第二部分 读后续写 高分技巧-【读后续写】新高中英语高二读写后续

>>>>>>>>> 第二部分读后续写高分技巧 第二部分 读后续写高分技巧 技巧一如何利用文本特征读出有效信息 读后续写以记叙文为主，记叙文是以记人、叙事、写景、状物为主，以写人物的经历和事物发 展变化为主要内容的一种文体形式。要写好续写文章，理解文本是第一步。对于记叙文阅读，要注意 以下几个方面： 1.抓住记叙文的六要素 即人物、时间、地点、事件的起因、经过和结果，读后续写所提供的文本除了结果这一要素之外， 把其余五个要素叙述得清清楚楚。因此阅读文本时要紧扣这五个要素。 2.掌握记叙文的三大线索 即时间线、情节线和感情线。阅读文本时要抓住这三条主线。必要时可以列出这些线索，以更 好地理解文章，为续写做好准备。只有对原文的脉络线索和段落结构有正确的和深刻的理解， 续写的内容才能和原文骨肉相连，契合紧密。 3.把握文章主旨及故事的发展方向 这一点至关重要。只有把握了文章的主旨意图，才能很好地完成续写。确保续写的内容和原 文要有逻辑上的一致性，并能回应原文的信息。 4.分析文章的用词特点和行文风格 以使续写的内容在语言色彩上和行文风格上与所给文章保持一致。 【典例展示】 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A MOTHER'S DAY SURPRISE The twins were filled with excitement as they thought of the surprise they were planning for Mother's Day.How pleased and proud Mother would be when they brought her breakfast in bed.They planned to make French toast and chicken porridge.They had watched their mother in the kitchen.There was nothing to it.Jenna and Jeff knew exactly what to do. The big day came at last.The alarm rang at 6 a.m.The pair went down the stairs quietly to the kitchen.They decided to boil the porridge first.They put some rice into a pot of water and left it to boil while they made the French toast.Jeff broke two eggs into a plate and added in some milk.Jenna found the bread and put two slices into the egg mixture.Next,Jeff turned on the second stove burner to heat up the frying pan.Everything was going smoothly until Jeff star- ted frying the bread.The pan was too hot and the bread turned black within seconds.Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread.This time,she turned down the fire so it cooked nicely. 3 高中英语必备 <<<<<<<<< Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.The next minute,the porridge boiled over and put out the fire.Jenna panicked.Thankfully,Jeff stayed calm and turned off the gas quickly.But the stove was a mess now.Jenna told Jeff to clean it up so they could continue to cook the rest of the porridge.But Jeff's hand touched the hot burner and he gave a cry of pain.Jenna made him put his hand in cold water.Then she caught the smell of burning.Oh dear!The piece of bread in the pan had turned black as well. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 As the twins looked around them in disappointment,their father appeared. The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke their mother up. 【信息整合】 1.抓住文本五要素 人物：The twins:Jeff and Jenna 时间：in the morning of Mother'sDay 地点：in the kitchen to plan to cook breakfast for their mother as a present on Mother's Day 经过：The twins cooked breakfast in the kitchen for their mother.. 2.理清文章三大线索 时间线：before Mother'sDay→at6 am on Mother'sDay→first-→next→then→the next minute 情节线：母亲节前双胞胎兄妹计划给妈妈做顿早饭当做母亲节的礼物→母亲节这天一大早兄 妹俩就开始行动起来了→一开始做汤的时候还很顺利→弟弟把面包炸糊了，姐姐扔掉，重新再 炸→这时汤溢出来了，把炉火浇灭了→·姐姐让弟弟把火重新打开，继续做汤→弟弟不小心手碰 到了锅，烫着了→姐姐让他在凉水下冲洗 感情线：excited->smooth→busy→panicked-→calm 3.把握文章主旨，推测故事发展方向 本文的主题语境属于人与自我。文章讲述了一对双胞胎兄妹计划给妈妈做顿早饭当做母亲节 的礼物，一开始很顺利，但是中间出现了一些意外，汤溢出来了，把锅灶弄的一团糟，后来弟弟 又烫了手，好在姐姐还冷静，让弟弟在凉水下冲洗。 4.分析用词特点和行文风格 文章侧重动作描写，运用大量的动词（短语），如boil,put,let,broke,turned on等，句式长短结 合，生动形象地描述了两人做饭的过程，画面感强。并有一些情感类心理描写与情节叙述，渲 染了既快乐又紧张的气氛。续写时要侧重动作与心理描写。 一4 >>>>>>>>> 第二部分读后续写高分技巧 【范文赏读】 As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.Seeing the mess in the kitchen,he ①语言风格与原文一致，侧重动 immediately understood what had happened,but he wasn't 作和心理描写： upset.Instead,he applied some medicine to Jeff's hand,and ②丰富的动作类动词（短语）： then set out to help them clean up the mess,throwing away looked:appeared;seeing:applied; the burnt toast.Next,they began to make breakfast,and set out;clean up;throwing away; by now the twins looked cheerful.Before long,the porridge fry; was ready.Their father instructed them to fry the rest of③丰富的形容词与副词：immedi- the bread.Soon,the breakfast was ready,too. ately;upset;cheerful;unforgetta- The twins carried the breakfast upstairs and woke ble; their mother up.Opening her eyes,she couldn't believe④高级句式：Seeing the mess in what she had seen.Before she could ask any question,their the kitchen是现在分词短语作时 [ather turned up and told his wife about how the twins had间状语；she couldn't believe what made preparations to give her the surprise breakfast,and she had seen是有宾语从句的复 what trouble they had gone through when making the por- 合句； ridge and toast..Disbelief gave way to excitement and⑤拟人修辞手法：Disbelief gave pride.Hugging them in her arms,she said,"Thank you. way to excitement and pride. children.It's such an unforgettable Mother's Day for me. 技巧二如何利用所给信息推测后续情节 做读后续写时，对所给文本后面的故事情节及故事结尾的推断是写好读后续写的前提。高 考所给的读后续写形式是半开放性的，这种形式既可以让考生充分发挥想象力，又能让考生有章 可循。考生在推测后续情节时一般根据两个方面：第一是所给文章的情节，特别是伏笔之处：第 二是所给每段的首句。 1.根据文章的情节和伏笔进行预测。读后续写所给的文章的情节一般较为曲折，因此要把握故 事情节，尤其注意所给文章结尾处的伏笔。 2.利用所给每段的首句进行预测。所给第一段的首句既能承接上文，也是本段的起始句，由第二 段的首句可以推测第一段的结尾。 【典例展示】 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Pumpkin()carving at Halloween is a family tradition.We visit a local farm every October.In the pumpkin field,I compete with my three brothers and sister to seek out the biggest pumpkin.My dad has a rule that we have to carry our pumpkins back home,and as the eldest child I have an advantage-I carried an 85-pounder back last year. 5 高中英语必备 <<<<<<<<< This year,it was hard to tell whether my prize or the one chosen by my 14-year-old brother, Jason,was the winner.Unfortunately we forgot to weigh them before taking out their insides,but I was determined to prove my point.All of us were hard at work at the kitchen table,with my mom filming the annual event.I'm unsure now why I thought forcing my head inside the pump- kin would settle the matter,but it seemed to make perfect sense at the time. With the pumpkin resting on the table,hole uppermost,I bent over and pressed my head against the opening.At first I got jammed just above my eyes and then,as I went on with my task,unwilling to quit,my nose briefly prevented entry.Finally I managed to put my whole head into it,like a cork(forced into a bottle.I was able to straighten up with the huge pumpkin resting on my shoulders. My excitement was short-lived.The pumpkin was heavy."I'm going to set it down,now,"I said,and with Jason helping to support its weight,I bent back over the table to give it somewhere to rest.It was only when I tried to remove my head that I realized getting out was going to be less straightforward than getting in.When I pulled hard,my nose got in the way.I got into a panic as I pressed firmly against the table and moved my head around trying to find the right angle,but it was no use."I can't get it out!"I shouted,my voice sounding unnaturally loud in the enclosed space. 注意：续写词数应为150左右。 I was stuck for five or six minutes though it felt much longer. That video was posted the day before Halloween. 【读文预测】 1,根据文章情节找伏笔，预测续写内容 本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者家有在万圣节雕刻南瓜的传统，今年也不例外，家里所有 人都在厨房的餐桌上辛勤地工作着，而作者的妈妈则在拍摄一年一度的活动。结果作者将头 伸进了南瓜里，被卡住了，无论如何也无法挣脱出来，万分焦虑，想把头弄出来。 在所给的文本信息里，已经为下文续写内容埋下了伏笔，如妈妈在拍摄一年一度的活动，就可 以预测下文可能有这样的内容：妈妈把这一幕拍了下来，并把视频发到网上。文章结尾处作者 急于把头弄出来，也为下文续写内容埋下了伏笔，我们可以预测：怎样把头弄出来，自己弄出 来，还是别人来帮忙。 6 1>>>>>>>>> 第二部分读后续写高分技巧 2.根据所给首句，大胆设问，进行预测 由第一段首句内容“虽然时间只过去了五六分钟，但还是感觉要长得多。”可知作者急于想把头 弄出来。我们可以大胆设问： (1)How did I feel then? (2)How did others feel? (3)Who came to help me? (4)How did he help me? (5)What did mother do then? 根据这五个问题，第一段就有内容可写了。 由第二段首句内容“这段视频是在万圣节前发布的。”可知，第二段可描写作者的头被卡在南瓜 里这段视频在网上的走红情况，以及视频走红对作者家和作者的影响。我们可以大胆设问： (1)What influence did it bring? (2)How many views it caused? (3)How did it influence my brother and me? 这样，根据设问，整理答案，适当扩充，再运用合适的动作描写、心理描写和一些高级句式和高 级表达，用适当的过渡词语，就组成一篇完整的文章了。 【范文赏读】 I was stuck for five or six minutes though it felt much longer.During the process,the voices from outside were oddly calm.My mom was amused,suggesting "Don't use up all your oxygen".My smallest brother was singing a song I couldn't make out.Fortunately,my dad came to respond to my shout.He helped pull my head hard.Finally,I was rescued with messy hair and a sore nose,and it was only then that I realized my mom had been filming the whole time.And she said she was going to upload the video online. That video was posted the day before Halloween.To our surprise,by the end of that day it had over 1,000 views.Next morning,we got 5 a.m.calls from local media-the video started racking up hundreds of thousands of views.When Jason and I went on a youth camp,I was recog- nized by children I'd never met.The pumpkin also became a minor celebrity. 技巧三如何打造续写的龙头和凤尾 一、高分开头5招 如何写好读后续写，在高考中博取阅卷老师的眼球，获得梦寐以求的高分？如何让学生的作 品在高考中脱颖而出？这是很多老师和学生一直不懈努力的课题。一个好的故事开头就好比是 一个香味十足的诱饵，诱使读者上钩并且饶有趣味地读完。而一个拙劣的故事开头，一定会让读 者大倒胃口，恹恹欲睡。“Well begun is half done!”可见写好一个故事的开头是多么的重要。下 面教你五招高分开头的方式。 招式1巧用形容词/副词（短语） DHappily and excitedly,they went to the supermarket for what they needed. 2Exhausted and hungry,I wondered if we could find our way back. 一7 高中英语必备 <<<<<<<<< Curious to know what was inside,he tiptoed into the dark cave. 1A few minutes later,the bear headed back to our camp.The bear roared at us,our frightened mouths wide open. 招式2巧用分词（短语） DSeeing the mess in the kitchen,he immediately understood what had happened,but he wasn't upset. With everything ready,Bernard started out on his new business.Feeling shy,Bernard didn't dare to peddle(叫卖)his popcorn.. 3A few weeks later the boy arrived home from university.Hurrying home,he couldn't wait to see his old friend Poppy. OWe had no idea where we were and it was getting dark.Wandering around,we were still stuck in the dilemma. 招式3巧用高级句式 DI was stuck for five or six minutes though it felt much longer.My brother came up with an idea that he could cut the pumpkin with a knife,(同位语从句) When Mrs Meredith heard of John's idea,she thought it was a good one,too.So they took immediate action as John had proposed..(时间状语从句) At the very moment,the helicopter arrived.It hovered over the camp,causing strong wind that blew the bear unsteady on his feet..(非谓语动词十定语从句) 招式4巧用倒装结构 DDad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared.Hardly had the little dog come out when Poppy came over to lick it as if it were a long-lost friend. At the very moment,the helicopter arrived.So loud was the noise of the helicopter that the bear seemed to be disturbed for a while. 3Suddenly a little rabbit jumped out in front of my horse.I got a fright,so did my horse. 招式5巧用强调句结构 DThat video was posted the day before Halloween.It was my brother who did that for amuse- ment. 2A few minutes later,the bear came back.It was with great strength that the bear shook and tore the fence. 二、漂亮结尾5法 续写不能虎头蛇尾，在篇末也要用心设计。由于文章的故事性、情节性强，所以续写的结尾 可以是自然的升华议论，亦可以是其他方式结尾。常见的结尾方式有五种，即画面定格、对话收 尾、主题升华、结尾留白和首尾呼应。 1.画面定格法 (1)人物动作的画面定格 DSlowly,almost reluctantly,she placed her arm with apparently unaccustomed affection around her mother's shoulders and gently guided her back into the crowd.慢慢地，几乎不情愿 地，她的胳膊搂住母亲的肩膀，明显带着生疏，轻轻地引导她回到人群中。 8 >>>>>>>>> 第二部分读后续写高分技巧 2Never had Dora received such a gift.Speechless and happy,she held her son tightly into her arms,with tears welling up in her eyes. 朵拉从来没有收到过这样的礼物。她高兴得说不出话来，把儿子紧紧地抱在怀里，泪水夺眶 而出。 3Then the butterfly would stay together with her lover forever.On the top of the mountain, she seemed to enjoy the sunrise and the sunset happily with them. 然后蝴蝶就会和她的爱人永远待在一起。在山顶上，她似乎和他们一起愉快地享受着日出和 日落。 (2)特殊寓意的写景画面 DThe sky was a billion pure eyes of light and the grass green underfoot,it was as if night and day had become one beautiful moment.Dawn had come. 天空像是十亿只纯净的眼睛拼接在一起，脚下是青草，仿佛黑夜和白昼已成为一个美丽的时 刻。黎明已经来临。（黎明到来的画面） 2The crystal and cerulean water was gentle as I waded through it,the sunset like orange paint on a blue canvas. 当我涉过水晶般天蓝色的轻柔的水时，日落就像蓝色画布上的橙色颜料。（日落时的美好 画面) The moon under siege by stars seemed to lighten the night,bringing forth stars that shone and hung in the blackness.The never ending blackness consumed everything. 被群星围困的月亮似乎照亮了黑夜，带来了在黑暗中闪耀和悬挂着的群星。无尽的黑暗吞噬 了一切。（描写夜空的画面） DLooking up,I saw the sun shine brighter than I ever knew before. 抬头一看，我看到太阳比我以前所知道的还要明亮。（特殊寓意） 5A dense earthly sweet smell rises from the ground,enveloping everything within its soft em- brace. 一股浓郁的泥土般的芬芳从地上升起，把一切都包裹在它柔软的怀抱里。（雨后清新的画面） 2.对话收尾法 (1)When asked how the reunion with his father will change his life.Chester said,"I got family everywhere,so it might lead to many more trips now. 当被问及与父亲团聚将如何改变他的生活时，切斯特说：“我到处都有家人，所以现在可能会导 致更多的旅行。” (2)"Even now,I can hardly believe this dog traveled such a long distance to find us,"said Nina,"I would never give this kind of friend away again.I never grow tired of repeating this- animals are the most devoted and loving creatures.They need our love and care.”“即使是s现 在，我也简直不敢相信这只狗走了这么远的距离寻找我们，”尼娜说，“我再也不会放弃这种朋 友了。我从来没有厌倦过重复这些话一—动物是最忠诚和最可爱的生物。他们需要我们的爱 和关心。” 9 高中英语必备 <<<<<<<<< (3)They hung all the things back to the wall.Jack asked Paisley,"Are you really willing to lead a tough life with me?"She patted away the ashes on hands and looked at the walls with loads of stuff on them satisfactorily,saying,“Yes！For me,it is not a suffering to live."他们把 所有的东西都挂在墙上。杰克问佩斯利：“你真的愿意和我一起过艰难的生活吗？”她拍了拍手 上的灰，满意地看着挂满东西的墙，说：“是的！对我来说，这样生活并不是一种痛苦。” 3.主题升华法 (1)Someday,when I am older and have children of my own,I hope I can be just as great a parent as my mom.有一天，当我长大了，有了自己的孩子，我希望我能成为和我妈妈一样伟大 的父母。（母爱的深远影响） (2)In my opinion,money can't take the place of everything,such as your life,your time and your happiness.在我看来，金钱不能取代一切，比如你的生活、你的时间和你的幸福。（表达自 己的价值观) (3)As a proverb says,"Every coin has two sides.Making full use of your strength is your achievement.Please remember that in no case will you give up especially in trouble.God is fair to everyone..正如谚语所说，“事物都有两面性。”充分利用你的力量就是你的成就。请记住，无 论如何你都不要放弃，尤其是在麻烦中。上帝对每个人都是公平的。（借用名言警句来升华 主题) 4.结尾留白法 (l)“Would you be interested in joining me in a bite to eat?”I asked..“I'd love to,”she replied, her eyes sparkling like diamonds.And,this was the beginning of the end to my months of heartbreak following Betsy's death.“你有兴趣和我一起吃点东西吗？”我问道。“我很乐意去，” 她回答，眼睛像钻石一样闪闪发光。这是我在贝特西死后几个月的心碎终于开始慢慢愈合。 (故事结尾留白，给予读者想象空间) (2)He unwrapped the white tissue paper,but to his surprise,there was no hard rock candy inside.Instead,into his fingers fell a shiny white pearl worth thousands of dollars..他打开包装 纸，但令他惊讶的是，里面没有硬糖果。相反，一颗价值数千美元的闪亮的白色珍珠落进了他 的手指里。 5.首尾呼应法 (l)开头：】had an interesting childhood.It was filled with surprises and amusements,all because of my mother-loving,sweet,yet absent-minded and forgetful.One strange family trip we took when I was eleven tells a lot about her. Despite mom's being absent-minded and forgetful,she was still a kind and nice mom. (2):It was summer,and my dad wanted to treat me to a vacation like never before.He decided to take me on a trip to the Wild West. Never had I had such a thrilling yet dangerous vacation before.The special trip to the Wild West was deeply engraved in my mind. (3):A funny thing happened to Arthur when he was on the way to work one day. 结尾：What a funny day！Arthur couldn't stop laughing whenever he looked back on this funny experience. 10 >>>>>>>>> 第二部分读后续写高分技巧 技巧四如何创造续写故事的高潮 故事中的高潮(climax)是指故事达到最紧张或扣人心弦的那一部分。高潮有时候是剧情中 的“危机”点。有时候，它只是达到了关键时刻或者转折点，发生了一些事情，或者主角必须做出 决定，从而导致一个结果或其他。我们在分析叙事类故事或者小说故事的时候常常用下面的图 表来表示故事情节。 Climax When does the main character face their problems? This is the turning part of the story.things will never be the same for the characters. Rising Action Falling Action What events happen after What happens the exposition and before immediately after the the climax？ climax？ Exposition What is the major problem in the Resolution Who are the ma s10￥ in characters at 置 the beginning of Plot Dia gr a mend of the the story?What story? is the setting at the beginning of the story? 1.增加外部冲突 增加外部冲突是一种明显有效的可以达到故事高潮的方式。 (1)角色之间的冲突 【典例】On the fourth or fifth night,we had trouble finding a hotel with a vacancy.After driving in vain for some time,Mom suddenly got a great idea:Why didn't we find a house with a likely-looking backyard and ask if we could set up a tent there?David and I became nervous. 【分析】开车找旅馆一徒劳无功一母亲建议在他人后院搭帐篷—David和“我”倍感紧 张，心有不悦（母子的观点不一） (2)角色与环境之间的冲突 【典例】Then Mac heard quick and loud breathing behind him,,he saw instantly that it wasn't a dog at all,but a wolf,quickly catching up with him.Mac's heart jumped...he fired the spray at the wolf.A bright red cloud enveloped the animal,and to Mac's relief,it fell back, shaking its head.But a minute later...Then it...,tearing open his tent bag.He fired at the wolf a second time,and again,it fell back... 【分析】Mac骑车独行，路遇恶狼，与之搏斗，险象环生。[人（角色）一狼（环境）大战] (3)角色与时间的冲突 【典例】The car abruptly stopped in front of him.“Get into the car.”Paul shouted at Mac. Mac jumped off the bike and slid into the car without delay as the wolf was just two steps away and was about to tear Mac into pieces.What a narrow escape! 【分析】汽车突停面前一急喊上车一Mc上车避险一恶狼近在咫尺（此情此景，刻不 容缓) 11 高中英语必备 <<<<<<<<< 2.放大内心冲突 放大内心冲突（文中角色的内心斗争）也有助于建立一个高度紧张和不确定的时刻。现在我们 再来看高考读后续写中的内心冲突是如何体现的。 【典例】But no more helicopters came and it was getting dark again,Jane was so tired,hun gry,and extremely frightened.She thought to herself,"If only I had not quarrelled with Tom. Where is Tom?He must have made the emergency call.What I need is enough courage.If I continue my spirits tomorrow,I will be likely to guide the helicopter.Lying beside the stream,she fell asleep very soon.Suddenly,she heard the shouts of tigers,which made her scared to death.After she held her breath for a few minutes,everything was quiet again.In the terrible darkness,she slept again. 【分析】夫妇争吵—妻子独自行走—荒野走散，夜色新黑—独处森林—一阴森恐怖 一后悔莫及（内心冲突的刻画）一内心独白（往昔对比十虚拟语气的使用十旁白描写是常 见技巧之一) 技巧五如何润色美化续写内容 “读后续写”作为一种全新的高考英语题型，对于大家的语言综合运用能力的考查要求更高， 要增添“读后续写”的表达效果，不仅要有词汇量的积累，还要注意避免使用泛泛而谈的词汇，应 该多使用具体的词汇使表达更加准确到位。只有准确、连续的动作和夸张丰富的表情及心理活 动的描写，才能让人物栩栩如生地站起来！ 一、善用连续的动作描写，形成动作链 读后续写的写作过程中，成功的动作描写，可以交代人物的身份、地位，可以反映人物心理活 动的进程，可以表现人物的性格特征。相反，空洞、笼统的描写会使内容缺乏生动性，使人物形象 不丰满。人物的动作或简单，或复杂，都不是一下子就能完成的，细心观察都能捕捉到最能体现 人物特征的慢镜头。因此，在描写动作时，同学们要学会细化动作，把动作过程分解成一连串细 微的动作，形成动作链，写出动作的连贯性，这样才能使描写具有画面感，使人物更立体。 读后续写作文中动作描写没有头绪？不知道如何下手？不如拆解动作，构造动作链，让你的 动作描写既丰富又精彩！ 1.什么是动作链？ 【典例I】He stopped the taxi,jumped in with the suitcase and told the driver,.“Go to the police station,please." 【分析】这句话的意思是：他拦下了车，拿着箱子跳进了车里，然后对司机说，“请到警察局 去。”其实，这句话只是描写了“上车”的动作，然而通过拆解，细致地展现了一个动作的组成部 分。其本质是避免简单粗暴地使用一个动词概括整个动作，而是用2一3个动词组合进行描 述。用一个公式进行总结以上例句，如：上车=拦车十上车十告诉目的地。 【典例2】She would get off the car excitedly,laughing and dancing around. 【分析】这句话的意思是：她会兴奋地下车，又笑又跳。这句讲的是一个比较粗线条的妈妈， 动作描写完整地描述了这位妈妈下车时及下车后的表现，即：下车一下车十笑十跳。 —12