精品解析：江苏省常州市第一中学2024-2025学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题

常州市第一中学2024--2025学年第二学期期中质量调研 高一英语卷 （时间：120分钟 满分150分） 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the woman going to do next? A. Go out: for coffee, B. Get some exercise. C. Work with the man. 2. When does the match begin? A. At 6:15. B. At 6:45. C. At 7:00. 3. What did the man give up learning? A. Tennis. B. Chess. C. Guitar. 4. Where are the speakers? A. At an airport. B. At a railway station. C. At a post office. 5. Who is the woman talking to? A. Her workmate. B, Her student’s father. C. Her husband. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面。5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers discussing? A. An environment-friendly material. B. A neighborhood recycling project. C. A garbage separating job in a school. 7. What does the man decide to do? A. Hire someone to do the separating job. B. Ask the school children for help. C. Use labeled trash sorting bins. 听第7段材料。回答第8至10题。 8. What color skirt does the man suggest the woman buy at first? A. White. B. Black. C. Brown. 9 What does the woman think of the skirt with letters? A. The color looks boring. B. The price is a little high. C. The style is kind of outdated. 10. What do we know about the woman? A. She chose a spotted, skirt in black. B. She bought a flowered skirt in a small size. C. She will come to the store again tomorrow. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Travel agent and tourist. C. Hotel receptionist and customer. 12. What are the speakers doing? A. Booking a hotel. B. Preparing for a party. C. Planning on a celebration. 13. How will the speakers spend their weekend? A. By: swimming in a pool. B. By going climbing. C. By visiting Hyde Park. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. How did James become interested in trees? A. He enjoyed climbing trees as a child. B. He got a job taking care of trees. C. He grew up around trees. 15. What surprised James when he first learnt to climb trees? A. The wide age range of people in the class. B. The time it took to become good at it. C. The amount of equipment needed. 16. What does James like best about his teaching work? A. Offering people an interesting new experience. B. Helping people who need the skill for their work. C. Showing people how to climb in different kinds of weather. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Why does the speaker find chemistry hard? A. She can’t follow the teacher. B. She can’t understand the textbook. C. She can’t remember the information. 18. How does the speaker try to improve her chemistry? A. By joining a study group. B. By reading more books on it. C. By asking the teacher for help. 19. How does the speaker feel about learning the new computer program? A. Confident. B. Excited. C. Confused. 20. What can we learn about the speaker? A. Most of her classmates find the computer course easy. B. Her friends don’t like learning chemistry. C She is afraid to take the final exam. 第二部分阅读（共两节：满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Books That Celebrate Diverse Holidays and Traditions It’s important to remember there are a diverse set of holidays available to explore. Below are a few books that help introduce children to different holiday cultures and traditions. Too Many Tamales by Gary Soto, illustrated by Ed Martinez While helping her mother with Christmas celebration, Maria is tempted (吸引；诱惑) to try on her mother’s diamond ring. After getting caught up in the joy of the holiday and playing with her cousins, Maria realizes the ring is missing! That’s when she and her cousins come up with a plan to eat all of the tamales (玉米粉蒸肉), in hopes of finding the ring. Together for Kwanzaa by Juwanda G. Ford, illustrated by Shelly Hehenberger This is a story about a little girl named Kayla who wants to see her older brother Khari come home so they can celebrate Kwanzaa together as a family. Khari is stuck at college when a snowstorm hits and his car breaks down. Will he make it home in time for Kwanzaa? A Child’s Christmas in Wales by Dylan Thomas, illustrated by Trina Schart Hyman This book is a funny, nostalgic (怀旧的) tale of Christmas Eve afternoon through Christmas night in Wales, and is full of unique imagery and poetic prose. It will arouse (激起) a sense of familiarity for some young readers while introducing them to different aspects of Christmas traditions. We Are Grateful: Otsaliheliga by Traci Sorell, illustrated by Frane Lessac The word otsaliheliga is used by members of the Cherokee Nation to express gratitude. This is an amazing story that describes a journey through the seasons with a modern-day Cherokee family. Cherokee history and traditions are also woven into the story in a very kid-friendly way. 1. What makes it difficult for Khari to return home in time for Kwanzaa? A. A car crash. B. Delayed flights. C. Extreme weather. D. Academic pressure. 2. Who provides pictures for A Child’s Christmas in Wales? A. Traci Sorell. B. Ed Martinez. C. Dylan Thomas. D. Trina Schart Hyman. 3. What do the four books all inform readers of? A. How to find hidden treasures at home. B. How to strengthen connections with friends. C. The lifestyles of different countries. D. Different holiday celebrations and customs. B For the first time, scientists have provided clear evidence that tropical tree lifespans(寿命) decrease above a critical temperature threshold. Findings published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences show that across the tropics, tree lifespans decrease for temperatures above 25℃. As temperatures are rising rapidly across large parts of the tropics, the tree death rate is likely to rise in most parts of the tropics, including the Amazon, Pantanal and Atlantic forests, with possible effects on animal habitats, air quality and carbon stocks. Although tropical rainforests account for only 7% of all land, they are home to about 50% of all animals and plant species, and approximately 50% of forest carbon stocks on earth. Thus, small changes in the functioning of tropical forests can significantly change the atmospheric levels of CO2-the most important greenhouse gas caused by humans. Professor Manuel Gloor and Dr Roel Brienen, the Leeds School of Geography, are co-authors of the new study. Professor Gloor said: “Many regions in the tropics are heating up particularly rapidly and a large number of areas will become warmer, on average, than approximately 25℃. Our findings suggest that for trees in these regions, their lifespans are likely to be negatively affected.” Dr Brienen added, “This indicates that tropical forests may be more vulnerable(易受伤害的) to increasing heat than previously thought. As a result of global warming, we therefore expect the shortening of tree lifespans in the tropics. These results are a warning sign that, along with deforestation, global warming puts extra stress on the Earth’s tropical forests.” The research team, led by Dr Giuliano Locosselli, from the Institute of Biosciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, spent four years examining tree-rising data from more than 100,000 trees worldwide belonging to 400 different tree species from 3,000 sites across the globe. Dr Locosselli said, “In the tropics, trees grow, on average, twice as fast as those in cooler regions of the world. But they also have a shorter average lifespan of 186 years, compared to 322 years for trees in other climates. Our analysis suggests that the lifespans in the tropics will likely decrease further still.” “If tropical trees die earlier, this will affect how much carbon these forests can hold, raising concerns about the future potential of forests to balance CO2 emissions(排放) from fossil fuels burning. It could also cause changes in biodiversity and a decrease in the number of species on the planet.” Currently, average temperatures in tropical rainforests vary between 21℃ and 30℃. According to the latest forecasts, tropical temperatures on land will continue to rise, reaching on average a combined 2.5 ℃ above pre-industrial levels over the next 10 to 20 years. The study also shows that temperature effects on tree longevity(长寿) will be further worsened by dry conditions. 4. What does the underlined word “threshold” in the first paragraph probably mean? A. Assumption. B. Boundary. C. Controller. D. Distinction. 5. What do we know about tropical rainforests from the passage? A. They occupy a large part of the land on earth. B. They stock the carbon of almost the whole forest. C. Their ability to absorb CO2 is weaker than expected. D. They are home to about half the creatures on earth. 6. What is a special point about trees in the tropics compared to trees in other climates? A. They live for a much shorter time on average. B. They have fewer species and living sites globally. C. They are not as strongly affected by temperature. D. They grow much slower than those in cooler regions. 7. What will dry conditions lead to, according to the passage? A. Tropical trees dying much faster. B. Tropical trees releasing more heat. C. Tropical trees catching fire more often. D. Tropical trees standing hotter temperatures. C As part of your trip to Australia, you must make sure you experience some Aboriginal Culture. Before the British and European settlers arrived in Australia, the only residents were the Aboriginal. European settlers brought Old World diseases which the Aboriginal could not cope with, so many people died. To make fraters worse, they weren’t given any rights to the land and they were pushed out to make way for the Europeans. Nowadays, the Aboriginal account for just three percent of the Australian population, and many suffer from alcohol and health problems. But there are pockets within Australia where you can still see their old values and traditions. These are key places to learnt more about Aboriginal cultures and beliefs. The Aboriginal Culture is complex with many beliefs and hidden layers to explore, Music and art are the most well-known aspects. Did you know that the didgeridoo is only used by those from the East Rock art is the oldest form of the Aboriginal art and can be found in places such as Ayers Rock and Kakadu National Park as these are sacred Aboriginal lands. It is the dot paintings (点画) that are particularly popular with tourists and these are generally easy to find throughout Australia. There are lots of places you can go to learn about the Aboriginal Culture. Arnhem Land which is near Darwin in the top-end of Australia, is the best place to go. Numbers of tourists are restricted to this sacred area so you can guarantee a less touristy approach. You do get to appreciate the real culture and see real Aboriginal dot paintings and handiwork. You can easily include a day trip here as part of your trip to Darwin. Remember that this area has defined seasons so only come here between May and October. 8. According to the first paragraph, the Aboriginal are _______. A. settlers from the Europe B. people native to Australia C. travelers round the world D. people interested in culture 9. What can we learn from the second paragraph? A Most of the Aboriginal lead a simple but healthy life. B. The Aboriginal is the majority of Australian population. C. European settlers pushed-the Aboriginal to open up wasteland. D. The Aboriginal Culture is passed down within small areas. 10. What can we infer from the third paragraph? A. Rock Art witnessed the history of Australia. B. The Aboriginal had close links with the East. C. Tourists take an interest in the Aboriginal Culture. D. Music and art are more popular than dot paintings. 11. Why does the author recommend a trip to Arnhem Land? A The Aboriginal Culture is rooted there. B. The Aboriginal Culture is well preserved there. C. Arnhem Land is available throughout the year. D. Many tourists speak highly of the trip there. D Aesop’s fable (寓言) about the town mouse and the country mouse concentrates on the dangers of city living and rather sneers at its advantages. Yet advantages there are, for mice and men alike, as long as those involved are able to grasp them. That, though, requires an ability to respond successfully to novel problems. So a pair of researchers in Germany have looked to see whether urban mice are better at doing this than rural ones. Their conclusion, just published in Animal Behaviour, is that they are. Valeria-Mazza of the University of Potsdam and Anja Guenther of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, in Plon, captured 17 striped field mice from farmland and 14 others from various places in central Berlin. They kept these animals in a laboratory for a year to make them used to living there, and then challenged them with various tasks which, if performed successfully, would yield a reward of food. Tasks included opening the windowpanes of a house made of Lego bricks and opening the lid of a Petri dish. Meanwhile, all the mice-were also given a naturalistic task that involved digging through a heap of bedding to find a reward. Both groups seemed equally eager to participate in the tasks, but the urban mice were better at solving the novel ones. They had a 77 percent success rate, compared to the rural mice’s 52percent. When it came to the control task, though, both were equally good, solving it 85 percent and 88 percent respectively. The researchers’ next object of investigation is whether the urban mice had learned their smarts, or had .inherited them. This will involve raising mouse pups from the two populations in the same laboratory conditions. Dr. Mazza and Dr. Guenther hope to have the answer later this year, 12. Why does the author mention “Aesop’s fable” in the beginning? A. To clarify a concept. B. To explain a rule. C. To introduce a topic. D. To make a prediction. 13. What did the German researchers do to draw their conclusion? A. They raised mouse pups in different labs. B. They learned to use Lego bricks to build houses. C. They developed their ability to respond to disadvantages. D. They challenged the mice in the lab with various tasks. 14. What is the difference between urban mice and rural mice? A. Urban mice are better at solving new problems. B. Urban mice are more concerned about dangers. C. Rural mice are less eager to participate in tasks. D. Rural mice are easier to be attracted by food. 15. Which is the best title for the text? A. Let’s move to big cities. B. Where mice live may determine their intelligence. C. It’s unknown whether mice’s intelligence can be inherited. D. Make the most of advantages as well as disadvantages. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are few natural sounds more uplifting to my spirit than the bright and cheering calls and songs of black-capped chickadees (山雀). One of my morning routines is to step outside the house and listen for the voices of black-caps. There is something comforting to me in black-caps’ presence. ____16____ Sometimes they are the only birds I’ll hear on my local woodland walks and for me the forest would be a lonelier place without them. After I’d moved into a house on Anchorage’s Hillside, I placed a makeshift feeder on my home’s back. ____17____ For each, the routine was similar: dashed in, looked around, pecked (啄) at the tray, looked around again, and dashed out. Nervous little creatures, full of bright energy, they soon had me laughing at their funny way, By the time they moved on, I sensed an all-too-rare upwelling of fascination and joy. Within days a whole new world opened up as woodland neighbors I’d never known, or even imagined, joined the black-caps at my feeders: red-breasted nuthatches, common redpolls…What was remarkable was that all of those species were common residents of the Anchorage area. ____18____ My newfound interest in birds grew quickly, surprising even me. ____19____ I visited bookstores in search of birding guidebooks. Excitedly exchanged bird descriptions with a stranger. Purchased 50-pound bags of sunflower seeds. All of this seemed very strange to a middle-aged guy who’d never been attracted by birds. Even more, I had previously judged bird watchers to be rather dull sorts. ____20____ They’ve reminded me how my world can expand and become enriched when I make the effort to pay attention. What else awaits me in our world, I wonder, that I haven’t yet discovered or noticed? A. Nature always amazed me in its own way. B. Yet in prior days and years, I had no idea. C. Black-caps are a sign of good environment. D. Within a day, black-caps accepted my invitation to dine. E. Black-caps have had a special place at the top of my affections. F. What started as mere curiosity flowered into a consuming passion. G. And much more often than not, they are heard before they’re seen. 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Ili Pika is a beautiful animal with big rusty-red spots on the head and some pale hair behind the ears. Adults are more than 200 millimeters long. ____21____ a rabbit and a mouse, the Ili Pikas are native to Xinjiang and ____22____ live in holes between bare rocks at an altitude of 2,800 meters to 4,100 meters. They are ____23____ to living on the extremely cold plateau (高原) and ____24____ herbs and snow lotus in the Tianshan Mountains. In July 1983, when researcher Li Weidong was ____25____ fieldwork for the local health, he ____26____ a small creature emerging from a gap between large rooks in the mountains. Li, familiar with rodents (啮齿动物), was unable to discover any ____27____ relating to it. In 1986, the animal was recognized as a new species, ____28____ he decided to call it “Ili Pika” and devote himself to its ____29____. The Pika is ____30____ to changes in its environment. “Global warming has forced the animals to move further ____31____ the mountain. The size of their habitat has ____32____ by 70 percent,” said Li. There are less than 1,000 Ili Pikas now, making them ____33____ than giant pandas. In 2008, the animal was ____34____ as “endangered” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. ____35____ further protection, the animal will soon become extinct, Li said. “We must change that.” 21. A. Resembling B. Following C. Guarding D. Accompanying 22. A. normally B. wisely C. accidentally D. hardly 23. A. addicted B. accustomed C. opposed D. attached 24. A. passing on B. feeding on C. bringing out D. picking out 25. A. presenting B. promoting C. describing D. conducting 26. A. raised B. rescued C. noticed D. purchased 27. A. statistics B. solutions C. activities D. records 28. A. yet B. so C. and D. but 29. A. collection B. liberation C. conservation D. education 30. A. sensitive B. eager C. blind D. equal 31. A. below B. over C. down D. up 32. A. increased B. varied C. shrunk D. reserved 33. A. bigger B. more C. rarer D. lighter 34. A. classified B. qualified C. justified D. simplified 35. A. Beyond B. Without C. Regarding D. Despite 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Videos of 77-year-old Xu Xiuzhen, who speaks different languages with foreigners while working at a scene spot selling water, ____36____ (bring) her instant fame in the last few months. Xu’s village is located in a popular tourist destination. She has been working ____37____ a tour guide and vendor (小贩) in Yangshuo since 1998, when the area became famous with foreign backpackers. Xu, who dropped out of junior school in the third grade, began to learn ____38____ (vary) of languages in order to attract more foreign customers. It ____39____ (occur) to her that she would convert words in any language into Chinese characters, ____40____ (base) on their pronunciation and then memorize them. Repeating the words in her head before going to bed and immediately doing so ____41____ waking up has given her fluency in basic conversations with foreigners. Over the past two decades, Xu has taught herself 41 foreign languages, including English, Spanish, Japanese and Korean. In addition to ____42____ (make) her incredibly popular, her linguistic power has made ____43____ easier for her to communicate with foreign tourists. Xu has also become one of the ____44____ (busy) tour guides in Yangshuo. Her reputation draws a large crowd of tourists every day, especially foreign visitors, who come to meet the multilingual guide out of admiration. Xu now owns a popular restaurant and operates a reputable hotel. “More and more foreign tourists _____45_____ (come) to Yangshuo now and I hope they will feel at home here with my help,” she said. 第四部分写作（共两节；满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，下月末是端午节，你校英国交换生Mary对端午节风俗非常感兴趣，她将和你一起度过。请写一封邮件告知届时的安排。 内容包括：1. 你的安排及原因（与端午渊源有关）。 2. 询问对方的安排。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在以下位置作答。 Dear Mary, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lihua 第二节读后续写（25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Ten-year-old Sami loved to visit his grandfather’s house. The house was near the beautiful blue sea. At the seaside stood thick and tall palm trees (椰子树) with green coconuts hanging from them. When the coconuts fell down, Sami would break them open and drink the coconut water. Sami liked to play under the trees. It was always great fun to spend the holidays at Grandpa’s place. This winter vacation, Sami was surprised when he came to his grandfather’s village. There were hardly any trees left. He saw a house built near the sea. People had cut down many palm trees and there was hardly any greenery left. Grandpa’s house was different. He never allowed his trees to be cut. He hugged each palm tree in his courtyard. He also named the two big trees near the front door: one was Petu, and the other Betu. He had planted them with his own hands and today they became large, massive trees with thick trunks. They were tall and green and gave the sweetest juiciest coconuts. One night, Sami was awakened by a strange sound. He could not sleep. Suddenly, the ground shook as if the earth was splitting. He sat up straight and then ran to Grandpa. He clung (抓) to his grandpa tightly. Grandpa cried out, “It’s an earthquake!” They ran outside the house. They thought that would be safe. Suddenly, there was a loud sound: the earth was not splitting, but the sea was roaring. People were shouting, screaming and crying, “The sea is rising! The sea is rising.” The villagers started running away from the beach. The waves were rising higher and higher. Sami thought, “How big the waves are!” He went into the house again and saw water coming in from all sides. He was scared. Sami remembered his mother telling him long ago, “You must always get out of the house if the floods come too near.” He ran outside the house with Grandpa. But the water came surging in. Waves about twelve meters high came rushing in, drowning everything. Water was all around and everywhere. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Grandpa held Sami’s hand tightly, but a huge wave separated them. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Sami, come to me, quickly,” Grandpa cried, holding the tree. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 常州市第一中学2024--2025学年第二学期期中质量调研 高一英语卷 （时间：120分钟 满分150分） 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What is the woman going to do next? A. Go out: for coffee, B. Get some exercise. C. Work with the man. 2. When does the match begin? A. At 6:15. B. At 6:45. C. At 7:00. 3. What did the man give up learning? A. Tennis. B. Chess. C. Guitar. 4. Where are the speakers? A. At an airport. B. At a railway station. C. At a post office. 5. Who is the woman talking to? A. Her workmate. B, Her student’s father. C. Her husband. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面。5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What are the speakers discussing? A. An environment-friendly material. B. A neighborhood recycling project. C. A garbage separating job in a school. 7. What does the man decide to do? A. Hire someone to do the separating job. B. Ask the school children for help. C. Use labeled trash sorting bins. 听第7段材料。回答第8至10题。 8. What color skirt does the man suggest the woman buy at first? A. White. B. Black. C. Brown. 9 What does the woman think of the skirt with letters? A. The color looks boring. B. The price is a little high. C. The style is kind of outdated. 10. What do we know about the woman? A. She chose a spotted, skirt in black. B. She bought a flowered skirt in a small size. C. She will come to the store again tomorrow. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Travel agent and tourist. C. Hotel receptionist and customer. 12. What are the speakers doing? A. Booking a hotel. B. Preparing for a party. C. Planning on a celebration. 13. How will the speakers spend their weekend? A. By: swimming in a pool. B. By going climbing. C. By visiting Hyde Park. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14 How did James become interested in trees? A. He enjoyed climbing trees as a child. B. He got a job taking care of trees. C. He grew up around trees. 15. What surprised James when he first learnt to climb trees? A. The wide age range of people in the class. B. The time it took to become good at it. C. The amount of equipment needed. 16. What does James like best about his teaching work? A. Offering people an interesting new experience. B. Helping people who need the skill for their work. C. Showing people how to climb in different kinds of weather. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Why does the speaker find chemistry hard? A. She can’t follow the teacher. B. She can’t understand the textbook. C. She can’t remember the information. 18. How does the speaker try to improve her chemistry? A. By joining a study group. B. By reading more books on it. C. By asking the teacher for help. 19. How does the speaker feel about learning the new computer program? A. Confident. B. Excited. C. Confused. 20. What can we learn about the speaker? A. Most of her classmates find the computer course easy. B. Her friends don’t like learning chemistry. C. She is afraid to take the final exam. 第二部分阅读（共两节：满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Books That Celebrate Diverse Holidays and Traditions It’s important to remember there are a diverse set of holidays available to explore. Below are a few books that help introduce children to different holiday cultures and traditions. Too Many Tamales by Gary Soto, illustrated by Ed Martinez While helping her mother with Christmas celebration, Maria is tempted (吸引；诱惑) to try on her mother’s diamond ring. After getting caught up in the joy of the holiday and playing with her cousins, Maria realizes the ring is missing! That’s when she and her cousins come up with a plan to eat all of the tamales (玉米粉蒸肉), in hopes of finding the ring. Together for Kwanzaa by Juwanda G. Ford, illustrated by Shelly Hehenberger This is a story about a little girl named Kayla who wants to see her older brother Khari come home so they can celebrate Kwanzaa together as a family. Khari is stuck at college when a snowstorm hits and his car breaks down. Will he make it home in time for Kwanzaa? A Child’s Christmas in Wales by Dylan Thomas, illustrated by Trina Schart Hyman This book is a funny, nostalgic (怀旧的) tale of Christmas Eve afternoon through Christmas night in Wales, and is full of unique imagery and poetic prose. It will arouse (激起) a sense of familiarity for some young readers while introducing them to different aspects of Christmas traditions. We Are Grateful: Otsaliheliga by Traci Sorell, illustrated by Frane Lessac The word otsaliheliga is used by members of the Cherokee Nation to express gratitude. This is an amazing story that describes a journey through the seasons with a modern-day Cherokee family. Cherokee history and traditions are also woven into the story in a very kid-friendly way. 1. What makes it difficult for Khari to return home in time for Kwanzaa? A. A car crash. B. Delayed flights. C. Extreme weather. D. Academic pressure. 2. Who provides pictures for A Child’s Christmas in Wales? A. Traci Sorell. B. Ed Martinez. C Dylan Thomas. D. Trina Schart Hyman. 3. What do the four books all inform readers of? A. How to find hidden treasures at home. B. How to strengthen connections with friends. C. The lifestyles of different countries. D. Different holiday celebrations and customs. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本庆祝不同节日和传统的书籍。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Together for Kwanzaa by Juwanda G. Ford, illustrated by Shelly Hehenberger部分“Khari is stuck at college when a snowstorm hits and his car breaks down. (一场暴风雪袭来，卡里的车坏了，他被困在大学里。)”可知，Khari难以及时回家参加宽扎节是极端天气导致的结果。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据A Child’s Christmas in Wales by Dylan Thomas, illustrated by Trina Schart Hyman部分的标题“A Child’s Christmas in Wales by Dylan Thomas, illustrated by Trina Schart Hyman (狄兰·托马斯的《威尔士的儿童圣诞节》，由特瑞娜•沙尔特•海曼绘制插图)”可知，特瑞娜•沙尔特•海曼为《威尔士孩子的圣诞节》提供图片。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Below are a few books that help introduce children to different holiday cultures and traditions. (下面是一些帮助孩子们了解不同节日文化和传统的书籍。)”可知，这四本书的共同点是向读者介绍不同的节日庆祝活动和习俗。故选D。 B For the first time, scientists have provided clear evidence that tropical tree lifespans(寿命) decrease above a critical temperature threshold. Findings published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences show that across the tropics, tree lifespans decrease for temperatures above 25℃. As temperatures are rising rapidly across large parts of the tropics, the tree death rate is likely to rise in most parts of the tropics, including the Amazon, Pantanal and Atlantic forests, with possible effects on animal habitats, air quality and carbon stocks. Although tropical rainforests account for only 7% of all land, they are home to about 50% of all animals and plant species, and approximately 50% of forest carbon stocks on earth. Thus, small changes in the functioning of tropical forests can significantly change the atmospheric levels of CO2-the most important greenhouse gas caused by humans. Professor Manuel Gloor and Dr Roel Brienen, the Leeds School of Geography, are co-authors of the new study. Professor Gloor said: “Many regions in the tropics are heating up particularly rapidly and a large number of areas will become warmer, on average, than approximately 25℃. Our findings suggest that for trees in these regions, their lifespans are likely to be negatively affected.” Dr Brienen added, “This indicates that tropical forests may be more vulnerable(易受伤害的) to increasing heat than previously thought. As a result of global warming, we therefore expect the shortening of tree lifespans in the tropics. These results are a warning sign that, along with deforestation, global warming puts extra stress on the Earth’s tropical forests.” The research team, led by Dr Giuliano Locosselli, from the Institute of Biosciences, University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, spent four years examining tree-rising data from more than 100,000 trees worldwide belonging to 400 different tree species from 3,000 sites across the globe. Dr Locosselli said, “In the tropics, trees grow, on average, twice as fast as those in cooler regions of the world. But they also have a shorter average lifespan of 186 years, compared to 322 years for trees in other climates. Our analysis suggests that the lifespans in the tropics will likely decrease further still.” “If tropical trees die earlier, this will affect how much carbon these forests can hold, raising concerns about the future potential of forests to balance CO2 emissions(排放) from fossil fuels burning. It could also cause changes in biodiversity and a decrease in the number of species on the planet.” Currently, average temperatures in tropical rainforests vary between 21℃ and 30℃. According to the latest forecasts, tropical temperatures on land will continue to rise, reaching on average a combined 2.5 ℃ above pre-industrial levels over the next 10 to 20 years. The study also shows that temperature effects on tree longevity(长寿) will be further worsened by dry conditions. 4. What does the underlined word “threshold” in the first paragraph probably mean? A. Assumption. B. Boundary. C. Controller. D. Distinction. 5. What do we know about tropical rainforests from the passage? A. They occupy a large part of the land on earth. B. They stock the carbon of almost the whole forest. C. Their ability to absorb CO2 is weaker than expected. D. They are home to about half the creatures on earth. 6. What is a special point about trees in the tropics compared to trees in other climates? A. They live for a much shorter time on average. B. They have fewer species and living sites globally. C. They are not as strongly affected by temperature. D. They grow much slower than those in cooler regions. 7. What will dry conditions lead to, according to the passage? A. Tropical trees dying much faster. B. Tropical trees releasing more heat. C. Tropical trees catching fire more often. D. Tropical trees standing hotter temperatures. 【答案】4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，科学家们发现在过了某一温度界限时，热带树木的寿命确实会缩短。 【4题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词后面“...tree lifespans decrease for temperatures above 25℃.(……温度高于25℃时，树木的寿命会缩短)”可知，热带树木在温度超过25℃的时候寿命会缩短，故判断出科学家首次提供了明确的证据，证明热带树木的寿命在临界温度值以上会缩短threshold 意为“界限”。故选B项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Although tropical rainforests account for only 7% of all land, they are home to about 50% of all animals and plant species, and approximately 50% of forest carbon stocks on earth.(尽管热带雨林只占所有土地的7%，但它们是约50%的动植物物种的家园，也是地球上约50%的森林碳储量的家园)”可知，热带雨林是地球上大约一半生物的家园。故选D项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“But they also have a shorter average lifespan of 186 years, compared to 322 years for trees in other climates.(但它们的平均寿命也较短，只有186岁，而其他气候条件下的树木平均寿命为322岁。)”可知，热带树木的寿命比其他地区的树木寿命要短很多，故选A项。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The study also shows that temperature effects on tree longevity(长寿) will be further worsened by dry conditions.(该研究还表明，温度对树木寿命的影响将因干旱条件而进一步恶化。)”可知，干旱会导致热带树木死得更快。故选A项。 C As part of your trip to Australia, you must make sure you experience some Aboriginal Culture. Before the British and European settlers arrived in Australia, the only residents were the Aboriginal. European settlers brought Old World diseases which the Aboriginal could not cope with, so many people died. To make fraters worse, they weren’t given any rights to the land and they were pushed out to make way for the Europeans. Nowadays, the Aboriginal account for just three percent of the Australian population, and many suffer from alcohol and health problems. But there are pockets within Australia where you can still see their old values and traditions. These are key places to learnt more about Aboriginal cultures and beliefs. The Aboriginal Culture is complex with many beliefs and hidden layers to explore, Music and art are the most well-known aspects. Did you know that the didgeridoo is only used by those from the East Rock art is the oldest form of the Aboriginal art and can be found in places such as Ayers Rock and Kakadu National Park as these are sacred Aboriginal lands. It is the dot paintings (点画) that are particularly popular with tourists and these are generally easy to find throughout Australia. There are lots of places you can go to learn about the Aboriginal Culture. Arnhem Land which is near Darwin in the top-end of Australia, is the best place to go. Numbers of tourists are restricted to this sacred area so you can guarantee a less touristy approach. You do get to appreciate the real culture and see real Aboriginal dot paintings and handiwork. You can easily include a day trip here as part of your trip to Darwin. Remember that this area has defined seasons so only come here between May and October. 8. According to the first paragraph, the Aboriginal are _______. A. settlers from the Europe B. people native to Australia C. travelers round the world D. people interested in culture 9. What can we learn from the second paragraph? A. Most of the Aboriginal lead a simple but healthy life. B. The Aboriginal is the majority of Australian population. C. European settlers pushed-the Aboriginal to open up wasteland. D. The Aboriginal Culture is passed down within small areas. 10. What can we infer from the third paragraph? A. Rock Art witnessed the history of Australia. B. The Aboriginal had close links with the East. C. Tourists take an interest in the Aboriginal Culture. D. Music and art are more popular than dot paintings. 11. Why does the author recommend a trip to Arnhem Land? A. The Aboriginal Culture is rooted there. B. The Aboriginal Culture is well preserved there. C. Arnhem Land is available throughout the year. D. Many tourists speak highly of the trip there. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了原住民的历史遭遇、文化特点及推荐的文化体验地，旨在让读者了解原住民文化的现状与独特魅力。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Before the British and European settlers arrived in Australia, the only residents were the Aboriginal.(在英国和欧洲殖民者抵达澳大利亚之前，唯一的居民是原住民)”可知，在英国和欧洲殖民者抵达澳大利亚之前，唯一的居民是原住民。说明原住民是澳大利亚的本土居民。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“But there are pockets within Australia where you can still see their old values and traditions. These are key places to learn more about Aboriginal cultures and beliefs.(但在澳大利亚境内仍有一些小区域，你可以在那里看到他们古老的价值观和传统。这些是了解更多原住民文化和信仰的关键地点)”可知，澳大利亚境内仍有一些小区域保留着原住民的古老价值观和传统，这些地方是了解其文化和信仰的关键地点。这表明原住民文化在小范围内传承。故选D项。 10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“It is the dot paintings that are particularly popular with tourists and these are generally easy to find throughout Australia.(点画尤其受游客欢迎，且在澳大利亚各地通常很容易找到)”可知，点画在游客中特别受欢迎且在澳大利亚各地容易找到。由此可推断，游客对原住民文化感兴趣，故选C项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Arnhem Land which is near Darwin in the top-end of Australia, is the best place to go. Numbers of tourists are restricted to this sacred area so you can guarantee a less touristy approach. You do get to appreciate the real culture and see real Aboriginal dot paintings and handiwork.(位于澳大利亚北部顶端、靠近达尔文的阿纳姆地是最佳去处。前往这片神圣区域的游客数量受到限制，因此你可以确保获得一种不那么游客化的体验。在这里，你能够真正领略当地文化，欣赏到真实的原住民点画和手工艺品)”可知，阿纳姆地是神圣区域，游客数量受限，能让人欣赏到真正的原住民文化。这表明该地的原住民文化保存良好。故选B项。 D Aesop’s fable (寓言) about the town mouse and the country mouse concentrates on the dangers of city living and rather sneers at its advantages. Yet advantages there are, for mice and men alike, as long as those involved are able to grasp them. That, though, requires an ability to respond successfully to novel problems. So a pair of researchers in Germany have looked to see whether urban mice are better at doing this than rural ones. Their conclusion, just published in Animal Behaviour, is that they are. Valeria-Mazza of the University of Potsdam and Anja Guenther of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, in Plon, captured 17 striped field mice from farmland and 14 others from various places in central Berlin. They kept these animals in a laboratory for a year to make them used to living there, and then challenged them with various tasks which, if performed successfully, would yield a reward of food. Tasks included opening the windowpanes of a house made of Lego bricks and opening the lid of a Petri dish. Meanwhile, all the mice-were also given a naturalistic task that involved digging through a heap of bedding to find a reward. Both groups seemed equally eager to participate in the tasks, but the urban mice were better at solving the novel ones. They had a 77 percent success rate, compared to the rural mice’s 52percent. When it came to the control task, though, both were equally good, solving it 85 percent and 88 percent respectively. The researchers’ next object of investigation is whether the urban mice had learned their smarts, or had .inherited them. This will involve raising mouse pups from the two populations in the same laboratory conditions. Dr. Mazza and Dr. Guenther hope to have the answer later this year, 12. Why does the author mention “Aesop’s fable” in the beginning? A. To clarify a concept. B. To explain a rule. C. To introduce a topic. D. To make a prediction. 13. What did the German researchers do to draw their conclusion? A. They raised mouse pups in different labs. B. They learned to use Lego bricks to build houses. C. They developed their ability to respond to disadvantages. D. They challenged the mice in the lab with various tasks. 14. What is the difference between urban mice and rural mice? A. Urban mice are better at solving new problems. B. Urban mice are more concerned about dangers. C. Rural mice are less eager to participate in tasks. D. Rural mice are easier to be attracted by food. 15. Which is the best title for the text? A. Let’s move to big cities. B. Where mice live may determine their intelligence. C. It’s unknown whether mice’s intelligence can be inherited. D. Make the most of advantages as well as disadvantages. 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍德国研究人员通过实验对比城市老鼠和乡村老鼠解决新问题的能力，发现城市老鼠在应对新任务时表现更优，并探讨其智力是否与生存环境相关。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Aesop’s fable (寓言) about the town mouse and the country mouse concentrates on the dangers of city living and rather sneers at its advantages. Yet advantages there are, for mice and men alike, as long as those involved are able to grasp them.(伊索关于城里老鼠和乡下老鼠的寓言聚焦于城市生活的危险，且颇为轻视其优势。然而，正如对人类一样，对老鼠而言城市生活也有优势，只要相关个体能够把握这些优势。)”可知，作者通过引用寓言故事，以“城市生活对老鼠是否有优势”这一话题为切入点，自然引出后文对城市小鼠和乡村小鼠应对新问题能力的研究。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“They kept these animals in a laboratory for a year to make them used to living there, and then challenged them with various tasks which, if performed successfully, would yield a reward of food. Tasks included opening the windowpanes of a house made of Lego bricks and opening the lid of a Petri dish.(他们将这些老鼠在实验室饲养一年使其适应环境，随后用各种任务对它们进行测试——成功完成任务可获得食物奖励。任务包括打开乐高积木房屋的窗格和培养皿的盖子。)”可知，德国研究人员通过在实验室中用不同任务测试城市小鼠和乡村小鼠的方式得出结论。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Both groups seemed equally eager to participate in the tasks, but the urban mice were better at solving the novel ones. They had a 77 percent success rate, compared to the rural mice’s 52 percent.(两组小鼠参与任务的积极性似乎相当，但城市小鼠更擅长解决新任务。它们的成功率为77%，而乡村小鼠为52%。)”可知，城市小鼠与乡村小鼠的差异在于城市小鼠更擅长解决新问题。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中的“So a pair of researchers in Germany have looked to see whether urban mice are better at doing this than rural ones. Their conclusion, just published in Animal Behaviour, is that they are. (因此，德国的两位研究人员试图探究城市老鼠是否比乡村老鼠更擅长做这件事。他们刚刚发表在《动物行为》杂志上的结论是：确实如此。)”及实验结果可知，文章围绕“小鼠的生活环境（城市或乡村）可能决定其解决新问题的能力”展开研究和讨论，“小鼠的生活环境可能决定其智力水平”最能概括全文核心，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 There are few natural sounds more uplifting to my spirit than the bright and cheering calls and songs of black-capped chickadees (山雀). One of my morning routines is to step outside the house and listen for the voices of black-caps. There is something comforting to me in black-caps’ presence. ____16____ Sometimes they are the only birds I’ll hear on my local woodland walks and for me the forest would be a lonelier place without them. After I’d moved into a house on Anchorage’s Hillside, I placed a makeshift feeder on my home’s back. ____17____ For each, the routine was similar: dashed in, looked around, pecked (啄) at the tray, looked around again, and dashed out. Nervous little creatures, full of bright energy, they soon had me laughing at their funny way, By the time they moved on, I sensed an all-too-rare upwelling of fascination and joy. Within days, a whole new world opened up as woodland neighbors I’d never known, or even imagined, joined the black-caps at my feeders: red-breasted nuthatches, common redpolls…What was remarkable was that all of those species were common residents of the Anchorage area. ____18____ My newfound interest in birds grew quickly, surprising even me. ____19____ I visited bookstores in search of birding guidebooks. Excitedly exchanged bird descriptions with a stranger. Purchased 50-pound bags of sunflower seeds. All of this seemed very strange to a middle-aged guy who’d never been attracted by birds. Even more, I had previously judged bird watchers to be rather dull sorts. ____20____ They’ve reminded me how my world can expand and become enriched when I make the effort to pay attention. What else awaits me in our world, I wonder, that I haven’t yet discovered or noticed? A. Nature always amazed me in its own way. B. Yet in prior days and years, I had no idea. C. Black-caps are a sign of good environment. D. Within a day, black-caps accepted my invitation to dine. E. Black-caps have had a special place at the top of my affections. F. What started as mere curiosity flowered into a consuming passion. G. And much more often than not, they are heard before they’re seen. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. B 19. F 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者对黑帽山雀的热爱。 【16题详解】 由空后的“Sometimes they are the only birds I’ll hear on my local woodland walks and for me the forest would be a lonelier place without them.(有时，它们是我在当地森林散步时唯一能听到的鸟类，对我来说，没有它们，森林将是一个更加孤独的地方)”可知，它们的声音很容易被听到，G选项“And much more often than not, they are heard before they’re seen.(通常情况下，它们在被看到之前就被听到了)”说明了鸟的叫声很明显，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 空前说“After I’d moved into a house on Anchorage’s Hillside, I placed a makeshift feeder on my home’s back.(在我搬进安克雷奇山坡上的一所房子后，我在家里的后面放了一个临时的喂食器)”，空格处应该说这些鸟就可以来吃东西了，D选项“Within a day, black-caps accepted my invitation to dine.(不到一天，黑帽山雀就接受了我的晚餐邀请)”说明了作者给鸟喂食，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。 【18题详解】 空前说“Within days, a whole new world opened up as woodland neighbors I’d never known, or even imagined, joined the black-caps at my feeders: red-breasted nuthatches, common redpolls…What was remarkable was that all of those species were common residents of the Anchorage area.(几天之内，一个全新的世界展现在我面前，我从未认识，或者想象到的森林邻居加入了我饲养的黑帽山雀：红胸金盏花，普通红尾莺……值得注意的是，所有这些物种都是安克雷奇地区的普通居民)”，空格处应该说作者以前是不知道有这些鸟的，B选项“Yet in prior days and years, I had no idea.(然而在过去的几年里，我对此一无所知)”承接上文，符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 空前说“My newfound interest in birds grew quickly, surprising even me.(我对鸟类新发现的兴趣迅速增长，连我自己都感到惊讶)”，空后说“I visited bookstores in search of birding guidebooks. Excitedly exchanged bird descriptions with a stranger.(我去书店寻找观鸟指南。兴奋地和一个陌生人交换鸟类的描述)”，因此空格处应该说作者对鸟的爱好日益增长，F选项“What started as mere curiosity flowered into a consuming passion.(最初仅仅是好奇，后来发展成强烈的爱好)”说明了作者的爱好的增加，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。 【20题详解】 空后说“They’ve reminded me how my world can expand and become enriched when I make the effort to pay attention.(它们提醒我，当我努力集中注意力时，我的世界可以扩大并变得丰富)”，空格处应该说黑帽山雀对作者的重要性，E选项“Black-caps have had a special place at the top of my affections.(黑帽山雀占据着我的感情之巅的特殊地位)”说明了黑帽山雀的重要性，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The Ili Pika is a beautiful animal with big rusty-red spots on the head and some pale hair behind the ears. Adults are more than 200 millimeters long. ____21____ a rabbit and a mouse, the Ili Pikas are native to Xinjiang and ____22____ live in holes between bare rocks at an altitude of 2,800 meters to 4,100 meters. They are ____23____ to living on the extremely cold plateau (高原) and ____24____ herbs and snow lotus in the Tianshan Mountains. In July 1983, when researcher Li Weidong was ____25____ fieldwork for the local health, he ____26____ a small creature emerging from a gap between large rooks in the mountains. Li, familiar with rodents (啮齿动物), was unable to discover any ____27____ relating to it. In 1986, the animal was recognized as a new species, ____28____ he decided to call it “Ili Pika” and devote himself to its ____29____. The Pika is ____30____ to changes in its environment. “Global warming has forced the animals to move further ____31____ the mountain. The size of their habitat has ____32____ by 70 percent,” said Li. There are less than 1,000 Ili Pikas now, making them ____33____ than giant pandas. In 2008, the animal was ____34____ as “endangered” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. ____35____ further protection, the animal will soon become extinct, Li said. “We must change that.” 21. A. Resembling B. Following C. Guarding D. Accompanying 22. A. normally B. wisely C. accidentally D. hardly 23. A. addicted B. accustomed C. opposed D. attached 24. A. passing on B. feeding on C. bringing out D. picking out 25. A. presenting B. promoting C. describing D. conducting 26. A. raised B. rescued C. noticed D. purchased 27. A. statistics B. solutions C. activities D. records 28. A. yet B. so C. and D. but 29. A. collection B. liberation C. conservation D. education 30. A. sensitive B. eager C. blind D. equal 31. A. below B. over C. down D. up 32. A. increased B. varied C. shrunk D. reserved 33. A. bigger B. more C. rarer D. lighter 34. A. classified B. qualified C. justified D. simplified 35. A. Beyond B. Without C. Regarding D. Despite 【答案】21. A 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了伊犁鼠兔这种珍稀动物的特点、发现过程以及面临的生存威胁。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：像兔子和老鼠一样，伊犁鼠兔原产于新疆，通常生活在海拔2800米至4100米之间裸露岩石的洞穴中。A. Resembling像；B. Following跟随；C. Guarding守卫；D. Accompanying陪伴。根据后文“a rabbit and a mouse”可知，伊犁鼠兔外形介于兔子和老鼠之间，Resemble用于描述其外形特征。故选A。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. normally通常地；B. wisely明智地；C. accidentally意外地；D. hardly几乎不。根据后文“live in holes between bare rocks at an altitude of 2,800 meters to 4,100 meters”可知，此处指通常的栖息地，表示栖息地习惯。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们习惯生活在极其寒冷高原上，以天山的草药和雪莲为食。A. addicted上瘾的；B. accustomed习惯的；C. opposed反对的；D. attached附上的。根据后文“to living on the extremely cold plateau”可知，此处表示伊犁鼠兔习惯生活在极其寒冷的高原上，描述它们适应寒冷高原环境。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. passing on传递；B. feeding on以……为食；C. bringing out出版；D. picking out挑选。根据后文“herbs and snow lotus in the Tianshan Mountains”可知，此处表示伊犁鼠兔以天山的草药和雪莲为食，描述其饮食习惯。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1983年7月，研究员李维东在为当地卫生部门开展野外工作时，注意到一只小动物从山间大石块的缝隙中钻了出来。A. presenting展示；B. promoting促进；C. describing描述；D. conducting进行。根据后文“fieldwork for the local health”可知，此处表示李维东在当地进行野外工作。conduct fieldwork表示“进行野外工作”。故选D。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. raised提升；B. rescued拯救；C. noticed注意到；D. purchased购买。根据后文“a small creature emerging from a gap between large rooks in the mountains”可知，李维东注意到一只小动物，notice符合发现动物的场景。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：李维东对啮齿动物很熟悉，但没能找到任何与它有关的记录。A. statistics统计；B. solutions解决方案；C. activities活动；D. records记录。根据前文“was unable to discover any”和后文“In 1986, the animal was recognized as a new species”可知，伊犁鼠兔被认定为新物种，所以李维东没能找到任何与这个小生物有关的记录。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：1986年，这种动物被认定为新物种，所以我决定把它命名为“伊犁鼠兔”，并致力于它的保护。A. yet然而；B. so所以；C. and和；D. but但是。根据前文“In 1986, the animal was recognized as a new species”以及后文“he decided to call it “Ili Pika” and devote himself to its”可知，前后文之间为因果关系，所以用so连接。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. collection收集；B. liberation解放；C. conservation保护；D. education教育。根据后文“the animal will soon become extinct, Li said. “We must change that.””可知，如果没有进一步的保护，这种动物很快就会灭绝，所以李维东致力于它的保护。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伊犁鼠兔对环境变化很敏感。A. sensitive敏感的；B. eager渴望的；C. blind盲目的；D. equal平等的。根据后文“Global warming has forced the animals to move further ____ the mountain.”可知，此处表示伊犁鼠兔对环境变化很敏感，所以全球变暖迫使这些动物向山上移动。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：“全球变暖迫使这些动物向山上移动。它们的栖息地面积已经缩小了70%。”李维东说。A. below在……下面；B. over在……上方；C. down向下；D. up向上。根据前文“living on the extremely cold plateau (原) and ____ herbs and snow lotus in the Tianshan Mountains”、“Global warming has forced the animals to move further”以及后文“the mountain”可知，它们习惯生活在极其寒冷的高原上，以天山的草药和雪莲为食，此处表示全球变暖迫使这些动物向山上移动。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“全球变暖迫使这些动物向山上移动。它们的栖息地面积已经缩小了70%。”李维东说。A. increased增加；B. varied变化；C. shrunk缩小；D. reserved保留。根据前文“Global warming has forced the animals to move further ____ the mountain.”可知，因全球变暖伊犁鼠兔的栖息地面积已经缩小了70%。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在伊犁鼠兔的数量不到1000只，比大熊猫还要稀有。A. bigger更大的；B. more更多的；C. rarer更稀有的；D. lighter更轻的。根据前文“There are Hess than 1,000 of Ili Pikas now”以及后文“than giant pandas”可知，此处表示伊犁鼠兔比大熊猫还要稀有。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2008年，该动物被国际自然保护联盟列为“濒危”物种。A. classified分类、划分；B. qualified使合格；C. justified证明……有理；D. simplified简化。根据后文“as “ endangered” by the International Union for Conservation of Nature”可知，因数量稀少伊犁鼠兔被国际自然保护联盟列为“濒危”物种。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：李维东说，如果没有进一步的保护，这种动物很快就会灭绝。A. Beyond超过；B. Without没有；C. Regarding关于；D. Despite尽管。根据后文“further protection, the animal will soon become extinct”可知，此处表示如果没有进一步的保护，这种动物很快就会灭绝。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Videos of 77-year-old Xu Xiuzhen, who speaks different languages with foreigners while working at a scene spot selling water, ____36____ (bring) her instant fame in the last few months. Xu’s village is located in a popular tourist destination. She has been working ____37____ a tour guide and vendor (小贩) in Yangshuo since 1998, when the area became famous with foreign backpackers. Xu, who dropped out of junior school in the third grade, began to learn ____38____ (vary) of languages in order to attract more foreign customers. It ____39____ (occur) to her that she would convert words in any language into Chinese characters, ____40____ (base) on their pronunciation and then memorize them. Repeating the words in her head before going to bed and immediately doing so ____41____ waking up has given her fluency in basic conversations with foreigners. Over the past two decades, Xu has taught herself 41 foreign languages, including English, Spanish, Japanese and Korean. In addition to ____42____ (make) her incredibly popular, her linguistic power has made ____43____ easier for her to communicate with foreign tourists. Xu has also become one of the ____44____ (busy) tour guides in Yangshuo. Her reputation draws a large crowd of tourists every day, especially foreign visitors, who come to meet the multilingual guide out of admiration. Xu now owns a popular restaurant and operates a reputable hotel. “More and more foreign tourists _____45_____ (come) to Yangshuo now, and I hope they will feel at home here with my help,” she said. 【答案】36. have brought 37. as 38. varieties 39. occurred 40. based 41. after 42. making 43. it 44. busiest 45. are coming##come 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，主要讲述了77岁的徐秀珍在阳朔景区通过自学多种外语，与外国游客流畅交流，从而获得名气的故事。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去的几个月里，77岁徐秀珍的视频瞬间为她带来了名气，视频中，她在景区景点卖水时与外国人用不同的语言交流。此处在句中作谓语动词，主语为Videos，为复数，与bring之间为主动关系，且根据时间状语in the last few months可知，此处应用现在完成时。故填have brought。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：自1998年以来，她一直在阳朔做导游和小贩，当时该地区因外国背包客而闻名。此处意为“担任，以……身份工作”，表达为work as，故此处应用介词as。故填as。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：徐只上到初中三年级就辍学了，为了吸引更多外国顾客，她开始学习各种语言。此处意为“各种各样的”，表达为varieties of，故此处应用名词的复数varieties，varieties of修饰名词languages。故填varieties。 【39题详解】 考查时态。句意：她突然想到，她可以根据发音将任何语言的单词转换成汉字，然后记住它们。此处意为“某人突然想到……”，表达为it occurred to sb. that…，故此处应用occurred在句中作谓语动词，主语为it，且根据后文would convert可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，故应用一般过去时。故填occurred。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。此处意为“基于……，以……为基础”，表达为be based on，此处在句中作状语，故应用形容词based作状语。故填based。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：睡觉前和醒来后立刻在脑海中重复这些单词，让她能流利地与外国人进行基本对话。此处意为“醒来后”，且空后为动名词短语waking up，故此处应用介词after“在……之后”。故填after。 【42题详解】 考查动名词。句意：除了使她非常受欢迎之外，她的语言能力还使她与外国游客交流更容易。短语in addition to“除了……以外”，to为介词，后面跟动名词作宾语。故填making。 【43题详解】 考查代词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，此处作has made的宾语，为“make it +adj+ for sb.+to do sth.使做某事对某人来说……”结构，故此处应用it作形式宾语，不定式 to communicate with foreign tourists为真正的宾语。故填it。 【44题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：徐导游也成为阳朔最忙的导游之一。根据空前the可知，此处应用形容词最高级busiest在句中作定语，修饰空后的名词tour guides。故填busiest。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：“越来越多的外国游客来到阳朔，我希望在我的帮助下，他们在这里会有家的感觉，”她说。此处作and并列的第一个分句中的谓语，主语为More and more tourists，为复数，与come之间为主动关系，且根据时间状语now可知，此处应用正在进行时，表示“正在到来”，故填are coming；也可以理解为陈述客观事实，陈述“现在现在越来越多的外国游客来到阳朔”这一事实，故也可用一般现在时come。故填are coming/come。 第四部分写作（共两节；满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，下月末是端午节，你校英国交换生Mary对端午节风俗非常感兴趣，她将和你一起度过。请写一封邮件告知届时的安排。 内容包括：1. 你的安排及原因（与端午渊源有关）。 2. 询问对方的安排。 注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；2. 请按如下格式在以下位置作答。 Dear Mary, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Lihua 【答案】One possible version Dear Mary, I’m delighted to outline our Dragon Boat Festival plans for this weekend, as you’ll be joining me to explore its traditions! On Saturday morning, we’ll head to the riverside to watch a dragon boat race — a vibrant event honoring the ancient poet Qu Yuan, who drowned himself in the Miluo River during the Warring States Period. The race symbolizes teamwork and cultural heritage. In the afternoon, we’ll return to my home to make zongzi together. These sticky rice dumplings, wrapped in bamboo leaves, are a staple of the festival. Afterward, my family will host a festive dinner featuring dishes like steamed fish and eggs braised in tea. You’ll also have the chance to try realgar wine. Before finalizing everything, I’d love to hear your thoughts: Do you have any dietary preferences or ideas to enhance the experience? 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给英国交换生Mary写邮件，告知端午节期间的安排，需结合端午渊源说明活动原因，并询问对方意见。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 高兴的：delighted →glad 象征：symbolizes → represents 机会：chance → opportunity 促进：enhance → boost 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Afterward, my family will host a festive dinner featuring dishes like steamed fish and eggs braised in tea. 拓展句：Afterward, my family will host a festive dinner which features dishes like steamed fish and eggs braised in tea. 【点睛】【高分句型1】On Saturday morning, we’ll head to the riverside to watch a dragon boat race — a vibrant event honoring the ancient poet Qu Yuan, who drowned himself in the Miluo River during the Warring States Period.（运用了who引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型 2】These sticky rice dumplings, wrapped in bamboo leaves, are a staple of the festival（运用了过去分词短语作定语） 第二节读后续写（25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Ten-year-old Sami loved to visit his grandfather’s house. The house was near the beautiful blue sea. At the seaside stood thick and tall palm trees (椰子树) with green coconuts hanging from them. When the coconuts fell down, Sami would break them open and drink the coconut water. Sami liked to play under the trees. It was always great fun to spend the holidays at Grandpa’s place. This winter vacation, Sami was surprised when he came to his grandfather’s village. There were hardly any trees left. He saw a house built near the sea. People had cut down many palm trees and there was hardly any greenery left. Grandpa’s house was different. He never allowed his trees to be cut. He hugged each palm tree in his courtyard. He also named the two big trees near the front door: one was Petu and the other Betu. He had planted them with his own hands and today they became large, massive trees with thick trunks. They were tall and green and gave the sweetest juiciest coconuts. One night, Sami was awakened by a strange sound. He could not sleep. Suddenly, the ground shook as if the earth was splitting. He sat up straight and then ran to Grandpa. He clung (抓) to his grandpa tightly. Grandpa cried out, “It’s an earthquake!” They ran outside the house. They thought that would be safe. Suddenly, there was a loud sound: the earth was not splitting, but the sea was roaring. People were shouting, screaming and crying, “The sea is rising! The sea is rising.” The villagers started running away from the beach. The waves were rising higher and higher. Sami thought, “How big the waves are!” He went into the house again and saw water coming in from all sides. He was scared. Sami remembered his mother telling him long ago, “You must always get out of the house if the floods come too near.” He ran outside the house with Grandpa. But the water came surging in. Waves about twelve meters high came rushing in, drowning everything. Water was all around and everywhere. 注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Grandpa held Sami’s hand tightly, but a huge wave separated them. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Sami, come to me, quickly,” Grandpa cried, holding the tree. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Grandpa held Sami’s hand tightly, but a huge wave separated them. Sami was swept away, struggling to keep his head above the water, his heart pounding with fear. Through the chaos, he saw Grandpa, who was swimming steadily toward Betu, the big palm tree that stood like a giant in the storm. Despite the strong waves pushing against him, Grandpa never stopped, finally reaching the tree and holding onto it tightly. Seeing Grandpa safe, Sami felt his fear fade, replaced by a glimmer of hope. He knew he had to be brave, just like Grandpa. “Sami, come to me, quickly,” Grandpa cried, holding the tree. Spotting a piece of wood floating nearby, Sami grabbed it and used it to push himself toward Grandpa. The waves tried to pull him back, but he fought harder, refusing to give up. Grandpa stretched out his hand, his eyes filled with hope, as if saying, “You can do it!” With one last try, Sami caught Grandpa’s hand, and they clung to the tree, shaking but safe. As the waves crashed around them, Sami realized something: these trees, which Grandpa had planted years ago, had become their lifeline. He promised himself to protect the trees and the environment, just as Grandpa had always taught him. 【解析】 【导语】本文以萨米探访爷爷家的经历为线索展开，讲述了寒假里，萨米惊讶地看到海边的房子和减少的绿植，而爷爷家却因保护树木得以保留一片绿荫。某夜，地震引发海啸，村民们纷纷逃离。萨米和爷爷在大树的庇护下避开了洪水的侵袭，目睹了高达十二米的巨浪淹没一切的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“爷爷紧紧握着萨米的手，但一个巨大的浪头将他们分开了。”可知，第一段可描写爷爷和萨米被巨浪分开后都各自怎么自救的，结合第二段的提示，此处应涉及到爷爷在自救过程中抱住一棵大树。 ②由第二段首句内容“‘萨米，快到我这儿来！’”爷爷抱着树喊道。”可知，第二段可描写萨米听到爷爷的喊声后如何挣扎着到达爷爷那里的以及萨米对这次经历的感悟。 2.续写线索：被巨浪分开——爷爷和萨米自救——爷爷喊萨米到他那边——萨米克服困难成功到达爷爷身边——萨米的感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①跳动：pound/beat/race ②抓住：hold onto/grasp/grab/sieze/catch ③伸出：stretch out/reach out 情绪类 ①害怕：with fear/ with terror/in panic ②希望：with hope/hopefully 【点睛】[高分句型1] Sami was swept away, struggling to keep his head above the water, his heart pounding with fear. （运用了现在分词短语和独立主格结构作状语） [高分句型2] Through the chaos, he saw Grandpa, who was swimming steadily toward Betu, the big palm tree that stood like a giant in the storm.（运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句） [高分句型3] Grandpa stretched out his hand, his eyes filled with hope, as if saying, “You can do it!”（运用了独立主格结构作状语和状语从句中的省略结构） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $