精品解析：北京市丰台区2024-2025学年高一下学期4月期中考试英语试题

丰台区2024-2025学年度第二学期期中练习 高一英语 考试时间：90分钟 一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，请选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was cycling to work one day and I had about one kilometer before my turn (转弯). Just then I ____1____ a person in front of me, about 300 yards ahead. I could tell he was cycling a little ____2____ than me so I decided to try to catch up with him. I started cycling faster, and after just a few minutes I was about 100 yards behind him, so I really picked up the pace and pushed myself. ____3____ I caught up with him and passed him by. I felt so ____4____ on the inside. “I beat him” of course, but he didn’t even know we were racing. After I passed him, I suddenly ____5____ that I had been so focused on competing against him that I had missed my turn. I had gone past it and had to turn around and go all the way back. Isn’t that what happens in life when we ____6____ on competing with co-workers, neighbors and friends, trying to ____7____ that we are more successful or more important? We spend our time and energy running after them and we miss out on our own ____8____ to our destinies (命运). The problem with such an unhealthy competition is that it’s a never-ending cycle. There will ____9____ be somebody ahead of you, someone with a better job, nicer car, better behaved children, etc. Take what life has given you, the height, weight and personality. Dress well and wear it proudly! There’s no _____10_____ in destiny. Run your own race and wish others well! 1. A. invited B. noticed C. believed D. visited 2. A. slower B. shorter C. cleverer D. heavier 3. A. Suddenly B. Normally C. Finally D. Usually 4. A. strange B. nervous C. good D. funny 5. A. decided B. replied C. promised D. realized 6 A. move B. focus C. depend D. put 7. A. prove B. pretend C. imagine D. confirm 8. A. places B. stages C. paths D. roles 9. A. never B. always C. seldom D. sometimes 10. A. choice B. hurry C. success D. competition 二、阅读理解（共16小题；每小题2.5分，共40分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，请选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Wings on Travel $2170 Per Person Every year a lot of birds fly to Nepal from other parts of the world. It’s amazing to see them in the forest, in open area, and in wetlands. In this trip, finest national parks of lowland and the rich Pokhara valley and hills will be visited. Many endangered and rare species of birds can be seen. Trip Code: NAT009 Duration: 10 Days Why this trip! Autumn and winter are best months to watch birds in Nepal. Many of birds make Nepal as their wintering ground. Different from others, the route offers you the greatest chance to see these beautiful birds with some places where they winter. At the same time, you experience the rare and endangered wildlife of Nepal. What to expect and not to expect Remember your tour is into the natural areas and so sighting of birds depends mainly on their movement and the chance you go through. Sometimes you will be able to see almost all major birds you wish and sometimes nothing, but being in nature is always a rewarding experience and there is always an opportunity to come across many beautiful birds. Group size 2—12 passengers Transportation All private Trip cost $2170 per person on twin sharing; Single supplement: $590 Costs include All private land transportation; All meals & accommodations; National park entrance fees Departure 07 Feb 2018—16 Feb 2018 More information is available at www.nature-treks.com/tour-item/wings-on-migration. 11. This trip is planned mainly for people interested in _______. A. watching birds B. living in nature C. visiting national parks D. saving endangered birds 12. What is special about the trip? A. The travel time. B. The group size. C. The travel route D. The transportation. 13. Whether you can see birds is mostly decided by _______. A. the weather B. your luck C. the costs D. your efforts 14. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To inform people of birds. B. To introduce a travel website. C. To give advice on a birding trip. D. To advertise a travel product. B Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo. While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions (同伴) than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to tell when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more properly to the user. The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesn’t just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding (提醒) an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos. Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces. Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company’s “Oshbot” robot is built to help customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the products’ location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for. The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. “We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us,” said Breazeal. 15. How are social robots different from household robots? A. They have their feelings. B. They are more like humans. C. They do the normal housework. D. They respond to users more slowly. 16. What can Oshbot work as? A. A language teacher. B. A tour guide. C. A private nurse. D. A shop assistant. 17. We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will . A. train employees B. improve technologies C. be our workmates D. take the place of workers 18. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. An introduction to social robots. B. Marketing methods for social robots. C. Information on household robots. D. A new design idea of household robots. C Deep Sea: To Mine Or Not To Mine A robot as large as a truck moves along the bottom of the deep sea. It eats metallic (含金属的) rock and soft mud. They travel up a long pipe to a ship, where workers and machinery separate out the rock and throw the mud back into the ocean. This is a mining operation. The rock contains a mixture of metals, including ones called rare earth metals. People use these materials to make batteries and electronics like computers and phones. Deep-sea mining hasn’t happened yet. But it probably will occur within the next decade. No country owns any part of the deep sea, so a UN organization called the International Seabed Authority (ISA) decides who is allowed to mine there. It has allowed 29 organizations to explore the deep sea and make plans for mining, one of which plans to begin mining in the year 2027. Scientists and environmentalists, though, warn that mining could destroy deep-sea ecosystem. In 1989, ecologist Hjalmar Thiel carried out a test. His team searched the seafloor of the Pacific Ocean, in a spot with lots of the metallic rocks that miners wanted. They didn’t actually collect any of the rocks. But they disturbed the mud, just as a mining operation would. The cloud of mud fell back down over the ocean floor burying creatures living there. Up to now, the area they disturbed has not recovered. Signs of the search are still there. Deep sea creatures like sponges and corals have not moved back in. That means mining could have detrimental, long-lasting consequences for deep ocean life. Scientists want to understand the deep sea better before disturbing it. Leaving the deep sea alone sounds great, but people need those metals. “Mines on land are soon going to run out,” geologist Steven Scolt of the University of Toronto told Smithsonian Magazine. “Every electronic device in the world has rare earth metals in it... we need raw resources.” New energy technologies including solar and wind power and electric cars rely on these metals as well. We may need to mine them from the sea in order to switch to greener energy sources. 19. According to the passage, why do people want to carry out deep sea mining? A. To test the mining robot. B. To collect rare earth metals. C. To separate the rock from mud. D. To understand the deep sea better. 20. What can we infer from the test of Hjalmar Thiel in 1989? A. They gathered some metallic rocks the miners wanted. B. They helped the recovery of the disturbed mining areas. C. They discovered the deep-sea mining had affected the ocean ecology. D. They found the rare metallic rocks were harmful to sea creatures. 21. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Appealing. B. Harmful. C. Helpful. D. Impressive. 22. What is Steven Scolt’s attitude towards deep-sea mining? A. Doubtful. B. Neutral. C. Supportive. D. Disapproving. D Climate change influences how organisms live and function in their environment. Investigating how organisms adapt is essential for accurately predicting their survival, and tracking genomic(基因组的) changes helps researchers determine the lasting effects of the changing environment. Copepods, a dominant coastal species, are particularly useful for studying genetic changes in response to shifting marine environments. By studying copepods, researchers can get an idea of how the ocean food chain might react to changes in the Earth’s climate. Tracking a copepod’s evolving genome in the wild, however, can be time-consuming and laborious. To circumvent this challenge, Pespeni and her team used an evolve-and-resequence approach in the lab. They exposed a copepod population to three stressors—water warming, acidification via high CO₂ levels, and combinations of the two ocean warming and acidification (OWA) conditions in the laboratory, and tracked their adaptations to these conditions over 25generations. Previously, they tracked reproductive fitness traits such as egg-hatching success under these conditions. They found that the fitness of the population exposed to OWA conditions initially decreased, but then adapted to the stressors over several generations. In the current study, the researchers sequenced the genomes of animals in each experimental group at generation 0 and 25 to quantify how allele (等位基因) frequencies changed in response to experimental selective pressures. The researchers found adaptive alleles related to development were unique to the multiple stressor experiment, providing a possible explanation for the observed selection of hatching success. “We showed that the warming alone was a much strong er selective pressure than CO₂. But when you combine them, you get a unique synergy. So, it’s not just one plus one equals two; it’s one plus one equals something totally different,” said Pespeni. Whereas previous studies observed the effects of single stressors on evolving organisms, Pespeni’s study demonstrated that multiple stressors result in a unique response to selection in a non-additive manner. This is important because human-induced environmental changes are multifaceted(多方面的), and additional stressors are still needed to further mimic natural environmental changes, and this study reveals the complexity of the genomic adaptive response. According to Morgan Kelly, a professor who was not involved in the study, the insights presented by the researchers in this study call into question the previous single stressor studies and will influence future experimental design. “There’s this big question of the role that evolutionary change will play in response to climate change, and the way the researchers integrate genomic information is the best of its kind in the world of marine experimental evolution,” said Kelly. According to Pespeni, there is reason to maintain hope in the face of climate change because her work revealed that the copepods eventually fully regained their ability to reproduce following the combined environmental changes. 23. What can we learn about Pespeni’s previous and current studies? A. The previous study tried new ways to quantify the response of copepods. B. The current study may explain the success of hatching in the previous one. C. The previous study reveals the complexity of the genomic adaptive response. D. The current study sequenced copepods’ genes of 25 generations in each group. 24. To improve their future research, researchers should . A. study how other species adapt to global warming B. include additional stressors in their experiments C. track a copepod’s evolving genome in the wild D. compare Pespeni’s study with previous ones 25. What makes the current study particularly significant? A. It integrates genomic information in the research. B. It shows most species can easily adapt to climate changes. C. It confirms the effectiveness of previous single stressor studies. D. It demonstrates multiple stressors produce an additive response. 26. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Scientists Edit Genomes to Help Copepods Survive B. Research Removes People’s Worries about Climate Change C. Combining Climate Stressors Leads to Unique Genomic Changes D. The Evolve-and-resequence Approach Helps Fight Climate Change 三、阅读回答问题（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 On March 14, 2018, one of science’s brightest stars went dark. Stephen Hawking, the world-famous British scientist, died at 76 in Cambridge, UK. Hawking is considered by many to be the greatest scientist in history since Albert Einstein. He came up with the theory that the universe began with the Big Bang and will end in black holes. His theories became the base for a lot of later research. He also wrote books to help common people understand the universe. His most famous book is A Brief History of Time, which has sold more than 10 million copies around the world, according to CNN. Besides his scientific achievements, Hawking was also someone who had a strong will and optimistic attitude. When Hawking was 21, he was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking. Later in life, he had to sit in a wheelchair and “speak” using a computerized voice. But this didn’t stop him from living a meaningful and colorful life. “If one is physically disabled, one cannot afford to be psychologically (心理上) disabled as well,” he once said. Hawking traveled the globe to attend science conferences, visiting every continent, including Antarctica. He was also a fan of pop culture and appeared on TV shows such as Star Trek and The Big Bang Theory. He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon; when he was 65, he took part in a zero-gravity (零重力) flight to experience weightlessness. He hoped to travel into space one day. In 2013, Hawking spoke about how he felt life was unfair when he was first diagnosed with his illness. “But now, 50 years later, I can be quietly satisfied with my life,” he said. 27. What happened to Hawking when he was 21? ________________________________________________________________________ 28. Why is Hawking regarded as the greatest scientist in history since Albert Einstein? ________________________________________________________________________ 29. How did Hawking communicate with others later in life? ________________________________________________________________________ 30. What did Hawking think of his life? _________________________________________________________________________ 31. What impressed you most about Hawking after you read the passage? Why? _________________________________________________________________________ 四、任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在表格的横线上填词，每空填写一个单词。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Your life is composed of all the little things we experience every day, and knowing how to find joy in some of those little things is one of the easiest ways to let happiness slowly fill your cup. In order for that to happen, you need to do two very simple things: put yourself in such situations that you can experience happiness there, and then find a way to taste the experience and let it sink into you. To put yourself in the position of experiencing happiness every day Lahna Catalino, Ph. D., at the University of California, San Francisco, recommends an approach called “prioritizing positivity” — organizing your day-to-day life on purpose so that it contains situations which naturally give rise to positive emotions. It involves both sparing time in your daily routine to do things that you really love and heavily weighing the positive emotional consequences of major life decisions, like taking a new job, and you will regularly find yourself. Then how can we find a way to taste the happy experience and let it sink into you? Here is what psychologist Rick Hanson, the author of Buddha's Brain explains. Let a good fact become a good experience. Often we go through life and some good thing happens — a little thing, like we checked off an item on our To Do list, we survived another day at work, the flowers are blooming, and so forth. Hey, this is an opportunity to feel good. Don’t leave money lying on the table: Recognize that this is an opportunity to let yourself truly feel good. Really enjoy this positive experience. Practice what any school teacher knows: If you want to help people learn something, make it as intense as possible — in this case, as felt in the body as possible — for as long as possible. When sinking into this experience sense your intention that this experience is sinking into you. Sometimes people do this through visualization, like by sensing a golden light coming into themselves or a soothing balm inside themselves. You might imagine a jewel going into the treasure chest in your heart—or just know that this experience is sinking into you, becoming a resource you can take with you no matter where you go. It might seem a little cliché (陈词滥调) to say “stop and smell the roses,” but it’s moments like those that can be stored in your memory and brought back later to make you happy. Living a happy life can be as simple as accepting the happiness that’s already around you. If you want more, it’s ok to go out and achieve it, but don’t forget where happiness really comes from. Let ____32____ Come Naturally With the “Little Things” ____33____ to let happiness come your way ●Put yourself in ____34____ where you experience happiness. ●Find a way to taste the experience and let it sink into you. Giving ____35____ to positive things ●Organize your everyday life ____36____ to experience positive emotions. ●____37____ your time to do things you love as well as heavily weighing the positive emotional consequences. ____38____ the experience and letting it sink into you ●Let a good fact become a good experience so that you have the ____39____ to feel good. ●Really enjoy the positive experience as long as possible. ●When sinking into this experience be ____40____ of your intention so that it becomes a resource to take with you wherever you go. Summary ●Happy moments like “stop and smell the roses” are _____41_____ ●Living a happy life can be as simple as accepting the happiness already around you. 五、书面表达（25分） 42. 假设你是红星中学的高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim来信询问你敬佩的人，请你用英文给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.人物简介； 2.敬佩的原因。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 丰台区2024-2025学年度第二学期期中练习 高一英语 考试时间：90分钟 一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，请选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I was cycling to work one day and I had about one kilometer before my turn (转弯). Just then I ____1____ a person in front of me, about 300 yards ahead. I could tell he was cycling a little ____2____ than me so I decided to try to catch up with him. I started cycling faster, and after just a few minutes I was about 100 yards behind him, so I really picked up the pace and pushed myself. ____3____ I caught up with him and passed him by. I felt so ____4____ on the inside. “I beat him” of course, but he didn’t even know we were racing. After I passed him, I suddenly ____5____ that I had been so focused on competing against him that I had missed my turn. I had gone past it and had to turn around and go all the way back. Isn’t that what happens in life when we ____6____ on competing with co-workers, neighbors and friends, trying to ____7____ that we are more successful or more important? We spend our time and energy running after them and we miss out on our own ____8____ to our destinies (命运). The problem with such an unhealthy competition is that it’s a never-ending cycle. There will ____9____ be somebody ahead of you, someone with a better job, nicer car, better behaved children, etc. Take what life has given you, the height, weight and personality. Dress well and wear it proudly! There’s no _____10_____ in destiny. Run your own race and wish others well! 1. A. invited B. noticed C. believed D. visited 2. A. slower B. shorter C. cleverer D. heavier 3. A. Suddenly B. Normally C. Finally D. Usually 4. A. strange B. nervous C. good D. funny 5. A. decided B. replied C. promised D. realized 6. A. move B. focus C. depend D. put 7. A. prove B. pretend C. imagine D. confirm 8. A. places B. stages C. paths D. roles 9. A. never B. always C. seldom D. sometimes 10. A. choice B. hurry C. success D. competition 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过自己骑车上班时为了赶超前面的人而错过转弯的经历，引发对生活中竞争的思考，指出过度关注与他人竞争会让我们错过自己人生的道路，强调应走好自己的路，不过度参与无意义的竞争。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，我注意到在我前面大约 300 码处有一个人。A. invited邀请；B. noticed注意到；C. believed相信；D. visited拜访。根据上文“Just then”以及下文“a person in front of me”可知，作者注意到前面有人，故选B。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我能看出他骑车比我慢一点，所以我决定试着追上他。A. slower更慢的；B. shorter更短的；C. cleverer更聪明的；D. heavier更重的。根据下文“so I decided to try to catch up with him”可知，作者决定追上他，所以这个人骑车速度比作者慢，故选A。 【3题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后我赶上并超过了他。A. Suddenly突然；B. Normally正常地；C. Finally最后；D. Usually通常。根据下文“I caught up with him and passed him by”可知，作者努力加速，最终超过了那个人，故选C。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我内心感觉很好。A. strange奇怪的；B. nervous紧张的；C. good好的；D. funny有趣的。根据下文““I beat him” of course”可知，作者超过了那个人，内心感到满足，感觉很好，故选C。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我超过他之后，我突然意识到我如此专注于和他竞争，以至于错过了转弯。A. decided决定；B. replied回复；C. promised承诺；D. realized意识到。根据下文“I had been so focused on competing against him that I had missed my turn.”可知，这里指作者突然发觉自己错过转弯，故选D。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们专注于与同事、邻居和朋友竞争时，试图证明我们更成功或更重要，生活中不就是这样吗？A. move移动；B. focus专注；C. depend依靠；D. put放置。根据上文“but he didn’t even know we were racing.”以及下文“on competing with co-workers, neighbors and friends,”可知，指专注于和他人竞争，故选B。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们专注于与同事、邻居和朋友竞争时，试图证明我们更成功或更重要，生活中不就是这样吗？A. prove证明；B. pretend假装；C. imagine想象；D. confirm确认。根据上文“competing with co-workers, neighbors and friends”以及下文“we are more successful or more important?”可知，人们竞争往往是想证明自己更出色，故选A。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们花时间和精力追赶他们，却错过了自己通往命运的道路。A. places地方；B. stages阶段；C. paths道路；D. roles角色。根据上文“I had missed my turn.”可知，这里指错过自己人生的道路，故选C。 【9题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：总会有人在你前面，有人有更好的工作、更好的车、表现更好的孩子等等。A. never从不；B. always总是；C. seldom很少；D. sometimes有时。根据上文“The problem with such an unhealthy competition is that it’s a never-ending cycle.”可知，这种竞争是无止境的，所以总是会有人比自己更出色，故选B。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：命运中没有竞争。A. choice选择；B. hurry匆忙；C. success成功；D. competition竞争。根据下文“Run your own race and wish others well!”可知，作者通过自身经历感悟到不要过度竞争，命运中不应充斥着竞争，故选D。 二、阅读理解（共16小题；每小题2.5分，共40分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，请选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Wings on Travel $2170 Per Person Every year a lot of birds fly to Nepal from other parts of the world. It’s amazing to see them in the forest, in open area, and in wetlands. In this trip, finest national parks of lowland and the rich Pokhara valley and hills will be visited. Many endangered and rare species of birds can be seen. Trip Code: NAT009 Duration: 10 Days Why this trip! Autumn and winter are best months to watch birds in Nepal. Many of birds make Nepal as their wintering ground. Different from others, the route offers you the greatest chance to see these beautiful birds with some places where they winter. At the same time, you experience the rare and endangered wildlife of Nepal. What to expect and not to expect Remember your tour is into the natural areas and so sighting of birds depends mainly on their movement and the chance you go through. Sometimes you will be able to see almost all major birds you wish and sometimes nothing, but being in nature is always a rewarding experience and there is always an opportunity to come across many beautiful birds. Group size 2—12 passengers Transportation All private Trip cost $2170 per person on twin sharing; Single supplement: $590 Costs include All private land transportation; All meals & accommodations; National park entrance fees Departure 07 Feb 2018—16 Feb 2018 More information is available at www.nature-treks.com/tour-item/wings-on-migration. 11. This trip is planned mainly for people interested in _______. A. watching birds B. living in nature C. visiting national parks D. saving endangered birds 12. What is special about the trip? A. The travel time. B. The group size. C. The travel route D. The transportation. 13. Whether you can see birds is mostly decided by _______. A. the weather B. your luck C. the costs D. your efforts 14. What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To inform people of birds. B. To introduce a travel website. C. To give advice on a birding trip. D. To advertise a travel product. 【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B 14. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了“Wings on Travel”观鸟旅行项目的相关信息，包括行程特色、预期情况、团队规模、费用等，目的是吸引对观鸟感兴趣的人报名参加该旅行项目。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Every year a lot of birds fly to Nepal from other parts of the world. It’s amazing to see them in the forest, in open area, and in wetlands. In this trip, finest national parks of lowland and the rich Pokhara valley and hills will be visited. Many endangered and rare species of birds can be seen. (每年都有大量的鸟类从世界其他地区飞往尼泊尔。在森林、开阔地带和湿地看到它们令人惊叹。在这次旅行中，将参观低地最好的国家公园以及丰富的博卡拉山谷和山丘。可以看到许多濒危和稀有的鸟类物种)”以及“Why this trip!”部分“Autumn and winter are best months to watch birds in Nepal(秋季和冬季是在尼泊尔观鸟的最佳月份)”可知，整个行程围绕观鸟展开，主要面向对观鸟感兴趣的人群。故选A项。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Why this trip!”部分“Different from others, the route offers you the greatest chance to see these beautiful birds with some places where they winter(与其他行程不同的是，这条路线为您提供了绝佳的机会，让您在鸟类过冬的地方观赏这些美丽的鸟类)”可知，该行程的特别之处在于其独特的路线，能让游客有更多机会在鸟类过冬的地方观察它们。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据“What to expect and not to expect”部分“sighting of birds depends mainly on their movement and the chance you go through(观鸟主要取决于它们的活动以及你遇到它们的机会)”可知，能否看到鸟主要取决于鸟类的活动和游客的“机会”，即运气。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Every year a lot of birds fly to Nepal from other parts of the world. It’s amazing to see them in the forest, in open area, and in wetlands. In this trip, finest national parks of lowland and the rich Pokhara valley and hills will be visited. Many endangered and rare species of birds can be seen(每年都有大量的鸟类从世界其他地区飞往尼泊尔。在森林、开阔地带和湿地看到它们令人惊叹。在这次旅行中，将参观低地最好的国家公园以及丰富的博卡拉山谷和山丘。可以看到许多濒危和稀有的鸟类物种)”、“Duration: 10 Days(时长：10天)”以及“Trip cost $2170 per person on twin sharing; Single supplement: $590(旅行费用 双人共享房：每人2170美元；单人房差价：590美元)”可知，文章详细介绍了旅行项目的行程代码、时长、特色、费用、包含内容等信息，并提供了官网链接，整体结构和内容均符合广告特征，可推理出本文的目的是推广该旅行产品。故选D项。 B Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years. Social robots are about to bring technology to the everyday world in a more humanized way, said Cynthia Breazeal, chief scientist at the robot company Jibo. While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions (同伴) than mere tools. For example, these robots will be able to tell when someone is happy or sad. This allows them to respond more properly to the user. The Jibo robot, arranged to ship later this year, is designed to be a personalized assistant. You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make requests for it to perform different tasks. The robot doesn’t just deliver general answers to questions; it responds based on what it learns about each individual in the household. It can do things such as reminding (提醒) an elderly family member to take medicine or taking family photos. Social robots are not just finding their way into the home. They have potential applications in everything from education to health care and are already finding their way into some of these spaces. Fellow Robots is one company bringing social robots to the market. The company’s “Oshbot” robot is built to help customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the products’ location in the store. It can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items based on what the customer is shopping for. The more interaction the robot has with humans, the more it learns. But Oshbot, like other social robots, is not intended to replace workers, but to work alongside other employees. “We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us,” said Breazeal. 15. How are social robots different from household robots? A. They have their feelings. B. They are more like humans. C. They do the normal housework. D. They respond to users more slowly. 16. What can Oshbot work as? A. A language teacher. B. A tour guide. C. A private nurse. D. A shop assistant. 17. We can learn from the last paragraph that social robots will . A. train employees B. improve technologies C. be our workmates D. take the place of workers 18. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. An introduction to social robots. B. Marketing methods for social robots. C Information on household robots. D. A new design idea of household robots. 【答案】15. B 16. D 17. C 18. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了社交机器人的功能与作用。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions (同伴) than mere tools.(如今的家用机器人能够完成日常家务，而社交机器人则会更像是一种伙伴而非单纯的工具)”可知，社交机器人不是纯粹的工具，它们更像人。故选B。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The company’s “Oshbot” robot is built to help customers in a store, which can help the customers find items and help guide them to the products’ location in the store.(该公司的“奥什博特”机器人旨在为店内顾客提供帮助，它能够帮助顾客找到商品，并引导他们找到商品在店内的具体位置)”可知，它能帮助顾客找商品，并引导顾客到商品位置，所以它是作为一个商店助理而存在的。故选D。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“We have technologies to train social robots to do things not for us, but with us(我们拥有相关技术，能够训练社交机器人去做一些并非为人类服务的工作，而是与人类共同完成的任务)”可知，社交机器人可以和我们一起做事情。故选C。 【18题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Whether in the home or the workplace, social robots are going to become a lot more common in the next few years.(无论是在家庭中还是在工作场所，社交机器人在未来几年内将会变得更为普及)”以及本文介绍了社交机器人的特点，与其他机器人相比，它更像是伙伴而不是工具，甚至可以和人类一起工作。故选A。 C Deep Sea: To Mine Or Not To Mine A robot as large as a truck moves along the bottom of the deep sea. It eats metallic (含金属的) rock and soft mud. They travel up a long pipe to a ship, where workers and machinery separate out the rock and throw the mud back into the ocean. This is a mining operation. The rock contains a mixture of metals, including ones called rare earth metals. People use these materials to make batteries and electronics like computers and phones. Deep-sea mining hasn’t happened yet. But it probably will occur within the next decade. No country owns any part of the deep sea, so a UN organization called the International Seabed Authority (ISA) decides who is allowed to mine there. It has allowed 29 organizations to explore the deep sea and make plans for mining, one of which plans to begin mining in the year 2027. Scientists and environmentalists, though, warn that mining could destroy deep-sea ecosystem. In 1989, ecologist Hjalmar Thiel carried out a test. His team searched the seafloor of the Pacific Ocean, in a spot with lots of the metallic rocks that miners wanted. They didn’t actually collect any of the rocks. But they disturbed the mud, just as a mining operation would. The cloud of mud fell back down over the ocean floor burying creatures living there. Up to now, the area they disturbed has not recovered. Signs of the search are still there. Deep sea creatures like sponges and corals have not moved back in. That means mining could have detrimental, long-lasting consequences for deep ocean life. Scientists want to understand the deep sea better before disturbing it. Leaving the deep sea alone sounds great but people need those metals. “Mines on land are soon going to run out,” geologist Steven Scolt of the University of Toronto told Smithsonian Magazine. “Every electronic device in the world has rare earth metals in it... we need raw resources.” New energy technologies including solar and wind power and electric cars rely on these metals as well. We may need to mine them from the sea in order to switch to greener energy sources. 19. According to the passage, why do people want to carry out deep sea mining? A. To test the mining robot. B. To collect rare earth metals. C. To separate the rock from mud. D. To understand the deep sea better. 20. What can we infer from the test of Hjalmar Thiel in 1989? A. They gathered some metallic rocks the miners wanted. B. They helped the recovery of the disturbed mining areas. C. They discovered the deep-sea mining had affected the ocean ecology. D. They found the rare metallic rocks were harmful to sea creatures. 21. What does the underlined word “detrimental” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Appealing. B. Harmful. C. Helpful. D. Impressive. 22. What is Steven Scolt’s attitude towards deep-sea mining? A. Doubtful. B. Neutral. C. Supportive. D. Disapproving. 【答案】19. B 20. C 21. B 22. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了深海采矿作业给海洋环境带来的危害和必要性。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“A robot the size of a large bulldozer moves along the bottom of the deep sea.(一个大型推土机大小的机器人沿着深海底部移动)”和“This is a mining operation. The rock contains a mixture of metals, including ones called rare earth metals.(这是一个采矿作业。这种岩石含有多种金属，其中包括一种叫做稀土金属的金属)”可知，深海采矿作业是为了获得稀土金属。故选B。 【20题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“But they disturbed the mud, just as a mining operation would. The cloud of mud fell back down over the ocean floor burying creatures living there. Up to now, the area they disturbed has not recovered. Signs of the search are still there. Deep sea creatures like sponges and corals have not moved back in. That means mining could have detrimental, long-lasting consequences for deep ocean life. Scientists want to understand the deep sea better before disturbing it.(但它们搅动了海床的泥土，就像采矿作业那样。那团泥土又重新落回海底，掩埋了那里的生物。到目前为止，他们所搅动的区域仍未恢复原状。搜索留下的痕迹依然存在。像海绵和珊瑚这样的深海生物尚未重新回到那里。这意味着采矿可能会对深海生物造成有害且持久的影响。科学家们希望在对深海进行干扰之前先更好地了解它)”可知，海底采矿会影响海洋生态系统。故选C。 【21题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“But they disturbed the mud, just as a mining operation would. The cloud of mud fell back down over the ocean floor burying creatures living there. Up to now, the area they disturbed has not recovered. Signs of the search are still there. Deep sea creatures like sponges and corals have not moved back in.(但它们搅动了海床的泥土，就像采矿作业那样。那团泥土又重新落回海底，掩埋了那里的生物。到目前为止，他们所搅动的区域仍未恢复原状。搜索留下的痕迹依然存在。像海绵和珊瑚这样的深海生物尚未重新回到那里)”可知，采矿影响了当地的生态，产生了有害影响。故划线词意思是“有害的”。故选B。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Leaving the deep sea alone sounds great, but people need those metals. “Mines on land are soon going to run out,” geologist Steven Scolt of the University of Toronto told Smithsonian Magazine. “Every electronic device in the world has rare earth metals in it... we need raw resources.””(离开深海听起来很棒，但人们需要这些金属。多伦多大学的地质学家史蒂文·斯考特告诉史密森尼杂志：“陆地上的矿很快就会耗尽。世界上每一个电子设备都含有稀土金属……我们需要原材料。”)”可知，他对海底采矿是支持的。故选C。 D Climate change influences how organisms live and function in their environment. Investigating how organisms adapt is essential for accurately predicting their survival, and tracking genomic(基因组的) changes helps researchers determine the lasting effects of the changing environment. Copepods, a dominant coastal species, are particularly useful for studying genetic changes in response to shifting marine environments. By studying copepods, researchers can get an idea of how the ocean food chain might react to changes in the Earth’s climate. Tracking a copepod’s evolving genome in the wild, however, can be time-consuming and laborious. To circumvent this challenge, Pespeni and her team used an evolve-and-resequence approach in the lab. They exposed a copepod population to three stressors—water warming, acidification via high CO₂ levels, and combinations of the two ocean warming and acidification (OWA) conditions in the laboratory, and tracked their adaptations to these conditions over 25generations. Previously, they tracked reproductive fitness traits such as egg-hatching success under these conditions. They found that the fitness of the population exposed to OWA conditions initially decreased, but then adapted to the stressors over several generations. In the current study, the researchers sequenced the genomes of animals in each experimental group at generation 0 and 25 to quantify how allele (等位基因) frequencies changed in response to experimental selective pressures. The researchers found adaptive alleles related to development were unique to the multiple stressor experiment, providing a possible explanation for the observed selection of hatching success. “We showed that the warming alone was a much strong er selective pressure than CO₂. But when you combine them, you get a unique synergy. So, it’s not just one plus one equals two; it’s one plus one equals something totally different,” said Pespeni. Whereas previous studies observed the effects of single stressors on evolving organisms, Pespeni’s study demonstrated that multiple stressors result in a unique response to selection in a non-additive manner. This is important because human-induced environmental changes are multifaceted(多方面的), and additional stressors are still needed to further mimic natural environmental changes, and this study reveals the complexity of the genomic adaptive response. According to Morgan Kelly, a professor who was not involved in the study, the insights presented by the researchers in this study call into question the previous single stressor studies and will influence future experimental design. “There’s this big question of the role that evolutionary change will play in response to climate change, and the way the researchers integrate genomic information is the best of its kind in the world of marine experimental evolution,” said Kelly. According to Pespeni, there is reason to maintain hope in the face of climate change because her work revealed that the copepods eventually fully regained their ability to reproduce following the combined environmental changes. 23. What can we learn about Pespeni’s previous and current studies? A. The previous study tried new ways to quantify the response of copepods. B. The current study may explain the success of hatching in the previous one. C. The previous study reveals the complexity of the genomic adaptive response. D. The current study sequenced copepods’ genes of 25 generations in each group. 24. To improve their future research, researchers should . A. study how other species adapt to global warming B. include additional stressors in their experiments C. track a copepod’s evolving genome in the wild D. compare Pespeni’s study with previous ones 25. What makes the current study particularly significant? A. It integrates genomic information in the research. B. It shows most species can easily adapt to climate changes. C. It confirms the effectiveness of previous single stressor studies. D. It demonstrates multiple stressors produce an additive response. 26. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Scientists Edit Genomes to Help Copepods Survive B. Research Removes People’s Worries about Climate Change C. Combining Climate Stressors Leads to Unique Genomic Changes D. The Evolve-and-resequence Approach Helps Fight Climate Change 【答案】23. B 24. B 25. A 26. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。本文主要讲述研究生物基因组应对压力源变化可以预测环境变化。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的“In the current study, the researchers sequenced the genomes of animals in each experimental group at generation 0 and 25 to quantify how allele (等位基因) frequencies changed in response to experimental selective pressures. The researchers found adaptive alleles related to development were unique to the multiple stressor experiment, providing a possible explanation for the observed selection of hatching success.(在目前的研究中，研究人员对每个实验组动物在0代和第25代的基因组进行了测序，以量化等位基因频率在实验选择压力下的变化。研究人员发现，与发育相关的适应性等位基因在多重应激源实验中是独一无二的，这为观察到的孵化成功的选择提供了可能的解释。)”可知，目前的研究也许可以解释之前的孵化成功。故选B。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段的“This is important because human-induced environmental changes are multifaceted(多方面的), and additional stressors are still needed to further mimic natural environmental changes, and this study reveals the complexity of the genomic adaptive response.( 这一点很重要，因为人类引起的环境变化是多方面的，并且还需要额外的压力源来进一步模拟自然环境变化，并且本研究揭示了基因组适应反应的复杂性。)”可知，为了改善未来的研究，研究人员应该在实验中添加额外的压力源。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的““There’s this big question of the role that evolutionary change will play in response to climate change, and the way the researchers integrate genomic information is the best of its kind in the world of marine experimental evolution,” said Kelly.(凯利说:“进化变化在应对气候变化中扮演的角色是一个大问题，研究人员整合基因组信息的方式在海洋实验进化领域是同类中最好的。”)”可知，这项研究之所以如此重要是因为研究人员在研究中整合了基因组信息。故选A。 【26题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Climate change influences how organisms live and function in their environment. Investigating how organisms adapt is essential for accurately predicting their survival, and tracking genomic(基因组的) changes helps researchers determine the lasting effects of the changing environment.(气候变化影响生物在其环境中的生存和功能。研究生物体如何适应环境对于准确预测它们的生存至关重要，而追踪基因组变化有助于研究人员确定环境变化的持久影响。)”以及下文对于研究的描述可知，本文主要讲述研究生物基因组应对压力源的变化可以预测环境变化，因此推断C项“综合气候压力源导致独特的基因组变化”为最佳标题。故选C。 三、阅读回答问题（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 On March 14, 2018, one of science’s brightest stars went dark. Stephen Hawking, the world-famous British scientist, died at 76 in Cambridge, UK. Hawking is considered by many to be the greatest scientist in history since Albert Einstein. He came up with the theory that the universe began with the Big Bang and will end in black holes. His theories became the base for a lot of later research. He also wrote books to help common people understand the universe. His most famous book is A Brief History of Time, which has sold more than 10 million copies around the world, according to CNN. Besides his scientific achievements, Hawking was also someone who had a strong will and optimistic attitude. When Hawking was 21, he was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking. Later in life, he had to sit in a wheelchair and “speak” using a computerized voice. But this didn’t stop him from living a meaningful and colorful life. “If one is physically disabled, one cannot afford to be psychologically (心理上) disabled as well,” he once said. Hawking traveled the globe to attend science conferences, visiting every continent, including Antarctica. He was also a fan of pop culture and appeared on TV shows such as Star Trek and The Big Bang Theory. He celebrated his 60th birthday by going up in a hot-air balloon; when he was 65, he took part in a zero-gravity (零重力) flight to experience weightlessness. He hoped to travel into space one day. In 2013, Hawking spoke about how he felt life was unfair when he was first diagnosed with his illness. “But now, 50 years later, I can be quietly satisfied with my life,” he said. 27. What happened to Hawking when he was 21? ________________________________________________________________________ 28. Why is Hawking regarded as the greatest scientist in history since Albert Einstein? ________________________________________________________________________ 29. How did Hawking communicate with others later in life? ________________________________________________________________________ 30. What did Hawking think of his life? _________________________________________________________________________ 31. What impressed you most about Hawking after you read the passage? Why? _________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】27. He was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking./ He suffered from a serious illness which stopped him from walking and talking. 28. Because of his theories (about the Big Bang and black holes)./ Because his theories (about the Big Bang and black holes) became the base for a lot of later research. 29. By using a computerized voice./He used a computer to speak. 30. First unfair, later satisfied./ At first he felt life was unfair, but later he felt satisfied. 31. (学生能列出某一方面的感想，并能阐述相应的理由即可。) (1) His strong will impressed me most because despite severe physical challenges, he achieved groundbreaking scientific work and lived a full, adventurous life. (2) What impressed me most is his determination to overcome challenges. Although he was unable to walk or speak normally, he continued his research, traveled globally, and even experienced zero-gravity. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界著名科学家霍金生平、成就及他面对生活的积极态度。 【27题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段中“When Hawking was 21, he was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking.(当霍金21岁时，他被诊断出患有一种严重的疾病，这种疾病使他无法行走和说话)”可知，霍金21岁时被诊断出患有一种严重的疾病，使他无法行走和说话。故答案为：He was diagnosed (诊断) with a serious illness that stopped him from walking and talking./He suffered from a serious illness which stopped him from walking and talking. 【28题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Hawking is considered by many to be the greatest scientist in history since Albert Einstein. He came up with the theory that the universe began with the Big Bang and will end in black holes. His theories became the base for a lot of later research.(霍金被许多人认为是自爱因斯坦以来历史上最伟大的科学家。他提出了宇宙始于大爆炸并将终结于黑洞的理论。他的理论成为后来许多研究的基础)”可知，霍金被认为是自爱因斯坦以来历史上最伟大的科学家是因为他提出了宇宙始于大爆炸并将终结于黑洞的理论，且他的理论成为后来许多研究的基础。故答案为：Because of his theories (about the Big Bang and black holes)./ Because his theories (about the Big Bang and black holes) became the base for a lot of later research. 【29题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Later in life, he had to sit in a wheelchair and “speak” using a computerized voice.(在后来的生活中，他不得不坐在轮椅上，用电脑化的声音“说话”)”可知，霍金在后来的生活中用电脑化的声音与他人交流。故答案为：By using a computerized voice./He used a computer to speak. 【30题详解】 考查细节理解。根据最后一段中“In 2013, Hawking spoke about how he felt life was unfair when he was first diagnosed with his illness. “But now, 50 years later, I can be quietly satisfied with my life,” he said.(2013年，霍金谈到当他第一次被诊断出患有疾病时，他觉得生活是不公平的。“但现在，50年后，我可以平静地满足于我的生活，”他说。)”可知，霍金对自己的生活感到满足。故答案为：First unfair, later satisfied./At first he felt life was unfair, but later he felt satisfied. 【31题详解】 考查开放性问题。此题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，根据个人理解合理作答即可。例如，可以回答“他的坚强意志给我留下了最深刻的印象，因为尽管面临严峻的身体挑战，他还是取得了突破性的科学工作，过着充实而冒险的生活。”，也可以回答“给我印象最深的是他克服挑战的决心。尽管他无法正常行走或说话，但他继续进行研究，环游世界，甚至经历了零重力。”。故答案为：(1) His strong will impressed me most because despite severe physical challenges, he achieved groundbreaking scientific work and lived a full, adventurous life. (2) What impressed me most is his determination to overcome challenges. Although he was unable to walk or speak normally, he continued his research, traveled globally, and even experienced zero-gravity. 四、任务型阅读（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容在表格的横线上填词，每空填写一个单词。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Your life is composed of all the little things we experience every day, and knowing how to find joy in some of those little things is one of the easiest ways to let happiness slowly fill your cup. In order for that to happen, you need to do two very simple things: put yourself in such situations that you can experience happiness there, and then find a way to taste the experience and let it sink into you. To put yourself in the position of experiencing happiness every day, Lahna Catalino, Ph. D., at the University of California, San Francisco, recommends an approach called “prioritizing positivity” — organizing your day-to-day life on purpose so that it contains situations which naturally give rise to positive emotions. It involves both sparing time in your daily routine to do things that you really love and heavily weighing the positive emotional consequences of major life decisions, like taking a new job, and you will regularly find yourself. Then how can we find a way to taste the happy experience and let it sink into you? Here is what psychologist Rick Hanson, the author of Buddha's Brain explains. Let a good fact become a good experience. Often we go through life and some good thing happens — a little thing, like we checked off an item on our To Do list, we survived another day at work, the flowers are blooming, and so forth. Hey, this is an opportunity to feel good. Don’t leave money lying on the table: Recognize that this is an opportunity to let yourself truly feel good. Really enjoy this positive experience. Practice what any school teacher knows: If you want to help people learn something, make it as intense as possible — in this case, as felt in the body as possible — for as long as possible. When sinking into this experience, sense your intention that this experience is sinking into you. Sometimes people do this through visualization, like by sensing a golden light coming into themselves or a soothing balm inside themselves. You might imagine a jewel going into the treasure chest in your heart—or just know that this experience is sinking into you, becoming a resource you can take with you no matter where you go. It might seem a little cliché (陈词滥调) to say “stop and smell the roses,” but it’s moments like those that can be stored in your memory and brought back later to make you happy. Living a happy life can be as simple as accepting the happiness that’s already around you. If you want more, it’s ok to go out and achieve it, but don’t forget where happiness really comes from. Let ____32____ Come Naturally With the “Little Things” ____33____ to let happiness come your way ●Put yourself in ____34____ where you experience happiness. ●Find a way to taste the experience and let it sink into you. Giving ____35____ to positive things ●Organize your everyday life ____36____ to experience positive emotions. ●____37____ your time to do things you love as well as heavily weighing the positive emotional consequences. ____38____ the experience and letting it sink into you ●Let a good fact become a good experience so that you have the ____39____ to feel good. ●Really enjoy the positive experience as long as possible. ●When sinking into this experience, be ____40____ of your intention so that it becomes a resource to take with you wherever you go. Summary ●Happy moments like “stop and smell the roses” are _____41_____. ●Living a happy life can be as simple as accepting the happiness already around you. 【答案】32. Happiness 33. How/Ways 34. situations 35. priority 36. purposely/ deliberately/intentionally/ 37. Spare 38. Enjoying/ Tasting 39. opportunity/chance 40. aware/conscious 41. memorable/lasting/unforgettable/impressive/ valuable 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍如何从生活中的小事中寻找快乐，包括主动置身于能产生积极情绪的情境、重视积极体验并将其融入内心等方法。 32题详解】 考查名词。根据第一段“knowing how to find joy in some of those little things is one of the easiest ways to let happiness slowly fill your cup(知道如何从这些小事中找到快乐是让幸福慢慢填满你的杯子的最简单方法之一)”可知，全文围绕 “从小事中获得幸福” 展开。Happiness作宾语，故填Happiness。 【33题详解】 考查副词或名词。根据第一段 “you need to do two very simple things”(你需要做两件非常简单的事情)”提示下文讲方法，再根据表格右侧 “●Put yourself in... ●Find a way...” 可知，此处需总结 “让幸福到来的方法”。故填How/Ways。 【34题详解】 考查名词。根据第一段“put yourself in such situations that you can experience happiness there(让自己置身于可以体验幸福的情境中)可知，此处指 “情境”。直接对应原文“situations”，作宾语。故填 situations。 【35题详解】 考查名词。根据第二段“prioritizing positivity(优先考虑积极因素)”可知，此处需填名词形式。“prioritizing”对应名词“priority”（优先），作宾语。故填priority。 【36题详解】 考查副词。根据第二段“organizing your day-to-day life on purpose(有目的地安排日常生活)”可知，此处需填副词表示 “有目的地”。“on purpose” 同义替换“purposely/deliberately/intentionally”副词作状语，故填purposely/ deliberately/intentionally。 【37题详解】 考查动词。根据第二段“sparing time in your daily routine to do things that you really love(在日常生活中抽出时间做你真正喜欢的事情)可知，此处需填动词 “抽出”。“sparing”对应动词原形 “Spare”，为祈使句。首字母大写。故填Spare。 【38题详解】 考查动词。根据第三段“Then how can we find a way to taste the happy experience and let it sink into you?”(那么，我们如何找到一种方法来品味快乐的体验并让它融入你的内心呢？)可知，此处需填动名词 “品味 / 享受”。“taste”对应“Enjoying/Tasting”，为动名词。首字母大写。故填Enjoying/ Tasting。 【39题详解】 考查名词。根据第四段 “this is an opportunity to let yourself truly feel good(这是一个让自己真正感觉良好的机会)”可知，此处指 “机会”。直接对应 “opportunity/chance”作宾语，故填opportunity/chance。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。根据第 六段 “sense your intention that this experience is sinking into you(感知你希望这种体验融入你的意图)”可知，此处需表达 “意识到”。“sense” 对应 “be aware/conscious of”。形容词作表语。故填 aware/conscious。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。根据最后一段 “moments like those that can be stored in your memory and brought back later to make you happy”(这样的时刻可以储存在你的记忆中，以后回想起来会让你快乐)”可知，这些时刻是 “值得记忆的”。“stored in your memory” 暗示 “memorable/lasting/unforgettable” 等含义，作表语。故填memorable/lasting/unforgettable/impressive/ valuable。 五、书面表达（25分） 42. 假设你是红星中学的高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim来信询问你敬佩的人，请你用英文给他回一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.人物简介； 2.敬佩的原因。 注意：1. 词数100左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Sample 1 Dear Jim, Glad to hear from you! The person I admire profoundly is Tu Youyou. As the first Chinese female scientist awarded the Nobel Prize, she earned global recognition for discovering artemisinin, the most effective cure for malaria. I admire her for her dedication and courage. In 1969, she led a team to fight malaria. Despite poor lab conditions and a lack of resources, she studied ancient medical literature and tested numerous chemicals. When the team wanted to know whether the chemical was safe for humans, Tu Youyou bravely volunteered to be the first human subject. Thanks to her persistence and determination, they finally discovered artemisinin, which has saved millions of people’s lives. Tu Youyou’s influence on me is profound. Whenever I face challenges, I’m inspired to approach difficulties with her spirit . Yours, Li Hua Sample 2 Dear Jim, Glad to hear from you! The person I admire most is my mother. As a middle school teacher, she devotes herself to educating students, preparing lessons carefully and guiding them patiently. Beyond work, she manages household affairs skillfully, creating a warm home for our family. I respect her for two main reasons. First, her strong sense of responsibility shines in both career and family—she never compromises on quality, whether solving students’ academic problems or cooking delicious meals for us. Second, her kindness touches everyone around. She often volunteers to help elderly neighbors, setting a vivid example of caring for others. Thanks to my mother, I’ve learned to approach my studies with responsibility, just as she does her work. More importantly, her generosity inspires me to spread warmth—now I actively participate in volunteer activities, hoping to bring positive changes to others, just like her. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国好友Jim回信，介绍自己敬佩的人，包括人物简介和敬佩的原因。 【详解】1.词汇积累 深刻地：profoundly → deeply 获得：earn → gain 钦佩：admire → respect 影响：influence → impact 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As the first Chinese female scientist awarded the Nobel Prize, she earned global recognition for discovering artemisinin, the most effective cure for malaria. 拓展句：As the first Chinese female scientist, who was awarded the Nobel Prize, she earned global recognition for discovering artemisinin, the most effective cure for malaria. 【点睛】【高分句型1】When the team wanted to know whether the chemical was safe for humans, Tu Youyou bravely volunteered to be the first human subject.（运用了When引导的时间状语从句、whether引导的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Thanks to her persistence and determination, they finally discovered artemisinin, which has saved millions of people’s lives.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$