Unit 3 Family Matters 语言知识点识记清单-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版(2019)必修第一册

2025-06-05
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2 Book 1 Unit 3 Family matters 一 核心词汇 1:character 文字,符号,角色,品质,特点 a major/minor character in the book 书中的主要/次要人物 have a strong/weak character 个性强/不强 in character..... 的个性;在性格方面 out of character 不符合.....的个性 the character of the nearby area!附近地区的特点 learn Chinese characters 学习汉字 2:as well as 和,也 (1)as well as 也,还(用于连接两个并列成分) as well as+ V.-ing 不.....而..... (2)as well 也;又;还(用于肯定句句末其前不用逗号) [句式辨析] A as well as B不但B而且A,强调A,作主语时,谓语动词与A保持-致。 not only Abut also B不但A而且B强调B 作主语时谓语动词与B 保持一致。 3:approach (1)走近,靠近;(2)方式,方法,靠近,接近,通路 (1)be easy to approach 容易接近;容易到达 (2)an approach to(doing)sth. 做某事的方法 the approach of.... 的来临 at the approach of 在快到...的时候 take an approach 采用一种方法 表示“......来临"的表达有:be approaching; be drawing near; be around the corner 4:turn to 转向,求助于,查阅,翻到(书的某页)(to是介词) turn on/off 打开/关掉(水、煤气、电灯等) turn into 变成 turn out 结果是,证明是 turn up 调高;出现;被找到 turn over 翻转;移交 turn down 调低;拒绝 turn in 上交;交还 5:chat 闲谈,聊天 (1)have a chat with sb. 跟某人聊天 have a chat with sb. about sth. 跟某人聊某事 (2)chat with sb. about sth.跟某人聊某事 chat sb. up (尤指有目的地)与某人攀谈 6:focus(1)集中(精力注意力等);(使)调节焦距(2)中心,重点,焦点 (1) focus(one's)mind/attention(on sth.) 集中(某人的)注意力(于某物上) focus one's eyes on/upon ... 注视…… focus on 把镜头对准, (2) come into focus/bring sth. into focus 成为焦点/使某事成为焦点 in focus/out of focus(照片、相机等)焦点对准、没有对准 7:assume 假设,认为 (1)assume +sb./sth.(+to be)+adj. 以为中...是... assume that.. 认为; 假定..... Let's assume(that) 我们假设...... (2)assuming conj. 假定,假设 assuming(that) 假定..... (3)assumption n. 假定,假设 make an assumption 作出假设认为 on the assumption that... 假定. assuming that...(假.....)常作独立成分。英语中常见的独立成分还有:supposing/assuming/providing... 假如/如果.... considering... 考虑到.... judging from... 根据...断 given.... 考虑到.....鉴于… 8:respect (1)尊敬,敬重(2)敬意,问候,细节,方面 (1)respect sb. for... 尊重某人 (2)show/have respect for sb. 尊敬某人 gain/lose one's respect 获得/失去某人的尊敬 earn/win respect 赢得尊敬 out of respect for 出于.....的尊敬 give/send one's respects to sb..... 问候某人 in all/many respects 在各个/许多方面 in respect of 关于,.就..... out of respect for 出于对的尊敬 give/send one's respects to sb...... 问候某人 in all/many respects 在各个/许多方面 9:ignore 忽视,不理 (1)ignore sb. 不理睬某人ignore sth. 无视/不顾某事 (2)ignorant adj. 无知的;粗鲁的 be ignorant of/about sth. 不知道某事 be ignorant that.. 不知道..... 10:professional 职业,专业的,专业人员 (I)get useful professional advice 获得有用的专业建议 a professional tennis player 职业网球运动员 turn/go professional 成为专业人员 professional skills 专业技能 professional standards/practice 专业水平/行业惯例 (2)profession n.[C] 职业;行业 the medical/legal/teaching profession医疗/法律/教学行业 caring professions 护理行业 enter/go into/join a profession 加入….个行业 by profession 在职业方面 11:advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise doing sth. 建议做某事 suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 allow sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事 [误区警示] suggest sb.to do sth.(x) 后面只能接动名词不能接不定式作宾语的动词(词组): 避免错过少延期(escape/avoid,miss put off); 建议完成多练习(advise finish,practise); 喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy,imagine,can't help) 12:suit 适合 (1)suit sb. 适合某人 suit sth.to sth. 使某物适合另一物 suit one's needs 适合某人的需要 (2)suitable adj. 适当的;相配的 be suitable for sb./sth. 适合某人/某物 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 suit match与fit (1)suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等; (2)match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配; (3)fit 多指大小、尺寸合适。 13:talent 天赋,才能,天才,人才 (I)have a talent for… ...方面有天赋 show a talent for 展现....面的天赋 show talent in... ...面展现天分 (2)talented adj. 有才能的有才干的 be talented in/at.. ...方面有才能 be gifted in/at.... ….方面有才能 (3)gift n.天赋,天才,才能 gifted adj. 有天赋的有才华的 be gifted with... 具有. 14:responsible 负有责任的,应承担责任的,引起…的,可靠的 be responsible for(doing)sth. 对(做)某事负责 be responsible to sb. 对某人负责 Sb.is responsible for.., 某人对....负责。 Sth. is responsible for… 某事是...的原因。 15:aim (1)力求达到,瞄准,对付(2)目标,目的,瞄准 (1)aim for sth 努力争取某物 aim to do sth./aim at doing sth 力争做某事 be aimed at doing sth. 旨在做某事 aim at 瞄准 aim…at....... 针对.....;用…瞄准 (2)the aim of sth. 某事的目的 with the aim of.... 为目的 achieve one s am 达到某人的目标 take aim at 瞄准… 16:memory 记忆,回忆,记忆力,记性 have good/bad memory(for sth) (对某事)记忆力好差 from memory 凭记忆 in memory of 为了纪念 in honour of 为了向表示敬意 in search of 寻找 in case of 假使,如果 in view of 考虑到 in celebration of 庆祝 in need of 需要 in favour of 支持;赞同 in praise of 歌颂 17:observe (1)庆祝,过(节日,生日等)(2)观察(到),注视,(3)遵守 observation n. 观察 observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(全过程) observe sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事 observe traffic rules 遵守交通规则 observe the Spring Festival 庆祝春节 18:range (1)一系列,(2)在某范围内变化 a(wide)range of 系列的:各种各样的 in/within range of 在....的范围内 out of beyond range of 超出的范围 range from A to B在A到B之间变化;包括从A到B之间的各种事物 range between A and B 在A到B之间变化 a range of services 系列服务 19:apologise 道歉 (1)apologise to sb. for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事而向某人道歉 (2)apology n 道歉,谢罪 make an apology 道歉 accept/refuse an apology 接受拒绝道歉 “因(做)某事而向某人道歉”的不同表达: say sorry to sb. for(doing)sth. make an apology to sb. for(doing)sth offer an apology to sb. for(doing)sth. offer sb.an apology for(doing)sth. 20:stress 压力,紧张,强调,重音,重读; (1)be under stress 在压力下 cause/reduce stress 引起/减轻压力 suffer from/deal with stress 承受应对压力 put/lay/place stress on 强调… (2)stressed adj. (人)焦虑的,紧张的 stressful adj. (事物)充满压力的,紧张的 21: strength 力量,力气,强度; strengthen v加强;巩固 build up the strength 增加力量 give strength to… 给…力量 keep up one's strength 保持力量 physical strength 体力 with all one's strength 用全力 strengths and weaknesses 优势与劣势 [词语辨析] strength,power,force 与energy (1)strength体力,力气: (2)power权力,能力,动力; (3)force武力,暴力; (4)energy能量;活力,精力。 22:admire钦佩,赞美,羡慕 (1) admire sb. for....... 羡慕/钦佩某人 admire oneself 自我欣赏 (2)admiration n. 赞赏,钦佩 have admiration for. 对....表示钦佩 in/with admiration 钦佩地,赞赏地 (3)admirable adj. 值得赞赏的 与admire sb. for..结构类似的搭配还有: thank sb. for(doing)sth. 因(做)某事而感谢某人 23:judge 认为,判断,判决;裁判员,评判员,法官,审判员 (1)judging by/from 根据....断 judging from one's accent 从口音判断 as far as I can judge 据我判断 Don't judge a book by its cover.不要以貌取人。 (2)judgement n.看法;判断力;判决 in one's judgement 在某人看来 reserve one's judgement 保留某人的看法 [误区警示] judging by/from...作状语时是独立成分,不受主语的影响和限制。有类似用法的还有:generally/exactly/frankly/honestly speaking一般地/确切地/坦率地/诚实地说considering(that).. 考虑到...鉴于 providing/provided(that).假如.....倘若..... 24:settle(1)定居,安家落户(in)(2)(使)平静,(使)镇静;(3)和解,解决,结束(争论,争端) settle in/into 安顿下来;习惯于(新居);适应新环境(或新工作) settle down 平静下来;安顿下来;着手认真做(+to) settle for 勉强接受,将就 settle on/upon 决定,选定 [词语辨析] settle与solve (1)settle常指解决争端,宾语多为issue argument quarrel difference等; (2)solve 侧重给出答案,宾语多为problem mystery puzzle difficulty 等。 [词语积累] setter n.定居者 settled adj.稳定的;定居的settlement n.解决;定居:协议 25:detail (1)细节,细微之处,详情(2)详述,详情 in detail 详细地 go into detail(s) 详细叙述逐一说明 have an eye for detail 善于捕捉细节 detailed adj. 详细的 detailed list 清单 detailed instructions 详细说明 detailed regulations 细则 26:contain(1)包含、容纳、含有(2)抑制、克制(强烈的感情) contain oneself 控制/克制自己 [词语辨析] contain与include (1)A contains B(=Bis inside A) B在A里面 (2)A includes B(=B is part of A) B是A的一部分 27:powerful 强有力的,有影响(感染)力的 (1)power n. 力量,权力vt.....提供动力驱动 within one's power 在某人能力/权力范围之内 beyond one's power 超出某人的能力/权力 a power failure 停电;电力故障 a power station 发电站 be in power 执政 come to power 开始掌权/执政 take power 夺取政权 (2)powerful adj.强大的,有力的 powerfully adv.强大地 powerless adj.无权力的 powerlessly adv.无权力地 28:leave…behind 把…落在后面 leave out 省去遗漏;忽略,冷落 leave…alone 不管不理,不干涉 leave…aside 不予考虑,搁置-边 29:obviously adv. 明显地,显而易见地 →obvious adj. 明显的,显而易见的 be obvious to sb. 对某人来说显而易见 It is obvious (to sb.) that ... (对某人来说)……很明显 30:in the lead 处于领先地位 take the lead (in doing sth.) 带头(做某事) play the lead/the lead role 主演 lead sb. to sp. 带某人去某处 lead an investigation/inquiry/campaign 开展调查/询问/运动 lead sb. into sth. 使某人陷入(不良状态) lead sb. to do sth./lead to sb. doing sth. 导致某人做某事 二 词块识记 1. 涉及、有关: relate to 2. 参加课后俱乐部: join an after-school club 3. 和,也: as well as 4. 走近桌子: approach the table 5. 找某人聊天: turn to sb. for a chat 6. 决定做: decide to do 7. 上大学: go to university 8. 关注: focus on 9. 有一份音乐职业: have a career in music 10. 提高音量: raise one’ voice 11. 吃惊地: in surprise 12. 那是因为....: That’s because… 13. 当律师的问题是什么?What’s wrong with being a lawyer? 14. 被某人尊敬: be respected by sb. 15. 对…感兴趣: be interested in… 16. 镇静下来: calm down 17. 忽视某人的话: ignore one’s words 18. 停止做白日梦: stop daydreaming 19. 音乐产业: the music industry 20. 专业的足球运动员: a professional football player 21. 最后: in the end 22. 建议某人做: advise sb. to do 23. 适合某人的天赋: suit one’s talents 24. 为...骄傲: be proud of .... 25. 采纳建议: take one’s advice 26. 不经思考就仓促行动: jump in with both feet 27. 同时: at the same time 28. 你的未来有两个选择。: You will have two options for your future. 29. 代沟: generation gap 30. 在某人70多岁时: in one’s 70s 31. 在相似的情况下: in a similar situation 32. 发生: take place 33. 一定会做: be certain to do 34. 在未来: in the future 35. 在过去: in the past 36. 现在: in the present 37. 从事: work on 38. 准备食物和饮料: prepare food and drinks 39. 草拟客人名单: draw up a guest list 40. 做邀请: make invitations 41. 举行宴会: throw a party 42. 收到某人来信: hear from sb. 43. 去露营: go camping 44. 时光飞逝! How time flies! 45. 在某人30几岁时: in one’s thirties 46. 浓密的头发: bushy hair 47. 体格健壮,皮肤黝黑: well-built and tanned 48. 方形下巴: a square jaw 49. 蓄胡须: grow a beard 50. 即使: even though 51. 变灰: turn grey 52. 光滑的皮肤: smooth skin 53. 使她保持苗条健康: keep her slim and fit 54. 浅色皮肤: light skin 55. 扎马尾: wear one’s hair in a ponytail 56. 红润的面颊: rosy cheeks 57. 有点可爱: kind of cute 58. ….的重要性: the importance of… 59. 旨在做某事: aim to do 60. 加深某人对某事的理解: deepen one’s understanding of sth. 61. 与...相关: be related to 62. 各种各样的: a wide range of 63. 当地,国家和国际层次: at local, national and international levels. 64. 休病假: be off sick 65. 请假不上班: take some time off work 66. 弥补某事: make up for sth. 67. 去乡村: go to the countryside 68. 朋友小聚: catch up 69. 对某人道歉: apologize to sb. 70. 道歉: make an apology 71. 还有700米要跑: with 700 meters to go 72. 第三名: be in third place 73. 领先: in the lead 74. 在酷热中: in the burning heat 75. 兄弟情: brotherly love 76. 一个做..的机会: a chance to do 77. 在困境中: be in trouble 78. 拉着某人向终点线: pull sb. towards the finish line 79. 推着某人过了线: push sb. over the line 80. 一个出乎意料的结局: an unexpected end 81. 和媒体谈论....: discuss sth. with the media 82. 冲向: rush to 83. 一直在做(现在完成进行时)have / has been doing 84. 尽某人可能...: as much as sb. can 85. 时不时地: now and then 86. 在我的整个一生中: throughout my entire life 87. 一种非常积极的力量: an enormously positive force. 88. 不同的意见: divided opinions 89. 被取消资格: be disqualified 90. 被高度赞扬: be highly praised 91. 丢下某人: leave sb. behind 92. 在那个时刻: at that moment 93. 不再: no longer 94. 争取奖牌: aim for a medal 95. 踮着脚尖去厨房: tiptoe to the kitchen 96. 即将做...这时... : be about to do...when... 97. 令我吃惊的是: to my surprise 98. 以做某事结束: end up doing 三 词性转换 1.focus v.集中&n.中心;重点;焦点→focus(s)ed adj.注意力集中的 2.law n. 法律→lawyer n.律师 3.assume v.假定;假设→assuming conj.假定;假设→assumption n.假定;假设 4.respect n. 尊重;尊敬;问候;方面 &vt.尊重;尊敬;遵守→ respectable adj.值得尊敬的→respected adj.受尊敬的;受敬重的→ respectful adj.恭敬的→respective adj.各自的 5.ignore v.不理会;忽视→ignorance n.无知;愚昧→ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的 6.profession n. 职业;专业;行业→professional adj.职业的;专业的 7.suit n.一套衣服;套装&vt.适合→suited/suitable adj.适合的 8.talent n. 天资;才能→talented adj.有天资的;有才能的 9.option n.选择;可选择的东西→optional adj.可选择的 10.current adj.现时的;当前的 &n.水流;电流;气流→currently adv.现时;当前 11. regular adj.有规律的;定期的→regularly adv.有规律地;定期地;经常 12.responsible adj.负责的;有责任的→responsibility n.责任 13.memory n. 记忆;记忆力;记性→memorize vt. 记住;熟记→memorial adj.纪念的&n.纪念物→memorable adj.值得纪念的;难忘的 14.skin n.皮肤→skinny adj.极瘦的;皮包骨的 15.jog n.&慢跑→jogging n.慢跑运动→jogger n.慢跑锻炼者 16.nation n. 国家;民族;国民→national adj. 国家的;民族的→ nationally adv.全国性地→nationality n.国籍 17.aim vi.力求达到 &n.目的;意图→ aimless adj.无目的的;没有目标的→aimlessly adv.无目的地;没有目标地 18.observe v.观察;察觉到;遵守/奉行;庆祝→observation n. 观察→observer n. 观察者;观察员 19.apology n.道歉;歉意→apologize v. 道歉;表示歉意→ apologetic adj.道歉的;愧疚的 20.stress n.压力;强调;重音&vt.强调;重读→stressed adj.焦虑的;紧张的→ stressful adj.充满压力的 21.strong adj.强壮的→strength n.力量:体力:强列程度:优点→strengthen v.加强 22.admire vt.钦佩;赞赏;观赏→admirable adj.令人钦佩的;值得赞美的→admiration n.钦佩;赞美 24.settle v.定居;对某事达成一致意见;解决;确定→ settlement n.移民:定居点;解决;协议→settler n. 移居者;殖民者 25.typical adj.典型的;有代表性的→typically adv.典型地;一般地;经常 26.detail n.细节;具体情况→detailed adj.详细的;精细的 27.sum n. 金额;总数;总和&vt. 概括;总结→summary n. 总结;摘要;概要&adj.概括的;扼要的→ summarize v.总结;概括;概述 28. power n. 力量;威力→powerful adj.强壮的;强有力的;有影响/感染力的→powerfully adv.强有力地 29.on+to→onto prep.到/向/朝……之上 31.through+ out → throughout prep.遍及/整个……期间/自始至终&adv.到处;始终 32.entire adj.全部的;整个的;完全的→entirely adv.全部地;完整地;完全地 33.enormous adj.巨大的;庞大的→enormously adv.非常;极其 34.million num一百万→ millionaire n.百万富翁;富豪 35.quality n.质量;品质→qualify v.使具有资格;合格disqualify vt.取消……的资格;使不合格→qualified adj.有资格的;合格的 36.athlete n.运动员→athletic adj.健壮的;运动的 37. some+how→ somehow adv.用某种方法/不知怎的/不知 2 / 2 外研版必修一U3知识点识记材料 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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Unit 3 Family Matters 语言知识点识记清单-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版(2019)必修第一册
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Unit 3 Family Matters 语言知识点识记清单-2024-2025学年高中英语外研版(2019)必修第一册
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