暑假作业13 首字母填空-【暑假分层作业】2025年七年级英语暑假培优练（译林版2024）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业13 首字母填空 这种题型难度相对较大,考生失分现象比较严重。考生要仔细阅读全文,利用上下文提供的有关信息,仔细阅读相关句子,判断所缺单词在句中所作的成分,这样才能写出正确答案。要做好此类题目,考生不但要有较强的语感,善于体会上下文的内在联系,而且还要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。 解题步骤 1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。 2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断句子成分。 3.判断空格单词在句子成分里的词性，缩小范围。 4.联系上下文，找关键信息推测出答案。 5.通读短文，检查答案。注意时态，语法，以及词性等问题。 解题技巧 1.理清文章脉络 　　首字母填空有种“另类完形填空”的感觉。所以在解题技巧上两者有共通之处,先要通读整篇 文章,了解文章主要描述了什么,要表达什么意思,在弄清楚了文章大意和中心思想后,在答题时就能 够大致划定单词的范围。在通读文章的过程中,对于容易确定的答案可先填上。 例1    Here are some t　　      to help improve children's working memory. 解题思路    下文各个段落是在讲“如何帮助提高孩子们的工作记忆”。所以此处可用ways, suggestions, tips等词。根据首字母t可知,此处填tips。 2.找出提示词 　　解题时注意段落的首句和尾句,这两个地方会提供不少解题信息。有的短文只有一段,这时要仔细推敲设空处的上下文,找到关键词句,抓住关键信息,可按照文章段落句子的意思,猜测每个空逻辑上符合的词义,并根据首字母的提示,进一步缩小单词可选范围,最终确定答案。 例2    Eating vegetables does not make us f because they are low in calories. 解题思路    根据空后“because they are low in calories”可知,蔬菜是低卡路里的食物,所以不会让人发胖,故填fat。 例3 Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself? 解题思路    all the other后接可数名词复数。根据上文“Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from...”可知是把扬州中国大运河博物馆和中国其他的大运河博物馆作比较。故填museums。 3.确定适当形式 仅仅确定了单词可能还不是最终答案,要根据文章实际情况,变换词形。确定了填写某个单词之后,要考虑语法是否正确,是否符合句式结构,能否使得文章变通顺。 动词的填写,要判断所在段落句子的时态,根据不同的情况,动词有原形、过去式、第三人称单数、过去分词等几种形式;名词的填写,要考虑是否可数、名词单复数的变化;形容词的填写,要考虑是否要用比较级或最高级等。这些都是要在最终确定答案前要考虑到的。 例4   This is not because they are the most nutritious, but because they are the (71)e to grow. 解题思路    根据空前的“This is not because they are the most nutritious”可知,此处也需要填最高级,根据语境、常识和首字母可知,此处表示它们是最容易种植的,故填easiest。 例5   The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c       by many as the “treasure of the museum”. 解题思路    consider...as...认为……是……。根据主语The...Bian River section和空格后的by many可 知,此句用被动语态。故填过去分词considered。 二层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优 （1） 根据短文内容及首字母提示,写出所缺单词。 People live in different kinds of houses in the world. Usually, each house has i　1　 own living room, bedroom, k　2　and bathroom. Different houses have different n　3　. What are they? Now, let’s take a look.  A flat is usually in a building. There are usually many f　4　 living in the same flat building. People in a flat building s　5　 the same stairs(楼梯) and lifts (电梯) to go up and down.  A townhouse has two floors. In a townhouse, the kitchen, the living room and the dining room are usually on the ground floor, and the bedrooms are usually on the f　6　 floor.  A farmhouse is a house on a farm. There are many farmers living there. There is a large yard(院子) in f　7　 of it. There are also some “houses” for cows and hens near the farmhouse. The field is not f　8　 from the farmhouse, so farmers always go to the field on f　9　.  A dormitory(宿舍) is a large bedroom in a s　10　, and every 4-8 students share one dormitory. They share the same bathroom, but each student has his or her own bed. Students can learn how to get along(相处) well with each other in a dormitory.  [语篇解读]　短文主要介绍了不同类型的房屋,包括公寓、连栋房屋、农舍和宿舍。 1.its　考查代词。句意:通常,每一个房子有它自己的客厅、卧室、厨房和浴室。空格后面是一连串名词,所以此处要用形容词性物主代词。故答案为its。 2.kitchen　考查名词。此处列举房子内不同的房间,结合首字母可知此处填kitchen。 3.names　考查名词。句意:不同的房子有不同的名字。根据“Different houses have different...”可知此处要用复数名词,故答案为names。 4.families　考查名词。句意:通常有许多家庭住在同一座公寓楼里。根据many、首字母和句意可知此处填families。 5.share　考查动词。句意:一座公寓楼里的人共用相同的楼梯和电梯来上下楼。根据设空处所在句前后文可知此处用一般现在时,主语是“People in a flat building”,结合句意可知此处指“共用,共享”,故答案为share。 6.first　考查数词。根据“A townhouse has two floors.”及“on the ground floor”可知此处指二楼,在英式英语中,the ground floor为一楼,the first floor为二楼,故答案为first。 7.front　考查名词。句意:在它的前面,有一个大庭院。 in front of为固定短语,意为“在……的前面”,故答案为front。 8.far　考查形容词。句意:田地距离农舍不远,所以农民们总是步行去田地。far from为固定短语,意为“远离……”。故答案为far。 9.foot　考查名词。句意:田地距离农舍不远,所以农民们总是步行去田地。on foot为固定短语,意为“步行”。故答案为foot。 10.school　考查名词。此处表达宿舍是学校里的一个大卧室。根据 “every 4-8 students share one dormitory”可知是学校,故答案为school。 （2） 根据短文内容及首字母提示,写出所缺单词。 If you want to feel the sense of real Beijing, walk on the main streets and visit a quadrangle dwelling(四合院). As traditional buildings, quadrangle dwellings are mostly seen in northern C　1　. A typical(典型的) quadrangle dwelling has a big square courtyard w　2　 four buildings on all four sides. Usually, one big family lives here. The d　3　 of a quadrangle dwelling follows Confucian(儒家的) ideas of respecting(尊重) the old. The northern main house gets the most sunshine, s　4　 the oldest member of the family lives there. The east and west wing houses are for children and grandchildren. The southern building is closest to the doorway. It is usually for servants(仆人) or guests. Living under the same roof h　5　 to form a strong family bond(纽带). Every family member stays close by sharing laughs and cries t　6　. Later, quadrangle dwellings developed into neighborhoods for many different families. Strangers became n　7　. Their children became friends. When one family had p　8　, all warm⁃hearted neighbors came to help.  But nowadays, many m　9　 tall buildings have replaced(取代) many of these traditional, beautiful buildings. The n　10　 of quadrangle dwellings in Beijing has dropped(下降) from over 26,000 in the Qing Dynasty to about 4,000 today. In order to protect quadrangle dwellings, the government has collected about a thousand valuable quadrangle dwellings in The Records of Beijing Siheyuan.  [语篇解读]　短文主要介绍了北京的四合院和其在现代社会中的变迁。 1.China　考查名词。句意:四合院作为传统建筑,多见于中国北方。根据句意及首字母提示可知,空缺处应填China(中国)。 2.with　考查介词。句意:一座典型的四合院有一个方形的大院子,四面有四座房子。根据句意及首字母提示可知,空缺处应填介词with(具有)。 3.design　考查名词。句意:四合院的设计遵循了儒家的尊老思想。根据句意及首字母提示可知,空缺处应填design(设计)。 4.so　考查连词。句意:北面的主屋阳光最充足,所以家里最年长的成员住在那里。根据句意及首字母提示可知,空缺处应填so(所以)。 5.helps　考查动词。句意:住在同一屋檐下有助于形成牢固的家庭纽带。动名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。根据设空处所在句上下文可知此处用一般现在时,再根据句意及首字母提示可知,空缺处应填helps(帮助)。 6.together　考查副词。句意:每个家庭成员通过一起分享欢笑和哭泣来保持亲密。根据句意及首字母提示可知,空缺处应填副词together(一起)。 7.neighbors　考查名词。根据上句“后来,四合院发展成了许多不同家庭居住的社区”可推知,本句意为“陌生人变成了邻居”。故答案为neighbors。 8.problems　考查名词。句意:当一个家庭遇到问题时,所有热心的邻居都来帮忙。根据句意和首字母提示可知,空缺处应填名词复数problems。 9.modern　考查形容词。句意:但现在,许多现代化的高层建筑物已经取代了很多这些传统而美丽的建筑。 根据句意及首字母提示可知,空缺处应填modern(现代化的)。 10.number　考查名词。句意:北京的四合院数量从清代的两万六千多座减少到今天的大约四千座。the number of...意为“……的数量”。根据句意及首字母提示可知,空缺处应填number(数量)。 （3） 根据短文内容及首字母提示,写出所缺单词。 Most children in Germany learn to ride bikes with their parents’ help when they are quite young. But if they want to ride bikes alone on the road, they h　1　 to pass a test. The test is quite l　2　 our driving test.  First, the students must learn about h　3　 to ride bikes safely on the road. They’ll have about thirty classes. Each student will have a book and the book t　4　 them how to keep safe on the road, how to keep o　5　 safe and what to do if they get hurt. So the students always find it very h　6　 after reading.  After the classes, the students will have written tests. Then, they will do some riding practice at school. Some p　7　 will come to give them more guidance.  At last, those students will have a test on the r　8　, then they will get their scores. If they can pass the test, they can get a bike license. Then they are r　9　 for the road!  We know people from Germany are precise(认真的). We can see this from their riding test for primary school students. The students learn useful riding s　10　, and at the same time, they learn the spirit(精神) of the country.  [语篇解读]　本文介绍了德国孩子是如何取得自行车执照的。 1.have　句意:但如果他们想独自在路上骑自行车,他们必须通过一场测试。have to意为“不得不,必须”,主句主语they是复数,此处时态是一般现在时,动词用原形,故填have。 2.like　句意:这个考试很像我们的驾驶考试。like作介词,意为“像”,故填like。 3.how　句意:首先,学生们必须学习如何在路上安全骑自行车。根据句意及首字母可知,此处表示“学习如何在路上安全骑自行车”,故填how。 4.teaches　句意:每个学生都会有一本书,这本书教他们如何在路上保持安全,如何保护他人的安全,以及如果自己受伤了该怎么办。teach作动词,意为“教”,此处用一般现在时,主语是单数,故填teaches。 5.others　句意:每个学生都会有一本书,这本书教他们如何在路上保持安全,如何保护他人的安全,以及如果自己受伤了该怎么办。根据“how to keep...safe”及首字母可知,是保护他人安全,others意为“其他人”,故填others。 6.helpful　句意:所以学生们在阅读后总是发现它很有帮助。find it+形容词表示“发现它……”,形容词作宾语补足语。根据“Each student will...if they get hurt.”可知,学生认为这本书很有帮助,helpful意为“有帮助的”,故填helpful。 7.policemen　句意:一些警察会来给他们更多的指导。根据“Some...will come to give them more guidance.”及首字母可知,警察会给学员指导,policeman意为“警察”,some修饰可数名词复数,故填policemen。 8.road　句意:最后,那些学生将在路上进行测试,然后他们将获得他们的成绩。根据“At last, those students will have a test on the”及首字母可知,最后一步是路考,on the road意为“在路上”,故填road。 9.ready　句意:然后他们就准备好上路了。根据“If they can pass the test, they can get a bike license.”及首字母可知,那些学生得到自行车执照后就可以上路了,be ready for意为“准备好……”,故填ready。 10.skills　句意:学生们学到有用的骑自行车技能,与此同时,他们学到国家精神。根据“The students learn useful riding”及首字母可知,是学到有用的骑自行车技能,skill意为“技能,技术”,此空应填复数名词,故填skills。 （4） 根据短文内容及首字母提示,写出所缺单词。 How long does it take to build a new house? It usually takes several months. But each year, t　1　 of people work together to build new homes voluntarily(自愿地)! Who does this w　2　 work? Habitat for Humanity.  Habitat for Humanity is a group that builds homes for families in n　3　. It has branches (分部) in different states around the United States.  This group works all over the world, too. Volunteers help build the homes. They are unpaid workers who do all the work for f　4　. Volunteers can be builders and painters. They can be teachers or bankers. Some are students. Habitat for Humanity has built more than 300,000 houses in 2008. More than millions of people l　5　 in these houses.  Building a home is hard work. Volunteers learn h　6　to put up walls. They use many m　7　and tools. These selfless(无私的) volunteers work with the family that will live in the house. Everyone works together to make the family’s d　8　 come true.  Suruchi Srikanth has worked with Habitat for Humanity for four years. She b　9　 volunteering in high school. She has built many homes with other volunteers. She takes her responsibilities (责任) seriously. Volunteers know i　10　 they don’t help, homes may not get built. They are good citizens who care about other people.  [语篇解读]　建一个新家通常需要几个月的时间,但Habitat for Humanity这个组织的成员却在世界各地无偿帮忙建造新房屋,帮助那些没有房屋的人实现梦想。 1.thousands　句意:但是每年,成千上万的人自愿一起建造新家。thousands of意为“成千上万的,数千的”。 2.wonderful　句意:是谁完成了这项令人惊奇的工作?wonderful意为“令人惊奇的”。 3.need　句意:Habitat for Humanity是一个为有需要的家庭建造房子的团体。in need意为“在困难中”。 4.free　句意:他们是无偿做所有工作的工人。for free意为“免费”。 5.live　句意:超过几百万的人住在这些房子里。 live in意为“居住在”,主语为复数,根据设空处所在句上下文可知此处用一般现在时,故填live。 6.how　句意:志愿者们学习如何建墙。how意为“怎样,如何”,根据句意可知此处填how。 7.materials　句意:他们使用许多材料和工具。material意为“材料”,设空处前有many修饰,故使用其复数形式materials。 8.dream　句意:大家为了实现那个家庭的梦想而一起工作。dream意为“梦想”,此处指那个家庭有房的梦想,故填dream。 9.began　句意:她从高中开始当志愿者。根据“in high school”可知,此处应用一般过去时,begin意为“开始”,此处填入其过去式began。 10.if　句意:志愿者们知道,如果他们不帮忙,房子可能无法被建成。根据“homes may not get built”可知,这是一种假设下的情况,设空处应填if。 （5） Bike theft is big business. Close to 2 million bikes are stolen each year in North America, costing cyclists (骑自行车的人) nearly $1 b 1 , compared with $ 500 million 10 years ago. “It’s been crazy in r 2 years,” says Bryan Hance, who helps run Bike Index, where cyclists can register (注册) their bikes for f 3 and report them stolen online. More than 16,000 stolen bikes were reported last year, versus (对比) 11,000 in 2019. Hance says bike thefts aren’t high priority (当务之急) for police, creating room for v 4 who find stolen bikes and return them to the owners. Police say they take bike thefts seriously. Unfortunately, both in big cities and small towns a 5 the country the police don’t have enough manpower. Hance is an active cyclist who works in cyber-security (网络安全) in Portland, Oregon. He says he got into this volunteer work because far too many bikes went m 6 —and because he realizes it’s fun. “When the bikes are stolen, the owners’ lack (缺少) of transportation l 7 to losing jobs. Helping them get their bikes back really gives me a lot of d 8 . I enjoy helping them almost as m 9 as punishing thieves.” One morning, Hance was on the phone giving a 10 on how to go about meeting a seller and possible thief to get his bike back. “Meet at a bank and let security guards know what’s about to go down—just to be safe.” 【答案】1．(b)illion 2．(r)ecent 3．(f)ree 4．(v)olunteers 5．(a)round 6．(m)issing 7．(l)eads 8．(d)elight 9．(m)uch 10．(a)dvice 【导语】本文介绍了北美自行车被偷的现象。 1．句意：在北美，每年有近200万辆自行车被盗，这让骑自行车的人损失近10亿美元，而10年前的损失是5亿美元。根据“costing”可知，此处指自行车被盗造成的损失，结合首字母提示，billion“十亿”，符合语境。故填(b)illion。 2．句意：近年来情况一直很疯狂。in recent years是固定搭配，意为“近年来”，这里说近年来自行车盗窃情况疯狂。故填(r)ecent。 3．句意：在这个平台上，骑自行车的人可以免费注册他们的自行车，并在线报告自行车被盗情况。for free是固定短语，意思“免费”，文中说在Bike Index平台自行车车主可以免费注册自行车。故填(f)ree。 4．句意：汉奇说，自行车盗窃案对警方来说不是当务之急，这就为志愿者创造了机会，他们找到被盗自行车并归还给车主。根据“who find stolen bikes and return them to the owners”可知，此处是志愿者做这些事，且不止一个志愿者，用复数，结合首字母提示，volunteers“志愿者”，符合语境。故填(v)olunteers。 5．句意：不幸的是，在全国各地的大小城市和城镇，警方都缺乏足够的人手。around the country是固定短语，表示“全国各地”，这里说在全国范围内警方人手不足。故填(a)round。 6．句意：他说，他投身这项志愿工作，是因为太多自行车下落不明，还因为他觉得这很有趣。go missing是固定表达，意为“失踪；丢失”，文中说太多自行车丢失。故填(m)issing。 7．句意：自行车被盗后，车主缺乏交通工具，这可能会导致他们丢掉工作。lead to是固定短语，意为“导致”，这里说自行车被盗后车主缺乏交通工具会导致丢工作，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语lack是单数，动词用单三。故填(l)eads。 8．句意：帮他们找回自行车真的给我带来很大的快乐。根据“Helping them”可知，此处指帮助他人带来的感受，结合首字母提示，delight“快乐，喜悦”，符合语境，不可数名词。故填(d)elight。 9．句意：我几乎同样乐于帮助他们和惩罚小偷。as much as表示“和……一样多，几乎同样”，这里说他乐于帮助车主和惩罚小偷的程度几乎一样。故填(m)uch。 10．句意：一天早上，汉奇正在打电话提供建议，指导如何与卖家（可能是小偷）见面以找回被盗自行车。根据“how to go about meeting a seller”可知，此处指给出建议，结合首字母提示，advice“建议”，符合语境，不可数名词。故填(a)dvice。 （6） 根据短文内容和首字母提示,填写所缺单词. Chinese might be heard when you take a rest in the street. Turning your head, you see a Sichuan-style r 1 . After w 2 into a store, you see that Huawei smart phones are on sale. But you’re not in China—you’re in Manchester in Britain. In fact, you might see similar things in many o 3 cities. Chinese products (产品) become famous all over the world. Western countries enjoy Chinese food for a long p 4 of time. Chinese cooks change the dishes a bit to meet local people’s t 5 . Some Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. In a European store, I found that they sell TCL televisions, Haier f 6 and Lenovo computers. They were not simply m 7 in China, but also designed in the country. In the past, most Western people thought Chinese products were c 8 but have worse quality. Things have changed g 9 , though. For example, Huawei, which is one of China’s biggest smart phone makers, is more welcome than Apple in worldwide smart phone sales. “They are beautiful and provide better service,” CNN once said a 10 Chinese smart phones. Isn’t it amazing? 【答案】1．(r)estaurant 2．(w)alking 3．(o)ther 4．(p)eriod 5．(t)aste(s) 6．(f)ridges 7．(m)ade 8．(c)heaper 9．(g)reatly 10．(a)bout 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国制造的产品在全球许多国家热卖。 1．句意：转过头，你看到一家川菜馆。根据“Turning your head, you see a Sichuan-style ...”和首字母可知，此处指“川菜馆”，restaurant“饭店”，且a后加单数。故填(r)estaurant。 2．句意：走进一家商店，你会看到华为智能手机在打折。根据“After ... into a store, you see that Huawei smart phones are on sale.”和首字母可知，走进商店可以看到华为手机打折，walk into“走进”，且After后动名词。故填(w)alking。 3．句意：事实上，你可能会在许多其他城市看到类似的事情。根据“in Manchester”及“you might see similar things in many ... cities.”和首字母可知，在曼彻斯特可以看到这样的事情，在其他城市也可以，other“其他的”，修饰名词cities。故填(o)ther。 4．句意：西方国家喜欢中国菜很长一段时间了。根据“Western countries enjoy Chinese food for a long ... of time.”和首字母可知，此处指“很长一段时间”，period“一段时间”符合语境。故填(p)eriod。 5．句意：中国厨师为了迎合当地人的口味，对菜肴稍加改动。根据“Chinese cooks change the dishes a bit to meet local people’s ...”和首字母可知，改动菜肴是为了迎合当地人的口味，taste“口味”，可数名词，此处可以用单数，也可以用复数。故填(t)aste(s)。 6．句意：在欧洲的一家商店里，我发现他们卖TCL电视、海尔冰箱和联想电脑。根据“TCL televisions, Haier ... and Lenovo computers”和首字母可知，此处指“海尔空调”，fridge“冰箱”，此处用复数表示整体。故填(f)ridges。 7．句意：它们不仅在中国制造，而且在中国设计。根据“They were not simply ... in China”和首字母可知，这些产品是在中国制造的，be made in“在某地制造”。故填(m)ade。 8．句意：过去，大多数西方人认为中国产品更便宜，但质量更差。根据“Chinese products were ... but have worse quality.”和首字母可知，虽然更便宜，但是质量更差，cheaper“更便宜”，形容词作表语。故填(c)heaper。 9．句意：不过，情况已经发生了很大的变化。根据“Things have changed ...”和首字母可知，事情发生了很大变化，此处用副词修饰动作，greatly“很大地”。故填(g)reatly。 10．句意：CNN曾这样评价中国的智能手机：“它们很漂亮，服务也更好。”根据“said ... Chinese smart phones”和首字母可知，说的这些话是关于中国智能手机的。about“关于”符合语境。故填(a)bout。 （7） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Rabbits are cute, quiet and easy to look after. If you are thinking of k 1 one as a pet, here’s what you need to know. Housing A rabbit’s home should be dry, clean and safe. It should be large enough for the rabbit to be a 2 to jump and move around comfortably. So you need to get a larger area ready for the rabbit. This is important for i 3 health and happiness. Friends Rabbits are social animals. Some people may think they love being together with their own kind and it is nice to raise at l 4 two together. In fact, rabbits may fight against each other if they are in the same cage. So it’s a good idea to raise only one rabbit at home if you can spend enough time being with it. All paws on the floor Rabbits are quiet and they don’t make much n 5 so people think they are friendly. Because they are gentle and lovely, some people like to h 6 rabbits in their hands. But in fact, rabbits don’t enjoy this. They like keeping all their four f 7 on the ground for a rest or jumping around to get a delicious treat. The right food Rabbit’s diet should have grass, fresh water and vegetables. A 8 , they enjoy many kinds of fruits, like apples, mangoes, bananas and oranges. But remember not to f 9 them too much each time, or they may have some trouble. After reading the above information, do you still want one rabbit as a pet? Will you give the rabbit lots of care and love? Please think c 10 before you decide to have one. If you finally decide, be sure to take good care of it. 【答案】1．(k)eeping 2．(a)ble 3．(i)ts 4．(l)east 5．(n)oise 6．(h)old 7．(f)eet 8．(A)nyway 9．(f)eed 10．(c)arefully 【导语】本文主要介绍了饲养兔子需要知道的事情。 1．句意：如果你想养一只狗当宠物，以下是你需要知道的。根据“one as a pet”可知，是指养宠物，应用动词keep表示“饲养”。of是介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故填(k)eeping。 2．句意：它应该足够大，让兔子能够舒适地跳跃和移动。此处是短语be able to do“能够做”，故填(a)ble。 3．句意：这对它的健康和快乐很重要。此处是指兔子的健康和快乐，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填(i)ts。 4．句意：有些人可能会认为它们喜欢和自己的同类在一起，至少一起饲养两个是很好的。此处是固定短语at least“至少”，故填(l)east。 5．句意：兔子很安静，它们不会制造太多的噪音，所以人们认为它们是友好的，因为它们温柔可爱，有些人喜欢把兔子抱在手里。根据“Rabbits are quiet”可知，兔子很安静，所以不会制造很多噪音。noise“噪音”，不可数名词。故填(n)oise。 6．句意：兔子很安静，它们不会制造太多的噪音，所以人们认为它们是友好的，因为它们温柔可爱，有些人喜欢把兔子抱在手里。根据“rabbits in their hands”结合首字母可知，许多人喜欢把兔子捧在手里，此处应用动词hold，空前有动词不定式符号to，动词用原形。故填(h)old。 7．句意：它们喜欢把四只脚都放在地上休息，或者跳来跳去吃美味的食物。根据“on the ground for a rest”可知，兔子喜欢把四只脚都放在地上休息。feet“脚”，复数形式。故填(f)eet。 8．句意：不管怎样，它们喜欢吃很多种类的水果，比如苹果、芒果、香蕉和橙子。根据“Rabbit’s diet should have grass, fresh water and vegetables”和“they enjoy many kinds of fruits, like apples, mangoes, bananas and oranges.”可知，后句是转换话题，而且有递进的含义，此处可以用anyway表示“不管怎样，而且”。故填(A)nyway。 9．句意：但是记住不要每次都喂太多，否则它们可能会有麻烦。根据“them too much each time, or they may have some trouble.”可知，一次不要给兔子喂太多食物。feed“喂养”，空前有动词不定式符号，动词用原形。故填(f)eed。 10．句意：在你决定买之前请仔细考虑一下。根据“Please think c...before you decide to have one.”可知，建议大家在养兔子之前好好考虑下。carefully“仔细地”，副词修饰动词。故填(c)arefully。 （8） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 From your first library visit for “story time “ to your days spent studying as a college student, you will spend a lot of time in libraries. But do you know (h) 1 to behave in the library? Why do people always whisper (耳语)? Here are some (r) 2 for you to learn and respect. Your behavior in the library must be (d) 3 from your behavior at home. When you go to the library, you should turn off your phone or put it on silent (静音模式). (S) 4 from your phone may disturb (打扰) other people. If a call must be made, you should go out to (m) 5 it. Libraries are places for people to study. Therefore, you need to speak in a (l) 6 voice. If you want to discuss things with your study group, find a study room for your group. Most (c) 7 libraries have such study rooms. (N) 8 eat or drink when you are in the library. For one thing, the noise you make may make others angry. Also, your food crumbs (碎屑) might make the books (89) (d) 9 . Remember this golden rule: always treat others the (w) 10 you want to be treated. If you follow this rule, you will enjoy yourself in the library. 【答案】1．(h)ow 2．(r)ules 3．(d)ifferent 4．(S)ounds 5．(m)ake 6．(l)ow 7．(c)ollege 8．(N)ever 9．(d)irty 10．(w)ay 【导语】本文主要介绍了在图书馆应该遵守的一些规则。 1．句意：但是你知道在图书馆应该怎么做吗? 下文介绍了在图书馆需要学习和遵守的规则，可知这里在问你知道在图书馆应该怎么做，how to behave怎么做，故填(h)ow。 2．句意：这里有一些规则，你需要学习和遵守。分析下面的几段都是在讲在图书馆需要遵守的规则，可知空格所在的这一句话在总的介绍在图书馆需要学习和遵守的一些规则，rule，规则，可数名词，前面有some修饰，故这里要用rule的复数形式rules，故填(r)ules。 3．句意：你在图书馆的行为举止必须与你在家里的行为举止不同。依据空格下一句话“When you go to the library, you should turn off your phone or put it on silent.”可知在图书馆，手机必须保持关机或静音模式与在家不必要关机或静音不一样，be different from，与……不同，故填(d)ifferent。 4．句意：你手机里的声音可能会打扰到别人。根据句意“…from your phone may disturb other people.”可知手机发出的声音或许会打扰到别人，sound，声音，指手机发出的声音用复数形式sounds，故填(S)ounds。 5．句意：如果一定要打电话，你应该出去打。依据上文所讲在图书馆手机不能发出声音，更别说打电话了，所以如果真的要打电话，就得出去打，make it，英语习语，有很多用法，这里想表示设法打电话，故填(m)ake。 6．句意：因此，你需要用低的声音说话。根据本段落“Libraries are places for people to study.”可知图书馆是学习的地方，学习时需要安静，因此，在图书馆应当压低声音说话，low，低的，形容声调低沉，故填(l)ow。 7．句意：大多数大学图书馆都有这样的自习室。根据上文“If you want to discuss things with your study group, find a study room for your group.”可知如果你想和你的学习小组讨论一些事情，为你的小组找一个自习室，那有这样的自习室的地方一般在大学图书馆里就会有，故填(c)ollege。 8．句意：不要在图书馆吃东西或喝水。根据下文“For one thing, the noise you make may make others angry. ”提及到吃东西制造的噪音可能会让别人生气。所以该空所在句子想表达不要在图书馆吃东西或喝水，never，决不，放在句首引导祈使句，首字母大写，故填(N)ever。 9．句意：此外，你的食物碎屑可能会把书弄脏。根据上文提及不要在图书馆吃东西或喝水，原因是食物碎屑会把书弄脏，dirty，脏的，故填(d)irty。 10．句意：记住这条黄金法则:你希望别人怎样对待你，你就怎样对待别人。空格想表达对待的方式，way，方式，可数名词，这里想表达特指的一种方式就是别人对待你和你对待别人的一种相同方式，the way of……的方式，故填(w)ay。 （9） 请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Chinese Brand (品牌) is a very popular phrase now. We trust Chinese brands. In fact, many Chinese brands are popular at home and abroad (国外). Here are some e 1 . Technology (技术) From cellphones to drones (无人机), the world is c 2 because of Chinese technology. Huawei, for example, is the world’s s 3 largest cellphone company. M 4 than 170 countries use its cellphones. Huawei is a leader in 5 G technology t 5 . Fashion Feiyue, Huili and Li-Ning became world-famous. The shoes are c 6 , fashionable and comfortable to wear. You may know a t 7 of traditional Chinese clothes in Jiangsu Province. It is China Qipao Town. Many Chinese and foreign stars like to m 8 beautiful clothes in the town. Makeup (化妆品) Chinese makeup products (产品) are having their moment. People from over 100 countries like to buy Chinese makeup products, like “花西子”. Entertainment (娱乐) What’s one of the most popular apps in the US? It’s TikTok. 50 million US users spend about 46 minutes w 9 videos on it every day. But it’s not j 10 a time-killer. People can buy things on it too. 【答案】1．(e)xamples 2．(c)hanging 3．(s)econd 4．(M)ore 5．(t)oo 6．(c)heap 7．(t)own 8．(m)ake 9．(w)atching 10．(j)ust 【导语】本文主要介绍了许多中国品牌在国内外都受欢迎。 1．句意：以下是一些例子。根据“In fact, many Chinese brands are popular at home and abroad”及“Here are some”可知，下面举了一些例子来说明中国品牌在国内外都受欢迎，example“例子”，根据some可知，此空应填复数形式，故填(e)xamples。 2．句意：从手机到无人机，由于中国的技术，世界正在发生变化。根据“the world is …because of Chinese technology.”及首字母可知，因为高科技，这个世界正在发生变化，change“变化”，根据is可知，此空应填现在分词，故填(c)hanging。 3．句意：例如，华为是世界第二大手机公司。根据“the world’s … largest cellphone company”及首字母可知，是世界第二大手机公司，second“第二”符合，故填(s)econd。 4．句意：170多个国家使用华为手机。more than“超过，多于”，故填(M)ore。 5．句意：华为也是5 G技术的领导者。根据“Huawei is a leader in 5 G technology”及首字母可知，此处表示也是领导者，too“也”符合，故填(t)oo。 6．句意：鞋便宜、时尚、穿着舒适。根据“The shoes are …, fashionable and comfortable to wear”及首字母可知，鞋很便宜，cheap“便宜的”符合，故填(c)heap。 7．句意：你可能知道江苏省的一个中国传统服饰之乡。根据“It is China Qipao Town”可知，这是一个乡镇，town“城镇”，根据a可知，此空应填名词单数形式，故填(t)own。 8．句意：许多中外明星都喜欢在这城里做漂亮的衣服。根据“…beautiful clothes”及首字母可知，此处指制作衣服，make“制作”，like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”，故填(m)ake。 9．句意：50万美国用户每天花大约46分钟在上面看视频。根据videos及首字母可知，此处指观看视频，spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，此空应填动名词，故填(w)atching。 10．句意：但它不仅仅是一个消磨时间的工具。根据“not … a time-killer”以及“People can buy things on it too.”可知，不仅仅是一个消磨时间的工具，也可以在上面买东西，just“仅仅”，故填(j)ust。 （10） 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 First Chinese astronaut with glasses flew into space Shenzhou XVI spaceship successfully reached space on May 30. There are three p 1 on the ship: Jing Haipeng, 57, Zhu Yanazhu, 37, and Gui Haichao, 37. They are s 2 in many ways. Jing is now the most experienced (经验丰富的) astronaut in China. This is the fourth time for him to f 3 into space. Gui is a scientist. He is also the first Chinese civilian (平民/非军人) on a spaceflight. B 4 Zhu and Gui are China’s third-generation (第三代) astronauts. They were picked in 2020 from a group of researchers (研究人员) and engineers. One woman and 17 m 5 were picked. And they are in three groups. One group is spacecraft pilots. They “fly” the spaceship. A 6 group is spaceflight engineers. They “f 7 ” the spaceship. There is also a group of science payload Specialist (载荷专家), such as Gui. They do scientific studies in space. E 8 in the spaceship is a payload, such as machines, people, and animals. Science payload specialists are scientists on the ship. Gui’s glasses also draw people’s attention b 9 astronauts aren’t usually nearsighted (近视的). But picking specialists is different from picking other astronauts. It’s safe to wear glasses in the space station. However, during the launch (发射) and return, Gui n 10 to take off the glasses. Or there might be problems as the glasses may vibrate (振动) with the spacecraft. 【答案】1．(p)eople 2．(s)ignificant 3．(f)ly 4．(B)oth 5．(m)en 6．(A)nother 7．(f)ix 8．(E)ach 9．(b)ecause 10．(n)eeds 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国景海鹏、朱杨柱、桂海潮进入太空以及首位佩戴眼镜的宇航员桂海潮的情况。 1．句意：飞船上有3人。根据“Jing Haipeng, 57, Zhu Yanazhu, 37, and Gui Haichao, 37.”可知是指飞船上有3人；people“人”，集合名词，本身可以表示复数概念。故填(p)eople。 2．句意：他们在很多方面都很重要。根据“Jing is now the most experienced (经验丰富的) astronaut in China…Zhu and Gui are China’s third-generation (第三代) astronauts.”可知是指他们在很多方面都很重要；significant“重要的”，形容词作表语。故填(s)ignificant。 3．句意：这是他第四次飞入太空。根据“into space”可知是指飞入太空。不定式to后接动词原形，fly“飞”，故填(f)ly。 4．句意：朱和桂都是中国第三代航天员。根据“Zhu and Gui are China’s third-generation (第三代) astronauts”可知是指朱和桂都是中国第三代航天员。both…and“两者都”，故填(B)oth。 5．句意：一位女士和17位男士被选中。根据“One woman and 17”可知是指17位男士；空前有17修饰，用复数men“男人”。故填(m)en。 6．句意：另一组是航天工程师。根据“One group is spacecraft pilots…group”可知是指另一组是航天工程师，another“另一个”，符合语境。故填(A)nother。 7．句意：他们“修理”宇宙飞船。根据“spaceflight engineers”可知是指“建造”宇宙飞船。fix“修理，维修”，时态为一般现在时，主语是复数they，动词用原形。故填(f)ix。 8．句意：宇宙飞船中的每一个都是有效载荷，如机器、人和动物。根据“in the spaceship is a payload, such as machines, people, and animals”可知是指宇宙飞船中的每一个都是有效载荷，each“每一个”，故填(E)ach。 9．句意：桂的眼镜也引起了人们的注意，因为宇航员通常不会近视。前后表因果关系，because“因为”，故填(b)ecause。 10．句意：然而，在发射和返回期间，桂需要摘下眼镜。根据“to take off the glasses”可知是指需要摘下眼镜；need“需要”，时态为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式。故填(n)eeds。 1.（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Even though my grandfather was a farmer, my grandmother would iron his work clothes every day. Grandmother mixed up her own starch (淀粉浆) in a glass b 1 with a metal cap that had several holes. She sprinkled Grandfather’s jeans with the starch, hung them over a chair for a few minutes, and then i 2 them. Because I watched her do this through my childhood, I thought every old woman did it. But as the years passed, I began to question this p 3 . Why did Grandfather need his work clothes ironed? Most days, he never saw anyone b 4 me and maybe a few other farmers. The clothes became dirty in just a short time. Why did Grandmother s 5 devote time and effort to ironing Grandfather’s clothes that were rarely seen? One day when I was about 13, I asked Grandmother about it. She told me Grandfather was the most handsome man in the world. Later that day, I looked c 6 at Grandfather. He sure didn’t look so handsome to me. He was short and fat with false teeth (假牙). Later I told her my thought. She gave me a girlish smile and said, “You just aren’t looking in the right light, Cathy. I remember when he had r 7 teeth. He has the most beautiful eyes I have ever seen. They are e 8 the same color as the sky just before the sun goes down. I want the world to see my h 9 as the most beautiful man. I want him to feel beautiful. I iron his clothes every day because for all these years, he has made me feel beautiful.” The years went on, and I watched Grandmother and Grandfather grow old together. I was probably 30 when I u 10 what beauty really was. It was Grandmother ironing Grandfather’s jeans with starch from a glass bottle. 【答案】1．(b)ottle 2．(i)roned 3．(p)ractice 4．(b)ut 5．(s)till 6．(c)arefully 7．(r)eal 8．(e)xactly 9．(h)usband 10．(u)nderstood 【导语】本文主要讲述了奶奶给爷爷熨烫衣服，在奶奶眼里，爷爷是世界上最帅气的人，很多年过后作者才真正明白真正的美是什么。 1．句意：祖母在一个有几个洞的金属盖的玻璃瓶里把自己的淀粉浆混合在一起。根据“It was Grandmother ironing Grandfather’s jeans with starch from a glass bottle.”可知是一个玻璃瓶，a后加可数名词单数bottle“瓶子”。故填(b)ottle。 2．句意：她在爷爷的牛仔裤上撒上淀粉，把它们挂在椅子上几分钟，然后熨好。 根据“my grandmother would iron his work clothes”可知奶奶给爷爷熨烫衣服，iron“熨烫”，本文时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(i)roned。 3．句意：但随着时间的推移，我开始质疑这种做法。根据“I thought every old woman did it. But as the years passed, I began to question this”可知作者开始怀疑熨烫衣服的通常的做法，this后加可数名词单数practice“常规”。故填(p)ractice。 4．句意：大多数时候，除了我和其他一些农民，他从来没有见过任何人。根据“he never saw anyone...me and maybe a few other farmers”可知是除了我和其他一些农民，他从来没有见过任何人，but“除了”。故填(b)ut。 5．句意：为什么祖母仍然花时间和精力为祖父熨很少见到的衣服？根据“devote time and effort to ironing Grandfather’s clothes that were rarely seen?”可知作者好奇为什么奶奶仍然花时间和精力为祖父熨很少见到的衣服，still“仍然”。故填(s)till。 6．句意：那天晚些时候，我仔细地看着爷爷。根据“looked...at Grandfather”可知是仔细观察爷爷，修饰动词用副词carefully“认真地”。故填(c)arefully。 7．句意：我记得他长着真牙的时候。根据“He was short and fat with false teeth”可知现在爷爷戴着假牙，但是奶奶记得爷爷长着真牙的时候，修饰名词用形容词real“真的”。故填(r)eal。 8．句意：它们与太阳下山前的天空颜色完全相同。根据“the same color as the sky just before the sun goes down.”可知爷爷眼睛的颜色和太阳下山前的天空颜色完全相同，故此处用副词exactly“确切地”。故填(e)xactly。 9．句意：我想让全世界都把我的丈夫看作最美丽的男人。根据“as the most beautiful man”可知奶奶想让全世界都把她的丈夫当作最漂亮的男人，husband“丈夫”。故填(h)usband。 10．句意：我大概30岁的时候才明白真正的美丽是什么。根据“what beauty really was”可知是理解真正的美丽是什么，understand“理解”，根据“was”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填(u)nderstood。 2.（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Peter Pan wishes Wendy, John and Michael, especially Wendy, would stay in Neverland forever, but finally the Darling children decide to fly back home and grow up. “Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S 1 the window. Then when Wendy comes back, she will think her mother doesn’t love her anymore, and she will return to Neverland with me.” Mrs. Darling is playing the piano. Peter didn’t know the tune, Home, Sweet Home, b 2 he knows it’s saying, “Come back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter looks through the door and sees two big tears in Mrs. Darling’s eyes. “She loves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I love Wendy, too. We c 3 both have her.” He looks at Mrs. Darling again. The two tears are still sitting on her e 4 . “Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he opens the window. When Wendy, John, and Michael arrive, they find the window o 5 for them. They all get into bed to surprise their mother. When Mrs. Darling goes back to the children’s room, they are all in their beds. They wait for her to say something, but she says n 6 . She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire. The children are so w 7 . Why isn’t their mother happy to see them again? All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout, “Mother!” She realizes she is not d 8 anymore. Mr. Darling and Nana come in. They are all so happy. Peter w 9 them from the window but he is looking at something he will never have. Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g 10 up and has a daughter of her own. Peter is still a boy who can’t grow up. —Taken from Peter Pan 【答案】1．(S)hut 2．(b)ut 3．(c)an’t 4．(e)yes 5．(o)pen 6．(n)othing 7．(w)orried 8．(d)reaming 9．(w)atches 10．(g)rown 【导语】本文出自文学作品《彼得·潘》，讲述了小飞侠彼得·潘决定把朋友送回家的故事。 1．句意：关上窗户。根据“S... the window”可知，彼得想关上窗户，shut“关闭”符合语境，祈使句用动词原形开头。故填(S)hut。 2．句意：彼得不知道《家，甜蜜的家》这首曲子，但他知道它在说：“回来吧，温蒂，温蒂。”。根据“Peter didn’t know”和“he knows”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填(b)ut。 3．句意：我们不可能都拥有她。根据“She loves Wendy”和“But I love Wendy, too.”可知，他们都爱温蒂，但不能同时拥有她，can’t“不能”符合语境。故填(c)an’t。 4．句意：那两滴眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上。根据“two tears”可知，眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上，eye“眼睛”，用复数。故填(e)yes。 5．句意：当温蒂、约翰和迈克尔到达时，他们发现窗户为他们打开了。根据“Then he opens the window.”可知，窗户是开着的，open“打开的”，形容词作宾补。故填(o)pen。 6．句意：他们等她说什么，但她什么也没说。根据“They wait for her to say something, but…”可知，她什么也没说，不定代词nothing“什么都没有”符合语境。故填(n)othing。 7．句意：孩子们很担心。根据“Why isn’t their mother happy to see them again?”可知，孩子们是担心的，worried“担心的”，形容词作表语。故填(w)orried。 8．句意：她意识到自己不是在做梦了。根据“All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout, ‘Mother!’ ”可知，孩子们去喊妈妈，让她知道自己没有在做梦，孩子们真的回来了，dream“做梦”，用现在分词形式与is构成现在进行时。故填(d)reaming。 9．句意：彼得从窗户看着他们，但他看到的是他永远不会拥有的东西。根据“but he is looking at something he will never have.”可知，彼得在看着他们，watch“看，注视”符合语境，时态为一般现在时，主语是“Peter”，动词用三单。故填(w)atches。 10．句意：当彼得再次拜访温蒂时，她已经长大了，有了自己的女儿。根据“Many years pass.”可知，温蒂长大了，grow up“长大”，固定短语，grow用过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时。故填(g)rown。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业13 首字母填空 这种题型难度相对较大,考生失分现象比较严重。考生要仔细阅读全文,利用上下文提供的有关信息,仔细阅读相关句子,判断所缺单词在句中所作的成分,这样才能写出正确答案。要做好此类题目,考生不但要有较强的语感,善于体会上下文的内在联系,而且还要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。 解题步骤 1. 跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。 2. 复读短文，确定语义，判断句子成分。 3.判断空格单词在句子成分里的词性，缩小范围。 4.联系上下文，找关键信息推测出答案。 5.通读短文，检查答案。注意时态，语法，以及词性等问题。 解题技巧 1.理清文章脉络 　　首字母填空有种“另类完形填空”的感觉。所以在解题技巧上两者有共通之处,先要通读整篇 文章,了解文章主要描述了什么,要表达什么意思,在弄清楚了文章大意和中心思想后,在答题时就能 够大致划定单词的范围。在通读文章的过程中,对于容易确定的答案可先填上。 例1    Here are some t　　      to help improve children's working memory. 2.找出提示词 　　解题时注意段落的首句和尾句,这两个地方会提供不少解题信息。有的短文只有一段,这时要仔细推敲设空处的上下文,找到关键词句,抓住关键信息,可按照文章段落句子的意思,猜测每个空逻辑上符合的词义,并根据首字母的提示,进一步缩小单词可选范围,最终确定答案。 例2    Eating vegetables does not make us f because they are low in calories. 例3 Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum is different from all the other m which are themed on the Grand Canal in China. Why not come and visit it yourself? 3.确定适当形式 仅仅确定了单词可能还不是最终答案,要根据文章实际情况,变换词形。确定了填写某个单词之后,要考虑语法是否正确,是否符合句式结构,能否使得文章变通顺。 动词的填写,要判断所在段落句子的时态,根据不同的情况,动词有原形、过去式、第三人称单数、过去分词等几种形式;名词的填写,要考虑是否可数、名词单复数的变化;形容词的填写,要考虑是否要用比较级或最高级等。这些都是要在最终确定答案前要考虑到的。 例4   This is not because they are the most nutritious, but because they are the (71)e to grow. 例5   The 25.7-meter-long, 8-meter-high ancient Bian River section is c       by many as the “treasure of the museum”. 二层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优 （1） 根据短文内容及首字母提示,写出所缺单词。 People live in different kinds of houses in the world. Usually, each house has i　1　 own living room, bedroom, k　2　and bathroom. Different houses have different n　3　. What are they? Now, let’s take a look.  A flat is usually in a building. There are usually many f　4　 living in the same flat building. People in a flat building s　5　 the same stairs(楼梯) and lifts (电梯) to go up and down.  A townhouse has two floors. In a townhouse, the kitchen, the living room and the dining room are usually on the ground floor, and the bedrooms are usually on the f　6　 floor.  A farmhouse is a house on a farm. There are many farmers living there. There is a large yard(院子) in f　7　 of it. There are also some “houses” for cows and hens near the farmhouse. The field is not f　8　 from the farmhouse, so farmers always go to the field on f　9　.  A dormitory(宿舍) is a large bedroom in a s　10　, and every 4-8 students share one dormitory. They share the same bathroom, but each student has his or her own bed. Students can learn how to get along(相处) well with each other in a dormitory.  （2） 根据短文内容及首字母提示,写出所缺单词。 If you want to feel the sense of real Beijing, walk on the main streets and visit a quadrangle dwelling(四合院). As traditional buildings, quadrangle dwellings are mostly seen in northern C　1　. A typical(典型的) quadrangle dwelling has a big square courtyard w　2　 four buildings on all four sides. Usually, one big family lives here. The d　3　 of a quadrangle dwelling follows Confucian(儒家的) ideas of respecting(尊重) the old. The northern main house gets the most sunshine, s　4　 the oldest member of the family lives there. The east and west wing houses are for children and grandchildren. The southern building is closest to the doorway. It is usually for servants(仆人) or guests. Living under the same roof h　5　 to form a strong family bond(纽带). Every family member stays close by sharing laughs and cries t　6　. Later, quadrangle dwellings developed into neighborhoods for many different families. Strangers became n　7　. Their children became friends. When one family had p　8　, all warm⁃hearted neighbors came to help.  But nowadays, many m　9　 tall buildings have replaced(取代) many of these traditional, beautiful buildings. The n　10　 of quadrangle dwellings in Beijing has dropped(下降) from over 26,000 in the Qing Dynasty to about 4,000 today. In order to protect quadrangle dwellings, the government has collected about a thousand valuable quadrangle dwellings in The Records of Beijing Siheyuan.  （3） 根据短文内容及首字母提示,写出所缺单词。 Most children in Germany learn to ride bikes with their parents’ help when they are quite young. But if they want to ride bikes alone on the road, they h　1　 to pass a test. The test is quite l　2　 our driving test.  First, the students must learn about h　3　 to ride bikes safely on the road. They’ll have about thirty classes. Each student will have a book and the book t　4　 them how to keep safe on the road, how to keep o　5　 safe and what to do if they get hurt. So the students always find it very h　6　 after reading.  After the classes, the students will have written tests. Then, they will do some riding practice at school. Some p　7　 will come to give them more guidance.  At last, those students will have a test on the r　8　, then they will get their scores. If they can pass the test, they can get a bike license. Then they are r　9　 for the road!  We know people from Germany are precise(认真的). We can see this from their riding test for primary school students. The students learn useful riding s　10　, and at the same time, they learn the spirit(精神) of the country.  （4） 根据短文内容及首字母提示,写出所缺单词。 How long does it take to build a new house? It usually takes several months. But each year, t　1　 of people work together to build new homes voluntarily(自愿地)! Who does this w　2　 work? Habitat for Humanity.  Habitat for Humanity is a group that builds homes for families in n　3　. It has branches (分部) in different states around the United States.  This group works all over the world, too. Volunteers help build the homes. They are unpaid workers who do all the work for f　4　. Volunteers can be builders and painters. They can be teachers or bankers. Some are students. Habitat for Humanity has built more than 300,000 houses in 2008. More than millions of people l　5　 in these houses.  Building a home is hard work. Volunteers learn h　6　to put up walls. They use many m　7　and tools. These selfless(无私的) volunteers work with the family that will live in the house. Everyone works together to make the family’s d　8　 come true.  Suruchi Srikanth has worked with Habitat for Humanity for four years. She b　9　 volunteering in high school. She has built many homes with other volunteers. She takes her responsibilities (责任) seriously. Volunteers know i　10　 they don’t help, homes may not get built. They are good citizens who care about other people.  （5） Bike theft is big business. Close to 2 million bikes are stolen each year in North America, costing cyclists (骑自行车的人) nearly $1 b 1 , compared with $ 500 million 10 years ago. “It’s been crazy in r 2 years,” says Bryan Hance, who helps run Bike Index, where cyclists can register (注册) their bikes for f 3 and report them stolen online. More than 16,000 stolen bikes were reported last year, versus (对比) 11,000 in 2019. Hance says bike thefts aren’t high priority (当务之急) for police, creating room for v 4 who find stolen bikes and return them to the owners. Police say they take bike thefts seriously. Unfortunately, both in big cities and small towns a 5 the country the police don’t have enough manpower. Hance is an active cyclist who works in cyber-security (网络安全) in Portland, Oregon. He says he got into this volunteer work because far too many bikes went m 6 —and because he realizes it’s fun. “When the bikes are stolen, the owners’ lack (缺少) of transportation l 7 to losing jobs. Helping them get their bikes back really gives me a lot of d 8 . I enjoy helping them almost as m 9 as punishing thieves.” One morning, Hance was on the phone giving a 10 on how to go about meeting a seller and possible thief to get his bike back. “Meet at a bank and let security guards know what’s about to go down—just to be safe.” （6） 根据短文内容和首字母提示,填写所缺单词. Chinese might be heard when you take a rest in the street. Turning your head, you see a Sichuan-style r 1 . After w 2 into a store, you see that Huawei smart phones are on sale. But you’re not in China—you’re in Manchester in Britain. In fact, you might see similar things in many o 3 cities. Chinese products (产品) become famous all over the world. Western countries enjoy Chinese food for a long p 4 of time. Chinese cooks change the dishes a bit to meet local people’s t 5 . Some Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. In a European store, I found that they sell TCL televisions, Haier f 6 and Lenovo computers. They were not simply m 7 in China, but also designed in the country. In the past, most Western people thought Chinese products were c 8 but have worse quality. Things have changed g 9 , though. For example, Huawei, which is one of China’s biggest smart phone makers, is more welcome than Apple in worldwide smart phone sales. “They are beautiful and provide better service,” CNN once said a 10 Chinese smart phones. Isn’t it amazing? （7） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Rabbits are cute, quiet and easy to look after. If you are thinking of k 1 one as a pet, here’s what you need to know. Housing A rabbit’s home should be dry, clean and safe. It should be large enough for the rabbit to be a 2 to jump and move around comfortably. So you need to get a larger area ready for the rabbit. This is important for i 3 health and happiness. Friends Rabbits are social animals. Some people may think they love being together with their own kind and it is nice to raise at l 4 two together. In fact, rabbits may fight against each other if they are in the same cage. So it’s a good idea to raise only one rabbit at home if you can spend enough time being with it. All paws on the floor Rabbits are quiet and they don’t make much n 5 so people think they are friendly. Because they are gentle and lovely, some people like to h 6 rabbits in their hands. But in fact, rabbits don’t enjoy this. They like keeping all their four f 7 on the ground for a rest or jumping around to get a delicious treat. The right food Rabbit’s diet should have grass, fresh water and vegetables. A 8 , they enjoy many kinds of fruits, like apples, mangoes, bananas and oranges. But remember not to f 9 them too much each time, or they may have some trouble. After reading the above information, do you still want one rabbit as a pet? Will you give the rabbit lots of care and love? Please think c 10 before you decide to have one. If you finally decide, be sure to take good care of it. （8） 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 From your first library visit for “story time “ to your days spent studying as a college student, you will spend a lot of time in libraries. But do you know (h) 1 to behave in the library? Why do people always whisper (耳语)? Here are some (r) 2 for you to learn and respect. Your behavior in the library must be (d) 3 from your behavior at home. When you go to the library, you should turn off your phone or put it on silent (静音模式). (S) 4 from your phone may disturb (打扰) other people. If a call must be made, you should go out to (m) 5 it. Libraries are places for people to study. Therefore, you need to speak in a (l) 6 voice. If you want to discuss things with your study group, find a study room for your group. Most (c) 7 libraries have such study rooms. (N) 8 eat or drink when you are in the library. For one thing, the noise you make may make others angry. Also, your food crumbs (碎屑) might make the books (89) (d) 9 . Remember this golden rule: always treat others the (w) 10 you want to be treated. If you follow this rule, you will enjoy yourself in the library. （9） 请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 Chinese Brand (品牌) is a very popular phrase now. We trust Chinese brands. In fact, many Chinese brands are popular at home and abroad (国外). Here are some e 1 . Technology (技术) From cellphones to drones (无人机), the world is c 2 because of Chinese technology. Huawei, for example, is the world’s s 3 largest cellphone company. M 4 than 170 countries use its cellphones. Huawei is a leader in 5 G technology t 5 . Fashion Feiyue, Huili and Li-Ning became world-famous. The shoes are c 6 , fashionable and comfortable to wear. You may know a t 7 of traditional Chinese clothes in Jiangsu Province. It is China Qipao Town. Many Chinese and foreign stars like to m 8 beautiful clothes in the town. Makeup (化妆品) Chinese makeup products (产品) are having their moment. People from over 100 countries like to buy Chinese makeup products, like “花西子”. Entertainment (娱乐) What’s one of the most popular apps in the US? It’s TikTok. 50 million US users spend about 46 minutes w 9 videos on it every day. But it’s not j 10 a time-killer. People can buy things on it too. （10） 根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写所缺单词。 First Chinese astronaut with glasses flew into space Shenzhou XVI spaceship successfully reached space on May 30. There are three p 1 on the ship: Jing Haipeng, 57, Zhu Yanazhu, 37, and Gui Haichao, 37. They are s 2 in many ways. Jing is now the most experienced (经验丰富的) astronaut in China. This is the fourth time for him to f 3 into space. Gui is a scientist. He is also the first Chinese civilian (平民/非军人) on a spaceflight. B 4 Zhu and Gui are China’s third-generation (第三代) astronauts. They were picked in 2020 from a group of researchers (研究人员) and engineers. One woman and 17 m 5 were picked. And they are in three groups. One group is spacecraft pilots. They “fly” the spaceship. A 6 group is spaceflight engineers. They “f 7 ” the spaceship. There is also a group of science payload Specialist (载荷专家), such as Gui. They do scientific studies in space. E 8 in the spaceship is a payload, such as machines, people, and animals. Science payload specialists are scientists on the ship. Gui’s glasses also draw people’s attention b 9 astronauts aren’t usually nearsighted (近视的). But picking specialists is different from picking other astronauts. It’s safe to wear glasses in the space station. However, during the launch (发射) and return, Gui n 10 to take off the glasses. Or there might be problems as the glasses may vibrate (振动) with the spacecraft. 1.（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Even though my grandfather was a farmer, my grandmother would iron his work clothes every day. Grandmother mixed up her own starch (淀粉浆) in a glass b 1 with a metal cap that had several holes. She sprinkled Grandfather’s jeans with the starch, hung them over a chair for a few minutes, and then i 2 them. Because I watched her do this through my childhood, I thought every old woman did it. But as the years passed, I began to question this p 3 . Why did Grandfather need his work clothes ironed? Most days, he never saw anyone b 4 me and maybe a few other farmers. The clothes became dirty in just a short time. Why did Grandmother s 5 devote time and effort to ironing Grandfather’s clothes that were rarely seen? One day when I was about 13, I asked Grandmother about it. She told me Grandfather was the most handsome man in the world. Later that day, I looked c 6 at Grandfather. He sure didn’t look so handsome to me. He was short and fat with false teeth (假牙). Later I told her my thought. She gave me a girlish smile and said, “You just aren’t looking in the right light, Cathy. I remember when he had r 7 teeth. He has the most beautiful eyes I have ever seen. They are e 8 the same color as the sky just before the sun goes down. I want the world to see my h 9 as the most beautiful man. I want him to feel beautiful. I iron his clothes every day because for all these years, he has made me feel beautiful.” The years went on, and I watched Grandmother and Grandfather grow old together. I was probably 30 when I u 10 what beauty really was. It was Grandmother ironing Grandfather’s jeans with starch from a glass bottle. 2.（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词） Peter Pan wishes Wendy, John and Michael, especially Wendy, would stay in Neverland forever, but finally the Darling children decide to fly back home and grow up. “Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S 1 the window. Then when Wendy comes back, she will think her mother doesn’t love her anymore, and she will return to Neverland with me.” Mrs. Darling is playing the piano. Peter didn’t know the tune, Home, Sweet Home, b 2 he knows it’s saying, “Come back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter looks through the door and sees two big tears in Mrs. Darling’s eyes. “She loves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I love Wendy, too. We c 3 both have her.” He looks at Mrs. Darling again. The two tears are still sitting on her e 4 . “Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he opens the window. When Wendy, John, and Michael arrive, they find the window o 5 for them. They all get into bed to surprise their mother. When Mrs. Darling goes back to the children’s room, they are all in their beds. They wait for her to say something, but she says n 6 . She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire. The children are so w 7 . Why isn’t their mother happy to see them again? All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout, “Mother!” She realizes she is not d 8 anymore. Mr. Darling and Nana come in. They are all so happy. Peter w 9 them from the window but he is looking at something he will never have. Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g 10 up and has a daughter of her own. Peter is still a boy who can’t grow up. —Taken from Peter Pan 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$