精品解析：广西壮族自治区贵港市平南县中学2024-2025学年高一下学期5月月考英语试题

平南县中学2025年春季期高一5月月考试题 英语 考试时间：120分钟；满分：150分 注意事项： 1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the woman see a dentist? A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. The day after tomorrow. 2. Where will Merlin go on Saturday morning? A. The beach. B. The park. C. Mr. Smith’s house. 3. How much are a dozen roses today? A. $30. B. $40. C. $50. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A travel experience. B. A tourist attraction. C. A history lesson. 5. How does the woman find the pizza? A. Wonderful. B. Terrible. C. Average. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In an office. C. At home. 7. What is the man going to do while having dinner? A. Answer the phone. B. Do some exercise. C. Listen to music. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What bothers Michael? A. He’s not sure about his future. B. He has no interest in studying. C. He isn’t allowed to attend a film school. 9. What does Michael often do after school? A. He plays football. B. He takes acting classes. C He watches English films. 10. What does the woman suggest Michael do? A. Talk with his friends. B. Perform in the school play. C. Stay at school until he’s 18. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. Who is Cory Nieves? A. Henry’s classmate. B. Henry’s cousin. C. Henry’s nephew. 12. What does Cory Nieves’ business focus on selling now? A. Hot chocolate. B. Lemonade. C. Cookies. 13. Why is Henry unable to work for Cory Nieves? A. He doesn’t meet the requirement. B. He is busy with his study. C. He is in poor health. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. Where did the man read the story? A. In a newspaper. B. In a magazine. C. On a website. 15. Who called the air traffic controller for help? A. A pilot. B. An air hostess. C. A passenger. 16. What did the air traffic controller do? A. He taught the man how to operate a plane. B. He asked his colleagues for help. C. He made a video of flying. 17. What happened to the plane in the end? A. It crashed. B. It landed safely. C. Its passengers got injured. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18 Who can take part in the program? A. Preteens. B. Teenagers. C. Adults. 19. What do previous participants in the program need to do? A. Apply for it again. B. Train new participants. C. Work longer hours. 20. Why are the participants advised to call the library? A. To submit formal permission. B. To get a paper application form. C. To share volunteer experience. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Best Attractions in Rome Vatican City Attractions of Vatican City include the Vatican Museums, St. Peter’s Basilica and the Sistine Chapel, making this area so immense and crowded. And there is a strict dress code in Vatican City: No shorts, short skirts, sleeveless tops. This means knees and upper arms to be covered. Short-or long-sleeved dresses that fall below the knee and pants with a T-shirt are ideal. Hours: Vatican Museums: Mon-Sat 8 a. m.-7 p. m. Price: Vatican Museums: 18 euros for adults; 8 euros for kids 6-18 St. Peter’s Basilica The center of Roman Catholicism, St. Peter’s Basilica is located in the heart of Vatican City and known for its amazing architecture. Many visitors enjoy climbing to the top of the dome (圆顶) and appreciate Rome’s spectacular landscape. Hours: 7 a. m.-7 p. m. daily Price: free Colosseum The site of many bloody fights, the Colosseum, which was opened in A. D.80, could then hold about 50,000 spectators. Not only were gladiators (角斗士) pitted against each other, but gladiators fighting animals and animal-on-animal fights were common as well. Today, it’s considered one of the world’s most famous landmarks. Hours: around 8:30 or 9 a. m.-6 p. m. daily Price: 20 euros for adults;20% off available for children Trevi Fountain A must-see on many travelers’ plans, the Trevi Fountain, is situated amongst a high concentration of hotels, shopping and nightlife in the Trevi district. Finished in the mid-1700s, it is a place with a distinct mythological character. According to Roman legend, throwing a coin into the Trevi, with your right hand over your left shoulder ensures you’ll return to Rome. This site is best viewed at night when lights illuminate the fountain. Hours: 24/7 daily Price: free 1. What are visitors required to do when visiting Vatican City? A. Get special permits. B. Wear proper clothes. C. Take various activities. D. Throw some coins. 2. How much does it cost a couple with a six-year-old kid to the Colosseum? A. 44 euros. B. 48 euros. C. 56 euros. D. 60 euros. 3. Where should visitors go if they want to explore the local life? A. Colosseum. B. St. Peter’s Basilica. C. Trevi Fountain. D. The Vatican Museum. B Lexie Alford, 21, said she recently became the youngest person to visit every country. Though her achievement is yet to be confirmed by the Guinness Book of World Records, Alford said she had been to 196 countries. While her adventures may have looked attractive and exciting on her social media account, Alford faced various difficulties such as visa rejections, financial struggles, and health issues like malaria and food poisoning. For most people, the barrier to seeing the world is lack of money, but Alford managed to fund her travels largely on her own. She started working various jobs and saving everything she had earned since she was 12 years old. Additionally, her mother owns a travel agency and it has helped her find the best deals and book ahead of time, contributing to significant savings on flights and hotels. As a solo (独自的) female traveler, Alford made safety a top concern when deciding how long to stay in a country, in addition to budget and personal interest. She spent over a month in countries like Egypt and Switzerland, where there was so much she could do and there were ways to make those trips financially reasonable. Then there are some countries like Mali, South Sudan, and Somalia which she would have loved to spend more than a few days exploring, but unfortunately she didn’t have enough money to take the proper security precautions (预防措施) necessary to travel throughout those countries. Despite experiencing intense loneliness at times, Alford thinks that solo travel is a rewarding experience that everyone should have at least once in their lives. After her travels, Alford now believes that every problem has a solution if you work hard enough. There are also a lot of sacrifices you have to make if you want to travel the world, but if it’s something you’ re truly passionate about, it only takes courage to pursue it. 4. How did Alford prepare for her travel financially? A. Through her earnings and savings. B. Through the support from her parents. C. By securing free flights and hotel stays. D. By managing her mother’s travel agency. 5. What made Alford only spend a few days in countries like Mali? A. Lack of interest in their attractions. B. Limited funds for safety measures. C. Intense loneliness during solo travel. D. Difficulty in communicating with locals. 6. What does Alford consider crucial to world travel after her journeys? A. Rich experience. B. Safety awareness. C. Spirit of adventure. D. Sincere enthusiasm. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. Security Tips for Solo Travelers B. Passion and Sacrifice on the Road C. Youngest Traveler Explores the World D. World Record for the Longest Hourney C Researchers at the University of Washington created a new web app, Self-Talk with Superhero Zip, aimed to help children develop skills like self-awareness and emotional management. At first, some parents were wary: In a world of Siri and Alexa, they are skeptical that the makers of such technologies are putting children’s welfare first. In Self-Talk with Superhero Zip, a chatbot guided pairs of siblings through lessons. The UW team found that, after speaking with the app for a week, most children could explain the concept of supportive self-talk and apply it in their daily lives. And kids who’d engaged in negative self-talk before the study were able to turn that habit positive. The UW team published its findings in June at the 2023 Interaction Design and Children conference. The app is still a prototype (雏形) and is not yet publicly available. Previous studies have shown children can learn various tasks and abilities from chatbots. Yet little research explores how chatbots can help kids effectively acquire socioemotional skills. “There is room to design child-centric experiences with a chatbot that provide fun and educational practice opportunities,” said senior author Alexis Hiniker, an associate professor in the UW Information School. “Over the last few decades, television programs like ‘Sesame Street,’ ‘Mister Rogers,’ and ‘Daniel Tiger’s Neighborhood’ have shown that it is possible for TV to help kids cultivate socioemotional skills. We asked: Can we make a space where kids can practice these skills in an interactive app? We wanted to create something useful and fun— a ‘Sesame Street’ experience for a smart speaker.” The length of these effects isn’t clear, researchers note. The study spanned just one week and the tendency for survey participants to respond in ways that make them look good could lead kids to speak positively about the app’s effects. “Our goal is to make the app accessible to a wider audience in the future,” said lead author Chris (Yue) Fu, a UW doctoral student in the iSchool. “We’re exploring the integration of large language models — the systems that power tech like ChatGPT — into our prototype and we plan to work with content creators to adapt existing socioemotional learning materials into our system. The hope is that these will facilitate more prolonged and effective interventions.” 8. What can we learn about Self-Talk? A. It encouraged kids to engage in positive talking. B. It could help kids explain complicated concepts. C. It could be already downloaded from UW’s website. D. It was welcomed by parents like Siri and Alexa. 9. “Sesame Street” is mentioned in this passage to show _________ of Self-Talk. A. The primary function. B. The promising prospect. C. The new-found popularity. D. The historical background. 10. Which may the follow-up research include? A. Larger amounts of kinds of languages. B. More characters with different background. C. New technology adopted like ChatGPT. D. Longer studies in more natural settings. 11. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the Self-Talk will _________. A. Adapt socioemotional material and reform the education system. B. Explore powerful technology and improve its effectiveness. C. Promote socioemotional learning and provide ongoing support. D. Combine large language models and lengthen its service time. D More than a third of the world’s population lives in dry lands, areas that experience significant water shortages. Scientists at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a unique solution to help people in these areas access clean drinking water. They developed a low-cost gel film (凝胶膜) that can pull water from the air in even the driest climate. Combining two simple ingredients, cellulose and konjac gum, the gel is inexpensive to produce. Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to 6 liters of water in a dry climate. For those living in a climate with relative humidity (湿度), one kilogram of gel can collect up to 13 liters of water a day. As the gel is so inexpensive and easy to make, it may offer a way of providing drinking water to countries with water shortages. Previously researchers have harvested fresh water from fog and dew, but that only serves areas with high humidity. Other attempts at pulling water from desert air are typically energy-intensive and do not produce much. In fact, this gel is a vast improvement from previous water harvesting technologies. The maximum water harvested has been 5.87 liters in places with relative humidity. This new gel doubles this amount, uses no energy and is simple to operate and it can be made into a shape or size that best suits the user. “This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest, driest places on Earth,” said Guihua Yu, professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. “This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water to have simple, water generating devices at home that they can easily operate.” “This is not something you need an advanced degree to use,” the paper’s lead author, Youhong Guo said. “It’s straightforward enough that anyone can make it at home if they have the materials.” Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the yield, making this technology a practicable solution to drought. 12. What can we know about the gel film from paragraph 2? A. It can increase the humidity of the air. B. It can harvest drinking water from the air. C. It has been widely applied in desert areas. D. It costs lots of money and energy to produce. 13. What is the third paragraph mainly about? A. The advantages of the new gel. B. The process of producing the new gel. C. The tough living conditions in dry regions. D. The theory of water harvesting technologies. 14. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A. An advanced degree. B. An expensive material. C A water harvesting device. D. A non-stopping condition of drought. 15. What do scientists plan to do next? A. Develop a thicker gel. B. Raise money for further research. C. Produce the gel in large quantities. D. Teach people to make the gel at home. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A hearty laugh means the same thing on every continent: joy.___16___ when we laugh with someone else. Scientists have found that people around the world can tell whether people are friends or strangers by listening to them laughing together. And the ability is globally owned by people.___17___. The study, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, used a simple experiment. Psychologist Gregory Bryant recorded pairs of college students having conversations. Some were friends.___18___. He then picked out just the parts in which the two people were laughing. Each cut was only about one second long. Then Bryant and his colleagues at the University of California, Los Angeles, first had volunteers listen to the records of laughter.___19___. They ran the experiment in 24 societies around the globe, including indigenous tribes (土著部落) in New Guinea, tiny villages in Peru and cities in India and China. ___20___. They were good at telling whether women were friends. But for other pairs — like two men laughing — it was harder. On average, listeners guessed correctly only about 60 percent of the time. Details about what laughter means require cross-cultural studies. Even in the most remote places on Earth, a laugh among friends is a special sound. A. Laughter does good to you B. Some hardly knew each other C. People weren’t perfect at the task D. But our laughter may reveal more than we realise E. In other words, it isn’t limited by culture and language F. So laugh a hearty laugh for at least three times every day G. Then the volunteers were asked to guess whether the people were friends or strangers 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Elizabeth Anionwu, who received four honorary degrees for her excellent work in nursing, has devoted her life to ____21____ the lives of thousands in the local community who are ____22____ from sickle cell disease. Born in 1947 to a 20-year-old Irish student and a Nigerian law student, Elizabeth was ____23____ by poverty in her early life, which led her family to put her in an organization ____24____ by a woman. It was a childhood filled with ____25____—in the organization she was made to stand with a dirty sheet over her head as a ____26____ for wetting the bed. “The woman would hit me with a ruler if my arms got tired. Even now, decades later, I still remember that ____27____ conduct.” But a kind-hearted nursing woman who treated her illness when she was four ____28____ her to become a nurse. At 16 she started working as a nurse in the school ____29____. It was the start of a 50-year _____30_____ as a nurse and professor. Her _____31_____ for helping the sick led her, alongside Dr. Misha Brozovic to set up the UK’s first sickle cell disease and thalassaemia (地中海贫血症) _____32_____ centre in 1979. Dame (女爵士) Elizabeth, now 72, became the UK’s first sickle cell disease nurse specialist. She was _____33_____ involved in setting up the Sickle Cell Society, which this year _____34_____ its 41st anniversary. In 2019, Dame Elizabeth was _____35_____ with the Pride of Britain Lifetime Achievement Award for her great services to nursing. 21. A. increasing B. improving C. treating D. perfecting 22. A. leaving B. learning C. retiring D. suffering 23. A. deserted B. ignored C. troubled D. defeated 24. A. operated B. abandoned C. donated D. discovered 25. A. cruelty B. surprise C. kindness D. wilderness 26. A. lesson B. punishment C. lecture D. award 27. A. undesirable B. unimaginative C. insensible D. inhuman 28. A. begged B. required C. inspired D. reminded 29. A. stadium B. library C. campus D. clinic 30. A. journey B. devotion C. development D. career 31. A. freedom B. passion C. sympathy D. anxiety 32. A. living B. resting C. consulting D. exchanging 33. A. currently B. fortunately C. actively D. eventually 34. A. celebrated B. hosted C. congratulated D. remembered 35. A. appointed B. provided C. offered D. presented 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lushan National Park, ____36____ (locate) in the south of Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, has attracted visitors throughout China for more than two thousand years. Although it’s not a known spot for Western people, this park is ____37____ (huge) popular with Chinese people. It is ____38____ must-see place for any traveler in China. There are many beautiful plants and animals in the mountainous area. One of the most amazing ____39____ (attraction) in the park is Hanpo Pass. From here, you can look down, ____40____ (enjoy) a lake that’s several hundred meters below. This park is famous for more than its scenery. The whole region is a site of great ____41____ (significant) in Chinese culture. Throughout Chinese history, it has seen many great thinkers, artists and writers, all of ____42____ thought highly of its beauty. And there are many historic buildings, including temples, study halls and libraries. In recent years, with more and more people visiting the park, many rules have been made ____43____ (protect) it from being damaged. Despite the hike ____44____ tourism, a 50,000-hectare nature reserve has been set up around the area. So far, great progress _____45_____ (make) by the Chinese government in reducing the negative effects of mass tourism. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（共1小题，满分15分） 46. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以“最难忘的老师”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1.人物介绍； 2.难忘的原因。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 The most unforgettable teacher There are many unforgettable people around us. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In a suburb of London, there lived a teenage boy, Tom, who was going through the typical rebellious (叛逆的) period like many teenagers. He felt his parents, especially his father, were constantly trying to control every aspect of his life. Tom started to come home late, ignoring the requirements his parents had set. He would skip doing his homework, preferring to play video games in his room. When it came to his appearance, Tom chose to dress in a way that his parents disapproved of. He would wear baggy clothes with holes and put on a large amount of chains and studs (饰钉) . His hair was dyed an unusual color and styled in a spiky (刺猬式的) manner. Tom's father Mr. Johnson, was a strict man who believed in obeying rules and hard work. He spared no effort to support the family and always encouraged Tom to achieve excellence. He had high expectations for Tom. Therefore, he would often complain about Tom's grades, choice of friends and untidy room. One day, Tom came home with a new haircut that annoyed his father. “What on earth is this? You look strange,” Mr. Johnson scolded (责骂) . Tom replied angrily, “It's my hair, and I can do whatever I want with it. You're always trying to control me.” This led to a huge argument, and Tom stormed off to his room, slamming the door behind him. As time went on, the relationship between Tom and his father grew worse. Tom would avoid spending time with his family, preferring to hang out or alone in his room. When asked to help with housework, he would roll his eyes and complain that they were always bossing him around. His mother was trying to mediate between the two but with little success. However, a turning point came when Tom was asked to prepare a presentation about family values. As he started to research on the topic, he realized his father's special form of love, although in a tough way. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Recalling what his father had done for the family, Tom decided to take the first step towards the end of the situation. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ His father's expression softened ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 平南县中学2025年春季期高一5月月考试题 英语 考试时间：120分钟；满分：150分 注意事项： 1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the woman see a dentist? A. Today. B. Tomorrow. C. The day after tomorrow. 2. Where will Merlin go on Saturday morning? A. The beach. B. The park. C. Mr. Smith’s house. 3. How much are a dozen roses today? A. $30. B. $40. C. $50. 4. What are the speakers talking about? A. A travel experience. B. A tourist attraction. C. A history lesson. 5. How does the woman find the pizza? A. Wonderful. B. Terrible. C. Average. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a restaurant. B. In an office. C. At home. 7. What is the man going to do while having dinner? A. Answer the phone. B. Do some exercise. C. Listen to music. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8. What bothers Michael? A. He’s not sure about his future. B. He has no interest in studying. C. He isn’t allowed to attend a film school. 9. What does Michael often do after school? A. He plays football. B. He takes acting classes. C He watches English films. 10. What does the woman suggest Michael do? A. Talk with his friends. B. Perform in the school play. C. Stay at school until he’s 18. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 11. Who is Cory Nieves? A. Henry’s classmate. B. Henry’s cousin. C. Henry’s nephew. 12. What does Cory Nieves’ business focus on selling now? A. Hot chocolate. B. Lemonade. C. Cookies. 13. Why is Henry unable to work for Cory Nieves? A. He doesn’t meet the requirement. B. He is busy with his study. C. He is in poor health. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14. Where did the man read the story? A. In a newspaper. B. In a magazine. C. On a website. 15. Who called the air traffic controller for help? A. A pilot. B. An air hostess. C. A passenger. 16. What did the air traffic controller do? A. He taught the man how to operate a plane. B. He asked his colleagues for help. C. He made a video of flying. 17. What happened to the plane in the end? A. It crashed. B. It landed safely. C. Its passengers got injured. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. Who can take part in the program? A. Preteens. B. Teenagers. C. Adults. 19. What do previous participants in the program need to do? A. Apply for it again. B. Train new participants. C. Work longer hours. 20. Why are the participants advised to call the library? A. To submit formal permission. B. To get a paper application form. C. To share volunteer experience. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The Best Attractions in Rome Vatican City Attractions of Vatican City include the Vatican Museums, St. Peter’s Basilica and the Sistine Chapel, making this area so immense and crowded. And there is a strict dress code in Vatican City: No shorts, short skirts, sleeveless tops. This means knees and upper arms to be covered. Short-or long-sleeved dresses that fall below the knee and pants with a T-shirt are ideal. Hours: Vatican Museums: Mon-Sat 8 a. m.-7 p. m. Price: Vatican Museums: 18 euros for adults; 8 euros for kids 6-18 St. Peter’s Basilica The center of Roman Catholicism, St. Peter’s Basilica is located in the heart of Vatican City and known for its amazing architecture. Many visitors enjoy climbing to the top of the dome (圆顶) and appreciate Rome’s spectacular landscape. Hours: 7 a. m.-7 p. m. daily Price: free Colosseum The site of many bloody fights, the Colosseum, which was opened in A. D.80, could then hold about 50,000 spectators. Not only were gladiators (角斗士) pitted against each other, but gladiators fighting animals and animal-on-animal fights were common as well. Today, it’s considered one of the world’s most famous landmarks. Hours: around 8:30 or 9 a. m.-6 p. m. daily Price: 20 euros for adults;20% off available for children Trevi Fountain A must-see on many travelers’ plans, the Trevi Fountain, is situated amongst a high concentration of hotels, shopping and nightlife in the Trevi district. Finished in the mid-1700s, it is a place with a distinct mythological character. According to Roman legend, throwing a coin into the Trevi, with your right hand over your left shoulder ensures you’ll return to Rome. This site is best viewed at night when lights illuminate the fountain. Hours: 24/7 daily Price: free 1. What are visitors required to do when visiting Vatican City? A. Get special permits. B. Wear proper clothes. C. Take various activities. D. Throw some coins. 2. How much does it cost a couple with a six-year-old kid to the Colosseum? A. 44 euros. B. 48 euros. C. 56 euros. D. 60 euros. 3. Where should visitors go if they want to explore the local life? A. Colosseum. B. St. Peter’s Basilica. C. Trevi Fountain. D. The Vatican Museum. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了罗马最吸引人的四大景点。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Vatican City部分“And there is a strict dress code in Vatican City: No shorts, short skirts, sleeveless tops. This means knees and upper arms to be covered. Short-or long-sleeved dresses that fall below the knee and pants with a T-shirt are ideal.(梵蒂冈城有严格的着装要求：禁止穿短裤、短裙和无袖上衣。这意味着膝盖和上臂要被覆盖。膝盖以下的短袖或长袖连衣裙和带T恤的裤子是理想的)”可知，梵蒂冈城有严格的着装要求，所以需要穿合适的衣服。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Colosseum部分“Price: 20 euros for adults; 20% off available for children.(价格：成人20欧元；儿童可享受八折优惠)”可知，成人的票价为20欧元，儿童的票价打8折为16欧元，所以一对夫妻和一个孩子票价总计为20*2+16=56欧元。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据Trevi Fountain部分“A must-see on many travelers’ plans, the Trevi Fountain, is situated amongst a high concentration of hotels, shopping and nightlife in the Trevi district.(特雷维喷泉是许多旅行者计划中必看的景点，位于特雷维区酒店、购物和夜生活的高度集中地带)”可知，特雷维喷泉，位于特雷维区酒店、购物和夜生活的高度集中的区域，适合体验当地的生活。故选C项。 B Lexie Alford, 21, said she recently became the youngest person to visit every country. Though her achievement is yet to be confirmed by the Guinness Book of World Records, Alford said she had been to 196 countries. While her adventures may have looked attractive and exciting on her social media account, Alford faced various difficulties such as visa rejections, financial struggles, and health issues like malaria and food poisoning. For most people, the barrier to seeing the world is lack of money, but Alford managed to fund her travels largely on her own. She started working various jobs and saving everything she had earned since she was 12 years old. Additionally, her mother owns a travel agency and it has helped her find the best deals and book ahead of time, contributing to significant savings on flights and hotels. As a solo (独自的) female traveler, Alford made safety a top concern when deciding how long to stay in a country, in addition to budget and personal interest. She spent over a month in countries like Egypt and Switzerland, where there was so much she could do and there were ways to make those trips financially reasonable. Then there are some countries like Mali, South Sudan, and Somalia which she would have loved to spend more than a few days exploring, but unfortunately she didn’t have enough money to take the proper security precautions (预防措施) necessary to travel throughout those countries. Despite experiencing intense loneliness at times, Alford thinks that solo travel is a rewarding experience that everyone should have at least once in their lives. After her travels, Alford now believes that every problem has a solution if you work hard enough. There are also a lot of sacrifices you have to make if you want to travel the world, but if it’s something you’ re truly passionate about, it only takes courage to pursue it. 4. How did Alford prepare for her travel financially? A. Through her earnings and savings. B. Through the support from her parents. C. By securing free flights and hotel stays. D. By managing her mother’s travel agency. 5. What made Alford only spend a few days in countries like Mali? A. Lack of interest in their attractions. B. Limited funds for safety measures. C. Intense loneliness during solo travel. D. Difficulty in communicating with locals. 6. What does Alford consider crucial to world travel after her journeys? A. Rich experience. B. Safety awareness. C. Spirit of adventure. D. Sincere enthusiasm. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. Security Tips for Solo Travelers B. Passion and Sacrifice on the Road C. Youngest Traveler Explores the World D. World Record for the Longest Hourney 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了21岁的莱西·阿尔福德最近成为了走遍所有国家的最年轻的人的事迹。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“For most people, the barrier to seeing the world is lack of money, but Alford managed to fund her travels largely on her own. She started working various jobs and saving everything she had earned since she was 12 years old. (对大多数人来说，缺少钱是环游世界的障碍，但阿尔福德却主要靠自己的钱来支付她的旅行费用。她开始做各种各样的工作，从12岁起就把所有挣来的钱都存起来。)”可知，阿尔福德是通过她的收入和储蓄为她的旅行做经济准备的。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Then there are some countries like Mali, South Sudan, and Somalia which she would have loved to spend more than a few days exploring, but unfortunately she didn’t have enough money to take the proper security precautions (预防措施) necessary to travel throughout those countries. (还有一些国家，比如马里、南苏丹和索马里，她本想多花几天时间去探索，但不幸的是，她没有足够的钱在这些国家旅行时采取必要的安全预防措施。)”可知，阿尔福德只在像马里这样的国家待几天是因为用于安全措施的资金有限。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“There are also a lot of sacrifices you have to make if you want to travel the world, but if it’s something you’ re truly passionate about, it only takes courage to pursue it. (如果你想环游世界，你也必须做出很多牺牲，但如果这是你真正热爱的事情，你只需要勇气去追求它。)”可知，阿尔福德认为真正的热爱是实现环游世界的关键。故选D项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“Lexie Alford, 21, said she recently became the youngest person to visit every country. Though her achievement is yet to be confirmed by the Guinness Book of World Records, Alford said she had been to 196 countries. (21岁的莱西·阿尔福德（Lexie Alford）说，她最近成为了走遍所有国家的最年轻的人。虽然她的成就还没有被吉尼斯世界纪录确认，但阿尔福德说她已经去过196个国家。)”可知，文章主要讲述了21岁的莱西·阿尔福德最近成为了走遍所有国家的最年轻的人的事迹。故这篇文章最好的标题是“最年轻的旅行者探索世界”。故选C项。 C Researchers at the University of Washington created a new web app, Self-Talk with Superhero Zip, aimed to help children develop skills like self-awareness and emotional management. At first, some parents were wary: In a world of Siri and Alexa, they are skeptical that the makers of such technologies are putting children’s welfare first. In Self-Talk with Superhero Zip, a chatbot guided pairs of siblings through lessons. The UW team found that, after speaking with the app for a week, most children could explain the concept of supportive self-talk and apply it in their daily lives. And kids who’d engaged in negative self-talk before the study were able to turn that habit positive. The UW team published its findings in June at the 2023 Interaction Design and Children conference. The app is still a prototype (雏形) and is not yet publicly available. Previous studies have shown children can learn various tasks and abilities from chatbots. Yet little research explores how chatbots can help kids effectively acquire socioemotional skills. “There is room to design child-centric experiences with a chatbot that provide fun and educational practice opportunities,” said senior author Alexis Hiniker, an associate professor in the UW Information School. “Over the last few decades, television programs like ‘Sesame Street,’ ‘Mister Rogers,’ and ‘Daniel Tiger’s Neighborhood’ have shown that it is possible for TV to help kids cultivate socioemotional skills. We asked: Can we make a space where kids can practice these skills in an interactive app? We wanted to create something useful and fun— a ‘Sesame Street’ experience for a smart speaker.” The length of these effects isn’t clear, researchers note. The study spanned just one week and the tendency for survey participants to respond in ways that make them look good could lead kids to speak positively about the app’s effects. “Our goal is to make the app accessible to a wider audience in the future,” said lead author Chris (Yue) Fu, a UW doctoral student in the iSchool. “We’re exploring the integration of large language models — the systems that power tech like ChatGPT — into our prototype and we plan to work with content creators to adapt existing socioemotional learning materials into our system. The hope is that these will facilitate more prolonged and effective interventions.” 8. What can we learn about Self-Talk? A. It encouraged kids to engage in positive talking. B. It could help kids explain complicated concepts. C. It could be already downloaded from UW’s website. D. It was welcomed by parents like Siri and Alexa. 9. “Sesame Street” is mentioned in this passage to show _________ of Self-Talk. A. The primary function. B. The promising prospect. C. The new-found popularity. D. The historical background. 10. Which may the follow-up research include? A. Larger amounts of kinds of languages. B. More characters with different background. C. New technology adopted like ChatGPT. D. Longer studies in more natural settings. 11. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the Self-Talk will _________. A. Adapt socioemotional material and reform the education system. B. Explore powerful technology and improve its effectiveness. C Promote socioemotional learning and provide ongoing support. D. Combine large language models and lengthen its service time. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个名为Self-Talk的应用程序旨在帮助孩子们培养自我意识和情绪管理等技能。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“In Self-Talk with Superhero Zip, a chatbot guided pairs of siblings through lessons. The UW team found that, after speaking with the app for a week, most children could explain the concept of supportive self-talk and apply it in their daily lives.(在与超级英雄Zip的自言自语中，一个聊天机器人指导兄弟姐妹们学习课程。华盛顿大学的研究小组发现，在与应用程序交谈一周后，大多数孩子都能解释支持性自我对话的概念，并将其应用到日常生活中)”可知，Self-Talk鼓励孩子们进行积极的对话。故选A。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“There is room to design child-centric experiences with a chatbot that provide fun and educational practice opportunities(通过聊天机器人设计以儿童为中心的体验是有空间的，它可以提供有趣和有教育意义的实践机会)”以及“We asked: Can we make a space where kids can practice these skills in an interactive app? We wanted to create something useful and fun— a ‘Sesame Street’ experience for a smart speaker.”(我们的问题是：我们能否创造一个空间，让孩子们在一个互动应用程序中练习这些技能？我们想创造一些有用又有趣的东西——为智能音箱创造一种‘芝麻街’的体验。”)”可推知，提到Sesame Street是为了表明Self-Talk 这个应用程序是有前景，有未来的。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“The length of these effects isn’t clear, researchers note. The study spanned just one week and the tendency for survey participants to respond in ways that make them look good could lead kids to speak positively about the app’s effects.(研究人员指出，这些影响的持续时间尚不清楚。这项研究仅持续了一周，调查参与者倾向于以让自己看起来不错的方式做出回应，这可能会让孩子们积极评价这款应用的效果)”可知，后续研究可能包括在更自然的环境中进行更长时间的研究。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We’re exploring the integration of large language models — the systems that power tech like ChatGPT — into our prototype and we plan to work with content creators to adapt existing socioemotional learning materials into our system. The hope is that these will facilitate more prolonged and effective interventions.(我们正在探索将大型语言模型(支持ChatGPT等技术的系统)集成到我们的原型中，我们计划与内容创建者合作，将现有的社会情感学习材料改编到我们的系统中。希望这些将促进更长期和有效的干预)”可推知，Self-Talk会促进社会情感学习并提供持续支持。故选C。 D More than a third of the world’s population lives in dry lands, areas that experience significant water shortages. Scientists at the University of Texas at Austin have developed a unique solution to help people in these areas access clean drinking water. They developed a low-cost gel film (凝胶膜) that can pull water from the air in even the driest climate. Combining two simple ingredients, cellulose and konjac gum, the gel is inexpensive to produce. Just one kilogram of gel can absorb up to 6 liters of water in a dry climate. For those living in a climate with relative humidity (湿度), one kilogram of gel can collect up to 13 liters of water a day. As the gel is so inexpensive and easy to make, it may offer a way of providing drinking water to countries with water shortages. Previously, researchers have harvested fresh water from fog and dew, but that only serves areas with high humidity. Other attempts at pulling water from desert air are typically energy-intensive and do not produce much. In fact, this gel is a vast improvement from previous water harvesting technologies. The maximum water harvested has been 5.87 liters in places with relative humidity. This new gel doubles this amount, uses no energy and is simple to operate and it can be made into a shape or size that best suits the user. “This new work is about practical solutions that people can use to get water in the hottest, driest places on Earth,” said Guihua Yu, professor at the Cockrell School of Engineering. “This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water to have simple, water generating devices at home that they can easily operate.” “This is not something you need an advanced degree to use,” the paper’s lead author, Youhong Guo said. “It’s straightforward enough that anyone can make it at home if they have the materials.” Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the yield, making this technology a practicable solution to drought. 12. What can we know about the gel film from paragraph 2? A. It can increase the humidity of the air. B. It can harvest drinking water from the air. C. It has been widely applied in desert areas. D. It costs lots of money and energy to produce. 13. What is the third paragraph mainly about? A. The advantages of the new gel. B. The process of producing the new gel. C. The tough living conditions in dry regions. D. The theory of water harvesting technologies. 14. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A. An advanced degree. B. An expensive material. C. A water harvesting device. D. A non-stopping condition of drought. 15. What do scientists plan to do next? A. Develop a thicker gel. B. Raise money for further research. C. Produce the gel in large quantities. D. Teach people to make the gel at home. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的科学家开发了一种低成本的凝胶膜，它可以帮助干旱地区的人们从空气中获得清洁的饮用水。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“They developed a low-cost gel film that can pull water from the air in even the driest climate.(他们开发了一种低成本的凝胶膜，即使在最干燥的气候下也能从空气中吸收水分。)”，以及“As the gel is so inexpensive and easy to make, it may offer a way of providing drinking water to countries with water shortages.(由于这种凝胶既便宜又容易制造，它可能为水资源短缺的国家提供饮用水。)”可知，这种凝胶膜可以吸收空气中的水分，可能成为为水资源短缺的国家提供饮用水的一种方式。故选B项。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第三段的关键句“In fact, this gel is a vast improvement from previous water harvesting technologies.(事实上，这种凝胶是对以前的水收集技术的巨大改进。)”以及“This new gel doubles this amount, uses no energy and is simple to operate and it can be made into a shape or size that best suits the user.(这种新型凝胶的收集量翻了一番，不消耗能量，操作简单，可以被制成最适合用户的形状或大小。)”可知，该段主要讲述了这种凝胶膜是在以前的水收集技术上的巨大改进，收集量大大提高，不耗能，易操作，且具有便捷携带性。即，该段主要讲到了这种凝胶膜的优势。故选A项。 【14题详解】 词义猜测题。分析可知，该段内容与上一段内容均是对这种凝胶膜的积极评价，因此结合前后文语境可推知，“it”所在句“It’s straightforward enough that anyone can make it at home if they have the materials.”与前文“This could allow millions of people without consistent access to drinking water to have simple, water generating devices at home that they can easily operate.(这将使数百万无法持续获得饮用水的人在家中拥有简单的、易于操作的产水装置。)”为同义句表达，由此可推知，“it”应与前文“water generating devices(产水装置)”所指相同。故选C项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章末尾句内容“Scientists are planning on making a thicker gel that will increase the yield, making this technology a practicable solution to drought.(科学家们正计划制造一种更厚的凝胶，以提高产量，使这项技术成为解决干旱的可行方案。)”可知，科学家们正在计划研制一种更厚的凝胶，因此可推知，科学家下一步要做的是制造一种更厚的凝胶。故选A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A hearty laugh means the same thing on every continent: joy.___16___ when we laugh with someone else. Scientists have found that people around the world can tell whether people are friends or strangers by listening to them laughing together. And the ability is globally owned by people.___17___. The study, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, used a simple experiment. Psychologist Gregory Bryant recorded pairs of college students having conversations. Some were friends.___18___. He then picked out just the parts in which the two people were laughing. Each cut was only about one second long. Then Bryant and his colleagues at the University of California, Los Angeles, first had volunteers listen to the records of laughter.___19___. They ran the experiment in 24 societies around the globe, including indigenous tribes (土著部落) in New Guinea, tiny villages in Peru and cities in India and China. ___20___. They were good at telling whether women were friends. But for other pairs — like two men laughing — it was harder. On average, listeners guessed correctly only about 60 percent of the time. Details about what laughter means require cross-cultural studies. Even in the most remote places on Earth, a laugh among friends is a special sound. A. Laughter does good to you B. Some hardly knew each other C. People weren’t perfect at the task D. But our laughter may reveal more than we realise E. In other words, it isn’t limited by culture and language F. So laugh a hearty laugh for at least three times every day G. Then the volunteers were asked to guess whether the people were friends or strangers 【答案】16. D 17. E 18. B 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。科学家发现，世界各地的人都能通过听他们一起笑来判断他们是朋友还是陌生人。这种能力是全人类共同拥有的。文章介绍了相关的研究以及发现。 【16题详解】 根据上文“A hearty laugh means the same thing on every continent: joy.(发自肺腑的笑声在每个大洲都意味着同一件事：快乐)”可知，上文提到了笑声代表的意义，结合后文论述了笑声所代表的其他意义，故D选项“但是我们的笑声可能比我们意识到的更多”符合语境，故选D。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Scientists have found that people around the world can tell whether people are friends or strangers by listening to them laughing together. And the ability is globally owned by people.(科学家发现，世界各地的人都能通过听他们一起笑来判断他们是朋友还是陌生人。这种能力是全人类共同拥有的)”可知，上文提到了通过听笑声就能分辨发出笑声的人是不是彼此的朋友，且这种能力是全人类共同拥有的，说明不受文化和语言的限制，故E选项“换句话说，它不受文化和语言的限制”符合语境，故选E。 【18题详解】 根据上文“The study, published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, used a simple experiment. Psychologist Gregory Bryant recorded pairs of college students having conversations. Some were friends.(这项发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上的研究使用了一个简单的实验。心理学家格雷戈里·布莱恩特录下了一对对大学生的谈话。有些是朋友)”可知，本句是在说明参加实验的对象的特点：有些是朋友，有些人彼此几乎不认识。故B选项“有些人彼此几乎不认识”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据上文“He then picked out just the parts in which the two people were laughing. Each cut was only about one second long. Then Bryant and his colleagues at the University of California, Los Angeles, first had volunteers listen to the records of laughter.(然后他挑出两个人笑的部分。每一段只有一秒钟长。然后，布莱恩特和他在加州大学洛杉矶分校的同事们首先让志愿者们听笑声的录音)”可知，本句继续承接上文说明实验经过：志愿者被要求猜测这些人是朋友还是陌生人，G选项中the volunteers对应上文volunteers。故G选项“然后志愿者被要求猜测这些人是朋友还是陌生人”符合语境，故选G。 【20题详解】 根据后文“They were good at telling whether women were friends. But for other pairs — like two men laughing — it was harder. On average, listeners guessed correctly only about 60 percent of the time.(他们善于判断女性是否是朋友。但对于其他的一对——比如两个笑着的男人——就更难了。平均而言，听者只有60%的时间猜对了)”可知，后文主要论述了志愿者的实验表现，且提到听者只有60%的时间猜对了，说明表现并不完美。故C选项“人们在这项任务上并不完美”符合语境，故选C。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Elizabeth Anionwu, who received four honorary degrees for her excellent work in nursing, has devoted her life to ____21____ the lives of thousands in the local community who are ____22____ from sickle cell disease. Born in 1947 to a 20-year-old Irish student and a Nigerian law student, Elizabeth was ____23____ by poverty in her early life, which led her family to put her in an organization ____24____ by a woman. It was a childhood filled with ____25____—in the organization she was made to stand with a dirty sheet over her head as a ____26____ for wetting the bed. “The woman would hit me with a ruler if my arms got tired. Even now, decades later, I still remember that ____27____ conduct.” But a kind-hearted nursing woman who treated her illness when she was four ____28____ her to become a nurse. At 16 she started working as a nurse in the school ____29____. It was the start of a 50-year _____30_____ as a nurse and professor. Her _____31_____ for helping the sick led her, alongside Dr. Misha Brozovic to set up the UK’s first sickle cell disease and thalassaemia (地中海贫血症) _____32_____ centre in 1979. Dame (女爵士) Elizabeth, now 72, became the UK’s first sickle cell disease nurse specialist. She was _____33_____ involved in setting up the Sickle Cell Society, which this year _____34_____ its 41st anniversary. In 2019, Dame Elizabeth was _____35_____ with the Pride of Britain Lifetime Achievement Award for her great services to nursing. 21. A. increasing B. improving C. treating D. perfecting 22. A. leaving B. learning C. retiring D. suffering 23. A. deserted B. ignored C. troubled D. defeated 24. A. operated B. abandoned C. donated D. discovered 25. A. cruelty B. surprise C. kindness D. wilderness 26. A. lesson B. punishment C. lecture D. award 27. A. undesirable B. unimaginative C. insensible D. inhuman 28. A. begged B. required C. inspired D. reminded 29. A. stadium B. library C. campus D. clinic 30. A. journey B. devotion C. development D. career 31. A. freedom B. passion C. sympathy D. anxiety 32. A. living B. resting C. consulting D. exchanging 33. A. currently B. fortunately C. actively D. eventually 34 A. celebrated B. hosted C. congratulated D. remembered 35. A. appointed B. provided C. offered D. presented 【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Elizabeth Anionwu因其出色的护理工作获得四个荣誉学位，以及她一生致力于改善当地社区数千名患有镰状细胞病的人的生活的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Elizabeth Anionwu因其出色的护理工作获得了四个荣誉学位，她一生致力于改善当地社区数千名镰状细胞病患者的生活。A. increasing增加；B. improving改善；C. treating对待；D. perfecting使完美。根据上文“her excellent work in nursing”可知，她护理工作很出色，一生致力于改善当地镰状细胞病患者的生活。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Elizabeth Anionwu因其出色的护理工作获得了四个荣誉学位，她一生致力于改善当地社区数千名镰状细胞病患者的生活。A. leaving离开；B. learning学习；C. retiring退休；D. suffering患病。根据下文“sickle cell disease”可知，此处是指镰状细胞病患者，空格处意为“患病”。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：伊丽莎白出生于1947年，父母是一名20岁的爱尔兰学生和一名尼日利亚法律学生。她早年因贫困而备受困扰，因此她的家人把她安排在一个由女性经营的组织里。A. deserted抛弃；B. ignored忽视；C. troubled使困扰，苦恼；D. defeated打败。根据下文“by poverty in her early life”可知，她是被贫困困扰。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：伊丽莎白出生于1947年，父母是一名20岁的爱尔兰学生和一名尼日利亚法律学生。她早年因贫困而备受困扰，因此她的家人把她安排在一个由女性经营的组织里。A. operated管理，经营；B. abandoned放弃；C. donated捐赠；D. discovered发现。根据上文“an organization”和下文“by a woman”可知，那个组织是由一个女性经营的。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个充满残酷的童年——在组织里，她被要求站着，头上盖着一条脏床单，作为尿床的惩罚。A. cruelty残酷；B. surprise惊讶；C. kindness善良；D. wilderness荒野。根据上文“in the organization she was made to stand with a dirty sheet over her head”可知，她的童年充满了残酷。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个充满残酷的童年——在组织里，她被要求站着，头上盖着一条脏床单，作为尿床的惩罚。A. lesson课；B. punishment惩罚；C. lecture讲座；D. award奖，奖品。根据上文“she was made to stand with a dirty sheet over her head as”和下文“wetting the bed”可知，她被要求站着，头上盖着一条脏床单，作为尿床的惩罚。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使是几十年后的今天，我仍然记得那次不人道的行为。A. undesirable不想要的；B. unimaginative缺乏想象力的；C. insensible无知觉的；D. inhuman不人道的。根据上文“The woman would hit me with a ruler if my arms got tired”可知，作者觉得多年过去以后她仍然会记得自己被打的这种不人道的行为。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但一位善良的护士在她四岁时为她治病，激励她成为一名护士。A. begged乞求；B. required要求；C. inspired激励；D. reminded提醒。根据下文“to become a nurse”可知，那位护士激励她成为护士。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：16岁时，她开始在学校诊所当护士。A. stadium体育场；B. library图书馆；C. campus校园；D. clinic诊所。根据上文“working as a nurse”可知，她在学校诊所当护士。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是她50年护士和教授生涯的开始。A. journey旅程；B. devotion奉献；C. development发展；D. career职业生涯。根据下文“as a nurse and professor”可知，这是她50年护士和教授生涯的开始。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她对帮助病人热情使她与Dr. Misha Brozovic一起在1979年建立了英国第一个镰状细胞病和地中海贫血咨询中心。A. freedom自由；B. passion热情；C. sympathy同情心；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“for helping the sick”可知，她有着帮助病人的热情。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她对帮助病人的热情使她与Dr. Misha Brozovic一起在1979年建立了英国第一个镰状细胞病和地中海贫血咨询中心。A. living生活；B. resting休息；C. consulting咨询；D. exchanging交换。根据上文“UK’s first sickle cell disease and thalassaemia”和下文“centre”可知，她和Dr. Misha Brozovic一起成立了英国第一个镰状细胞病和地中海贫血咨询中心。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她积极参与建立镰状细胞协会，今年庆祝其成立41周年。A. currently目前；B. fortunately幸运的是；C. actively积极地；D. eventually最终。根据下文“involved in setting up the Sickle Cell Society”可知，她积极参与建立镰状细胞协会。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她积极参与建立镰状细胞协会，今年庆祝其成立41周年。A. celebrated庆祝；B. hosted举办；C. congratulated祝贺；D. remembered记得。根据下文“its 41st anniversary”可知，今年要庆祝这个协会成立41年。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2019年，伊丽莎白爵士因其在护理方面的卓越服务被授予英国终身成就奖。A. appointed委派；B. provided提供；C. offered提供；D. presented授予。根据下文“the Pride of Britain Lifetime Achievement Award”可知，她被授予英国终身成就奖。故选D。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Lushan National Park, ____36____ (locate) in the south of Jiujiang City, Jiangxi Province, has attracted visitors throughout China for more than two thousand years. Although it’s not a known spot for Western people, this park is ____37____ (huge) popular with Chinese people. It is ____38____ must-see place for any traveler in China. There are many beautiful plants and animals in the mountainous area. One of the most amazing ____39____ (attraction) in the park is Hanpo Pass. From here, you can look down, ____40____ (enjoy) a lake that’s several hundred meters below. This park is famous for more than its scenery. The whole region is a site of great ____41____ (significant) in Chinese culture. Throughout Chinese history, it has seen many great thinkers, artists and writers, all of ____42____ thought highly of its beauty. And there are many historic buildings, including temples, study halls and libraries. In recent years, with more and more people visiting the park, many rules have been made ____43____ (protect) it from being damaged. Despite the hike ____44____ tourism, a 50,000-hectare nature reserve has been set up around the area. So far, great progress _____45_____ (make) by the Chinese government in reducing the negative effects of mass tourism. 【答案】36. located 37. hugely 38. a 39. attractions 40 enjoying 41. significance 42. whom 43. to protect 44. in 45. has been made 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国江西省九江市的庐山国家公园。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：庐山国家公园位于江西省九江市南部，两千多年来一直吸引着中国各地的游客。本句的谓语是has attracted，空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语Lushan National Park和locate之间是动宾关系，作后置定语，用过去分词形式，表示被动。故填located。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：虽然这个公园对西方人来说并不出名，但它深受中国人的欢迎。修饰形容词popular需要用副词，huge的副词形式是hugely，hugely意为“极其”。故填hugely。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：这是中国任何旅行者必去的地方。这里泛指“一个必看之地”，且must-see发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 【39题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：公园里最令人惊叹的景点之一是含鄱口。attraction意为“有吸引力的地方”，为可数名词。“One of”后应用名词复数。故填attractions。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从这里往下看，你可以欣赏到几百米深的湖泊。本句的谓语是can look，所以空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语you和enjoy之间是主谓关系，look和enjoy之间同时发生，应用现在分词作伴随状语。故填enjoying。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：整个地区在中国文化中具有重要意义。“be of+抽象名词”是固定短语，相当于“be+形容词”，significant的名词是significance，意为“重要性，意义”。故填significance。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：纵观中国历史，它有许多伟大的思想家、艺术家和作家，他们都高度评价它的美。“all of ____7____thought highly of its beauty”是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为many great thinkers, artists and writers，指人，且空处作of的宾语，应用关系代词whom。故填whom。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，随着越来越多人参观公园，制定了许多规则来保护公园免受损坏。制定规则的目的是为了保护公园，应用不定式表目的，作目的状语。故填to protect。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：尽管旅游业大幅上涨，但该地区周围仍建立了一个5万公顷的自然保护区。the hike in...为固定搭配，意为“……大幅上涨”。故填in。 【45题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：到目前为止，中国政府在减少大众旅游的负面影响方面取得了巨大进展。根据时间状语“So far”可知，句子用现在完成时，主语great progress和谓语动词make之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且progress为不可数名词，谓语用单数。故填has been made。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（共1小题，满分15分） 46. 你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请你以“最难忘的老师”为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1.人物介绍； 2.难忘的原因。 注意：写作词数应为80左右。 The most unforgettable teacher There are many unforgettable people around us. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: The most unforgettable teacher There are many unforgettable people around us. But for me the most unforgettable is my English teacher, Mr. Liu. What impressed me is his great qualities. He gave us the greatest gift a good teacher offers—an awakening of a passion for learning. He led us to the beauty of the English language. Furthermore, I was attracted by his lively wit. I remember that we students always anticipated his class with great eagerness because his lectures were humorously delivered. Although it is nearly five years since I attended his last class, he is the talk of our classmates, and he will stay in my heart forever. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生以“最难忘的老师”为题，写一篇短文，参加学校组织的英语作文比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 难忘的：unforgettable →memorable 热情：passion→enthusiasm 此外：furthermore→besides 期待：anticipate→expect 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：He led us to the beauty of the English language. 拓展句：It was he who led us to the beauty of the English language. 【点睛】【高分句型1】What impressed me is his great qualities.（运用了what引导的主语从句） 【高分句型2】Although it is nearly five years since I attended his last class, he is the talk of our classmates, and he will stay in my heart forever.（运用了although引导让步状语从句，since引导时间状语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 In a suburb of London, there lived a teenage boy, Tom, who was going through the typical rebellious (叛逆的) period like many teenagers. He felt his parents, especially his father, were constantly trying to control every aspect of his life. Tom started to come home late, ignoring the requirements his parents had set. He would skip doing his homework, preferring to play video games in his room. When it came to his appearance, Tom chose to dress in a way that his parents disapproved of. He would wear baggy clothes with holes and put on a large amount of chains and studs (饰钉) . His hair was dyed an unusual color and styled in a spiky (刺猬式的) manner. Tom's father, Mr. Johnson, was a strict man who believed in obeying rules and hard work. He spared no effort to support the family and always encouraged Tom to achieve excellence. He had high expectations for Tom. Therefore, he would often complain about Tom's grades, choice of friends and untidy room. One day, Tom came home with a new haircut that annoyed his father. “What on earth is this? You look strange,” Mr. Johnson scolded (责骂) . Tom replied angrily, “It's my hair, and I can do whatever I want with it. You're always trying to control me.” This led to a huge argument, and Tom stormed off to his room, slamming the door behind him. As time went on, the relationship between Tom and his father grew worse. Tom would avoid spending time with his family, preferring to hang out or alone in his room. When asked to help with housework, he would roll his eyes and complain that they were always bossing him around. His mother was trying to mediate between the two but with little success. However, a turning point came when Tom was asked to prepare a presentation about family values. As he started to research on the topic, he realized his father's special form of love, although in a tough way. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Recalling what his father had done for the family, Tom decided to take the first step towards the end of the situation. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ His father's expression softened. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Recalling what his father had done for the family, Tom decided to take the first step towards the end of the situation. He took a deep-breath and walked out of his room. He found his father sitting in the living-room, looking a bit tired. Tom sat down beside him and softly said, “Dad, I’m sorry for my rudeness. I know you care about me.” Then he began to talk about his thoughts and feelings, how he was influenced by his friends and why he dressed in that strange way. His father listened attentively, without interrupting. His father’s expression softened. He put his hand on Tom’s shoulder and said, “Son, I also should apologize. I’ve been too strict and didn’t listen to you enough. I just want the best for you.” From then on, they had an open-hearted conversation. Tom understood his father’s love was tough but deep, and his father also tried to understand Tom’s world. They agreed to respect each other more. Since then, the relationship between Tom and his father became much better, and Tom also made positive changes in his behavior and attitude. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。文章讲述了伦敦郊区一名处于叛逆期的少年Tom的故事。Tom觉得父母尤其是父亲总想控制他，他经常晚归、不做作业、穿着父母不认可的衣服。父亲Mr. Johnson是个严厉且重视规则和努力的人，对Tom期望很高，常批评他。一次Tom新发型引发争吵后，父子关系变差。后来Tom被要求准备关于家庭价值观的演讲，在此过程中，他开始理解父亲特殊的爱。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“回忆起父亲为家庭所做的事情，汤姆决定迈向结束这种情况的第一步。”可知，第一段可描写Tom回忆起父亲为家庭所做的一切后，决定主动迈出和解的第一步。他去找父亲谈心，表达自己的理解和歉意。 ②由第二段首句内容“他父亲的表情缓和了。”可知，第二段可描写父亲的表情缓和，他也对自己之前的方式有所反思，父子关系得到改善，彼此的情感更加深厚。 2.续写线索：回忆起父亲的辛苦——决定主动和解——找到父亲道歉，谈心——父亲表情缓和——对自己的方式反思——父子关系得到改善 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①关心：care about/be concerned about ②影响：influence/affect ③道歉：apologize/make an apology 情绪类 ①疲惫的：tired/exhausted ②积极的：positive/active 【点睛】[高分句型1] Then he began to talk about his thoughts and feelings, how he was influenced by his friends and why he dressed in that strange way. （由how和why分别引导的宾语从句） [高分句型2]His father listened attentively, without interrupting.（运用了动名词作宾语） [高分句型3]Tom understood his father’s love was tough but deep, and his father also tried to understand Tom’s world.（由省略引导词that的宾语从句作understood的宾语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$