高一英语期末模拟卷（上海专用，上教版必修二Units 3-4+必修三全册）-学易金卷：2024-2025学年高中下学期期末模拟卷

里■ 2024-2025学年高一下学期期末模拟卷 英语·答题卡 姓 名： 缺考 贴条形码区 准考证号 标记 口 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 注意事项 1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，并 2345678 12345678 2 2 2 2 2 34 3 3 认真检查监考员所粘贴的条形码。 23456789 4 23456789 23456789 4 C 4 2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用0.5m 黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 6 789 5678 5 5 5 3.请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出答题区域范围 6 6 6 的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效 7 7 4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂 8 8 78 改液、刮纸刀。 9 9 9 9 9 9 5.正确填涂 选择题 (请用2B铅笔填涂) ! 21 [] 26 [AJIB]ICIID] 31 [AJIB]ICHD] 16 [AJ[BIICHD] 22【A1IB1 ICID] 27【A1IB1 ICHDI 32 [A][B]ICIID] 17【A1IB1 ICID] 23 [AIIBIICHD] 33 [AJBIICIDI 18 [AJIBIICID] 24 [AI[BIICHD] 29【A1 IB]CHD] 34【A1 IBICHD] 19【AJBIICHD1 25【A1IB1ICID1 30【A1 IBIICHD] 35 [AJIB]ICIID] 20 [AJIBIICIID] 36 IAlIBIICIIDI 41 [AIIBIICIIDI 46 IAJIBIICIID] 37 [AJIBJICIID] 42【AJIBIICIID] 7 IAIIBIICIIDI[EJ[FI 38 [A]IB]IC][DI 48 [AIIBJICI[D][EJ[F] 39【A1IB1IC1ID1 44【A1 IBICJID] 49 IAJIBIICI[DJIEJ[FI 40 [A]IBIICIIDI 45 IAJIBIC]ID] 50 [AJBIICIID]IEJ[F] 非选择题（请在各试题的答题区内作答） I. Grammar and Vocabulary(每题1分：共20分) 3. 6 7 9 10 11 12 13. 14. 15 16 17 18 19. 20 1/2 Ⅲ.Translation(共15分。第1-2小题，每题3分；第3题4分；第4题5分。) ! 51 52 53 : 54 V.Guided Writing (25) 此 ! ! 席 2/2 2024-2025学年高一下学期期末模拟卷 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：105分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：必修二Units 3~4+必修三全册（上教版） 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. My community and state are still recovering from the recent disaster. A storm 1 （strike）on a Friday evening, knocking down trees, blocking roads, damaging homes, and destroying power lines. Hundreds of thousands of people suddenly found themselves in the dark 2 water, electricity, air conditioning, and internet. They found themselves cut off from the modern world. 3 （endure）90 degree plus heat, they had no idea when it would be over. However, the most amazing thing happened. 4 the reality of the crisis sank in, it brought out the best in us. While there were a few acts of selfishness, they 5 （overlook）amid the wave of love that came from the hearts of so many. People shared their food, ice, and gasoline. People who still had power opened their homes to 6 who had none. People rushed out to clear roads and homes of fallen trees. Selfless power engineers worked around the clock to repair the damage and restore electricity. People gathered in their gardens 7 they shared hugs and offered words of hope and faith that they would see themselves through it all. Strangers came together as one family to help each other in this time of great need. Most people acted like heroes under the most difficult circumstances. Life’s disasters challenge all of us from time to time with no one 8 （spare）. How we respond to them, however, is up to us. We 9 react to them like evils of selfishness or like heroes of love. May you always bring the best from your heart to 10 life may throw at you then! Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．critics        B．experimented        C．supply        D．sufficient        E．feed        F．resolve G．hazardous        H．novel                I．processed        J．produced        K．extinct The population of the world is increasing rapidly. By 2030, there could be 8.0 billion people on earth. Will there be 11 food for all these people, or will we have a food shortage? Some scientists think fish farming could 12 this problem. However, other scientists worry that fish farming could cause serious environmental problems. Fish farming is not a 13 thing. There were fish farms in China 3, 000 years ago. Today, about one-third of the fish we eat comes from fish farms. Most fish farms raise plant-eating fish. Popular kinds of plant-eating fish are carp, tilapia, and catfish. Unfortunately, many fish farms are starting to raise meat-eating fish. A popular type of meat-eating fish is salmon. These meat-eating fish live on 14 food made from wild fish. However, it takes up to 5 tons of wild fish to produce just 1 ton of farm-raised salmon. The 15 of wild fish is already decreasing. Eventually, many types of wild fish could go 16 . What will we do then? 17 of fish farming also say that farm-raised fish is unhealthy for humans. They say the fish contains dangerous chemicals. They also blame the issue on fish farming because it pollutes the water. Another criticism is that farm-raised fish can spread diseases to wild fish. Some people say that the farming methods being used now hasn’t 18 enough fish anyway. Instead of putting fish farms in lakes or near the coast, they say that the fish farms should be moved far out into the ocean. Several countries have already 19 with deep-ocean farms. In the future, fish farms might be large cages that move across the ocean. Like most things, there is both a good and a bad side to fish farming. Fish farming may help to 20 millions of people. At the same time, however, fish farming may damage the environment. II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Why do so few people find fulfillment in their work? Amy Wrzesniewski, a Yale School of Management professor who studies these issues, offered an explanation that made a lot of 21 . Students, she said, “think their calling is under a rock, and if they 22 enough rocks, they will find it.” Surveys confirm that meaning is the top thing Millennials (千禧一代) say they want from a job. And yet her research shows that less than 50% of people see their work as a calling. So, many of her students are left feeling anxious, 23 , and completely unsatisfied by the good jobs and careers they do secure. What they—and many of us, I think—fail to realize is that work can be 24 even if you don’t think of it as a calling. The four most common occupations in America are retail (零售) salesperson, cashier, food preparer/server, and office clerk—jobs that aren’t typically 25 “meaning.” But all have something in common with those professions that are, such as teachers and doctors: They exist to help others. And as Adam Grant, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, has shown, people who see their work as a form of 26 always rank their jobs as more meaningful. That means you can find meaning in nearly any role in nearly any organization. 27 , most companies create products or services to fill a need in the world, and all employees contribute in their own ways. The key is to become more conscious about the service you’re providing— 28 and personally. How? One strategy is to constantly remind yourself of your organization’s main 29 . Life Is Good is a clothing company best known for colorful T-shirts with stick-figure designs, but its mission is to spread 30 and hope throughout the world, and that’s something even storeroom employees understand. If you work for an accounting firm, you’re helping people or companies with the 31 task of doing their taxes. Each job serves a purpose in the world. Even if you can’t get excited about your company’s mission or customers, you can still adopt a service attitude by thinking about how your work 32 those you love. Consider a study of women working in a shoe factory in Mexico. Researchers found that those who described the work as dull were generally less productive than those who said it was 33 . But the effects went away for those in the former group who saw the work (however boring) as a way to support their families. With that attitude, they were just as productive and 34 as the workers who didn’t mind the task. Not everyone finds their one true calling. But that doesn’t mean we’re fated to work meaningless jobs. If we 35 our tasks as opportunities to help others, any occupation can feel more significant. 21．A．progress B．trouble C．sense D．difference 22．A．carve out B．turn over C．pile up D．keep off 23．A．frustrated B．shocked C．inspired D．excited 24．A．meaningful B．demanding C．repetitive D．challenging 25．A．distinguished from B．exposed to C．associated with D．defined as 26．A．understanding B．existing C．producing D．giving 27．A．In conclusion B．After all C．By comparison D．In addition 28．A．as a whole B．in this way C．in public D．on average 29．A．advantage B．business C．objective D．construction 30．A．optimism B．information C．designs D．strategies 31．A．unpleasant B．dangerous C．productive D．urgent 32．A．gathers B．benefits C．worries D．entertains 33．A．embarrassing B．rewarding C．rough D．temporary 34．A．relaxed B．surprised C．confused D．energized 35．A．assign B．abandon C．neglect D．reframe Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Charles Robert Darwin was born on 12 February 1809 in Shropshire, England. Darwin’s childhood passion was science, and his interest in chemistry, however, was clear; he was even nicknamed ‘Gas’ by his classmates. In 1825, his father sent him to study medicine at Edinburgh University, where he learned how to classify plants. Darwin became passionate about natural history and this became his focus while he studied at Cambridge. Darwin went on a voyage together with Robert Fitzroy, the captain of HMS Beagle, to South America to facilitate British trade in Patagonia. The journey was life-changing. Darwin spent much of the trip on land collecting samples of plants, animals and rocks, which helped him to develop an understanding of the processes that shape the Earth’s surface. Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time. Darwin’s work convinced him that natural selection was key to understanding the development of the natural world. The theory of natural selection says that individuals of a species are more likely to survive when they inherit (经遗传获得) characteristics best suited for that specific environment. These features then become more widespread and can lead eventually to the development of a new species. With natural selection, Darwin argued how a wide variety of life forms developed over time from a single common ancestor. Darwin married his cousin, Emma Wedgwood, in 1839. When Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died from a sudden illness in 1851, he lost his belief in God. His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, altering how Darwin thought about the human species. Darwin had previously thought that species remained adapted until the environment changed; he now believed that every new variation was imperfect and that a struggle to survive was what drove species to adapt. Though rejected at the beginning, Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection is nowadays well accepted by the scientific community as the best evidence-based explanation for the diversity and complexity of life on Earth. The Natural History Museum’s library alone has 478 editions of his On the Origin of Species in 38 languages. 36．What made Darwin reconsider the origin and development of species? A．Examining plants and animals collected. B．His desire for a voyage to different continents. C．Classifying samples in a journey to South America. D．His passion for natural history at Edinburgh University. 37．We can learn from paragraphs 1 to 3 that Darwin ________. A．used natural selection to develop new species B．enjoyed being called nicknames related to science C．learned some knowledge about plants when studying medicine D．argued with others over the diversity of life forms for a long period 38．Which of the following changed Darwin’s view on the human species? A．That he had ten children in all. B．His youngest son’s being disabled. C．That he lost his eldest daughter. D．His marriage with Emma Wedgwood. 39．This passage is mainly about ________. A．Darwin’s passion for medical science B．Darwin’s theory and experiments C．Charles Darwin’s changing interest D．Charles Darwin’s life and work (B) In the quest for radiant and youthful skin, many people turn to cosmetic products and treatments. However, nature provides us with a bounty of ingredients that can work wonders for our skin without the need for harsh chemicals or invasive procedures. Incorporating food-based ingredients into your skincare routine can be a delicious and effective way to nourish and pamper your skin. Milk is not just a staple in our diets; it also has skincare benefits. Rich in proteins and lipids (油脂), milk helps the skin retain water, keeping it moist and supple, if drunk regularly. However, you can’s add milk into homemade face masks for a hydrating boost, because it might cause skin allergy (过敏) due to the rich nutrition which can’t be absorbed by skin. Olive oil, a Mediterranean staple, is not only great for cooking but also for moisturizing the skin, making the it silky and smooth. While olive oil is an excellent moisturizer, it’s best to use products containing olive oil on the arms and legs rather than the face to avoid clogging pores. Grapes are not only a delicious snack but also a mild source of antioxidants, providing anti-aging protection by combating free radicals (自由基) which can cause damage to the skin. Adding grapes to your diet or skincare routine can help promote a more youthful complexion. Papaya, thanks to its enzyme papain, can help to dissolve pore-blocking debris and slough off dead skin cells, revealing a smoother and brighter complexion. However, individuals with sensitive skin or a papaya allergy should proceed with caution. Strawberries are not just sweet and juicy; they can also help calm redness. The antioxidants in strawberries work to even out skin tone and improve the overall texture of the skin, making it appear more uniform and clear. However, individuals with berry allergies should steer clear of strawberry-based products. Honey helps to lock in moisture and alleviate dry patches, leaving the skin soft and hydrated. However, those with acne-prone skin should use honey-based products sparingly, as they may be too rich and potentially pore-clogging. Therefore, use honey in moderation and choose products with lighter formulas. Tangerines are packed with fruit acids that help exfoliate (去屑) the skin, promoting a smoother and more radiant complexion. Skincare products containing citrus ingredients can help slough off dead skin cells and reveal a fresh layer of skin underneath. Incorporating these food-based ingredients into your skincare routine can provide numerous benefits for your skin, from hydration and exfoliation to antioxidant protection and anti-aging benefits. By harnessing the power of nature’s bounty, you can achieve healthy, glowing skin without the need for harsh chemicals or invasive treatments. So next time you’re in the kitchen, consider reaching for these natural ingredients to nourish and pamper your skin from the inside out. Your skin will thank you for it! 40．To keep skin moist, we can resort to some natural products except __________. A．milk B．olive oil C．honey D．tangerine 41．For an berry-allergic old lady with sensitive skin condition, you’d better recommend __________ to be involved in her diet and daily skincare to help her preserve youth. A．milk B．papaya C．grapes D．strawberries 42．The passage can probably be targeted at ____________________. A．owners of fruit shops who wants to promote sales B．customers in supermarket who are searching for fruits C．women who wants to become beautiful and healthy D．chefs who are particular about food ingredients (C) Many scientists are making greater effort to study ocean currents (洋流) for the moment. Most do it using satellites and other high-tech equipment. However, ocean expert Curtis Esmeyer does it in a special way — by studying movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years' experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the northwest coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear. Esmeyer found out in his researches that the shoes — about 60,000 in total — fell into the ocean in a shipping accident. He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back. As expected, the company told him that they didn't. Esmeyer realized this could be a great experiment. If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed, he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents. The Pacific Northwest is one of the world's best areas for beachcombing (海滩搜寻) because winds and currents join here, and as a result, there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area. Esmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed. In a year he collected reliable information on 1,600 shoes. With this data, he and a colleague were able to test and improve a computer program designed to model ocean currents, and publish the findings of their study. As the result of his work, Esmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean. He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand. They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves. 43．The underlined phrase swap meets in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______. A．repair rooms B．trading fairs C．business talks D．group meetings 44．Esmeyer phoned the shoe company to find out ______. A．what caused the shipping accident B．when and where the shoes went missing C．whether it was all right to use their shoes D．how much they lost in the shipping accident 45．Esmeyer is most famous for ______. A．traveling widely the coastal cities of the world B．making records for any lost objects on the sea C．running a global currents research association D．phoning about any doubtful objects on the sea 46．What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage? A．To call people's attention to ocean pollution. B．To warn people of shipping safety in the ocean. C．To explain a unique way of studying ocean currents. D．To give advice on how to search for lost objects on the beach. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Why can’t we stop longing for the good old days? Why are human beings always so nostalgic (怀旧的) for past eras that seemed difficult and dangerous to those who lived through them? One possibility is that we know we survived past dangers, so they seem smaller now. 47 . Radio didn’t ruin the younger generation, but maybe the smartphone will. 48 . When were the good old days? Was it, by chance, the incredibly short period when you happened to be young? A U.S. poll found that people born in the 1930s and 1940s thought the 1950s was America’s best decade, while those born in the 1960s and 1970s preferred the 1980s. This kind of nostalgia has neurological roots. Researchers have found that we encode more memories during adolescence and early adulthood than any other period of our lives, and when we think about the past, this is the period we most often return to. Moreover, as we grow more distant from past events, we tend to remember them more positively. Obviously, some things really were better in the past. But our instinctive nostalgia for the good old days can easily deceive us, with dangerous consequences. 49 . Vaccination, steam engines, railroads and electricity all met with strong resistance when they were first introduced. The same kinds of anxieties have been expressed in our own time about innovations like the internet, video games and stem-cell research. And not all fears about the future are unfounded. New technologies do result in accidents, they disturb traditional cultures and habits, and they destroy old jobs while creating new ones. But the only way to learn how to make the best use of new technologies and reduce risks is by trial and error. 50 . A．The future won’t be perfect, but neither were the good old days. B．When a new invention is first made, its inventor has to test it through trial and error. C．Longing for the past and fear of the future discourage the experiments and innovations that drive progress. D．But we can never be certain we will solve the problems we are facing today. E．Psychologists say this kind of feeling is natural and sometimes even useful. F．Another reason is that historical nostalgia is often colored by personal nostalgia. III. Translation (共15分。第1-2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 51．这位木匠还是和过去一样幸灾乐祸。（delight v.，the way） (汉译英) 52．为应付例行检查，同学们把课桌擦到锃锃亮。（respond）(汉译英) 53．尽管水果富含维生素，减肥心切的女士们不应该用它们来代替均衡的正餐。（replace）(汉译英) 54．说起背单词，临时抱佛脚是下下策，循序渐进方能见效。（difference）(汉译英) IV.Guided Writing (共25分) 55．假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Michael对中国文化和旅游兴趣浓厚。你得知名为“Discover China”的旅行团将于今年暑期组织为期两周的深度游。请你用英语写一封电子邮件，向他介绍以下信息并鼓励报名： 1.基本信息(出发时间、行程城市及特色体验); 2.报名方式及截止日期。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Michael, Knowing your deep curiosity about Chinese culture and travel, I’m thrilled to share news about the “Discover China” tour! ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 2 / 10 1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高一下学期期末模拟卷 英语·参考答案 I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） 1．struck 2．without 3．Enduring 4．As/When 5．were overlooked 6．those 7．where 8．spared 9．can 10．whatever/what 11．D 12．F 13．H 14．I 15．C 16．K 17．A 18．J 19．B 20．E II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) 21．C 22．B 23．A 24．A 25．C 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．A 31．A 32．B 33．B 34．D 35．D 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．D 40．D 41．C 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．D 46．C 47．D 48．F 49．C 50．A III. Translation (共15分。第1-2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) 51．The carpenter still delights in others’ misfortunes the way he used to. 52．In order to respond to routine inspections, the students polished the desks to a shine. 53．Although fruits are rich in vitamins, ladies who are eager to lose weight should not replace them with balanced meals. 54．When it comes to memorizing words, cramming at the last minute is the worst strategy, and progressing gradually can make a difference. IV.Guided Writing (共25分) Dear Michael, Knowing your deep curiosity about Chinese culture and travel, I’m thrilled to share news about the “Discover China” tour! Scheduled to start on July 10th, this two-week in-depth journey covers iconic cities: Beijing, where the Great Wall and Forbidden City await; Xi’an, home to the Terracotta Warriors; and Chengdu, famous for pandas and Sichuan cuisine. Besides historical sites, you’ll immerse in cultural activities like tea ceremonies and folk art workshops. You can sign up on their official website, and complete the form before the deadline of May 31st. I strongly recommend you join — it’ll be a great chance to explore China! Best wishes, Li Hua 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$■■■ ■■■■ 2024-2025学年高一下学期期末模拟卷 英语·答题卡 姓 名： 缺考 贴条形码区 准考证号 标记 口 03 r01 t0] [01 01 C0] t01 [01 cij C1 注拿豪项 [21 21 21 2 [21 C21 [21 1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，并 31 31 t31 t31 【31 t31 认真检查监考员所粘贴的条形码。 3 5 9 5 3 959000 C] 4 t4] 4 2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用0.5mm 黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 B0切 rs] t5] 3.请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答，超出答题区域范围 61 6] [6] 的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效。 [71 [7 4. 保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂 E81 改液、刮纸刀。 E91 te] 91 E91 91 C9] 91 t91 5。正确填涂 选择题 (请用2B铅笔填涂) 21IA1HB1ICMD】 26 IA]IB]ICID] 31 [AJIB]ICHD] 16【A1IB1ICID 22【A1IB1ICID1 271A11B1IC[D1 32 [A]IB][CIID] 17 IA]IBI(CHD] 23 [A][B]ICHD] 28【A11B1HC1ID1 33 IA][BI[CHDI 18【A1IB1ICID1 24 [A]IB]ICHD] 2 [AJIBJICHDI 34 [A]IB]ICHD] 1 [A]IB]ICHD] 25【A1IB1ICMD1 30 [A][B]IC]D] 35 [A]IB]ICHD] 20 [A]IB][CID] 36 IA][B]ICIID] 41【1IB1IC1ID1 6 [AJIB][C][D] 37 IAJIB]ICIID] 42A1HBIC1ID】 47 IAJIB]ICIIDI[EJIF) 38 [A][B]ICI[D] 43 [AJIBJICJID] 48A1IB1IC1D1IE1I】 39 [A][B][C]ID] 44【A1HB1IC1ID1 [AJIB][CJID][EI[F] 401A1[B][C1ID] 45 [AJ[B]ICJID] 50 [AJIB]ICI[D][EJIF] 非选择题 (请在各试题的答题区内作答) I.Grammar and Vocabulary (每题1分：共20分) 3 6 8 10. 11 12 13. 14 15 16 17 18 91 20 112 ⅡL.Translation共15分。第1-2小题，每题3分；第3题4分：第4题5分。) 51. 52. 53 54. V.Guided Writing (25) 碳 学 烯 2/2 ( ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( 此卷只装订 不密封 ) ( ………………○……………… 内 ………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… … 学校： ______________ 姓名： _____________ 班级： _______________ 考号： ______________________ ) 2024-2025学年高一下学期期末模拟卷 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：105分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：必修二Units 3~4+必修三全册（上教版） 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. My community and state are still recovering from the recent disaster. A storm 1 （strike）on a Friday evening, knocking down trees, blocking roads, damaging homes, and destroying power lines. Hundreds of thousands of people suddenly found themselves in the dark 2 water, electricity, air conditioning, and internet. They found themselves cut off from the modern world. 3 （endure）90 degree plus heat, they had no idea when it would be over. However, the most amazing thing happened. 4 the reality of the crisis sank in, it brought out the best in us. While there were a few acts of selfishness, they 5 （overlook）amid the wave of love that came from the hearts of so many. People shared their food, ice, and gasoline. People who still had power opened their homes to 6 who had none. People rushed out to clear roads and homes of fallen trees. Selfless power engineers worked around the clock to repair the damage and restore electricity. People gathered in their gardens 7 they shared hugs and offered words of hope and faith that they would see themselves through it all. Strangers came together as one family to help each other in this time of great need. Most people acted like heroes under the most difficult circumstances. Life’s disasters challenge all of us from time to time with no one 8 （spare）. How we respond to them, however, is up to us. We 9 react to them like evils of selfishness or like heroes of love. May you always bring the best from your heart to 10 life may throw at you then! Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．critics        B．experimented        C．supply        D．sufficient        E．feed        F．resolve G．hazardous        H．novel                I．processed        J．produced        K．extinct The population of the world is increasing rapidly. By 2030, there could be 8.0 billion people on earth. Will there be 11 food for all these people, or will we have a food shortage? Some scientists think fish farming could 12 this problem. However, other scientists worry that fish farming could cause serious environmental problems. Fish farming is not a 13 thing. There were fish farms in China 3, 000 years ago. Today, about one-third of the fish we eat comes from fish farms. Most fish farms raise plant-eating fish. Popular kinds of plant-eating fish are carp, tilapia, and catfish. Unfortunately, many fish farms are starting to raise meat-eating fish. A popular type of meat-eating fish is salmon. These meat-eating fish live on 14 food made from wild fish. However, it takes up to 5 tons of wild fish to produce just 1 ton of farm-raised salmon. The 15 of wild fish is already decreasing. Eventually, many types of wild fish could go 16 . What will we do then? 17 of fish farming also say that farm-raised fish is unhealthy for humans. They say the fish contains dangerous chemicals. They also blame the issue on fish farming because it pollutes the water. Another criticism is that farm-raised fish can spread diseases to wild fish. Some people say that the farming methods being used now hasn’t 18 enough fish anyway. Instead of putting fish farms in lakes or near the coast, they say that the fish farms should be moved far out into the ocean. Several countries have already 19 with deep-ocean farms. In the future, fish farms might be large cages that move across the ocean. Like most things, there is both a good and a bad side to fish farming. Fish farming may help to 20 millions of people. At the same time, however, fish farming may damage the environment. II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Why do so few people find fulfillment in their work? Amy Wrzesniewski, a Yale School of Management professor who studies these issues, offered an explanation that made a lot of 21 . Students, she said, “think their calling is under a rock, and if they 22 enough rocks, they will find it.” Surveys confirm that meaning is the top thing Millennials (千禧一代) say they want from a job. And yet her research shows that less than 50% of people see their work as a calling. So, many of her students are left feeling anxious, 23 , and completely unsatisfied by the good jobs and careers they do secure. What they—and many of us, I think—fail to realize is that work can be 24 even if you don’t think of it as a calling. The four most common occupations in America are retail (零售) salesperson, cashier, food preparer/server, and office clerk—jobs that aren’t typically 25 “meaning.” But all have something in common with those professions that are, such as teachers and doctors: They exist to help others. And as Adam Grant, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, has shown, people who see their work as a form of 26 always rank their jobs as more meaningful. That means you can find meaning in nearly any role in nearly any organization. 27 , most companies create products or services to fill a need in the world, and all employees contribute in their own ways. The key is to become more conscious about the service you’re providing— 28 and personally. How? One strategy is to constantly remind yourself of your organization’s main 29 . Life Is Good is a clothing company best known for colorful T-shirts with stick-figure designs, but its mission is to spread 30 and hope throughout the world, and that’s something even storeroom employees understand. If you work for an accounting firm, you’re helping people or companies with the 31 task of doing their taxes. Each job serves a purpose in the world. Even if you can’t get excited about your company’s mission or customers, you can still adopt a service attitude by thinking about how your work 32 those you love. Consider a study of women working in a shoe factory in Mexico. Researchers found that those who described the work as dull were generally less productive than those who said it was 33 . But the effects went away for those in the former group who saw the work (however boring) as a way to support their families. With that attitude, they were just as productive and 34 as the workers who didn’t mind the task. Not everyone finds their one true calling. But that doesn’t mean we’re fated to work meaningless jobs. If we 35 our tasks as opportunities to help others, any occupation can feel more significant. 21．A．progress B．trouble C．sense D．difference 22．A．carve out B．turn over C．pile up D．keep off 23．A．frustrated B．shocked C．inspired D．excited 24．A．meaningful B．demanding C．repetitive D．challenging 25．A．distinguished from B．exposed to C．associated with D．defined as 26．A．understanding B．existing C．producing D．giving 27．A．In conclusion B．After all C．By comparison D．In addition 28．A．as a whole B．in this way C．in public D．on average 29．A．advantage B．business C．objective D．construction 30．A．optimism B．information C．designs D．strategies 31．A．unpleasant B．dangerous C．productive D．urgent 32．A．gathers B．benefits C．worries D．entertains 33．A．embarrassing B．rewarding C．rough D．temporary 34．A．relaxed B．surprised C．confused D．energized 35．A．assign B．abandon C．neglect D．reframe Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Charles Robert Darwin was born on 12 February 1809 in Shropshire, England. Darwin’s childhood passion was science, and his interest in chemistry, however, was clear; he was even nicknamed ‘Gas’ by his classmates. In 1825, his father sent him to study medicine at Edinburgh University, where he learned how to classify plants. Darwin became passionate about natural history and this became his focus while he studied at Cambridge. Darwin went on a voyage together with Robert Fitzroy, the captain of HMS Beagle, to South America to facilitate British trade in Patagonia. The journey was life-changing. Darwin spent much of the trip on land collecting samples of plants, animals and rocks, which helped him to develop an understanding of the processes that shape the Earth’s surface. Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time. Darwin’s work convinced him that natural selection was key to understanding the development of the natural world. The theory of natural selection says that individuals of a species are more likely to survive when they inherit (经遗传获得) characteristics best suited for that specific environment. These features then become more widespread and can lead eventually to the development of a new species. With natural selection, Darwin argued how a wide variety of life forms developed over time from a single common ancestor. Darwin married his cousin, Emma Wedgwood, in 1839. When Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died from a sudden illness in 1851, he lost his belief in God. His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, altering how Darwin thought about the human species. Darwin had previously thought that species remained adapted until the environment changed; he now believed that every new variation was imperfect and that a struggle to survive was what drove species to adapt. Though rejected at the beginning, Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection is nowadays well accepted by the scientific community as the best evidence-based explanation for the diversity and complexity of life on Earth. The Natural History Museum’s library alone has 478 editions of his On the Origin of Species in 38 languages. 36．What made Darwin reconsider the origin and development of species? A．Examining plants and animals collected. B．His desire for a voyage to different continents. C．Classifying samples in a journey to South America. D．His passion for natural history at Edinburgh University. 37．We can learn from paragraphs 1 to 3 that Darwin ________. A．used natural selection to develop new species B．enjoyed being called nicknames related to science C．learned some knowledge about plants when studying medicine D．argued with others over the diversity of life forms for a long period 38．Which of the following changed Darwin’s view on the human species? A．That he had ten children in all. B．His youngest son’s being disabled. C．That he lost his eldest daughter. D．His marriage with Emma Wedgwood. 39．This passage is mainly about ________. A．Darwin’s passion for medical science B．Darwin’s theory and experiments C．Charles Darwin’s changing interest D．Charles Darwin’s life and work (B) In the quest for radiant and youthful skin, many people turn to cosmetic products and treatments. However, nature provides us with a bounty of ingredients that can work wonders for our skin without the need for harsh chemicals or invasive procedures. Incorporating food-based ingredients into your skincare routine can be a delicious and effective way to nourish and pamper your skin. Milk is not just a staple in our diets; it also has skincare benefits. Rich in proteins and lipids (油脂), milk helps the skin retain water, keeping it moist and supple, if drunk regularly. However, you can’s add milk into homemade face masks for a hydrating boost, because it might cause skin allergy (过敏) due to the rich nutrition which can’t be absorbed by skin. Olive oil, a Mediterranean staple, is not only great for cooking but also for moisturizing the skin, making the it silky and smooth. While olive oil is an excellent moisturizer, it’s best to use products containing olive oil on the arms and legs rather than the face to avoid clogging pores. Grapes are not only a delicious snack but also a mild source of antioxidants, providing anti-aging protection by combating free radicals (自由基) which can cause damage to the skin. Adding grapes to your diet or skincare routine can help promote a more youthful complexion. Papaya, thanks to its enzyme papain, can help to dissolve pore-blocking debris and slough off dead skin cells, revealing a smoother and brighter complexion. However, individuals with sensitive skin or a papaya allergy should proceed with caution. Strawberries are not just sweet and juicy; they can also help calm redness. The antioxidants in strawberries work to even out skin tone and improve the overall texture of the skin, making it appear more uniform and clear. However, individuals with berry allergies should steer clear of strawberry-based products. Honey helps to lock in moisture and alleviate dry patches, leaving the skin soft and hydrated. However, those with acne-prone skin should use honey-based products sparingly, as they may be too rich and potentially pore-clogging. Therefore, use honey in moderation and choose products with lighter formulas. Tangerines are packed with fruit acids that help exfoliate (去屑) the skin, promoting a smoother and more radiant complexion. Skincare products containing citrus ingredients can help slough off dead skin cells and reveal a fresh layer of skin underneath. Incorporating these food-based ingredients into your skincare routine can provide numerous benefits for your skin, from hydration and exfoliation to antioxidant protection and anti-aging benefits. By harnessing the power of nature’s bounty, you can achieve healthy, glowing skin without the need for harsh chemicals or invasive treatments. So next time you’re in the kitchen, consider reaching for these natural ingredients to nourish and pamper your skin from the inside out. Your skin will thank you for it! 40．To keep skin moist, we can resort to some natural products except __________. A．milk B．olive oil C．honey D．tangerine 41．For an berry-allergic old lady with sensitive skin condition, you’d better recommend __________ to be involved in her diet and daily skincare to help her preserve youth. A．milk B．papaya C．grapes D．strawberries 42．The passage can probably be targeted at ____________________. A．owners of fruit shops who wants to promote sales B．customers in supermarket who are searching for fruits C．women who wants to become beautiful and healthy D．chefs who are particular about food ingredients (C) Many scientists are making greater effort to study ocean currents (洋流) for the moment. Most do it using satellites and other high-tech equipment. However, ocean expert Curtis Esmeyer does it in a special way — by studying movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years' experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the northwest coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear. Esmeyer found out in his researches that the shoes — about 60,000 in total — fell into the ocean in a shipping accident. He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back. As expected, the company told him that they didn't. Esmeyer realized this could be a great experiment. If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed, he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents. The Pacific Northwest is one of the world's best areas for beachcombing (海滩搜寻) because winds and currents join here, and as a result, there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area. Esmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed. In a year he collected reliable information on 1,600 shoes. With this data, he and a colleague were able to test and improve a computer program designed to model ocean currents, and publish the findings of their study. As the result of his work, Esmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean. He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand. They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves. 43．The underlined phrase swap meets in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______. A．repair rooms B．trading fairs C．business talks D．group meetings 44．Esmeyer phoned the shoe company to find out ______. A．what caused the shipping accident B．when and where the shoes went missing C．whether it was all right to use their shoes D．how much they lost in the shipping accident 45．Esmeyer is most famous for ______. A．traveling widely the coastal cities of the world B．making records for any lost objects on the sea C．running a global currents research association D．phoning about any doubtful objects on the sea 46．What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage? A．To call people's attention to ocean pollution. B．To warn people of shipping safety in the ocean. C．To explain a unique way of studying ocean currents. D．To give advice on how to search for lost objects on the beach. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Why can’t we stop longing for the good old days? Why are human beings always so nostalgic (怀旧的) for past eras that seemed difficult and dangerous to those who lived through them? One possibility is that we know we survived past dangers, so they seem smaller now. 47 . Radio didn’t ruin the younger generation, but maybe the smartphone will. 48 . When were the good old days? Was it, by chance, the incredibly short period when you happened to be young? A U.S. poll found that people born in the 1930s and 1940s thought the 1950s was America’s best decade, while those born in the 1960s and 1970s preferred the 1980s. This kind of nostalgia has neurological roots. Researchers have found that we encode more memories during adolescence and early adulthood than any other period of our lives, and when we think about the past, this is the period we most often return to. Moreover, as we grow more distant from past events, we tend to remember them more positively. Obviously, some things really were better in the past. But our instinctive nostalgia for the good old days can easily deceive us, with dangerous consequences. 49 . Vaccination, steam engines, railroads and electricity all met with strong resistance when they were first introduced. The same kinds of anxieties have been expressed in our own time about innovations like the internet, video games and stem-cell research. And not all fears about the future are unfounded. New technologies do result in accidents, they disturb traditional cultures and habits, and they destroy old jobs while creating new ones. But the only way to learn how to make the best use of new technologies and reduce risks is by trial and error. 50 . A．The future won’t be perfect, but neither were the good old days. B．When a new invention is first made, its inventor has to test it through trial and error. C．Longing for the past and fear of the future discourage the experiments and innovations that drive progress. D．But we can never be certain we will solve the problems we are facing today. E．Psychologists say this kind of feeling is natural and sometimes even useful. F．Another reason is that historical nostalgia is often colored by personal nostalgia. III. Translation (共15分。第1-2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 51．这位木匠还是和过去一样幸灾乐祸。（delight v.，the way） (汉译英) 52．为应付例行检查，同学们把课桌擦到锃锃亮。（respond）(汉译英) 53．尽管水果富含维生素，减肥心切的女士们不应该用它们来代替均衡的正餐。（replace）(汉译英) 54．说起背单词，临时抱佛脚是下下策，循序渐进方能见效。（difference）(汉译英) IV.Guided Writing (共25分) 55．假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Michael对中国文化和旅游兴趣浓厚。你得知名为“Discover China”的旅行团将于今年暑期组织为期两周的深度游。请你用英语写一封电子邮件，向他介绍以下信息并鼓励报名： 1.基本信息(出发时间、行程城市及特色体验); 2.报名方式及截止日期。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Michael, Knowing your deep curiosity about Chinese culture and travel, I’m thrilled to share news about the “Discover China” tour! ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 试题 第11页（共12页） 试题 第12页（共12页） 试题 第9页（共12页） 试题 第10页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高一下学期期末模拟卷 英语 （考试时间：90分钟 试卷满分：105分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：必修二Units 3~4+必修三全册（上教版） 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. My community and state are still recovering from the recent disaster. A storm 1 （strike）on a Friday evening, knocking down trees, blocking roads, damaging homes, and destroying power lines. Hundreds of thousands of people suddenly found themselves in the dark 2 water, electricity, air conditioning, and internet. They found themselves cut off from the modern world. 3 （endure）90 degree plus heat, they had no idea when it would be over. However, the most amazing thing happened. 4 the reality of the crisis sank in, it brought out the best in us. While there were a few acts of selfishness, they 5 （overlook）amid the wave of love that came from the hearts of so many. People shared their food, ice, and gasoline. People who still had power opened their homes to 6 who had none. People rushed out to clear roads and homes of fallen trees. Selfless power engineers worked around the clock to repair the damage and restore electricity. People gathered in their gardens 7 they shared hugs and offered words of hope and faith that they would see themselves through it all. Strangers came together as one family to help each other in this time of great need. Most people acted like heroes under the most difficult circumstances. Life’s disasters challenge all of us from time to time with no one 8 （spare）. How we respond to them, however, is up to us. We 9 react to them like evils of selfishness or like heroes of love. May you always bring the best from your heart to 10 life may throw at you then! 【答案】 1．struck 2．without 3．Enduring 4．As/When 5．were overlooked 6．those 7．where 8．spared 9．can 10．whatever/what 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在暴风雨过后的见闻和感想。 1．考查时态。句意：周五晚上，一场风暴袭来，树木被吹倒，道路被堵塞，房屋被破坏，电线被摧毁。考查本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“on a Friday evening”可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填struck。 2．考查介词。句意：成千上万的人突然发现自己身处黑暗之中，没有水、电、空调和网络。根据空前的in the dark可知，是没有水、电等的；根据其后water可知，空处为介词without，表示“没有”。故填without。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：忍受着90多度的高温，他们不知道什么时候才能结束。分析句子可知，句中缺少主语，所以用动名词形式作主语。故填Enduring。 4．考查连词。句意：随着危机的现实逐渐深入人心，它激发了我们最好的一面。根据句意可知，这里为时间状语从句，表示“随着……/当……”，用when/as。出现在句首，首字母大写。故填When/As。 5．考查时态和语态。句意：虽然有一些自私的行为，但它们在来自许多人心中的爱的浪潮中被忽视了。根据从句的时态可知，主句时态为一般过去时；主语they，复数，和动词overlook之间存在被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填were overlooked。 6．考查代词。句意：那些还有电的人会向那些没有电的人敞开家门。根据下文的“who had none”可知，指的是没有电的那些人，用代词those。故填those。 7．考查定语从句。句意：人们聚集在自家的花园里，相互拥抱，表达希望和信念，相信自己能渡过难关。句中先行词为gardens，在定语从句中担当地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：生活中的灾难不时地挑战着我们，没有一个人能幸免。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。动词spare和宾语no one之间存在被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填spared。 9．考查情态动词。句意：我们可以像自私的恶魔或有爱的英雄那样对待他们。根据上文的“How we respond to them, however, is up to us.”可知，这里指的是我们可以采取的方式，表示“可以、能够”用情态动词can。故填can。 10．考查名词性从句。句意：愿你永远把内心最美好的东西用来迎接生活所带来的任何挑战！分析句子可知，本句为宾语从句。从句中缺少宾语，表示物，可用what表示“什么”也可用whatever表示“不管什么”。故填whatever/what。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．critics        B．experimented        C．supply        D．sufficient        E．feed        F．resolve G．hazardous        H．novel                I．processed        J．produced        K．extinct The population of the world is increasing rapidly. By 2030, there could be 8.0 billion people on earth. Will there be 11 food for all these people, or will we have a food shortage? Some scientists think fish farming could 12 this problem. However, other scientists worry that fish farming could cause serious environmental problems. Fish farming is not a 13 thing. There were fish farms in China 3, 000 years ago. Today, about one-third of the fish we eat comes from fish farms. Most fish farms raise plant-eating fish. Popular kinds of plant-eating fish are carp, tilapia, and catfish. Unfortunately, many fish farms are starting to raise meat-eating fish. A popular type of meat-eating fish is salmon. These meat-eating fish live on 14 food made from wild fish. However, it takes up to 5 tons of wild fish to produce just 1 ton of farm-raised salmon. The 15 of wild fish is already decreasing. Eventually, many types of wild fish could go 16 . What will we do then? 17 of fish farming also say that farm-raised fish is unhealthy for humans. They say the fish contains dangerous chemicals. They also blame the issue on fish farming because it pollutes the water. Another criticism is that farm-raised fish can spread diseases to wild fish. Some people say that the farming methods being used now hasn’t 18 enough fish anyway. Instead of putting fish farms in lakes or near the coast, they say that the fish farms should be moved far out into the ocean. Several countries have already 19 with deep-ocean farms. In the future, fish farms might be large cages that move across the ocean. Like most things, there is both a good and a bad side to fish farming. Fish farming may help to 20 millions of people. At the same time, however, fish farming may damage the environment. 【答案】 11．D 12．F 13．H 14．I 15．C 16．K 17．A 18．J 19．B 20．E 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了世界人口增长和随之而来的潜在食物短缺问题，以及养鱼作为解决方案的利弊。 11．考查形容词。句意：到2030年，地球上可能将有80亿人口。会有足够的食物供给所有这些人吗，还是会发生食物短缺？根据后文“or will we have a food shortage(还是会发生食物短缺)”可知，此处应表示“足够的”，形容词。故选D项。 12．考查动词。句意：然而，其他科学家担心养鱼可能会引起严重的环境问题。根据前文“some scientists think fish farming could(其他科学家担心养鱼可能会)”以及下文“this problem(这一问题)”可知，此处应表示“解决”含义的动词。故选F项。 13．考查形容词。句意：养鱼不是一件新鲜事。根据前文“Fish farming is not a(养鱼不是一件)”和后文“There were fish farms in China 3, 000 years ago(三千多年前在中国就有渔场)”可知，此处应表示“新奇的，新颖的”，使用形容词作定语。故选H项。 14．考查动词。句意：不幸的是，许多养鱼场开始养殖食肉鱼类。一种受欢迎的食肉鱼类是鲑鱼。这些食肉鱼类以加工食物为食，这些食物由野生鱼类制成。根据后文“made from wild fish(由野生鱼类制成)”可知，此处应表示“加工”。故选I项。 15．考查名词。句意：然而，这需要多达5吨的野生鱼类才能生产出1吨的养鱼场养殖鲑鱼。根据后文“wild fish is already decreasing(野生鱼的……正在下降)”可知，此处应表示“供应”。故选C项。 16．考查形容词。句意：最终，许多野生鱼类可能会灭绝。根据上文“wild fish could go(野生鱼会……)”以及下文“What will we do then?(那个时候我们应该怎么办？)”可知，此处应表示“灭绝的”。故选K项。 17．考查名词。句意：养鱼的批评者还说，养鱼对人类来说是不健康的。根据后文“Another criticism is that farm-raised fish can spread diseases to wild fish (另一个批评是渔场养的鱼会将疾病传播至野生鱼)”可知，此处应表示“批评者”。故选A项。 18．考查动词。句意：然而，现在使用的方法还没有产生足够的鱼类。根据后文“enough fish (足够的鱼)”可知，此处应表示“产生”。故选J项。 19．考查动词。句意：几个国家已经在深海养殖场进行了实验。根据后文“with deep-ocean farms(深海养殖场)”可知，此处应表示“对……进行实验”。故选B项。 20．考查动词。句意：渔场养殖有助于养活数百万人。根据后文“millions of people(数百万人)”可知，此处应表示“养活”。故选E项。 II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Why do so few people find fulfillment in their work? Amy Wrzesniewski, a Yale School of Management professor who studies these issues, offered an explanation that made a lot of 21 . Students, she said, “think their calling is under a rock, and if they 22 enough rocks, they will find it.” Surveys confirm that meaning is the top thing Millennials (千禧一代) say they want from a job. And yet her research shows that less than 50% of people see their work as a calling. So, many of her students are left feeling anxious, 23 , and completely unsatisfied by the good jobs and careers they do secure. What they—and many of us, I think—fail to realize is that work can be 24 even if you don’t think of it as a calling. The four most common occupations in America are retail (零售) salesperson, cashier, food preparer/server, and office clerk—jobs that aren’t typically 25 “meaning.” But all have something in common with those professions that are, such as teachers and doctors: They exist to help others. And as Adam Grant, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania, has shown, people who see their work as a form of 26 always rank their jobs as more meaningful. That means you can find meaning in nearly any role in nearly any organization. 27 , most companies create products or services to fill a need in the world, and all employees contribute in their own ways. The key is to become more conscious about the service you’re providing— 28 and personally. How? One strategy is to constantly remind yourself of your organization’s main 29 . Life Is Good is a clothing company best known for colorful T-shirts with stick-figure designs, but its mission is to spread 30 and hope throughout the world, and that’s something even storeroom employees understand. If you work for an accounting firm, you’re helping people or companies with the 31 task of doing their taxes. Each job serves a purpose in the world. Even if you can’t get excited about your company’s mission or customers, you can still adopt a service attitude by thinking about how your work 32 those you love. Consider a study of women working in a shoe factory in Mexico. Researchers found that those who described the work as dull were generally less productive than those who said it was 33 . But the effects went away for those in the former group who saw the work (however boring) as a way to support their families. With that attitude, they were just as productive and 34 as the workers who didn’t mind the task. Not everyone finds their one true calling. But that doesn’t mean we’re fated to work meaningless jobs. If we 35 our tasks as opportunities to help others, any occupation can feel more significant. 21．A．progress B．trouble C．sense D．difference 22．A．carve out B．turn over C．pile up D．keep off 23．A．frustrated B．shocked C．inspired D．excited 24．A．meaningful B．demanding C．repetitive D．challenging 25．A．distinguished from B．exposed to C．associated with D．defined as 26．A．understanding B．existing C．producing D．giving 27．A．In conclusion B．After all C．By comparison D．In addition 28．A．as a whole B．in this way C．in public D．on average 29．A．advantage B．business C．objective D．construction 30．A．optimism B．information C．designs D．strategies 31．A．unpleasant B．dangerous C．productive D．urgent 32．A．gathers B．benefits C．worries D．entertains 33．A．embarrassing B．rewarding C．rough D．temporary 34．A．relaxed B．surprised C．confused D．energized 35．A．assign B．abandon C．neglect D．reframe 【答案】 21．C 22．B 23．A 24．A 25．C 26．D 27．B 28．A 29．C 30．A 31．A 32．B 33．B 34．D 35．D 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过提出为什么很少有人能在工作中找到成就感进行研究，分析了其原因以及提出了具体怎么做的建议。研究人员发现，这主要是因为我们中的许多人都没有意识到工作可以是有意义的，我们可以在几乎任何工作的任何角色中找到工作的意义。 21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：耶鲁大学管理学院研究这些问题的教授Amy Wrzesniewski给出了一个有道理的解释。A. progress进步，发展；B. trouble麻烦，烦恼，故障；C. sense道理，感觉，观念；D. difference差异，不同。短语make sense讲得通，有道理，根据offered an explanation可知此处表示有道理的解释。故选C。 22．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：她说，学生们“认为他们对工作的成就感还没有被挖掘出来，如果被挖掘出来，就能能找到工作的成就感。”A. carve out开拓；B. turn over把…翻过来，翻阅，移交给；C. pile up堆积，积累；D. keep off让开，不接近。根据they will find it可知此处表示要把那些岩石翻开。故选B。 23．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，她的许多学生感到焦虑、沮丧，对他们所拥有的好工作和职业完全不满意。A. frustrated懊恼的，沮丧的；B. shocked震惊的；C. inspired受鼓舞的，品质优秀的；D. excited激动的。根据feeling anxious和and completely unsatisfied可知此处用沮丧的符合题意。故选A。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为，他们和我们中的许多人没有意识到，即使你认为工作是有成就感的，它也可能是有意义的。A. meaningful有意义的；B. demanding要求高的，费力的；C. repetitive    重复的；D. challenging挑战的。根据fail to realize可知此处表示工作可以是有意义的。故选A。 25．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在美国，最常见的四种职业是零售销售、收银员、食品加工者/服务员以及办公室文员，这些工作与“意义”无关。A. distinguished from区别于；B. exposed to暴露于；C. associated with与…相联系，与…有关；D. defined as界定，给…下定义。根据jobs that aren’t typically可知此处表示这些工作与“意义”无关。故选C。 26．考查动名词词义辨析。句意：正如宾夕法尼亚大学教授Adam Grant所表明的，那些把工作视为奉献的人，总是认为自己的工作更有意义。A. understanding理解；B. existing存在；C. producing生产；D. giving给予，付出，奉献。根据They exist to help others可知此处表示那些把工作视为奉献的人，总是认为自己的工作更有意义。故选D。 27．考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：毕竟，大多数公司创造产品或服务来满足世界的需求，所有员工都以自己的方式做出贡献。A. In conclusion总之，最后；B. After all毕竟，终究；C. By comparison相比之下；D. In addition另外，此外。根据上文That means you can find meaning in nearly any role in nearly any organization.可知此处表示毕竟之意。故选B。 28．考查副词短语词义辨析。句意：关键是要更加意识到你所提供的服务——既是整体的又是个人的。A. as a whole总的来说；B. in this way用这种方法；C. in public公开地，当众；D. on average平均，通常。根据and personally可知此处表示既是整体的又是个人的。故选A。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一种策略是不断提醒自己公司的主要目标。A. advantage优势，利益；B. business生意，商业；C. objective    目的，目标；D. construction建设。根据but its mission is to spread可知此处表示不断提醒自己公司的主要目标。故选C。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Life Is Good是一家服装公司，最出名的是色彩鲜艳的T恤和线条设计，但它的使命是向全世界传播乐观和希望，这是连储藏室的员工都能理解的。A. optimism乐观，乐观主义；B. information知识，信息；C. designs设计；D. strategies战略策略。根据and hope throughout the world可知此处表示它的使命是向全世界传播乐观和希望。故选A。 31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果你在一家会计公司工作，你就是在帮助人们或公司完成一项不愉快的税务工作。A. unpleasant使人不愉快的，讨厌的；B. dangerous危险的；C. productive生产的，多产的；D. urgent紧急的，急迫的。根据doing their taxes可知对人们或者公司而言，税务工作是不愉快的。故选A。 32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使你不能对公司的使命或客户感到兴奋，你仍然可以通过思考你的工作如何让你所爱的人受益来采取一种服务态度。A. gathers收集，集聚；B. benefits有益于；C. worries担忧；D. entertains招待，娱乐。根据those you love可知此处表示思考你的工作如何让你所爱的人受益。故选B。 33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究人员发现，那些认为工作枯燥的人通常比那些认为工作有益的人效率更低。A. embarrassing令人尴尬的；B. rewarding有益的，值得的；C. rough粗糙的，艰苦的；D. temporary暂时的，临时的。根据than可知此处表示两种态度的对比，由those who described the work as dull were generally less productive可知此处表示那些认为工作有益的人。故选B。 34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有了这种态度，他们就像那些不介意任务的员工一样富有成效和精力充沛。A. relaxed放松的，自在的；B. surprised感到惊讶的；C. confused困惑的；D. energized有活力的。根据they were just as productive可知此处用有活力的符合题意。故选D。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们把自己的任务重新定义为帮助他人的机会，那么任何职业都会让人感觉更有意义。A. assign分配，指派；B. abandon遗弃，离开；C. neglect忽略，忽视；D. reframe全新地拟定（或表达），再构造。根据any occupation can feel more significant可知此处表示把把自己的任务重新定义。故选D。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Charles Robert Darwin was born on 12 February 1809 in Shropshire, England. Darwin’s childhood passion was science, and his interest in chemistry, however, was clear; he was even nicknamed ‘Gas’ by his classmates. In 1825, his father sent him to study medicine at Edinburgh University, where he learned how to classify plants. Darwin became passionate about natural history and this became his focus while he studied at Cambridge. Darwin went on a voyage together with Robert Fitzroy, the captain of HMS Beagle, to South America to facilitate British trade in Patagonia. The journey was life-changing. Darwin spent much of the trip on land collecting samples of plants, animals and rocks, which helped him to develop an understanding of the processes that shape the Earth’s surface. Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time. Darwin’s work convinced him that natural selection was key to understanding the development of the natural world. The theory of natural selection says that individuals of a species are more likely to survive when they inherit (经遗传获得) characteristics best suited for that specific environment. These features then become more widespread and can lead eventually to the development of a new species. With natural selection, Darwin argued how a wide variety of life forms developed over time from a single common ancestor. Darwin married his cousin, Emma Wedgwood, in 1839. When Darwin’s eldest daughter, Annie, died from a sudden illness in 1851, he lost his belief in God. His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, altering how Darwin thought about the human species. Darwin had previously thought that species remained adapted until the environment changed; he now believed that every new variation was imperfect and that a struggle to survive was what drove species to adapt. Though rejected at the beginning, Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection is nowadays well accepted by the scientific community as the best evidence-based explanation for the diversity and complexity of life on Earth. The Natural History Museum’s library alone has 478 editions of his On the Origin of Species in 38 languages. 36．What made Darwin reconsider the origin and development of species? A．Examining plants and animals collected. B．His desire for a voyage to different continents. C．Classifying samples in a journey to South America. D．His passion for natural history at Edinburgh University. 37．We can learn from paragraphs 1 to 3 that Darwin ________. A．used natural selection to develop new species B．enjoyed being called nicknames related to science C．learned some knowledge about plants when studying medicine D．argued with others over the diversity of life forms for a long period 38．Which of the following changed Darwin’s view on the human species? A．That he had ten children in all. B．His youngest son’s being disabled. C．That he lost his eldest daughter. D．His marriage with Emma Wedgwood. 39．This passage is mainly about ________. A．Darwin’s passion for medical science B．Darwin’s theory and experiments C．Charles Darwin’s changing interest D．Charles Darwin’s life and work 【答案】36．A 37．C 38．B 39．D 【导语】这是一篇人物传记，讲述了查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文的生平、科学兴趣、重要理论以及他的个人生活。 36．细节理解题。由文章第二段最后一句“Darwin’s analysis of the plants and animals that he gathered led him to express doubts on former explanations about how species formed and evolved over time. ”（达尔文对所收集的植物和动物的分析使他开始质疑过去关于物种如何形成和随时间演化的解释。）可知，达尔文对所收集的植物和动物的分析使他对物种的起源和发展产生质疑和重新审议。故选A项。 37．细节理解题。由文章第二段第一句“In 1825, his father sent him to study medicine at Edinburgh University, where he learned how to classify plants. ”（1825年，他的父亲送他去爱丁堡大学学医，在那里他学会了如何对植物进行分类。）可推断，达尔文在学医时候了解到了关于植物的知识。故选C项。 38．细节理解题。由文章第四段第二句和三句“His tenth and final child, Charles Waring Darwin, was born in 1856. Significantly for Darwin, this baby was disabled, altering how Darwin thought about the human species. ”（他的第十个也是最后一个孩子查尔斯·沃林·达尔文于1856年出生。对达尔文来说，这个婴儿是残疾的，这改变了达尔文对人类物种的看法。）可知，达尔文最小的孩子的先天残疾使达尔文改变了人类物种的看法。故选B项。 39．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章前三段主要讲述了查尔斯·罗伯特·达尔文的生平、学业经历、科学兴趣对其理论形成和发展的影响。第四段讲述了他的家庭和个人生活、最后一段讲述了达尔文理论的地位和影响。因此，文章主要讲述了达尔文的生活和工作。故选D项。 (B) In the quest for radiant and youthful skin, many people turn to cosmetic products and treatments. However, nature provides us with a bounty of ingredients that can work wonders for our skin without the need for harsh chemicals or invasive procedures. Incorporating food-based ingredients into your skincare routine can be a delicious and effective way to nourish and pamper your skin. Milk is not just a staple in our diets; it also has skincare benefits. Rich in proteins and lipids (油脂), milk helps the skin retain water, keeping it moist and supple, if drunk regularly. However, you can’s add milk into homemade face masks for a hydrating boost, because it might cause skin allergy (过敏) due to the rich nutrition which can’t be absorbed by skin. Olive oil, a Mediterranean staple, is not only great for cooking but also for moisturizing the skin, making the it silky and smooth. While olive oil is an excellent moisturizer, it’s best to use products containing olive oil on the arms and legs rather than the face to avoid clogging pores. Grapes are not only a delicious snack but also a mild source of antioxidants, providing anti-aging protection by combating free radicals (自由基) which can cause damage to the skin. Adding grapes to your diet or skincare routine can help promote a more youthful complexion. Papaya, thanks to its enzyme papain, can help to dissolve pore-blocking debris and slough off dead skin cells, revealing a smoother and brighter complexion. However, individuals with sensitive skin or a papaya allergy should proceed with caution. Strawberries are not just sweet and juicy; they can also help calm redness. The antioxidants in strawberries work to even out skin tone and improve the overall texture of the skin, making it appear more uniform and clear. However, individuals with berry allergies should steer clear of strawberry-based products. Honey helps to lock in moisture and alleviate dry patches, leaving the skin soft and hydrated. However, those with acne-prone skin should use honey-based products sparingly, as they may be too rich and potentially pore-clogging. Therefore, use honey in moderation and choose products with lighter formulas. Tangerines are packed with fruit acids that help exfoliate (去屑) the skin, promoting a smoother and more radiant complexion. Skincare products containing citrus ingredients can help slough off dead skin cells and reveal a fresh layer of skin underneath. Incorporating these food-based ingredients into your skincare routine can provide numerous benefits for your skin, from hydration and exfoliation to antioxidant protection and anti-aging benefits. By harnessing the power of nature’s bounty, you can achieve healthy, glowing skin without the need for harsh chemicals or invasive treatments. So next time you’re in the kitchen, consider reaching for these natural ingredients to nourish and pamper your skin from the inside out. Your skin will thank you for it! 40．To keep skin moist, we can resort to some natural products except __________. A．milk B．olive oil C．honey D．tangerine 41．For an berry-allergic old lady with sensitive skin condition, you’d better recommend __________ to be involved in her diet and daily skincare to help her preserve youth. A．milk B．papaya C．grapes D．strawberries 42．The passage can probably be targeted at ____________________. A．owners of fruit shops who wants to promote sales B．customers in supermarket who are searching for fruits C．women who wants to become beautiful and healthy D．chefs who are particular about food ingredients 【答案】40．D 41．C 42．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何利用食物成分改善皮肤护理效果，包括牛奶保湿、橄榄油滋润、葡萄抗氧化、木瓜去角质、草莓舒缓红肿、蜂蜜保湿和橘子去屑，强调天然成分的优势和健康护肤的重要性。 40．细节理解题。根据表格第一行的“Rich in proteins and lipids (油脂), milk helps the skin retain water, keeping it moist and supple, if drunk regularly. (牛奶富含蛋白质和脂质，如果经常饮用，可以帮助皮肤保持水分，保持皮肤湿润和柔软。)”和表格第二行的“While olive oil is an excellent moisturizer, it’s best to use products containing olive oil on the arms and legs rather than the face to avoid clogging pores.(虽然橄榄油是一种极好的保湿剂，但最好将含有橄榄油的产品用在胳膊和腿上，而不是脸上，以避免堵塞毛孔。)”和表格第六行的“Honey helps to lock in moisture and alleviate dry patches, leaving the skin soft and hydrated.(蜂蜜有助于锁住水分，缓解皮肤干燥，使皮肤柔软、水润。)”和表格第七行的“Tangerines are packed with fruit acids that help exfoliate the skin, promoting a smoother and more radiant complexion.(橘子富含果酸，可以帮助皮肤去角质，促进皮肤更光滑、更有光泽。含有柑橘类成分的护肤品可以帮助去除死皮细胞，让皮肤下面呈现出一层新鲜的皮肤。)”可知， 文中提到了橘子的去角质特性，因为它含有果酸，可以使皮肤更光滑、更有光泽。然而，与牛奶、橄榄油和蜂蜜相比，橘子通常不专门用于保湿目的，而牛奶、橄榄油和蜂蜜则以其对皮肤的保湿和补水功效而闻名。因此，橘子不适合用于保持皮肤水分。故选D。 41．细节理解题。根据表格第一行的“However, you can’s add milk into homemade face masks for a hydrating boost, because it might cause skin allergy due to the rich nutrition which can’t be absorbed by skin.(然而，你不能在自制的面膜中加入牛奶来补水，因为它可能会导致皮肤过敏，因为丰富的营养不能被皮肤吸收。) ”和表格第四行的“However, individuals with sensitive skin or a papaya allergy should proceed with caution.(然而，皮肤敏感或对木瓜过敏的人应该谨慎行事。) ”和表格第五行的“However, individuals with berry allergies should steer clear of strawberry-based products.(然而，对浆果过敏的人应该避开草莓类产品。) ”可知，牛奶、木瓜和草莓对于一个对浆果过敏、皮肤敏感的老太太来说都不合适，再由表格第三行的“Grapes are not only a delicious snack but also a mild source of antioxidants, providing anti-aging protection by combating free radicals which can cause damage to the skin. Adding grapes to your diet or skincare routine can help promote a more youthful complexion.(葡萄不仅是一种美味的零食，也是一种温和的抗氧化剂来源，通过对抗自由基提供抗衰老保护，自由基会对皮肤造成损害。在你的饮食或护肤中加入葡萄可以帮助你拥有更年轻的肤色。) ”可知，葡萄可以添加到她的饮食和日常护肤中，帮助她保持年轻。故选C。 42．推理判断题。根据第一段的“In the quest for radiant and youthful skin, many people turn to cosmetic products and treatments. However, nature provides us with a bounty of ingredients that can work wonders for our skin without the need for harsh chemicals or invasive procedures. Incorporating food-based ingredients into your skincare routine can be a delicious and effective way to nourish and pamper your skin.(为了获得容光焕发和年轻的皮肤，许多人转向化妆品和治疗。然而，大自然为我们提供了大量的成分，可以为我们的皮肤创造奇迹，而不需要刺激性的化学物质或侵入性的程序。在日常护肤中加入食物成分是一种既美味又有效的滋养和呵护皮肤的方法。)”和最后一段的“Incorporating these food-based ingredients into your skincare routine can provide numerous benefits for your skin, from hydration and exfoliation to antioxidant protection and anti-aging benefits. By harnessing the power of nature’s bounty, you can achieve healthy, glowing skin without the need for harsh chemicals or invasive treatments. So next time you’re in the kitchen, consider reaching for these natural ingredients to nourish and pamper your skin from the inside out. Your skin will thank you for it!(将这些食物成分加入你的护肤程序中可以为你的皮肤提供许多好处，从补水和去角质到抗氧化保护和抗衰老。利用大自然的恩赐，你可以获得健康、容光焕发的皮肤，而不需要刺激性的化学物质或侵入性的治疗。所以下次你在厨房的时候，考虑使用这些天然成分，从内到外滋养和呵护你的皮肤。你的皮肤会感谢你的！)”可知，从牛奶、橄榄油、葡萄、木瓜、草莓、蜂蜜和橘子等食品中提取的天然护肤成分对皮肤补水、抗衰老、去角质和整体皮肤健康的好处，目标受众可能对自然的方法感兴趣，而不是诉诸刺激性化学物质或侵入性治疗，因此这篇文章针对的是那些想要变得美丽和健康的女性。故选C。 (C) Many scientists are making greater effort to study ocean currents (洋流) for the moment. Most do it using satellites and other high-tech equipment. However, ocean expert Curtis Esmeyer does it in a special way — by studying movements of random floating garbage. A scientist with many years' experience, he started this type of research in the early 1990s when he heard about hundreds of athletic shoes washing up on the shores of the northwest coast of the United States. There were so many shoes that people were setting up swap meets to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear. Esmeyer found out in his researches that the shoes — about 60,000 in total — fell into the ocean in a shipping accident. He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back. As expected, the company told him that they didn't. Esmeyer realized this could be a great experiment. If he learned when and where the shoes went into the water and tracked where they landed, he could learn a lot about the patterns of ocean currents. The Pacific Northwest is one of the world's best areas for beachcombing (海滩搜寻) because winds and currents join here, and as a result, there is a group of serious beachcombers in the area. Esmeyer got to know a lot of them and asked for their help in collecting information about where the shoes landed. In a year he collected reliable information on 1,600 shoes. With this data, he and a colleague were able to test and improve a computer program designed to model ocean currents, and publish the findings of their study. As the result of his work, Esmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean. He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand. They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves. 43．The underlined phrase swap meets in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______. A．repair rooms B．trading fairs C．business talks D．group meetings 44．Esmeyer phoned the shoe company to find out ______. A．what caused the shipping accident B．when and where the shoes went missing C．whether it was all right to use their shoes D．how much they lost in the shipping accident 45．Esmeyer is most famous for ______. A．traveling widely the coastal cities of the world B．making records for any lost objects on the sea C．running a global currents research association D．phoning about any doubtful objects on the sea 46．What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage? A．To call people's attention to ocean pollution. B．To warn people of shipping safety in the ocean. C．To explain a unique way of studying ocean currents. D．To give advice on how to search for lost objects on the beach. 【答案】43．B 44．C 45．D 46．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述海洋专家Curtis Ebbesmeyer通过一种特殊的方式来研究洋流,即通过追踪随机漂浮垃圾的运动轨迹来研究洋流。 43．词义猜测题，根据第一段划线句下文“to try and match left and right shoes to sell or wear.(以试图匹配左右鞋子来出售或穿着)”可推断，有这么多的鞋，人们设立了旧物交换会尝试匹配的左、右鞋出售或穿着。可知swap meets意为贸易交换所。故选B。 44．细节理解题，根据第二段的“He phoned the shoe company and asked if they wanted the shoes back. As expected, the company told him that they didn't. Esmeyer realized this could be a great experiment.(他打电话给鞋业公司，问他们是否想要回鞋子。不出所料，该公司告诉他，他们不要。埃斯迈耶意识到这可能是一个伟大的实验)”可知，Ebbesmeye打电话的目的是为了确定自己是否有权使用这些鞋子。故选C。 45．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“As the result of his work, Esmeyer has become known as the scientist to call with questions about any unusual objects found floating in the ocean. He has even started an association of beachcombers and ocean experts, with 500 subscribers from West Africa to New Zealand. They have recorded all lost objects ranging from potatoes to golf gloves.(由于他的工作成果，埃斯迈耶已经成为著名的科学家，会有人打电话询问在海洋中发现的任何不寻常的漂浮物。他甚至成立了一个由海滩拾荒者和海洋专家组成的协会，从西非到新西兰，已有500名会员。他们记录了从土豆到高尔夫手套的所有失物)”可知，Ebbesmeyer已经成为一位知名科学家，一旦发现海上有不寻常的漂浮物时，人们都会打电话咨询他，故选D。 46．推理判断题，根据第一段“Many scientists are making greater effort to study ocean currents(洋流) for the moment. Most do it using satellites and other high-tech equipment. However, ocean expert Curtis Esmeyer does it in a special way --- by studying movements of random floating garbage.(现在科学家们正在努力研究洋流。大多数人使用卫星和其他高科技设备。然而,海洋专家Curtis Ebbesmeyer一采用种特殊的方式来研究洋流,即通过追踪随机漂浮垃圾的运动轨迹来研究洋流)”可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是阐述一种特殊的研究海洋洋流的方式。故选C。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. Why can’t we stop longing for the good old days? Why are human beings always so nostalgic (怀旧的) for past eras that seemed difficult and dangerous to those who lived through them? One possibility is that we know we survived past dangers, so they seem smaller now. 47 . Radio didn’t ruin the younger generation, but maybe the smartphone will. 48 . When were the good old days? Was it, by chance, the incredibly short period when you happened to be young? A U.S. poll found that people born in the 1930s and 1940s thought the 1950s was America’s best decade, while those born in the 1960s and 1970s preferred the 1980s. This kind of nostalgia has neurological roots. Researchers have found that we encode more memories during adolescence and early adulthood than any other period of our lives, and when we think about the past, this is the period we most often return to. Moreover, as we grow more distant from past events, we tend to remember them more positively. Obviously, some things really were better in the past. But our instinctive nostalgia for the good old days can easily deceive us, with dangerous consequences. 49 . Vaccination, steam engines, railroads and electricity all met with strong resistance when they were first introduced. The same kinds of anxieties have been expressed in our own time about innovations like the internet, video games and stem-cell research. And not all fears about the future are unfounded. New technologies do result in accidents, they disturb traditional cultures and habits, and they destroy old jobs while creating new ones. But the only way to learn how to make the best use of new technologies and reduce risks is by trial and error. 50 . A．The future won’t be perfect, but neither were the good old days. B．When a new invention is first made, its inventor has to test it through trial and error. C．Longing for the past and fear of the future discourage the experiments and innovations that drive progress. D．But we can never be certain we will solve the problems we are facing today. E．Psychologists say this kind of feeling is natural and sometimes even useful. F．Another reason is that historical nostalgia is often colored by personal nostalgia. 【答案】47．D 48．F 49．C 50．A 【导语】本文是议论文。文章通过分析人类对过去美好时光的怀旧情绪，探讨了怀旧的根源、影响以及对现实和未来的影响。 47．下文提到“Obviously, some things really were better in the past. But our instinctive nostalgia for the good old days can easily deceive us, with dangerous consequences. (显然，有些事情过去确实更好。但我们对美好旧日的本能怀旧情绪很容易欺骗我们，带来危险的后果。)”说明过去确实有比现在好的地方，但我们对过去的怀旧情绪可能会误导我们，带来危险的后果。D项中的“we can never be certain we will solve the problems we are facing today (我们永远无法确定我们将解决我们今天面临的问题。)”与上文相呼应，表达了我们不能确定是否能解决当前面临的问题，符合题意，故选D。 48．下文提到“Was it, by chance, the incredibly short period when you happened to be young? (这是否仅仅是偶然，那个你碰巧年轻过的难以置信的短暂时期？)”说明人们常常认为他们年轻时的时期是最好的时光。F项中的“Another reason is that historical nostalgia is often colored by personal nostalgia (另一个原因是，对历史的怀旧往往被个人的怀旧情绪所渲染。)”与上文一致，指出历史怀旧常常被个人怀旧所影响，符合题意，故选F。 49．上文提到“our instinctive nostalgia for the good old days can easily deceive us, with dangerous consequences. (我们对美好旧日的本能怀旧情绪很容易欺骗我们，带来危险的后果。)”说明对过去的怀旧情绪可能会误导我们。C项中的“Longing for the past and fear of the future discourage the experiments and innovations that drive progress (对过去的渴望和对未来的恐惧会阻碍推动进步的实验和创新。)”与上文相呼应，表达了对过去的怀旧和对未来的恐惧会阻碍推动进步的实验和创新，符合题意，故选C。 50．上文提到“the only way to learn how to make the best use of new technologies and reduce risks is by trial and error. (学习如何最好地利用新技术并降低风险的唯一方法是通过试错。)”说明学习如何最好地利用新技术和减少风险的唯一方法是通过试错。A项中的“The future won’t be perfect, but neither were the good old days (未来不会完美，但那些所谓的好旧时光同样也不完美。)”与上文相呼应，表达了未来不会完美，过去的日子也不是，符合题意，故选A。 III. Translation (共15分。第1-2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 51．这位木匠还是和过去一样幸灾乐祸。（delight v.，the way） (汉译英) 【答案】The carpenter still delights in others’ misfortunes the way he used to. 【详解】考查时态、名词、固定搭配、副词、方式状语从句、名词所有格。表示“木匠”用carpenter，此处为特指，carpenter前加the。表示“以……为乐”用固定搭配delight in，本句表经常性、习惯性动作，故时态用一般现在时，且主语为The carpenter，故谓语用第三人称单数形式。表示“仍然”用副词still，作状语，修饰delights in。表示“不幸的事”用misfortune，不幸的事不止一个，应用名词复数形式，作delights in的宾语。表示“其他人”用others，用others’“其他人的”作定语，修饰名词misfortunes。表示“用这样的方法”用the way，引导方式状语从句。从句中：表示“他”用he，作主语。表示“曾经”用used to，作谓语。故翻译为The carpenter still delights in others’ misfortunes the way he used to. 52．为应付例行检查，同学们把课桌擦到锃锃亮。（respond）(汉译英) 【答案】In order to respond to routine inspections, the students polished the desks to a shine. 【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“为了”应用in order to do sth.；表示“应付”短语为respond to；表示“例行检查”短语为routine inspections；主语为复数名词students；表示“把课桌擦到锃锃亮”翻译为polish the desks to a shine。为一般过去时。故翻译为In order to respond to routine inspections, the students polished the desks to a shine. 53．尽管水果富含维生素，减肥心切的女士们不应该用它们来代替均衡的正餐。（replace）(汉译英) 【答案】Although fruits are rich in vitamins, ladies who are eager to lose weight should not replace them with balanced meals. 【详解】考查连词、动词短语和时态。“尽管”用although，引导让步状语从句；“富含”用be rich in表达，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，主语fruits是复数，所以be动词用are；“减肥心切的女士们”用ladies who are eager to lose weight表达，其中who引导定语从句，修饰先行词 ladies；“不应该”用should not；“用……代替……”用replace...with..；“均衡的正餐”用balanced meals。故整句话翻译为：Although fruits are rich in vitamins, ladies who are eager to lose weight should not replace them with balanced meals。 54．说起背单词，临时抱佛脚是下下策，循序渐进方能见效。（difference）(汉译英) 【答案】When it comes to memorizing words, cramming at the last minute is the worst strategy, and progressing gradually can make a difference. 【详解】考查短语、时态和固定句型。“说起……”用固定句型when it comes to...，其中to为介词，后接动名词形式；“背单词”翻译为 memorize words；“临时抱佛脚”翻译为 cram at the last minute；“下下策”翻译为the worst strategy；“循序渐进”翻译为progress gradually；“见效”用短语 make a difference；陈述客观事实，用一般现在时。句中缺少主语，所以用动名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故翻译为When it comes to memorizing words, cramming at the last minute is the worst strategy, and progressing gradually can make a difference. IV.Guided Writing (共25分) 55．假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Michael对中国文化和旅游兴趣浓厚。你得知名为“Discover China”的旅行团将于今年暑期组织为期两周的深度游。请你用英语写一封电子邮件，向他介绍以下信息并鼓励报名： 1.基本信息(出发时间、行程城市及特色体验); 2.报名方式及截止日期。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Michael, Knowing your deep curiosity about Chinese culture and travel, I’m thrilled to share news about the “Discover China” tour! ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Michael, Knowing your deep curiosity about Chinese culture and travel, I’m thrilled to share news about the “Discover China” tour! Scheduled to start on July 10th, this two-week in-depth journey covers iconic cities: Beijing, where the Great Wall and Forbidden City await; Xi’an, home to the Terracotta Warriors; and Chengdu, famous for pandas and Sichuan cuisine. Besides historical sites, you’ll immerse in cultural activities like tea ceremonies and folk art workshops. You can sign up on their official website, and complete the form before the deadline of May 31st. I strongly recommend you join — it’ll be a great chance to explore China! Best wishes, Li Hua 【导语】这是一篇应用文。考生的英国笔友Michael对中国文化和旅游兴趣浓厚。你得知名为“Discover China”的旅行团将于今年暑期组织为期两周的深度游。请你用英语写一封电子邮件，向他介绍以下信息并鼓励报名。 【详解】1.词汇积累 出名的：famous→noted 机会：chance→opportunity 包括：cover→include 沉浸： immerse→engage 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Besides historical sites, you’ll immerse in cultural activities like tea ceremonies and folk art workshops. 拓展句：Besides historical sites, you’ll immerse in cultural activities that include tea ceremonies and folk art workshops. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Scheduled to start on July 10th, this two-week in-depth journey covers iconic cities: Beijing, where the Great Wall and Forbidden City await（运用了 where 引导的定语从句） 【高分句型 2】I strongly recommend you join — it’ll be a great chance to explore China!（运用了省略that的宾语从句和虚拟语气） 2 / 20 1 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$