Unit 1 Friendship 词汇短语详解 2024-2025学年译林版英语八年级上册

译林版八上 Unit 1 Friendship 词汇短语详解 序号 单词/短语 音标 词性 意思 词形变化 固定搭配 例句 1 friendship /'frend p/ n. 友谊 friend n.朋友 friendly adj. 友好的 1 build friendship 建立友谊 2 true friendship 真正的友谊 We should work hard to build long-term friendship. 我们应努力建立长期友谊。 2 honest /' n st/ adj. 诚实的,正直的 honestly adv.诚实地 Honesty n.诚实 1 be honest with sb 对某人诚实 2 to be honest 说实话(插入语) You should always be honest with your friends. 你应该永远对朋友诚实。 3 cheerful /'t fl/ adj. 快乐的,高兴的 cheerfully adv.高兴地 cheer v./n 欢呼 ① stay cheerful 保持快乐② a cheerful person 一个快乐的人 She remains cheerful even when facing difficulties. 她即使面对困难也保持快乐。 4 humorous /'hju:m r s/ adj. 幽默的 humorously adv 幽默地 humor n.幽默 1 a humorous story 幽默的故事 2 have a humorous style 有幽默的风格 My English teacher is very humorous and makes classes fun. 我的英语老师很幽默,课堂有趣。 5 caring /'ke r / adj. 关心他人的,体贴人的 care v./n. 关心 a caring friend 体贴的朋友 She is a caring sister who always helps me with homework. 她是个体贴的姐姐,总帮我做作业。 6 truth /tru / n. 事实,真相 true adj. 真的 truly adv. 真地 1 tell the truth 说实话 2 the truth about sth 某事的真相 It's important to tell the truth even when it's hard. 即使很难,说实话也很重要。 7 joke /d k/ n. 笑话,玩笑 复数:jokes joke v. 开玩笑 1 tell a joke 讲笑话 2 play a joke on sb 开某人玩笑 He often tells jokes to make us laugh. 他经常讲笑话逗我们笑。 8 laugh /l f/ vi./vt. 笑,发笑 三单:laughs过去式:laughed 1 laugh at 嘲笑因…发笑 2 laugh loudly 大声笑 Don't laugh at others; it's not polite. 别嘲笑别人,这不礼貌。 9 teenager /'ti ne d (r)/ n. 青少年 复数:teenagers 1 teenager problems 青少年问题 2 a group of teenagers 一群青少年 Many teenagers enjoy playing sports after school. 许多青少年喜欢放学后做运动。 10 unhappy / n'h pi/ adj. 不开心的 happy a.开心的 unhappily ad.不开心地 1 feel unhappy 感到不开心 ② become unhappy 变得不开心 She was unhappy because she failed the test. 她因考试不及格而不开心。 11 lie /la / vi. 撒谎 三单:lies过去式:lied lie n.谎言 1 tell a lie 撒谎 ② lie to sb 对某人撒谎 Never lie to your parents; they deserve honesty. 永远别对父母撒谎,他们应得到诚实。 12 person /'p sn/ n. 人,个人 复数:people(常用)/persons(较正式) 1 a kind person 善良的人 ② every person 每个人 She is the most hardworking person I know. 她是我认识的最勤奋的人。 13 thought / t/ n. 想法,主意 复数:thoughts 1 have a thought 有一个想法 ② share thoughts 分享想法 I had a thought: maybe we can go hiking this weekend. 我有个想法:或许这周末去徒步。 14 ponytail /'p nite l/ n. 马尾辫 复数:ponytails 1 wear a ponytail 扎马尾辫 ② a high ponytail 高马尾 She wears a ponytail when she plays badminton. 她打羽毛球时扎马尾辫。 15 seat /si t/ n. 座位 复数:seats 1 take a seat 就座 ② window seat 靠窗座位 Please take a seat and wait for your turn. 请坐下等待轮到你。 16 schoolwork /'sku lw k/ n. 学校作业 不可数,无复数 1 do schoolwork 做作业 ② finish schoolwork 完成作业 I usually do my schoolwork in the evening. 我通常在晚上做作业。 17 trustworthy /'tr stw i/ adj. 值得信赖的 trust v./n 信任 1 a trustworthy friend 值得信赖的朋友 ② be trustworthy 值得信赖 He is very trustworthy; you can tell him anything. 他很值得信赖,你可以告诉他任何事。 18 patient /'pe nt/ adj. 有耐心的 patiently ad.耐心地 patience n.耐心 1 be patient with sb 对某人有耐心 ② have patience 有耐心 Teachers need to be patient with young students. 老师需要对小学生有耐心。 19 understand / nd 'st nd/ v. 理解 三单:understands过去式:understood 1 understand sth 理解某事 ② make sb understand 让某人理解 I don't understand this math problem. Can you help me? 我不懂这道数学题,能帮我吗? 20 bit /b t/ n. 小量 无 1 a bit 一点儿(=a little) ② bit by bit 逐渐地 Can you give me a bit of water? 你能给我一点儿水吗? 21 a little bit / l tl b t/ 短语 有点儿 无 1 a little bit + adj. 有点儿… ② a little bit tired 有点儿累 She felt a little bit nervous before the speech. 她演讲前有点儿紧张。 22 funny /'f ni/ adj. 好笑的 fun n.乐趣/a. 有趣的 a funny movie 有趣的电影 The clown's performance was very funny. 小丑的表演很有趣。 23 sense /sens/ n. 理解力,感觉 复数:senses 1 sense of direction 方向感 ② common sense 常识 He has a poor sense of direction and often gets lost. 他方向感差,经常迷路。 24 humour/humor /'hju m (r)/ n. 幽默 无 1 a sense of humour 幽默感 ② good humour 好心情 His sense of humour makes him popular in class. 他的幽默感让他在班上很受欢迎。 25 sense of humor /sens v hju m (r)/ 短语 幽默感 无 1 have a sense of humor 有幽默感 ② develop a sense of humor 培养幽默感 My dad has a great sense of humor and always makes us laugh. 我爸爸很有幽默感,总逗我们笑。 26 bored /b d/ adj. 厌倦的,烦闷的 bore v.使厌烦 boring a.无聊的 ① get bored 变得无聊② be bored with sth 对某事厌烦 I get bored when I have nothing to do. 我无事可做时会觉得无聊。 27 energetic / en 'd et k/ adj. 精力充沛的 energetically ad.精力充沛地 energy n.精力 1 an energetic person 精力充沛的人 ② stay energetic 保持精力充沛 She is very energetic and loves playing soccer. 她精力充沛,喜欢踢足球。 28 active /' kt v/ adj. 积极的,活跃的 actively ad.积极地 activity n. 活动 1 take an active part in 积极参与 ② stay active 保持活跃 We should take an active part in school activities. 我们应积极参与学校活动。 29 encourage / n'k r d / v. 鼓励 三单encourages 过去式:encouraged encouragement 鼓励 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 My teacher encouraged me to join the singing competition. 老师鼓励我参加歌唱比赛。 30 believe /b 'li v/ v. 相信 三单:believes过去式:believed belief n.信念 ① believe in 信任/信仰② believe sb 相信某人(所说的话) I believe in working hard to achieve my goals. 我相信努力才能实现目标。 31 secret /'si kr t/ n. 秘密 复数:secrets 1 keep a secret 保密 2 ② share a secret 分享秘密 Can you keep a secret? I told it only to you. 你能保密吗?我只告诉了你。 32 keep secrets /ki p si kr ts/ 短语 保密 无 1 keep secrets for sb 为某人保密 ② learn to keep secrets 学会保密 A good friend should know how to keep secrets. 好朋友应该知道如何保密。 33 worse /w s/ adj. 更差的(bad比较级) 原级:bad 最高级:worst ① get worse 变得更糟② worse than 比…更差 His cold got worse, so he stayed at home. 他感冒加重了,所以待在家里。 34 worst /w st/ adj. 最差的(bad最高级) 原级:bad比较级:worse 1 at worst 在最坏的情况下 ② the worst mistake 最严重的错误 At worst, we can take a taxi if we miss the bus. 最坏情况下,错过公交可以打车。 35 height /ha t/ n. 身高,高度 high adj 高的/adv.高地 1 measure height 测量身高 ② average height 平均身高 -What's your height? - I'm 1.65 meters tall. 你多高?我1.65米。 36 sec./sek /sek/ abbr. 秒(second) 复数:sec. 1 10 sec. 10秒 ② per sec. 每秒 The race only took 15 sec., but it was very exciting. 比赛只花了15秒,但很激动人心。 37 test /test/ n. 测验,考查 复数:tests ① take a test 参加考试② study for a test 备考 I need to study for the math test tomorrow. 我需要复习明天的数学考试。 38 badminton /'b dm nt n/ n. 羽毛球运动 不可数 1 play badminton 打羽毛球 ② badminton court 羽毛球场 We often play badminton in the park on weekends. 我们周末常去公园打羽毛球。 39 however /ha 'ev (r)/ adv. 然而 无 1 however + 句子 然而…(句首/句中,用逗号隔开) ② however hard 无论多困难 I like sports; however, I don't like running. 我喜欢运动,然而不喜欢跑步。 40 balloon /b 'lu n/ n. 气球 复数:balloons 1 blow up a balloon 吹气球 ② colorful balloons 彩色气球 We bought many balloons for the birthday party. 我们为生日派对买了很多气球。 41 scared /ske d/ adj. 害怕,恐惧 scare v.使害怕scary a.可怕的 1 be scared of sth 害怕某物 ② be scared to do sth 害怕做某事 She is scared of dogs but loves cats. 她怕狗但喜欢猫。 42 nearby / n 'ba / adv./adj. 在附近;附近的 无 ① live nearby 住在附近② a nearby school 附近的学校 There is a bookstore nearby; we can go there after school. 附近有书店,放学后可去。 43 fight /fa t/ v. 搏斗,打斗;为…斗争 三单:fights过去式:fought 1 fight with sb 与某人打架 ② fight for sth 为…而战 Don't fight with your brother; solve problems peacefully. 别和弟弟打架,和平解决问题。 44 dead /ded/ adj. 死的 die v.死亡 death n.死亡 1 be dead 死亡(状态) ② dead animals 死去的动物 The tree has been dead for two years. 这棵树已经死了两年了。 45 attack / 't k/ vi./vt. 攻击,袭击 三单:attacks过去式:attacked 1 attack sb 攻击某人 ② under attack 受到攻击 The dog attacked the stranger but didn't hurt him. 狗袭击了陌生人,但没伤到他。 46 danger /'de nd (r)/ n. 危险 dangerous adj.危险的 1 be in danger 处于危险中 ② out of danger 脱离危险 The little boy was in danger, so we called for help. 小男孩有危险,我们呼救了。 47 brave /bre v/ adj. 勇敢的 bravely ad.勇敢地 1 a brave soldier 勇敢的士兵 ② be brave to do sth 勇敢做某事 She was brave to save the cat from the fire. 她勇敢地从火中救出了猫。 48 get along with sb / et l w s mb di/ 短语 与某人和睦相处,关系良好 无 1 get along with sb well 与某人相处融洽 ② learn to get along with 学会与…相处 I get along well with my classmates because we help each other. 我和同学相处融洽,因为我们互相帮助。 49 nod /n d/ vi./vt. 点头 三单:nods 过去式:nodded ① nod at sb 向某人点头② nod one's head 点头 She nodded her head to show that she agreed. 她点头表示同意。 50 once /w ns/ conj. 一旦 无 1 once upon a time 从前(故事开头) ② once in a while 偶尔 Once you start learning English, you'll find it interesting. 一旦开始学英语,你会发现它有趣。 51 feeling /'fi l / n. 情感;感觉 复数:feelings 1 hurt one's feelings 伤害某人感情 ② have a feeling that… 觉得… I have a feeling that we will win the game. 我觉得我们会赢这场比赛。 52 thoughtful /' tfl/ adj. 体贴的;深思的 thoughtfully ad. 体贴地 thought n.想法 1 a thoughtful gift 贴心的礼物 2 ② be thoughtful of sb 体贴某人 He is thoughtful and always remembers my birthday. 他很体贴,总记得我生日。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$