Unit 8 Once upon a time 核心知识点精讲精练 1(Section A)-2024-2025学年七年级英语下册教材核心知识全解（人教版2024）

Unit 8 Once upon a time 核心知识点精讲精练 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A 包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、语音知识、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空，语篇填空等)。 · 本部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. *once upon a time 从前，很久以前 2. *bite through 咬穿 3. promise to do 答应做某事 4. *long ago 很久以前 5. break his legs 伤了他的腿 6. join the war 参加战争 7. lie to sb. 对某人撒谎 8. pretend to do 假装做某事 9. look silly 看起来很蠢 10. decide to do 决定做某事 11. show everyone his new clothes 向大家展示他的新衣服(show sb. sth.向某人展示某物) 12. be afraid to do 害怕做某事 13. one another 相互，彼此 14. start/begin doing 开始做某事 15. *at first 起初，最初 16. *tell the truth 说实话 17. in the street 在大街上 18. *make money 赚钱 19. make you fine clothes 给你制作精美的衣服(make sb. sth.给某人做某物) 20. hate to do 讨厌做某事 21. *get out 逃脱，离开 22. paint him a horse 给他画一只马(paint sb. sth.给某人画某物) 23. some time 一段时间 24. wait for 等待 25. grow angry 生气了 26. *all over 遍及 2、 重点词汇解析(单词前标*为初中新学词汇) 1. *upon /əˈpɒn/ prep.在……之上 [词汇拓展] (同义词)on (prep.)在...之上 [词汇搭配] once upon a time 从前；很久以前；upon doing... 一...就...；upon sb. 将要发生；马上来 depend on/upon 依赖，依靠；be based on/upon基于；look down on/upon看不起 [词汇例句] The summer season was almost upon them again. 转眼间他们又要过夏天了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Once upon ________ time, there was ________ old emperor. A．a; the B．a; an C．the; an (2) Once upon a time, there ________ an honest man. A．live B．lives C．lived D．living 2. *bite /baɪt/ v. 咬；咬伤；n.咬，（咬下的）一口 [词汇拓展] <过去式>bit /bɪt/ [词汇搭配] bite through 咬穿；take a bite 咬了一口 [词汇例句] The dog gave me a playful bite. 狗闹着玩地咬了我一下。 Stop biting your nails! 别咬指甲了 3. *hunter /ˈhʌntə(r)/ n.猎人；搜寻者 [词汇拓展] hunt (v.)打猎；搜寻；job-hunters 求职者 [词汇搭配] an old hunter 一位老猎人 [词汇例句] The hunters used groups of dogs to run after the foxes. 猎人们用成群的狗追赶狐狸。 4. *promise /ˈprɒmɪs/ v.承诺，保证；有希望，有可能；n.承诺，诺言；获得成功的迹象、希望 [词汇拓展] promising(adj.) 有希望的；有前途的 [词汇搭配] promise to do 答应做某事；make/keep/break a promise 许下/信守/违背诺言 [词汇例句] He promised his grandchildren the money. 他答应给孙儿孙女们这笔钱。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —________ are easily made, but not easily kept. —That’s true. Once you make one, be sure to keep it. A．Promises B．Decisions C．Smiles D．Suggestions 写出系列句子中promise的中文意思。 (1) Her work shows great promise. (2) She kept her promise to visit her aunt regularly. (3) He promised the money to his grandchildren. (4) It promises to be an exciting few days. 5. *wise /waɪz/ adj.明智的；高明的 [词汇拓展] wisely(adv.)明智地；wisdom(n.)智慧 [词汇搭配] a wise old man 智叟；a wise decision 明智的决定 [词汇例句] Tom didn’t understand, so the wise man invited him to have a cup of tea. 汤姆不明白， 所以智者请他喝杯茶。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) We should use our time and energy________, then we can be a man full of_______. A．wisely, wise B．wised, wisdom C．wisely, wisdom D．wise, wisdom (2) Stop asking ________ questions. Everyone is laughing at you. A．so wise B．such wise C．so silly D．such silly 6. *lie /laɪ/ v.撒谎；位于；(问题、方法等)在于，存在；平躺；处于（某种状态）n.谎言 [词汇拓展] <过去式> lied / lay ；<动词-ing> lying [词汇搭配] lie to sb.对某人撒谎；lie down躺下；lie in 睡懒觉；(问题、方法等)在于 tell a lie说谎；live a lie过两面人的生活；过骗人的生活；为人虚伪 [词汇用法] · lie作动词，表示“撒谎”，其过去式为lied。也可用作名词，表示“谎言”。 · lie作动词，还可以表示“存在，位于；平躺”等含义，其过去式为lay。 · lay也用作动词原形，表示“下蛋，产卵；摆放”，其过去式为laid。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The little boy lied ________ his parents. In fact, he didn’t pass the English exam. A．for B．at C．to D．of (2) Shanghai, a modern city, lies ________ the east of China and ________ the east of Jiangsu. A．in; in B．on; to C．in; to D．in; on (3) Don’t ______ in bed all morning! Get up and help me ______ out yogurt and bread for your hungry kids to eat. A．lie; lay B．lay; lie C．lie; lie D．lay; lay 7. *decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ v.决定 [词汇拓展] decision (n.)决定；decisive (adj.)决定性的；果断的；undecided(adj.)犹豫不决的 [词汇搭配] decide to do决定做某事；decide on/upon sth决定；选定 [词汇例句] I can't decide what to wear.我拿不定主意穿什么。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The classroom was so dirty. We decided ______. A．clean it up B．to clean it up C．clean up it D．to clean up it 8. *praise /preɪz/ v.&n.赞美；表扬 [词汇搭配] in praise of 赞扬，讴歌；win high praise获得高度赞扬 praise sb/sth to the skies高度赞扬 [词汇例句] She praised his cooking.她称赞他的烹调技术。 His latest book has won high praise.他的最新的书得到了高度赞扬。 9. *afraid /əˈfreɪd/ adj.害怕的；担心的 [词汇搭配] be afraid of ...害怕；be afraid to do害怕做某事 I'm afraid（礼貌地说出令人不快、失望或感到遗憾的事）我怕，恐怕 [词汇例句] I’m afraid I can’t go there with you. 恐怕我不能和你一起去那里。 My brother is afraid of snakes. 我哥哥怕蛇。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —I think this new app is really useful. —________. It helps a lot in our daily life. A．I don’t think so B．I’m afraid not C．I can’t agree more D．I’m not sure (2) Some students were afraid ________ in class because they thought their classmates might laugh at them. A．of speak B．to speak C．speak 10. *suddenly /ˈsʌdənli/ adv.突然地；出乎意料地 [词汇拓展] sudden (adj.)突然 [词汇搭配] all of a sudden突然 [词汇例句] He suddenly realized that he was in the wrong. 他突然意识到自己错了。 11. *truth /truːθ/ n.真相；事实 [词汇拓展] true (adj.)真实的；truly (adv.)真正地；确实；truthful(adj.)诚实的 [词汇搭配] tell the truth 说实话；in truth 的确，事实上 [词汇例句] When someone lies with their words, their body language often tells the truth.  当一个人 说谎时，他们的肢体语言往往会“说出”真相。 [随学随练] 单项填空 He is a ________ child. I’m sure he will tell us the ________. A．true; truthful B．truth; true C．truthful; truth D．true; true 12. *true /truː/ adj.符合事实的；真正的；忠诚的，忠实的 [词汇拓展] truth (n.)真相；事实；truly (adv.)真正地；确实 [词汇搭配] a true story 真实的故事；a true friend忠实的朋友；come true(梦想等)实现 [词汇例句] He realized that true strength didn’t just come from size, but came from inside.  他意识 到，真正的力量不仅来自体型，还来自内心。  [随学随练] 用true的适当形式填空 (1) I find telling the  can be hard sometimes. (2) You may think reading a dictionary is boring but it’s not  . (3) I  enjoy helping students like you to learn new knowledge. (4) She’s the most  girl in our class. 13. *hate /heɪt/ v./n. 不喜欢；厌恶；讨厌 [词汇拓展] dislike (v./adj.)不喜欢 [词汇搭配] hate to do/doing 讨厌做某事 [词汇用法] · hate即可作动词，也可以作名词。 I hate Monday mornings. 我讨厌星期一早晨。 I was 17 and filled with a lot of hate.我那时17岁，怀着满腔仇恨。 · hate to do与hate doing意义差别不大，跟不定式作宾语，常表示一次的动作，跟动名词，强调一般性倾向，表示对某种行为一贯的憎恶。 My mum hates making mistakes. 我妈妈憎恶犯错误。 The boy hated to go to school. 小男孩讨厌去上学。 14. *artist /ˈɑːtɪst/ n.美术家；艺术家 [词汇拓展] art (n.)艺术，美术；artistic(adj.)艺术的，艺术家的；精美的；有艺术天赋的 [词汇搭配] an artist一位美术家 [词汇例句] Whether you’re an experienced artist or just starting out, there is always something for everyone.无论你是一位经验丰富的艺术家还是刚刚起步，总有适合每个人的东西。 15. *quickly /ˈkwɪkli/ adv.快速地；很快 [词汇拓展] quick (adj.)快的；fast (adj./adv.)快的(地)；slow (adj.)慢的；slowly(adv.)慢地 [词汇搭配] run quickly跑得快 [词汇例句] He quickly put on his coat. 他快速地穿上外套。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Drivers should drive _____________ when they are passing by a school. A．terribly B．quickly C．slowly D．freely 16. *smile /smaɪl/ v.微笑；n.微笑；笑容 [词汇拓展] laugh(v.)笑 [词汇搭配] smile at冲某人微笑；smile one’s thanks微笑表示感谢；smile on有利于；垂青 [词汇例句] He had a big smile on his face.他笑容满面。 She smiled her thanks. 她笑了笑表示感谢。 17. catch v.捕捉；接住；赶上（公共汽车、火车、飞机等）；看见，听到；得病；引起，吸引(注意或兴趣) [词汇拓展] <过去式> caught [词汇搭配] catch the mouse抓住老鼠；catch the bus赶上汽车；catch a cold感冒 catch on时兴，理性；明白，认识到；catch sb's eye引起某人注意；惹人注目 be/get caught up in sth被卷入；陷入；catch up with 追上，赶上 [随学随练] 用catch翻译或补全句子。 (1) 我跳起来接住球，结果摔了个跟头。 I jumped up to and fell over. (2) 猎人抓住了一只大狐狸。 The hunter . (3) 他发明了一种新的游戏，但从未真正流行起来。 He invented a new game, but it never really . (4) 他们早起为了赶火车。 They got up early . (5) 他因重感冒而缺课。 (6) 他跑得如此之快，以至于没有人能追上他。 18. sell v. 售卖 [词汇拓展] <过去式>sold；sale (n.)售卖；buy (v.)买 [词汇搭配] sell sth. to sb.(=sell sb. sth.)把某物卖给某人；sell out售罄，卖完 [词汇例句] One morning, Jane saw some elder children selling lemon juice by the street.一天早上， 简看到一些大孩子在街上卖柠檬汁。 19. cry v.大叫；哭 [词汇拓展] <过去式>cried；tear(n.)眼泪 [词汇搭配] cry out 大声呼喊；cry out for sth(通常用于进行时)迫切需要 [词汇例句] She cried out for help.她大声呼救。 We’re crying out for excellent teachers. 我们迫切需要优秀教师。 20. money n.钱；财富 [词汇搭配] *make money赚钱；save money 存钱；spend money花钱 [词汇例句] How much money is there in my account? 我的账上有多少钱？ [随学随练] The boy has a lot of pocket money. 那个小男孩有很多零花钱。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 描述故事开端的句子 Once upon a time,... 很久以前，... Long long ago,... 很久以前，... A long time ago, ... 很久以前，... There was once... 曾经有... There once lived... 曾经住着... 2. 感叹句 (教材原句)What lovely clothes. 多漂亮的衣服！ How unlucky! 真不幸啊！ 感叹句由what和how引导，主要有以下形式： (1) What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)! What a clever boy (he is)! (他是)真聪明的一个男生！ (2) What+(形容词)+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! What terrible weather! 天气真糟糕！ What beautiful flowers! 多漂亮的花! (3) How+(形容词/副词)+(主语+谓语)！ How quickly the cat runs! 这猫跑得真快！ How careless the boy was! 真孩子真粗心！ 3. when和before引导时间状语从句 (教材原句)When I was a child, my favourite book was Peter Rabbit.当我还是个孩子的时候，我最喜欢的书是《彼得兔》。 (教材原句)The king waited for a few months before he grew angry. 在国王生气前，他等了好几个月。 (1) when引导时间状语从句，表示主句动词与从句动作同时发生。before引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。 (2) when与before引导从句时，主语时态若是过去的时态，从句也用相应的过去的时态。若主句动作是将来时，或者主句是祈使句，从句一般使用一般现在时，即遵循“主将从现”原则。 When the driver saw a man lying on the road, he got off the bus quickly to see what happened. 当司机看到一个男人躺在路上时，他迅速下了车，想看看发生了什么事。 如：Please ask him to call me when he arrives. 当他到达时请让他给我打电话。 He is going to be a computer programmer when he finishes college. 他大学毕业后将成为一 名计算机程序员。 4. It take+...+to do句型 (教材原句)It took me months to learn how to paint a horse well. 我花了几个月的时间才学会如何画好一匹马。 It takes+人+时间+to do sth. 表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”，takes根据时态不同进行相应的变化。 如：It will take us three days to finish the task.完成这项任务将要花费我们三天时间。 4、 单元语音学习 1. 辅音字母组合ch, ph, sh, th, wh的发音 字母组合 常见发音 例词 ch /tʃ/ chair; China; peach /k/ stomach; Christmas;school /ʃ/ machine; chef ph /f/ phone; photo; elephant sh /ʃ/ shoe; show; sheep th /θ/(词首或词尾) think; thin; both; bath /ð/(词中或代词、功能词首) father; feather; that; these wh /w/ what; white /h/ who; whose 2. 音的同化 (1) 两个相邻的音会相互影响而发生变化，其中一个音会受相邻音的影响而变变得与其相邻音相同或相似，或变成第三个音，这种现象叫做音的同化。 (2) 辅音/t/或/d/与/j/的连读中，发生同化。/t/与/j/发生同化，变成/tʃ/；/d/与/j/发生同化，变成/dʒ/。 如： Would you like some noodles? /wʊd ju/ → /wʊdʒu/ Nice to meet you. /mi:t ju/ → /mi:tʃu/ 5、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) In the past,  (猎人) killed animals for food. (2) Jake (决定说实话). But his wife stopped him. (3) They gave a lot of food for the people after the  (战争) last year. (4) The (国王) of Qi was a (明智的) man. To make his state more powerful, he asked for advice.  (5) The girl is looking excitedly at her new dress, with a bright (微笑) on her face. (6) Mr. Green (讨厌) to walk to work. He always rides a bike. (7) People (全世界) love pandas, and the panda has become a symbol of China. (8) I felt proud when my teacher (赞扬) me for my science project. (9) Last week, I found myself in a difficult situation with my new (邻居). (10) He told a white (谎言) in order to protect his friend’s feelings. (11) I (做出承诺) to Frank that I would play badminton with him. (12) Everyone in the world does (愚蠢的) things sometimes. (13) (从前), an old man named Yu Gong tried to move the mountains. (14) (起初)，the girls (害怕)the cats. (15) The woman by selling oranges. Everyone here liked them. (16) An (一位艺术家) stood up and walked onto the stage quickly(快速地). 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) Now, lots of schools all over the world are using DeepSeek. DeepSeek must have a (promise) future. (2) His 17-year-old brother Nathan had promised (take) him to the new skate park this afternoon. (3) We should spend our pocket money (wise) and use it to do something meaningful. (4) Please tell me what happened. I want to know the (true). Don’t tell (lie). (5) We saw an old man (lie) on the ground when we went through the park. (6) Three hours later, we (lie) down to rest. I was not hungry, but very sleepy. (7) Once you make a (decide), you should stick to it. (8) Amy decided (get) out of the little house. (9) If you find it hard to get on with your parents, don’t be afraid (ask) for help. (10) They were tired and faced  (suddenly) storms, which made it hard to keep warm.  (11) A (true) friend (true) cares about you. (12) Zhang Lixing hates (exercise) and he eats lots of junk food. (13) Wang Peng studies English by (watch) English movies. (14) It took Mr Green four months (finish) the difficult task. (15) There (be) many apples on the ground, but no one picked them up. (16) He (lose) his left arm when he climbed the mountain. (17) We still don’t know how (use) this new machine. (18) —Your (paint)of the Mount Huangshan is amazing! —Thanks! I (paint) it during the school art festival last month. 3. 单项填空。 (1) Once upon a time, ________ a little mouse and two little birds and they were good friends. A．there has B．there were C．there is D．there was (2) —I plan ________ Hong Kong this winter vacation. What about you? —I can’t decide where ________. A．to visit； to go B．visit； go C．visiting； going D．to visit； going (3) Paul is afraid of dogs, so he always runs away ________ when he sees them. A．early B．differently C．quickly D．slowly (4) Although I’m twenty years old, I am still afraid ________ snakes. A．with B．for C．of D．at (5) —My father promised me ________ a mobile phone as my birthday gift. —Great! Did you promise ________ anything? A．with; doing B．with; to do C．/; to do D．/; doing (6) ________ nice day we’re having! A．How a B．What a C．What D．How (7) The sky went dark ________ we arrived. A．if B．when C．because D．until (8) My brother ________ his homework before he went out to play. A．finished B．finish C．is finishing D．will finish (9) It took us two hours and a half ________ to the top of Mountain Huang. A．to get B．get C．got D．getting (10) —Why do you ______ to read the book? —Because I think it is boring. A．like B．hope C．hate D．decide (11) —Shall we hang out together? —________ It’s too dark. We’d better stay at home. A．Nice idea. B．That’s true. C．Don’t be silly. D．I’m afraid I can’t (12) —The thief ________ to us. In fact, he didn’t ________ the purse on the cupboard. —Yeah. The police found it ________ at the corner of the kitchen. A．lied; lay; lied B．lay; lie; lying C．lied; lay; lying D．lay; lying; lied 6、 技能提升综合练习 1. 补全对话 Teacher: So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong? Wang Ming: 1 Yu Gong found a good way to solve his problem. Claudia: Really? I think it’s a little bit silly. 2 . Wang Ming: But the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard! Yu Gong kept trying and didn’t give up. Claudia: 3 I think we should try to find other ways to solve a problem. Wang Ming: 4 . Claudia: Well, there are many other ways. 5 . That’s better and faster than moving a mountain! Teacher: You have different opinions about the story, 6 There are many sides to a story and many ways to understand it. A．and neither of you are wrong. B．For example, he could build a road. C．I think it’s really interesting. D．But what could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains? E．It doesn’t seem very possible to move a mountain. F．Well, I still don’t agree with you. 2. 短文填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Once there was a tree and a little boy. Every day the boy climbed (爬) the tree and played with her. As time went by, the boy g 1 older. One day the boy v 2 the tree. The tree said, “Come and climb up my trunk (树干).” “I am too big to climb,” said the boy. “I want some m 3 to buy things.” The tree said, “But I have no money. I only have apples. Take them to the city, 4 them and then you will have money.” The boy was happy, so he t 5 the apples and went away. Then one day the boy c 6 back. The tree said happily, “Come and play with me.” “I am too busy to play,” said the boy. “I just want a house to keep me warm.” The tree said, “You can u 7 my trunk and branches to build a house.” The boy did so. After a long time, the boy came back again. The tree said, “I’m so happy to see you, b 8 I have nothing to give you.” The boy said, “You have given me all I need. I d 9 to give back to you. I will s 10 with you for an hour every day and take care of you. I hope you can grow big again.” The tree was happy to hear this. 3. 阅读理解 A The frog king or Iron Henry “Oh, is it you, old swimmer?” said the King’s daughter, “I weep because my golden ball has fallen into the well.” “Never mind. Do not weep,” answered the frog, “I can help you; but what will you give me if I fetch up your ball again?” “Whatever you like, dear frog,” said she, “my clothes, jewels, or even my golden crown.” “Your clothes, jewels and golden crown are not for me,” answered the frog, “but if you will love me, and let me be your companion and play-fellow, then would I dive below the water and fetch your golden ball again.” “Oh yes,” she answered, “I will promise it all, whatever you want, if you will only get me my ball again.” But she thought to herself, “What nonsense he talks! Could it possibly be any one’s companion?” The frog drew his head under the water and sank down out of sight. After a while he came to the surface again with the ball in his mouth, and he threw it on the grass. The King’s daughter was overjoyed to see her pretty plaything again, and she caught it up and ran off with it. 1．Why did the King’s daughter weep? A．The frog scared her. B．She didn’t want to play. C．She lost her golden crown. D．Her golden ball fell into the well. 2．What did the frog want from the King’s daughter? A．Her clothes. B．Her jewels and crown. C．Her golden ball. D．To be her friend. 3．What did the King’s daughter think about the frog’s request? A．She was excited to have a frog friend. B．She promised to give him her crown. C．She thought it was a silly idea. D．She ignored him. 4．What is the correct order (顺序) of events in the story? ① The frog brought back the ball. ② The King’s daughter ran away. ③ The King’s daughter promised the frog’s. ④ The ball fell into the well. A．④ → ③ → ① → ② B．③ → ④ → ② → ① C．④ → ① → ③ → ② D．② → ④ → ③ → ① 5．What was the King’s daughter like in this story? A．Helpful. B．Polite. C．Dishonest. D．Friendly. B Once a tortoise (乌龟) and two swans lived by a lake. They were very good friends. They spent many hours happily together. To their bad luck, there was no rain that year. The lake became dry. So they had to leave the lake to look for another place to live. The two swans could fly easily, but for the tortoise it was difficult. The three of them began to worry and wonder, unsure of what to do next. At last, the two swans had an idea. They said to the tortoise, “We will place a stick (棍子) in your mouth. We will carry the stick in our beaks (鸟嘴) on either side. This will make us fly together. But remember, you must not open your mouth. If you do, you know what will happen to you.” The tortoise was sad to leave the lake, but it agreed with the idea. One fine morning, they were flying over a large town. The people of the town were surprised at what they saw in the sky. They were very curious (好奇) about it and started shouting excitedly. The tortoise heard the noise and wondered what it was about. It forgot its promise and opened its mouth to ask curiously, “Why is there…? Ah…!” Sadly, down fell the tortoise, and died. The swans had no chance to save it. They were sad to lose their best friend but had to fly away and started their new life. 1．Why did the tortoise and two swans have to leave? A．The rain was heavy. B．The lake was dry. C．The food was not enough. D．The water was dirty. 2．How did the tortoise travel with the swans? A．The swans carried the tortoise with a stick. B．The tortoise decided to walk on its own. C．The swans tried to carry the tortoise on their backs. D．The tortoise asked people of the town for help. 3．According to the story, how did the tortoise’s feelings change? A．curious → sad → worried → happy B．worried → happy → curious → sad C．happy → worried → sad → curious D．sad → curious → happy → worried 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Curiosity (好奇) Killed the Tortoise. B．Best Friends Helped Each Other. C．New Life Came from Hard Work. D．A Good Idea Went a Long Way. 4. 完形填空 A great French writer says we should help others because we also need others’ help. And the small can also 1 the big. The writer tells the following 2 about this. An ant 3 water from a small river and falls into the river. “Help, help, help!” cries the ant. But she couldn’t move at all. The poor ant gets too 4 but she still does her best. A big bird sits on a nearby tree and sees her. The bird 5 throws (扔) a piece of wood. With the help of the wood, the ant gets out of the 6 in the end. When the ant rests in grass, she sees a(n) 7 coming up. The man carries a gun (枪) in his hand. As soon as the man sees the bird, he points his gun at her. The ant is so 8 that she bites (咬) him in one of his feet. The man gives out a loud cry. Hearing the sound, the bird 9 at once. The bird helps the ant, and the ant 10 the bird’s life. They both help each other. 1．A．bring B．help C．like D．follow 2．A．story B．dream C．rule D．word 3．A．sells B．wastes C．drinks D．buys 4．A．dirty B．tired C．sorry D．strict 5．A．early B．differently C．freely D．quickly 6．A．tree B．wood C．river D．gun 7．A．bird B．ant C．man D．writer 8．A．bored B．worried C．happy D．relaxed 9．A．goes out B．flies away C．gets up D．cuts up 10．A．saves B．loses C．changes D．respects 5. 任务型阅读 There was once an old and deep well. People got water by dropping a bucket(木桶) tied to a rope. The rope passed over a wheel just above the well. On the other side of the rope was another bucket. A strong pull brought one bucket to the top while the other down to the water. They always passed each other on the way up and down, but never had time to speak. At last, the rope became worn. So a new rope had to be put in its place. While this was being done, the two buckets were left standing together near the well. “What a boring life we have!” said one bucket to the other. “I am quite tired of it. No matter how full we come up, we are always sent down empty.” But the other bucket laughed and said, “What a funny way you have of looking at things! Don’t you see that whenever we are sent down empty, we always come up full?’ Boys and girls sometimes talk like these two buckets. You may hear one of them say, “Just as we are having a good game, we are made to stop and go to work again.” “Yes,” the other will reply, “but as soon as work is over, we always get to go out and have fun again.” There are two ways of looking at things. If you want to be happy, look at the bright side. 1．What were the buckets tied to? （不超过10个词） ____________________________________________ 2．Where did the two buckets talk with each other?（不超过10个词） ____________________________________________ 3．What does the story tell us?（不超过15个词） ____________________________________________ 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 8 Once upon a time 核心知识点精讲精练 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A 包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、语音知识、重难句型等核心知识点。 · 本资料包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空等)与技能提升综合练习(阅读理解、完形填空，语篇填空等)。 · 本部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. *once upon a time 从前，很久以前 2. *bite through 咬穿 3. promise to do 答应做某事 4. *long ago 很久以前 5. break his legs 伤了他的腿 6. join the war 参加战争 7. lie to sb. 对某人撒谎 8. pretend to do 假装做某事 9. look silly 看起来很蠢 10. decide to do 决定做某事 11. show everyone his new clothes 向大家展示他的新衣服(show sb. sth.向某人展示某物) 12. be afraid to do 害怕做某事 13. one another 相互，彼此 14. start/begin doing 开始做某事 15. *at first 起初，最初 16. *tell the truth 说实话 17. in the street 在大街上 18. *make money 赚钱 19. make you fine clothes 给你制作精美的衣服(make sb. sth.给某人做某物) 20. hate to do 讨厌做某事 21. *get out 逃脱，离开 22. paint him a horse 给他画一只马(paint sb. sth.给某人画某物) 23. some time 一段时间 24. wait for 等待 25. grow angry 生气了 26. *all over 遍及 2、 重点词汇解析(单词前标*为初中新学词汇) 1. *upon /əˈpɒn/ prep.在……之上 [词汇拓展] (同义词)on (prep.)在...之上 [词汇搭配] once upon a time 从前；很久以前；upon doing... 一...就...；upon sb. 将要发生；马上来 depend on/upon 依赖，依靠；be based on/upon基于；look down on/upon看不起 [词汇例句] The summer season was almost upon them again. 转眼间他们又要过夏天了。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) Once upon ________ time, there was ________ old emperor. A．a; the B．a; an C．the; an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：很久以前，有一位年迈的皇帝。 考查冠词。a一，后接以辅音音素开头的单词；an一，后接以元音音素开头的单词；the这，定冠词。根据“Once upon...time”可知，once upon a time“很久以前”；根据“there was...old emperor”可知，在此处表泛指，表示“一位年迈的皇帝”，故应用不定冠词a或an。由于old以元音音素开头，故应用an。故选B。 (2) Once upon a time, there ________ an honest man. A．live B．lives C．lived D．living 【答案】C 【详解】句意：从前，这住着一个诚实的人。 考查动词时态。根据“Once upon a time”可知句子使用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选C。 2. *bite /baɪt/ v. 咬；咬伤；n.咬，（咬下的）一口 [词汇拓展] <过去式>bit /bɪt/ [词汇搭配] bite through 咬穿；take a bite 咬了一口 [词汇例句] The dog gave me a playful bite. 狗闹着玩地咬了我一下。 Stop biting your nails! 别咬指甲了 3. *hunter /ˈhʌntə(r)/ n.猎人；搜寻者 [词汇拓展] hunt (v.)打猎；搜寻；job-hunters 求职者 [词汇搭配] an old hunter 一位老猎人 [词汇例句] The hunters used groups of dogs to run after the foxes. 猎人们用成群的狗追赶狐狸。 4. *promise /ˈprɒmɪs/ v.承诺，保证；有希望，有可能；n.承诺，诺言；获得成功的迹象、希望 [词汇拓展] promising(adj.) 有希望的；有前途的 [词汇搭配] promise to do 答应做某事；make/keep/break a promise 许下/信守/违背诺言 [词汇例句] He promised his grandchildren the money. 他答应给孙儿孙女们这笔钱。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —________ are easily made, but not easily kept. —That’s true. Once you make one, be sure to keep it. A．Promises B．Decisions C．Smiles D．Suggestions 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——承诺容易许下，但不易兑现。——这是真的。一旦你做出了承诺，就一定要信守它。 考查名词辨析。Promises承诺；Decisions决定；Smiles微笑；Suggestions建议。根据“That’s true. Once you make one, be sure to keep it.”可知，此处是指承诺。故选A。 写出系列句子中promise的中文意思。 (1) Her work shows great promise. (n.)获得成功的迹象、希望 (2) She kept her promise to visit her aunt regularly. (n.)承诺，诺言 (3) He promised the money to his grandchildren. (v.)承诺，保证 (4) It promises to be an exciting few days. (v.)有希望，有可能 5. *wise /waɪz/ adj.明智的；高明的 [词汇拓展] wisely(adv.)明智地；wisdom(n.)智慧 [词汇搭配] a wise old man 智叟；a wise decision 明智的决定 [词汇例句] Tom didn’t understand, so the wise man invited him to have a cup of tea. 汤姆不明白， 所以智者请他喝杯茶。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) We should use our time and energy________, then we can be a man full of_______. A．wisely, wise B．wised, wisdom C．wisely, wisdom D．wise, wisdom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们应该明智地运用我们的时间的精力，然后我们能成为一个充满智慧的人。 考查副词和名词。wisely聪明地、明智地，副词； wise聪明的、明智的，形容词；wisdom智慧、明智，名词。第一空修饰动词短use our time and energy，应用副词wisely。第二空作为介词of的宾语，故用名词wisdom，故选C。 (2) Stop asking ________ questions. Everyone is laughing at you. A．so wise B．such wise C．so silly D．such silly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：别再问这些愚蠢的问题了。每个人都在嘲笑你。 考查so与such的区别以及形容词辨析。wise明智的；silly愚蠢的。so修饰形容词，such修饰名词，此空要修饰名词questions，应用such修饰。根据“Everyone is laughing at you”可知，此处指不要问愚蠢的问题，故选D。 6. *lie /laɪ/ v.撒谎；位于；(问题、方法等)在于，存在；平躺；处于（某种状态）n.谎言 [词汇拓展] <过去式> lied / lay ；<动词-ing> lying [词汇搭配] lie to sb.对某人撒谎；lie down躺下；lie in 睡懒觉；(问题、方法等)在于 tell a lie说谎；live a lie过两面人的生活；过骗人的生活；为人虚伪 [词汇用法] · lie作动词，表示“撒谎”，其过去式为lied。也可用作名词，表示“谎言”。 · lie作动词，还可以表示“存在，位于；平躺”等含义，其过去式为lay。 · lay也用作动词原形，表示“下蛋，产卵；摆放”，其过去式为laid。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) The little boy lied ________ his parents. In fact, he didn’t pass the English exam. A．for B．at C．to D．of 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这个小男孩对他的父母撒谎了。事实上，他的英语考试没及格。 考查介词辨析。for为了……；at在；to向；of属于……的。根据“lied”可知，此处表示向某人撒谎，应用固定搭lie to sb“向某人撒谎”，故选C。 (2) Shanghai, a modern city, lies ________ the east of China and ________ the east of Jiangsu. A．in; in B．on; to C．in; to D．in; on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：上海，一座现代化的城市，位于中国的东部，江苏的东部。 考查地点方位介词。in（表示领域，范围）在……以内；on（表示方向）在，向，对，表示与某地相邻接壤；to朝，向，表示在某一地区之外的某个方位，不属于该范围。根据“Shanghai, a modern city, lies...the east of China and...the east of Jiangsu.”可知，上海属于中国，所以第一空使用in；上海与江苏接壤，所以第二空使用on。故选D。 (3) Don’t ______ in bed all morning! Get up and help me ______ out yogurt and bread for your hungry kids to eat. A．lie; lay B．lay; lie C．lie; lie D．lay; lay 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要整个上午都躺在床上！起来帮我摆酸奶和面包，给你饥饿的孩子们吃。 考查动词辨析。lie躺；lay摆放。根据“in bed”可知，第一空处指躺在床上，应填lie。根据“out yogurt and bread”可知，第二空处指摆出酸奶和面包，应填lay，故选A。 7. *decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ v.决定 [词汇拓展] decision (n.)决定；decisive (adj.)决定性的；果断的；undecided(adj.)犹豫不决的 [词汇搭配] decide to do决定做某事；decide on/upon sth决定；选定 [词汇例句] I can't decide what to wear.我拿不定主意穿什么。 [随学随练] 单项填空 The classroom was so dirty. We decided ______. A．clean it up B．to clean it up C．clean up it D．to clean up it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：教室里太脏了。我们决定把它打扫干净。 考查动词短语。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，故排除A、C项。clean up是“动词+副词”型短语，代词作宾语，要放中间。故选B。 8. *praise /preɪz/ v.&n.赞美；表扬 [词汇搭配] in praise of 赞扬，讴歌；win high praise获得高度赞扬 praise sb/sth to the skies高度赞扬 [词汇例句] She praised his cooking.她称赞他的烹调技术。 His latest book has won high praise.他的最新的书得到了高度赞扬。 9. *afraid /əˈfreɪd/ adj.害怕的；担心的 [词汇搭配] be afraid of ...害怕；be afraid to do害怕做某事 I'm afraid（礼貌地说出令人不快、失望或感到遗憾的事）我怕，恐怕 [词汇例句] I’m afraid I can’t go there with you. 恐怕我不能和你一起去那里。 My brother is afraid of snakes. 我哥哥怕蛇。 [随学随练] 单项填空 (1) —I think this new app is really useful. —________. It helps a lot in our daily life. A．I don’t think so B．I’m afraid not C．I can’t agree more D．I’m not sure 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我认为这个新应用非常实用。——我非常同意。它在我们的日常生活中帮助很大。 考查交际用语。I don’t think so我不这么认为；I’m afraid not恐怕不是；I can’t agree more我非常同意；I’m not sure我不确定。根据回答中“It helps a lot in our daily life”可知，说话者持赞同态度。故选C。 (2) Some students were afraid ________ in class because they thought their classmates might laugh at them. A．of speak B．to speak C．speak 【答案】B 【详解】句意：有些学生害怕在课堂上发言，因为他们认为同学们可能会嘲笑他们。 考查形容词短语。afraid“害怕的”，是形容词；be afraid to do sth.“害怕做某事”。故选B。 10. *suddenly /ˈsʌdənli/ adv.突然地；出乎意料地 [词汇拓展] sudden (adj.)突然 [词汇搭配] all of a sudden突然 [词汇例句] He suddenly realized that he was in the wrong. 他突然意识到自己错了。 11. *truth /truːθ/ n.真相；事实 [词汇拓展] true (adj.)真实的；truly (adv.)真正地；确实；truthful(adj.)诚实的 [词汇搭配] tell the truth 说实话；in truth 的确，事实上 [词汇例句] When someone lies with their words, their body language often tells the truth.  当一个人 说谎时，他们的肢体语言往往会“说出”真相。 [随学随练] 单项填空 He is a ________ child. I’m sure he will tell us the ________. A．true; truthful B．truth; true C．truthful; truth D．true; true 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他是一个诚实的孩子。我相信他会告诉我们真相的。 考查形容词和名词辨析。true真的，多用于形容事物；truthful诚实的/真实的，用于人或物；truth真相，名词。child“孩子”是名词，需用形容词修饰，truthful符合句意；定冠词the后接名词，后空需用truth。结合选项，故选C。 12. *true /truː/ adj.符合事实的；真正的；忠诚的，忠实的 [词汇拓展] truth (n.)真相；事实；truly (adv.)真正地；确实 [词汇搭配] a true story 真实的故事；a true friend忠实的朋友；come true(梦想等)实现 [词汇例句] He realized that true strength didn’t just come from size, but came from inside.  他意识 到，真正的力量不仅来自体型，还来自内心。  [随学随练] 用true的适当形式填空 (1) I find telling the truth can be hard sometimes. (2) You may think reading a dictionary is boring but it’s not true. (3) I truly enjoy helping students like you to learn new knowledge. (4) She’s the most truthful girl in our class. 13. *hate /heɪt/ v./n. 不喜欢；厌恶；讨厌 [词汇拓展] dislike (v./adj.)不喜欢 [词汇搭配] hate to do/doing 讨厌做某事 [词汇用法] · hate即可作动词，也可以作名词。 I hate Monday mornings. 我讨厌星期一早晨。 I was 17 and filled with a lot of hate.我那时17岁，怀着满腔仇恨。 · hate to do与hate doing意义差别不大，跟不定式作宾语，常表示一次的动作，跟动名词，强调一般性倾向，表示对某种行为一贯的憎恶。 My mum hates making mistakes. 我妈妈憎恶犯错误。 The boy hated to go to school. 小男孩讨厌去上学。 14. *artist /ˈɑːtɪst/ n.美术家；艺术家 [词汇拓展] art (n.)艺术，美术；artistic(adj.)艺术的，艺术家的；精美的；有艺术天赋的 [词汇搭配] an artist一位美术家 [词汇例句] Whether you’re an experienced artist or just starting out, there is always something for everyone.无论你是一位经验丰富的艺术家还是刚刚起步，总有适合每个人的东西。 15. *quickly /ˈkwɪkli/ adv.快速地；很快 [词汇拓展] quick (adj.)快的；fast (adj./adv.)快的(地)；slow (adj.)慢的；slowly(adv.)慢地 [词汇搭配] run quickly跑得快 [词汇例句] He quickly put on his coat. 他快速地穿上外套。 [随学随练] 单项填空 Drivers should drive _____________ when they are passing by a school. A．terribly B．quickly C．slowly D．freely 【答案】C 【详解】句意：当他们正经过学校时，司机开车应该开慢点。考查副词辨析。A.可怕的地；B.快速地；C.慢慢地；D.自由地。结合句意可知选C。 16. *smile /smaɪl/ v.微笑；n.微笑；笑容 [词汇拓展] laugh(v.)笑 [词汇搭配] smile at冲某人微笑；smile one’s thanks微笑表示感谢；smile on有利于；垂青 [词汇例句] He had a big smile on his face.他笑容满面。 She smiled her thanks. 她笑了笑表示感谢。 17. catch v.捕捉；接住；赶上（公共汽车、火车、飞机等）；看见，听到；得病；引起，吸引(注意或兴趣) [词汇拓展] <过去式> caught [词汇搭配] catch the mouse抓住老鼠；catch the bus赶上汽车；catch a cold感冒 catch on时兴，理性；明白，认识到；catch sb's eye引起某人注意；惹人注目 be/get caught up in sth被卷入；陷入；catch up with 追上，赶上 [随学随练] 用catch翻译或补全句子。 (1) 我跳起来接住球，结果摔了个跟头。 I jumped up to catch the ball and fell over. (2) 猎人抓住了一只大狐狸。 The hunter caught a big fox. (3) 他发明了一种新的游戏，但从未真正流行起来。 He invented a new game, but it never really caught on. (4) 他们早起为了赶火车。 They got up early to catch the train. (5) 他因重感冒而缺课。 He was absent from school because he caught a bad cold. (6) 他跑得如此之快，以至于没有人能追上他。 He runs so quickly that no one can catch up with him. 18. sell v. 售卖 [词汇拓展] <过去式>sold；sale (n.)售卖；buy (v.)买 [词汇搭配] sell sth. to sb.(=sell sb. sth.)把某物卖给某人；sell out售罄，卖完 [词汇例句] One morning, Jane saw some elder children selling lemon juice by the street.一天早上， 简看到一些大孩子在街上卖柠檬汁。 19. cry v.大叫；哭 [词汇拓展] <过去式>cried；tear(n.)眼泪 [词汇搭配] cry out 大声呼喊；cry out for sth(通常用于进行时)迫切需要 [词汇例句] She cried out for help.她大声呼救。 We’re crying out for excellent teachers. 我们迫切需要优秀教师。 20. money n.钱；财富 [词汇搭配] *make money赚钱；save money 存钱；spend money花钱 [词汇例句] How much money is there in my account? 我的账上有多少钱？ [随学随练] The boy has a lot of pocket money. 那个小男孩有很多零花钱。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 描述故事开端的句子 Once upon a time,... 很久以前，... Long long ago,... 很久以前，... A long time ago, ... 很久以前，... There was once... 曾经有... There once lived... 曾经住着... 2. 感叹句 (教材原句)What lovely clothes. 多漂亮的衣服！ How unlucky! 真不幸啊！ 感叹句由what和how引导，主要有以下形式： (1) What+a/an+(形容词)+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)! What a clever boy (he is)! (他是)真聪明的一个男生！ (2) What+(形容词)+可数名词复数/不可数名词(+主语+谓语)! What terrible weather! 天气真糟糕！ What beautiful flowers! 多漂亮的花! (3) How+(形容词/副词)+(主语+谓语)！ How quickly the cat runs! 这猫跑得真快！ How careless the boy was! 真孩子真粗心！ 3. when和before引导时间状语从句 (教材原句)When I was a child, my favourite book was Peter Rabbit.当我还是个孩子的时候，我最喜欢的书是《彼得兔》。 (教材原句)The king waited for a few months before he grew angry. 在国王生气前，他等了好几个月。 (1) when引导时间状语从句，表示主句动词与从句动作同时发生。before引导时间状语从句，表示主句动作发生在从句动作之前。 (2) when与before引导从句时，主语时态若是过去的时态，从句也用相应的过去的时态。若主句动作是将来时，或者主句是祈使句，从句一般使用一般现在时，即遵循“主将从现”原则。 When the driver saw a man lying on the road, he got off the bus quickly to see what happened. 当司机看到一个男人躺在路上时，他迅速下了车，想看看发生了什么事。 如：Please ask him to call me when he arrives. 当他到达时请让他给我打电话。 He is going to be a computer programmer when he finishes college. 他大学毕业后将成为一 名计算机程序员。 4. It take+...+to do句型 (教材原句)It took me months to learn how to paint a horse well. 我花了几个月的时间才学会如何画好一匹马。 It takes+人+时间+to do sth. 表示“做某事花费某人多长时间”，takes根据时态不同进行相应的变化。 如：It will take us three days to finish the task.完成这项任务将要花费我们三天时间。 4、 单元语音学习 1. 辅音字母组合ch, ph, sh, th, wh的发音 字母组合 常见发音 例词 ch /tʃ/ chair; China; peach /k/ stomach; Christmas;school /ʃ/ machine; chef ph /f/ phone; photo; elephant sh /ʃ/ shoe; show; sheep th /θ/(词首或词尾) think; thin; both; bath /ð/(词中或代词、功能词首) father; feather; that; these wh /w/ what; white /h/ who; whose 2. 音的同化 (1) 两个相邻的音会相互影响而发生变化，其中一个音会受相邻音的影响而变变得与其相邻音相同或相似，或变成第三个音，这种现象叫做音的同化。 (2) 辅音/t/或/d/与/j/的连读中，发生同化。/t/与/j/发生同化，变成/tʃ/；/d/与/j/发生同化，变成/dʒ/。 如： Would you like some noodles? /wʊd ju/ → /wʊdʒu/ Nice to meet you. /mi:t ju/ → /mi:tʃu/ 5、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) In the past, hunters(猎人) killed animals for food. (2) Jake decided to tell the truth(决定说实话). But his wife stopped him. (3) They gave a lot of food for the people after the war(战争) last year. (4) The king(国王) of Qi was a wise(明智的) man. To make his state more powerful, he asked for advice.  (5) The girl is looking excitedly at her new dress, with a bright smile(微笑) on her face. (6) Mr. Green hates(讨厌) to walk to work. He always rides a bike. (7) People all over the world(全世界) love pandas, and the panda has become a symbol of China. (8) I felt proud when my teacher praised(赞扬) me for my science project. (9) Last week, I found myself in a difficult situation with my new neighbour(邻居). (10) He told a white lie(谎言) in order to protect his friend’s feelings. (11) I made a promise(做出承诺) to Frank that I would play badminton with him. (12) Everyone in the world does silly(愚蠢的) things sometimes. (13) Once upon a time(从前), an old man named Yu Gong tried to move the mountains. (14) At first (起初)，the girls were afraid of (害怕)the cats. (15) The woman made lots of money by selling oranges. Everyone here liked them. (16) An artist(一位艺术家) stood up and walked onto the stage quickly(快速地). 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) Now, lots of schools all over the world are using DeepSeek. DeepSeek must have a promising(promise) future. (2) His 17-year-old brother Nathan had promised to take(take) him to the new skate park this afternoon. (3) We should spend our pocket money wisely(wise) and use it to do something meaningful. (4) Please tell me what happened. I want to know the truth(true). Don’t tell lies(lie). (5) We saw an old man lying(lie) on the ground when we went through the park. (6) Three hours later, we lay(lie) down to rest. I was not hungry, but very sleepy. (7) Once you make a decision(decide), you should stick to it. (8) Amy decided to get(get) out of the little house. (9) If you find it hard to get on with your parents, don’t be afraid to ask(ask) for help. (10) They were tired and faced sudden(suddenly) storms, which made it hard to keep warm.  (11) A true(true) friend truly(true) cares about you. (12) Zhang Lixing hates exercising/to exercise(exercise) and he eats lots of junk food. (13) Wang Peng studies English by watching(watch) English movies. (14) It took Mr Green four months to finish(finish) the difficult task. (15) There were (be) many apples on the ground, but no one picked them up. (16) He lost(lose) his left arm when he climbed the mountain. (17) We still don’t know how to use(use) this new machine. (18) —Your painting (paint)of the Mount Huangshan is amazing! —Thanks! I painted(paint) it during the school art festival last month. 3. 单项填空。 (1) Once upon a time, ________ a little mouse and two little birds and they were good friends. A．there has B．there were C．there is D．there was 【答案】D 【详解】句意： 从前，有一只小老鼠和两只小鸟，它们是好朋友。 考查there be和动词时态。there be表示“有”，不和have连用，排除A；结合“Once upon a time”可知，时态是一般过去时，离be动词最近的主语“a little mouse”是单数，be动词用was。故选D。 (2) —I plan ________ Hong Kong this winter vacation. What about you? —I can’t decide where ________. A．to visit； to go B．visit； go C．visiting； going D．to visit； going 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个寒假我计划去香港。你呢？——我没有决定我要去哪里。 考查非谓语动词。to visit参观，to go去，动词不定式；visit参观，go去，动词原形；visiting参观，going去；现在分词或动名词。根据“I plan…Hong Kong this winter vacation.”可知，动词短语plan to do sth.表示“计划做某事”，plan意为“计划”，后常跟动词不定式作宾语；根据“I can’t decide where …”可知，decide后常跟疑问词+动词不定式作宾语。故选A。 (3) Paul is afraid of dogs, so he always runs away ________ when he sees them. A．early B．differently C．quickly D．slowly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：保罗怕狗，所以他一看到狗就跑得飞快。 考查副词辨析。early早；differently不同地；quickly快速地；slowly缓慢地。根据“Paul is afraid of dogs”可知，保罗因恐惧而加速逃跑。故选C。 (4) Although I’m twenty years old, I am still afraid ________ snakes. A．with B．for C．of D．at 【答案】C 【详解】句意：虽然我二十岁了，但我仍然害怕蛇。 考查介词辨析。with和；for为了；of……的；at在（某处）。be afraid of sth.“害怕某物”，是固定用法。故选C。 (5) —My father promised me ________ a mobile phone as my birthday gift. —Great! Did you promise ________ anything? A．with; doing B．with; to do C．/; to do D．/; doing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我爸爸答应给我一部手机作为生日礼物。——太棒了！你答应过要做什么吗？ 考查动词短语。promise sb. sth.“答应给某人某物”，promise to do sth.“承诺做某事”，固定用法。故选C。 (6) ________ nice day we’re having! A．How a B．What a C．What D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们过着多么美好的一天啊！ 考查感叹句。感叹句句型：①How+形容词/副词+主谓! ②What+名词短语+主谓! 句中nice day是名词短语，故用what引导感叹句，且day是可数名词单数，需加不定冠词a/an。故选B。 (7) The sky went dark ________ we arrived. A．if B．when C．because D．until 【答案】B 【详解】句意：当我们到达时，天空变黑了。 考查连词辨析。if如果；when当……时候；because因为；until直到。根据“The sky went dark...we arrived.”可知，从句在主句中应充当时间状语，表示“当……时候”应该用when，故选B。 (8) My brother ________ his homework before he went out to play. A．finished B．finish C．is finishing D．will finish 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我哥哥在出去玩之前完成了他的作业。 考查动词时态。根据时间状语“before he went out”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时态。“finished”是动词过去式。故选A。 (9) It took us two hours and a half ________ to the top of Mountain Huang. A．to get B．get C．got D．getting 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们花了两个半小时才到达黄山的山顶。 考查动词不定式。to get不定式；get动词原形；got过去式；getting动名词。根据题干，可知考查句型It takes sb. some time to do sth.“花费某人多长时间做某事”。it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故选A。 (10) —Why do you ______ to read the book? —Because I think it is boring. A．like B．hope C．hate D．decide 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你为什么讨厌读书？——因为我认为它无聊。A. like 喜欢；   B. hope 希望；   C. hate  讨厌；  D. decide决定；根据Because I think it is boring.可知是不喜欢；故选C (11) —Shall we hang out together? —________ It’s too dark. We’d better stay at home. A．Nice idea. B．That’s true. C．Don’t be silly. D．I’m afraid I can’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我们一起去逛街吧？——别傻了。天太黑了。我们最好待在家里。 考查情景交际。Nice idea好主意；That’s true那是对的；Don’t be silly别傻了；I’m afraid I can’t恐怕我不能。根据“We’d better stay at home.”可知说话人拒绝了外出提议。故选C。 (12) —The thief ________ to us. In fact, he didn’t ________ the purse on the cupboard. —Yeah. The police found it ________ at the corner of the kitchen. A．lied; lay; lied B．lay; lie; lying C．lied; lay; lying D．lay; lying; lied 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——小偷向我们撒谎了。事实上，他没有把钱包放在橱柜里。——是的，警察在厨房的角落里发现了。 考查动词辨析。lie动词，撒谎，过去式为lied，现在分词为lying；lie动词，平躺，位于，过去式为lay，现在分词为lying；lay动词，放置，过去式为laid，现在分词为laying。第一空考查lie to sb.“向某人撒谎”，句中使用一般过去时态，所以第一空为lied；第二空考查lay sth. on sp.“把……放在……上”，句中使用了didn’t+动词原形，所以第二空为lay；第三空考查现在分词lying作宾语补足语。the purse和lie“位于”之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词。故选C。 6、 技能提升综合练习 1. 补全对话 Teacher: So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong? Wang Ming: 1 Yu Gong found a good way to solve his problem. Claudia: Really? I think it’s a little bit silly. 2 . Wang Ming: But the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard! Yu Gong kept trying and didn’t give up. Claudia: 3 I think we should try to find other ways to solve a problem. Wang Ming: 4 . Claudia: Well, there are many other ways. 5 . That’s better and faster than moving a mountain! Teacher: You have different opinions about the story, 6 There are many sides to a story and many ways to understand it. A．and neither of you are wrong. B．For example, he could build a road. C．I think it’s really interesting. D．But what could Yu Gong do instead of moving the mountains? E．It doesn’t seem very possible to move a mountain. F．Well, I still don’t agree with you. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．F 4．D 5．B 6．A 【导语】本段对话中老师在和学生讨论愚公移山的故事。同学们对于这个故事有不同的观点，老师认为他们都对。 1．根据“So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?”可知，应回答对愚公移山的看法。选项C“我认为这真的很有趣。”符合，故选C。 2．根据“I think it’s a little bit silly”可知，Claudia认为愚公的做法有点愚蠢。选项E“移动一座山似乎不太可能。”符合，故选E。 3．根据“I think we should try to find other ways to solve a problem.”可知，Claudia和Wang Ming的观点不同。选项F“嗯，我还是不同意你的观点。”符合，故选F。 4．根据“Well, there are many other ways”可知，应该是问愚公应该如何做。选项D“但是愚公除了移山还能做什么呢？”符合，故选D。 5．根据“Well, there are many other ways”可知，应介绍一些方法。选项B“例如，他可以修一条路。”符合，故选B。 6．根据“You have different opinions about the story,...There are many sides to a story and many ways to understand it.”可知，老师最后作总结，认为两人说的都有道理。选项A“你们俩都没错。”符合，故选A。 2. 短文填空 根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一词。 Once there was a tree and a little boy. Every day the boy climbed (爬) the tree and played with her. As time went by, the boy g 1 older. One day the boy v 2 the tree. The tree said, “Come and climb up my trunk (树干).” “I am too big to climb,” said the boy. “I want some m 3 to buy things.” The tree said, “But I have no money. I only have apples. Take them to the city, 4 them and then you will have money.” The boy was happy, so he t 5 the apples and went away. Then one day the boy c 6 back. The tree said happily, “Come and play with me.” “I am too busy to play,” said the boy. “I just want a house to keep me warm.” The tree said, “You can u 7 my trunk and branches to build a house.” The boy did so. After a long time, the boy came back again. The tree said, “I’m so happy to see you, b 8 I have nothing to give you.” The boy said, “You have given me all I need. I d 9 to give back to you. I will s 10 with you for an hour every day and take care of you. I hope you can grow big again.” The tree was happy to hear this. 【答案】 1．(g)rew 2．(v)isited 3．(m)oney 4．sell 5．(t)ook 6．(c)ame 7．(u)se 8．(b)ut 9．(d)ecided 10．(s)tay 【导语】本文讲述了男孩和树的故事，树奉献一生助男孩成长，男孩感恩并守护老树。 1．句意：随着时间的流逝，男孩长大了。根据“older”以及首字母提示，此处指的男孩长大了，grow符合语境，该句是一般过去时，动词填过去式。故填(g)rew。 2．句意：一天，男孩来看望树。根据“One day the boy…the tree.”以及首字母提示，此处指的是看望树，visit“看望”，该句是一般过去时，动词填过去式。故填(v)isited。 3．句意：我想要些钱买东西。根据“to buy things.”以及首字母提示，此处指的需要钱，money“钱”符合语境，不可数名词，故填(m)oney。 4．句意：把它们拿到城里去卖了，你就有钱了。根据“them and then you will have money”可知，此处指的是卖了它们就有钱了，sell“卖”符合语境，该句是祈使句，填动词原形。故填sell。 5．句意：男孩很高兴，于是他拿起苹果走了。根据“the apples and went away.”以及首字母提示，此处指的拿苹果去卖，take符合语境，该句是一般过去时，动词填过去式。故填(t)ook。 6．句意：后来有一天，男孩回来了。根据“back”以及首字母提示，此处指回来，come back“回来”，该句是一般过去时，动词填过去式。故填(c)ame。 7．句意：树说：“你可以用我的树干和树枝来盖房子。”根据“my trunk and branches (树枝) to build a house.”以及首字母提示，此处指的用树干和树枝来盖房子，use“用”符合语境，can接动词原形。故填(u)se。 8．句意：树说：“我很高兴见到你，但是我没有东西可以给你。”根据“I have nothing to give you.”可知，后文语境发生了转折，but“但是”符合语境，故填(b)ut。 9．句意：我决定回报你。根据“to give back to you”以及首字母提示，此处指的是决定回报你，decide符合语境，该句是一般过去时，动词填过去式。故填(d)ecided。 10．句意：我会每天陪你一个小时，照顾你。根据“with you for an hour every day”以及首字母提示，此处指的是和你待在一起，stay with“和……在一起”，will接动词原形。故填(s)tay。 3. 阅读理解 A The frog king or Iron Henry “Oh, is it you, old swimmer?” said the King’s daughter, “I weep because my golden ball has fallen into the well.” “Never mind. Do not weep,” answered the frog, “I can help you; but what will you give me if I fetch up your ball again?” “Whatever you like, dear frog,” said she, “my clothes, jewels, or even my golden crown.” “Your clothes, jewels and golden crown are not for me,” answered the frog, “but if you will love me, and let me be your companion and play-fellow, then would I dive below the water and fetch your golden ball again.” “Oh yes,” she answered, “I will promise it all, whatever you want, if you will only get me my ball again.” But she thought to herself, “What nonsense he talks! Could it possibly be any one’s companion?” The frog drew his head under the water and sank down out of sight. After a while he came to the surface again with the ball in his mouth, and he threw it on the grass. The King’s daughter was overjoyed to see her pretty plaything again, and she caught it up and ran off with it. 1．Why did the King’s daughter weep? A．The frog scared her. B．She didn’t want to play. C．She lost her golden crown. D．Her golden ball fell into the well. 2．What did the frog want from the King’s daughter? A．Her clothes. B．Her jewels and crown. C．Her golden ball. D．To be her friend. 3．What did the King’s daughter think about the frog’s request? A．She was excited to have a frog friend. B．She promised to give him her crown. C．She thought it was a silly idea. D．She ignored him. 4．What is the correct order (顺序) of events in the story? ① The frog brought back the ball. ② The King’s daughter ran away. ③ The King’s daughter promised the frog’s. ④ The ball fell into the well. A．④ → ③ → ① → ② B．③ → ④ → ② → ① C．④ → ① → ③ → ② D．② → ④ → ③ → ① 5．What was the King’s daughter like in this story? A．Helpful. B．Polite. C．Dishonest. D．Friendly. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个公主对青蛙做了一个虚假的承诺，以成为青蛙的朋友为承诺，要青蛙帮她回她的金球，但拒绝遵守她的诺言，体现了青蛙的诚实守信和公主的虚伪和狡猾。 1．细节理解题。根据“I weep because my golden ball has fallen into the well.”可知，公主哭了是因为她的金球掉进井里了。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“if you will love me, and let me be your companion and play-fellow, then would I dive below the water and fetch your golden ball again.”可知，青蛙给公主拿回金球的条件是和公主交朋友，成为玩伴。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“What nonsense he talks! Could it possibly be any one’s companion?”可知，公主觉得青蛙的要求很愚蠢，人类不可能和青蛙交朋友。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“my golden ball has fallen into the well”、“I will promise it all”、“he came to the surface again with the ball in his mouth”和“she caught it up and ran off with it”可知，本文故事发展顺序：球掉了→公主承诺→青蛙捡球→公主逃跑。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“Could it possibly be any one's companion?”和“she caught it up and ran off with it”可知，公主表面上答应青蛙，心里却不打算守承诺，在拿到球之后就跑了，因此公主不诚信。故选C。 B Once a tortoise (乌龟) and two swans lived by a lake. They were very good friends. They spent many hours happily together. To their bad luck, there was no rain that year. The lake became dry. So they had to leave the lake to look for another place to live. The two swans could fly easily, but for the tortoise it was difficult. The three of them began to worry and wonder, unsure of what to do next. At last, the two swans had an idea. They said to the tortoise, “We will place a stick (棍子) in your mouth. We will carry the stick in our beaks (鸟嘴) on either side. This will make us fly together. But remember, you must not open your mouth. If you do, you know what will happen to you.” The tortoise was sad to leave the lake, but it agreed with the idea. One fine morning, they were flying over a large town. The people of the town were surprised at what they saw in the sky. They were very curious (好奇) about it and started shouting excitedly. The tortoise heard the noise and wondered what it was about. It forgot its promise and opened its mouth to ask curiously, “Why is there…? Ah…!” Sadly, down fell the tortoise, and died. The swans had no chance to save it. They were sad to lose their best friend but had to fly away and started their new life. 1．Why did the tortoise and two swans have to leave? A．The rain was heavy. B．The lake was dry. C．The food was not enough. D．The water was dirty. 2．How did the tortoise travel with the swans? A．The swans carried the tortoise with a stick. B．The tortoise decided to walk on its own. C．The swans tried to carry the tortoise on their backs. D．The tortoise asked people of the town for help. 3．According to the story, how did the tortoise’s feelings change? A．curious → sad → worried → happy B．worried → happy → curious → sad C．happy → worried → sad → curious D．sad → curious → happy → worried 4．What’s the best title for this passage? A．Curiosity (好奇) Killed the Tortoise. B．Best Friends Helped Each Other. C．New Life Came from Hard Work. D．A Good Idea Went a Long Way. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文讲述了一只乌龟和两只天鹅在飞越一个城镇时，因好奇人群的喧闹声，乌龟忘记了承诺，因为好奇而开口询问导致从空中坠落而死。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“To their bad luck, there was no rain that year. The lake became dry. So they had to leave the lake to look for another place to live.”可知，是因为天气干燥，湖水干涸了，不得不找个新家。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“We will place a stick in your mouth. We will carry the stick in our beaks on either side. This will make us fly together.”可知，天鹅在乌龟嘴里放一根棍子，然后分别叼在棍子的两端，带着乌龟飞行。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文中第一段中“They spent many hours happily together.”；第三段中“The three of them began to worry and wonder, unsure of what to do next.”；第五段中“The tortoise was sad to leave the lake, but it agreed with the idea.”及第七段中“It forgot its promise and opened its mouth to ask curiously”可知，在这个故事中，乌龟的感受是从开心的生活，到无法搬家的担心，在到离开湖泊的难过，最后是对城镇中人们的好奇。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了一只乌龟和两只天鹅在飞越一个城镇时，因好奇人群的喧闹声，乌龟忘记了承诺，因为好奇而开口询问导致从空中坠落而死。选项A“好奇心杀死了乌龟。”符合题意。故选A。 4. 完形填空 A great French writer says we should help others because we also need others’ help. And the small can also 1 the big. The writer tells the following 2 about this. An ant 3 water from a small river and falls into the river. “Help, help, help!” cries the ant. But she couldn’t move at all. The poor ant gets too 4 but she still does her best. A big bird sits on a nearby tree and sees her. The bird 5 throws (扔) a piece of wood. With the help of the wood, the ant gets out of the 6 in the end. When the ant rests in grass, she sees a(n) 7 coming up. The man carries a gun (枪) in his hand. As soon as the man sees the bird, he points his gun at her. The ant is so 8 that she bites (咬) him in one of his feet. The man gives out a loud cry. Hearing the sound, the bird 9 at once. The bird helps the ant, and the ant 10 the bird’s life. They both help each other. 1．A．bring B．help C．like D．follow 2．A．story B．dream C．rule D．word 3．A．sells B．wastes C．drinks D．buys 4．A．dirty B．tired C．sorry D．strict 5．A．early B．differently C．freely D．quickly 6．A．tree B．wood C．river D．gun 7．A．bird B．ant C．man D．writer 8．A．bored B．worried C．happy D．relaxed 9．A．goes out B．flies away C．gets up D．cuts up 10．A．saves B．loses C．changes D．respects 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文通过蚂蚁和鸟互相帮助的故事，说明弱小者也能帮助强大者，倡导人与人之间应该互相帮助。 1．句意：弱小者也能帮助强大者。 bring带来；help帮助；like喜欢；follow跟随。根据“because we also need others’ help”可知，这里谈论的是“帮助”。故选B。 2．句意：这位作家讲述了下面关于这个的故事。 story故事；dream梦想；rule规则；word单词。根据“tells the following…about this”和后文可知是讲述故事，故选A。 3．句意：一只蚂蚁从小河里喝水，掉进了河里。 sells卖；wastes浪费；drinks喝；buys买。根据“water from a small river”可知蚂蚁是在喝水，故选C。 4．句意：可怜的蚂蚁太累了，但她仍然尽力了。 dirty脏的；tired累的；sorry抱歉的；strict严格的。根据“she couldn’t move at all”可知蚂蚁累得动不了，故选B。 5．句意：鸟儿迅速扔下一块木头。 early早；differently不同地；freely自由地；quickly快速地。根据“throws a piece of wood”可知鸟儿快速扔下木头来救蚂蚁，故选D。 6．句意：在木头的帮助下，蚂蚁最终从河里出来了。 tree树；wood木头；river河；gun枪。根据前文“falls into the river”可知是从河里出来，故选C。 7．句意：当蚂蚁在草丛中休息时，她看到一个男人走过来。 bird鸟；ant蚂蚁；man男人；writer作家。根据“The man carries a gun (枪) in his hand.”可知是一个男人，故选C。 8．句意：蚂蚁非常担心，咬了他的脚。 bored无聊的；worried担心的；happy高兴的；relaxed放松的。根据“As soon as the man sees the bird, he points his gun at her”可知蚂蚁担心鸟的安危，故选B。 9．句意：听到声音，鸟儿立刻飞走了。 goes out出去；flies away飞走；gets up起床；cuts up切碎。根据“Hearing the sound”可知，鸟儿听到声音，立马飞走了，故选B。 10．句意：鸟儿帮助了蚂蚁，蚂蚁救了鸟的命。 saves拯救；loses失去；changes改变；respects尊重。根据“the ant…the bird’s life”和上文可知蚂蚁拯救了鸟儿的性命。故选A。 5. 任务型阅读 There was once an old and deep well. People got water by dropping a bucket(木桶) tied to a rope. The rope passed over a wheel just above the well. On the other side of the rope was another bucket. A strong pull brought one bucket to the top while the other down to the water. They always passed each other on the way up and down, but never had time to speak. At last, the rope became worn. So a new rope had to be put in its place. While this was being done, the two buckets were left standing together near the well. “What a boring life we have!” said one bucket to the other. “I am quite tired of it. No matter how full we come up, we are always sent down empty.” But the other bucket laughed and said, “What a funny way you have of looking at things! Don’t you see that whenever we are sent down empty, we always come up full?’ Boys and girls sometimes talk like these two buckets. You may hear one of them say, “Just as we are having a good game, we are made to stop and go to work again.” “Yes,” the other will reply, “but as soon as work is over, we always get to go out and have fun again.” There are two ways of looking at things. If you want to be happy, look at the bright side. 1．What were the buckets tied to? （不超过10个词） ____________________________________________ 2．Where did the two buckets talk with each other?（不超过10个词） ____________________________________________ 3．What does the story tell us?（不超过15个词） 【答案】1．A rope. / They were tied to a rope 2．Near the well. / They talked with each other near the well. 3．If we want to be happy, we should look at the bright side of things. 【分析】试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了水井里的两只木桶对同一件事的消极和积极态度。作者想告诉我们事物总是有两面性的，如果我们想快乐我们就要看到事物积极的一面。 1．根据There was once an old and deep well. People got water by dropping a bucket(木桶) tied to a rope. 可知木桶被栓到绳上。故填A rope. / They were tied to a rope 2．根据While this was being done, the two buckets were left standing together near the well. 故填Near the well. / They talked with each other near the well. 3．根据故事主要内容及最后作者的总结If you want to be happy, look at the bright side.故填If we want to be happy, we should look at the bright side of things. 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$