UNIT 2 ICONIC ATTRACTIONS 高考真题练（同步练习）-【学而思·PPT课件分层练习】2024-2025学年高二英语选择性必修第四册（人教版2019）

高考真题练 Ⅰ.阅读理解 (2023全国甲,D) Grizzly bears, which may grow to about 2.5 m long and weigh over 400 kg, occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams. Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear. “Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range,” says bear biologist Chris Servheen. As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven't been seen in a century or more, they're increasingly being sighted by humans. The western half of the U. S. was full of grizzlies when Europeans came, with a rough number of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans. By the early 1970s, after centuries of cruel and continuous hunting by settlers, 600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their former range in the Northern Rockies. In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act. Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U. S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups. For now, grizzlies remain listed. Obviously, if precautions(预防) aren't taken, grizzlies can become troublesome, sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food. If people remove food and attractants from their yards and campsites, grizzlies will typically pass by without trouble. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly effective at getting grizzlies away. “Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits,” says James Jonkel, longtime biologist who manages bears in and around Missoula. 1.How do Americans look at grizzlies? A.They cause mixed feelings in people. B.They should be kept in national parks. C.They are of high scientific value. D.They are a symbol of American culture. 2.What has helped the increase of the grizzly population? A.The European settlers' behavior. B.The expansion of bears' range. C.The protection by law since 1975. D.The support of Native Americans. 3.What has stopped the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de-listing grizzlies? A.The opposition of conservation groups. B.The successful comeback of grizzlies. C.The voice of the biologists. D.The local farmers' advocates. 4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A.Food should be provided for grizzlies. B.People can live in harmony with grizzlies. C.A special path should be built for grizzlies. D.Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies. 高考词汇站 派生/合成词汇 1.frighten v.使惊吓;使惊恐→　　　　 adj.可怕的;令人恐惧/惊恐的  2.increase v.(使)增长,增多;增加→　　　　adj.不断增加的;越来越多的→　　　　 adv.不断增加地;越来越多地  3.continue v.持续;继续存在→　　　　 adj.连续的,不断的;连贯的  4.endanger v.使遭危险;危及;危害→　　　　 adj.濒危的,濒临灭绝的   5.loose adj.不受约束;未束缚;自由→　　　　 vt.放宽;放松   6.conserve v.保护;保存;节约→　　　　 n.保护;节约   7.effect n.影响,结果→　　　　 adj.有效的,产生预期结果的  8.alongside prep.　　　  9.overturn v.　　　  10.longtime adj.　　　  Ⅱ.语法填空 (2023浙江1月) During China's dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing 　1　 arranged the residential areas according to social classes. The term “hutong”, 　2　(original) meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.  In the Ming Dynasty, the center was the Forbidden City, 　3　(surround) in concentric(同心的) circles by the Inner City and Outer City. Citizens of higher social classes 　4　(permit) to live closer to the center of the circles. The large siheyuan of these high-ranking officials and wealthy businessmen often 　5　(feature) beautifully carved and painted roof beams and pillars(柱子). The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by 　6　(space) homes and walled gardens. Farther from the center lived the commoners and laborers. Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and 　7　(simple) in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.  Hutongs represent an important cultural element of the city of Beijing. Thanks to Beijing's long history 　8　 capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic 　9　(event). In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect 　10　 culture of grassroots Beijingers.  1.　　　　　　 2.　　　　　　 3.　　　　　　 4.　　　　　　 5.　　　　　　  6.　　　　　　 7.　　　　　　 8.　　　　　　 9.　　　　　　 10.　　　　　　   高考词汇站 派生/合成词汇 1.dynasty n.王朝;朝代→　　　　 adj.王朝的;朝代的  2.resident n.居民,住户→　　　　 adj.住宅的,适合居住的   3.order n.顺序,次序→　　　　 adj.有秩序的,有条理的  4.decorate v.装饰;装潢→　　　　 n.装饰(品);装饰风格  5.high-ranking adj.　　　  6.upper-class adj.　　　  7.grassroots adj.　　　  熟词生义 8.court n.　　　  答案与分层梯度式解析 高考真题练 Ⅰ.◎语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国濒危动物灰熊的特征、生存区域、濒危原因和现状,以及与人们的相处等。 1.A　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“occupy a conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere them even as they give us frightening dreams”可知,美国人对灰熊有着矛盾的心态,灰熊既令他们心生敬畏,又给他们带来可怕的梦境。由此可知,灰熊引起美国人复杂的情感。故选A。 2.C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“By the early 1970s...600 to 800 grizzlies remained”和“In 1975, grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species Act.”和第四段第二句“Their recovery has been so...loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.”可知,1975年,被列入《濒危物种法》的灰熊数量恢复很成功,所以正是这部法律的颁布有助于灰熊数量的增长。故选C。 3.A　细节理解题。根据题干中的关键信息“stopped the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service from de-listing grizzlies”可定位到第四段。根据“Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from conservation groups.”可知,由于保护组织的诉讼,将灰熊从法律保护名单上除名的努力都被推翻了。故选A。 4.B　推理判断题。最后一段讲到了灰熊给人类带来的危害和人们对灰熊的防范,其中提到人类生活的区域如果没有引诱灰熊的东西存在,灰熊一般会径直路过,而不带来麻烦,由此可推断,人类与灰熊是能够和谐共处的。故选B。 【高考词汇站】　1.frightening　2.increasing;increasingly 3.continuous　4.endangered　5.loosen　6.conservation 7.effective　8.在……旁边;与……一起　9.推翻;使无效　10.长时间的;为时甚久的 长难句 原句1　Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same:a grizzly bear. 分析　本句的结构为:祈使句+and+陈述句;介词短语“from around the world”和定语从句“that flood into Yellowstone National Park”一起修饰前面的名词tourists; “what they most hope to see”为Ask的宾语。 译文　问那些从世界各地涌入黄石国家公园的游客,他们最希望看到什么,他们的答案往往是一样的:灰熊。 原句2　Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. 分析　该句为主从复合句,so...that...引导结果状语从句。which 引导非限制性定语从句,其先行词是前面that从句的内容。 译文　它们的恢复非常成功,以至于美国鱼类及野生动植物管理局曾两次试图将灰熊移出野生保护动物的清单,这将放松法律保护,允许它们被猎杀。 Ⅱ.◎语篇解读　本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了胡同一词的由来以及北京胡同的历史与现在。 1.and　考查连词。句中planned和 arranged并列作句子的谓语。故用连词and。 2.originally　考查副词。空后meaning是现在分词,应该用副词作状语。故填originally。 3.surrounded　考查非谓语动词。由空前的“the center was the Forbidden City”可知,本句不缺谓语,故要填非谓语动词。又由空后的“by the Inner City and Outer City”可知,这里表示被动。故填surrounded。 4.were permitted　考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语。根据“In the Ming Dynasty”这个时间状语可知,句子应用一般过去时。又因主语Citizens为复数,并且和谓语动词是被动关系,所以填were permitted。 5.featured　考查谓语动词。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语。根据“In the Ming Dynasty”这个时间状语可知,句子应用一般过去时。feature意为“以……为特色”。主语和谓语动词在逻辑上是主动关系。故填featured。 6.spacious　考查形容词。空后homes是名词,这里需要用形容词来修饰。故填spacious。 7.simpler/more simple　考查形容词比较级。根据空前的and和前边的 far smaller可知,这里是并列的形容词的比较级。故填simpler或more simple。 8.as　考查介词。句意:由于北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史,几乎每个胡同都有自己的故事,有些甚至与历史事件有关。as在这里意为“作为”。 9.events　考查名词复数。主语是some(hutongs),是复数,此处指一些历史事件。故用名词复数events。 10.the　考查冠词。这里特指空后grassroots Beijingers的文化。故填the。 【高考词汇站】　1.dynastic　2.residential　3.orderly　4.decoration　5.职位高的;级别高的　6.上流社会的;上层阶级的　7.基层的,草根的　8.宫廷 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$