of these robots is special mainly for two reasons. First, it shows China’s progress in science and technology. Second, it promotes(推广) Chinese culture in a modern way. By mixing AI with the traditional dance, this program brings new life to ancient culture. And it makes it easier for young people and people around the world to have a better understanding of traditional Chinese art and culture. As one of the symbols of Chinese culture, the Spring Festival Gala not only reviews and celebrates the history and cultural traditions of China, but also shows us the expectations for the future. This means that in the future, China will keep improving science and technology and also mix technology with traditional culture to make more new cultural products. 1．What made it harder to complete the YangBOT? A．High accuracy of waves. B．Difficult dance steps. C．A large number of moves. 2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．What kind of clothes do the robots wear? B．Why is YangBOT special? C．What other shows are there in the 2025 Spring Festival Gala? 3．What does the writer think of the future of mixing technology with traditional culture in China? A．Worrying. B．Hopeful. C．Unclear. 4．Which is the correct structure of the text? (P=Paragraph 1, …) A． B． C． 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文围绕2025年春晚的科技创新，探讨了技术如何赋予传统文化新活力。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The dance needed great accuracy (精准度) when the handkerchiefs were being waved. This made it harder to complete the performance.”可知，手帕挥舞时需要的高度精准性使表演更难完成。故选A。 2．主旨大意题。第三段主要讲述了机器人表演特殊的两点原因：一是展示中国科技进步，二是以现代方式推广中国文化。故选B。 3．观点态度题。根据最后一段“…in the future, China will keep improving science and technology and also mix technology with traditional culture…”可知，作者对未来科技与传统文化的融合持积极态度。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。文章第一段总述 2025 年春晚用科技带来新体验；第二段介绍YangBOT节目，第三段分析其特别之处；第四段展望科技与文化结合的未来。结构为 “总 — 分 — 总”，故选B。 18.（2025·贵州铜仁·一模） Everyone loves receiving gifts, and across cultures, presents are a way to show care and love. However, traditions are not the same in every country. As a European living in China, I’ve seen some interesting differences. For example, while fruit and milk are common gifts here, in my culture, they might be a better choice when you are visiting someone in the hospital. Many Europeans open their presents right away, except in places like Germany. And it’s important to take off the price brand. What if you don’t like the gift? In Spain, you still have to say you love it to not hurt the giver’s feelings. Sometimes, the giver leaves a receipt (收据) inside the gift, so you can exchange it. Re-gifting (礼物转送) is a good idea if the present looks new. A person from Chicago even made re-gifting into a project, collecting unwanted gifts for those who need them. The way a present looks matters too. But using wrapping paper for every gift makes a lot of waste. Germans like high-quality wrapping paper, but now many use newspapers or maps to help the environment. Do Europeans give money as gifts? Yes. For example, Polish couples often ask for money at their weddings. They use the money to pay for the place and the food. In the end, remember, it’s the thought that’s important, not how big or expensive the gift is. 1．What do Spanish people do if they don’t like a gift? A．Return it with the receipt. B．Exchange it secretly. C．Say they love it. 2．The writer shows different culture about receiving gifts ______. A．by listing numbers B．by giving examples C．by telling stories 3．Which is the correct structure of the text? (①= paragraphl) A． B． C． 4．What is the text mainly about? A．How to choose gifts for friends. B．The importance of gift receipts. C．Gift traditions in different places. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了不同文化中关于礼物的传统和习俗。文章通过举例说明了欧洲和中国在礼物选择、接收和处理方式上的差异，并强调了礼物的心意比其价值更重要。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“What if you don’t like the gift? In Spain, you still have to say you love it to not hurt the giver’s feelings.”可知，在西班牙，即使不喜欢礼物，也要说喜欢，以免伤害送礼者的感情。故选C。 2．推理判断题。文章通过多个例子展示了不同文化中关于接收礼物的差异，如水果和牛奶在中国是常见礼物，而在欧洲则更适合探望病人时赠送；西班牙人即使不喜欢礼物也会说喜欢；德国人喜欢高质量的包装纸等。这些例子表明作者通过举例来说明不同文化的差异。故选B。 3．篇章结构题。文章的结构是先提出主题（第一段），即不同文化中礼物的传统不同；然后通过具体例子展开说明（第二至六段）；最后总结礼物的心意比其价值更重要（第七段）。所以文章是“总分总”结构。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了不同地方关于礼物的传统和习俗，如欧洲和中国在礼物选择、接收和处理方式上的差异。因此，文章的主题是不同地方的礼物传统。故选C。 19.（2025·贵州铜仁·一模） The CR450 is a new high-speed train that can go very fast! Two models of this train were recently shown in Beijing. The train can reach a test speed of 450 kilometers per hour and will run at 400 kilometers per hour when it starts carrying passengers. This means it will be the fastest high-speed train in the world! The China State Railway Group, which made the train, says the CR450 is excellent in many areas. It goes fast, stops quickly, uses energy efficiently, and makes little noise. Even though it’s super fast, the CR450’s brakes work as well as those of the trains that go at 350 kilometers per hour. This makes sure that the train can stop safely and stably (稳定地). Another great thing about the CR450 is that it saves energy. The train’s weight is cut by 10 percent. And a lighter body helps the train use less energy. The train is also made to be comfortable for passengers. Even when going at 400 kilometers per hour, the inside of the train is quiet, just like the slower trains, providing a peaceful travel experience. ______ And there are special places for luggage, bikes and even wheelchairs, so everyone has enough room for their things. Looking ahead, the CR450 high-speed train, which is faster, safer, more energy efficient, and more comfortable, is coming at full speed with a bright future! It will further meet people’s wishes for a better travel experience, and leave an important mark in the history of China’s railway development. Moreover, it will contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions (解决方案) to the progress of the world’s railway technology. 1．What speed will the CR450 reach when carrying passengers? A．350 km/h. B．400 km/h. C．450 km/h. 2．What does “brakes” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Parts to go faster. B．Parts to offer seats. C．Parts to stop the train. 3．Which sentence can be put in ______? A．Moreover, the train is also lighter and can save more energy. B．The train’s inside has also given passengers a little more space. C．The train will travel faster from Beijing to Shanghai within 2.5 hours. 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．The Fastest Train in the World B．The Way to Make Trains Quieter and Safer C．The History of China’s Railway Technology 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国新型高速列车CR450的特点，包括其速度、制动系统、节能性能以及乘客舒适度等。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“The train ... will run at 400 kilometers per hour when it starts carrying passengers.”可知，CR450在载客时的运行速度为400公里/小时。故选B。 2．词句猜测题。根据文章第3段“the CR450’s brakes work as well as those of the trains that go at 350 kilometers per hour.”和“This makes sure that the train can stop safely and stably”，并结合选项可知，它的刹车效果和时速350公里的火车一样好，这确保了列车能够安全稳定地停车。所以brakes指的是使列车停下来的部件，即刹车部件。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第4段“And there are special places for luggage, bikes and even wheelchairs, so everyone has enough room for their things.”可知，火车上还有专门放行李、自行车甚至轮椅的地方，所以每个人都有足够的空间放东西。因此，填入的句子应与空间相关，选项B“火车的内部也为乘客提供了更多的空间”符合语境。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了CR450高速列车的速度、制动系统、节能性能以及乘客舒适度，并强调它是世界上最快的列车。选项A“世界上最快的火车”最能概括文章主旨。故选A。 20.（2025·贵州铜仁·一模）主要介绍了中国古代的几种娱乐活动，包括捶丸、蹴鞠和射箭，并说明了这些活动的历史和文化意义。 People in ancient China worked long hours each day. To relax, people invented many games. Some of them had a long history. Chuiwan was one of the ball games in ancient China, which was very popular in the Song Dynasty. “Chui” means “hit” and “wan” means “ball”. This sport was similar to golf. On a large field, the players were divided into two groups. Usually there were 2 to 10 people in each group. Everyone had three chances to hit the ball into holes with a stick. Only when three hits into the hole were achieved, did the player win the point. First recorded 2,000 years ago, Cuju is known as the earliest form of football. The ball was made of leather (皮革) on the outside and filled with rice bran (米糠) inside. As a fun and relaxing game, Cuju was used in the army to train soldiers. Its rules were similar to football’s. Each team usually had 12 or 16 players. No hands were allowed. Only feet and the head could be used. The ball should be hit into the opposite goal. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, archery was an important part of education for a gentleman. At the age of 15, they began learning shooting. For example, the most famous competition was Grand Archery. It was held by the emperor. During that period, the emperor thought archery was seen as a skill that every gentleman should master. And archery was not only useful for hunting and self-defense but also showed strength and respect. The competitors bowed before shooting and enjoyed delicious food together after. These are just a few examples of the fun and interesting games people in ancient China enjoyed. These games not only helped people relax, but also became important parts of culture and history. 1．________ players were usually in each group when playing Chuiwan. A．1 or 2 B．2 to 10 C．12 or 16 2．How does the writer describe “Archery was an important part of education”? A．By comparing the facts. B．By listing an example. C．By providing some numbers. 3．Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “goal” in Paragraph 3? goal n. (goals) ①Something that you hope to achieve. ②A point that is scored for kicking or hitting the ball. ③A game equipment with a net which players kick or hit the ball into it to score. A．① B．② C．③ 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? (P1= Paragraph 1) A． B． C． 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国古代的几种娱乐活动，包括捶丸、蹴鞠和射箭，并说明了这些活动的历史和文化意义。 1．细节理解题。根据“Usually there were 2 to 10 people in each group.”可知，捶丸游戏中每组通常有2到10人。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据“For example, the most famous competition was Grand Archery.”可知，作者通过列举“Grand Archery”这一例子来说明射箭是教育的重要组成部分。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据“The ball should be hit into the opposite goal.”并结合前文提到的“Cuju”以及和现代足球规则相似，这里说的是球要被踢进对方的球门，“goal”在这里指的是有网的比赛设备，球员把球踢或打进里面得分，即③。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段引出话题，第二、三、四段分别介绍不同的游戏；第五段作为总结，结构为“总—分—总”。选项B所示图示正好对应这种层次布局。故选B。 试卷第2页，共11页 试卷第1页，共11页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 说明文阅读 目录 1.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）本文以野火为例，阐述自然的两面性 1 2.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）介绍了老年护理机器人的应用和发展前景。 3 3.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）介绍了奥运会带给人们的体育精神与热情，讲述了在2024年巴黎奥运会之前复苏的“服务生竞走比赛”，并阐述了该比赛与奥运会之间的关联以及对人们热爱运动的激发。 5 4.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）围绕“是否所有学生都应该学习一种乐器”展开讨论，介绍了支持和反对的两种观点，并在最后给出中立的建议。 6 5.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）介绍了习语是一种以有趣或不寻常的方式描述情况的表达。有趣的是，习语的含义与单个单词的含义不同。 8 6.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）主要介绍了中国印章的历史、材质、雕刻方式及古今用途，阐明其作为中国传统文化艺术重要组成部分的地位。 10 7.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）介绍了中国第一个大型语言模型。 11 8.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模）主要解释了人们在同一天会感受到不同温度的原因，包括人体皮肤的传感器、身体脂肪含量、身高以及新陈代谢等因素对人体感知温度的影响。 13 9.（2025·贵州遵义·一模）主要讲述了2024年十大流行短语，这些短语涵盖了科技、AI、社会伦理、年轻一代和老年人等多个领域，反映了社会发展和公众关注的变化。 15 10.（2025·贵州遵义·一模）文章主要讲述了食物里程的概念及其对环境的影响，并呼吁人们关注食物的来源和运输方式，以减少对环境的负面影响。 17 11.（2025·贵州遵义·一模）讲述了全球捐赠的衣物最终成为垃圾，尤其是加纳的海滩被衣物垃圾覆盖，对环境和经济造成了严重影响。文章还提到了快时尚浪费的现状及其对环境的危害。 18 12.（2025·贵州遵义·一模）介绍了科学家计划将蟑螂改造为“半人半机器生物”，利用蟑螂强大的生存能力和适应各种环境的特点，将其应用于搜救任务中，以缩短救援时间并减少死亡人数。 20 13.（2025·贵州安顺·一模）讲述了油纸伞的发展历程。 22 14.（2025·贵州毕节·一模）报道了香港沙田新城市广场展出的全球最大乐高模型——3D版《清明上河图》。 23 15.（2025·贵州毕节·一模）主要介绍了北极地区面临的环境问题。 25 16.（2025·贵州毕节·一模）介绍了苗绣的特点、历史意义、材料及其在现代的应用。 26 17.（2025·贵州毕节·一模）围绕2025年春晚的科技创新，探讨了技术如何赋予传统文化新活力。 28 18.（2025·贵州铜仁·一模）主要讲述了不同文化中关于礼物的传统和习俗。文章通过举例说明了欧洲和中国在礼物选择、接收和处理方式上的差异，并强调了礼物的心意比其价值更重要。 30 19.（2025·贵州铜仁·一模）主要介绍了中国新型高速列车CR450的特点，包括其速度、制动系统、节能性能以及乘客舒适度等。 31 20.（2025·贵州铜仁·一模）主要介绍了中国古代的几种娱乐活动，包括捶丸、蹴鞠和射箭，并说明了这些活动的历史和文化意义。 33 1.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） Nature can be beautiful, but it can also be dangerous. Take wildfires for example, more and more wildfires have been burning recently, causing great damage (损害). Natural causes like lightning and hot sun have caused wildfires, but four out of five wildfires are started by humans. Once a wildfire starts, it burns anything in its path such as trees,bushes and even buildings. Dry weather and high winds help wildfires spread, and they can move very quickly, up to 23 km an hour. So, what should you do to prevent a wildfire? First, always be careful around fire. Follow fire safety rules in parks and public areas, especially when camping. And if you do make a fire outdoors, be sure that you put it out completely. Even if you’re careful, you should be prepared for a wildfire. If one starts in your area, check TV, radio and emergency alerts (警报) to learn what to do. Pay attention to the fire and communicate with emergency workers. Always follow their instructions. Wildfires can be scary, but did you know they can actually help a forest? The fire kills sick plants and harmful insects that have been living in the forest’s ecosystem. Certain animals do better in the burnt-out living places that fires create. And by burning trees and their leaves, wildfires allow sunlight to reach the forest floor, so light can reach seedlings and help them grow into new plants. Wildfires are dangerous and can cause a lot of damage. But they are also a part of the natural world, and they can be healthy for a forest. So, we can’t simply view them as destruction (破坏), but also as nature making room for new beginnings. 1．What can we know about wildfires? A．They often move at a speed of 23km/h. B．Four fifths of them are started by humans. C．They cannot be healthy for the forest. 2．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Ways to prevent a wildfire. B．Natural causes of wildfires. C．Damage that a wildfire brings. 3．What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Sick plants. B．Wildfires. C．Certain animals. 4．Which saying best shows the writer’s understanding of wildfires? A．Better late than never. B．Every coin has two sides. C．Think twice before you do. 2.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） With the rapid development of artificial intelligence (AI), China is using AI and robots in elderly care service field, offering new ways to the challenges of an aging population. The latest data shows that China’s population aged 60 and above reached 310 million by the end of 2024. It’s about 22 percent of its total. Although elderly care robots are still in the early stage compared to industrial robots, some users have already begun to experience the convenience they offer. To serve the users better, China helped create the first international standard for elderly care robots, setting rules for their design and safety. In Shenzhen, elderly care robots are widely used in nursing homes. They play chess, give treatment, and help old people with movement. “These robots improve our lives and show us new ideas,” said Li Xipo, a nursing home director. During the Spring Festival, special robots even helped elderly people climb mountains, showing their potential (潜力) in making our lives better. Other cities are also using elderly care robots. In Shenyang, a patient learned to walk again with the robot’s help. In Chengdu, a companion (陪伴) robot named Yang Yang wakes the old each morning and reminds them of their daily activities. Soon, more elderly care robots like Yang Yang will enter the market. They will bring the elderly a better life. It is believed that the government support and the progress in AI will help the development of the elderly care robots. In the future, the care robots will be able to predict health risks and provide proactive (主动的) care just like family. 1．What does the underlined word “aging” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Growing old. B．Getting heavy. C．Becoming rich. 2．How does the writer show the advantages of using elderly care robots? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving examples. C．By asking questions. 3．What can be inferred from the text? A．22% of China’s population are aged 60 and above. B．The elderly care robots will become more popular. C．The government will cut down its spending on robots. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．AI Helps China Develop Elderly Care Robots B．China Creates Elderly Care Robot Standard C．Smart Robots Help China’s Elderly People 3.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） The Olympic Games have become a modern sporting festival celebrated over the world. They show the energy and passion (热情) of people, because they create a chance for people to come together to take part in various sports. When watching the Olympics, people not only feel the spirit of sports, but also develop the love for sports. Before the 2024 Paris Olympics started, the games had already begun. The Waiters’ Race, a century-­old tradition in Paris, was revived (复苏) in 2024. This event was held in 1914 for the first time. On March 24th, hundreds of waiters, wearing white shirts and dark trousers, took part in this race. Each waiter in the competition carried a tray loaded with bread, an empty coffee cup, and a glass of water. Starting from the Paris City Hall, they finished a 2-kilometer route around the city. Finally, two waiters won the game. Both winners were rewarded with gold medals, tickets to the opening ceremony of the Paris Olympics on the first day, and a free stay at a Parisian hotel. To be sure, the Waiters’ Race this year served as a fun and light-­hearted warm-­up for the Olympic Games. At the same time, it was the Olympic Games that made this ancient competition come back again. People showed their love for sports and expectations for the Olympics in this competition. The Olympic Games always encourage the younger generations and awaken billions of people’s passion. 1．According to the text, people can feel ________ while watching the Olympic Games. A．the spirit of sports B．the courage of winners C．the fun of winning medals 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．Winners of the competition. B．Waiters in the competition. C．The young in the Olympic Games. 3．What is the purpose of holding the Waiters’ Race according to the text? A．To call on everyone to exercise. B．To attract more people to Paris. C．To make a warm­up for the Paris Olympics. 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．The Long History of the Waiters’ Race B．The Two Winners in the Waiters’ Race C．The Race Welcoming the Olympic Games 4.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） Learning to play a musical instrument is hard work, but it can also be useful and fun. It’s exciting to learn new skills, and research shows that actively creating music by playing an instrument is like exercising the brain, especially when you’re young. However, that doesn’t mean everyone is cut out to play an instrument or is even interested in it. What do you think? Should all students have to play an instrument? Some parents believe that students should learn an instrument because studies show that kids who play a musical instrument do better in school. For example, musical training improves students’ math skills, and playing an instrument helps strengthen students’ thinking skills, even if they play for only a year or two. Learning to play an instrument also requires patience, imagination and practice, all of which teach lifelong skills of self­discipline (自律). Besides, learning to play music is not about meeting other people’s requests. Playing music is joyful and creative, and no one should miss out on that. Even students who don’t really care about learning an instrument may discover a hidden talent or interest. However, other parents think that not every child has access to musical instrument lessons or time for them. Many schools don’t offer free musical instrument education, and not all families can afford to pay for private lessons. Many children are simply not interested in music or aren’t very good at playing an instrument. If every child is forced to try, lessons can become a problem and they may end up disliking music. One study found that students will benefit from musical instrument lessons only if they actively show interest and attend lessons. So, making music lessons required for all students may not be fair or the best solution. Instead, schools and families should let students explore and find their own interests and talents. These could be in music or other activities. 1．Why do some parents think students should learn an instrument? A．Because it can strengthen thinking skills. B．Because it helps get higher grades in math. C．Because it can meet other people’s requests. 2．What does the underlined word “access” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Ability. B．Course. C．Chance. 3．Which of the following would the writer most probably agree with? A．Require all students to take music lessons. B．Allow students to find their own interests and talents. C．Encourage students to choose music over other activities. 4．Which is the correct structure of this text? (P1＝Paragraph 1) A． B． C． 5.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） An idiom (习语) is an expression that describes a situation in a funny or unusual way. Interestingly, the meaning of idioms is different from that of single words. For example： •It cost an arm and a leg.＝It was very expensive. •She’s over the moon about her new job.＝She’s very happy about her new job. •I felt like a fish out of water in the party.＝I felt very uncomfortable in the party. In some cases, we can guess the meaning of an idiom from the context—what people are talking about. In other cases, we can imagine the idiom. Some idioms actually stand for an action that we may take in a situation. For example： •They’re up in arms about the changes.＝They’re angry about the changes. Literally (字面上), some people put their arms in the air when they’re angry. In a word, idioms are a fun and creative way to express ourselves in English. They add color and humor to language and help us better understand the cultures and customs of English-­speaking countries. Some idioms may be difficult to understand for us at first. With practice and some knowledge about the foreign cultures, we can become more familiar (熟悉的) with them and use them in our own conversations. It’s important to remember that idioms should be used properly in the right place to avoid misunderstandings. 1．If you find your English has improved, which of the following can best express your mood? A．It costs me an arm and a leg. B．I am over the moon about my progress. C．I feel like a fish out of water in the classroom. 2．Which methods can help understand the meaning of an idiom? ①Knowing single words.　　②Guessing from the context.　　③Imagining the idiom. A．①② B．①③ C．②③ 3．What is important when using idioms according to the text? A．Using them with foreign friends. B．Using them as often as possible. C．Using them properly in the right place. 4．The text is written to ________. A．show how to remember idioms B．help us understand and use idioms C．let us learn more about foreign culture 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 6.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） Do you have a seal (印章)? Chinese seals date back thousands of years. The first seal in China was made in 221 BC． The first emperor of China, Qin Shihuang decided to make his first seal. It was called “Xi” and was only used by emperors. Chinese seals are very important in the history of China. Chinese seals are mainly used to mark important things. Usually, they are carved (雕刻) from stones, but they can also be made of wood, bamboo or bones. They have to be put in red ink (油墨) before using them. Seals can be carved in one or two ways: the material is carved away from the characters, leaving red ink on paper. Or the characters are carved on the material, leaving the characters white on a red background. Today, seals are widely used all over China for marking important papers. Seals are often used with names. Chinese paintings are still marked with a personal seal. Most Chinese people have a personal name seal. Artists and learners usually collect full sets of name seals. Seals are very important for businessmen when they deal with their business and show their social positions. They often make a seal to wish they have a smooth business. In a word, seal carving is an important part of Chinese culture, which is considered as a traditional Chinese art. 1．From the text we know that Chinese seals ________. A．have a long history B．can only be carved in one way C．were only used by emperors 2．How many kinds of materials for carving seals are listed in the text? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. 3．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about? A．The use of Chinese seals today. B．The importance of Chinese seals. C．The advice for those who use Chinese seals. 4．What’s the theme (主题) of the text? A．Human and nature. B．Science and technology. C．Art and culture. 7.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） Recently, a college research team led by Professor Wang Dongbo from Jiangsu Province created China’s first large language model (LLM). This new technology aims to help people learn more about ancient Chinese classics. The LLM is named after Xun Zi, a pioneer in linguistic theory (语言学理论) during the late Warring States Period. The model has a big collection of ancient Chinese books and documents, including the well­known Siku Quanshu. With over 2 billion Chinese characters and words, it is a powerful tool for studying and protecting traditional Chinese culture. Researching traditional Chinese classics can be challenging.____▲__One of its main uses is to help translate ancient texts into modern Chinese. In this way, researchers can quickly get the main ideas of the ancient Chinese classics. The model can also identify important information such as the names of people, events, and places mentioned in the texts. This makes it easier and faster to organize information. The LLM has been posted on websites and users can download and use it for free. For the past ten years, Wang’s research team has been focusing on changing ancient books and texts into digital (数字的) form. “LLM was trained to use big data (数据) from ancient Chinese classics, which can be found for free on the Internet. Although we had put great effort, hard work and money into it, we still decided to share it for free.We hope this decision encourages more people to study and pay attention to ancient Chinese classics.” Wang said. 1．The LLM is ________. A．an ancient book about Xun Zi B．a collection of ancient Chinese books C．a tool for studying and protecting ancient Chinese classics 2．Which sentence can be put in __▲__？ A．That is how the model works. B．That is when the idea came to mind. C．That is why the model was developed. 3．Which of the following best explains the underlined word “identify” in Paragraph 3? A．To make sure that sb./sth. is not harmed. B．To find or discover sb./sth. C．To make sb./sth. perfect. 4．What would be the best title for the text? A．Ways of Protecting Traditional Chinese Culture B．Challenges of Studying Ancient Chinese Classics C．China’s First Large Language Model 8.（2025·贵州贵阳·一模） In spring, some people wear T-shirts, while others are in thick coats. It seems that people feel different temperatures on the same day. Why does this happen? In fact, people don’t feel air temperature directly. There are sensors (传感器) on our skin (皮肤) that can feel cold, cool, warm, and hot temperatures. These sensors are also found in our noses and bodies. When bodies are the same size, how much body fat we have can be different and influence how we feel temperatures. The more body fat one has, the warmer he or she feels. This is because the fat under the skin helps keep heat, according to the website The Swaddle. For example, old people often feel colder than young people as the fat layer (层) under the skin gets thinner with age. Surprisingly, another reason is height. We need blood to move around our bodies to keep us warm. Since most people’s hearts are about the same size, it takes more effort and time for the blood to move around in taller people. So taller people might feel colder, said the newsletter Mic. Metabolism (新陈代谢) also influences how we feel temperatures. It shows how fast our bodies use energy. People with a higher metabolism always feel hotter than others. This is because they produce more heat and may take more time to cool down. For example, people with more muscles (肌肉) often feel warmer, according to a medical group, Medicover Genetics. 1．Where does our body have temperature sensors? ①On the skin.    ②In the nose.    ③In the eyes.    ④In the body. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ 2．Why do old people feel cold more easily? A．Because their bodies get smaller. B．Because they have thinner skin. C．Because they have less fat under their skin. 3．Who is most likely to feel cold according to the text? A． B． C． 4．What is the structure of the text? A． B． C． 9.（2025·贵州遵义·一模） Yao Wen Jiao Zi announced the top ten popular phrases for 2024. You must have heard of these phrases—“City or Not City”, “Office Culture”, “Hard Control” and “Water Spirit XXX” and so on. These phrases cover many fields, including technology and AI, reflecting the social development and public focus. With rapid development in AI technology, society has entered a new intelligent time. Phrases like “Digital Intelligence” and “Intelligent for Good” have appeared, showing the close mix of AI and social development. At the same time, the social ethical (道德的) problems brought about by AI have attracted wide attention. So China developed the idea of “Intelligent for Good”, which has become an important role in the global AI development ecosystem. Moreover, the younger generation, born after 2000, is gradually becoming the focus of social attention. Their positivity and confidence in the face of pressure and challenges have made the phrase “Relaxed Vibe” popular online. Society encourages children to express themselves and explore the unknown, providing this generation with more chances to discover their talents. Phrases like “Kid Brother” and “Kid Sister” are praise for the young who have extraordinary (非凡的) talents. The role of the elderly in social development is also becoming increasingly important. More and more seniors are taking part in volunteer services, cultural education, and other activities, continuing to play a positive role in society. As a result, the phrase “Silver Power” has become widely popular, reflecting the active influence of the elderly in society. The popular phrases not only record the evolution of language but also mirror social changes. These phrases have become important tools for people to express the views and emotions, and their influence will continue to expand within society. 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By giving examples. B．By telling stories. C．By comparing facts. 2．We can learn ________ according to the text. A．AI development hasn’t caused the social ethical problems B．“Relaxed Vibe” shows the young face challenges confidently C．The elderly is more important than the young in social development 3．The best title of the text could be ________. A．2024 Popular Phrases: Tools of Discovering Talents B．2024 Popular Phrases: Mirrors of Social Developments C．2024 Popular Phrases: Reflection of the Youth’s Hobbies 4．Which of the following could be the structure of the text? A．①/②③④⑤ B．①/②③/④⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ 10.（2025·贵州遵义·一模） The food plays an important role in our life. What we eat shapes us. But the decisions about what to eat can also make a difference to the environment around the world. Do you know where your food comes from? How far do the milk, apples, coffee beans and other items you eat travel to reach you? Checking your food miles is an important step to saving the Earth. Food miles is a rather modern idea. It refers to the miles your food travels before it reaches you. Throughout most of human history, people have eaten food grown locally. But over the past few decades, the world has become highly connected. Now we have become used to having a wide range of global foods. We prefer to buy tropical (热带的) fruits rather than those grown in our local climate. We expect fresh, green products even when there is snow on the ground. When we work out food miles, we shouldn’t just think about the exact number of miles. It depends on many factors (因素). For one thing, the way of transportation is important. Air travel, for example, allows food to travel quickly. However, this speedy delivery (运输) system causes a carbon pollution about 50 times bigger than that of the much slower transportation of food by sea. Working out the environmental cost of what we eat can be hard. The simple truth is that most of us can do far better than what we do now. Whenever you can, buy food from local farmers and eat in-season fruits and vegetables. From farm to fork, the shorter the distance, the better the food will be for your health and the environment. 1．Which of the following could replace the underlined word “shapes”? A．fits B．saves C．influences 2．The “food miles” means ________ according to the text. A．how far your food travels to reach you B．how long it takes you to buy your food C．how much food you need for travelling 3．What can we infer from the text? A．It is easy for us to work out food miles. B．Food delivery by sea is greener than by air. C．Most people prefer the local seasonal fruits now. 4．The purpose of the text is probably to ________. A．teach how to work out food miles B．draw people’s attention to food miles C．explain the reason why food miles form 11.（2025·贵州遵义·一模） What do you do with clothes you don’t want to wear any more? You may donate them or give them to other people. What happens next? Where do these clothes end up? Sadly, the beaches of Ghana, a country in West Africa, are among these places. Now, the beaches are covered with clothing waste. People from all over the world donate clothes to charity. However, charity shops only sell up to 20 percent of donated clothes. The unsold clothes are then put in large bags and travel to other countries to be sold again or for waste disposal (处理). The Kantamanto market in Accra, the capital of Ghana, is one of the world’s largest secondhand clothing markets. Every week, 20 million pieces of clothes arrive at Kantamanto. But about 40 percent of them leave the market as waste. Workers either burn the waste or put it underground. However, the city is near the sea, so there’s not enough space for landfills. This is why a lot of clothing waste ends up on the beach. As it goes into the sea, fish and other sea life are in danger. Sea turtles can’t get to the land, and fish can’t grow because they may get caught in the clothes. The waste is also hurting the economy (经济). Fishers can’t catch as many fish as before since most of the things they catch are clothes. FAST FASHION WASTE ● 92 million Every year, 92 million tons of clothes end up in landfills. This means that every second a truck full of clothes arrives at a landfill. ● 7 to 10 times Many fast fashion clothes are worn only 7 to 10 times, then they are thrown away. Around 15 years ago, this number was 10 to 15 times. 1．In Paragraph 2, it tells that the beaches of Ghana are covered with ________ now. A．large bags B．clothing waste C．sea turtles 2．How many pieces of clothes end up as waste every week at Kantamanto market? A．4 million. B．8 million. C．20 million. 3．Why does the writer list the number in the “FAST FASHION WASTE”? A．To call on people to recycle their clothes. B．To ask people to throw away their old clothes. C．To encourage people to buy fast fashion clothes. 4．What’s the main idea of the text? A．Clothes waste is causing problems. B．Clothes waste influences the global economy. C．Ghana does well in dealing with donated clothes. 12.（2025·贵州遵义·一模） What kind of insect do you hate the most? Many people would probably answer “cockroaches”. Some are even very afraid of this insect. But, believe it or not, this “scary” insect may soon become a great hero! As we all know, cockroaches are able to live in almost any kind of environment. And they can get into tight spaces. This is why scientists have decided to turn them into “cyborg (半人半机器的生物)” insects. They will be used to locate missing people in search and rescue tasks. This can help shorten the saving time and reduce the number of dead people. The cockroach “cyborg” carries a tiny life detector (探测器) on its back. It weighs only 0.7 grams and can send back the location of the insect. Scientists also put electrodes (电极) into the cockroach’s antennae (触须). This helps them to guide the insect into the search area. Today, these rescue “cyborgs” are still being tested in the lab. Scientists say they are likely to be put into use within the next five years. “These insects will do the dangerous and difficult work for us,” one of the scientists said, “We believe they are the future of search and rescue!” 1．Why have scientists decided to turn cockroaches into “cyborgs”? A．Because they are the insects that many people hates most. B．Because most of people think that they are great heroes. C．Because they can live almost anywhere and get into tight spaces. 2．What does the underlined word “rescue” mean? A．save. B．study. C．explore. 3．What can we know from the text? A．The life detector on the cockroach’s back is heavy. B．There are electrodes in the cockroach’s antennae. C．These rescue “cyborgs” are being put into use now. 4．What can we infer from the scientists’ words in the last paragraph? A．The cyborgs will probably last for five years in the future. B．The cyborgs will probably do all dangerous and difficult work. C．The cyborgs will probably be widely used in search and rescue. 13.（2025·贵州安顺·一模） China has a long history with many cultural treasures. Among them, the oil-paper umbrella (油纸伞) is one of the most interesting. The oil-paper umbrella first appeared during the Spring and Autumn Period (春秋时期). According to stories, it was invented by the wife of Lu Ban, a famous carpenter (木工). Lu Ban often worked outdoors and got wet in the rain, so his wife made the umbrella to protect him. Since then, this type of umbrella became popular in ancient China. During the Tang and Song dynasties, oil-paper umbrellas gained widespread popularity. Literary men (文学人物) often wrote poems or painted pictures on them. The umbrellas were decorated with patterns like flowers and birds. They also spread to other Asian countries and were called “Tang San”. Today, few people use oil-paper umbrellas daily, but some workshops still make them. These umbrellas are used in special events. For example, red ones are common at Chinese weddings (婚礼), and purple ones are liked by the elderly. In 2008, the skill of making oil-paper umbrellas became a national intangible cultural heritage. More people now want to learn and protect this art. Though we don’t use these umbrellas much today, it’s our duty to protect them. Let’s work together to save this treasure and other parts of Chinese culture! 1．What was the first purpose of the oil-paper umbrella? A．To protect from rain. B．To decorate homes. C．To use in weddings. 2．Why are oil-paper umbrellas still used today? A．Because people use them every day. B．Because they are part of school activities. C．Because they are used for special events like weddings. 3．What does the underlined word “gained” in Paragraph 3 most likely mean? A．Got. B．Created. C．Lost. 4．The writer writes the text to ______. A．explain how to make oil-paper umbrellas B．encourage people to protect cultural heritage C．discuss the advantages of modern umbrellas 14.（2025·贵州毕节·一模） The world’s biggest Lego model is in Hong Kong! It is a large Lego model of the painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival. This Lego artwork was shown at New Town Plaza in Sha Tin (沙田新城市广场). The exhibit (展览) soon became a popular place for people to visit during weekends and holidays. The artwork brings together two different cultures from the East and the West: an ancient Chinese painting and a well-known toy that reminds many westerners of their childhood. As visitors walk along the 26-meter-long 3D model, they feel like they are in the busy streets of the past. They can see shops, tea-houses and markets, as well as different ways of transportation in ancient days. Andy Hung, who helped create the Lego model and worked very hard, spent five months planning and building it. Even though he has over ten years of experience, he said it was not easy to build such a model. He talked with experts and looked at old pictures patiently to make sure everything was right. However, some small details, like making the shapes of people, were difficult to build with Lego. He said, “Each part is a new venture. It’s not just about putting everything together; it’s about recreating a different scene, full of culture and history.” Many young people in Hong Kong also love recreating traditional Chinese works with Lego. So Hung invited many young people and students from Hong Kong to complete the work together, and they were very excited. By making these Lego models, Hung hopes to share the beauty of Chinese culture with more people. 1．What makes the Lego artwork special at New Town Plaza? A．It’s made completely by Andy Hung. B．It’s the smallest Lego model in the world. C．It connects a Chinese painting and a Western toy. 2．Which of the following best describes Andy Hung? A．Confident and strict. B．Outgoing and funny. C．Hard-working and patient. 3．Which of the following has the similar meaning to the underlined word “venture” in Paragraph 3? A．Advantage. B．Challenge. C．Mistake. 4．What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A．Young people’s love for Lego. B．Hung’s hope of spreading Chinese Culture. C．Famous artists’ efforts for modern art. 15.（2025·贵州毕节·一模） Imagine that you are traveling far north. Where will you go? You might go to a place that is covered with snow and ice. It is the Arctic (北极)—the northernmost part of Earth. The Arctic is home to some animals like polar bears (北极熊), seals (海豹) and arctic foxes. However, environmental problems in the Arctic are becoming worse. Climate change is heating the Arctic faster than anywhere else on Earth. As worldwide temperatures rise, sea ice is shrinking (缩减) by 14% every ten years. This is a disaster for polar bears. Polar bears mainly eat seals. They always look for seals on floating sea ice. If there isn’t any sea ice around, the bears have to stay on land, where there is no food for them. They need to burn their body fat during this time until they can find food. With less ice, polar bears have to swim or walk much farther to find food, which requires a lot of energy. Another serious problem is pollution. Harmful chemicals (化学物质) are from factories, farms and cities in other parts of the world. They are carried to the Arctic by air, water and even animals. These chemicals are dangerous for Arctic animals. For example, they can cause fewer animals to be born, and increase the risk of disease. This shows how human activities far away can harm even the farthest place on Earth. Taking care of the Arctic means taking care of our planet because the Arctic plays a key role in Earth’s climate. So, the time to change is now—before it’s too late. 1．The shrinking sea ice is a disaster for polar bears because ________. A．they prefer swimming to walking B．they lose their main hunting ground C．they can’t find a safe place to live in 2．What does the underlined word “they” refer to in Paragraph 3? A．Human activities. B．Large factories. C．Harmful chemicals. 3．Which of the following may the writer agree with? A．Government should reduce some Arctic activities. B．Everyone should work together to save the Arctic now. C．Arctic problems will be solved without human actions. 4．We can most probably read the text on ________. A．www.naturalworld.com B．www.spaceindustry.com C．www.healthylife.com 16.（2025·贵州毕节·一模） Can you imagine a butterfly with a human face? Or a Chinese dragon with a fish tail? Such creative and interesting ideas appear in Miao embroidery (刺绣) from Guizhou. Miao embroidery is an important part of Miao culture and a treasure of traditional Chinese clothing culture. It was included in the national intangible cultural heritage list (非物质文化遗产名录) on May 20, 2006. It is considered one of the finest examples of embroidery art. Miao embroidery has a long history of more than 2, 000 years. Miao people embroider different patterns (图案) on clothes, such as dragons, fish, flowers and birds. These designs aren’t just for beauty. What’s more, many of them play a role in recording their history and culture. This is because Miao people do not have their own written language. Therefore, Miao embroidery is often known as “the Miao history worn on the body”. It is said that a Miao leader named Lanjuan came up with this idea. The main materials of Miao embroidery are silk, cotton and horsehair. ▲ These natural materials make clothes more comfortable to wear. However, these materials are difficult to keep. Therefore, it is hard for people to see Miao embroidery products with a history of more than 200 years today. Now we can find elements (元素) of Miao embroidery in modern clothes, shoes, bags, hats and so on. Besides, there are many cultural and creative products about Miao embroidery. Miao embroidery is becoming more and more popular at home and abroad. 1．Why does the writer ask two questions at the beginning of the text? A．To attract readers’ attention. B．To compare embroidery types. C．To describe traditional skills. 2．Different patterns embroidered by Miao people on their clothes play the role in ________. A．bringing in foreign tourists B．recording history and culture C．teaching people how to make clothes 3．Which sentence can be put in ▲ ? A．Among them, silk is the most common. B．They tell Miao stories to more people. C．Some Miao people don’t like these materials. 4．What is the best title for the text? A．Enjoy Miao Food B．Explore Miao Buildings C．Explore Miao Embroidery 17.（2025·贵州毕节·一模） The 2025 Spring Festival Gala used amazing technology to bring a new experience to people. With cool lights, smart robots and 3D effects, it showed the beauty of Chinese culture in a fun and modern way. This event was not only a traditional show, but also a way to share Chinese culture and values with the world. A folk yangko dance was one of the most interesting parts of this year’s Spring Festival Gala. This program was called YangBOT. Sixteen robots, wearing floral padded jackets, performed with sixteen dancers. The dance needed great accuracy (精准度) when the handkerchiefs were being waved. This made it harder to complete the performance. But the robots did it very well. The performance of these robots is special mainly for two reasons. First, it shows China’s progress in science and technology. Second, it promotes(推广) Chinese culture in a modern way. By mixing AI with the traditional dance, this program brings new life to ancient culture. And it makes it easier for young people and people around the world to have a better understanding of traditional Chinese art and culture. As one of the symbols of Chinese culture, the Spring Festival Gala not only reviews and celebrates the history and cultural traditions of China, but also shows us the expectations for the future. This means that in the future, China will keep improving science and technology and also mix technology with traditional culture to make more new cultural products. 1．What made it harder to complete the YangBOT? A．High accuracy of waves. B．Difficult dance steps. C．A large number of moves. 2．What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? A．What kind of clothes do the robots wear? B．Why is YangBOT special? C．What other shows are there in the 2025 Spring Festival Gala? 3．What does the writer think of the future of mixing technology with traditional culture in China? A．Worrying. B．Hopeful. C．Unclear. 4．Which is the correct structure of the text? (P=Paragraph 1, …) A． B． C． 18.（2025·贵州铜仁·一模） Everyone loves receiving gifts, and across cultures, presents are a way to show care and love. However, traditions are not the same in every country. As a European living in China, I’ve seen some interesting differences. For example, while fruit and milk are common gifts here, in my culture, they might be a better choice when you are visiting someone in the hospital. Many Europeans open their presents right away, except in places like Germany. And it’s important to take off the price brand. What if you don’t like the gift? In Spain, you still have to say you love it to not hurt the giver’s feelings. Sometimes, the giver leaves a receipt (收据) inside the gift, so you can exchange it. Re-gifting (礼物转送) is a good idea if the present looks new. A person from Chicago even made re-gifting into a project, collecting unwanted gifts for those who need them. The way a present looks matters too. But using wrapping paper for every gift makes a lot of waste. Germans like high-quality wrapping paper, but now many use newspapers or maps to help the environment. Do Europeans give money as gifts? Yes. For example, Polish couples often ask for money at their weddings. They use the money to pay for the place and the food. In the end, remember, it’s the thought that’s important, not how big or expensive the gift is. 1．What do Spanish people do if they don’t like a gift? A．Return it with the receipt. B．Exchange it secretly. C．Say they love it. 2．The writer shows different culture about receiving gifts ______. A．by listing numbers B．by giving examples C．by telling stories 3．Which is the correct structure of the text? (①= paragraphl) A． B． C． 4．What is the text mainly about? A．How to choose gifts for friends. B．The importance of gift receipts. C．Gift traditions in different places. 19.（2025·贵州铜仁·一模） The CR450 is a new high-speed train that can go very fast! Two models of this train were recently shown in Beijing. The train can reach a test speed of 450 kilometers per hour and will run at 400 kilometers per hour when it starts carrying passengers. This means it will be the fastest high-speed train in the world! The China State Railway Group, which made the train, says the CR450 is excellent in many areas. It goes fast, stops quickly, uses energy efficiently, and makes little noise. Even though it’s super fast, the CR450’s brakes work as well as those of the trains that go at 350 kilometers per hour. This makes sure that the train can stop safely and stably (稳定地). Another great thing about the CR450 is that it saves energy. The train’s weight is cut by 10 percent. And a lighter body helps the train use less energy. The train is also made to be comfortable for passengers. Even when going at 400 kilometers per hour, the inside of the train is quiet, just like the slower trains, providing a peaceful travel experience. ______ And there are special places for luggage, bikes and even wheelchairs, so everyone has enough room for their things. Looking ahead, the CR450 high-speed train, which is faster, safer, more energy efficient, and more comfortable, is coming at full speed with a bright future! It will further meet people’s wishes for a better travel experience, and leave an important mark in the history of China’s railway development. Moreover, it will contribute Chinese wisdom and solutions (解决方案) to the progress of the world’s railway technology. 1．What speed will the CR450 reach when carrying passengers? A．350 km/h. B．400 km/h. C．450 km/h. 2．What does “brakes” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Parts to go faster. B．Parts to offer seats. C．Parts to stop the train. 3．Which sentence can be put in ______? A．Moreover, the train is also lighter and can save more energy. B．The train’s inside has also given passengers a little more space. C．The train will travel faster from Beijing to Shanghai within 2.5 hours. 4．Which can be the best title for the text? A．The Fastest Train in the World B．The Way to Make Trains Quieter and Safer C．The History of China’s Railway Technology 20.（2025·贵州铜仁·一模）主要介绍了中国古代的几种娱乐活动，包括捶丸、蹴鞠和射箭，并说明了这些活动的历史和文化意义。 People in ancient China worked long hours each day. To relax, people invented many games. Some of them had a long history. Chuiwan was one of the ball games in ancient China, which was very popular in the Song Dynasty. “Chui” means “hit” and “wan” means “ball”. This sport was similar to golf. On a large field, the players were divided into two groups. Usually there were 2 to 10 people in each group. Everyone had three chances to hit the ball into holes with a stick. Only when three hits into the hole were achieved, did the player win the point. First recorded 2,000 years ago, Cuju is known as the earliest form of football. The ball was made of leather (皮革) on the outside and filled with rice bran (米糠) inside. As a fun and relaxing game, Cuju was used in the army to train soldiers. Its rules were similar to football’s. Each team usually had 12 or 16 players. No hands were allowed. Only feet and the head could be used. The ball should be hit into the opposite goal. In the Western Zhou Dynasty, archery was an important part of education for a gentleman. At the age of 15, they began learning shooting. For example, the most famous competition was Grand Archery. It was held by the emperor. During that period, the emperor thought archery was seen as a skill that every gentleman should master. And archery was not only useful for hunting and self-defense but also showed strength and respect. The competitors bowed before shooting and enjoyed delicious food together after. These are just a few examples of the fun and interesting games people in ancient China enjoyed. These games not only helped people relax, but also became important parts of culture and history. 1．________ players were usually in each group when playing Chuiwan. A．1 or 2 B．2 to 10 C．12 or 16 2．How does the writer describe “Archery was an important part of education”? A．By comparing the facts. B．By listing an example. C．By providing some numbers. 3．Which of the following in the dictionary best explains the underlined word “goal” in Paragraph 3? goal n. (goals) ①Something that you hope to achieve. ②A point that is scored for kicking or hitting the ball. ③A game equipment with a net which players kick or hit the ball into it to score. A．① B．② C．③ 4．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? (P1= Paragraph 1) A． B． C． 试卷第2页，共11页 试卷第1页，共11页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$