暑假作业12 语法填空-【暑假分层作业】2025年七年级英语暑假培优练（译林版2024）

限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业12 语法填空 易考词性出现背景： 1. 名词 1）名词出现的背景 动词后作宾语、介词后作宾语、冠词之后、数词之后 2）名词词形技巧：主要考虑名词的单复数及其所有格形式。 2. 动词 1） 动词出现的背景 主宾或介宾之间的动词．be动词后的动词：进行时与被动语态；情态动词之后缺动词；并列关系中的动词；主谓分离后的谓语动词形式；分词后置作定语：过去分词和现在分词。 2）动词词形技巧： 主要考虑是要填动词的谓语形式(原形、第三人称单数、 过去式、现在分词及其过去分词形式。)还是填动词的非谓语形式(不定式， 现在分词，过去分词) 3. 形容词 1）形容词出现的背景 作表语、作定语修饰名词、用在某些动词后作宾语补足语 2）形容词词形技巧： 主要考虑形容词原形、比较级、最高级形式。 4. 副词 1）副词出现的背景 A．句首，作状语修饰整个句子 B．在动宾结构之后或系表结构之间表程度、方式、频率等，修饰动词 C. 在所修饰的形容词之前，作程度副词 2). 副词词形技巧：主要考虑副词原形、比较级、最高级形式。 5. 代词 代替前文出现的人、物或一件事 6. 介词 注意常用的介词用法和固定搭配 7. 连词 注意上下文及句子之间的逻辑关系 8. 冠词 a\an\the的用法区分 9. 平时的学习和做题过程中也要注意积累固定搭配和固定句型，培养语感。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 （1） 请认真阅读下面短文，填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Children often ask for money from their parents. But in the US, some students work as babysitters (临时保姆) to get money. Noa Mintz, 1 (have) her babysitting shop. About three years 2 , Mintz, worked for some time as a babysitter. She found that there was no good way for 3 (family) to find babysitters. So she wanted to do something about it. Mintz started Nannies by Noa in 4 (she) summer vacation. It helps employers (雇主) and babysitters to find each other 5 (quick). At first, Mintz 6 (help) to write down the names of her friends and classmates who wanted to babysit (当保姆). Later, Nannies by Noa 7 (become) a big shop. It now has 25 full-time nannies (全职保姆) and 50 babysitters. When 8 (talk) about her work, she feels proud (自豪的). She knows it’s just 9 start. “It’s good to see that I give people jobs. It’s great to see 10 I can do.” said Mintz. （2） 请根据短文内容，用括号中所给单词的正确形式或时态填空，使短文通顺。 Mary always enjoys fixing things by herself, even though she doesn’t know much about it. She sometimes 1 (fail) because she isn’t good at it. For example, in her garage, there are pieces of a lawnmower (割草机) that she once tried her 2 (good) to fix it. In fact, her brother Tod doesn’t think she 3 (have) the ability to do it some day. The other day, when Tod came home, he wasn’t 4 (surprise) to see her trying to fix her old vacuum cleaner (吸尘器), but she 5 (not open) the machine with a screwdriver at last. “This makes me so angry! I don’t want to try a 6 (two) time!” she complained. “I’m not sure what I can do to fix it. When I turn it on, it’s too 7 (noise). Do you have any ideas? I 8 (look) forward to your ideas at the moment.” she asked Tod. Of course, Tod wasn’t sure what to say and he didn’t want to make her angry, either. Suddenly, the lawnmower came to his mind and he 9 (think) of something funny to say. “If you want the vacuum cleaner to cooperate (合作), how about 10 (take) it out to the garage and showing it the lawnmower that you worked on?” （3） 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 Xiaoming is 12 years old. He lives in a small village (村庄) in the countryside. Today is his 1 (twelve) birthday. His parents get a nice dinner ready 2 him, but the boy says, “I won’t have the dinner because my parents are going to a big city tomorrow. I don’t want to let them go.” In fact, it is 3 first birthday that Xiaoming is spending with his parents. After Xiaoming was born, he lived with his grandparents at home. His parents 4 (stay) in a big city and worked to make money. They 5 came back home. Tomorrow they will leave home for that city again. Xiaoming is not the only left-behind child (留守儿童) in our country. In the countryside of China there are 6 (many) than 20 million children staying at home without their parents. Left-behind children have a lot of problems. Many of 7 (they) stay at home with their grandparents. They can’t get 8 (parents) care, so they often feel lonely. Some of them don’t learn 9 (good) because their parents can’t help them with study. The Chinese government (政府) cares much about left-behind children and is trying 10 (help) with their problems. （4） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 (每空不限填一词) Zhu Yanjun, a migrant worker (农民工), once worked in different cities. He has a strong love-for reading poems and books. In early February this year, Zhu won the 1 (two) place in the yearly Chinese Poetry Competition (中国诗词大会). It surprised 2 whole country. Zhu was born in Jingning, Gansu. 3 he was only seven, he became interested in poems. But his family was too poor 4 (buy) him new books. He had to borrow some 5 his classmates. After finishing school, he went to work at different construction sites (建筑工地) in more than 30 cities. Every time he got to a city, he visited 6 (library) and bookshops. To make some notes, he always took a notebook with 7 (he). “Rainy days were the 8 (good). During those days, workers 9 (not need) to work. I could stay in the bookshop 10 (quiet) and do some reading.” Zhu told a reporter in an interview (采访). Reading helps Zhu a Jot. He never complains about hard work. When meeting problems, he always keeps trying and never gives up. （5） 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。 John lives in a town 20 kilometers away from London. He loves 1 (eat) sweet food so much that he 2 (work) in a bakery (面包店) in 3 (nine) Street. He helps make 4 (hundred) of cakes every day. Yesterday afternoon, there was little flour (面粉) for cakes. So the owner asked him 5 (go) and get another bag of flour. John ran to the back room and found the bags lying on the top shelf. The shelf was much taller than he was. He could not 6 (reach) them at all. Then a good idea came to his mind. He 7 (carry) a ladder, put it behind the door and climbed up. When he was carrying one bag down, 8 (sudden), someone opened the door. It was the owner. He 9 (not see) John behind the door. John fell down and all the flour was on his head. The owner was too angry to say a word. John said, “I 10 (be) more careful next time.” （6） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A small talk is a good way to kill time and make friends. If you travel to other 1 (country), do you know what to say to start 2 excellent small talk with local (当地的) people? In the UK the best topic is the weather. British weather changes quite often. You can start to talk by saying “Wow, it 3 (rain) heavily now. Maybe it will be sunny a few hours later.” Besides the weather, you can talk about gardens. For example, you could say, “Those flowers look really beautiful, don’t they?” English people love their pets. 4 it’s nice to begin with “What a lovely dog! What’s 5 (it) name?” In America, people like to talk about sports, such as American football and basketball. You can also begin talking 6 (easy) with clothes. “It’s a nice shirt. Where did you get it?” “I 7 (buy) it in a store near my home.” Of course, you shouldn’t talk about some topics. Don’t 8 (ask) people “How old are you?” Age is usually secret for women. Never ask “How much money do you make?” It makes people 9 (happy). Don’t ask strangers (陌生人) whether (是否) they have a girlfriend 10 a boyfriend. （7） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last Friday, students from Guangming Middle School enjoyed Labour Day (劳动节). Bella, one of the students in the school 1 (write) about this day. In the morning, we took the school bus to the destination (目的地) and it’s about a fifty 2 (minute) bus ride. After we went to our rooms, 3 18-year-old instructor (导师) showed us how to make the bed and where to put our things. In the beginning, we were not 4 (interest) in doing these easy things. But the instructor said, “Even easy things will be difficult if you don’t study hard.” In the end, we spent over half an hour learning how to tidy up the room. At lunchtime, the instructor told us, “You have to wash the dishes after eating.” I didn’t know how to do it so I played with my two friends at first. “What are you doing? Look! The other students are all washing the dishes, but you 5 (have) fun here.” The instructor said angrily. Then he showed 6 (we) how to clean them. After that, we did it 7 the same way and the dishes looked much cleaner! In the evening, the teachers taught us to make cakes. We made some mistakes (错误) when baking. 8 (luck), the teachers helped us and we made many delicious cakes at last! The number of the cakes 9 (be) sixty and everyone was very excited. I was really happy 10 I ate food cooked by myself. That night, we didn’t waste any rice. Time went by quickly, and Labour Day ended. Now, I think it’s time for me to help my mother more at home. （8） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My name is Anna and I come 1 a small town in Poland. It is peaceful and free from the hustle and bustle (熙熙攘攘) of big cities. I 2 (move) to Qingzhen in Guiyang in 2018. Tall buildings and romantic atmosphere (浪漫的氛围) make 3 famous. The food in Qingzhen is special and delicious. In the morning, I get up early to stroll around the morning market. Along the road, I usually see some Chinese 4 (sell) all kinds of traditional Chinese breakfast, such as baozi, dumplings and noodles. After breakfast, I go out for 5 walk to explore (探索) new places. And I go to my favorite restaurant for some local food at night. Triangle Garden is one of my favorite 6 (place) in Qingzhen. It is filled with small shops, restaurants, farmers’ markets, and many old houses. Every time I arrive there, I feel relaxed. Why do I decide to settle down here? 7 I can always find interesting things to do in Qingzhen. And it often impresses (使印象深刻) me with its 8 (nature) beauty. In spring, I go to Xiangchou Guizhou scenic area (景区) to play with animals or have a picnic. In summer, I go swimming at Hongfeng Lake or visit the water park with friends. There are many mountains, forests and lakes in Qingzhen. They make it a great place for 9 (boat), hiking and cycling. Qingzhen is my second hometown. It’s really a good place 10 (enjoy) a peaceful life! （9） 根据短文内容和上下文的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Kunming is very beautiful. There 1 (be) many places of interest there. Many people like visiting them every year. The summer holiday is coming. Jenny and her three friends plan to go there in the summer holiday. Jenny likes 2 (take) photos. She plans to take a camera with her. Tina likes playing the guitar. She plays very 3 . She wants to take a guitar to perform (表演) for people. Tony likes reading. He plans to carry some 4 (book) with him. They want to stay there for about two weeks. But how do they get there? The children have 5 (they) own ideas. Tina thinks that it is too far. They can’t take the train. 6 wants to go by plane. Tony and Mike think it is too expensive. Tony thinks it is interesting for them to take the train. He thinks they can play cards together 7 talk to each other on the train. Jenny also wants to go there by train. Later, they decide (决定) to go by train. The train starts 8 7: 45 in the morning. They will 9 (get) to Kunming at about 4: 30 in the afternoon. They will spend about nine hours on 10 train. They will have a good time. （10） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文，汉语提示及所给单词，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内词语的正确形式。 Dopamine (多巴胺) dressing becomes popular on TikTok. It encourages people to wear colorful clothing so that they can get dopamine and feel happy. But is there 1 (real) any science behind this? Dopamine is a chemical (化学物质) in our brain. It can affect (影响) 2 we feel. According to Science Focus magazine, although there 3 (be) no study about how colorful clothes can help to make more dopamine now, some studies showed how we act and feel has something to do with the clothes we are 4 . One study showed that 5 (wear) red can help a person to have a better performance (表现). They 6 (find) that in soccer matches over the last 55 years, teams with a red kit (队服) always played better in home games than any other kit color. 7 (另一) study showed that green can make people become 8 (更多的) creative (有创造力的). It turned out that green has also been 9 color to help people relax, maybe because it makes us think of 10 (natural). Yellow, and its suggestions (联想) of summer and warmth, can always bring people happiness, energy (能量) and excitement. 1.（2024·江苏苏州·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When cultures meet, not just their language or clothing may be different. Often their food will be 1 (great) different too. People on both sides can discover new chances for trading. This text 2 (tell) how some common food plants spread around the world. As early as 5, 000 BC, 3 (potato) were traded in South America as a valuable type of food. They were 4 (take) to Europe in the 1500s and their use soon spread across it. Tea drinking started in China. By the early 1600s, traders had begun to ship tea from China to Europe. Tea drinking soon 5 (become) fashionable there but because 6 its high price, it remained a drink for the wealthy. Sugar cane (甘蔗) was first used to produce 7 kind of sweet juice over 8, 000 years ago on the island of New Guinea. Its use soon spread across South East Asia and then to the 8 (wide) world. Cocoa was used to make a cold, spicy drink in Central America over 3, 000 years ago. The Europeans brought it back with 9 (they) in the 1520s and added sugar to make the sweet, hot drink we know today. 10 it’s expensive, many people still love it. 2.（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题） Su Shi, known as Su Dongpo, was a famous Chinese writer, poet and painter. When he was young, he read a lot of books and wrote many good articles. People thought 1 (high) of him. Because of this, he became very proud and wrote a couplet (对联) for 2 (him). Knowing all the words in the world; Reading all the books on the earth. A wise old man saw this couplet and thought, “It is necessary for Su Shi 3 (learn) how to be modest.” So, one day, he came to Su Shi’s house with a book. The old man showed Su Shi the book and explained, “So far, I 4 (read) the book several times, but there are still some difficult words that I can’t understand. I have asked many people, but none of them could understand their 5 (meaning). I have heard that you are a person of rich knowledge, so I come to ask you.” Full of confidence, Su Shi took the book from the old 6 (man) hand, but when he opened it, he became very 7 (surprise) because there were many words he didn’t know. At that moment, Su Shi realized that there were many more things that he had to learn. Actually, the old man knew every word in this book. He just wanted to make Su Shi know the importance of 8 (be) modest. Su Shi was embarrassed (尴尬的) and said, “Now I know why you came. I shouldn’t have been so arrogant (自大的).” The old man smiled and 9 (leave). Then Su Shi quickly took his brush and ink, and added some words to the couplet: Working hard to know all the words in the world; Being determined to read all the books on the earth. From then on, he worked even 10 (hard) than before. Finally, Su Shi made great achievements in many fields, especially in literature. 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 限时练习：40min 完成时间： 月 日 天气： 作业12 语法填空 易考词性出现背景： 1. 名词 1）名词出现的背景 动词后作宾语、介词后作宾语、冠词之后、数词之后 2）名词词形技巧：主要考虑名词的单复数及其所有格形式。 2. 动词 1） 动词出现的背景 主宾或介宾之间的动词．be动词后的动词：进行时与被动语态；情态动词之后缺动词；并列关系中的动词；主谓分离后的谓语动词形式；分词后置作定语：过去分词和现在分词。 2）动词词形技巧： 主要考虑是要填动词的谓语形式(原形、第三人称单数、 过去式、现在分词及其过去分词形式。)还是填动词的非谓语形式(不定式， 现在分词，过去分词) 3. 形容词 1）形容词出现的背景 作表语、作定语修饰名词、用在某些动词后作宾语补足语 2）形容词词形技巧： 主要考虑形容词原形、比较级、最高级形式。 4. 副词 1）副词出现的背景 A．句首，作状语修饰整个句子 B．在动宾结构之后或系表结构之间表程度、方式、频率等，修饰动词 C. 在所修饰的形容词之前，作程度副词 2). 副词词形技巧：主要考虑副词原形、比较级、最高级形式。 5. 代词 代替前文出现的人、物或一件事 6. 介词 注意常用的介词用法和固定搭配 7. 连词 注意上下文及句子之间的逻辑关系 8. 冠词 a\an\the的用法区分 9. 平时的学习和做题过程中也要注意积累固定搭配和固定句型，培养语感。 三层必刷：巩固提升+能力培优+创新题型 （1） 请认真阅读下面短文，填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Children often ask for money from their parents. But in the US, some students work as babysitters (临时保姆) to get money. Noa Mintz, 1 (have) her babysitting shop. About three years 2 , Mintz, worked for some time as a babysitter. She found that there was no good way for 3 (family) to find babysitters. So she wanted to do something about it. Mintz started Nannies by Noa in 4 (she) summer vacation. It helps employers (雇主) and babysitters to find each other 5 (quick). At first, Mintz 6 (help) to write down the names of her friends and classmates who wanted to babysit (当保姆). Later, Nannies by Noa 7 (become) a big shop. It now has 25 full-time nannies (全职保姆) and 50 babysitters. When 8 (talk) about her work, she feels proud (自豪的). She knows it’s just 9 start. “It’s good to see that I give people jobs. It’s great to see 10 I can do.” said Mintz. 【答案】1．has 2．ago 3．families 4．her 5．quickly 6．helped 7．became 8．talking 9．a 10．what 【导语】本文主要讲述了美国女孩明茨创建保姆商店的历程以及其对人们就业的帮助。 1．句意：诺亚·明茨，有她的保姆店。根据“some students work as...”可知，句子的时态为一般现在时，主语Noa Mintz为第三人称单数，此处用动词三单。故填has。 2．句意：大约三年前，明茨做了一段时间的保姆。根据“About three years...”可知，此处指三年前，ago“以前”，符合语境。故填ago。 3．句意：她发现，对于家庭来说，找保姆是没有好办法的。family“家庭”，此处用复数表泛指。故填families。 4．句意：明茨在她的暑假创办了Nannies by Noa。根据空后“summer vacation”可知，此处需填形容词性物主代词，she为人称代词主格形式，其形容词性物主代词为her“她的”。故填her。 5．句意：它有助于雇主和保姆快速找到彼此。根据“It helps employers (雇主) and babysitters to find each other...”可知，此处需填一个副词，修饰动词find。quick“快速的”，其副词为quickly。故填quickly。 6．句意：起初，明茨帮忙写下想要照顾孩子的她的朋友和同学的名字。根据“who wanted to babysit”及结合前文内容可知，此处时态为一般过去时，help“帮助”的过去式为helped。故填helped。 7．句意：后来，Nannies by Noa成为了一家大商店。结合前文可知，此处句子的时态为一般过去时，become“变成”，其过去式为became。故填became。 8．句意：当谈到她的工作时，她感到自豪。根据“When...about her work, she feels proud (自豪的).”可知，此处为when引导的时间状语从句，主句和从句主语一致，省略了从句主语，此空用动词现在分词形式，作状语。故填talking。 9．句意：她知道这只是一个开始。start“开始”，以辅音音素开头的可数名词，此处为单数，所以空前需填一个不定冠词a。故填a。 10．句意：很高兴看到我能做什么。根据“It’s great to see...I can do.”可知，此处缺少宾语从句连接词，且连接词在从句中作宾语。故填what。 （2） 请根据短文内容，用括号中所给单词的正确形式或时态填空，使短文通顺。 Mary always enjoys fixing things by herself, even though she doesn’t know much about it. She sometimes 1 (fail) because she isn’t good at it. For example, in her garage, there are pieces of a lawnmower (割草机) that she once tried her 2 (good) to fix it. In fact, her brother Tod doesn’t think she 3 (have) the ability to do it some day. The other day, when Tod came home, he wasn’t 4 (surprise) to see her trying to fix her old vacuum cleaner (吸尘器), but she 5 (not open) the machine with a screwdriver at last. “This makes me so angry! I don’t want to try a 6 (two) time!” she complained. “I’m not sure what I can do to fix it. When I turn it on, it’s too 7 (noise). Do you have any ideas? I 8 (look) forward to your ideas at the moment.” she asked Tod. Of course, Tod wasn’t sure what to say and he didn’t want to make her angry, either. Suddenly, the lawnmower came to his mind and he 9 (think) of something funny to say. “If you want the vacuum cleaner to cooperate (合作), how about 10 (take) it out to the garage and showing it the lawnmower that you worked on?” 【答案】1．fails 2．best 3．will have 4．surprised 5．didn’t open 6．second 7．noisy 8．am looking 9．thought 10．taking 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了玛丽修理吸尘器的故事。 1．句意：她有时会失败，因为她不擅长修理。根据“sometimes”可知，此处表示经常、习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语she为第三人称单数，fail应变为三单形式fails。故填fails。 2．句意：例如，在她家的车库里，有一台割草机的零件，她曾经尽力去修它。短语try one’s best to do sth.意为“尽某人最大的努力做某事”，此处good应变为最高级形式best。故填best。 3．句意：事实上，她的哥哥托德认为她将来也不会有能力修好它。根据some day“总有一天，将来”可知，该句应用一般将来时，谓语动词前应加助动词will表示“将，会”。故填will have。 4．句意：有一天，托德回到家，看到她正试着修理她的旧吸尘器，但她最终还是没有用螺丝刀打开机器，他并不感到惊讶。was后接形容词作表语，surprised“感到惊讶的”，表示人的感受，be surprised to do sth.意为“对某事感到惊讶”。故填surprised。 5．句意：有一天，托德回到家，看到她正试着修理她的旧吸尘器，但她最终还是没有用螺丝刀打开机器，他并不感到惊讶。根据“came”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，否定句中应借用助动词did，与not连用可缩写为didn’t，后接动词原形。故填didn’t open。 6．句意：我不想再试第二次了！此处考查结构“a+序数词”，表示“再一，又一……”，two的序数词形式为second。故填second。 7．句意：当我打开它时，它太吵了。空格前的副词too应修饰形容词或副词，表示“太……”，noise应变为形容词形式noisy“吵闹的”在句中作表语。故填noisy。 8．句意：我现在很期待你的想法。根据时间状语“at the moment”可知，表示此刻正在发生的动作应用现在进行时，谓语动词结构为be doing，主语为第一人称I，be动词用am。故填am looking。 9．句意：突然，他想到了割草机，想到了一些有趣的话。根据“came”可知，该句为一般过去时，think应变为过去式thought。故填thought。 10．句意：如果你想让吸尘器合作，就把它带到车库里，让它看看你工作过的割草机，怎么样？句式How about doing sth.意为“……怎么样”，此处应用动名词作介词的宾语。故填taking。 （3） 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺。给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 Xiaoming is 12 years old. He lives in a small village (村庄) in the countryside. Today is his 1 (twelve) birthday. His parents get a nice dinner ready 2 him, but the boy says, “I won’t have the dinner because my parents are going to a big city tomorrow. I don’t want to let them go.” In fact, it is 3 first birthday that Xiaoming is spending with his parents. After Xiaoming was born, he lived with his grandparents at home. His parents 4 (stay) in a big city and worked to make money. They 5 came back home. Tomorrow they will leave home for that city again. Xiaoming is not the only left-behind child (留守儿童) in our country. In the countryside of China there are 6 (many) than 20 million children staying at home without their parents. Left-behind children have a lot of problems. Many of 7 (they) stay at home with their grandparents. They can’t get 8 (parents) care, so they often feel lonely. Some of them don’t learn 9 (good) because their parents can’t help them with study. The Chinese government (政府) cares much about left-behind children and is trying 10 (help) with their problems. 【答案】1．twelfth 2．for 3．the/his 4．stayed 5．seldom 6．more 7．them 8．parents’ 9．well 10．to help 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国有许多留守儿童，他们的父母因为要出去挣钱没法与他们在一起。他们常常会觉得孤单。现在中国政府十分关心留守儿童，并努力解决这个问题。 1．句意：今天是他的12岁生日。根据“Xiaoming is 12 years old”可知，小明12岁此处表示“第12 个生日”，所以用序数词。故填twelfth。 2．句意：他的父母为他准备了一顿丰盛的晚餐，但是这个男孩儿说，“我不吃这顿晚饭，因为我父母明天要去大城市。我不想让他们走。”短语get ready for意为“为……做准备”。故填for。 3．句意：事实上，这是小明和父母一起度过的第一个/他的生日。空后单词first是序数词，序数词前可用定冠词the或形容词性物主代词。故填the/his。 4．句意：他的父母待在一个大城市工作赚钱。根据“and worked to make money.”可知，本句时态为一般过去时。所以动词用过去式。故填stayed。 5．句意：他们很少回家。根据“His parents… (stay) in a big city and worked to make money.”可知，他的父母待在一个大城市工作赚钱，所以很少回家。表达“几乎不”用单词seldom。故填seldom。 6．句意：在中国的农村，有2000多万儿童没有父母在家。more than意为“超过”。故填more。 7．句意：他们中的许多人待在家里和祖父母在一起。介词of后面用代词的宾格，they的宾格是them。故填them。 8．句意：他们得不到父母的照顾，所以他们经常感到孤独。根据句意可知，此处表达“父母的照顾”，所以用名词所有格，以s结尾的复数名词只需加“’”。故填parents’。 9．句意：他们中的一些人学习不好，因为他们的父母不能帮助他们学习。修饰动词learn要用副词，good的副词形式为well。故填well。 10．句意：中国政府非常关心留守儿童，并试图帮助解决他们的问题。try to do sth.意为“尽力做某事，努力做某事”。故填to help。 （4） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个恰当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 (每空不限填一词) Zhu Yanjun, a migrant worker (农民工), once worked in different cities. He has a strong love-for reading poems and books. In early February this year, Zhu won the 1 (two) place in the yearly Chinese Poetry Competition (中国诗词大会). It surprised 2 whole country. Zhu was born in Jingning, Gansu. 3 he was only seven, he became interested in poems. But his family was too poor 4 (buy) him new books. He had to borrow some 5 his classmates. After finishing school, he went to work at different construction sites (建筑工地) in more than 30 cities. Every time he got to a city, he visited 6 (library) and bookshops. To make some notes, he always took a notebook with 7 (he). “Rainy days were the 8 (good). During those days, workers 9 (not need) to work. I could stay in the bookshop 10 (quiet) and do some reading.” Zhu told a reporter in an interview (采访). Reading helps Zhu a Jot. He never complains about hard work. When meeting problems, he always keeps trying and never gives up. 【答案】1．second 2．the 3．When 4．to buy 5．from 6．libraries 7．him 8．best 9．didn’t need 10．quietly 【导语】本文主要介绍了一位名叫朱彦军的农民工的故事。 1．句意：今年二月初，朱在一年一度的中国诗词大会中获得第二名。根据“won the…(two) place”可知，此处应该填序数词表示顺序，two的序数词为second。故填second。 2．句意：整个国家都为之震惊。the whole country“整个国家”。故填the。 3．句意：当他只有七岁的时候，他就对诗歌产生了兴趣。根据“…he was only seven”可知，此处表示“当他7岁时”，应该用when引导时间状语从句，句首单词首字母要大写。故填When。 4．句意：但是他的家庭太穷了，给他买不起新书。根据“too poor…(buy) him new books”可知，此处是too…to…“太……而不能……”。故填to buy。 5．句意：他不得不向同学借一些。borrow sth. from sb“从某人借某物”。故填from。 6．句意：每次他到一个城市，他都会去图书馆和书店。根据“…and bookshops”可知，and连接并列成分，故此空用其复数表示泛指。故填libraries。 7．句意：为了做笔记，他总是随身带着笔记本。空前的with是介词，故此空用人称代词的宾格作宾语，he的宾格是him。故填him。 8．句意：下雨天时最好的。根据空前的“the”可知，此处应该用good的最高级best。故填best。 9．句意：在那些日子里，工人们不需要工作。根据“were”可知，句子是一般过去时，此处表示否定，需借助助动词did，后接动词原形。故填didn’t need。 10．句意：我可以静静地待在书店里读点书。此空修饰动词stay，应该用quiet的副词quietly。故填quietly。 （5） 根据短文内容，用括号内所给词的正确时态或形式填空，使短文完整。 John lives in a town 20 kilometers away from London. He loves 1 (eat) sweet food so much that he 2 (work) in a bakery (面包店) in 3 (nine) Street. He helps make 4 (hundred) of cakes every day. Yesterday afternoon, there was little flour (面粉) for cakes. So the owner asked him 5 (go) and get another bag of flour. John ran to the back room and found the bags lying on the top shelf. The shelf was much taller than he was. He could not 6 (reach) them at all. Then a good idea came to his mind. He 7 (carry) a ladder, put it behind the door and climbed up. When he was carrying one bag down, 8 (sudden), someone opened the door. It was the owner. He 9 (not see) John behind the door. John fell down and all the flour was on his head. The owner was too angry to say a word. John said, “I 10 (be) more careful next time.” 【答案】1．eating/to eat 2．works 3．Ninth 4．hundreds 5．to go 6．reach 7．carried 8．suddenly 9．didn’t see 10．will be 【导语】本文讲述了约翰住在离伦敦20公里远的一个镇上，他喜欢吃甜食，并在一家面包店工作，有一天为了拿面粉而发生了意外情况。 1．句意：他非常喜欢吃甜食，所以在第九大街的一家面包店工作。love doing/to do sth.意为“喜欢做某事”，故填eating/to eat。 2．句意：他非常喜欢吃甜食，所以在第九大街的一家面包店工作。第一段是一般现在时叙述，该句主语为he，谓语动词用单三形式，故填works。 3．句意：他非常喜欢吃甜食，所以在第九大街的一家面包店工作。根据“in…Street”可知，此处指第九大街，应用基数词nine的序数词ninth，又因为这里表示街道名，所以首字母要大写，故填Ninth。 4．句意：他每天帮忙做几百个蛋糕。hundreds of意为“上百”，故填hundreds。 5．句意：所以店主让他去再拿一袋面粉。ask sb. to do sth.意为“让某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语，故填to go。 6．句意：他根本够不着它们。reach意为“够得着”，是动词，情态动词could后跟动词原形，故填reach。 7．句意：他搬了个梯子，把它放在门后，然后爬了上去。此处是叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式carried，故填carried。 8．句意：当他拿着一个袋子下来的时候，突然有人打开了门。此处是修饰整个句子作状语，应用副词形式，sudden意为“突然的”，是形容词，副词为suddenly，故填suddenly。 9．句意：他没看见约翰在门后。此处是叙述过去的事情，应用一般过去时，且为带有实义动词的否定句，助动词用didn’t，后跟动词原形，故填didn’t see。 10．句意：下次我会更加小心的。根据引号中句子里“next time”可知，此处应用一般将来时，结构为“will+动词原形”，故填will be。 （6） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A small talk is a good way to kill time and make friends. If you travel to other 1 (country), do you know what to say to start 2 excellent small talk with local (当地的) people? In the UK the best topic is the weather. British weather changes quite often. You can start to talk by saying “Wow, it 3 (rain) heavily now. Maybe it will be sunny a few hours later.” Besides the weather, you can talk about gardens. For example, you could say, “Those flowers look really beautiful, don’t they?” English people love their pets. 4 it’s nice to begin with “What a lovely dog! What’s 5 (it) name?” In America, people like to talk about sports, such as American football and basketball. You can also begin talking 6 (easy) with clothes. “It’s a nice shirt. Where did you get it?” “I 7 (buy) it in a store near my home.” Of course, you shouldn’t talk about some topics. Don’t 8 (ask) people “How old are you?” Age is usually secret for women. Never ask “How much money do you make?” It makes people 9 (happy). Don’t ask strangers (陌生人) whether (是否) they have a girlfriend 10 a boyfriend. 【答案】1．countries 2．an 3．is raining/is rainy 4．So 5．its 6．easily 7．bought 8．ask 9．unhappy 10．or 【导语】本文主要介绍了在英国和美国闲聊时可以聊以及不可以聊的话题。 1．句意：如果你去其他国家旅行，你知道如何与当地人展开一场精彩的闲聊吗？根据“other”可知，后面要使用名词country的复数形式countries。故填countries。 2．句意：如果你去其他国家旅行，你知道如何与当地人展开一场精彩的闲聊吗？根据“do you know what to say to start...excellent small talk with local (当地的) people?”可知，此处泛指一次闲聊，要用冠词a/an，excellent以元音音素开头。故填an。 3．句意：哇，现在雨下得很大。根据“Wow, it...(rain) heavily now.”可知，句子应该使用现在进行时，表示正在下雨，或者下雨的状态。故填is raining/is rainy。 4．句意：所以以“多可爱的狗啊！它叫什么名字？”开头是很好的。根据上一句“English people love their pets. ”可知，英国人很喜欢宠物，因此以宠物作为话题开头很好，so“因此”符合语境，句子开头大写。故填So。 5．句意：所以以“多可爱的狗啊！它叫什么名字？”开头是很好的。根据“What’s...(it) name?”可知，问的是狗的名字，用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 6．句意：你也可以轻松地用衣服为话题开始。根据“You can also begin talking...(easy) with clothes.”可知，这里是副词修饰动词，轻易地开启对话，用easy修饰begin，填副词形式。故填easily。 7．句意：我在我家附近的一家商店买的。根据“Where did you get it?”可知，应该使用一般过去时，用buy的过去式bought。故填bought。 8．句意：不要问别人“你多大了？” 根据“Don’t”可知，这是一个祈使句句型，后面动词使用原形。故填ask。 9．句意：它会让人不高兴。根据“Never ask ‘How much money do you make?’”可知，永远不要问别人赚多少钱，这会让别人不高兴，make sb+adj“让某人……”，因此填形容词unhappy。故填unhappy。 10．句意：不要问陌生人是否有女朋友或男朋友。根据“Don’t ask strangers whether they have a girlfriend...a boyfriend.”可知，不要问别人是否有女朋友或者男朋友，空格前后用连词连接，用or“或者”符合语境。故填or。 （7） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Last Friday, students from Guangming Middle School enjoyed Labour Day (劳动节). Bella, one of the students in the school 1 (write) about this day. In the morning, we took the school bus to the destination (目的地) and it’s about a fifty 2 (minute) bus ride. After we went to our rooms, 3 18-year-old instructor (导师) showed us how to make the bed and where to put our things. In the beginning, we were not 4 (interest) in doing these easy things. But the instructor said, “Even easy things will be difficult if you don’t study hard.” In the end, we spent over half an hour learning how to tidy up the room. At lunchtime, the instructor told us, “You have to wash the dishes after eating.” I didn’t know how to do it so I played with my two friends at first. “What are you doing? Look! The other students are all washing the dishes, but you 5 (have) fun here.” The instructor said angrily. Then he showed 6 (we) how to clean them. After that, we did it 7 the same way and the dishes looked much cleaner! In the evening, the teachers taught us to make cakes. We made some mistakes (错误) when baking. 8 (luck), the teachers helped us and we made many delicious cakes at last! The number of the cakes 9 (be) sixty and everyone was very excited. I was really happy 10 I ate food cooked by myself. That night, we didn’t waste any rice. Time went by quickly, and Labour Day ended. Now, I think it’s time for me to help my mother more at home. 【答案】1．wrote 2．minutes’ 3．an 4．interested 5．are having 6．us 7．in 8．Luckily 9．was 10．because 【导语】本文主要介绍了上周光明中学的学生们欢度劳动节，贝拉写了一篇关于这一天的文章。 1．句意：贝拉，学校的一个学生写了关于这一天的文章。根据“Last Friday...”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式wrote“写”。故填wrote。 2．句意：第二天早上，我们乘校车去了目的地，大约有五十分钟的车程。空后是名词，根据“fifty”可知此处用名词复数的所有格minutes’“分钟的”。故填minutes’。 3．句意：我们回到房间后，一位18岁的教练向我们展示了如何铺床以及把东西放在哪里。此处泛指“一位18岁的教练”，18以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。 4．句意：一开始，我们对做这些简单的事情不感兴趣。be interested in“对……感兴趣”。故填interested。 5．句意：其他同学都在洗碗，而你在这里玩得很开心。根据“Look”可知句子用现在进行时，主语是you，be动词用are。故填are having。 6．句意：然后他向我们展示了如何清洁它们。此处作宾语用代词宾格us“我们”。故填us。 7．句意：之后，我们用同样的方法做了，盘子看起来干净多了！in the same way“以同样的方式”。故填in。 8．句意：幸运的是，老师们帮助了我们，我们终于做了很多美味的蛋糕！根据“the teachers helped us and we made many delicious cakes at last!”可知老师帮助我们，我们做出了美味的蛋糕，这是幸运的，修饰整个句子用副词luckily“幸运地”。故填Luckily。 9．句意：蛋糕的数量是60块，每个人都非常兴奋。根据“was very excited”可知句子用一般过去时，主语是The number of the cakes，be动词用was。故填was。 10．句意：我真的很高兴，因为我吃了自己做的食物。前后是因果关系，此处表示原因，用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 （8） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 My name is Anna and I come 1 a small town in Poland. It is peaceful and free from the hustle and bustle (熙熙攘攘) of big cities. I 2 (move) to Qingzhen in Guiyang in 2018. Tall buildings and romantic atmosphere (浪漫的氛围) make 3 famous. The food in Qingzhen is special and delicious. In the morning, I get up early to stroll around the morning market. Along the road, I usually see some Chinese 4 (sell) all kinds of traditional Chinese breakfast, such as baozi, dumplings and noodles. After breakfast, I go out for 5 walk to explore (探索) new places. And I go to my favorite restaurant for some local food at night. Triangle Garden is one of my favorite 6 (place) in Qingzhen. It is filled with small shops, restaurants, farmers’ markets, and many old houses. Every time I arrive there, I feel relaxed. Why do I decide to settle down here? 7 I can always find interesting things to do in Qingzhen. And it often impresses (使印象深刻) me with its 8 (nature) beauty. In spring, I go to Xiangchou Guizhou scenic area (景区) to play with animals or have a picnic. In summer, I go swimming at Hongfeng Lake or visit the water park with friends. There are many mountains, forests and lakes in Qingzhen. They make it a great place for 9 (boat), hiking and cycling. Qingzhen is my second hometown. It’s really a good place 10 (enjoy) a peaceful life! 【答案】1．from 2．moved 3．it 4．selling 5．a 6．places 7．Because 8．natural 9．boating 10．to enjoy 【导语】本文讲述了来自波兰的安娜在清镇的生活状况。 1．句意：我叫安娜，来自波兰的一个小镇。come from“来自”，固定短语。故填from。 2．句意：我在2018年搬到了贵阳的清镇。根据“in 2018”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词move要用过去式moved。故填moved。 3．句意：高大的建筑和浪漫的氛围使它出名。根据“Tall buildings and romantic atmosphere (浪漫的氛围) make ... famous.”可知，高建筑和浪漫的氛围使得清镇出名，it“它”，符合语境，作宾语。故填it。 4．句意：在路上，我经常看到一些中国人在卖各种各样的中国传统早餐，比如包子、饺子和面条。see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，现在分词作宾补。故填selling。 5．句意：早餐后，我出去散步，探索新的地方。go out for a walk“出去散步”，固定短语。故填a。 6．句意：三角花园是清镇我最喜欢的地方之一。one of+名词复数“……之一”，place的复数为places。故填places。 7．句意：因为我总能在清镇找到有趣的事情做。根据“Why do I decide to settle down here? ... I can always find interesting things to do in Qingzhen.”可知，前后句为因果关系，because“因为”，符合语境，句首首字母大写。故填Because。 8．句意：它的自然美景常常给我留下深刻的印象。修饰名词“beauty”应用形容词natural“自然的”。故填natural。 9．句意：它们使它成为划船、远足和骑自行车的好地方。for为介词，后接动名词boating，意为“划船”。故填boating。 10．句意：这真是一个享受宁静生活的好地方！此处要用不定式to enjoy作定语，修饰名词“place”。故填to enjoy。 （9） 根据短文内容和上下文的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Kunming is very beautiful. There 1 (be) many places of interest there. Many people like visiting them every year. The summer holiday is coming. Jenny and her three friends plan to go there in the summer holiday. Jenny likes 2 (take) photos. She plans to take a camera with her. Tina likes playing the guitar. She plays very 3 . She wants to take a guitar to perform (表演) for people. Tony likes reading. He plans to carry some 4 (book) with him. They want to stay there for about two weeks. But how do they get there? The children have 5 (they) own ideas. Tina thinks that it is too far. They can’t take the train. 6 wants to go by plane. Tony and Mike think it is too expensive. Tony thinks it is interesting for them to take the train. He thinks they can play cards together 7 talk to each other on the train. Jenny also wants to go there by train. Later, they decide (决定) to go by train. The train starts 8 7: 45 in the morning. They will 9 (get) to Kunming at about 4: 30 in the afternoon. They will spend about nine hours on 10 train. They will have a good time. 【答案】1．are 2．taking 3．well 4．books 5．their 6．She 7．and 8．at 9．get 10．the 【导语】本文主要介绍了Jenny和她的三个朋友暑期去昆明旅游的计划。 1．句意：那里有许多名胜古迹。根据“There...many places of interest there.”可知句子为“there be”句式， 时态为一般现在时。根据主语“many places”为复数主语， 可知“be”动词使用“are”。故填are。 2．句意：珍妮喜欢拍照。like doing sth“喜欢做某事”，故填taking。 3．句意：她弹得很好。根据“She plays”可知，副词修饰动词，well符合句意，故填well。 4．句意：他打算随身带一些书。根据“carry some”可知，需要名词复数，故填books。 5．句意：孩子们有自己的想法。根据“own ideas”可知，形容词性物主代词修饰名词，their符合句意，故填their。 6．句意：她想乘飞机去。根据“wants to go by plane”可知，缺少主语，Tina想要乘飞机，she作主语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填She。 7．句意：他认为他们可以一起打牌，在火车上互相交谈。根据“they can play cards together”可知，前后是并列成分，and符合句意，故填and。 8．句意：火车早上7点45分开。根据“7: 45”可知，具体时刻，用介词at，故填at。 9．句意：他们将在下午四点半左右到达昆明。根据“will”可知，后接动词原形，故填get。 10．句意：他们将在火车上花费大约9个小时。on the train“在火车上”，故填the。 （10） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文，汉语提示及所给单词，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内词语的正确形式。 Dopamine (多巴胺) dressing becomes popular on TikTok. It encourages people to wear colorful clothing so that they can get dopamine and feel happy. But is there 1 (real) any science behind this? Dopamine is a chemical (化学物质) in our brain. It can affect (影响) 2 we feel. According to Science Focus magazine, although there 3 (be) no study about how colorful clothes can help to make more dopamine now, some studies showed how we act and feel has something to do with the clothes we are 4 . One study showed that 5 (wear) red can help a person to have a better performance (表现). They 6 (find) that in soccer matches over the last 55 years, teams with a red kit (队服) always played better in home games than any other kit color. 7 (另一) study showed that green can make people become 8 (更多的) creative (有创造力的). It turned out that green has also been 9 color to help people relax, maybe because it makes us think of 10 (natural). Yellow, and its suggestions (联想) of summer and warmth, can always bring people happiness, energy (能量) and excitement. 【答案】1．really 2．how 3．is 4．in 5．wearing 6．found 7．Another 8．more 9．a 10．nature 【导语】本文介绍了多巴胺穿着对人们的影响以及相关的科学研究等。 1．句意：但这背后真的有科学依据吗？根据“But is there...any science behind this?”可知是指真的有科学依据吗，副词really“真正地”符合语境，故填really。 2．句意：它可以影响我们的感觉。根据“we feel”可知是指感觉如何，应用how“如何”引导宾语从句，故填how。 3．句意：据《科学焦点》杂志报道，虽然目前还没有关于色彩鲜艳的衣服如何有助于产生更多多巴胺的研究，但一些研究表明，我们的行为和感受与我们所穿的衣服有关。此处为there be句型，且时态为一般现在时，study为单数，be动词应用is，故填is。 4．句意：据《科学焦点》杂志报道，虽然目前还没有关于色彩鲜艳的衣服如何有助于产生更多多巴胺的研究，但一些研究表明，我们的行为和感受与我们所穿的衣服有关。根据“the clothes we are...”可知是指我们穿的衣服，in“穿着”符合语境，故填in。 5．句意：一项研究表明，穿红色可以帮助一个人有更好的表现。此处作主语应用动名词形式，故填wearing。 6．句意：他们发现，在过去55年的足球比赛中，穿红色球衣的球队在主场比赛中总是比其他颜色的球队表现得更好。根据“played”可知时态为一般过去时，动词find“发现”应用过去式，故填found。 7．句意：另一项研究表明，绿色可以使人更有创造力。another“另一个”，修饰名词单数，句首首字母大写，故填Another。 8．句意：另一项研究表明，绿色可以使人更有创造力。此处应用形容词比较级，more“更多的”符合语境，故填more。 9．句意：事实证明，绿色也是一种帮助人们放松的颜色，也许是因为它让我们想到自然。此处泛指一种颜色，且color是以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰，故填a。 10．句意：事实证明，绿色也是一种帮助人们放松的颜色，也许是因为它让我们想到自然。think of后应用名词nature“自然”，为不可数名词，故填nature。 1.（2024·江苏苏州·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文，在答题卡标有题号的横线上，填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When cultures meet, not just their language or clothing may be different. Often their food will be 1 (great) different too. People on both sides can discover new chances for trading. This text 2 (tell) how some common food plants spread around the world. As early as 5, 000 BC, 3 (potato) were traded in South America as a valuable type of food. They were 4 (take) to Europe in the 1500s and their use soon spread across it. Tea drinking started in China. By the early 1600s, traders had begun to ship tea from China to Europe. Tea drinking soon 5 (become) fashionable there but because 6 its high price, it remained a drink for the wealthy. Sugar cane (甘蔗) was first used to produce 7 kind of sweet juice over 8, 000 years ago on the island of New Guinea. Its use soon spread across South East Asia and then to the 8 (wide) world. Cocoa was used to make a cold, spicy drink in Central America over 3, 000 years ago. The Europeans brought it back with 9 (they) in the 1520s and added sugar to make the sweet, hot drink we know today. 10 it’s expensive, many people still love it. 【答案】1．greatly 2．tells 3．potatoes 4．taken 5．became 6．of 7．a 8．wider 9．them 10．Although/Though 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些常见的食用植物是如何在世界各地传播的。 1．句意：通常他们的食物也会有很大的不同。great“大的”，形容词，此处应用其副词形式greatly，修饰形容词different。故填greatly。 2．句意：本文讲述了一些常见的食用植物是如何在世界各地传播的。tell“讲述”，动词。本句是一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用其单三形式。故填tells。 3．句意：早在公元前5000年，土豆就作为一种有价值的食物在南美洲进行贸易。potato “土豆”，可数名词，由“were”可知，用其复数形式。故填potatoes。 4．句意：它们在16世纪被带到欧洲，并很快传遍了整个欧洲。take“携带”，动词。此处指土豆被带到欧洲，是被动语态，动词用其过去分词形式。故填taken。 5．句意：饮茶很快在那里成为一种时尚，但由于价格高昂，它仍然是富人的饮品。become“成为”，动词。本句描述过去的事，应为一般过去时，谓语动词用其过去式。故填became。 6．句意：饮茶很快在那里成为一种时尚，但由于价格高昂，它仍然是富人的饮品。此处是短语because of “由于”。故填of。 7．句意：8000多年前，在新几内亚岛，甘蔗首次被用来生产一种甜果汁。此处是短语a kind of “一种”。故填a。 8．句意：它的使用很快就传遍了东南亚，然后传播到了更广阔的世界。wide“宽阔的”，形容词。此处指甘蔗后来传播到更为宽阔的世界，暗含比较，应用其比较级。故填wider。 9．句意：15世纪20年代，欧洲人将其带回欧洲，并添加糖制成我们今天所知的甜味热饮。they “他们”，代词主格。此处应用其宾格形式them，作介词with的宾语。故填them。 10．句意：虽然它很贵，但许多人仍然喜欢它。分析句子可知，此处缺少连词，指虽然它很昂贵，但是很多人仍然很喜欢，故用although/though引导让步状语从句。故填Although/Though。 2.（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题） Su Shi, known as Su Dongpo, was a famous Chinese writer, poet and painter. When he was young, he read a lot of books and wrote many good articles. People thought 1 (high) of him. Because of this, he became very proud and wrote a couplet (对联) for 2 (him). Knowing all the words in the world; Reading all the books on the earth. A wise old man saw this couplet and thought, “It is necessary for Su Shi 3 (learn) how to be modest.” So, one day, he came to Su Shi’s house with a book. The old man showed Su Shi the book and explained, “So far, I 4 (read) the book several times, but there are still some difficult words that I can’t understand. I have asked many people, but none of them could understand their 5 (meaning). I have heard that you are a person of rich knowledge, so I come to ask you.” Full of confidence, Su Shi took the book from the old 6 (man) hand, but when he opened it, he became very 7 (surprise) because there were many words he didn’t know. At that moment, Su Shi realized that there were many more things that he had to learn. Actually, the old man knew every word in this book. He just wanted to make Su Shi know the importance of 8 (be) modest. Su Shi was embarrassed (尴尬的) and said, “Now I know why you came. I shouldn’t have been so arrogant (自大的).” The old man smiled and 9 (leave). Then Su Shi quickly took his brush and ink, and added some words to the couplet: Working hard to know all the words in the world; Being determined to read all the books on the earth. From then on, he worked even 10 (hard) than before. Finally, Su Shi made great achievements in many fields, especially in literature. 【答案】1．highly 2．himself 3．to learn 4．have read 5．meanings 6．man’s 7．surprised 8．being 9．left 10．harder 【导语】本文主要讲述了苏轼“发奋识遍天下字，立志读尽人间书”对联背后的故事。 1．句意：人们对他的评价很高。think highly of“高度评价”，用副词修饰动词，故填highly。 2．句意：因此，他很得意，给自己写了一副对联。根据“he became very proud and wrote a couplet (对联) for...”可知，他给自己写了一副对联，himself“他自己”符合语境，故填himself。 3．句意：一位智者看到这副对联，就想：“苏轼有必要学会谦虚。”此处是“It is+adj+for sb to do sth”句型，使用动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to learn。 4．句意：到目前为止，这本书我已经读了好几遍，但仍有一些难懂的词我不懂。根据“So far”可知，此处应使用现在完成时，故填have read。 5．句意：我问过很多人，但没有一个人能理解它们的意思。此处在动词后作宾语，用名词形式，meaning“意思”，their修饰可数名词复数。故填meanings。 6．句意：苏轼满怀信心地从老人手中接过书，但当他打开它时，他变得非常惊讶，因为里面有很多他不认识的词。此处作定语修饰“hand”，用名词所有格形式man’s，故填man’s。 7．句意：苏轼满怀信心地从老人手中接过书，但当他打开它时，他变得非常惊讶，因为里面有很多他不认识的词。根据“he became very...”可知，此处在句中作表语，修饰人，用surprised“惊讶的”，故填surprised。 8．句意：他只是想让苏轼知道谦虚的重要性。of是介词，其后用动名词作宾语，故填being。 9．句意：老人微笑着离开了。根据“The old man smiled and...”可知，是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填left。 10．句意：从那时起，他比以前更努力了。根据“than before”可知，应使用副词比较级，故填harder。 7 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$