专题02 阅读理解七选五暑假提升练-【暑假自学课】2025年新高一英语暑假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

专题02 阅读理解七选五提升练 (初高中衔接) 内容导航 考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 解题步骤 1:答题前应先速读全文，理解文章主旨和文章框架。切忌边看文章边作答。 2:作答时应先细读每个选项,注意填的选项与上下文语义是否衔接、逻辑是否连贯。 3:每选择一个选项，都要确保其他选项均不能填入该空格处。 4:作答完成后，还应再次通读全文,检查填的选项是否正确。 解题方法: 根据逻辑线索解题 语篇是连贯的，换言之,语篇之所以不是一堆散乱的语言片段，是因为组成语篇的各部分(段落、句子、短语等)之间具有一定的逻辑语义关系。语篇中的各种逻辑关系通过一些标志词体现，牢牢抓住这些逻辑关系词，问题往往可迎刃而解。 逻辑关系的标志词 转折让步关系:but、yet、however、although、instead、though、while、whereas despite等。 并列递进关系:and、or、also、besides、even 、similarly、in the same way、meanwhile、furthermore、moreover等。 因果关系:therefore、thus、as a result、 for this reason 、of course等。 解析、举例关系:for example、for instance、that is to say、in other words、that means等。 巧用代词线索 代词用于指代上文提及的人、事物或整句话。但凡空格前后、选项中出现代词时，应查找到具体代指的内容,代人选项后检查前后语义是否连贯、合乎逻辑。巧用代词线索,不仅有助提高解题速度，而且有助提高答题的准确率。 ( 考点一 空格在段首 ) 当空格设在段首时,最可能存在以下两种情形:一是空格处可能是段落主题句。此时，考生应仔细阅读段落内容,选择与段落大意一致的选项。二是空格处可能是过渡句，起承上启下的作用。这种情况下，考生需要瞻前顾后，即阅读上一段结尾部分及空格后面内容，寻找能将前后内容衔接起来的过渡句。 ________ It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style. A. This time there was no tent. B. Things are going to be improved. C. The trip they took me on was a rough one. D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however. E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping. G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. ( 考点 二 空格在段中 )【解析】E。本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者由不喜欢野营到喜欢野营的过程。本空位于文章最后一段，根据整篇文章的行文思路来看，最后一段是在总结、升华文章的中心思想，故结合本空格的后一句“每一个人迟早都会找到回归自然的方式”可判断出选E。 段中设空可为段落主题句或展开句。解题时要注意分析空前后的逻辑关系。设空处可能是以转折手法引出的主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文的具体的事实、事例和说明。因此第一步需要依据信息词将部分选项排除之后，把剩下的几个可能正确的选项依次代人设空处，最终确定哪个选项和空白处前后内容能达到语意连贯，逻辑关系清晰，从而得出正确答案。 When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know tocome back during that time or that you'll find them then. ________. It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions. A. If you're busy, don't feel bad about saying no B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work C. Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes D. If you're in the other person's office or in a public area E. It's important that you let them know when you'll be available F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you G. Leave it open when you're available to talk and close it when you're not ( 考点 三 空格在段尾 )【解析】E。空前一句说“当有人试图打扰你时，提出新的沟通时间，让他们在预约时间过来或者你去找他们”，空格后说“这样做能帮助你消除未来受到打扰的可能”，E项“让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的”可起承上启下的作用，故选E。 段尾句多为承上启下句或概括总结句。解题时可从这个角度去思考:这一空是归纳本段主旨还是引出下一段的内容？如果在选项中找不出与前文的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否体现出了衔接。认真阅读下一段的开头几句，看是否能与选项紧密连接起来。当空格设在段尾时，空格处通常是为概括性的结论，这时应注意查找包含结论、总结的选项，如therefore、as a result、so等表达。 Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you're tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. ________ Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you've tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record ... A. Get a sleep specialist. B. Find the right motivation. C. A better plan for sleep can help. D. And consider setting a second alarm. E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up. F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day. G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee. 【解析】F。由本段首句可知本段是在讲述“在周末要坚持执行你的睡觉和起床时间表”。本空位于段尾且与后段无明显衔接，故其应是起总结归纳本段主旨的作用而不是引出下一段的内容。F选项的句意“坚持你所设定的就寝和起床时间，不管是哪天”和本段主旨相符。故选F。 Passage 1 Tips for Discussing Current Events with Children Often the news children see and hear can be confusing and alarming. Maybe you don’t let your child read or watch the news. 1 With some preparation, you can help your child to understand and react calmly to news and current events. The first thing to keep in mind is to find out what your child already knows. Your child may have already heard about an event but lack context for an understanding of the details. Ask your child questions about what news topics are being discussed in school or what stories they recently saw in the newspaper or on TV. 2 Another way you can help your child understand the news is to seek out child-appropriate news sources. Explain to your child the importance of getting news from reliable sources. There are multiple well-regarded websites that have news stories for younger children. 3 Try to watch or read the news together and encourage your child to ask questions if they see something confusing. 4 If a news story upsets you, it is okay to tell your child this, showing children that having strong feelings about world events is healthy. However, you shouldn’t try to force your child to feel the same way as you. Encourage your child to read or watch the news critically and draw their own conclusions. All in all, by talking with your child about current events, you can help your child to feel more confident in their understanding of the world. 5 A. Finally, be careful not to upset your child. B. Besides, be honest with your child about your feelings. C. But they can hear about events from other children at school. D. This is not likely to be an attractive option for older children. E. Then you can help them fill in gaps in their understanding of events. F. You can also help them become a better and more informed global citizen. G. Older children may want to read the same news sources that you read or watch. Passage 2 (江苏省宿迁市沭阳县2023-2024学年高一上学期期中调研测试英语试卷)A report by the World Health Organization concludes a majority of teenagers worldwide aren’t physically active enough. Many children don’t participate in any extracurricular(课外的)activities. 1 In fact, participating in high-quality PE classes provides numerous benefits for students. Now let’s take a look at some of them. 2 A PE class is the ideal setting for developing healthy habits and acquiring an understanding of one’s own body. Daily physical education encourages children to be physically active and develop abilities and skills which are beneficial for them both physically and emotionally throughout their lives. Helping reduce stress and anxiety. 3 When kids are allowed to be active and move their bodies at school, it becomes a natural body and mind energizer that makes the rest of the day far more enjoyable. Physical activity can help to improve mood and emotional stability, and prevent anxiety disorders as well. Boosting academic learning. Numerous studies have shown that there is a strong link between physical activity and academic achievement. PE can improve concentration, attention, and memory, as well as reduce stress and fatigue(疲劳). It can also help to improve mood and energy levels in kids. 4 Strengthening relationships with others. In PE lessons, students are frequently asked to work together to complete certain tasks. This allows them to strengthen relationships with their classmates. 5 PE can also teach students how to better manage conflict and help develop communication skills. These factors contribute to the development of strong, healthy relationships with others. A. Encouraging physical activity for life. B. Developing a strong sense of teamwork. C. In some cases, these relationships can last a lifetime. D. All of these factors can lead to improved grades and test scores. E. PE can be the perfect means for students to take the pressure off. F. Students can also learn how to handle winning and losing gracefully. G. What would happen if teenagers were no longer given access to quality PE? Passage 3 In your life, sometimes you may be asked to speak in front of a large group of people. Although it sounds a little scary, even those with stage fright can speak successfully to the group with adequate preparation. Practice your speech before the big day. 1 If possible, practice the speech in front of a friend or family member to get used to saying it to real people. If you feel you must have note cards, limit the amount to about three cards. This will force you to keep your speech brief and help you keep your eyes focused on your audience. Remember why you’ve been invited to speak. If you’re battling fear over speaking to a large group of people, keep your mind on the fact that you were selected for this important role. The speech organizers must have seen something valuable in you or your expertise. 2 Remember that fear of public speaking is very common. 3 Most of the people in the audience would be feeling the same fear and stress that you do in your position. Knowing this may make you feel better. 4 What you say should be tailored(专门的) to why you’re there and who you’re speaking to in order to avoid sounding general. If speaking to a charity group,mention the good work certain specific individuals have done for the cause. If speaking at a business conference, briefly state why you want to help these people. Keep eye contact with the crowd. 5 Pick one person in each section and look at him while you’re speaking. After each important point in your speech, switch your focus to another section. When you focus only on one person at a time, the size of the crowd isn’t as frightening. A. A good memory is really helpful. B. Show appreciation to your audience. C. Mention your audience in your speech. D. The more you have it memorized, the better. E. In fact, it’s normal to feel awkward or stressed out before a big speech. F. Separate the crowd into three sections mentally as you get up to speak. G. The knowledge of other people’s respect for you should reduce some of the fear. Passage 4 World Peace Day falls on September 21 every year. It’s a day to lay down our guns in war areas. Some organizations provide care for the unfortunate people in these areas on World Peace Day when activities are organized to support world peace. 1 Enjoy a minute of silence. At noon of the day, one minute of silence will be held worldwide. During that minute, fall silent and reflect on a more peaceful world. 2 And honor those still fighting for peace. Donate to charity. Many people are struggling for survival worldwide. Considering marking World Peace Day with a show of support. There are thousands of charities that are working for world peace, and global development. 3 It will help many people in need. 4 Gather your friends, family, neighbors and also your “enemies”  together, and have a World Peace Day picnic or a World Peace Day dinner. Enjoy yourselves while eating, drinking, dancing, talking and playing games. Strengthen your relationships and enjoy peace. Plant a tree. Millions of people have planted trees for peace since the first World Peace Day. Trees are more than just a symbol of tolerance, patience and renewal(复苏). 5 Many conflicts result from the worsening of our environment. Planting trees can help protect the environment and thus keep the peace. A. Support one like the Red Cross. B. Throw a World Peace Day party. C. However, the world is not peaceful. D. Remember those who lost their lives for peace. E. Trees can also be used for shelter from the storm. F. They have a practical purpose in keeping peace, too. G. Here are a few simple ways to celebrate World Peace Day. Passage 5 It is never too late to develop great study habits. However, starting to make some changes is hard. Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades, you’re probably having trouble getting started in the first place! 1 . Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Make a schedule of your time. Then decide on good, regular time for studying. 2 , but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable and quiet. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject. Skim before you read. 3 . As you preview the material, you get some idea of the passage and how it is organized. 4 . Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says. Develop a good attitude to tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. 5 . Tests provide grades, but they also let you know that you need to spend more time studying. There are other skills that might help you with your study. Share with your classmates some of the skills you have found to be helpful. A. Study regularly B. Make good use of your time in class C. There are several ways that can help you D. Develop a positive lifestyle by setting realistic goals E. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems F. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully G. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry too much about your grade Passage 6 How to Handle Being the New Kid at School Being the new kid at school can be a terrible experience! It might seem like everybody else knows exactly how to act. But remember you aren’t alone. Actually, everybody is nervous on their first day and you can fit right in with the help of the following tips. Plan ahead the night before. 1 Lay out your first day outfit(全套服装), pack a lunch, and make sure you have all your school supplies ready to go. Planning ahead can help you get a good night’s sleep and feel less nervous about your first day. 2 Make sure your clothes are cleaned and pressed and that you’ve showered, brushed your teeth. If you’re hoping to attract friends with similar interests, try wearing a shirt with your favorite show, musician, or sports team on it. 3 Do your best to stay calm and positive. It’s normal to feel nervous or anxious when you’re the new kid at school. If you feel nervous, start by taking some deep breaths. 4 You can listen to music that makes you feel calm or happy. Try imagining a good first day in your mind instead of keeping thinking about things that could go wrong. 5 Don’t come in on the first day with your head hanging down, your shoulders lowered, and your eyes on the floor. Walk with your head held up, your back straight, and a bright expression on your face. Make eye contact with other people, and smile if they look at you or speak to you. A. Use your body language to show confidence. B. Introduce yourself to your teachers and classmates. C. Choose clothes that make you feel great. D. This can be an easy way to start a talk and break the ice a little. E. You should keep talking and let people know that you are friendly. F. Remember that everyone is the new kid at some point and that it’s not a big deal G. You’ll feel less worried if everything is ready before you wake up for your first day.. Passage 7 There’s no doubt that when it comes to friendship，you want positive people in your life and not negatives ones. 1 . Support when you need it. With positive friends，you don’t need to beg for help when you need it because chances are they will be there for you without asking. 2 . Health benefits of being positive. The more positive friends you have，the better you will be at remaining optimistic yourself. 3 . For example，it helps people to deal with stress and illness better. Health benefits may include lower rates of depression，a greater ability to throw off colds，and a reduced risk of developing disease. Bring out the best in you. 4 . This means trying new things，achieving goals，and having the kind of life you dreamed of for yourself. With positive people in your life，you’11 feel more comfortable sharing your goals because your friends will give you the emotional push you need to go after what you want in life. Attracting More Positive FriendsYou naturally attract the kinds of friends who are most like you. So if you’re a downer，you’11 probably find that negative people flock to you. 5 . The more you are able to maintain a positive attitude，the more likeminded people you’11 attract in return. A. Here are some benefits of spending time with positive friends. B. That’s why you’d better surround yourself with positive friends. C. In most cases，they will go out of their way to help you when you’re in trouble. D. The same is true for being positive. E. As we all know，there are many benefits of being optimistic. F. Your positive friends will inspire you to be the best you can be. G. Most of the time，you have to ask them to help you when in trouble. Passage 8 When you’re meeting someone new, concentrate your full attention on him. 1 Instead, look the person in the eye, shake hands, and listen carefully to his whole name as it’s said. Ask Speak the name back to the person in the form of a question. “Hi, I’m Katherine. I’m sorry, did you say Don or Dom?” Or “Robert, is it? Nice to meet you. I’m Katherine.” 2 Thus, by repeating the name this way, you’re increasing your chances of remembering it. To up the odds even more, try working in another question if possible: “Are you Stephen with a ‘ph’ or a ‘v’?” “Ty...Is that short for Tyler?” Associate 3 If your new acquaintance goes by Bill, make quick mental associations with famous people named Bill, relatives named Bill, or any other kind of bill. Creating mental connections and supporting them with a statement said aloud further cements the name in your memory. Employ After repeating the name and then commenting on it, use it once or twice more in conversation. Do this either by addressing the person directly or referring to him while speaking to someone else (“Hey, Jim! Bill and I were just talking about that new Brad Pitt movie!”) 4 Be careful not to overuse the name, though, since that can come off as awkward or insincere. Using a person’s name is a key to opening doors for you and to maintaining an initial rapport(和谐的关系) that could make this person a new friend for life or a lifelong business partner. 5 A. You can write down the name when it is necessary. B. When the conversation ends, use the person’s name again. C. The brain responds more actively when a question is answered. D. Whenever you are introduced to someone, keep your mind on it. E. Don’t race ahead in your mind to come up with something to say. F. Next, tell yourself something about the name to ensure that it sticks. G. Make the decision to start remembering people’s names from today! Passage 9 Sometimes in life, we keep making the same mistakes over and over again, without learning a lesson, till reality strikes us. Other times, some decisions are very hard, so we often end up feeling we could have gone the other way. 1 Life is limited, and it is better to learn some life lessons. Be full of confidence. Successful people don't just gain confidence after achieving success. Instead, they have made achievements as they always believe in themselves. 2 3 If you agree to do things even if you don't want to, you will welcome more stress in your life. This is why you must be able to and have the courage to turn someone down in a polite way whenever you are not totally ready to do something you are asked to. Be responsible for your life. 4 Other people may advise you or influence you but they cannot force you to determine what you should do. Stay away from people who always drag you down. We tend to be with people who inspire us or who make us feel better, but sometimes we end up spending time with those who don't appreciate us . 5 Or you will end up feeling worthless for yourself. A. Be brave and willing to say “No”. B. Then what we are left with is regret. C. Accomplish the more urgent tasks-first. D. It is time to cut those people out of your life. E. Avoid things that prevent your concentration. F. It's your responsibility to take charge of your life, so don't always rely on others to determine what your life will be like. G. To overcome all the obstacles in your way, you need to trust yourself to get out of your comfort zone and that requires confidence. Passage 10 Why is Eating Colourful Food Good for You? Most of us are faced with the same choice numerous times a day: what to eat. Along with price, accessibility and preference, we'll often use a food's healthfulness to help us make a decision. 1 It's widely accepted by researchers that we need a varied diet. 2 Blue is colour the best guide to getting all the nutrients(营养)we need?The proof may be in the Mediterranean diet, which contains a lot of fruit, vegetables and healthy fats such as extra virgin olive oil, and is frequently rated the healthiest diet by scientists. Eating lots of colors may lower your risk of missing out on all important nutrients. If we’re missing a colour of the rainbow, we may be missing a function of that food, says Minich. 3 Blue and purple foods, including blueberries are linked to lowering the risk of heart disease and type 2diabetes(糖尿病).Yellow foods reduce the risk of heart disease. Tian-shin Yeh, research fellow at Harvard TH Chan School of Public: Health says eating a colourful diet can also help people avoid possible side effects of eating too much of one food.“ 4 For example, research has found that orange juice is associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline(认知衰退), but too much intake is associated with type 2 diabetes,” she says. Eating a rainbow diet may also be complex(复杂的). 5 We may find it hard to make choices. We also need to eat from other food groups to get all the nutrients we need, such as protein. A. Food is very complex. B. A varied diet is packed with different vegetables. C. It could be really tricky to get every colour every day. D. But how do we know we're getting enough nutrients? E. Different coloured foods come with different benefits. F. And one way to do this is by eating all the colors of the rainbow. G. Will a more colourful diet increase the risk of overeating unhealthy food? Passage 11 The things that you do, words that you say, and feelings that you express, contribute to your children’s level of confidence. 1 , then read on. Love and acceptance We know that you love your children. But do they know that you love them, accept them just as they are, and respect them? Give your children plenty of love even if you are not able to do it all the time. 2 . Unconditional love will help them grow into a confident human being. 3 Nobody is perfect. But to raise a confident child, you should not stress too much on the shortcomings. Positive parenting focuses on developing what is good in a child, and making him or her feel empowered. If your children feel defeated by disappointments in life, help them look at the bright side by talking about their success. Let them make decisions 4 . It also empowers children as it gives them the ability to choose something. But they don’t have the ability of an adult and may not know how to reach a decision all by themselves. Praise when they deserve it It is easy to blame a child when he or she does something wrong. And we never forget to do that. But when the child does something right, we don’t always praise him or her. We are not talking about praising the child for every little thing he or she does well. 5 . A. Make full use of the advantage B. Focus on strengths, deal with weaknesses C. Your children need to know that they are loved and accepted D. Decision making is an important life skill that children need to learn to be confident E. If you want to do and say the right things to help build confidence in your children F. But if the child has put in the effort and achieved something, appreciate it G. When you are not aware of the importance of making yourself confident Passage 12 Throwing a party is a great way to get all your favorite people in one place for music, conversation, of course, food. 1 , when you are the one planning the party. Not to worry; your planning will be a breeze if you plan ahead of time and take the process course by course, from appetizers(开胃菜) to desserts. Ask your guests about food restrictions before you start preparing food. For guests with food allergies or on diets, ask them to make their own restrictions clear. And ask if any guests are vegetarians and provide dishes accordingly. 2 . Choose an appetizer-only meal for a relaxing inexpensive party. You’ll save money and preparation time, and be able to socialize more with your guests. 3 , so guests aren’t thrown off when no main course is served. You’ll want to offer your guests some variety of taste in your appetizers for a more satisfying meal. 4 . If your appetizers are just the start of a more formal meal with a main course, you keep it a bit simpler. Plan just a few handful of chips and a couple of cookies for your each guest, if you’re serving a main course afterwards. Prepare fruits and vegetables. Many guests will want a fresh, healthy option to start off a meal. A fruit tray or veggie platter with carrots, cucumbers, and broccoli is an easy and colorful addition to your appetizer spread. 5 . Besides, you’d better offer quick snacks like nuts, or chips. A. Serve a substantial main course if necessary B. Serve light, simple snacks before a main course C. You should detail it on the invitation that only appetizers will be served D. So you should make thoughtful preparations for each of your guests E. It’s a good idea to have a few vegetarian options available regardless F. But it can be stressful to prepare food for guests with all different preferences G. Look for ripe fruits and fresh vegetables that are in season for the best tasting ingredients Passage 13 Studies continue to show how important strong friendships are to our overall health. Here’re the rules you are supposed to know to keep strong and healthy friendships. 1 Everyone needs a support network. When you consider yourself the friend of another, you’re implicitly offering to be a part of his or her support network. What’s more, without trust and honesty, there is no authenticity(真实性) to the friendship. Be all ears to your friends. Too often, we only “half hear” what others are telling us, and have a hard time making space for caring about others’ conditions. 2 If we don’t truly know what our friends need or can’t clearly express how we feel or what we need, friendships won’t survive or continue. Throw away the judgment. 3 Good friends are able to realize that everyone is human. Friends don’t have to necessarily “like” or “approve” of their friends’ choices, but good friends will accept their friends’ choices no matter what. Forgive(原谅) where you can — and seek forgiveness when you make a mess of something. No one promises to bring perfection to a relationship, so being willing to accept and forgive the weaknesses of others makes you more likely to build a lasting friendship. 4 Respect your friends and their boundaries. Everyone has a right to set up personal boundaries to feel safe and respected. Some friends may have a difficult time letting people get close to them for fear of being hurt. 5 Give them the space they need to feel comfortable, and let the relationship deepen over time. A. Don’t crowd your friends. B. Offer them what they need. C. Support, trust, and honesty are givens. D. But friendships don’t need to be perfect. E. True friends don’t judge each other’s choices. F. However, friendships require attention and care. G. It’s also important that we’re able to recognize when we make mistakes. Passage 14 Your mind is very powerful. Yet, if you’re like most people, you probably spend very little time reflecting on the way you think. After all, who thinks about thinking? 1 If you draw wrong conclusions about whom you are and what you’re capable of doing, you’ll limit your potential. Your thoughts are a catalyst(催化剂) for self-perpetuating(自我持续的) cycles. 2 So if you think you’re a failure, you’ll feel like a failure. Then, you’ll act like a failure, which strengthens your belief that you must be a failure. I see this happen all the time in my office. Someone will come in saying, “I’m just not good enough to advance in my career.” That opinion leads her to feel discouraged and causes her to put in less efforts. 3 Once you draw a conclusion about yourself, you’re likely to do two things: look for evidence that strengthens your belief and consider anything that runs against your belief unimportant. Someone who develops the belief that he’s a failure, for example, will view each mistake as evidence that he’s not good enough. 4 Consider for a minute that it might not be your lack of talent or lack of skills that are holding you back. Instead, it might be your beliefs that keep you from performing at your peak(巅峰). 5 That’s not to say positive thoughts have magical powers. But optimistic thoughts lead to productive act, which increases your chances of a successful outcome. A. When he does succeed, he’ll owe it to luck. B. Once that belief gets rooted in his mind, he will suffer a lot. C. That lack of efforts prevents her from having a better career. D. Creating a more positive thought can lead to better outcomes. E. What you think influences how you feel and how you behave. F. However, the way you think about yourself turns into your reality. G. If we make an effort on purpose, you can learn to think more positively. Passage 15 When we walk the “path of life”, social life is very important. More often than not, close friendships can help us smooth out the sometimes rock y road that we are meant to travel. 1 : they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves. Through friendship, we can become happier, wiser and more satisfied humans. The first fruit is that they can comfort the heart, because the peace comes from having someone with whom we share our joy, sadness, success and failure. Here, friendship has a double advantage-happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! Naturally, this kind of openness results from a close friendship. With true friends, we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure. We know that our friends will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness. 2 The second one is 3 We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own. As a result, if we are guided only by our own feelings, our judgements might be one-sided. On the other hand, our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions that we all have to make. Also, when we want to talk our problems over with a friend, we have to put our thoughts into words first. This alone helps make our thoughts clearer and brings us a more thorough understanding of our problems. The third one is that they can help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves 4 Sometimes a friend is even known as our “second self”. There are so many things in life that can only be achieved with the help of friends. Friends may have many different ideas and skills. They can help us achieve what we want during life and, perhaps, even after death. Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. If we want to better walk the “path of life” with the comfort, advice and help from our trusted friends, 5 A. However, when we seek to be alone, we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world. B. because friends may offer help in many different ways. C. In general, close friendships have three main “fruits”. D. we should choose friends and develop relationships carefully. E. Indeed, the human heart depends on such opportunities for comfort and protection. F. that they can advise the head because we may have better understanding and judgement that are achieved through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends. G. quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement. 12 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 阅读理解七选五提升练 (初高中衔接) 内容导航 考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢 重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺 难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升 复习提升：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破 核心考点聚焦 解题步骤 1:答题前应先速读全文，理解文章主旨和文章框架。切忌边看文章边作答。 2:作答时应先细读每个选项,注意填的选项与上下文语义是否衔接、逻辑是否连贯。 3:每选择一个选项，都要确保其他选项均不能填入该空格处。 4:作答完成后，还应再次通读全文,检查填的选项是否正确。 解题方法: 根据逻辑线索解题 语篇是连贯的，换言之,语篇之所以不是一堆散乱的语言片段，是因为组成语篇的各部分(段落、句子、短语等)之间具有一定的逻辑语义关系。语篇中的各种逻辑关系通过一些标志词体现，牢牢抓住这些逻辑关系词，问题往往可迎刃而解。 逻辑关系的标志词 转折让步关系:but、yet、however、although、instead、though、while、whereas despite等。 并列递进关系:and、or、also、besides、even 、similarly、in the same way、meanwhile、furthermore、moreover等。 因果关系:therefore、thus、as a result、 for this reason 、of course等。 解析、举例关系:for example、for instance、that is to say、in other words、that means等。 巧用代词线索 代词用于指代上文提及的人、事物或整句话。但凡空格前后、选项中出现代词时，应查找到具体代指的内容,代人选项后检查前后语义是否连贯、合乎逻辑。巧用代词线索,不仅有助提高解题速度，而且有助提高答题的准确率。 ( 考点一 空格在段首 ) 当空格设在段首时,最可能存在以下两种情形:一是空格处可能是段落主题句。此时，考生应仔细阅读段落内容,选择与段落大意一致的选项。二是空格处可能是过渡句，起承上启下的作用。这种情况下，考生需要瞻前顾后，即阅读上一段结尾部分及空格后面内容，寻找能将前后内容衔接起来的过渡句。 ________ It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style. A. This time there was no tent. B. Things are going to be improved. C. The trip they took me on was a rough one. D. I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however. E. I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping. F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping. G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. ( 考点 二 空格在段中 )【解析】E。本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了作者由不喜欢野营到喜欢野营的过程。本空位于文章最后一段，根据整篇文章的行文思路来看，最后一段是在总结、升华文章的中心思想，故结合本空格的后一句“每一个人迟早都会找到回归自然的方式”可判断出选E。 段中设空可为段落主题句或展开句。解题时要注意分析空前后的逻辑关系。设空处可能是以转折手法引出的主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充前文的具体的事实、事例和说明。因此第一步需要依据信息词将部分选项排除之后，把剩下的几个可能正确的选项依次代人设空处，最终确定哪个选项和空白处前后内容能达到语意连贯，逻辑关系清晰，从而得出正确答案。 When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know tocome back during that time or that you'll find them then. ________. It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions. A. If you're busy, don't feel bad about saying no B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work C. Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes D. If you're in the other person's office or in a public area E. It's important that you let them know when you'll be available F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you G. Leave it open when you're available to talk and close it when you're not ( 考点 三 空格在段尾 )【解析】E。空前一句说“当有人试图打扰你时，提出新的沟通时间，让他们在预约时间过来或者你去找他们”，空格后说“这样做能帮助你消除未来受到打扰的可能”，E项“让他们知道你什么时候有空是很重要的”可起承上启下的作用，故选E。 段尾句多为承上启下句或概括总结句。解题时可从这个角度去思考:这一空是归纳本段主旨还是引出下一段的内容？如果在选项中找不出与前文的关联，此时可考虑与下一段开头是否体现出了衔接。认真阅读下一段的开头几句，看是否能与选项紧密连接起来。当空格设在段尾时，空格处通常是为概括性的结论，这时应注意查找包含结论、总结的选项，如therefore、as a result、so等表达。 Keep your sleep/wake schedule on weekends. If you're tired out by Friday night, sleeping in on Saturday could sound wonderful. But compensating on the weekends actually feeds into your sleepiness the following week, a recent study found. ________ Keep a record and evaluate it weekly. Keep track of your efforts and write down how you feel. After you've tried a new method for a week, take a look at your record ... A. Get a sleep specialist. B. Find the right motivation. C. A better plan for sleep can help. D. And consider setting a second alarm. E. If the steps you take are working, keep it up. F. Stick to your set bedtime and wake-up time, no matter the day. G. Reconsider the 15 minutes you spend in line at the cafe to get coffee. 【解析】F。由本段首句可知本段是在讲述“在周末要坚持执行你的睡觉和起床时间表”。本空位于段尾且与后段无明显衔接，故其应是起总结归纳本段主旨的作用而不是引出下一段的内容。F选项的句意“坚持你所设定的就寝和起床时间，不管是哪天”和本段主旨相符。故选F。 Passage 1 Tips for Discussing Current Events with Children Often the news children see and hear can be confusing and alarming. Maybe you don’t let your child read or watch the news. 1 With some preparation, you can help your child to understand and react calmly to news and current events. The first thing to keep in mind is to find out what your child already knows. Your child may have already heard about an event but lack context for an understanding of the details. Ask your child questions about what news topics are being discussed in school or what stories they recently saw in the newspaper or on TV. 2 Another way you can help your child understand the news is to seek out child-appropriate news sources. Explain to your child the importance of getting news from reliable sources. There are multiple well-regarded websites that have news stories for younger children. 3 Try to watch or read the news together and encourage your child to ask questions if they see something confusing. 4 If a news story upsets you, it is okay to tell your child this, showing children that having strong feelings about world events is healthy. However, you shouldn’t try to force your child to feel the same way as you. Encourage your child to read or watch the news critically and draw their own conclusions. All in all, by talking with your child about current events, you can help your child to feel more confident in their understanding of the world. 5 A. Finally, be careful not to upset your child. B. Besides, be honest with your child about your feelings. C. But they can hear about events from other children at school. D. This is not likely to be an attractive option for older children. E. Then you can help them fill in gaps in their understanding of events. F. You can also help them become a better and more informed global citizen. G. Older children may want to read the same news sources that you read or watch. 【答案】1. C 2. E 3. G 4. B 5. F 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些与孩子讨论时事的方法，帮助孩子理解并冷静对待。 1. 前文“Maybe you don’t let your child read or watch the news.(也许你不让你的孩子阅读或看新闻。)”讲述你不让孩子看新闻，后文“With some preparation, you can help your child to understand and react calmly to news and current events.(通过一些准备，你可以帮助你的孩子理解新闻和时事，并冷静地做出反应。)”讲述了可以通过一些准备来帮助孩子理解和冷静对待新闻和时事，由此可知，空处应与前文形成转折，说明无法完全阻止孩子得知新闻内容，C项“但他们可以从学校里的其他孩子那里听到事件。”符合题意。故选C。 2. 本段首句“The first thing to keep in mind is to find out what your child already knows.(首先要记住的是弄清楚你的孩子已经知道的东西。)”是主旨句，讲述了要先弄清楚孩子知道了哪些内容，前文“Ask your child questions about what news topics are being discussed in school or what stories they recently saw in the newspaper or on TV.(问孩子一些问题，比如学校里正在讨论什么新闻话题，或者他们最近在报纸或电视上看到了什么故事。)”讲述了通过问孩子问题来弄清楚孩子知道的东西，所以空处应说弄清楚之后需要采取的行动，E项“然后你可以帮助他们填补对事件理解的空白。”符合题意。故选E。 3. 前文“There are multiple well-regarded websites that have news stories for younger children.(有多个备受好评的网站为年幼的孩子提供新闻报道。)”讲述了有为年幼孩子提供新闻报道的网站，空处应讲述年龄大一些的孩子想要看的新闻类型，G项“年龄较大的孩子可能想阅读与你阅读或观看的相同的新闻来源。”符合题意。故选G。 4. 空处是本段主旨句。根据下文“If a news story upsets you, it is okay to tell your child this. Showing children that having strong feelings about world events is healthy.(如果一个新闻故事让你不开心，可以告诉你的孩子，向孩子表明对世界事件有强烈的感受是健康的。)”可知，本段主要讲述了要坦诚告诉孩子你自身的感受，B项“此外，对孩子坦白自己的感受。”符合题意。故选B。 5. 前文“All in all, by talking with your child about current events, you can help your child to feel more confident in their understanding of the world.(总之，通过与孩子谈论时事，你可以帮助孩子更有信心地理解世界。)”讲述了与孩子谈论时事给孩子带来的好处，这里应补充说明这么做的其他好处，F项“你还可以帮助他们成为一个更好、更有见识的全球公民。”符合题意。故选F。 Passage 2 A report by the World Health Organization concludes a majority of teenagers worldwide aren’t physically active enough. Many children don’t participate in any extracurricular(课外的)activities. 1 In fact, participating in high-quality PE classes provides numerous benefits for students. Now let’s take a look at some of them. 2 A PE class is the ideal setting for developing healthy habits and acquiring an understanding of one’s own body. Daily physical education encourages children to be physically active and develop abilities and skills which are beneficial for them both physically and emotionally throughout their lives. Helping reduce stress and anxiety. 3 When kids are allowed to be active and move their bodies at school, it becomes a natural body and mind energizer that makes the rest of the day far more enjoyable. Physical activity can help to improve mood and emotional stability, and prevent anxiety disorders as well. Boosting academic learning. Numerous studies have shown that there is a strong link between physical activity and academic achievement. PE can improve concentration, attention, and memory, as well as reduce stress and fatigue(疲劳). It can also help to improve mood and energy levels in kids. 4 Strengthening relationships with others. In PE lessons, students are frequently asked to work together to complete certain tasks. This allows them to strengthen relationships with their classmates. 5 PE can also teach students how to better manage conflict and help develop communication skills. These factors contribute to the development of strong, healthy relationships with others. A. Encouraging physical activity for life. B. Developing a strong sense of teamwork. C. In some cases, these relationships can last a lifetime. D. All of these factors can lead to improved grades and test scores. E. PE can be the perfect means for students to take the pressure off. F. Students can also learn how to handle winning and losing gracefully. G. What would happen if teenagers were no longer given access to quality PE? 【答案】1. G 2. A 3. E 4. D 5. C 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了参加高质量的体育课为学生提供的好处。 1. 根据上文“A report by the World Health Organization concludes a majority of teenagers worldwide aren’t physically active enough. Many children don’t participate in any extracurricular (课外的)activities.(世界卫生组织的一份报告得出结论，世界上大多数青少年身体活动不足。许多孩子不参加任何课外活动。)”可知，上文提出了青少年课外活动不足的现状，空处承接上文，提出如果青少年不再有高质量的体育课会发生什么。G项中的“quality PE”和下文中的“high-quality PE classes”对应。G项：What would happen if teenagers were no longer given access to quality PE?(如果青少年不再有机会参加高质量的体育运动，会发生什么？)符合语境。故选G。 2. 空处为段落小标题。根据下文“A PE class is the ideal setting for developing healthy habits and acquiring an understanding of one’s own body. Daily physical education encourages children to be physically active and develop abilities and skills which are beneficial for them both physically and emotionally throughout their lives.(体育课是培养健康习惯和了解自己身体的理想场所。日常体育教育鼓励孩子们积极锻炼身体，发展对他们一生的身体和情感都有益的能力和技能。)”可知，本段提出高质量的体育课鼓励终生体育锻炼。A项中的“Encouraging”和下文中的“encourages”对应，“for life”和下文中的“throughout their lives”对应。A项：Encouraging physical activity for life.(鼓励终生体育锻炼。)符合语境。故选A。 3. 根据段落小标题“Helping reduce stress and anxiety.(帮助减轻压力和焦虑。)”可知，空处解释说明体育课是减轻学生压力的一个好方法。E项中的“take the pressure off”和标题中的“reduce stress”对应。E项：PE can be the perfect means for students to take the pressure off.(体育是学生减压的最佳方式。)符合语境。故选E。 4. 根据上文“PE can improve concentration, attention, and memory, as well as reduce stress and fatigue(疲劳). It can also help to improve mood and energy levels in kids.(体育运动可以提高注意力、注意力和记忆力，还可以减轻压力和疲劳。它还可以帮助改善孩子们的情绪和能量水平。)”可知，上文提到了很多有助于改善学习成绩的因素，空处进行总结，说明这些因素对于学习的作用。D项：All of these factors can lead to improved grades and test scores.(所有这些因素都能提高成绩和考试分数。)符合语境。故选D。 5. 根据段落小标题“Strengthening relationships with others.(加强与他人的关系。)”可知，本段的关键词是“relationships”，C项：In some cases, these relationships can last a lifetime.(在某些情况下，这些关系可以持续一生。)符合语境。故选C。 Passage 3 In your life, sometimes you may be asked to speak in front of a large group of people. Although it sounds a little scary, even those with stage fright can speak successfully to the group with adequate preparation. Practice your speech before the big day. 1 If possible, practice the speech in front of a friend or family member to get used to saying it to real people. If you feel you must have note cards, limit the amount to about three cards. This will force you to keep your speech brief and help you keep your eyes focused on your audience. Remember why you’ve been invited to speak. If you’re battling fear over speaking to a large group of people, keep your mind on the fact that you were selected for this important role. The speech organizers must have seen something valuable in you or your expertise. 2 Remember that fear of public speaking is very common. 3 Most of the people in the audience would be feeling the same fear and stress that you do in your position. Knowing this may make you feel better. 4 What you say should be tailored(专门的) to why you’re there and who you’re speaking to in order to avoid sounding general. If speaking to a charity group,mention the good work certain specific individuals have done for the cause. If speaking at a business conference, briefly state why you want to help these people. Keep eye contact with the crowd. 5 Pick one person in each section and look at him while you’re speaking. After each important point in your speech, switch your focus to another section. When you focus only on one person at a time, the size of the crowd isn’t as frightening. A. A good memory is really helpful. B. Show appreciation to your audience. C. Mention your audience in your speech. D. The more you have it memorized, the better. E. In fact, it’s normal to feel awkward or stressed out before a big speech. F. Separate the crowd into three sections mentally as you get up to speak. G. The knowledge of other people’s respect for you should reduce some of the fear. 【答案】1. D 2. G 3. E 4. C 5. F 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了在你的生活中，有时你可能会被要求在一大群人面前发言。在充分准备的情况下，你一样可以成功地与大家交谈。 1. 根据上文“Practice your speech before the big day.(在那个重大的日子到来之前，练习你的演讲)”以及下文“If you feel you must have note cards, limit the amount to about three cards(如果你觉得你必须有便签卡，那么将数量限制在三张左右)”可知，上下文说的是要记住演讲的内容，与D项“The more you have it memorized, the better.(你记住的越多越好)”表达的含义一致，故选D项。 2. 根据上文“The speech organizers must have seen something valuable in you or your expertise.(演讲组织者一定从你或你的专业知识中看到了一些有价值的东西)”可知，此处上下文讲的是通过别人对你的尊重减少你的恐惧，与G项“The knowledge of other people’s respect for you should reduce some of the fear.(知道别人对你的尊重应该会减少一些恐惧)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。 3. 根据上文“Remember that fear of public speaking is very common.(请记住，害怕公开演讲是很常见的)”可知，害怕公开演讲是一件常见的事，这是事实情况，与E项“In fact,it’s normal to feel awkward or stressed out before a big speech.(事实上，在发表重要演讲之前感到尴尬或压力过大是很正常的)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。 4. 根据下文“If speaking at a business conference, briefly state why you want to help these people.(如果在商务会议上发言，简要说明你为什么要帮助这些人)”可知，在演讲中，要提及听众，与C项“Mention your audience in your speech(在演讲中提及听众)”表达的含义一致，故选C项。 5. 根据下文“Pick one person in each section and look at him while you’re speaking. After each important point in your speech, switch your focus to another section(在每一部分中挑选一个人，在讲话时看着他。在演讲的每一个要点之后，将注意力转移到另一部分)”可知，此处上下文讲的是将听众分成几个部分，与F项“Separate the crowd into three sections mentally as you get up to speak.(当你起身发言时，在心理上将人群分成三部分)”表达的含义一致，故选F项。 Passage 4 World Peace Day falls on September 21 every year. It’s a day to lay down our guns in war areas. Some organizations provide care for the unfortunate people in these areas on World Peace Day when activities are organized to support world peace. 1 Enjoy a minute of silence. At noon of the day, one minute of silence will be held worldwide. During that minute, fall silent and reflect on a more peaceful world. 2 And honor those still fighting for peace. Donate to charity. Many people are struggling for survival worldwide. Considering marking World Peace Day with a show of support. There are thousands of charities that are working for world peace, and global development. 3 It will help many people in need. 4 Gather your friends, family, neighbors and also your “enemies”  together, and have a World Peace Day picnic or a World Peace Day dinner. Enjoy yourselves while eating, drinking, dancing, talking and playing games. Strengthen your relationships and enjoy peace. Plant a tree. Millions of people have planted trees for peace since the first World Peace Day. Trees are more than just a symbol of tolerance, patience and renewal(复苏). 5 Many conflicts result from the worsening of our environment. Planting trees can help protect the environment and thus keep the peace. A. Support one like the Red Cross. B. Throw a World Peace Day party. C. However, the world is not peaceful. D. Remember those who lost their lives for peace. E. Trees can also be used for shelter from the storm. F. They have a practical purpose in keeping peace, too. G. Here are a few simple ways to celebrate World Peace Day. 【答案】1. G 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. F 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了几种庆祝世界和平日的方式。 1. 上文“Some organizations provide care for the unfortunate people in these areas on World Peace Day when activities are organized to support world peace.(一些组织在世界和平日组织支持世界和平的活动，为这些地区不幸的人们提供照顾)”提到一些组织在世界和平日组织支持世界和平的活动，下文是庆祝世界和平日的具体方法，G项“这里有一些庆祝世界和平日的简单方法”承上启下，符合语境，故选G。 2. 上文“During that minute, fall silent and reflect on a more peaceful world.(在这一分钟里，安静下来，思考一个更加和平的世界)”提到，在一分钟的默哀中思考一个更和平的世界，结合下文“And honor those still fighting for peace.(向那些仍在为和平而战的人们致敬)”可知，D项“记住那些为和平而牺牲的人”符合语境，和下文都是描述为和平而战斗的人，故选D。 3. 根据本段主题句“Donate to charity.(向慈善机构捐款)”可知，本段主要讲向慈善机构捐款，A项“支持红十字会这样的组织”符合语境，下文“It will help many people in need.(它将帮助许多需要帮助的人)”描述这样做的好处，故选A。 4. 根据下文“Gather your friends, family, neighbors and also your ‘enemies’  together, and have a World Peace Day picnic or a World Peace Day dinner.(把你的朋友、家人、邻居和你的‘敌人’聚集在一起，来一次世界和平日野餐或世界和平日晚餐)”可知，本段是说在世界和平日举办一个聚会，B项“举办世界和平日聚会”符合语境，故选B。 5. 根据上文“Trees are more than just a symbol of tolerance, patience and renewal (复苏).(树木不仅仅是宽容、耐心和新生的象征)”可知，空处应是接着说树木还有什么作用，F项“它们也有维护和平的实际目的”符合语境，引起下文“Many conflicts result from the worsening of our environment. Planting trees can help protect the environment and thus keep the peace.(许多冲突是由我们环境的恶化引起的。植树可以帮助保护环境，从而维护和平)”内容，下文是具体解释树木如何有助于维护和平，故选F。 Passage 5 It is never too late to develop great study habits. However, starting to make some changes is hard. Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades, you’re probably having trouble getting started in the first place! 1 . Plan your time carefully. Make a list of your weekly tasks. Make a schedule of your time. Then decide on good, regular time for studying. 2 , but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time. Find a good place to study. Choose one place for your study area. It may be a desk or a chair at home or in the school library, but it should be comfortable and quiet. When you begin to work, you should be able to concentrate on the subject. Skim before you read. 3 . As you preview the material, you get some idea of the passage and how it is organized. 4 . Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says. Develop a good attitude to tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject. 5 . Tests provide grades, but they also let you know that you need to spend more time studying. There are other skills that might help you with your study. Share with your classmates some of the skills you have found to be helpful. A. Study regularly B. Make good use of your time in class C. There are several ways that can help you D. Develop a positive lifestyle by setting realistic goals E. This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems F. This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully G. The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry too much about your grade 【答案】1. C 2. E 3. F 4. B 5. G 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何在学校里养成好的学习习惯。 1. 根据上文“It is never too late to develop great study habits. However, starting to make some changes is hard. Even if you want to do well enough in school and improve your grades, you’re probably having trouble getting started in the first place!(培养良好的学习习惯永远不会太晚。然而，开始做出一些改变是困难的。即使你想在学校做得足够好，提高你的成绩，你可能在开始的时候就有困难！)”可知，想要提高成绩是困难的，后文各段首句给出了具体方法让你形成良好的学习习惯，空白处承上启下，只要通过正确方法养成良好习惯，就能提高成绩，即以下是具体方法，C项“There are several ways that can help you(有几种方法可以帮助你)”引起了下文的具体方法，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选C。 2. 上文“Make a list of your weekly tasks.(列一个每周任务清单。)”说到要列任务清单，后文“but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time(但它会让你更加意识到你是如何度过你的时间的)”讲这样做的好处，空白处要承接上文，又要与后文是转折关系，所以应该填的是周计划存在的缺点，E项“This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems(这个每周计划可能不能解决你所有的问题)”承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 3. 空前“Skim before you read.(阅读前先略读。)”说明在阅读前要略读，空格处应该说什么是略读，F选项“This means looking over a passage quickly before you begin to read it more carefully(这意味着在你开始更仔细地阅读一篇文章之前，要快速浏览一遍)”说明了什么是略读，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选F。 4. 空格处是本段主题句，结合前后段落的主题句都是祈使句，优先考虑祈使句的选项，根据后文“Listening to what the teacher says in class means less work later. Taking notes helps you remember what the teacher says.(在课堂上听老师讲课意味着以后少做作业。记笔记可以帮助你记住老师说的话。)”可知，本段说明利用好课堂时间，认真听课，做笔记的重要性。根据其他段落首句特征可知，此处用祈使句，B项“Make good use of your time in class(好好利用你的课堂时间)”概括了本段内容，可作为主题句。故选B。 5. 根据上文“Develop a good attitude to tests. The purpose of a test is to show what you have learned about a subject.(培养良好的考试态度。考试的目的是显示你对某门学科的了解程度。)”可知，空白处应该说明对考试应有的正确态度，即不要太担心考试，G项“The world won’t end if you don’t pass a test, so don’t worry too much about your grade(考试不及格并不是世界末日，所以不要太担心你的成绩)”承接上文，符合语境，故选G。 Passage 6 How to Handle Being the New Kid at School Being the new kid at school can be a terrible experience! It might seem like everybody else knows exactly how to act. But remember you aren’t alone. Actually, everybody is nervous on their first day and you can fit right in with the help of the following tips. Plan ahead the night before. 1 Lay out your first day outfit(全套服装), pack a lunch, and make sure you have all your school supplies ready to go. Planning ahead can help you get a good night’s sleep and feel less nervous about your first day. 2 Make sure your clothes are cleaned and pressed and that you’ve showered, brushed your teeth. If you’re hoping to attract friends with similar interests, try wearing a shirt with your favorite show, musician, or sports team on it. 3 Do your best to stay calm and positive. It’s normal to feel nervous or anxious when you’re the new kid at school. If you feel nervous, start by taking some deep breaths. 4 You can listen to music that makes you feel calm or happy. Try imagining a good first day in your mind instead of keeping thinking about things that could go wrong. 5 Don’t come in on the first day with your head hanging down, your shoulders lowered, and your eyes on the floor. Walk with your head held up, your back straight, and a bright expression on your face. Make eye contact with other people, and smile if they look at you or speak to you. A. Use your body language to show confidence. B. Introduce yourself to your teachers and classmates. C. Choose clothes that make you feel great. D. This can be an easy way to start a talk and break the ice a little. E. You should keep talking and let people know that you are friendly. F. Remember that everyone is the new kid at some point and that it’s not a big deal G. You’ll feel less worried if everything is ready before you wake up for your first day.. 【答案】1. G 2. C 3. D 4. F 5. A 【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲了孩子们如何美好的度过开学第一天，作者介绍了一些窍门。 1. 上文Plan ahead the night before.说前一天晚上提前做准备，该空承接上文，G选项“你在第一天醒来之前，如果一切都准备好，你会减少焦虑”切题，故选G。 2. 下文Make sure your clothes are cleaned and pressed and that you’ve showered, brushed your teeth.说明了选择什么样的衣服，该空引出下文，C选项“选择你感觉好的衣服”切题，故选C。 3. 上文If you’re hoping to attract friends with similar interests, try wearing a shirt with your favorite show, musician, or sports team on it.讲了如何吸引有相同兴趣的朋友，该空承接上文，D选项“这是一种开始说话和打破沉默的容易的方法”切题，故选D。 4. 上文If you feel nervous, start by taking some deep breaths.和下文 You can listen to music that makes you feel calm or happy.都讲了缓解紧张的方法，该空承上启下，F选项“记得每个人在某个时刻都是一个新小孩，没什么大不了”切题，故选F。 5. 根据下文Don’t come in on the first day with your head hanging down, your shoulders lowered, and your eyes on the floor. Walk with your head held up, your back straight, and a bright expression on your face. Make eye contact with other people, and smile if they look at you or speak to you.这一段主要讲了使用身势语，不要在第一天进来时就低着头，垂着肩膀，眼睛盯着地板。你应该抬起头，挺直背，并且与他人进行眼神交流。A选项“使用你的身势语表现你的自信”切题，故选A。 Passage 7 There’s no doubt that when it comes to friendship，you want positive people in your life and not negatives ones. 1 . Support when you need it. With positive friends，you don’t need to beg for help when you need it because chances are they will be there for you without asking. 2 . Health benefits of being positive. The more positive friends you have，the better you will be at remaining optimistic yourself. 3 . For example，it helps people to deal with stress and illness better. Health benefits may include lower rates of depression，a greater ability to throw off colds，and a reduced risk of developing disease. Bring out the best in you. 4 . This means trying new things，achieving goals，and having the kind of life you dreamed of for yourself. With positive people in your life，you’11 feel more comfortable sharing your goals because your friends will give you the emotional push you need to go after what you want in life. Attracting More Positive FriendsYou naturally attract the kinds of friends who are most like you. So if you’re a downer，you’11 probably find that negative people flock to you. 5 . The more you are able to maintain a positive attitude，the more likeminded people you’11 attract in return. A. Here are some benefits of spending time with positive friends. B. That’s why you’d better surround yourself with positive friends. C. In most cases，they will go out of their way to help you when you’re in trouble. D. The same is true for being positive. E. As we all know，there are many benefits of being optimistic. F. Your positive friends will inspire you to be the best you can be. G. Most of the time，you have to ask them to help you when in trouble. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. E 4. F 5. B 【语篇解读】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了如何交朋友的一些方式，跟积极乐观的朋友交往有很好的帮助。 1. 根据后文“Support when you need it. ”可知讲述的是朋友会在需要的时候帮助你，选项C意为，C项中“help”与“support”一致，因此推断C项“在大多数情况下, 当你遇到了麻烦他们会用自己的方式去帮助你”符合语境，故选C。 2. 根据上文“With positive friends，you don’t need to beg for help when you need it because chances are they will be there for you without asking. (与积极的朋友在一起，当你需要帮助的时候，你不需要乞求，因为很可能无需询问随时为你服务。)”可知这是讲跟积极乐观的朋友一起对自己有好处，而选项A表达的就是这个意思，故选A 3. 根据上文“Health benefits of being positive”可知这段是讲述变得积极乐观对健康有好处，选项E中的“benefits of being optimistic”与此处一致，因此推断E项符合语境，故选E。 4. 根据下文“This means trying new things，achieving goals，and having the kind of life you dreamed of for yourself. ”可知这意味着尝试新事物，实现目标，并拥有你梦寐以求的生活。因此推断此处讲述尝试新事物，成为更好的自己。F项“你的积极向上的朋友会激励你成为最好的自己”，符合句意，故选F。 5. 前文讲述积极乐观的朋友交往有很好的帮助，而选项B意为“这就是为什么要跟积极乐观的朋友相处”，符合语境，故选B Passage 8 When you’re meeting someone new, concentrate your full attention on him. 1 Instead, look the person in the eye, shake hands, and listen carefully to his whole name as it’s said. Ask Speak the name back to the person in the form of a question. “Hi, I’m Katherine. I’m sorry, did you say Don or Dom?” Or “Robert, is it? Nice to meet you. I’m Katherine.” 2 Thus, by repeating the name this way, you’re increasing your chances of remembering it. To up the odds even more, try working in another question if possible: “Are you Stephen with a ‘ph’ or a ‘v’?” “Ty...Is that short for Tyler?” Associate 3 If your new acquaintance goes by Bill, make quick mental associations with famous people named Bill, relatives named Bill, or any other kind of bill. Creating mental connections and supporting them with a statement said aloud further cements the name in your memory. Employ After repeating the name and then commenting on it, use it once or twice more in conversation. Do this either by addressing the person directly or referring to him while speaking to someone else (“Hey, Jim! Bill and I were just talking about that new Brad Pitt movie!”) 4 Be careful not to overuse the name, though, since that can come off as awkward or insincere. Using a person’s name is a key to opening doors for you and to maintaining an initial rapport(和谐的关系) that could make this person a new friend for life or a lifelong business partner. 5 A. You can write down the name when it is necessary. B. When the conversation ends, use the person’s name again. C. The brain responds more actively when a question is answered. D. Whenever you are introduced to someone, keep your mind on it. E. Don’t race ahead in your mind to come up with something to say. F. Next, tell yourself something about the name to ensure that it sticks. G. Make the decision to start remembering people’s names from today! 【答案】1. E 2. C 3. F 4. B 5. G 【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几种帮助人记住对方名字的方法和策略。 1. 根据后文“Instead, look the person in the eye, shake hands, and listen carefully to his whole name as it’s said.(相反，看着这个人的眼睛，与他握手，认真地听他说他的全名。)”可知，后文提到要认真听对方介绍他的名字，且根据Instead可知，此空应与空后形成对比，故E项“不要马上思考应该说些什么。”符合，不要马上思考应该要说些什么，而是要看着这个人的眼睛，认真听他介绍他的名字，故选E项。 2. 根据本段小标题“Ask(询问)”可知，本段主要介绍通过“询问”的方式来记住对方的名字，且根据空前“Speak the name back to the person in the form of a question. “Hi, I’m Katherine. I’m sorry, did you say Don or Dom?” Or “Robert, is it? Nice to meet you. I’m Katherine.” (以提问的方式把名字说给对方听。“嗨，我是Katherine，不好意思，你说的是Don还是Dom?”或者“是Robert吗？很高兴见到你，我是Katherine。”)”可知，空前通过举例的方式，具体介绍了如何通过问问题的方式将名字说给对方听，故C项“当一个问题得到回答时，大脑的反应会更加活跃”符合，此空提出原因，当问题得到回答时，大脑的反应更加活跃，从而记得更牢，故选C项。 3. 根据本段小标题“Associate (联想)”可知，本段主要介绍另一个方法——通过联想的方式来记住对方的名字。故F项“接下来，告诉自己一些关于这个名字的事情，以确保它能被记住。”符合，位于本段首句，且与上一段构成递进的关系，故选F项。 4. 根据本段小标题“Employ(运用)”可知，本段主要介绍通过运用的方法来记住名字。且根据空后“Be careful not to overuse the name, though, since that can come off as awkward or insincere.(但是要注意，不要过度使用这个名字，因为这可能会让人觉得尴尬或者不真诚。)”可知，空后是B项“对话结束时，再次使用这个名字。”的顺义承接，对话结束时，再次使用这个名词，但要注意的是，不要过度使用，以免引起不必要的尴尬，故选B项。 5. 根据空前“Using a person’s name is a key to opening doors for you and to maintaining an initial rapport(和谐的关系) that could make this person a new friend for life or a lifelong business partner.(使用一个人的名字是为你打开大门和保持最初融洽关系的关键，这可能会让这个人成为你的新朋友或者终生的商业伙伴。)”可知，最后一段对前文做出总结，说明了记住一个人的名字的好处，故G项“从今天开始，下定决心，记住人们的名字吧。”符合，放在文章末尾，呼吁大家行动起来，记住他人的名字，故选G项。 Passage 9 Sometimes in life, we keep making the same mistakes over and over again, without learning a lesson, till reality strikes us. Other times, some decisions are very hard, so we often end up feeling we could have gone the other way. 1 Life is limited, and it is better to learn some life lessons. Be full of confidence. Successful people don't just gain confidence after achieving success. Instead, they have made achievements as they always believe in themselves. 2 3 If you agree to do things even if you don't want to, you will welcome more stress in your life. This is why you must be able to and have the courage to turn someone down in a polite way whenever you are not totally ready to do something you are asked to. Be responsible for your life. 4 Other people may advise you or influence you but they cannot force you to determine what you should do. Stay away from people who always drag you down. We tend to be with people who inspire us or who make us feel better, but sometimes we end up spending time with those who don't appreciate us . 5 Or you will end up feeling worthless for yourself. A. Be brave and willing to say “No”. B. Then what we are left with is regret. C. Accomplish the more urgent tasks-first. D. It is time to cut those people out of your life. E. Avoid things that prevent your concentration. F. It's your responsibility to take charge of your life, so don't always rely on others to determine what your life will be like. G. To overcome all the obstacles in your way, you need to trust yourself to get out of your comfort zone and that requires confidence. 【答案】1. B 2. G 3. A 4. F 5. D 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了最好吸取的一些人生的教训。 1. 根据上文“Sometimes in life, we keep making the same mistakes over and over again, without learning a lesson, till reality strikes us. Other times, some decisions are very hard, so we often end up feeling we could have gone the other way.”(有时在生活中，我们不断犯同样的错误，没有吸取教训，直到现实打击我们。其他时候，一些决定是非常困难的，所以我们经常最终觉得我们可以走另一条路)可知，备受打击之后剩下的就是遗憾了，所以为了不遗憾，我们要吸取教训。故B选项“那我们剩下的就是遗憾了”切题。故选B项。 2. 根据上文“Successful people don't just gain confidence after achieving success. Instead, they have made achievements as they always believe in themselves.”(成功的人不仅仅是在取得成功后才获得信心。相反，他们取得了成就，因为他们始终相信自己。)可知，选项承接上文说明自信的重要性。故G选项“为了克服前进道路上的所有障碍，你需要相信自己走出舒适区，这需要信心。”切题。故选G项。 3. 根据下文“This is why you must be able to and have the courage to turn someone down in a polite way whenever you are not totally ready to do something you are asked to.”( 这就是为什么当你还没有完全准备好去做别人要求你做的事情时，你必须能够并且有勇气礼貌地拒绝别人。)可知，本段告诉我们要敢于拒绝。故A选项“勇敢地说“不””切题。故选A项。 4. 根据标题“Be responsible for your life.”(对自己的生活负责)可知，选项与标题话题一致，说明对自己的生活负责的具体体现。故F选项“掌控自己的生活是你的责任，所以不要总是依赖别人来决定你的生活会是什么样子”切题。故选F项。 5. 根据上文“We tend to be with people who inspire us or who make us feel better, but sometimes we end up spending time with those who don't appreciate us .”(我们倾向于和那些激励我们或让我们感觉更好的人在一起，但有时我们最终会和那些不欣赏我们的人在一起。)可知选项承接上文说明我们应该如何处理和这些人的关系。故D选项“是时候把这些人从你的生活中剔除了”切题。故选D项。 Passage 10 Why is Eating Colourful Food Good for You? Most of us are faced with the same choice numerous times a day: what to eat. Along with price, accessibility and preference, we'll often use a food's healthfulness to help us make a decision. 1 It's widely accepted by researchers that we need a varied diet. 2 Blue is colour the best guide to getting all the nutrients(营养)we need?The proof may be in the Mediterranean diet, which contains a lot of fruit, vegetables and healthy fats such as extra virgin olive oil, and is frequently rated the healthiest diet by scientists. Eating lots of colors may lower your risk of missing out on all important nutrients. If we’re missing a colour of the rainbow, we may be missing a function of that food, says Minich. 3 Blue and purple foods, including blueberries are linked to lowering the risk of heart disease and type 2diabetes(糖尿病).Yellow foods reduce the risk of heart disease. Tian-shin Yeh, research fellow at Harvard TH Chan School of Public: Health says eating a colourful diet can also help people avoid possible side effects of eating too much of one food.“ 4 For example, research has found that orange juice is associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline(认知衰退), but too much intake is associated with type 2 diabetes,” she says. Eating a rainbow diet may also be complex(复杂的). 5 We may find it hard to make choices. We also need to eat from other food groups to get all the nutrients we need, such as protein. A. Food is very complex. B. A varied diet is packed with different vegetables. C. It could be really tricky to get every colour every day. D. But how do we know we're getting enough nutrients? E. Different coloured foods come with different benefits. F. And one way to do this is by eating all the colors of the rainbow. G. Will a more colourful diet increase the risk of overeating unhealthy food? 【答案】1. D 2. F 3. E 4. A 5. C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了吃色彩丰富的食物对我们的健康有益。 1. 根据上文“Most of us are faced with the same choice numerous times a day: what to eat. Along with price, accessibility and preference, we’ll often use a food’s healthfulness to help us make a decision. (我们大多数人每天都会多次面临同样的选择：吃什么。除了价格、可及性和偏好，我们经常会用食物的健康程度来帮助我们做出决定。)”可知，接下来作者要谈论如何选择食物的健康程度。选项D“But how do we know we’re getting enough nutrients?(但是，我们如何知道我们获取了足够的营养呢？)”和上文意思一致。故选D。 2. 根据上文“It’s widely accepted by researchers that we need a varied diet. (研究者们认为我们需要各种各样的饮食。)”可知，这一段指出，我们需要丰富多元的饮食。选项F“And one way to do this is by eating all the colors of the rainbow. (做到这的一个方法是通过吃色彩丰富的食物。)”和上文意思一致。F项中的this指代了本段第一句中的a varied diet，实现了照应，而空后句中的proof也照应了本空中提出的一种方案。故选F。 3. 根据下文“Blue and purple foods, including blueberries are linked to lowering the risk of heart disease and type 2diabetes (糖尿病).Yellow foods reduce the risk of heart disease. (包括蓝莓在内的蓝色和紫色食物可以降低患心脏病和2型糖尿病的风险。黄色食物可以降低心脏病的风险。)”可知，本段列举了蓝色、紫色和黄色食物如何对人体有益的例子，故本段的主题句应该陈述不同颜色的食物对人体有不同的好处。选项E“Different coloured foods come with different benefits. (不同颜色的食物有不同的好处。)”和下文意思一致。故选E。 4. 根据下文“For example, research has found that orange juice is associated with a lower risk of cognitive decline(认知衰退), but too much intake is associated with type 2 diabetes,” she says. (例如，研究发现橙汁与认知能力下降的风险较低有关，但摄入过多与2型糖尿病有关，”她说。)”可知，研究发现，橙汁可以降低认知能力下降的风险，但是摄入太多会导致二型糖尿病。这说明我们不能用一个标准来衡量食物。选项A“Food is very complex.(食物是非常复杂的。)”和下文意思一致。故选A。 5. 根据上文“Eating a rainbow diet may also be complex (复杂的). (色彩丰富的饮食是复杂的。)”和下文“We also need to eat from other food groups to get all the nutrients we need, such as protein. (我们还需要从其他食物类别中摄取所需的营养素，比如蛋白质。)”可知，每天吃遍每一种颜色的食物也是很难办到的，而且要摄取其他食物中的营养。选项C“It could be really tricky to get every colour every day. (要每天都弄到每一种颜色的食物可能很困难。)”承上启下，符合题意。故选C。 Passage 11 The things that you do, words that you say, and feelings that you express, contribute to your children’s level of confidence. 1 , then read on. Love and acceptance We know that you love your children. But do they know that you love them, accept them just as they are, and respect them? Give your children plenty of love even if you are not able to do it all the time. 2 . Unconditional love will help them grow into a confident human being. 3 Nobody is perfect. But to raise a confident child, you should not stress too much on the shortcomings. Positive parenting focuses on developing what is good in a child, and making him or her feel empowered. If your children feel defeated by disappointments in life, help them look at the bright side by talking about their success. Let them make decisions 4 . It also empowers children as it gives them the ability to choose something. But they don’t have the ability of an adult and may not know how to reach a decision all by themselves. Praise when they deserve it It is easy to blame a child when he or she does something wrong. And we never forget to do that. But when the child does something right, we don’t always praise him or her. We are not talking about praising the child for every little thing he or she does well. 5 . A. Make full use of the advantage B. Focus on strengths, deal with weaknesses C. Your children need to know that they are loved and accepted D. Decision making is an important life skill that children need to learn to be confident E. If you want to do and say the right things to help build confidence in your children F. But if the child has put in the effort and achieved something, appreciate it G. When you are not aware of the importance of making yourself confident 【答案】1. E 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. F 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些帮助孩子建立自信的方法。 1. 根据上文“The things that you do, words that you say, and feelings that you express, contribute to your children’s level of confidence. (你做的事情，你说的话，你表达的感受，有助于你孩子的自信程度)”和下午“then read on (然后继续往下读。)”，可知设空处承上启下，选项E“如果你想做正确的事，说正确的话来帮助你的孩子建立信心”符合题意，并且选项中的“build confidence”呼应上文“confidence”，而且能和下文构成完整的句子，故选E。 2. 本段小标题“Love and acceptance (爱与接纳)”以及上文“But do they know that you love them, accept them just as they are, and respect them? Give your children plenty of love even if you are not able to do it all the time. (但是他们知道你爱他们，接受他们本来的样子，尊重他们吗?给你的孩子足够的爱，即使你不能一直这样做。)”可知设空处应和爱与接纳有关，C选项“你的孩子需要知道他们是被爱和被接受的。”符合本段主题，并且选项中的“loved and accepted”呼应主题，故选C。 3. 设空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Nobody is perfect. But to raise a confident child, you should not stress too much on the shortcomings. Positive parenting focuses on developing what is good in a child, and making him or her feel empowered. If your children feel defeated by disappointments in life, help them look at the bright side by talking about their success. (人无完人。但要培养一个自信的孩子，你不应该过分强调缺点。积极的父母教育注重培养孩子的优点，让他或她感到有力量。如果你的孩子被生活中的失望打败了，通过谈论他们的成功来帮助他们看到光明的一面。)”可知本段讲述对待孩子要关注优点，不要过分强调缺点，B选项“关注优点，克服缺点”符合本段主旨，故选B。 4. 根据小标题“Let them make decisions(让他们做决定)”可知，空处内容与让孩子作决定有关，D选项“为了自信，做决定是孩子们需要学会一项重要的生活技能。”符合题意，故选D。 5. 根据上文“It is easy to blame a child when he or she does something wrong. And we never forget to do that. But when the child does something right, we don’t always praise him or her. We are not talking about praising the child for every little thing he or she does well. (当孩子做错事时，很容易责怪他。我们永远不会忘记这样做。但是当孩子做了正确的事情时，我们并不总是表扬他或她。我们并不是说要因为孩子做得好的每一件小事就表扬他。)”可推断下文应该何时对孩子进行表扬，F选项“但如果孩子付出了努力，取得了一些成绩，那就赞赏。”符合题意，并且紧扣本段小标题“在他们值得表扬的时候表扬他们”，故选F。 Passage 12 Throwing a party is a great way to get all your favorite people in one place for music, conversation, of course, food. 1 , when you are the one planning the party. Not to worry; your planning will be a breeze if you plan ahead of time and take the process course by course, from appetizers(开胃菜) to desserts. Ask your guests about food restrictions before you start preparing food. For guests with food allergies or on diets, ask them to make their own restrictions clear. And ask if any guests are vegetarians and provide dishes accordingly. 2 . Choose an appetizer-only meal for a relaxing inexpensive party. You’ll save money and preparation time, and be able to socialize more with your guests. 3 , so guests aren’t thrown off when no main course is served. You’ll want to offer your guests some variety of taste in your appetizers for a more satisfying meal. 4 . If your appetizers are just the start of a more formal meal with a main course, you keep it a bit simpler. Plan just a few handful of chips and a couple of cookies for your each guest, if you’re serving a main course afterwards. Prepare fruits and vegetables. Many guests will want a fresh, healthy option to start off a meal. A fruit tray or veggie platter with carrots, cucumbers, and broccoli is an easy and colorful addition to your appetizer spread. 5 . Besides, you’d better offer quick snacks like nuts, or chips. A. Serve a substantial main course if necessary B. Serve light, simple snacks before a main course C. You should detail it on the invitation that only appetizers will be served D. So you should make thoughtful preparations for each of your guests E. It’s a good idea to have a few vegetarian options available regardless F. But it can be stressful to prepare food for guests with all different preferences G. Look for ripe fruits and fresh vegetables that are in season for the best tasting ingredients 【答案】1. F 2. E 3. C 4. B 5. G 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍如何准备聚会的食物。 1. 根据下文“Not to worry; your planning will be a breeze if you plan ahead of time and take the process course by course, from appetizers (开胃菜) to desserts.(不要担心；如果你提前计划，从开胃菜到甜点，一道菜接着一道菜地做，你的计划就会变得轻而易举)”可知，空处应是描述一个关于聚会食物的难题，F项“但为各种不同喜好的客人准备食物会让人压力很大”符合语境。故选F项。 2. 根据上文“And ask if any guests are vegetarians and provide dishes accordingly.(询问客人是否素食，并提供相应的菜肴)”可知，要准备一些素食，E项“无论如何，有一些素食选择是一个好主意”承接上文，符合语境。故选E项。 3. 根据上文“Choose an appetizer-only meal for a relaxing inexpensive party. You’ll save money and preparation time, and be able to socialize more with your guests.(为一个轻松而便宜的聚会选择只有开胃菜的餐点。这样既能省钱，又能节省准备时间，还能和客人进行更多的社交)”可知，举办只有开胃菜的聚会有很多好处，结合空后“so guests aren’t thrown off when no main course is served(这样客人们就不会在没有主菜的时候被吓跑了)”可知，虽然举办只有开胃菜的聚会有很多好处，但是也要将这一情况告知客人，否则会吓跑客人，C项“你应该在请柬上详细说明只提供开胃菜”符合语境。故选C项。 4. 空处是段落主题句，根据本段中“Plan just a few handful of chips and a couple of cookies for your each guest, if you’re serving a main course afterwards.(如果之后要上主菜的话，给每位客人准备几片薯片和几块饼干)”可知，本段是讲在上主食前提供一些简单的小吃。B项“主菜前提供清淡、简单的小吃”符合语境。故选B项。 5. 根据上文“A fruit tray or veggie platter with carrots, cucumbers, and broccoli is an easy and colorful addition to your appetizer spread.(一个水果盘或蔬菜盘，胡萝卜，黄瓜和西兰花是添加到你开胃菜里的一个简单且丰富多彩的选择)”可知，可在开胃菜提供一些水果和蔬菜，G项“寻找当季成熟的水果和新鲜的蔬菜，品尝最好的食材”符合语境，故选G项。 Passage 13 Studies continue to show how important strong friendships are to our overall health. Here’re the rules you are supposed to know to keep strong and healthy friendships. 1 Everyone needs a support network. When you consider yourself the friend of another, you’re implicitly offering to be a part of his or her support network. What’s more, without trust and honesty, there is no authenticity(真实性) to the friendship. Be all ears to your friends. Too often, we only “half hear” what others are telling us, and have a hard time making space for caring about others’ conditions. 2 If we don’t truly know what our friends need or can’t clearly express how we feel or what we need, friendships won’t survive or continue. Throw away the judgment. 3 Good friends are able to realize that everyone is human. Friends don’t have to necessarily “like” or “approve” of their friends’ choices, but good friends will accept their friends’ choices no matter what. Forgive(原谅) where you can — and seek forgiveness when you make a mess of something. No one promises to bring perfection to a relationship, so being willing to accept and forgive the weaknesses of others makes you more likely to build a lasting friendship. 4 Respect your friends and their boundaries. Everyone has a right to set up personal boundaries to feel safe and respected. Some friends may have a difficult time letting people get close to them for fear of being hurt. 5 Give them the space they need to feel comfortable, and let the relationship deepen over time. A. Don’t crowd your friends. B. Offer them what they need. C. Support, trust, and honesty are givens. D. But friendships don’t need to be perfect. E. True friends don’t judge each other’s choices. F. However, friendships require attention and care. G. It’s also important that we’re able to recognize when we make mistakes. 【答案】1. C 2. F 3. E 4. G 5. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些保持牢固且健康的友谊的规则。 1. 空处位于段首，是段落主旨句，需统领段落内容，且需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句的形式。根据后文“Everyone needs a support network. (每个人都需要一个支持网络)”和“What’s more, without trust and honesty, there is no authenticity (真实性) to the friendship. (更重要的是，没有信任和诚实，友谊就没有真实性)”可知，本段主要建议给朋友支持、信任和诚实，因此C项“Support, trust, and honesty are givens. (给予支持、信任和诚实)”符合语境，契合段落内容，其中的Support、trust和honesty在后文有同词复现。故选C。 2. 前文“Too often, we only “half hear” what others are telling us, and have a hard time making space for caring about others’ conditions. (很多时候，我们只“半听”别人对我们说的话，很难腾出空间去关心别人的情况)”指出存在不认真倾听和缺乏关心的问题，因此F项“However, friendships require attention and care. (然而，友谊需要关注和关心)”符合语境，点明需要提供关注和关心，承接前文的问题，其中的care和前文的caring呼应。故选F。 3. 前文“Throw away the judgment. (把评判抛诸脑后)”建议不要评判，因此E项“True friends don’t judge each other’s choices. (真正的朋友不会评判对方的选择)”符合语境，说明真正的友谊中不会有对对方选择的评判，承接前文，其中的judge呼应前文的judgment。故选E。 4. 前文“Forgive (原谅) where you can — and seek forgiveness when you make a mess of something. No one promises to bring perfection to a relationship, so being willing to accept and forgive the weaknesses of others makes you more likely to build a lasting friendship. (在你能原谅的地方原谅——当你把事情搞得一团糟的时候寻求原谅。没有人能保证让一段关系变得完美，所以愿意接受和原谅别人的缺点会让你更有可能建立一段持久的友谊)”建议原谅朋友和请求原谅，并解释原谅朋友的原因，因此G项“It’s also important that we’re able to recognize when we make mistakes. (同样重要的是，我们能够意识到自己犯了错误)”符合语境，说明要意识到自己犯错，承接段首句中的请求原谅。故选G。 5. 前文“Some friends may have a difficult time letting people get close to them for fear of being hurt. (有些朋友可能因为害怕受到伤害而很难让别人接近他们)”描述有些朋友不易让人接近的情况，后文“Give them the space they need to feel comfortable, and let the relationship deepen over time. (给他们足够的空间，让他们感到舒适，让这种关系随着时间的推移而加深)”建议给予这些朋友舒适的空间，因此A项“Don’t crowd your friends. (不要逼迫你的朋友)”符合语境，劝诫不要逼迫他们，承上启下。故选A。 Passage 14 Your mind is very powerful. Yet, if you’re like most people, you probably spend very little time reflecting on the way you think. After all, who thinks about thinking? 1 If you draw wrong conclusions about whom you are and what you’re capable of doing, you’ll limit your potential. Your thoughts are a catalyst(催化剂) for self-perpetuating(自我持续的) cycles. 2 So if you think you’re a failure, you’ll feel like a failure. Then, you’ll act like a failure, which strengthens your belief that you must be a failure. I see this happen all the time in my office. Someone will come in saying, “I’m just not good enough to advance in my career.” That opinion leads her to feel discouraged and causes her to put in less efforts. 3 Once you draw a conclusion about yourself, you’re likely to do two things: look for evidence that strengthens your belief and consider anything that runs against your belief unimportant. Someone who develops the belief that he’s a failure, for example, will view each mistake as evidence that he’s not good enough. 4 Consider for a minute that it might not be your lack of talent or lack of skills that are holding you back. Instead, it might be your beliefs that keep you from performing at your peak(巅峰). 5 That’s not to say positive thoughts have magical powers. But optimistic thoughts lead to productive act, which increases your chances of a successful outcome. A. When he does succeed, he’ll owe it to luck. B. Once that belief gets rooted in his mind, he will suffer a lot. C. That lack of efforts prevents her from having a better career. D. Creating a more positive thought can lead to better outcomes. E. What you think influences how you feel and how you behave. F. However, the way you think about yourself turns into your reality. G. If we make an effort on purpose, you can learn to think more positively. 【答案】1. F 2. E 3. C 4. A 5. D 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了人的思维方式对自我认识和自我发展的影响。 1. 根据上文“Your mind is very powerful. Yet, if you’re like most people, you probably spend very little time reflecting on the way you think. After all, who thinks about thinking?”(你的头脑很强大。然而，如果你和大多数人一样，你可能很少花时间反思你的思维方式。毕竟，谁会思考呢？)根据下文“If you draw wrong conclusions about whom you are and what you’re capable of doing, you’ll limit your potential.”(如果你对你是谁和你能做什么得出错误的结论，你会限制你的潜力)可知，你的思考方式会让你思考的东西变成现实。故F选项“然而，你对自己的看法会变成现实”故选F项。 2. 根据下文“So if you think you’re a failure, you’ll feel like a failure.”(所以，如果你认为自己是一个失败者，你会觉得自己是个失败者)可知，你的想法会影响你的感受和行为。下文是对上文的具体说明。故E选项“你的想法会影响你的感受和行为”切题。故选E项。 3. 根据上文“Someone will come in saying, “I’m just not good enough to advance in my career.” That opinion leads her to feel discouraged and causes her to put in less efforts.”(有人会进来说，“我只是不够优秀，无法在事业上取得进步。”这种观点会让她感到沮丧，并导致她付出更少的努力。)可知，选项承接上文说明上文导致的后果，故C选项“缺乏努力使她无法拥有更好的职业”切题。故选C项。 4. 根据上文“Someone who develops the belief that he’s a failure, for example, will view each mistake as evidence that he’s not good enough.”(例如，有人认为自己是个失败者，他会把每一个错误都视为自己不够优秀的证据。)可知，选项承接上文说明他把自己的成功会归因于什么。故A项“如果他真的成功了，那就要归功于运气了”切题。故选A项。 5. 根据下文“That’s not to say positive thoughts have magical powers. But optimistic thoughts lead to productive act, which increases your chances of a successful outcome.”(这并不是说积极的想法有魔力。但乐观的想法会带来富有成效的行为，这会增加你获得成功的机会。)可知，乐观的想法会带来富有成效的行为。故D选项“创造一个更积极的想法可以带来更好的结果”。故选D项。 Passage 15 When we walk the “path of life”, social life is very important. More often than not, close friendships can help us smooth out the sometimes rock y road that we are meant to travel. 1 : they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves. Through friendship, we can become happier, wiser and more satisfied humans. The first fruit is that they can comfort the heart, because the peace comes from having someone with whom we share our joy, sadness, success and failure. Here, friendship has a double advantage-happiness takes on a greater meaning and a trouble shared becomes a trouble halved! Naturally, this kind of openness results from a close friendship. With true friends, we feel free to share our joy and sadness in full measure. We know that our friends will both respect our feelings and treasure these moments of closeness. 2 The second one is 3 We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own. As a result, if we are guided only by our own feelings, our judgements might be one-sided. On the other hand, our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions that we all have to make. Also, when we want to talk our problems over with a friend, we have to put our thoughts into words first. This alone helps make our thoughts clearer and brings us a more thorough understanding of our problems. The third one is that they can help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves 4 Sometimes a friend is even known as our “second self”. There are so many things in life that can only be achieved with the help of friends. Friends may have many different ideas and skills. They can help us achieve what we want during life and, perhaps, even after death. Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. If we want to better walk the “path of life” with the comfort, advice and help from our trusted friends, 5 A. However, when we seek to be alone, we must be careful that we do not always escape into our own world. B. because friends may offer help in many different ways. C. In general, close friendships have three main “fruits”. D. we should choose friends and develop relationships carefully. E. Indeed, the human heart depends on such opportunities for comfort and protection. F. that they can advise the head because we may have better understanding and judgement that are achieved through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends. G. quiet periods of reflection can lead to personal improvement. 【答案】1. C 2. E 3. F 4. B 5. D 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了友谊给人们带来的三个好处。 1. 根据下文“they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves.(它们可以安慰我们的心，建议我们的头脑，帮助我们实现我们为自己设定的目标。)”可知，空处提出友谊带来三个好处，即安慰我们的心，建议我们的头脑，帮助我们实现目标。C项中的“three main “fruits””与下文的“comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals”对应。C项：In general, close friendships have three main “fruits”.(一般来说，亲密的友谊有三个主要的“果实”。)符合语境。故选C。 2. 根据上文“The first fruit is that they can comfort the heart, because the peace comes from having someone with whom we share our joy, sadness, success and failure.(第一个果实是，它们可以安慰心灵，因为平静来自于有人与我们分享我们的喜悦，悲伤，成功和失败。)”可知，友谊安慰心灵，从而使人类的心脏得到舒适和保护。E项：Indeed, the human heart depends on such opportunities for comfort and protection.(的确，人类的心脏依赖于这样的机会来获得舒适和保护。)符合语境。故选E。 3. 根据上文“they may comfort the heart, advise the head and help us achieve the goals we set for ourselves.(它们可以安慰我们的心，建议我们的头脑，帮助我们实现我们为自己设定的目标。)”可知，此处对应友谊带来的第二个果实，即“advise the head”，F项中的“that they can advise the head”与上文对应。F项：that they can advise the head because we may have better understanding and judgement that are achieved through conversations with well-meaning and wise friends.(他们可以给头脑提建议，因为通过与善意和明智的朋友交谈，我们可能会有更好的理解和判断。)符合语境。故选F。 4. 根据下文“Sometimes a friend is even known as our “second self”. There are so many things in life that can only be achieved with the help of friends. Friends may have many different ideas and skills.(有时朋友甚至被称为我们的“第二个自我”。生活中有很多事情只有在朋友的帮助下才能完成。朋友们可能有很多不同的想法和技能。)”可知，空处和上文形成因果关系，解释友谊可以帮助实现我们为自己设定的目标的原因。B项：because friends may offer help in many different ways.(因为朋友可以以许多不同的方式提供帮助。)符合语境。故选B。 5. 根据上文“Finally, it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.( 最后，应该指出的是，享受人群的陪伴和和朋友在一起是不一样的。)”可知，文章最后提示我们选择朋友和发展人际关系要谨慎。D项：we should choose friends and develop relationships carefully.(我们应该谨慎地选择朋友和发展人际关系。)符合语境。故选D。 23 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$