高二英语期末模拟卷（上海专用，上外版选修三、四全册）-学易金卷：2024-2025学年高中下学期期末模拟卷

2024-2025学年高二下学期期末模拟卷 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：选修三、选修四全册（上外版） 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. First published on October 15, 1952, “Charlotte’s Web” is a popular children’s book written by well-known American author E. B．White and 1 （illustrate）by Garth Williams that deals with themes of the nature of friendship, loss, fate, acceptance, and renewal. The story centers on a pig named Wilbur and the unlikely but deep friendship 2 shares with an uncommonly talented spider named Charlotte. While it’s normal in the course of events on a farm for pigs 3 （kill）when they reach a certain size and age, clever Charlotte works out a scheme to keep Wilbur from his fate by weaving words into her web to create what amounts to a one-pig publicity campaign. By promoting Wilbur to celebrity status, Charlotte ultimately saves him 4 his date with the butcher’s knife. The ending of the “Charlotte’s Web” is bittersweet, however, 5 while Wilbur survives, Charlotte does not. But even Charlotte’s passing is a lesson-for Wilbur and those reading his story-about the nature of death and renewal. Death and destiny are both themes that the book explores. While Charlotte is willing to help Wilbur avoid a destiny that’s being imposed on him by outside forces beyond his control, she also understands that some fates are inevitable: All living creatures are born, 6 （have）a life cycle, and die. Charlotte accepts her role in this natural circle without regret. Charlotte helps Wilbur realize that immortality is not about living forever, but rather, 7 （ensure）that new generations will follow. She also helps him understand that love and friendship are not fixed in quantity. While we may lose a friend, new friendships can come along, not as replacements for 8 we’ve lost, but as blessings to build on what we’ve learned. “Charlotte’s Web” got its inspiration from true experiences that author E. B．White had on his farm in Maine, 9 he penned the book and lived until his death in 1985．While the author claims that the book 10 never be considered a moral tale, certain messages related to moral principles, or rights and wrongs, are obviously established in “Charlotte’s Web”. 【答案】 1．illustrated 2．he 3．to be killed 4．from 5．because 6．have 7．ensuring 8．what 9．where 10．can 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了《夏洛特的网》于1952年10月15日首次出版，是一本受欢迎的儿童读物，由美国著名作家E. B.怀特撰写，加思·威廉姆斯配图，主题涉及友谊、失去、命运、接受和重生的本质。 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：《夏洛特的网》于1952年10月15日首次出版，是一本受欢迎的儿童读物，由美国著名作家E. B.怀特撰写，加思·威廉姆斯配图，主题涉及友谊、失去、命运、接受和重生的本质。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰book，book和illustrate为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填illustrated。 2．考查代词。句意：故事围绕着一只名叫威尔伯的猪，以及他与一只名叫夏洛特的非凡天才蜘蛛之间不太可能但却深厚的友谊展开。根据下文“keep Wilbur from his fate”提到his fate可知，此处应为代词he指代上文提到的Wilbur。故填he。 3．考查动词不定式的被动结构。句意：在农场里，当猪长到一定的尺寸和年龄时，被杀死是很正常的，聪明的夏洛特想出了一个计划，通过在她的网里织词来创造一个相当于一只猪的宣传活动，让威尔伯免受他的命运。此处为固定句型it is+adj +for sb to do sth“做某事对于……是怎样的”，所以此处为动词不定式形式，结合pigs和kill为被动关系，所以为动词不定式的被动结构。故填to be killed。 4．考查介词。句意：通过把威尔伯提升到名人的地位，夏洛特最终把他从屠刀的约会中救了出来。此处为固定短语save sb from…“从……解救出来”，所以此处为介词from的填入。故填from。 5．考查连词。句意：然而，《夏洛的网》的结局苦乐参半，因为威尔伯活了下来，夏洛却没有。根据句意可知，此处为because“因为”引导的原因状语从句，强调直接原因，满足句意要求，故填because。 6．考查动词。句意：所有的生物都出生，有生命周期，然后死亡。由and连接的are born和die可知，此处也应为动词原形，保持并列谓语成分。故填have。 7．考查动名词。句意：夏洛帮助威尔伯认识到，永生并不是永远活着，而是确保新一代的到来。由but rather连接的living为动名词可知，此处也应为动名词形式，作介词about的宾语成分。故填ensuring。 8．考查宾语从句。句意：虽然我们可能会失去一个朋友，但新的友谊可能会出现，不是取代我们失去的，而是在我们所学到的基础上的祝福。分析句子可知，此处为连接代词what引导的宾语从句，what在从句中作宾语成分，意为“失去的东西”。故填what。 9．考查定语从句。句意：《夏洛特的网》的灵感来自作者E. B.怀特在缅因州农场的真实经历，他在那里写了这本书，直到1985年去世。分析句子可知，此处为关系副词where引导的非限定性定语从句，先行词farm在从句中作地点状语成分。故填where。 10．考查情态动词。句意：虽然作者声称这本书永远不能被认为是一个道德故事，但与道德原则或对与错有关的某些信息显然在《夏洛特的网》中得到了确立。根据句意可知，此处为情态动词can，和空后的never be构成can never be“不可能做到”，满足句意要求。故填can。 Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．avoid       B．diligent      C． flexible     D．guidance      E. imagination F. independent G. initiative  H. prospects     I. pursue       J. ruin          K. unrealistic Why don’t you get a proper job? Today’s 14-and 15-year-olds are ambitious. They are optimistic about their 11 , but their career ideas are rather vague. A job for life is not in their vocabulary; neither is a dead-end but secure job that is boring but pays the bills. Almost half the boys surveyed expected that their hobbies would lead them into the right sort of job, while most girls seemed determined to 12 traditionally female careers such as nursing. In the past, this might have counted as bad news. But the world has changed. The global economy is not kind to yesterday’s 13 and dependable worker. The future belongs to quick-thinking people who are resourceful, ambitious and can take the 14 . This means that a 14-year-old who sees her working future as a kind of adventure, to be made up as she goes along, is not necessarily being 15 . However, she has to have the training and 16 to help her develop the right skills for today’s market; not the rigid (死板的) preparation for a workplace that disappeared 20 years ago. So what is to be done? Agood first step would be to change the way in which schools prepare young people for adult life. The education system is becoming less 17 and more obsessed (无法摆脱) with traditional skills at just the time that the employment market is going in the opposite direction. Accurate, up-to-date information on new jobs and qualifications can help guidance counsellors to help their students. Young people need solid information on the sort of training they need to 18 the career of their dreams. Also, a little bit of encouragement can go a long way. What, then, can we as parents do to help them? The best thing is to forget all the advice that our parents gave us, and step into our teenager’s shoes. Once we’ve done that, it’s easier to see how important it is that they learn how to be 19 and resourceful. Give them the courage to follow their dreams—however odd they might sound right now. In a world that offers economic security to almost no one, 20 is a terrible thing to waste. 【答案】 11．H 12．A 13．B 14．G 15．K 16．D 17．C 18．I 19．F 20．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何帮助青少年在当今快速变化的就业市场中找到自己的定位，发展适合市场的技能，并鼓励他们勇敢地追求自己的梦想。 11．考查名词。句意：他们对自己的前景很乐观，但他们的职业理想却相当模糊。由上文“Today’s 14-and 15-year-olds are ambitious”可知，句子表示“他们对自己的前景很乐观”，空格处意为“前景”，是prospect，要用复数，故选H。 12．考查不定式。句意：近一半的受访男孩希望他们的爱好能让他们找到合适的工作，而大多数女孩似乎决心避免从事护士等传统的女性职业。由上文“Almost half the boys surveyed expected that their hobbies would lead them into the right sort of job, while most girls seemed determined to”可知，句子表示“近一半的受访男孩希望他们的爱好能让他们找到合适的工作，而大多数女孩似乎决心避免从事护士等传统的女性职业”，空格处意为“避免”，是avoid，be determined to do是固定短语，意为“下定决心做某事”，因此空格处用动词原形，故选A。 13．考查形容词。句意：全球经济对昔日勤奋可靠的工人并不友好。由下文“The future belongs to quick-thinking people who are resourceful, ambitious”可知，句子表示“全球经济对昔日勤奋可靠的工人并不友好”，空格处意为“勤奋的”，是diligent，故选B。 14．考查名词。句意：未来属于思维敏捷、足智多谋、雄心勃勃、能采取主动的人。由上文“resourceful, ambitious”可知，句子表示“未来属于思维敏捷，能采取主动的人”，空格处意为“主动性，积极性”，用名词作宾语，是initiative，take the initiative是固定短语，意为“采取主动”，故选G。 15．考查形容词。句意：这意味着，一个14岁的女孩把自己的工作未来视为一种冒险，可以随着她的发展而改变，这并不一定是不现实的。由上文“The future belongs to quick-thinking people who are resourceful, ambitious and can take the __4__”可知，句子表示“一个14岁的女孩把自己的工作未来视为一种冒险，可以随着她的发展而改变，这并不一定是不现实的”，空格处意为“不现实的”，是unrealistic，故选K。 16．考查名词。句意：然而，她必须接受培训和指导，以帮助她发展适合当今市场的技能;而不是20年前消失的那种死板的职场准备。由上文“she has to have the training and”和下文“to help her develop the right skills for today’s market”可知，句子表示“她必须接受培训和指导”，空格处意为“指导”，是guidance，是不可数名词，故选D。 17．考查形容词。句意：教育体系正变得越来越不灵活，越来越注重传统技能，而与此同时，就业市场正朝着相反的方向发展。由下文“more obsessed (无法摆脱) with traditional skills”可知，句子表示“教育体系正变得越来越不灵活”，空格处意为“灵活的”，是flexible，故选C。 18．考查不定式。句意：年轻人需要关于他们追求梦想的职业所需的培训的可靠信息。由下文“the career of their dreams”可知，句子表示“年轻人需要关于他们追求梦想的职业所需的培训的可靠信息”，空格处意为“追求”，是pursue，空格处用不定式表目的，故选I。 19．考查形容词。句意：一旦我们做到了这一点，就更容易看出他们学会如何独立和足智多谋是多么重要。由上文“The best thing is to forget all the advice that our parents gave us, and step into our teenager’s shoes”可知，句子表示“他们学会如何独立”，空格处意为“独立的”，是independent，故选F。 20．考查名词。句意：在一个几乎不向任何人提供经济保障的世界里，浪费想象力是一件可怕的事情。由上文“Give them the courage to follow their dreams—however odd they might sound right now”可知，句子表示“浪费想象力是一件可怕的事情”，空格处意为“想象力”，是imagination，是不可数名词，故选E。 II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Social media can be a convenient way to extend your network, staying in touch with your grandma or sharing photos of your new puppy. 21 , social media can be terrible for your health. It’s our 22 of it that’s out of control. British evolutionary psychologist Robin Dunbar developed the idea that 150 people is the maximum number of meaningful connections anyone can have. You may have 800 friends on Wechat, but you’re not 23 them in person. Your QQ connections may be vast, but how many of them do you have 24 interactions with? If you’re using social media to feel more connected, a recent study published in the American Journal of Health Promotion suggests that it’s not 25 , and it also brought about unfavorable connections and even depression. Positive interactions on social media don’t help people feel 26 . Negative interactions, on the other hand, bring more feelings of sadness. The same goes for 27 , which social media encourages. Another study, published by the American Psychological Association, shows that comparing yourself to others through social media also produces 28 effects, leading to symptoms of depression. Reaching for your cell phone as a mental break is also a (n) 29 idea. Research by Rutgers University compared participants in the process of completing a task who took a break with their cell phones, with paper and pencils, and who took no break at all. Those who used their cell phones during their break solved 22% fewer problems and took 19% longer to complete their tasks than those under the other two 30 . So how should you 31 your social media usage? First, know your time and 32 of use. Use the tracking function on your device to find out how much you’re using it and what you’re using it for. After this, get away from your device unless you have to use it. Tough as it might be, turn off and tune into the world around you. Then, be in charge of your 33 , rather than let it be in charge of you. Your phone’s rings or vibrations (震动) don’t mean you must respond to them. Remind yourself that you’re in charge, not your device or the people on the other end of it who’ve just contacted you. Finally, consider using your device as a (n) 34 builder. Use your apps to find your friends and make your dinner reservation so you can catch up face-to-face in your favorite restaurant, where you’ll keep your phone out of sight. When you’re in control of your 35 , social media becomes a tool to enrich your life but not a distraction that makes you feel miserable. 21．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Nevertheless D．Likewise 22．A．use B．reform C．ignorance D．range 23．A．commenting on B．cooperating with C．competing with D．connecting with 24．A．virtual B．meaningful C．constant D．complex 25．A．automatic B．productive C．working D．appealing 26．A．more confident B．more satisfied C．calmer D．happier 27．A．comparison B．sharing C．connection D．variety 28．A．instructive B．restrictive C．negative D．active 29．A．widespread B．bad C．creative D．undervalued 30．A．conditions B．assumptions C．influences D．developments 31．A．reduce B．analyze C．manage D．track 32．A．strategies B．boundaries C．efficiency D．purposes 33．A．device B．schedule C．decision D．emotion 34．A．knowledge B．character C．relationship D．confidence 35．A．digital consumption B．personal interaction C．daily routine D．working habit 【答案】 21．C 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了社交媒体导致的消极影响以及对如何管理设备提出了一些建议。 21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，社交媒体可能对你的健康有害。A. Moreover此外；B. Therefore因此；C. Nevertheless然而；D. Likewise同样地。根据上文“Social media can be a convenient way to extend your network, staying in touch with your grandma or sharing photos of your new puppy.(社交媒体可以是一个方便的方式来扩展你的网络，与你的奶奶保持联系或分享你的新小狗的照片)”以及后文“social media can be terrible for your health.(社交媒体可能对你的健康有害)”可知，结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用nevertheless，故选C。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：是我们对它的使用失控了。A. use使用；B. reform改革；C. ignorance无知；D. range范围。根据上文“Social media can be a convenient way to extend your network, staying in touch with your grandma or sharing photos of your new puppy.(社交媒体可以是一个方便的方式来扩展你的网络，与你的奶奶保持联系或分享你的新小狗的照片)”以及后文“of it that’s out of control”此处指使用社交媒体失控。故选A。 23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：你可能在微信上有800个朋友，但你并没有亲自和他们联系。A. commenting on评论；B. cooperating with合作；C. competing with与……竞争；D. connecting with连接，联系。根据后文“interactions with”指亲自和微信上的朋友联系。故选D。 24．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你的QQ好友可能很多，但其中有多少是你真正有意义的互动呢？A. virtual虚拟的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. constant持续不断的；D. complex复杂的。根据上文“Your QQ connections may be vast, but how many of them do you have”此处想强调，虽然好友很多，但是有意义的互动不多，故选B。 25．考查形容词和动词词义辨析。句意：如果你使用社交媒体是为了让自己联系更广，最近发表在《美国健康促进杂志》上的一项研究表明，这样做并不奏效，而且还会带来不利的联系，甚至抑郁。A. automatic自动的；B. productive多产的；C. working有工作的，奏效；D. appealing吸引人的。根据后文“and it also brought about unfavorable connections and even depression”可知，使用社交媒体让自己联系更广并不奏效。故选C。 26．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：社交媒体上的积极互动并不能帮助人们感到更快乐。A. more confident更加自信的；B. more satisfied更满意的；C. calmer更平静的；D. happier更快乐的。根据后文“Negative interactions, on the other hand, bring more feelings of sadness.(另一方面，消极的互动会带来更多的悲伤感)”可知，社交媒体上的积极互动并不能帮助人们感到更快乐，happier与后文sadness相呼应。故选D。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：社交媒体所鼓励的攀比也是如此。A. comparison比较，攀比；B. sharing分享；C. connection连接，联系；D. variety多样性。根据后文“comparing yourself to others”指社交媒体上存在攀比情况。故选A。 28．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：美国心理协会发表的另一项研究表明，通过社交媒体与他人比较也会产生负面影响，导致抑郁症状。A. instructive有启发性的；B. restrictive限制的；C. negative消极的；D. active活跃的。根据后文“leading to symptoms of depression”可知，通过社交媒体与他人比较也会产生负面影响，导致抑郁症状。故选C。 29．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拿起手机作为精神休息也是一个坏主意。A. widespread普遍的；B. bad坏的；C. creative创造性的；D. undervalued贬值的。根据后文“Those who used their cell phones during their break solved 22% fewer problems and took 19% longer to complete their tasks than those under the other two conditions.(在休息期间使用手机的人比在其他两种情况下使用手机的人解决的问题少22%，完成任务的时间长19%)”可知，休息期间使用手机的人解决问题更少，完成任务时间更长，说明拿起手机作为精神休息也是一个坏主意。故选B。 30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在休息期间使用手机的人比在其他两种情况下使用手机的人解决的问题少22%，完成任务的时间长19%。A. conditions条件；B. assumptions假设；C. influences影响；D. developments发展。根据上文“Research by Rutgers University compared participants in the process of completing a task who took a break with their cell phones, with paper and pencils, and who took no break at all.(罗格斯大学的一项研究将完成任务的参与者进行了比较，其中一组在完成任务的过程中休息一下，拿着手机、纸和铅笔，另一组根本不休息)”可知，此处指其他两种实验情况，故选A。 31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：那么你应该如何管理你的社交媒体使用呢？A. reduce减少；B. analyze分析；C. manage管理；D. track跟踪。根据后文First、Then、Finally三点主要是对管理社交媒体的使用提出的建议，故选C。 32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，了解你的时间和使用目的。A. strategies策略；B. boundaries边界；C. efficiency效率；D. purposes目的。根据后文“Use the tracking function on your device to find out how much you’re using it and what you’re using it for. After this, get away from your device unless you have to use it. Tough as it might be, turn off and tune into the world around you.(使用设备上的跟踪功能，找出你使用了多少，以及你使用它的目的。在此之后，远离你的设备，除非你必须使用它。这可能很难，关掉并融入你周围的世界)”可知，首先，了解你的时间和使用目的。故选D。 33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后，控制你的设备，而不是让它控制你。A. device设备；B. schedule日程表；C. decision决定；D. emotion情感。根据后文“Your phone’s rings or vibrations don’t mean you must respond to them. Remind yourself that you’re in charge, not your device or the people on the other end of it who’ve just contacted you.(你的手机铃声或震动并不意味着你必须回应它们。提醒自己是你在掌控一切，而不是你的设备或刚刚与你联系的另一端的人)”此处建议控制自己的设备。故选A。 34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，考虑使用你的设备作为一个关系构建器。A. knowledge知识；B. character性格；C. relationship关系；D. confidence自信。根据后文“Use your apps to find your friends and make your dinner reservation so you can catch up face-to-face in your favorite restaurant, where you’ll keep your phone out of sight.(用你的应用程序找到你的朋友，预订晚餐，这样你们就可以在你们最喜欢的餐厅面对面聊天，在那里你可以把你的手机放在视线之外)”可知，建议把设备作为一个关系构建器。故选C。 35．考查名词短语辨析。句意：当你能控制自己的数字消耗时，社交媒体就会成为丰富你生活的工具，而不是让你感到痛苦的分心。A. digital consumption数字消耗；B. personal interaction个人互动；C. daily routine日常生活；D. working habit工作习惯。上文提出了三点管理电子设备的建议，目的是控制在数字媒体上消耗的时间和精力。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Just the Ticket Shetara Sims had weathered some tough years. In 2012, her eldest daughter was murdered during an argument in Kansas City, Missouri. Last year, the single mother lost her job in the recession (经济衰退). She had only $7 in her pocket as she headed into the grocery store one day last July with her 12-year-old daughter, Rakiya Edmondson. And then Lady Luck finally cut Sims some slack. She and her daughter found a dollar bill in the parking lot. Maybe this was their day, they told each other. So they bought a lottery ticket (彩票) --and won $100. But before they could spend their unexpected gain, Rakiya had an idea. The news in Kansas City that week had been filled with stories about a police officer, Tyler Moss, who had been shot in the head in the line of duty. He was in critical condition. Rakiya and her mother had never forgotten how kind the police had been after their own family member was killed. “The detectives were really there for us,” Sims says. “They came to see my kids. They were fathers, therapists. They were everything.” Rakiya wanted to give their lottery winning to Officer Moss’s family. Her mom readily agreed. On July 10, Sims called the police and made an anonymous (匿名的) donation. Moved by her generous expression of thanks, the officers did what they do best --they tracked Sims down. When she explained the family’s motivation, the officers could hardly believe it. “With her current financial hardship, we encouraged her to keep the money,” the department later explained. “She refused, saying the officer’s family needed it and police needed to know they were supported.” By then, that feeling of support was mutual. The police set up a GoFundMe page for Sims, whom they called “The Woman with the Heart of Gold.” Their goal was $10,000. As of January 11, they had raised $165,405. Even better: Officer Moss, who had a 1 percent chance of survival, is out of the hospital and recovering. 36．Which of the following is NOT one of the hardships Shetara Sims went through? A．Having to bring up children all by herself. B．Losing a lot of money buying lottery tickets. C．Losing her job during the economic decline. D．Her eldest daughter being killed in an argument. 37．The underlined phrase “cut Sims some slack” is closest in meaning to _________. A．gave Sims a break B．criticized Sims sharply C．ignored Sims completely D．conducted a test on Sims 38．Why was Sims called “The Woman with the Heart of Gold”? A．She supported Moss’s family with the money raised on GoFundMe. B．She wrote an anonymous letter to express her gratitude to Officer Moss. C．She donated all the lottery winning despite her own financial hardships. D．She forgave the murderer and encouraged Rakiya to embrace a new life. 39．Which of the following statement is TRUE? A．The police tracked Sims down secretly and returned the money to her. B．The police launched a fundraising campaign for Sims among policeman. C．Officer Moss got injured when arresting the man who killed Sims' daughter. D．Officer Moss’s survival was truly a miracle, given his slim chances. 【答案】36．B 37．A 38．C 39．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一位单亲妈妈Shetara Sims和女儿Rakiya在经济困难中，用意外获得的100美元彩票奖金匿名捐给受伤警官Tyler Moss家庭的故事。 36．细节理解题。根据第一段“Shetara Sims had weathered some tough years. In 2012, her eldest daughter was murdered during an argument in Kansas City, Missouri. Last year, the single mother lost her job in the recession (经济衰退).(Shetara Sims经历了一些艰难的岁月。2012年，她的大女儿在密苏里州堪萨斯城的一次争吵中被谋杀。去年，这位单亲妈妈在经济衰退中失去了工作)”以及第二段“So they bought a lottery ticket (彩票) --and won $100.(于是她们买了一张彩票，中了100美元)”可知，Shetara Sims是一位单亲妈妈，不得不独自抚养孩子、在经济衰退期间失去了工作、她的大女儿在一次争吵中丧生，文章没有提及Shetara Sims买彩票亏了很多钱。故选B项。 37．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Shetara Sims had weathered some tough years. In 2012, her eldest daughter was murdered during an argument in Kansas City, Missouri. Last year, the single mother lost her job in the recession (经济衰退). She had only $7 in her pocket as she headed into the grocery store one day last July with her 12-year-old daughter, Rakiya Edmondson.(Shetara Sims经历了一些艰难的岁月。2012年，她的大女儿在密苏里州堪萨斯城的一次争吵中被谋杀。去年，这位单亲妈妈在经济衰退中失去了工作。去年7月的一天，当她和12岁的女儿Rakiya Edmondson走进杂货店时，口袋里只有7美元)”以及第二段“She and her daughter found a dollar bill in the parking lot. Maybe this was their day, they told each other. So they bought a lottery ticket --and won $100.(她和女儿在停车场发现了一张一美元的钞票。也许这是她们的一天，她们告诉对方。于是她们买了一张彩票，中了100美元)”可知，在面临许多困难时，这对母女捡到一美元，买彩票之后中了100美元，可推知幸运女神给了Shetara Sims一个喘息的机会，划线句子表示“让Shetara Sims休息一下”。故选A项。 38．推理判断题。根据第三段““With her current financial hardship, we encouraged her to keep the money,” the department later explained. “She refused, saying the officer’s family needed it and police needed to know they were supported.”(“鉴于她目前的经济困难，我们鼓励她保留这笔钱，”该部门后来解释道。“她拒绝了，说警察的家人需要，警察需要知道他们得到了支持。”)”以及第四段“By then, that feeling of support was mutual. The police set up a GoFundMe page for Sims, whom they called “The Woman with the Heart of Gold.”(到那时，这种支持感是相互的。警方为Sims建立了一个GoFundMe页面，他们称她为“有黄金之心的女人”)”可知，Sims被称为“有黄金之心的女人”，这是因为Sims在自己经济困难的时候，仍然捐赠了彩票中奖的钱。故选C项。 39．细节理解题。根据第四段“Even better: Officer Moss, who had a 1 percent chance of survival, is out of the hospital and recovering.(更好的是：有1%的生还几率的Moss警官现在已经出院，正在康复中)”可知，Moss警官的生还几率渺茫，能够生还真是一个奇迹。故选D项。 (B) Fact or Myth? WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH ① Sleepwalking typically occurs during the non-rapid eye movement stage of sleep. Several factors can lead to walking while sleeping, including alcohol use, stress and even brain injury. However, there is a genetic explanation for sleepwalking. Studies have shown that children with one or both sleepwalking parents are 40 to 60 per cent more likely to sleepwalk themselves. As for the consequences of waking a sleepwalker, there is no evidence that it will hurt or harm him, but will likely cause disorientation and confusion. 61 LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE ② Snoring, namely breathing noisily, is caused by airflow being restricted through the body’s airways during sleep. When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动)with every breath and can create a snoring sound. When you sleep on your side this tissue doesn’t move downwards, opening up the airways and reducing the volume of snoring. YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN ③ This common theory in question dates back to the early 1900s, when the philosopher and founder of American psychology William James suggested that we only use a small portion of our potential. In a 1907 paper titled The Energies of Men, James wrote: “We are making use of only a small part of our possible mental and physical resources.” It’s sustained by a book How to Win Friends and Influence People, where American writer Lowell Thomas wrote that “professor William James of Harvard used to say that the average person develops only ten per cent of his potential mental ability”. 40．Which section of a magazine does this passage probably belong to? A．Educational features. B．Medical science. C．Psychology forum. D．Classified ads. 41．Which of the following pictures best illustrates SNORING SCIENCE? A． B． C． D． 42．Which of the following best fits into the numbered blanks ①—②—③? A．MYTH—FACT—FACT B．FACT—MYTH—FACT C．MYTH—FACT—MYTH D．FACT—MYTH—MYTH 【答案】40．B 41．D 42．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍三个关于身体的传言并鉴定其真假。 40．推理判断题。由文章第一个方框中“WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH(叫醒梦游症对他们的健康有害)”；第二方框中“LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE(仰卧会使你打鼾更多)”和第三个方框中“YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN(你只用了你大脑的10%)”可知，这些都是关于身体方面的一些知识，所以可能出现在报纸“医学”版块。故选B项。 41．细节理解题。由文章LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE中“When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动)with every breath and can create a snoring sound. (当你仰卧时，重力会将气道周围的组织向下拉，使其变窄。当空气通过鼻子时，它会导致组织随着每次呼吸而振动，并产生打鼾的声音。)”并结合选项可知，D选项图片最好的描述了打鼾的原理。故选D项。 42．推理判断题。由第一方框“As for the consequences of waking a sleepwalker, there is no evidence that it will hurt or harm him, but will likely cause disorientation and confusion.(至于叫醒梦游者的后果，没有证据表明这会伤害或伤害他，但可能会导致定向障碍和混乱。)”可知，第一个传言“WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH(叫醒梦游者对他们的健康有害)”是不真实的事（MYTH）；由第二个方框“When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动)with every breath and can create a snoring sound. (当你仰卧时，重力会将气道周围的组织向下拉，使其变窄。当空气通过鼻子时，它会导致组织随着每次呼吸而振动，并产生打鼾的声音。)”可知，第二个传言“LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE(仰卧会使你更容易打鼾)”是事实（FACT）；第三个方框中“However, the truth is that your brain is firing on all cylinders(气缸)and not limited to just ten percent of its power.(然而，事实是，你的大脑正在全速运转，而不仅仅局限于10%的能量。)”可知，第三个传言“YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN(你只使用了大脑的十分之一)”是不真实的事（MYTH）。故选C项。 (C) Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking(懈怠的), you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(愤慨), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 43．In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ___________. A．making a conclusion B．justifying an assumption C．explaining a phenomenon D．making a comparison 44．The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last line, Paragraph 1) implies that __________. A．monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals B．feeling angry about unfairness is also monkeys’ nature C．monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other D．no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions 45．Dr. Brosnan and Dr. De Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys _________. A．prefer grapes to cucumbers B．can be taught to exchange things C．will not be co-operation if feeling cheated D．are unhappy when separated from others 46．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions. B．Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source. C．Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do. D．Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild. 【答案】43．D 44．B 45．C 46．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由佐治亚州亚特兰大埃里莫大学的Sarah Brosnan和Frans de Waal对雌性卷尾猴进行的一项研究，它们像人类女性一样，更倾向于关注“商品和服务”的价值。 43．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Such behaviour is regarded as ‘all too human,’ with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.(这种行为被认为是‘太人类化’，其言下之意就是动物是不可能产生这种微妙的不满。但是美国佐治亚州亚特兰大市Emory大学Sarah Brosnan和Frans de Waal最近在《自然》上发表了一项研究，这项研究认为猴子也有类似的‘太猴子化’的行为)”可知，第一段提到人会因为不公平而愤怒，推导动物会不会呢？有人认为不会，但是科学研究表明猴子同样会，下文就猴子也会因不公平而愤怒展开，所以本段是通过作比较引入主题。故选D项。 44．句意理解题。根据第一段中“Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking(懈怠的), you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as ‘all too human,’(事实上，如果他还有偷懒的名声，那么你甚至有可能会勃然大怒。这种行为被认为是‘太人类化’)”及第一段末尾的“as well(也)”可知，人会因不公平而感到愤怒，“it is all too monkey(太猴子化)”意思是猴子和人一样，痛恨不公平也是猴子的本性，故选B项。 45．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated.(这种合作只有在每一只猴子都感觉它没有被欺骗的情况下才可能保持稳定)”可知，该研究发现，如果猴子感觉被欺骗，就不会合作。故选C项。 46．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.(然而，到底这样的公平意识是人类和卷尾猴各自形成的，还是因为二者在3500万年前有一个共同的祖先造成的，目前还没有答案)”可知，人类的义愤起源不确定，故选B项。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. How some friendships last — and others don’t In a 2008 study, psychologists asked participants to rate the steepness (陡度) of a hill. Those who were accompanied by a friend judged the hill to be less steep than people who were alone. This is just one of many ways friendships can change how we see and move through the world. Friendships can boost our academic performance, help us deal with setbacks, and even improve our health. 47 If you struggle with approaching new people, you are far from alone. In a series of studies, participants had conversations of varying lengths with strangers. Afterward, they were asked to estimate how much they thought each stranger liked them. Across the board, participants rated their own likability much lower than others had actually rated them. 48 You may even want to enter these conversations assuming that the other person will like you. Psychologists find that when people expect to be well-liked, they often unknowingly come across as warmer and friendlier. Next, what’s happening when relationships grow? Psychologists have identified two key features: companionship and closeness. Companionship is defined as the understanding that increases between people with similar hobbies, interests, or values. Sometimes, just being in the same class or team is enough to build this connection. Closeness, on the other hand, looks different for every relationship. 49 But simply telling a friend about your day or sharing your interests can help build closeness too. While every friendship develops on its own timeline, consistency can help. This can include sticking to plans, chatting regularly, and remembering the things that are important to each other. Yet even the closest friendships face challenges. This is especially true for teenage friendships. Relationships may also weaken when one friend can’t support the other through hard times. The most surefire way to deal with these problems is to talk about them. These conversations can be tough and awkward. 50 A．But if they’re approached in the right way, they can strengthen friendships in the long run. B．So, before meeting new people, remember that others like you more than you think. C．It might mean supporting each other through difficult times or feeling comfortable sharing your thoughts and feelings. D．And the more friends you make, the more confident you’ll likely feel. E．For example, there might be a situation that puts two friends in competition. F．It’s clear that friendships are important, but making and maintaining friends isn’t always easy. 【答案】47．F 48．B 49．C 50．A 【导语】本文是说明文。主要探讨了友谊的持久性及其影响因素。 47．根据上文“Friendships can boost our academic performance, help us deal with setbacks, and even improve our health.(友谊可以提高我们的学习成绩，帮助我们应对挫折，甚至改善我们的健康)”讲述友谊的好处，以及后文“If you struggle with approaching new people, you are far from alone.(如果你在接近新朋友时遇到困难，那么你并不是一个人)”可知，本段主要讲述结交朋友是困难的，所以F项“It’s clear that friendships are important, but making and maintaining friends isn’t always easy.(很明显，友谊很重要，但结交和维持朋友并不总是那么容易)”承接上文，并引出下文，符合文意。故选F项。 48．根据上文“In a series of studies, participants had conversations of varying lengths with strangers. Afterward, they were asked to estimate how much they thought each stranger liked them. Across the board, participants rated their own likability much lower than others had actually rated them.(在一系列研究中，参与者与陌生人进行了不同长度的对话。之后，他们被要求估计他们认为每个陌生人有多喜欢他们。总的来说，参与者对自己可爱程度的评价远低于其他人对他们的实际评价)”可知，此处讲述他人对自己的看法比想象中要好，所以B项“So, before meeting new people, remember that others like you more than you think.(所以，在认识新朋友之前，记住别人比你想象的更喜欢你)”和前文构成因果关系，符合文意。故选B项。 49．根据前文“Closeness, on the other hand, looks different for every relationship.(另一方面，亲密感在每段关系中都是不同的)”可知，接下来应是说明有什么不同，所以C项“It might mean supporting each other through difficult times or feeling comfortable sharing your thoughts and feelings.(这可能意味着在困难时期相互支持，或者自在地分享你的想法和感受)”符合文意，是对前句的详细说明，并引出下文“But simply telling a friend about your day or sharing your interests can help build closeness too.(但简单地告诉朋友你的一天或分享你的兴趣也可以帮助建立亲密关系。)”说明这样做的作用。故选C项。 50．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“While every friendship develops on its own timeline, consistency can help. This can include sticking to plans, chatting regularly, and remembering the things that are important to each other. Yet even the closest friendships face challenges. This is especially true for teenage friendships. Relationships may also weaken when one friend can’t support the other through hard times. The most surefire way to deal with these problems is to talk about them. These conversations can be tough and awkward.(虽然每段友谊的发展都有自己的时间表，但保持一致会有所帮助。这可以包括坚持计划，定期聊天，记住对彼此重要的事情。然而，即使是最亲密的友谊也会面临挑战。青少年的友谊尤其如此。当一个朋友在困难时期不能支持另一个朋友时，关系也会减弱。处理这些问题最可靠的方法就是谈论它们。这些对话可能会很艰难和尴尬)”可知，前文讲述如何维持友谊，并提到这些交流可能很难，所以A项“But if they’re approached in the right way, they can strengthen friendships in the long run.(但如果以正确的方式接近他们，从长远来看，他们可以加强友谊)”和前文构成转折关系，是对前文方法的总结，符合文意。故选A项。 III.Summary Writing(共10分) 51．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Why Do You Find It So Hard to Not Multitask? Most of us do multitasking almost daily. But it’s time to change that. Let’s take the smartphone for example. On average you check your phone 110 times a day—that means you’re spending 23 days every year glued to your smartphone! How productive do you think that makes you? Habits encouraging you to multitask make you unproductive. But it’s hard to let go of these habits because you’ve conditioned your brain to send misleading signals to your body. Research has shown that when you multitask “successfully”, you activate the reward mechanism in your brain that releases dopamine, the happy hormone. You feel so good that you believe you’re being effective and this further encourages your multitasking habit. This rush can also make you overly optimistic, less careful about the work you do and more likely to make mistakes, Multitaskers basically get addicted to this rush which leads them to believe they are being effective when in fact they’re not. Since our brains can only effectively focus on one thing at a time, monotasking is the way for you to accomplish more in less time. Research has suggested you’re 50% quicker on average to accomplish a task if you monotask, and you’re also 50% less likely to make errors. So it’s a win-win for everyone! You’ll also be able to appreciate things on a deeper level and get more enjoyment from them when you’re focused. Now you’re probably desperate to find out how to get rid of this multitasking habit so you can find real productivity. There is no easy answer. You simply have to commit to it and have the self discipline to stick to one task at a time. Just say to yourself: When I walk, I walk. When I talk to someone, I talk to someone. Focus on the one thing you are doing. And like that, you’ve mastered monotasking ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Multitasking reduces productivity and leads to mistakes due to the brain's addiction to dopamine-driven multitasking rushes. Monotasking, focusing on one task at a time, increases efficiency and accuracy while enhancing enjoyment. Breaking multitasking habits requires self-discipline and commitment to single-task focus. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨人们难以停止多任务处理的原因，指出多任务处理会降低效率、导致错误，阐述单任务处理的优势，并强调需要自律来改变多任务处理的习惯。 【详解】1.要点摘录： ① Habits encouraging you to multitask make you unproductive. ② Research has shown that when you multitask “successfully”, you activate the reward mechanism in your brain that releases dopamine, the happy hormone. You feel so good that you believe you’re being effective and this further encourages your multitasking habit. This rush can also make you overly optimistic, less careful about the work you do and more likely to make mistakes, Multitaskers basically get addicted to this rush which leads them to believe they are being effective when in fact they’re not.. ③ Research has suggested you’re 50% quicker on average to accomplish a task if you monotask, and you’re also 50% less likely to make errors. So it’s a win-win for everyone! You’ll also be able to appreciate things on a deeper level and get more enjoyment from them when you’re focused. ④ You simply have to commit to it and have the self discipline to stick to one task at a time. 2.缜密构思：将要点①②整合为多任务处理效率低下的原因；要点③单独呈现单任务处理的好处；要点④作为改变习惯的方式，从而形成完整且逻辑清晰的概括。 3.遣词造句 Multitasking reduces productivity and leads to mistakes due to the brain's addiction to dopamine-driven multitasking rushes. Monotasking, focusing on one task at a time, increases efficiency and accuracy while enhancing enjoyment. Breaking multitasking habits requires self-discipline and commitment to single-task focus. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Breaking multitasking habits requires self-discipline and commitment to single-task focus.（运用了动名词做主语） 【高分句型 2】Monotasking, focusing on one task at a time, increases efficiency and accuracy while enhancing enjoyment.（运用了while引导的状语从句的省略） IV.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．制造商声称，这款即将发布的电动汽车具有自动驾驶功能，可语音控制，一次充电仅需12分钟，就可以行驶600公里。(claim) (汉译英) 【答案】The manufacturer claims that the EV to be launched features autonomous driving, voice control, and can travel 600 km on a single charge that takes only 12 minutes. 【详解】考查宾语从句、定语从句、非谓语动词、名词、动词和形容词。句子在介绍当前的情况，时态宜用一般现在时，整个句子可处理为主从复合句；主句的主语“制造商”可用名词the manufacturer，谓语“声称”可用动词claim，后面为claim的具体内容，可用that引导宾语从句；宾语从句中主语“这款电动汽车”可用名词the EV，“即将发布的”可用不定式被动语态to be launched，作the EV的后置定语，第一个谓语“具有……功能”可用动词feature，“自动驾驶”可用名词短语autonomous driving，“语音控制”可用名词短语voice control，第二个谓语“可以行驶”可用情态动词can和动词travel搭配，“600公里”可用600 km，“一次充电”可用介词短语on a single charge，“仅需12分钟”是对“充电”的修饰，可用that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a single charge；定语从句中that代替先行词作主语，“仅需12分钟”可用动词take和名词短语only 12 minutes搭配。故可译为The manufacturer claims that the EV to be launched features autonomous driving, voice control, and can travel 600 km on a single charge that takes only 12 minutes. 53．正是因为这个原因，我放弃了我之前的计划。(强调句) 【答案】It was for this reason that I gave up my previous plan. 【解析】略 54．人们常说，萝卜青菜各有所爱，但我身处的两种文化中的食物我都喜欢。(feel at home)(汉译英) 【答案】People say that one man’s meat is another man’s poison, but I feel at home with food from both my cultures. 【详解】考查固定搭配和时态。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；表示“人们常说”应用people say that...，that引导宾语从句；表示“萝卜青菜各有所爱”应用one man’s meat is another man’s poison；表示“但是”应用I；表示“我所处的两种文化中的食物我都喜欢”应用I feel at home with food from both my cultures。故翻译成：People say that one man’s meat is another man’s poison, but I feel at home with food from both my cultures. 55．这款由高中生设计的应用程序巧妙融合了视觉识别与数据处理技术，彰显了年轻一代的创新思维。 (which) (汉译英) 【答案】The App designed by senior high school students skillfully integrates visual object recognition with data processing technology, which shows/demonstrates the innovative thinking of the younger generations. 【详解】考查非谓语动词、动词短语和定语从句。主语“应用程序”用The App；“由高中生设计的”作后置定语，其中“设计”与逻辑主语“应用程序”之间是被动关系，用过去分词短语designed by senior high school students修饰App，表被动；谓语“融合……与……”用动词短语integrate…with…，描述客观事实用一般现在时态；“巧妙”修饰谓语动词，用副词skillfully作状语；宾语“视觉识别”用名词词组visual object recognition；并列宾语“数据处理技术”用名词词组data processing technology；“彰显了年轻一代的创新思维”可理解为对前面整个句子进行补充说明，修饰前面整个句子，用关系代词which引导非限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语，从句谓语“彰显”可以用动词show或demonstrate，描述客观事实用一般现在时态，宾语“年轻一代的创新思维”用the innovative thinking of the younger generations。综上，全句译为：The App designed by senior high school students skillfully integrates visual object recognition with data processing technology, which shows/ demonstrates the innovative thinking of the younger generations. V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．假如你是李华，近期学校非遗选修课（如民歌、中医、剪纸）报名率不足30%，为呼吁更多学生参加，校团委拟举办“非遗：传统与未来的对话”英语演讲比赛，请你撰写演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 非遗的重要性； 2. 课程建议； 3. 呼吁参加。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 按如下格式作答，题目已为你写好。 Intangible Heritage：A Dialogue Between Tradition and Future Hello, everyone! I feel honored to be here to ... ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： Intangible Heritage：A Dialogue Between Tradition and Future Hello, everyone! I feel honored to be here to share my opinion about how the intangible heritage connects the past with our future. These treasures — from soul-stirring folk songs to the magic paper-cutting — form our cultural DNA, carrying ancestral wisdom that defines who we are. While our school offers courses like TCM and paper-cutting, fewer than 30% of students have enrolled, risking the fade of these legacies. We suggest more hands-on workshops and expect craftsmen to give us lessons. These courses are fun and educational: imagine crafting art with scissors or decoding herbs by doing experiments. Join us! By participating, you’re not just engaging with heritage but becoming living bridges between tradition and creativity. Sign up now and let tradition thrive in your hands! 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生撰写一篇英语演讲稿，呼吁更多学生参加非遗选修课，内容包括非遗的重要性、课程建议以及呼吁参加。 【详解】1.词汇积累 看法：opinion → view 智慧：wisdom → intelligence 提供：offer → provide 建议：suggest→ propose 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：While our school offers courses like TCM and paper-cutting, fewer than 30% of students have enrolled, risking the fade of these legacies. 拓展句：While our school offers courses like TCM and paper-cutting, fewer than 30% of students have enrolled, which risk the fade of these legacies. 【点睛】【高分句型1】These treasures — from soul-stirring folk songs to the magic paper-cutting — form our cultural DNA, carrying ancestral wisdom that defines who we are.（运用了who引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】While our school offers courses like TCM and paper-cutting, fewer than 30% of students have enrolled, risking the fade of these legacies. （运用了While引导的让步状语从句） 2 / 25 1 / 25 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ ( ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( ………………○………………内………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ) ( 此卷只装订 不密封 ) ( ………………○……………… 内 ………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… ………………○………………外………………○………………装………………○………………订………………○……………… 线 ………………○……………… … 学校： ______________ 姓名： _____________ 班级： _______________ 考号： ______________________ ) 2024-2025学年高二下学期期末模拟卷 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：选修三、选修四全册（上外版） 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. First published on October 15, 1952, “Charlotte’s Web” is a popular children’s book written by well-known American author E. B．White and 1 （illustrate）by Garth Williams that deals with themes of the nature of friendship, loss, fate, acceptance, and renewal. The story centers on a pig named Wilbur and the unlikely but deep friendship 2 shares with an uncommonly talented spider named Charlotte. While it’s normal in the course of events on a farm for pigs 3 （kill）when they reach a certain size and age, clever Charlotte works out a scheme to keep Wilbur from his fate by weaving words into her web to create what amounts to a one-pig publicity campaign. By promoting Wilbur to celebrity status, Charlotte ultimately saves him 4 his date with the butcher’s knife. The ending of the “Charlotte’s Web” is bittersweet, however, 5 while Wilbur survives, Charlotte does not. But even Charlotte’s passing is a lesson-for Wilbur and those reading his story-about the nature of death and renewal. Death and destiny are both themes that the book explores. While Charlotte is willing to help Wilbur avoid a destiny that’s being imposed on him by outside forces beyond his control, she also understands that some fates are inevitable: All living creatures are born, 6 （have）a life cycle, and die. Charlotte accepts her role in this natural circle without regret. Charlotte helps Wilbur realize that immortality is not about living forever, but rather, 7 （ensure）that new generations will follow. She also helps him understand that love and friendship are not fixed in quantity. While we may lose a friend, new friendships can come along, not as replacements for 8 we’ve lost, but as blessings to build on what we’ve learned. “Charlotte’s Web” got its inspiration from true experiences that author E. B．White had on his farm in Maine, 9 he penned the book and lived until his death in 1985．While the author claims that the book 10 never be considered a moral tale, certain messages related to moral principles, or rights and wrongs, are obviously established in “Charlotte’s Web”. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．avoid       B．diligent      C． flexible     D．guidance      E. imagination F. independent G. initiative  H. prospects     I. pursue       J. ruin          K. unrealistic Why don’t you get a proper job? Today’s 14-and 15-year-olds are ambitious. They are optimistic about their 11 , but their career ideas are rather vague. A job for life is not in their vocabulary; neither is a dead-end but secure job that is boring but pays the bills. Almost half the boys surveyed expected that their hobbies would lead them into the right sort of job, while most girls seemed determined to 12 traditionally female careers such as nursing. In the past, this might have counted as bad news. But the world has changed. The global economy is not kind to yesterday’s 13 and dependable worker. The future belongs to quick-thinking people who are resourceful, ambitious and can take the 14 . This means that a 14-year-old who sees her working future as a kind of adventure, to be made up as she goes along, is not necessarily being 15 . However, she has to have the training and 16 to help her develop the right skills for today’s market; not the rigid (死板的) preparation for a workplace that disappeared 20 years ago. So what is to be done? Agood first step would be to change the way in which schools prepare young people for adult life. The education system is becoming less 17 and more obsessed (无法摆脱) with traditional skills at just the time that the employment market is going in the opposite direction. Accurate, up-to-date information on new jobs and qualifications can help guidance counsellors to help their students. Young people need solid information on the sort of training they need to 18 the career of their dreams. Also, a little bit of encouragement can go a long way. What, then, can we as parents do to help them? The best thing is to forget all the advice that our parents gave us, and step into our teenager’s shoes. Once we’ve done that, it’s easier to see how important it is that they learn how to be 19 and resourceful. Give them the courage to follow their dreams—however odd they might sound right now. In a world that offers economic security to almost no one, 20 is a terrible thing to waste. II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Social media can be a convenient way to extend your network, staying in touch with your grandma or sharing photos of your new puppy. 21 , social media can be terrible for your health. It’s our 22 of it that’s out of control. British evolutionary psychologist Robin Dunbar developed the idea that 150 people is the maximum number of meaningful connections anyone can have. You may have 800 friends on Wechat, but you’re not 23 them in person. Your QQ connections may be vast, but how many of them do you have 24 interactions with? If you’re using social media to feel more connected, a recent study published in the American Journal of Health Promotion suggests that it’s not 25 , and it also brought about unfavorable connections and even depression. Positive interactions on social media don’t help people feel 26 . Negative interactions, on the other hand, bring more feelings of sadness. The same goes for 27 , which social media encourages. Another study, published by the American Psychological Association, shows that comparing yourself to others through social media also produces 28 effects, leading to symptoms of depression. Reaching for your cell phone as a mental break is also a (n) 29 idea. Research by Rutgers University compared participants in the process of completing a task who took a break with their cell phones, with paper and pencils, and who took no break at all. Those who used their cell phones during their break solved 22% fewer problems and took 19% longer to complete their tasks than those under the other two 30 . So how should you 31 your social media usage? First, know your time and 32 of use. Use the tracking function on your device to find out how much you’re using it and what you’re using it for. After this, get away from your device unless you have to use it. Tough as it might be, turn off and tune into the world around you. Then, be in charge of your 33 , rather than let it be in charge of you. Your phone’s rings or vibrations (震动) don’t mean you must respond to them. Remind yourself that you’re in charge, not your device or the people on the other end of it who’ve just contacted you. Finally, consider using your device as a (n) 34 builder. Use your apps to find your friends and make your dinner reservation so you can catch up face-to-face in your favorite restaurant, where you’ll keep your phone out of sight. When you’re in control of your 35 , social media becomes a tool to enrich your life but not a distraction that makes you feel miserable. 21．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Nevertheless D．Likewise 22．A．use B．reform C．ignorance D．range 23．A．commenting on B．cooperating with C．competing with D．connecting with 24．A．virtual B．meaningful C．constant D．complex 25．A．automatic B．productive C．working D．appealing 26．A．more confident B．more satisfied C．calmer D．happier 27．A．comparison B．sharing C．connection D．variety 28．A．instructive B．restrictive C．negative D．active 29．A．widespread B．bad C．creative D．undervalued 30．A．conditions B．assumptions C．influences D．developments 31．A．reduce B．analyze C．manage D．track 32．A．strategies B．boundaries C．efficiency D．purposes 33．A．device B．schedule C．decision D．emotion 34．A．knowledge B．character C．relationship D．confidence 35．A．digital consumption B．personal interaction C．daily routine D．working habit Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Just the Ticket Shetara Sims had weathered some tough years. In 2012, her eldest daughter was murdered during an argument in Kansas City, Missouri. Last year, the single mother lost her job in the recession (经济衰退). She had only $7 in her pocket as she headed into the grocery store one day last July with her 12-year-old daughter, Rakiya Edmondson. And then Lady Luck finally cut Sims some slack. She and her daughter found a dollar bill in the parking lot. Maybe this was their day, they told each other. So they bought a lottery ticket (彩票) --and won $100. But before they could spend their unexpected gain, Rakiya had an idea. The news in Kansas City that week had been filled with stories about a police officer, Tyler Moss, who had been shot in the head in the line of duty. He was in critical condition. Rakiya and her mother had never forgotten how kind the police had been after their own family member was killed. “The detectives were really there for us,” Sims says. “They came to see my kids. They were fathers, therapists. They were everything.” Rakiya wanted to give their lottery winning to Officer Moss’s family. Her mom readily agreed. On July 10, Sims called the police and made an anonymous (匿名的) donation. Moved by her generous expression of thanks, the officers did what they do best --they tracked Sims down. When she explained the family’s motivation, the officers could hardly believe it. “With her current financial hardship, we encouraged her to keep the money,” the department later explained. “She refused, saying the officer’s family needed it and police needed to know they were supported.” By then, that feeling of support was mutual. The police set up a GoFundMe page for Sims, whom they called “The Woman with the Heart of Gold.” Their goal was $10,000. As of January 11, they had raised $165,405. Even better: Officer Moss, who had a 1 percent chance of survival, is out of the hospital and recovering. 36．Which of the following is NOT one of the hardships Shetara Sims went through? A．Having to bring up children all by herself. B．Losing a lot of money buying lottery tickets. C．Losing her job during the economic decline. D．Her eldest daughter being killed in an argument. 37．The underlined phrase “cut Sims some slack” is closest in meaning to _________. A．gave Sims a break B．criticized Sims sharply C．ignored Sims completely D．conducted a test on Sims 38．Why was Sims called “The Woman with the Heart of Gold”? A．She supported Moss’s family with the money raised on GoFundMe. B．She wrote an anonymous letter to express her gratitude to Officer Moss. C．She donated all the lottery winning despite her own financial hardships. D．She forgave the murderer and encouraged Rakiya to embrace a new life. 39．Which of the following statement is TRUE? A．The police tracked Sims down secretly and returned the money to her. B．The police launched a fundraising campaign for Sims among policeman. C．Officer Moss got injured when arresting the man who killed Sims' daughter. D．Officer Moss’s survival was truly a miracle, given his slim chances. (B) Fact or Myth? WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH ① Sleepwalking typically occurs during the non-rapid eye movement stage of sleep. Several factors can lead to walking while sleeping, including alcohol use, stress and even brain injury. However, there is a genetic explanation for sleepwalking. Studies have shown that children with one or both sleepwalking parents are 40 to 60 per cent more likely to sleepwalk themselves. As for the consequences of waking a sleepwalker, there is no evidence that it will hurt or harm him, but will likely cause disorientation and confusion. 61 LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE ② Snoring, namely breathing noisily, is caused by airflow being restricted through the body’s airways during sleep. When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动)with every breath and can create a snoring sound. When you sleep on your side this tissue doesn’t move downwards, opening up the airways and reducing the volume of snoring. YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN ③ This common theory in question dates back to the early 1900s, when the philosopher and founder of American psychology William James suggested that we only use a small portion of our potential. In a 1907 paper titled The Energies of Men, James wrote: “We are making use of only a small part of our possible mental and physical resources.” It’s sustained by a book How to Win Friends and Influence People, where American writer Lowell Thomas wrote that “professor William James of Harvard used to say that the average person develops only ten per cent of his potential mental ability”. 40．Which section of a magazine does this passage probably belong to? A．Educational features. B．Medical science. C．Psychology forum. D．Classified ads. 41．Which of the following pictures best illustrates SNORING SCIENCE? A． B． C． D． 42．Which of the following best fits into the numbered blanks ①—②—③? A．MYTH—FACT—FACT B．FACT—MYTH—FACT C．MYTH—FACT—MYTH D．FACT—MYTH—MYTH (C) Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking(懈怠的), you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(愤慨), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 43．In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ___________. A．making a conclusion B．justifying an assumption C．explaining a phenomenon D．making a comparison 44．The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last line, Paragraph 1) implies that __________. A．monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals B．feeling angry about unfairness is also monkeys’ nature C．monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other D．no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions 45．Dr. Brosnan and Dr. De Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys _________. A．prefer grapes to cucumbers B．can be taught to exchange things C．will not be co-operation if feeling cheated D．are unhappy when separated from others 46．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions. B．Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source. C．Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do. D．Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. How some friendships last — and others don’t In a 2008 study, psychologists asked participants to rate the steepness (陡度) of a hill. Those who were accompanied by a friend judged the hill to be less steep than people who were alone. This is just one of many ways friendships can change how we see and move through the world. Friendships can boost our academic performance, help us deal with setbacks, and even improve our health. 47 If you struggle with approaching new people, you are far from alone. In a series of studies, participants had conversations of varying lengths with strangers. Afterward, they were asked to estimate how much they thought each stranger liked them. Across the board, participants rated their own likability much lower than others had actually rated them. 48 You may even want to enter these conversations assuming that the other person will like you. Psychologists find that when people expect to be well-liked, they often unknowingly come across as warmer and friendlier. Next, what’s happening when relationships grow? Psychologists have identified two key features: companionship and closeness. Companionship is defined as the understanding that increases between people with similar hobbies, interests, or values. Sometimes, just being in the same class or team is enough to build this connection. Closeness, on the other hand, looks different for every relationship. 49 But simply telling a friend about your day or sharing your interests can help build closeness too. While every friendship develops on its own timeline, consistency can help. This can include sticking to plans, chatting regularly, and remembering the things that are important to each other. Yet even the closest friendships face challenges. This is especially true for teenage friendships. Relationships may also weaken when one friend can’t support the other through hard times. The most surefire way to deal with these problems is to talk about them. These conversations can be tough and awkward. 50 A．But if they’re approached in the right way, they can strengthen friendships in the long run. B．So, before meeting new people, remember that others like you more than you think. C．It might mean supporting each other through difficult times or feeling comfortable sharing your thoughts and feelings. D．And the more friends you make, the more confident you’ll likely feel. E．For example, there might be a situation that puts two friends in competition. F．It’s clear that friendships are important, but making and maintaining friends isn’t always easy. III.Summary Writing(共10分) 51．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Why Do You Find It So Hard to Not Multitask? Most of us do multitasking almost daily. But it’s time to change that. Let’s take the smartphone for example. On average you check your phone 110 times a day—that means you’re spending 23 days every year glued to your smartphone! How productive do you think that makes you? Habits encouraging you to multitask make you unproductive. But it’s hard to let go of these habits because you’ve conditioned your brain to send misleading signals to your body. Research has shown that when you multitask “successfully”, you activate the reward mechanism in your brain that releases dopamine, the happy hormone. You feel so good that you believe you’re being effective and this further encourages your multitasking habit. This rush can also make you overly optimistic, less careful about the work you do and more likely to make mistakes, Multitaskers basically get addicted to this rush which leads them to believe they are being effective when in fact they’re not. Since our brains can only effectively focus on one thing at a time, monotasking is the way for you to accomplish more in less time. Research has suggested you’re 50% quicker on average to accomplish a task if you monotask, and you’re also 50% less likely to make errors. So it’s a win-win for everyone! You’ll also be able to appreciate things on a deeper level and get more enjoyment from them when you’re focused. Now you’re probably desperate to find out how to get rid of this multitasking habit so you can find real productivity. There is no easy answer. You simply have to commit to it and have the self discipline to stick to one task at a time. Just say to yourself: When I walk, I walk. When I talk to someone, I talk to someone. Focus on the one thing you are doing. And like that, you’ve mastered monotasking ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．制造商声称，这款即将发布的电动汽车具有自动驾驶功能，可语音控制，一次充电仅需12分钟，就可以行驶600公里。(claim) (汉译英) 53．正是因为这个原因，我放弃了我之前的计划。(强调句) 54．人们常说，萝卜青菜各有所爱，但我身处的两种文化中的食物我都喜欢。(feel at home)(汉译英) 55．这款由高中生设计的应用程序巧妙融合了视觉识别与数据处理技术，彰显了年轻一代的创新思维。 (which) (汉译英) V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．假如你是李华，近期学校非遗选修课（如民歌、中医、剪纸）报名率不足30%，为呼吁更多学生参加，校团委拟举办“非遗：传统与未来的对话”英语演讲比赛，请你撰写演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 非遗的重要性； 2. 课程建议； 3. 呼吁参加。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 按如下格式作答，题目已为你写好。 Intangible Heritage：A Dialogue Between Tradition and Future Hello, everyone! I feel honored to be here to ... ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试题 第11页（共12页） 试题 第12页（共12页） 试题 第9页（共12页） 试题 第10页（共12页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$里■ 2024-2025学年高二下学期期末模拟卷 英语·答题卡 姓 名： 缺考 贴条形码区 准考证号 标记 口 ! 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 注意事项 1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，并 2345678 12345678 2 2 2 2 2 34 认真检查监考员所粘贴的条形码。 4 6 789 3456789 5678 23456789 23456789 3 3 4 4 2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须用0.5m 黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整。 5 5 5 3.请按题号版序在各题的答题区内作答，超出答题区域范围 6 6 6 的答案无效，在草纸、试卷上作答无效 7 7 7 4.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂 8 8 改液、刮纸刀。 9 9 9 9 9 9 5.正确填涂 选择题 (请用2B铅笔填涂) 21 [] 26 [AJIB]ICIID] 31 [AJIB]ICHD] 16 [AJ[BIICHD] 22【A1IB1ICID1 27 IAlIBIICIDI 32 [A][B]ICIID] 17【A1IB1 ICID] 23 [AIIBIICHD] 28 [AIIBIICHDI 33 [AJIB]ICHD] 18【A1 IBIICID1 24 [AI[BJICIID] 29【A1 IB]CHD] 34【A1 IBICHD] 19【AJBIICHD1 25【A1IB1ICID1 30【A1 IBIICHD] 35 [AJIB]ICIID] 20 [AJIBIICIID] 36 IAlIBIICIIDI 41 [AIIBIICIIDI 46 IAJIBIICIID] 37 [AJIBJICIID] 42【AJIBIICIID] 7 IAIIBIICIIDI[EJ[FI 38 [A]IB]IC][DI 33 [AJIBIIC]ID] 48 [AIIBJICI[D][EJ[F] 39【A1IB1 ICHID1 44【A1 IBICJID] 49 IAJIBIICI[DJIEJ[FI 40 [A]IBIICIIDI 45 IAJIBIC]ID] 50 [AJBIICIID]IEJ[FI 非选择题（请在各试题的答题区内作答） I. Grammar and Vocabulary(每题1分：共20分) 3. 10 11 12 13 14. 15 16 17 18 19. 20 英语第1页（共2页） L.Summary Writing(共10分) : IV.Translation(共15分。第1小题和第2小题，每题3分；第3题4分；第4题5分。) 52 53 54 55. V.Guided Writing (25) 1 席 英语第2页（共2页）2024-2025学年高二下学期期末模拟卷 英语·答题卡 姓 名: 缺考 标记 贴条形码区 准考证号 :0] 0 [03 t0 [0] [0] [0] [0 我 过E8E包E EBBE8EE r0 [] [] [1] ri] r1] r1 [] 注意事项 (2] 2 2] [2 2 [2 t2] 2 1. 答题前,考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚,并 [3] 。” (31 3] 3 (③] (③] 认真检查监考员所粘贴的条形码。 Ct □4] [] rit [] fi] t] □4] 2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须用0.5mm 5] 05 5 [5] 5) r 黑色字迹的签字笔填写,字体工整。 。 [] [6] [6 [6] [6 [6] 3. 请按题号顺序在各题的答题区内作答,超出答题区域范围 。 [7] 的答案无效,在草纸、试卷上作答无效 71 7] [7] [7 8] 4. 保持卡面清洁,不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱,不准使用涂 18] [8] [8] 改液、刮纸刀。 r 7 [] i [ 。 5. 正确填涂 ■ 选择题(请用2B铅笔填涂) 21 [A][B]1CI[D] 26 [A][B][C][D] 31 [A][B1[C1ID] = 16 [A1[B1[C1[D] 22 (A][B]1CIID] 27. [A][B][C1[D] 32 [A11B1IC1ID] 17 [A]1B]|C][D] 23 [A1[B11CII D] 33 [A1[B11CIID] 28 [A]1B11C1ID] 1s IA11B11CI D] 29 [A11B]1CIID] 24 [A][B]ICIID] 34 [A][B][C1[D] 19 [A1[B11CIID] 25 [A][B]1CI1I D] 30 [A1[B11C1ID] 35 [A]1B11CIID] 20 1A11B11CIID] 36 1A][B][C11D] 41 [A11B11C]ID] 46 [A11B1[C][D1 37 1A11B1[C11D] 42 [A]1B]1C11D] 47 IA]IB1[C1[D]1E]IF] 38 [A1[B][C11D] 43 [A11B]IC][D] 48 [A1IB11C1[D][E1[F] 39 [A][B][C11D] 44 [A11B11C1[D] 49 [A]IB][C1ID][E1[F] 40 [A][B][C]1D] 45 [A][B]1C]1D] 50 [A][B1[C]ID]1E][F] 将 非选择题(请在各试题的答题区内作答) I. Gr ammar and Vocabulary(每题1分;共20分) 6. 10 11. 12 13. 14 16. 19 英语第1页(共2页) III. Summary Writing(共10分) IV.Translation(共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分:第3题4分;第4题5分。) 52. 1 53. 55 V. GuidedWriting(25分) 英语第2页(共2页) 2024-2025学年高二下学期期末模拟卷 英语·参考答案 I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） 1．illustrated 2．he 3．to be killed 4．from 5．because 6．have 7．ensuring 8．what 9．where 10．can 11．H 12．A 13．B 14．G 15．K 16．D 17．C 18．I 19．F 20．E II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) 21．C 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．A 36．B 37．A 38．C 39．D 40．B 41．D 42．C 43．D 44．B 45．C 46．B 47．F 48．B 49．C 50．A III.Summary Writing(共10分) Multitasking reduces productivity and leads to mistakes due to the brain's addiction to dopamine-driven multitasking rushes. Monotasking, focusing on one task at a time, increases efficiency and accuracy while enhancing enjoyment. Breaking multitasking habits requires self-discipline and commitment to single-task focus. IV.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) 52． The manufacturer claims that the EV to be launched features autonomous driving, voice control, and can travel 600 km on a single charge that takes only 12 minutes. 53． It was for this reason that I gave up my previous plan. 54． People say that one man’s meat is another man’s poison, but I feel at home with food from both my cultures. 55． The App designed by senior high school students skillfully integrates visual object recognition with data processing technology, which shows/demonstrates the innovative thinking of the younger generations. V.Guided Writing (共25分) 【范文】 Intangible Heritage：A Dialogue Between Tradition and Future Hello, everyone! I feel honored to be here to share my opinion about how the intangible heritage connects the past with our future. These treasures — from soul-stirring folk songs to the magic paper-cutting — form our cultural DNA, carrying ancestral wisdom that defines who we are. While our school offers courses like TCM and paper-cutting, fewer than 30% of students have enrolled, risking the fade of these legacies. We suggest more hands-on workshops and expect craftsmen to give us lessons. These courses are fun and educational: imagine crafting art with scissors or decoding herbs by doing experiments. Join us! By participating, you’re not just engaging with heritage but becoming living bridges between tradition and creativity. Sign up now and let tradition thrive in your hands! 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025学年高二下学期期末模拟卷 英语 （考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：115分） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．测试范围：选修三、选修四全册（上外版） 4．难度系数：0.65。 5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 I.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. First published on October 15, 1952, “Charlotte’s Web” is a popular children’s book written by well-known American author E. B．White and 1 （illustrate）by Garth Williams that deals with themes of the nature of friendship, loss, fate, acceptance, and renewal. The story centers on a pig named Wilbur and the unlikely but deep friendship 2 shares with an uncommonly talented spider named Charlotte. While it’s normal in the course of events on a farm for pigs 3 （kill）when they reach a certain size and age, clever Charlotte works out a scheme to keep Wilbur from his fate by weaving words into her web to create what amounts to a one-pig publicity campaign. By promoting Wilbur to celebrity status, Charlotte ultimately saves him 4 his date with the butcher’s knife. The ending of the “Charlotte’s Web” is bittersweet, however, 5 while Wilbur survives, Charlotte does not. But even Charlotte’s passing is a lesson-for Wilbur and those reading his story-about the nature of death and renewal. Death and destiny are both themes that the book explores. While Charlotte is willing to help Wilbur avoid a destiny that’s being imposed on him by outside forces beyond his control, she also understands that some fates are inevitable: All living creatures are born, 6 （have）a life cycle, and die. Charlotte accepts her role in this natural circle without regret. Charlotte helps Wilbur realize that immortality is not about living forever, but rather, 7 （ensure）that new generations will follow. She also helps him understand that love and friendship are not fixed in quantity. While we may lose a friend, new friendships can come along, not as replacements for 8 we’ve lost, but as blessings to build on what we’ve learned. “Charlotte’s Web” got its inspiration from true experiences that author E. B．White had on his farm in Maine, 9 he penned the book and lived until his death in 1985．While the author claims that the book 10 never be considered a moral tale, certain messages related to moral principles, or rights and wrongs, are obviously established in “Charlotte’s Web”. Section B Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．avoid       B．diligent      C． flexible     D．guidance      E. imagination F. independent G. initiative  H. prospects     I. pursue       J. ruin          K. unrealistic Why don’t you get a proper job? Today’s 14-and 15-year-olds are ambitious. They are optimistic about their 11 , but their career ideas are rather vague. A job for life is not in their vocabulary; neither is a dead-end but secure job that is boring but pays the bills. Almost half the boys surveyed expected that their hobbies would lead them into the right sort of job, while most girls seemed determined to 12 traditionally female careers such as nursing. In the past, this might have counted as bad news. But the world has changed. The global economy is not kind to yesterday’s 13 and dependable worker. The future belongs to quick-thinking people who are resourceful, ambitious and can take the 14 . This means that a 14-year-old who sees her working future as a kind of adventure, to be made up as she goes along, is not necessarily being 15 . However, she has to have the training and 16 to help her develop the right skills for today’s market; not the rigid (死板的) preparation for a workplace that disappeared 20 years ago. So what is to be done? Agood first step would be to change the way in which schools prepare young people for adult life. The education system is becoming less 17 and more obsessed (无法摆脱) with traditional skills at just the time that the employment market is going in the opposite direction. Accurate, up-to-date information on new jobs and qualifications can help guidance counsellors to help their students. Young people need solid information on the sort of training they need to 18 the career of their dreams. Also, a little bit of encouragement can go a long way. What, then, can we as parents do to help them? The best thing is to forget all the advice that our parents gave us, and step into our teenager’s shoes. Once we’ve done that, it’s easier to see how important it is that they learn how to be 19 and resourceful. Give them the courage to follow their dreams—however odd they might sound right now. In a world that offers economic security to almost no one, 20 is a terrible thing to waste. II.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 21-35每题1分；36-50每题2分) Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Social media can be a convenient way to extend your network, staying in touch with your grandma or sharing photos of your new puppy. 21 , social media can be terrible for your health. It’s our 22 of it that’s out of control. British evolutionary psychologist Robin Dunbar developed the idea that 150 people is the maximum number of meaningful connections anyone can have. You may have 800 friends on Wechat, but you’re not 23 them in person. Your QQ connections may be vast, but how many of them do you have 24 interactions with? If you’re using social media to feel more connected, a recent study published in the American Journal of Health Promotion suggests that it’s not 25 , and it also brought about unfavorable connections and even depression. Positive interactions on social media don’t help people feel 26 . Negative interactions, on the other hand, bring more feelings of sadness. The same goes for 27 , which social media encourages. Another study, published by the American Psychological Association, shows that comparing yourself to others through social media also produces 28 effects, leading to symptoms of depression. Reaching for your cell phone as a mental break is also a (n) 29 idea. Research by Rutgers University compared participants in the process of completing a task who took a break with their cell phones, with paper and pencils, and who took no break at all. Those who used their cell phones during their break solved 22% fewer problems and took 19% longer to complete their tasks than those under the other two 30 . So how should you 31 your social media usage? First, know your time and 32 of use. Use the tracking function on your device to find out how much you’re using it and what you’re using it for. After this, get away from your device unless you have to use it. Tough as it might be, turn off and tune into the world around you. Then, be in charge of your 33 , rather than let it be in charge of you. Your phone’s rings or vibrations (震动) don’t mean you must respond to them. Remind yourself that you’re in charge, not your device or the people on the other end of it who’ve just contacted you. Finally, consider using your device as a (n) 34 builder. Use your apps to find your friends and make your dinner reservation so you can catch up face-to-face in your favorite restaurant, where you’ll keep your phone out of sight. When you’re in control of your 35 , social media becomes a tool to enrich your life but not a distraction that makes you feel miserable. 21．A．Moreover B．Therefore C．Nevertheless D．Likewise 22．A．use B．reform C．ignorance D．range 23．A．commenting on B．cooperating with C．competing with D．connecting with 24．A．virtual B．meaningful C．constant D．complex 25．A．automatic B．productive C．working D．appealing 26．A．more confident B．more satisfied C．calmer D．happier 27．A．comparison B．sharing C．connection D．variety 28．A．instructive B．restrictive C．negative D．active 29．A．widespread B．bad C．creative D．undervalued 30．A．conditions B．assumptions C．influences D．developments 31．A．reduce B．analyze C．manage D．track 32．A．strategies B．boundaries C．efficiency D．purposes 33．A．device B．schedule C．decision D．emotion 34．A．knowledge B．character C．relationship D．confidence 35．A．digital consumption B．personal interaction C．daily routine D．working habit Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Just the Ticket Shetara Sims had weathered some tough years. In 2012, her eldest daughter was murdered during an argument in Kansas City, Missouri. Last year, the single mother lost her job in the recession (经济衰退). She had only $7 in her pocket as she headed into the grocery store one day last July with her 12-year-old daughter, Rakiya Edmondson. And then Lady Luck finally cut Sims some slack. She and her daughter found a dollar bill in the parking lot. Maybe this was their day, they told each other. So they bought a lottery ticket (彩票) --and won $100. But before they could spend their unexpected gain, Rakiya had an idea. The news in Kansas City that week had been filled with stories about a police officer, Tyler Moss, who had been shot in the head in the line of duty. He was in critical condition. Rakiya and her mother had never forgotten how kind the police had been after their own family member was killed. “The detectives were really there for us,” Sims says. “They came to see my kids. They were fathers, therapists. They were everything.” Rakiya wanted to give their lottery winning to Officer Moss’s family. Her mom readily agreed. On July 10, Sims called the police and made an anonymous (匿名的) donation. Moved by her generous expression of thanks, the officers did what they do best --they tracked Sims down. When she explained the family’s motivation, the officers could hardly believe it. “With her current financial hardship, we encouraged her to keep the money,” the department later explained. “She refused, saying the officer’s family needed it and police needed to know they were supported.” By then, that feeling of support was mutual. The police set up a GoFundMe page for Sims, whom they called “The Woman with the Heart of Gold.” Their goal was $10,000. As of January 11, they had raised $165,405. Even better: Officer Moss, who had a 1 percent chance of survival, is out of the hospital and recovering. 36．Which of the following is NOT one of the hardships Shetara Sims went through? A．Having to bring up children all by herself. B．Losing a lot of money buying lottery tickets. C．Losing her job during the economic decline. D．Her eldest daughter being killed in an argument. 37．The underlined phrase “cut Sims some slack” is closest in meaning to _________. A．gave Sims a break B．criticized Sims sharply C．ignored Sims completely D．conducted a test on Sims 38．Why was Sims called “The Woman with the Heart of Gold”? A．She supported Moss’s family with the money raised on GoFundMe. B．She wrote an anonymous letter to express her gratitude to Officer Moss. C．She donated all the lottery winning despite her own financial hardships. D．She forgave the murderer and encouraged Rakiya to embrace a new life. 39．Which of the following statement is TRUE? A．The police tracked Sims down secretly and returned the money to her. B．The police launched a fundraising campaign for Sims among policeman. C．Officer Moss got injured when arresting the man who killed Sims' daughter. D．Officer Moss’s survival was truly a miracle, given his slim chances. (B) Fact or Myth? WAKING A SLEEPWALKER IS BAD FOR THEIR HEALTH ① Sleepwalking typically occurs during the non-rapid eye movement stage of sleep. Several factors can lead to walking while sleeping, including alcohol use, stress and even brain injury. However, there is a genetic explanation for sleepwalking. Studies have shown that children with one or both sleepwalking parents are 40 to 60 per cent more likely to sleepwalk themselves. As for the consequences of waking a sleepwalker, there is no evidence that it will hurt or harm him, but will likely cause disorientation and confusion. 61 LYING ON YOUR BACK MAKES YOU SNOREMORE ② Snoring, namely breathing noisily, is caused by airflow being restricted through the body’s airways during sleep. When you lie on your back, gravity pulls tissues that surround your airways downwards, narrowing them. As air passes through the passage through the nose, it causes tissue to vibrate (振动)with every breath and can create a snoring sound. When you sleep on your side this tissue doesn’t move downwards, opening up the airways and reducing the volume of snoring. YOU ONLY USE TEN PERCENT OF YOUR BRAIN ③ This common theory in question dates back to the early 1900s, when the philosopher and founder of American psychology William James suggested that we only use a small portion of our potential. In a 1907 paper titled The Energies of Men, James wrote: “We are making use of only a small part of our possible mental and physical resources.” It’s sustained by a book How to Win Friends and Influence People, where American writer Lowell Thomas wrote that “professor William James of Harvard used to say that the average person develops only ten per cent of his potential mental ability”. 40．Which section of a magazine does this passage probably belong to? A．Educational features. B．Medical science. C．Psychology forum. D．Classified ads. 41．Which of the following pictures best illustrates SNORING SCIENCE? A． B． C． D． 42．Which of the following best fits into the numbered blanks ①—②—③? A．MYTH—FACT—FACT B．FACT—MYTH—FACT C．MYTH—FACT—MYTH D．FACT—MYTH—MYTH (C) Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking(懈怠的), you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,” with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance(不满). But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well. The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de Waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different. In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin. The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a co-operative, group-living species. Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation(愤慨), it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question. 43．In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ___________. A．making a conclusion B．justifying an assumption C．explaining a phenomenon D．making a comparison 44．The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last line, Paragraph 1) implies that __________. A．monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals B．feeling angry about unfairness is also monkeys’ nature C．monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other D．no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions 45．Dr. Brosnan and Dr. De Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys _________. A．prefer grapes to cucumbers B．can be taught to exchange things C．will not be co-operation if feeling cheated D．are unhappy when separated from others 46．What can we infer from the last paragraph? A．Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions. B．Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source. C．Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do. D．Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. How some friendships last — and others don’t In a 2008 study, psychologists asked participants to rate the steepness (陡度) of a hill. Those who were accompanied by a friend judged the hill to be less steep than people who were alone. This is just one of many ways friendships can change how we see and move through the world. Friendships can boost our academic performance, help us deal with setbacks, and even improve our health. 47 If you struggle with approaching new people, you are far from alone. In a series of studies, participants had conversations of varying lengths with strangers. Afterward, they were asked to estimate how much they thought each stranger liked them. Across the board, participants rated their own likability much lower than others had actually rated them. 48 You may even want to enter these conversations assuming that the other person will like you. Psychologists find that when people expect to be well-liked, they often unknowingly come across as warmer and friendlier. Next, what’s happening when relationships grow? Psychologists have identified two key features: companionship and closeness. Companionship is defined as the understanding that increases between people with similar hobbies, interests, or values. Sometimes, just being in the same class or team is enough to build this connection. Closeness, on the other hand, looks different for every relationship. 49 But simply telling a friend about your day or sharing your interests can help build closeness too. While every friendship develops on its own timeline, consistency can help. This can include sticking to plans, chatting regularly, and remembering the things that are important to each other. Yet even the closest friendships face challenges. This is especially true for teenage friendships. Relationships may also weaken when one friend can’t support the other through hard times. The most surefire way to deal with these problems is to talk about them. These conversations can be tough and awkward. 50 A．But if they’re approached in the right way, they can strengthen friendships in the long run. B．So, before meeting new people, remember that others like you more than you think. C．It might mean supporting each other through difficult times or feeling comfortable sharing your thoughts and feelings. D．And the more friends you make, the more confident you’ll likely feel. E．For example, there might be a situation that puts two friends in competition. F．It’s clear that friendships are important, but making and maintaining friends isn’t always easy. III.Summary Writing(共10分) 51．Directions: Read the following three passages. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Why Do You Find It So Hard to Not Multitask? Most of us do multitasking almost daily. But it’s time to change that. Let’s take the smartphone for example. On average you check your phone 110 times a day—that means you’re spending 23 days every year glued to your smartphone! How productive do you think that makes you? Habits encouraging you to multitask make you unproductive. But it’s hard to let go of these habits because you’ve conditioned your brain to send misleading signals to your body. Research has shown that when you multitask “successfully”, you activate the reward mechanism in your brain that releases dopamine, the happy hormone. You feel so good that you believe you’re being effective and this further encourages your multitasking habit. This rush can also make you overly optimistic, less careful about the work you do and more likely to make mistakes, Multitaskers basically get addicted to this rush which leads them to believe they are being effective when in fact they’re not. Since our brains can only effectively focus on one thing at a time, monotasking is the way for you to accomplish more in less time. Research has suggested you’re 50% quicker on average to accomplish a task if you monotask, and you’re also 50% less likely to make errors. So it’s a win-win for everyone! You’ll also be able to appreciate things on a deeper level and get more enjoyment from them when you’re focused. Now you’re probably desperate to find out how to get rid of this multitasking habit so you can find real productivity. There is no easy answer. You simply have to commit to it and have the self discipline to stick to one task at a time. Just say to yourself: When I walk, I walk. When I talk to someone, I talk to someone. Focus on the one thing you are doing. And like that, you’ve mastered monotasking ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ IV.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．制造商声称，这款即将发布的电动汽车具有自动驾驶功能，可语音控制，一次充电仅需12分钟，就可以行驶600公里。(claim) (汉译英) 53．正是因为这个原因，我放弃了我之前的计划。(强调句) 54．人们常说，萝卜青菜各有所爱，但我身处的两种文化中的食物我都喜欢。(feel at home)(汉译英) 55．这款由高中生设计的应用程序巧妙融合了视觉识别与数据处理技术，彰显了年轻一代的创新思维。 (which) (汉译英) V.Guided Writing (共25分) 56．假如你是李华，近期学校非遗选修课（如民歌、中医、剪纸）报名率不足30%，为呼吁更多学生参加，校团委拟举办“非遗：传统与未来的对话”英语演讲比赛，请你撰写演讲稿，内容包括： 1. 非遗的重要性； 2. 课程建议； 3. 呼吁参加。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 按如下格式作答，题目已为你写好。 Intangible Heritage：A Dialogue Between Tradition and Future Hello, everyone! I feel honored to be here to ... ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 14 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$