(预习部分)专题04 Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good(必修一）(知识全梳理&考点精准练)-【暑假自学课】2025年新高一英语暑假提升精品讲义（译林版2020）

专题04 Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good(必修一) (知识全梳理&考点精准练) 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：7大核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 重点单词 1. skip　　　 vt. 不做(应做的事情等); 跳过vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走; 略过 2. slim vi. 变苗条, 减肥 adj. 苗条的; 微薄的, 小的 3. concerned adj. 担心的, 忧虑的; 关注的, 关切的 4. prove linking v. 后来被发现是vt. 证明, 证实 5. diet n. 日常饮食; 节食vi. 节食, 进行规定饮食 6. function vi. 起作用, 正常工作, 运转 n. 作用, 功能, 职能 7. frightened adj. 害怕的, 惊吓的, 受惊的 8. contribute vi. & vt. 是……的原因之一; 捐赠, 捐献; 增加, 添加 9. memory n. 记忆力, 记性; 记忆, 回忆 10. attack n. 发作; 攻击; 抨击 vt. &vi. 攻击; 侵袭; 抨击 11. amount n. 数量 12. schedule n. 日程安排, 工作计划; 时间表 13. treatment n. 治疗; 对待, 待遇; 处理 14. content n. 内容; 目录 15. immediate adj. 立即的→immediately adv. 立即, 马上 16. concentrate vi. &vt. 集中(注意力、思想等); 全神贯注→concentration n. 专心, 专注 17. extreme adj. 极端的; 严重的 n. 极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)→extremely adv. 极其 18. effect n. 效果, 作用; 影响→effective adj. 有效的 19. slight adj. 轻微的→slightly adv. 稍微, 略微 20. energy n. 精力→energetic adj. 精力充沛的, 充满活力的 21. beauty n. 美, 美丽; 美人, 美好的东西→beautiful adj. 美丽的 22. fashion n. 时尚, 时兴; 流行款式→fashionable adj. 时尚的 23. talent n. 天资, 天赋; 人才, 天才→ talented adj. 天才的; 有天赋的 重点短语 1. slim down　　　 变苗条, 减肥  2. side effect 副作用  3. take in 摄入, 吸收  4. get into shape 强身健体   5. in the short/long term 从短期/长期看  6. plastic surgery 整形手术; 整形外科  7. in addition 此外  8. hang over 使忧心忡忡, 担心可能发生  9. guard against 防范, 防止, 提防   10. fight a losing battle 打一场无望取胜的仗   11. live up to 达到, 符合, 不辜负  12. end up 最终成为, 最终处于  13. take pride in 为……自豪, 为……骄傲  重点句型 1. have trouble (in) doing sth. She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.  她告诉我她很难在课堂上集中注意力。 2. it作形式主语 However, for those who are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly. 然而, 对于那些体重严重超标的人来说, 努力并合理地减肥是非常重要的。 3. the way后接定语从句 Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance. 你的朋友也影响你看待自己外貌的方式。 单元语法 由关系副词引导的限制性定语从句 关系副词在引导定语从句时, 其功能相当于介词短语, 在从句中作状语。引导定语从句的关系副词有when、where、why。 关系副词 先行词 功能 when 表时间的名词 时间状语 where 表地点的名词 地点状语 why 表原因的名词 原因状语 1. 关系副词when when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，month，year等)，关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。有时when＝in/at/on/during...＋which，具体用哪个介词，要根据先行词的搭配来确定。 There used to be a time when(＝during which) I hated going to school.曾有一段时间我不愿意去上学。 2. 关系副词where where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，room，house，spot等)，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。有时where＝in/at/on...＋which，具体用哪个介词，要根据先行词的搭配来确定。 They are playing in the park where(＝in which) there are many flowers. 他们正在有很多花的公园里玩耍。 [疑难点津]有一些先行词，如point，stage，position，case，condition等，属于抽象的地点名词，如果定语从句中缺状语，需用where引导。 3. 关系副词why why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reason，关系副词why在从句中作原因状语。可用for which代替。 Can you explain the reason why(＝for which) you don’t help him? 你能解释一下不帮助他的原因吗？ 二、关系代词和关系副词的判定 表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则应用关系代词。 试比较： Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语) Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which在从句中作spent的宾语) The talented pianist returned to the city where he grew up. 这位天才钢琴家回到了他长大的城市。(where在从句中作状语) The talented pianist returned to the city that/which he visited last year. 这位天才钢琴家回到了他去年去过的城市。(that或which在从句中作visited的宾语) I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday. 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why在从句中作原因状语) I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us. 我坚决不听你给我们的理由。(that或which在从句中作宾语) 1.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏无锡·期中)We all admire the scientist for her ________(contribute) to her country. 【答案】contributions 【详解】考查名词。句意：我们都钦佩这位科学家对国家的贡献。根据空格前的介词for可知，空格处应该用名词contribution作宾语，可数名词，此处应该用复数形式表示泛指。故填contributions。 2.(2024-2025学年高一上·广东东莞·期中)The public are glad to see that the government has taken ________(effect) measures to solve the water pollution. 【答案】effective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：公众很高兴看到政府采取了有效措施来解决水污染问题。空处修饰名词measures，应填形容词作定语，故填effective。 3. The meeting was ________(concern) with how to improve the awarding system, and the relevant departments put forward their plans. 【答案】concerned 【详解】句意：这个会议是关于如何改进奖励制度的，并且相关部门提出了自己的方案。be concerned with表示“与某事物有关，涉及某事物”，故填concerned。 4.(2024-2025学年高一上·新疆阿克苏·阶段练习)The little child was frightened ________ the dog. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：那个小孩子害怕狗。本空用介词of，be frightened of，意为“对……感到害怕”。故填of。 5.(2024-2025学年高一上·吉林长春·阶段练习)To be honest, I don’t want to go to the ________(frighten) registration office. 【答案】frightening 【详解】考查形容词。句意：老实说，我不想去那个令人害怕的注册办公室。修饰名词短语registration office，需用形容词作定语，registration office指物，需用-ing结尾的形容词。故填frightening。 6.(2024-2025学年高一上·广东茂名·阶段练习)High ________(concentrate) is required when you are taking an important exam. 【答案】concentration 【详解】考查名词。句意：当你参加重要考试时，需要高度的专注。根据空前的“High”及空后的“is”可知，空处需用名词concentration“专注”，作主语。故填concentration。 7.(2024-2025学年高一上·福建三明·阶段练习)Take some time to check out the buildings ________ your classes will be held. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：花点时间查看上课的教学楼。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词buildings，关系词在从句中作地点状语，表示“上课的教学楼”，用关系副词where。故填where。 8.(2024-2025学年高一上·吉林长春·阶段练习)There are many reasons ________ people learn a foreign language. 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：人们学习外语的原因有很多。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是reasons，关系词代替先行词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。 9. These are the reasons ________ we do it. 【答案】why/for which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我们这么做的原因。定语从句修饰先行词reasons，在从句作原因状语， 故用why或for which。故填why/for which。 10. This is the reason ________ he left in a hurry. 【答案】why 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是他匆忙离开的原因。空格处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导。故填why。 / 考点1：concentrate vi. & vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 (concentration n. 集中；专心；关注；重视) •concentrate on (doing) sth 集中于，全神贯注于(做)某事 concentrate one’s mind/attention/energy on...将某人的心思/注意力/精力集中于…… •表示“专心于，全神贯注于”的短语还有focus one’s mind/attention on，put one’s heart into等。 High ________(concentrate) is required when you are taking an important exam. 【答案】concentration 【详解】考查名词。句意：当你参加重要考试时，需要高度的专注。根据空前的“High”及空后的“is”可知，空处需用名词concentration“专注”，作主语。故填concentration。 考点2：effect n. 效果，作用；影响 (effective adj. 有效的；生效的) side effect副作用 have an effect on/upon...对……产生影响 bring/put/carry...into effect实施/使……生效 come into effect生效；开始实施 Thanks to recent research, ________(effect) treatments are available. 【答案】effective 【详解】考查形容词。句意：由于最近的研究，有效的治疗方法是可用的。修饰名词treatments应用形容词effective作定语。故填effective。 考点3：prove vt. 证明，证实 linking v. 后来被发现是 (proof n. 证明；证据；证实) prove sth to sb 向某人证明某事 prove sb/sth (to be)＋adj./n.证明某人/物是…… It’s proved that...据证明……；据证实…… It ________(prove) a bad idea to lose weight by skipping meals. 【答案】proves/has proved 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：不吃饭来减肥已被证明是个坏主意。句中prove为系动词，意为“证明是”；此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；也可以表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，使用现在完成时，主语为it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填proves/has proved。 考点4：frightened adj. 受惊的，害怕的 (frightening adj. 令人恐惧的 frighten vt. 使惊吓；使惊恐 fright n. 惊吓；恐怖的经历) •be frightened to do sth 不敢做某事；害怕做某事 be frightened of/that...害怕…… •frighten sb into/out of doing sth 吓得某人做/不做某事 She was very frightened ________(look) down from the top building. 【答案】to look 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她很害怕从楼顶往下看。此处为短语be frightened to do sth.表示“害怕做某事”。故填to look。 考点5：contribute vi. & vt. 是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加；撰稿；导致 (contribution n. 捐款；贡献；捐赠) •contribute to促成，造成；把(时间)投入到……；捐款；撰稿；为……做出贡献 contribute...to...把……贡献给……；向……捐(款)；为……撰写(稿件) •make contributions/a contribution to对……做出贡献；向……捐款 Only in this way can we make a great ________(contribute) to our family and our society. 【答案】contribution 【详解】考查名词。句意：只有这样，我们才能为我们的家庭和社会做出巨大的贡献。空处作宾语，由a可知应用名词contribution单数形式，故填contribution。 考点6：amount n. 数量；金额 v. 总计；等于 •a large/small amount of＋不可数名词　大/少量的(作主语时谓语用单数) large/small amounts of＋不可数名词　大/少量的(作主语时谓语用复数) in large amounts大量地 •amount to合计；共计；等于；相当于 So far, large amounts of money ________ spent on that big project. 【答案】have been 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，在那个大项目上已经花了大量的钱。根据时间状语so far可知，句子应该用现在完成时；主语是large amounts of money，谓语动词应该用复数形式，助动词用have，主语与动词spent之间是被动关系，用被动语态。故填have been。 考点7：schedule n. 日程安排，工作计划；时间表 vt. 为……安排时间；预定 •on schedule准时；按时间表 ahead of schedule提前 a tight schedule日程紧 •be scheduled for sth/to do sth 预定……；安排做…… as scheduled按计划 The evening party is scheduled ________(take) place on New Year’s Eve. 【答案】to take 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：晚会定于除夕举行。短语be scheduled to do意为“被安排做某事，被预定做某事”，空处应用take的不定式形式，作主语补足语。故填to take。 考点8：treatment n. 治疗；处理；对待，待遇 (treat n. 乐趣；款待 vt. 对待；治疗；处理；招待) •under treatment在治疗中 •treat...as...把……看作…… treat sb/oneself to sth 用……招待某人/自己 treat sb with...以……方式对待/治疗某人 The best ________(treat) for a cold is to rest and drink a lot of water. 【答案】treatment 【详解】考查名词。句意：感冒最好的治疗方法是休息和多喝水。分析句子可知，设空处需要名词treatment充当句子的主语部分，根据系动词is可知，主语应使用单数形式。故填treatment。 考点9：strength n. 力气，力量；实力；优势 (strengthen vi. & vt. 加强；增强；巩固 strong adj. 强壮的) •build up one’s strength强身健体 •strengths and weaknesses优点和缺点 Under the shelves stood a big wood box, firmly ________(strength) with iron bars and heavily locked.   【答案】strengthened 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在架子下面立着一个大木箱，用铁棍牢牢加固并且上了很重的锁。“firmly ________(strength) with iron bars”作后置定语，提示词strength应改为动词strengthen，意为“加强；增强”，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语a big wood box之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填strengthened。 考点10：content n. 内容； (pl.)目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题；容量；满意(＝contentment) vt.满足，知足 adj.满意的；满足的；愿意的 •with content满意地 •content oneself with满足于 •feel/be content with...对……满意；满足于 be content to do sth 愿意做某事 They start learning by reading the ________(content) in the books line by line. 【答案】contents 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他们通过逐行阅读书本的内容开始学习。设空处使用名词作宾语。content在表示“内容”时，通常用复数形式contents。故填contents。 考点11：end up 最终成为，最终处于 end up with以……告终 end up＋副词/介词短语 以……告终 end up as最终成为…… end up doing sth 以做某事告终 Teens who try to copy the looks of their favourite stars will only end up ________(feel) worse about themselves. 【答案】feeling 【详解】考查动名词。句意：试图模仿自己喜欢的明星的青少年只会让自己感觉更糟。end up doing sth.是固定短语，意为“最终做某事”，因此空格处用动名词feeling作宾语，故填feeling。 考点12：show off 炫耀，卖弄；显示，展示 •show...around/round带领……参观 show up出现；露面；如约赶到 show...in/out领……进去/出来 •on show＝on display＝on exhibition在展出 On arriving home, the boy couldn’t resist ________ off his being praised by the teacher. (show) 【答案】showing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一到家，男孩就忍不住炫耀自己被老师表扬了。can’t resist doing sth“忍不住做某事”，故填showing。 考点13：get into shape 强身健体 •in shape在形状上；健康状况良好 in the shape of以……的形状 out of shape变形；身体不健康 •shape...into...把……塑造成……； 使……成为……形状 保持健康的饮食并定期锻炼可以帮助我们强身健体。(doing短语作主语) ________________ can help us ________________. 【答案】Keeping a healthy diet and doing exercise regularly, get into shape 【详解】考查非谓语动词和副词。空处缺少句子的主语，表示“保持健康的饮食”用动宾短语keep a healthy diet，表示“定期锻炼”用do exercise regularly，副词regularly作状语修饰动词do，两个短语用and连接并列作主语，用动名词形式；句首单词首字母大写。故填Keeping a healthy diet and doing exercise regularly。 考点14：It is＋adj.＋that... 教材原句However，for those who are dangerously overweight，it is very important that they try to lose weight properly...然而，对于那些很危险的超重者，努力适当地减肥是很重要的…… 本句中it作形式主语，其真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。it作形式主语时常用的结构为： •It＋be＋形容词(possible，obvious，important，certain...)＋that从句. •It＋be＋名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，an idea，no wonder...)＋that从句. •It＋be＋过去分词(said，thought，believed，suggested，reported...)＋that从句. 你昨天晚上熬夜到那么晚,今天感觉发困不足为奇.(It is +adj.+that...) You stayed up so late last night, ________________________________. 【答案】it is not surprising that you feel sleepy today 【详解】考查形式主语、形容词、时态。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处为固定句型it is adj +that…“做某事是怎样的”，在该句型中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，此处为“今天感觉发困”，表示“不足为奇”为形容词not surprising；表示“发困”为动词短语feel sleepy。句子陈述目前的事实，应用一般现在时。故填it is not surprising that you feel sleepy today。 考点15：the way 作先行词后跟定语从句 教材原句Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance. 你的朋友也会影响你对自己外表的看法。 本句中含有先行词为the way 的定语从句，the way(先行词)在从句中作状语，关系词用that/in which，也可省略。 •way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。 •way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略，作主语时不可省略。 •way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth形式作定语。 他们引入了英语的雏形，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。 They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed  ________________________. 【答案】the way people built houses 【详解】考查定语从句。此处为the way作先行词，后跟省略了that/in which引导的定语从句，从句主语为people；表示“建造房屋”应用build houses，根据上文introduced可知为一般过去时。故填the way people built houses。 知识导图记忆 一、单句语法填空 1. I like to listen to music when I exercise because it makes me ________(energy). 【答案】energetic 【思路点拨】考查形容词。句意：我喜欢在锻炼时听音乐，因为它使我精力充沛。空处作宾语补足语，结合“when I exercise”可知，形容词energetic符合题意，意为“精力充沛的”。故填energetic。 2. We hope the government should take ________(effect) measures immediately to prevent the pollution going from bad to worse. 【答案】effective 【思路点拨】考查形容词。句意：我们希望政府立即采取有效措施防止污染进一步恶化。形容词effective作定语，修饰名词measures。故填effective。 3. They put the old man in prison, but, in the end, he ________ innocent for conclusive ________.(prove) 【答案】was proved; proof 【详解】考查动词语态、名词。句意：他们把老人关进了监狱，但最终他被证明是无罪的，证据确凿。第一空为句子的谓语，本句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，主语he和动词prove“证明”为被动关系，句子用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词用was。第二空为for的宾语，表示“证据”用名词proof。故填①was proved；②proof。 4. It wasn’t a serious accident. The car was only ________(slight) damaged. 【答案】slightly 【思路点拨】考查副词。句意：这不是一起严重的事故。那辆汽车只是轻微受损。damage为动词，需要副词修饰，故填slightly。 5. Only when we stop illegal hunting ________(immediate) can we save more and more endangered species. 【答案】immediately 【思路点拨】考查副词。句意：只有当我们立即停止非法狩猎，我们才能拯救越来越多的濒危物种。空处修饰动词stop，应填副词形式，故填immediately。 6. How do you manage to stay ________(slim)than anyone else in our group, by jogging or by dieting? 【答案】slimmer 【思路点拨】考查形容词比较级。句意：你是如何保持比我们组其他人都苗条的，通过慢跑还是节食？空前的stay是系动词，空处应填形容词作表语，根据后文的than anyone else可知，应用比较级。故填slimmer。 7. The sudden loud noise made the little girl feel ________(frighten). 【答案】frightened 【思路点拨】考查形容词。句意：突然的巨大声响让小女孩感到害怕。“feel”是感官系动词，后面需要接形容词作表语。“frighten”是动词，其形容词有“frightening”和“frightened”，-ing形容词“frightening”常用来修饰物，表示“令人害怕的”；-ed形容词“frightened”常用来修饰人，表示“感到害怕的”。在本句中，描述的是“the little girl”的感受，所以应该用-ed形容词frightened作表语。故填frightened。 8. Every parent is ________(concern) about the safety of their children. 【答案】concerned 【思路点拨】考查形容词。句意：每个父母都关心自己孩子的安全。空处为形容词作表语，concern的形容词为concerned表示“担心的”，be concerned about为固定短语，意思为：对……感到担忧、关心。故填concerned。 9. The scientist presented concrete ________(prove) to challenge the old theory during the conference. 【答案】proof 【详解】考查名词。句意：那位科学家在会议上提出了具体的证据来挑战旧理论。根据空前的形容词concrete可知，空处应填名词作动词presented的宾语，prove是动词，意为“证明；证实”，其名词形式为proof，意为“证据；证明”，是不可数名词，故填proof。 10. Students are suffering a great mass of homework and parents are ________(concern) about their physical and mental health. 【答案】concerned 【思路点拨】考查形容词。句意：学生们承受着大量的家庭作业，家长们担心他们的身心健康。空格处用形容词作表语，concern的形容词是concerned，意为“担心的”，be concerned about意为“担心”，故填concerned。 11. He has secured numerous ________(achieve) in international competitions. 【答案】achievements 【思路点拨】考查名词。句意：他已经在国际比赛中取得了众多成就。根据空前的形容词“numerous”可知，空处需填名词形式，作secured的宾语；achieve是动词，其名词形式为achievement，意为“成就”，是可数名词，numerous后接可数名词复数形式。故填achievements。 12. Doing exercise can build up your ________(strong). 【答案】strength 【思路点拨】考查名词。句意：做运动可以增强你的体质。build up 动词，后用名词作宾语，strong的名词是strength，build up one's strength“增强体质”。故填strength。 13. The ________(individual) of a person or thing consists of the qualities that make them different from other people or things. 【答案】individuality 【思路点拨】考查名词。句意：一个人或事物的个性包括使他们与其他人或事物不同的品质。the +名词+of ，用名词形式在句中作主语。individual的名词形式为individuality，表示“个性”，为不可数名词。故填individuality。 14. They start learning by reading the ________(content) in the books line by line. 【答案】contents 【思路点拨】考查名词的数。句意：他们通过逐行阅读书本的内容开始学习。设空处使用名词作宾语。content在表示“内容”时，通常用复数形式contents。故填contents。 15. They established a scholarship fund ________(contribute) to educational equality. 【答案】to contribute 【思路点拨】考查不定式。句意：他们设立了一个奖学金基金，以促进教育平等。动词不定式作目的状语。故填to contribute。 16. The girl let out a ________(frighten) voice at the sight of the snake. 【答案】frightened 【详解】考查形容词。句意：那女孩一看到蛇就发出惊恐的叫声。修饰后文名词voice应用-ed结尾形容词frightened，作定语。故填frightened。 (attack) by the enemies, the historic city was nearly reduced to ruins. 17. Governments could relieve their economic ________(press). 【答案】pressure 【思路点拨】考查名词。句意：政府可以减轻经济压力。此处作宾语，应用名词pressure“压力”，不可数。故填pressure。 18. People who want to lose weight need to manage daily, weekly and monthly ________(schedule), so that they can keep healthy regularly. 【答案】schedules 【思路点拨】考查名词的复数形式。句意：想要减肥的人需要管理好每日、每周和每月的日程安排，这样他们才能定期保持健康。schedule“日程安排”，为可数名词。据空前的“daily, weekly and monthly”可知，该名词需要复数形式。故填schedules。 19. He learned the value and ________(beautiful) of nature there from a very young age. 【答案】beauty 【思路点拨】考查名词。句意：他从很小的时候就学会了大自然的价值和美丽。此处作宾语，应用名词beauty“美丽”，不可数。故填beauty。 20. Dr Brown is treating the patients’ stomach disease with a new ________(treat). 【答案】treatment 【思路点拨】考查名词。句意：Dr Brown正在用一种新的治疗方法治疗病人们的胃病。根据空前的a new可知，空处需用名词形式作宾语，treat的名词形式为treatment，a new treatment意为“一种新的治疗方法”。故填treatment。 二、完形填空 At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to 1 bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of 2 but nothing worked. I came to believe that I could do nothing about my 3 . When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me 4 . I didn’t want to live the rest of my life with this extra weight any more. That year, I 5 a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A seminar leader shared her 6 story — she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children. 7 by her story, I created the As We Heal(痊愈), the World Heals 8 . My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 in support of a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. This combination of healing myself and healing the word 9 me as the perfect solution. As I began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would 10 the same difficulties that beat me before. While the 11 hung over my head, there were also signs that I was headed down the right path. I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began 12 in from hundreds of people. Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician(内科医生), I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and 13 meals. My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise 14 . A year later, I 15 my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote to something that is meaningful and enormous. 1. A. add B. mix C. kill D. share 2. A. diets B. drinks C. fruits D. dishes 3. A. height B. ability C. wisdom D. weight 4. A. temporarily B. recently C. seriously D. secretly 5. A. attended B. organized C. recommended D. mentioned 6. A. folk B. success C. adventure D. science 7. A. Surprised B. Amused C. Influenced D. Disturbed 8. A. project B. business C. system D. custom 9. A. scared B. considered C. confused D. struck 10. A. get over B. run into C. look for D. put aside 11. A. excitement B. joy C. anger D. fear 12. A. breaking B. flooding C. jumping D. stepping 13. A. heavy B. full C. expensive D. healthy 14. A. regularly B. limitlessly C. suddenly D. randomly 15. A. set B. reached C. missed D. dropped 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. B 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了有超重问题的作者在参加了一个研讨会后，受到负责人故事的影响，也创立了自己的项目和减肥目标，最后在作者的坚持下，作者达成了目标，减掉了150磅，筹集了5万美元。觉得自己被赋予了第二次生命，去献身于一些有意义和伟大的事情。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和食物的关系很不好：我用它来消除糟糕的感觉，让自己感觉好一些，并用来庆祝。A. add增加；B. mix混合；C. kill杀死，消除；D. share分享。根据后文“ to make myself feel better”可知作者借助食物来消除自己糟糕的感觉。故选C。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：担心我的健康，我尝试了许多不同的饮食，但都没有效果。A.diets饮食；B.  drinks饮料；C.  fruits水果；D.  dishes菜肴。根据上文“with food”以及“Worried about my health”可知，作者尝试了许多不同的饮食。故选A。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始相信我对我的体重无能为力。A. height高度；B. ability能力；C. wisdom智慧；D. weight体重。结合上文“At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds.”作者有超重问题，尝试了许多不同的饮食，但都没有效果，所以是对体重无能为力。故选D 4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我50岁的时候，我的体重问题开始严重地影响我。A. temporarily临时地；B. recently最近；C. seriously认真地，严重地；D. secretly秘密地。结合后文“I didn’t want to live the rest of my life with this extra weight any more.”可知，作者不想下半辈子都背负着体重这个累赘，说明体重问题开始严重影响作者。故选C。 5. 考考查动词词义辨析。句意：那一年，我参加了一个研讨会，会上要求我们创建一个能够影响世界的项目。A. attended参加；B. organized组织；C. recommended推荐；D. mentioned提及。根据后文“a seminar”指参加研讨会，应用attend。故选A。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位研讨会负责人分享了她的成功故事——她不仅减掉了125磅，还为无家可归的孩子筹集了2.5万美元。A. folk人们；B. success成功；C. adventure冒险；D. science科学。根据下文“she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.”可知，一位研讨会负责人分享了她的成功故事。故选B。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：受她故事的影响，我创建了“As We Heal, the World Heals”项目。A. Surprised使惊讶；B. Amused逗笑；C. Influenced影响；D. Disturbed干扰。根据上文“she had not only 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.”以及后文作者也实现了自己减肥和筹款的目标，可知作者被她的故事所影响。故选C。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：受她故事的影响，我创建了“As We Heal, the World Heals”项目。A. project项目；B. business生意；C. system系统；D. custom习俗。对应上文中“we were asked to create a project”指创建自己的项目。故选A。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种自我疗愈和世界疗愈的结合让我觉得是最完美的解决方案。A. scared害怕；B. considered考虑；C. confused使困惑；D. struck袭击。根据后文“me as the perfect solution”指自我疗愈和世界疗愈的结合让我觉得是最完美的解决方案。短语struck sb. as...表示“给某人的印象是”故选D。 10. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我开始我自己的体重计划时，我充满了恐惧，我害怕我会遇到以前打败我的同样的困难。A. get over克服；B. run into遭遇；C. look for寻找；D. put aside撇开。根据后文“the same difficulties that beat me before”指作者害怕遇到以前遇到过的困难，run into符合语境。故选B。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当恐惧笼罩在我的头上时，也有迹象表明我正走在正确的道路上。A. excitement激动；B. joy快乐；C. anger愤怒；D. fear恐惧。对应上文“I was filled with the fear”作者内心充满恐惧。故选D。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：数以百计的人开始纷纷捐款。A. breaking打破；B. flooding涌入；C. jumping跳跃；D. stepping踏步。根据后文“from hundreds of people”可知指人们开始纷纷捐款，短语flood in“大量涌入”。故选B。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我咨询了内科医生，雇了一个健身教练，我开始吃少量的健康饮食。A. heavy沉重的；B. full满的；C. expensive昂贵的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“I consulted with a physician (内科医生), I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and”可知为了减肥，作者雇了一个健身教练，开始吃少量的健康饮食。故选D。 14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我对筹款的关注也给了我定期锻炼的新动力。A. regularly定期地；B. limitlessly无限制地；C. suddenly突然；D. randomly随便地。根据上文“My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation ” 对筹款的关注也给了作者定期锻炼的新动力，regularly符合语境。故选A。 15. 查动词词义辨析。句意：一年后，我达到了我的目标：我减掉了150磅，筹集了5万美元！A. set设置；B. reached达成；C. missed错过；D. dropped落下。根据后文“ I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000!”指作者达成目标，应用reach。故选B。 三、阅读理解 If you are trying to lose weight, climbing stairs as a regular exercise might be for you. Stairs are available in many places. And research shows stair-climbing is more effective than walking on level ground. “Overall, it is a fact that stair-climbing gets you fit faster and consumes more calories,” said Lauri van Houten, a professor of the International Skyrunning Federation. Research shows you burn about 20 times more calories going up stairs than walking on flat ground. Even going down stairs, you burn around five times more because your muscles have to work to slow the body. That might be all you need to know if you are trying to lose weight. Dr. Alberto Minetti has done a large amount of research on human movement — including stair-climbing. It is an exercise everyone can do and does not cost money. Minetti did the math to explain why going up stairs is so effective for burning calories in a short amount of time. “To move 1 kilogram of body mass over 1 horizontal meter, you consume 0.5 calories,” he said. But he added, “If you move 1 kilogram of body mass vertically(垂直地) on stairs it’s 10calories. So it’s 20 times the calories moving vertically rather than horizontally(水平地).” In a scientific study, Minetti makes the point that using your arms in stair-climbing adds extra power. Handrails(栏杆) offer safety, too. The study notes that handrails are available along most stairs in very tall buildings. If stair-climbing were an Olympic sport, Australian Suzy Walsham would own gold medals. She has won 10 races up New York City’s Empire State Building — officially 1,576 stairs — and five climbs up the Eiffel Tower. Overall, Walsham has won more than 100 international stair races, and was once considered the top woman in the sport. When she was living in Singapore, Walsham climbed up her 29-story building — 37 times straight. It took over four hours with short breaks for coffee or water. She covered a vertical distance of 3,200 meters. Walsham said that stair-climbing is a good form of exercise for many kinds of people. 1. What is the advantage of stair-climbing over walking on level ground? A. It demands more skills. B. It is more suitable for older adults. C. It burns calories at a much faster rate. D. It can only be done in specific locations. 2. What does Dr. Alberto Minetti’s research tell us about stair-climbing? A. It costs a lot of money. B. It requires special equipment. C. It is attractive to students at school. D. It is an efficient calorie-burning exercise. 3. What can be inferred from paragraph 5? A. The effect of stair-climbing relies on arms. B. Using hands while climbing stairs is more effective. C. People with weak arms should avoid stair-climbing. D. Handrails are designed for professional stair-climbers. 4. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To introduce the history of stair-climbing as a sport. B. To encourage people to take stair-climbing as an exercise. C. To discuss the difficulties people face when climbing stairs. D. To compare exercise effects between stair-climbing and walking. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了爬楼梯作为锻炼方式对减肥有效且益处多。 1. 细节理解题。 根据第二段中“And research shows stair-climbing is more effective than walking on level ground. “Overall, it is a fact that stair-climbing gets you fit faster and consumes more calories,” said Lauri van Houten, a professor of the International Skyrunning Federation.(研究表明，爬楼梯比在平地上行走更有效。国际竞速联盟教授Lauri van Houten说：“总的来说，爬楼梯确实能让你更快地保持健康，消耗更多的卡路里”)”可知，爬楼梯比在平地上行走的好处是消耗卡路里更快。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段“Dr. Alberto Minetti has done a large amount of research on human movement — including stair-climbing. It is an exercise everyone can do and does not cost money. Minetti did the math to explain why going up stairs is so effective for burning calories in a short amount of time.(Alberto Minetti博士对人类运动——包括爬楼梯——进行了大量研究。这是一项每个人都能做且不花钱的运动。Minetti通过计算解释了为什么在短时间内爬楼梯对燃烧卡路里如此有效)”可知，Alberto Minetti博士的研究告诉我们爬楼梯是一种高效的燃烧卡路里的运动。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“In a scientific study, Minetti makes the point that using your arms in stair-climbing adds extra power. Handrails (栏杆) offer safety, too.(在一项科学研究中，Minetti指出，在爬楼梯时使用手臂能增添额外的力量。扶手也能提供安全保障)”可推知，爬楼梯时使用手臂能够进一步提升锻炼效果。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“If you are trying to lose weight, climbing stairs as a regular exercise might be for you.(如果你想减肥，爬楼梯作为一种常规运动可能适合你)”可知，文章开篇点题，指出爬楼梯是日常减肥锻炼的不错选择，接着阐述爬楼梯相比平地行走消耗更多卡路里、人人都能做且不花钱，还列举专业人士Suzy Walsham的例子说明爬楼梯的益处。由此可推知，本文的目的是鼓励人们将爬楼梯当作一种锻炼方式。故选B。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jennifer Jones, 15, passed out in her morning PE class yesterday and 1 (rush) to hospital. Fortunately, Jennifer is now out of danger and her doctor says that she will make 2 full recovery in a day or two. In a society 3 being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn 4 extreme methods to slim quickly. Some teenagers even take pills to lose weight, which has proved to be harmful to their health. When they are in class, they often find it hard 5 (concentrate) on their lessons. Health experts say that 6 is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight. Teenagers are still growing and 7 (they) bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. 8 they do not take in enough food, they may feel weak and get ill easily. Experts 9 (strong) encourage all teenagers to follow the tips on how to live a healthy life, because living well 10 (be) the safest and most effective way to get into shape. 【答案】 1. was rushed 2. a 3. where 4. to 5. to concentrate 6. it 7. their 8. If/When 9. strongly 10. Is 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了15岁女孩Jennifer Jones在体育课上晕倒后被送往医院，以及关于青少年为了减肥而采取的极端方法和对健康的影响的相关信息。 1. 考查时态语态。句意：15岁的Jennifer Jones昨天在早上的体育课上晕倒了，随后被紧急送往医院。空处为本句并列谓语，根据“passed out”可知，空处时态为一般过去时；主语为“Jennifer Jones”，单数，和动词“rush”之间为被动关系，用被动语态。故填was rushed。 2. 考查冠词。句意：幸运的是，Jennifer现在已经脱离危险，她的医生说，一两天内她就会完全康复。固定短语make a full recovery完全康复，故填a。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：在这个以瘦为美的社会中，青少年有时会采取极端的方法来迅速减肥。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“a society”，在定语从句中担当地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。 4 考查固定短语。句意：在这个以瘦为美的社会中，青少年有时会采取极端的方法来迅速减肥。固定短语：turn to，意为“转向”，符合句意。故填to。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：上课时，他们经常发现很难集中精力听课。 find it hard to do，发现很难做某事，故填to concentrate。 6. 考查代词。句意：健康专家表示，青少年体重稍微超标是正常的。空处为形式主语，用代词it，代指真正的主语“to be slightly overweight”。故填it。 7. 考查代词。句意：青少年仍在长身体，他们的身体需要大量的营养才能正常运作。空处为形容词性物主代词修饰空后的名词“bodies”。故填their。 8. 考查状语从句。句意：如果/当他们摄入的食物不够，可能会感到虚弱，并且容易生病。空处为状语从句的引导词，意为“当……时”或“如果”，用when或if引导；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填When或If。 9. 考查副词。句意：专家强烈建议所有青少年遵循健康生活的建议，因为良好的生活方式是塑造体型最安全、最有效的方法。修饰动词，用副词形式。故填strongly。 10. 考查时态。句意：专家强烈建议所有青少年遵循健康生活的建议，因为良好的生活方式是塑造体型最安全、最有效的方法。空处为从句谓语动词；根据主句时态可知，从句时态为一般现在时；主语为“living well”，单数。故填is。 五、应用文写作 假定你是李华，你校上个月发起了体重管理月主题活动。请给你的英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享你的经历，内容包括： 1. 活动内容； 2. 你的收获。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：体重管理月Weight Management Month Dear Chris, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Chris, How are you? Last month, our school launched a “Weight Management Month” to promote healthy lifestyles. I’d love to share my experience with you! The activities which was about healthy diet and daily workout were diverse. We attended nutrition lectures, shared ways of balancing our diets and joined fun sports like basketball and yoga. A highlight was the daily step-count challenge, where we tracked our progress using fitness apps. Through this event, I realized the importance of regular exercise and mindful eating. Hope you’re doing well too. Looking forward to hearing from you! Yours, Li Hua 【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向英国朋友Chris分享学校上个月发起的体重管理月主题活动的经历。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 促进：promote → boost 各种各样的：diverse → various 参加：attend → participate in 重要性：importance → significance 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Last month, our school launched a “Weight Management Month” to promote healthy lifestyles. 拓展句：Last month, our school launched a “Weight Management Month” which aimed to promote healthy lifestyles. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The activities which was about healthy diet and daily workout were diverse. (运用了which引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】A highlight was the daily step-count challenge, where we tracked our progress using fitness apps. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句) 3 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 Unit 4 Looking good, feeling good(必修一) (知识全梳理&考点精准练) 内容导航——预习三步曲 第一步：学 析教材 学知识：教材精讲精析、全方位预习 练习题 讲典例：教材习题学解题、快速掌握解题方法 练考点 强知识：7大核心考点精准练 第二步：记 串知识 识框架：思维导图助力掌握知识框架、学习目标复核内容掌握 第三步：测 过关测 稳提升：小试牛刀检测预习效果、查漏补缺快速提升 重点单词 1. skip　　　 vt. 不做(应做的事情等); 跳过vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走; 略过 2. slim vi. 变苗条, 减肥 adj. 苗条的; 微薄的, 小的 3. concerned adj. 担心的, 忧虑的; 关注的, 关切的 4. prove linking v. 后来被发现是vt. 证明, 证实 5. diet n. 日常饮食; 节食vi. 节食, 进行规定饮食 6. function vi. 起作用, 正常工作, 运转 n. 作用, 功能, 职能 7. frightened adj. 害怕的, 惊吓的, 受惊的 8. contribute vi. & vt. 是……的原因之一; 捐赠, 捐献; 增加, 添加 9. memory n. 记忆力, 记性; 记忆, 回忆 10. attack n. 发作; 攻击; 抨击 vt. &vi. 攻击; 侵袭; 抨击 11. amount n. 数量 12. schedule n. 日程安排, 工作计划; 时间表 13. treatment n. 治疗; 对待, 待遇; 处理 14. content n. 内容; 目录 15. immediate adj. 立即的→immediately adv. 立即, 马上 16. concentrate vi. &vt. 集中(注意力、思想等); 全神贯注→concentration n. 专心, 专注 17. extreme adj. 极端的; 严重的 n. 极端不同的感情(或境况、行为方式等)→extremely adv. 极其 18. effect n. 效果, 作用; 影响→effective adj. 有效的 19. slight adj. 轻微的→slightly adv. 稍微, 略微 20. energy n. 精力→energetic adj. 精力充沛的, 充满活力的 21. beauty n. 美, 美丽; 美人, 美好的东西→beautiful adj. 美丽的 22. fashion n. 时尚, 时兴; 流行款式→fashionable adj. 时尚的 23. talent n. 天资, 天赋; 人才, 天才→ talented adj. 天才的; 有天赋的 重点短语 1. slim down　　　 变苗条, 减肥  2. side effect 副作用  3. take in 摄入, 吸收  4. get into shape 强身健体   5. in the short/long term 从短期/长期看  6. plastic surgery 整形手术; 整形外科  7. in addition 此外  8. hang over 使忧心忡忡, 担心可能发生  9. guard against 防范, 防止, 提防   10. fight a losing battle 打一场无望取胜的仗   11. live up to 达到, 符合, 不辜负  12. end up 最终成为, 最终处于  13. take pride in 为……自豪, 为……骄傲  重点句型 1. have trouble (in) doing sth. She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.  她告诉我她很难在课堂上集中注意力。 2. it作形式主语 However, for those who are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight properly. 然而, 对于那些体重严重超标的人来说, 努力并合理地减肥是非常重要的。 3. the way后接定语从句 Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance. 你的朋友也影响你看待自己外貌的方式。 单元语法 由关系副词引导的限制性定语从句 关系副词在引导定语从句时, 其功能相当于介词短语, 在从句中作状语。引导定语从句的关系副词有when、where、why。 关系副词 先行词 功能 when 表时间的名词 时间状语 where 表地点的名词 地点状语 why 表原因的名词 原因状语 1. 关系副词when when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，month，year等)，关系副词when在从句中作时间状语。有时when＝in/at/on/during...＋which，具体用哪个介词，要根据先行词的搭配来确定。 There used to be a time when(＝during which) I hated going to school.曾有一段时间我不愿意去上学。 2. 关系副词where where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，room，house，spot等)，关系副词where在从句中作地点状语。有时where＝in/at/on...＋which，具体用哪个介词，要根据先行词的搭配来确定。 They are playing in the park where(＝in which) there are many flowers. 他们正在有很多花的公园里玩耍。 [疑难点津]有一些先行词，如point，stage，position，case，condition等，属于抽象的地点名词，如果定语从句中缺状语，需用where引导。 3. 关系副词why why引导定语从句时，先行词常为reason，关系副词why在从句中作原因状语。可用for which代替。 Can you explain the reason why(＝for which) you don’t help him? 你能解释一下不帮助他的原因吗？ 二、关系代词和关系副词的判定 表示时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词引导，也可用关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语，应用关系副词；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则应用关系代词。 试比较： Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night? 你还记得我们整夜聊天的那些日子吗？(when在从句中作状语) Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm? 你还记得我们在农场一起度过的那些日子吗？(that或which在从句中作spent的宾语) The talented pianist returned to the city where he grew up. 这位天才钢琴家回到了他长大的城市。(where在从句中作状语) The talented pianist returned to the city that/which he visited last year. 这位天才钢琴家回到了他去年去过的城市。(that或which在从句中作visited的宾语) I don’t know the reason why he didn’t turn to his good friend for help yesterday. 我不知道昨天他为什么没向他的好朋友求助。(why在从句中作原因状语) I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us. 我坚决不听你给我们的理由。(that或which在从句中作宾语) 1.(2024-2025学年高一上·江苏无锡·期中)We all admire the scientist for her ________(contribute) to her country. 2.(2024-2025学年高一上·广东东莞·期中)The public are glad to see that the government has taken ________(effect) measures to solve the water pollution. 3. The meeting was ________(concern) with how to improve the awarding system, and the relevant departments put forward their plans. 4.(2024-2025学年高一上·新疆阿克苏·阶段练习)The little child was frightened ________ the dog. 5.(2024-2025学年高一上·吉林长春·阶段练习)To be honest, I don’t want to go to the ________(frighten) registration office. 6.(2024-2025学年高一上·广东茂名·阶段练习)High ________(concentrate) is required when you are taking an important exam. 7.(2024-2025学年高一上·福建三明·阶段练习)Take some time to check out the buildings ________ your classes will be held. 8.(2024-2025学年高一上·吉林长春·阶段练习)There are many reasons ________ people learn a foreign language. 9. These are the reasons ________ we do it. 10. This is the reason ________ he left in a hurry. / 考点1：concentrate vi. & vt.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注 (concentration n. 集中；专心；关注；重视) •concentrate on (doing) sth 集中于，全神贯注于(做)某事 concentrate one’s mind/attention/energy on...将某人的心思/注意力/精力集中于…… •表示“专心于，全神贯注于”的短语还有focus one’s mind/attention on，put one’s heart into等。 High ________(concentrate) is required when you are taking an important exam. 考点2：effect n. 效果，作用；影响 (effective adj. 有效的；生效的) side effect副作用 have an effect on/upon...对……产生影响 bring/put/carry...into effect实施/使……生效 come into effect生效；开始实施 Thanks to recent research, ________(effect) treatments are available. 考点3：prove vt. 证明，证实 linking v. 后来被发现是 (proof n. 证明；证据；证实) prove sth to sb 向某人证明某事 prove sb/sth (to be)＋adj./n.证明某人/物是…… It’s proved that...据证明……；据证实…… It ________(prove) a bad idea to lose weight by skipping meals. 考点4：frightened adj. 受惊的，害怕的 (frightening adj. 令人恐惧的 frighten vt. 使惊吓；使惊恐 fright n. 惊吓；恐怖的经历) •be frightened to do sth 不敢做某事；害怕做某事 be frightened of/that...害怕…… •frighten sb into/out of doing sth 吓得某人做/不做某事 She was very frightened ________(look) down from the top building. 考点5：contribute vi. & vt. 是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；增加，添加；撰稿；导致 (contribution n. 捐款；贡献；捐赠) •contribute to促成，造成；把(时间)投入到……；捐款；撰稿；为……做出贡献 contribute...to...把……贡献给……；向……捐(款)；为……撰写(稿件) •make contributions/a contribution to对……做出贡献；向……捐款 Only in this way can we make a great ________(contribute) to our family and our society. 考点6：amount n. 数量；金额 v. 总计；等于 •a large/small amount of＋不可数名词　大/少量的(作主语时谓语用单数) large/small amounts of＋不可数名词　大/少量的(作主语时谓语用复数) in large amounts大量地 •amount to合计；共计；等于；相当于 So far, large amounts of money ________ spent on that big project. 考点7：schedule n. 日程安排，工作计划；时间表 vt. 为……安排时间；预定 •on schedule准时；按时间表 ahead of schedule提前 a tight schedule日程紧 •be scheduled for sth/to do sth 预定……；安排做…… as scheduled按计划 The evening party is scheduled ________(take) place on New Year’s Eve. 考点8：treatment n. 治疗；处理；对待，待遇 (treat n. 乐趣；款待 vt. 对待；治疗；处理；招待) •under treatment在治疗中 •treat...as...把……看作…… treat sb/oneself to sth 用……招待某人/自己 treat sb with...以……方式对待/治疗某人 The best ________(treat) for a cold is to rest and drink a lot of water. 考点9：strength n. 力气，力量；实力；优势 (strengthen vi. & vt. 加强；增强；巩固 strong adj. 强壮的) •build up one’s strength强身健体 •strengths and weaknesses优点和缺点 Under the shelves stood a big wood box, firmly ________(strength) with iron bars and heavily locked.   考点10：content n. 内容； (pl.)目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题；容量；满意(＝contentment) vt.满足，知足 adj.满意的；满足的；愿意的 •with content满意地 •content oneself with满足于 •feel/be content with...对……满意；满足于 be content to do sth 愿意做某事 They start learning by reading the ________(content) in the books line by line. 考点11：end up 最终成为，最终处于 end up with以……告终 end up＋副词/介词短语 以……告终 end up as最终成为…… end up doing sth 以做某事告终 Teens who try to copy the looks of their favourite stars will only end up ________(feel) worse about themselves. 考点12：show off 炫耀，卖弄；显示，展示 •show...around/round带领……参观 show up出现；露面；如约赶到 show...in/out领……进去/出来 •on show＝on display＝on exhibition在展出 On arriving home, the boy couldn’t resist ________ off his being praised by the teacher. (show) 考点13：get into shape 强身健体 •in shape在形状上；健康状况良好 in the shape of以……的形状 out of shape变形；身体不健康 •shape...into...把……塑造成……； 使……成为……形状 保持健康的饮食并定期锻炼可以帮助我们强身健体。(doing短语作主语) ________________ can help us ________________. 考点14：It is＋adj.＋that... 教材原句However，for those who are dangerously overweight，it is very important that they try to lose weight properly...然而，对于那些很危险的超重者，努力适当地减肥是很重要的…… 本句中it作形式主语，其真正的主语是that引导的主语从句。it作形式主语时常用的结构为： •It＋be＋形容词(possible，obvious，important，certain...)＋that从句. •It＋be＋名词短语(a pity，a fact，a wonder，an honour，an idea，no wonder...)＋that从句. •It＋be＋过去分词(said，thought，believed，suggested，reported...)＋that从句. 你昨天晚上熬夜到那么晚,今天感觉发困不足为奇.(It is +adj.+that...) You stayed up so late last night, ________________________________. 考点15：the way 作先行词后跟定语从句 教材原句Your friends also influence the way you view your physical appearance. 你的朋友也会影响你对自己外表的看法。 本句中含有先行词为the way 的定语从句，the way(先行词)在从句中作状语，关系词用that/in which，也可省略。 •way表示“方式；方法”时，其后常接in which或that引导的定语从句，也可以将关系词in which或that省略掉，此时关系词在从句中作状语。 •way后接定语从句时，如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which，作宾语时还可以省略，作主语时不可省略。 •way表示“方式；方法”时，其后还可接不定式或of doing sth形式作定语。 他们引入了英语的雏形，并改变了人们建造房屋的方式。 They introduced the beginnings of the English language, and changed  ________________________. 知识导图记忆 一、单句语法填空 1. I like to listen to music when I exercise because it makes me ________(energy). 2. We hope the government should take ________(effect) measures immediately to prevent the pollution going from bad to worse. 3. They put the old man in prison, but, in the end, he ________ innocent for conclusive ________.(prove) 4. It wasn’t a serious accident. The car was only ________(slight) damaged. 5. Only when we stop illegal hunting ________(immediate) can we save more and more endangered species. 6. How do you manage to stay ________(slim)than anyone else in our group, by jogging or by dieting? 7. The sudden loud noise made the little girl feel ________(frighten). 8. Every parent is ________(concern) about the safety of their children. 9. The scientist presented concrete ________(prove) to challenge the old theory during the conference. 10. Students are suffering a great mass of homework and parents are ________(concern) about their physical and mental health. 11. He has secured numerous ________(achieve) in international competitions. 12. Doing exercise can build up your ________(strong). 13. The ________(individual) of a person or thing consists of the qualities that make them different from other people or things. 14. They start learning by reading the ________(content) in the books line by line. 15. They established a scholarship fund ________(contribute) to educational equality. 16. The girl let out a ________(frighten) voice at the sight of the snake. 17. Governments could relieve their economic ________(press). 18. People who want to lose weight need to manage daily, weekly and monthly ________(schedule), so that they can keep healthy regularly. 19. He learned the value and ________(beautiful) of nature there from a very young age. 20. Dr Brown is treating the patients’ stomach disease with a new ________(treat). 二、完形填空 At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds. I had a very poor relationship with food: I used it to 1 bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. Worried about my health, I tried many different kinds of 2 but nothing worked. I came to believe that I could do nothing about my 3 . When I was 50, my weight problem began to affect me 4 . I didn’t want to live the rest of my life with this extra weight any more. That year, I 5 a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. A seminar leader shared her 6 story — she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children. 7 by her story, I created the As We Heal(痊愈), the World Heals 8 . My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 in support of a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. This combination of healing myself and healing the word 9 me as the perfect solution. As I began my own personal weight program, I was filled with the fear that I would 10 the same difficulties that beat me before. While the 11 hung over my head, there were also signs that I was headed down the right path. I sent letters to everyone I knew, telling them about my project. It worked perfectly. Donations began 12 in from hundreds of people. Of course, I also took some practical steps to lose weight. I consulted with a physician(内科医生), I hired a fitness coach, and I began to eat small and 13 meals. My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise 14 . A year later, I 15 my goal: I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote to something that is meaningful and enormous. 1. A. add B. mix C. kill D. share 2. A. diets B. drinks C. fruits D. dishes 3. A. height B. ability C. wisdom D. weight 4. A. temporarily B. recently C. seriously D. secretly 5. A. attended B. organized C. recommended D. mentioned 6. A. folk B. success C. adventure D. science 7. A. Surprised B. Amused C. Influenced D. Disturbed 8. A. project B. business C. system D. custom 9. A. scared B. considered C. confused D. struck 10. A. get over B. run into C. look for D. put aside 11. A. excitement B. joy C. anger D. fear 12. A. breaking B. flooding C. jumping D. stepping 13. A. heavy B. full C. expensive D. healthy 14. A. regularly B. limitlessly C. suddenly D. randomly 15. A. set B. reached C. missed D. dropped 三、阅读理解 If you are trying to lose weight, climbing stairs as a regular exercise might be for you. Stairs are available in many places. And research shows stair-climbing is more effective than walking on level ground. “Overall, it is a fact that stair-climbing gets you fit faster and consumes more calories,” said Lauri van Houten, a professor of the International Skyrunning Federation. Research shows you burn about 20 times more calories going up stairs than walking on flat ground. Even going down stairs, you burn around five times more because your muscles have to work to slow the body. That might be all you need to know if you are trying to lose weight. Dr. Alberto Minetti has done a large amount of research on human movement — including stair-climbing. It is an exercise everyone can do and does not cost money. Minetti did the math to explain why going up stairs is so effective for burning calories in a short amount of time. “To move 1 kilogram of body mass over 1 horizontal meter, you consume 0.5 calories,” he said. But he added, “If you move 1 kilogram of body mass vertically(垂直地) on stairs it’s 10calories. So it’s 20 times the calories moving vertically rather than horizontally(水平地).” In a scientific study, Minetti makes the point that using your arms in stair-climbing adds extra power. Handrails(栏杆) offer safety, too. The study notes that handrails are available along most stairs in very tall buildings. If stair-climbing were an Olympic sport, Australian Suzy Walsham would own gold medals. She has won 10 races up New York City’s Empire State Building — officially 1,576 stairs — and five climbs up the Eiffel Tower. Overall, Walsham has won more than 100 international stair races, and was once considered the top woman in the sport. When she was living in Singapore, Walsham climbed up her 29-story building — 37 times straight. It took over four hours with short breaks for coffee or water. She covered a vertical distance of 3,200 meters. Walsham said that stair-climbing is a good form of exercise for many kinds of people. 1. What is the advantage of stair-climbing over walking on level ground? A. It demands more skills. B. It is more suitable for older adults. C. It burns calories at a much faster rate. D. It can only be done in specific locations. 2. What does Dr. Alberto Minetti’s research tell us about stair-climbing? A. It costs a lot of money. B. It requires special equipment. C. It is attractive to students at school. D. It is an efficient calorie-burning exercise. 3. What can be inferred from paragraph 5? A. The effect of stair-climbing relies on arms. B. Using hands while climbing stairs is more effective. C. People with weak arms should avoid stair-climbing. D. Handrails are designed for professional stair-climbers. 4. What is the main purpose of the text? A. To introduce the history of stair-climbing as a sport. B. To encourage people to take stair-climbing as an exercise. C. To discuss the difficulties people face when climbing stairs. D. To compare exercise effects between stair-climbing and walking. 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Jennifer Jones, 15, passed out in her morning PE class yesterday and 1 (rush) to hospital. Fortunately, Jennifer is now out of danger and her doctor says that she will make 2 full recovery in a day or two. In a society 3 being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn 4 extreme methods to slim quickly. Some teenagers even take pills to lose weight, which has proved to be harmful to their health. When they are in class, they often find it hard 5 (concentrate) on their lessons. Health experts say that 6 is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight. Teenagers are still growing and 7 (they) bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. 8 they do not take in enough food, they may feel weak and get ill easily. Experts 9 (strong) encourage all teenagers to follow the tips on how to live a healthy life, because living well 10 (be) the safest and most effective way to get into shape. 五、应用文写作 假定你是李华，你校上个月发起了体重管理月主题活动。请给你的英国朋友Chris写一封邮件分享你的经历，内容包括： 1. 活动内容； 2. 你的收获。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：体重管理月Weight Management Month Dear Chris, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$