专题01 名词和冠词-【暑假自学课】2025年新七年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(外研版2024)

2025-05-29
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学段 初中
学科 英语
教材版本 -
年级 七年级
章节 -
类型 教案-讲义
知识点 -
使用场景 寒暑假-暑假
学年 2025-2026
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发布时间 2025-05-29
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作者 Easy English初高中英语精品
品牌系列 上好课·暑假轻松学
审核时间 2025-05-29
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专题01 名词和冠词 内容导航 考点聚焦:核心考点+中考考点,有的放矢 重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺 难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升 复习提升:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破 核心考点聚焦 可数名词变复数 冠词 ( 考点一 名词的数 ) 名词的数 可数名词变复数 1.规则变化 分类 构成方法 读音 例词 一般情况 加 -s 读 / s / 或读/ z / book bag pet boy 以s sh x ch 结尾 加 -es 读 / iz / bus brush box watch 以辅音字母加 y 结尾 变y 为i 加 -es 读 / z / family strawberry 以 o 结尾 有生命加 -es 无生命加 -s 读 / z / Potato hero photo zoo 以 f 或 fe 结尾 变 f 或 fe 为 v 再加 -es 读 / z / thief leaf wife knife 2.例外情况 1)以 ch 结尾加 s 的英语单词: stomach—stomachs 2)以 f 结尾直接加 s 的英语单词: roof—roofs gulf—gulfs belief—beliefs staff—staffs chief—chiefs proof—proofs 3)以 f 结尾两种变法都可的单词: scarf—scarfs / scarves dwarf—dwarfs / dwarves handkerchief—handkerchiefs / handkerchieves 3.不规则变化 1)单复数相同 sheep deer fish 2)a 变成 e man woman Englishman Frenchman 3)oo 变成 ee foot tooth goose 4)中日不变英法变,其余 s 加后边;German德国人,其复数形式为Germans 5)特殊变化 child—children ox — oxen mouse—mice 4.三个注意 1.英语中一些由两个部分组成的物体名词通常是以-s 结尾,如: pants,trousers,shorts,shoes,scissors,glasses 等。这一类名词, 如果不带单位词,通常用做复数; His new pants are black and white. 如果带有单位词,则需要根据单位词判定单复。 This pair of pants is cheap. Two pairs of pants are enough. 2.“形复意单”—虽有 s 但不是复数: physics,maths,politics,athletics, economics,news 3. 由两个名词组成的复合名词,复数时作为定语的那个名词通常都用单数形式,第二个名词用复数形式,以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时,前后两个名词都变成复数。 如:a boy student→three boy students a woman teacher→two women teachers 二、不可数名词 含义:不可数名词表示无法分清个体的名词,主要为物质名词和抽象名词。 物质名词: 液体类:juice,water,beer,coffee… 粉末类:powder,flour,sugar,salt… 食物类:rice,bread,junk food,butter,chocolate… 肉类:beef,pork,chicken,mutton… 抽象名词: information,money,work, advice,friendship,help, fun,health,furniture,jewelry,wealth,time… 不可数名词的特点: 1.前面不可以直接加不定冠词 a/an 2.不可数名词永远按单数处理Water is very important for people. Time is money. 3.当时间、金钱、距离或距离做主语时,后面动词用单数形式Four kilometers is a long way. 4.不可数名词也有量的表达: 数词/冠词+量词+of+不可数名词 ①个数:piece(张、片、块、条)a piece of apple pie ②容量:cup,bottle,bag,box, bucket two cups of tea three boxes of milk four buckets of water 四桶水 ③类别:kind all kinds of bread ④度量:kilo(千克,公斤)two kilos of oil 2、少数名词有不规则的变化形式 policeman---policemen; man---men; woman---women; tooth---teeth; foot---feet; sheep---sheep; deer---deer; Japanese--- Japanese; Chinese --- Chinese; fish --- fish 1.We would like _______ porridge and two eggs. A.two bowl of B.two bowl C.two bowls of D.two bowls 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我们想要两碗粥和两个鸡蛋。 考查名词的数。根据“We would like…porridge and two eggs.”可知,此处表达“两碗粥”,应用短语two bowls of“两碗”。故选C。 2.I have ________ for breakfast. A.bread and milk B.breads and milk C.bread and milks D.breads and milks 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我早餐吃面包和牛奶。 考查名词的数。“bread”和“milk”在英语中都是不可数名词。不可数名词没有复数形式,不能在词尾加“s”。故选A。 ( 考点二 冠词 ) 冠词的用法 定冠词用法详解:  1. 定冠词the用来特指双方都清楚的人、事、物。如:  A: Where’s Sam?萨姆在哪里?    B:In the kitchen.在厨房。(双方都清楚是指哪个厨房)  2. 指上文已经提到过得人、事、物。如:  They have two children: a boy and a girl. The boy is five and the girl is two. 他们有两个孩子:一个儿子,一个女儿。儿子五岁,女儿两岁。  3. 表示独一无二的事物前。如: the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth地球  4. 用于方位名词、某些专有名词前。如: the east东方 the Great Wall 长城 the Yangtze River 长江  the United States美国 5. 表示演奏乐器的名词前。如: play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin拉小提琴   6. 姓氏复数前加the表示一家人;某些形容词前加the,表示一类人。如: the Georges 乔治一家人  the rich 富人  the young 年轻人  the blind 盲人  7. 用在形容词的最高级前。如: the largest country in the world 世界上最大的国家  8. 用于序数词前表示顺序。如: the first term 第一学期 the second lesson 第二课 the twenty-first century 二十一世纪  9. the+比较级,the+比较级,表示“越来越……”如:  The more exercise you take, the healthier you will be. 你锻炼得越多,身体就越健康。 10. 用于一些固定搭配,如: in the morning在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 the day before yesterday 前天 the day after tomorrow后天 go to the cinema去看电影 in the middle of ....中间 look the same看上去一样 at the bottom of在----的底部 at the same time同时 at the age of在-...岁时 at the beginning of .---的开始 at the end of ----的末尾 all the time总是,一直 get into the habit of养成---的习惯 不定冠词用法详解:  1. 表示数量一,但没有one 强烈,如:He has got an apple, a pear and a banana. 2. 表示一类人或物。如:A plane goes faster than a train. 3. 指某人或某物,但不具体说明是何人或何物。 如:A boy is waiting for a bus at the bus stop. 4. 用于第一次提到的人或物。 如:I saw a bird in the tree. 5. 用于时间等词前,表示"每一"的意思。 如:Once a year, twice a week, fifty kilometers an hour. 6. 用于序数词前,表示"又一,再一"的意思。 如:You can asner it a second time.你可以再回答一次。 You’ll have to do it a third time.你得再做一次 7. 用于一些固定搭配。如: alite/a bit一点 a piece of 一张/片 a good/great many许多 a number of 一些,许多 have a cold 感冒 have a meeting 开会 have a rest休息 have a look at看一看 make a mistake 犯错误 make a face做鬼脸 half an hour 半小时 as a result (作为)结果 in a word 总之 in a hurry 匆忙,很快地 give me a hand帮助我 once upon a time 从前 【易错警示】 1. 有些单词虽然是以元音字母开头,但是却不发元音,因此其前用不定冠词a,如:university,European,one-way等。 2. 有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头,但是却发元音,因此其前用不定冠词an,如:hour,honest,honor等。 3.I’ve played ________ violin for an hour. Can I go out to play ________ football with Jim now? A./; the B.the; / C.the; the D./; / 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我已经拉了一个小时的小提琴。现在我可以出去和吉姆踢足球吗? 考查冠词。play the violin拉小提琴,演奏乐器时,乐器名称前要加定冠词the。play football踢足球,进行球类运动时,运动名称前不加冠词。故选B。 4.Miranda, did you have ________ good time on the trip to Hangzhou last week? A./ B.the C.a D.an 【答案】C 【详解】句意:米兰达,你上周去杭州玩得开心吗? 考查冠词。the定冠词,表示特指;a不定冠词,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,用于以元音音素开头的单词前。“have a good time”是一个固定短语,意为“玩得开心,过得愉快”。故选C。 5.You could go to a summer concert with friends or visit ________ interesting exhibition. A.the B.a C.an D./ 【答案】C 【详解】句意:你可以和朋友一起去参加夏季音乐会,或者参观一个有趣的展览。 考查冠词词义辨析。the定冠词表特指;a一个,修饰辅音音素开头的单词;an一个,修饰元音音素开头的单词;/零冠词。空处泛指一个有趣的展览,且interesting是元音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词an修饰。故选C。 1.—What do you want to buy in the mall? —Four ________ and ________. A.cartons of milk; two kilos of tomatoes B.cartons of milk; two kilos of tomato C.carton of milk; two kilos of tomatoes D.carton of milk; two kilos of tomato 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你想在商场里买什么?——四盒牛奶和两公斤西红柿。 考查名词的数。cartons of milk多盒牛奶;two kilos of tomatoes两公斤西红柿。根据空前数词 four 可知,此处需用可数名词“carton”的复数形式 cartons,milk为不可数名词。数词 two 后需接可数名词“kilo”的复数形式 kilos。tomatoes为可数名词 , 需用复数形式 tomatoes。故选A。 2.—How many ________ do you want? — Four. A.apple juice B.a glass of orange juice C.glasses of orange juices D.glasses of orange juice 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你想要多少杯橙汁?——四杯。 考查名词复数。apple juice苹果汁;a glass of orange juice一杯橙汁;glasses of orange juices这种表达是错误的,juice是不可数名词,没有复数形式;glasses of orange juice几杯橙汁。How many后接可数名词复数,glasses是glass的复数形式,表示“杯”,结合答语“Four”可知,问句询问数量,应用“glasses of orange juice”。故选D。 3.—What are these? —They are ________. A.goose B.sheep C.hen 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——这些是什么?——它们是羊。 考查名词用法。goose鹅;sheep羊;hen母鸡。根据“are”可知,此处应用复数名词,只有B选项是单复数同形,符合题意。故选B。 4.There _______ some orange juice and many _______ on the table. A.are; oranges B.is; oranges C.is; orange D.are; orange 【答案】B 【详解】句意:桌子上有一些橙汁和许多橙子。 考查主谓一致和名词的用法。分析句子结构可知,句子为there be句型,遵循就近原则,“some orange juice”为不可数名词,be动词应用is;根据空前“many”可知,此处应用名词复数形式oranges。故选B。 5.All the girl students and ________ at our school will receive flowers on Women’s Day. A.woman teacher B.women teacher C.woman teachers D.women teachers 【答案】D 【详解】句意:我们学校所有的女学生和女教师都会在妇女节收到鲜花。 考查复合名词的复数形式。woman teacher“女教师”,All后跟名词复数,故空处指“女教师们”,其变化规则为两个名词都应变成其复数形式,其复数形式为women teachers。故选D。 6.—Mum, what do you want to buy this afternoon? —I’d like to buy five ________. A.cartons of milks B.boxes of egg C.packets of salt D.piece of bread 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——妈妈,今天下午你想买什么?——我想买五包盐。 考查名词的数。milk“牛奶”,不可数名词,不能加s,排除A;egg“鸡蛋”,可数名词,此处应用名词复数,排除B;piece“片”,可数名词,此处应用复数形式,排除D。故选C。 7.—May I have some more ________? It tastes so nice. —Of course. A.carrot B.beef C.lemons D.chickens 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——我可以再吃些牛肉吗?它尝起来太美味了。——当然可以。 考查名词的可数与不可数。carrot胡萝卜,单数;beef牛肉,不可数名词;lemons柠檬,复数;chickens鸡,复数。“some more”后接可数名词时要用复数形式,接不可数名词则用原形 ,同时结合句子中代词“it”,表明前面应是单数概念或不可数名词。故选B。 8.Could you give me ________ on some colors in fashion? A.any advice B.some advice C.any advices D.some advices 【答案】B 【详解】句意:你能给我一些时尚的颜色的建议吗? 考查advice及some和any的用法。advice“建议”,不可数名词,排除CD;some一些,用于肯定句和希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中;any用于否定句中。根据“Could you give me...”可知此处表示“希望得到肯定回答”,用some。故选B。 9.I like ________ and ________ for breakfast. A.egg; milks B.eggs; milk C.egg; milk D.eggs; milks 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我喜欢早餐吃鸡蛋和牛奶。 考查名词辨析。egg鸡蛋,可数名词,其复数形式为eggs;milk牛奶,不可数名词。第一空应用复数名词eggs,泛指类别;第二空应用不可数名词milk。故选B。 10.—What animals can you find on the farm? —I can find some ________, many ________ and cows. A.geese; chickens B.gooses; chickens C.geese; chicken 【答案】A 【详解】句意:——你在农场里能找到什么动物?——我能找到一些鹅,许多鸡和牛。 考查可数名词的单复数。geese鹅,复数形式;chickens鸡,复数形式;gooses表述错误;chicken鸡,单数形式。第一空,根据“some”可知,此处应该使用“goose”的复数形式“geese”;第二空,形容词“many”修饰可数名词复数,“chicken”的复数形式为“chickens”。故选A。 11.Thanksgiving is ________ American festival. Americans still celebrate ________ festival today with a traditional dinner. A./; / B.an; / C.a; the D.an; the 【答案】D 【详解】句意:感恩节是美国的节日。美国人今天仍然用传统的晚餐来庆祝这个节日。 考查冠词的用法。an不定冠词;a不定冠词;the定冠词。根据“Thanksgiving is…American festival. Americans still celebrate…festival today with a traditional dinner.”可知,第一个空表示泛指,指感恩节是美国的节日之一,并且“American”为元音音素开头,因此应用不定冠词an;第二个空表示特指,指代前句所提到的感恩节,因此应用定冠词the修饰后面的名词。故选D。 12.—Do you know the woman in blue? —Yes. She is ________ art teacher in our school. A.a B.the C.an D.不填 【答案】C 【详解】句意:—— 你认识那个穿蓝色衣服的女士吗? ——认识。她是我们学校的一名美术老师。 考查冠词。a一个,不定冠词表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;the这个,那个,定冠词表特指;an一个,不定冠词表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前。根据“She is...art teacher in our school”可知,此处是泛指一个美术老师,“art”以元音音素开头,不定冠词用an。故选C。 13.I always play ________ basketball for ________ hour every day. A./; a B./; an C.the; an D.the; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我总是每天打一个小时篮球。 考查冠词的用法。a一个,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一个,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the表特指。play basketball表示“打篮球”,球类名词前不加冠词;hour为单数名词,且为元音音素开头的单词,其前用不定冠词an表示“一个”。故选B。 14.This is ________ bike. It’s ________ old bike. A.a; a B.a; an C.an; an 【答案】B 【详解】句意:这是一辆自行车。它是一辆旧自行车。 考查冠词用法。a一个,用于辅音音素开头的单词;an一个,用于元音音素开头的单词。根据“This is..bike.”可知,空处表泛指,指“一辆自行车”,bike是以辅音音素开头的单词,需冠词a修饰;old是以元音音素开头的单词,需冠词an修饰。故选B。 15.I want to play ________ guitar, but I don’t have ________ guitar with me. A.a; a B.the; a C.the; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我想弹吉他,但是我没有带吉他。 考查冠词辨析。a一个,不定冠词,修饰发音以辅音音素开头的单词;the这,那,定冠词。结合前句“play…guitar”可知,乐器前应用定冠词the修饰,“play the guitar”表示“弹吉他”;又结合后句“have…guitar with me”及语境可知,此处指“一把”吉他,且guitar发音是以辅音音素开头的单词,应用不定冠词a表泛指。故选B。 16.________ young man in white sports shoes is ________ American basketball player called Carmelon Anthony. A.The; an B.The; a C.A; an D.A; a 【答案】A 【详解】句意:穿白色运动鞋的那个年轻人是美国篮球运动员,名叫卡默隆·安东尼。 考查冠词。the表示特指;a泛指一个,且用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an泛指一个,且用于元音音素开头的单词前。根据“... young man in white sports shoes”可知,第一空特指穿着白色运动鞋的年轻人,用定冠词the;根据“American basketball player called Carmelon Anthony”可知,那个年轻人是一位美国篮球运动员,表示泛指,且American发音以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an。故选A。 17.—What else do you need to cook the soup?    —________ onion and some beef. A.A B.An C.The D./ 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你还需要什么来煮汤?——一个洋葱和一些牛肉。 考查冠词的用法。A不定冠词,表示一个,和辅音音素开头的单词连用;An不定冠词,表示一个,和元音音素开头的单词连用;The定冠词,表示特指;/零冠词。分析句子可知此处表示泛指,onion洋葱,可数名词单数,以元音音素开头,故选B。 18.Tom has ________ unhealthy lifestyle. He eats a lot but never exercises. A.a B.an C.the D./ 【答案】B 【详解】句意:汤姆的生活方式不健康。他吃得很多,但从不锻炼。 考查冠词。a一个,不定冠词,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头单词前;an一个,不定冠词,表泛指,用于元音音素开头单词前;the那个,定冠词,表特指;/零冠词。根据“unhealthy lifestyle”可知,此处泛指“一个不健康的生活方式”,所以填不定冠词;单词“unhealthy”发音以元音音素开头,所以填an。故选B。 19.— What do you think of English? — I think it is ________ useful language for travelling around the world. A.the B.a C.an 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你觉得英语怎么样?——我认为这是一种环游世界的有用语言。 考查冠词辨析。the定冠词,表示特指,用于已提到的人或物;a不定冠词,表示泛指,用于辅音音素前;an不定冠词,表示泛指,用于元音音素前。根据“I think it is...useful language”可知此处表示泛指,useful是辅音音素开头的单词,前面用冠词a。故选B。 20.— Do you know how to spell ________ word “expensive” in English? — Yes. It begins with ________ “e”. A.a, a B.a, an C.the, a D.the, an 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——你知道如何用英语拼写“expensive”这个词吗?——是的。它以“e”开头。 考查冠词。第一个空特指单词“expensive”,用定冠词the;第二个空泛指“一个字母e”,且e 以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an。故选D。 真题感知 1.(24-25七年级上·四川眉山·期中)We can see some ________ and ________ on the desk. A.photo; key B.photoes; key C.photos; keys D.photoes; keys 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我们可以看到一些照片和一些钥匙在桌子上。 考查复数名词。some修饰可数名词的复数,两空都用复数。photo的复数是photos,key的复数是keys。故选C。 2.(24-25七年级上·四川攀枝花·期中)Look! Two ________ are planting ________ with their students. A.man teachers; apple trees B.man teachers; apples trees C.men teachers; apples trees D.men teachers; apple trees 【答案】D 【详解】句意:看!两位男老师正在和他们的学生一起种苹果树。 考查复合名词。当man和woman作定语修饰名词表示复数时,man和woman也要变成复数形式men和women,所以“男老师”的复数形式是men teachers;其他名词作定语时,通常使用单数形式,所以“苹果树”的复数形式是apple trees。故选D。 3.(24-25七年级上·四川攀枝花·期中)—My grandparents have three ________. —Tom, Lucy and me. A.grandchild B.grandchildren C.grandchilds D.grandchildrens 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——我祖父母有三个孙子孙女。——汤姆、露西和我。 考查名词的数。根据“My grandparents have three”可知,此处指的是三个孙子孙女,应该填名词复数grandchildren“孙子/女”。故选B。 4.(24-25七年级上·四川凉山·期中)My mother has many ________, but she doesn’t eat ________. A.chicken; chicken B.chickens; chicken C.chicken; chickens 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我妈妈有很多鸡,但是她不吃鸡肉。 考查名词单复数。chicken作“鸡肉”讲时,是不可数名词;作“小鸡”讲时,是可数名词,有复数形式chickens。根据句意可知,第一空表示“很多鸡”,所以应该用chickens;第二空表示“不吃鸡肉”,所以应该用chicken。故选B。 5.(24-25七年级上·甘肃武威·期中)—What animals can you see on the farm? —I can see some ________. A.rabbit B.duck C.sheep D.cow 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——你能在农场看到什么动物?——我能看见一些羊。 考查名词辨析。rabbit兔子,可数名词;duck鸭子,可数名词;sheep羊,可数名词,单数和复数同形;cow奶牛,可数名词。根据空格前的“some”可知,空处应用可数名词复数或不可数名词,A、B、D均用的单数形式,C项可为复数。故选C。 6.(24-25七年级上·江苏盐城·期末)—What can I do for you, sir?     —I’d like two ________. We all like fruit. A.bowls of rice B.baskets of oranges C.cartons of milk D.bag of apples 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——我能为您做些什么,先生?——我想要两篮子桔子。我们都喜欢水果。 考查名词辨析。two bowls of rice两碗米;two baskets of oranges两篮子桔子;two cartons of milk两盒牛奶;two bag of apples语法错误。根据“We all like fruit.”可知,他要买两箱桔子。故选B。 7.(23-24七年级上·江苏南京·期末)There ________ a lot of beef and three ________ on the table in the kitchen. A.are; chocolate B.are; tomatoes C.is; chickens D.is; carrots 【答案】D 【详解】句意:厨房的桌子上有很多牛肉和三根胡萝卜。 考查主谓一致和名词辨析。chocolate巧克力;tomatoes西红柿;chickens鸡;carrots胡萝卜。根据“a lot of beef”可知,be动词使用is,排除A和B;根据“three… on the table in the kitchen.”可知,此处指的是桌子上有胡萝卜,选项C中chickens“鸡”不符合语境,应该填chicken“鸡肉”,因此只有carrots最符合题意,故选D。 8.(23-24七年级上·江苏泰州·期末)—Could you give me _________ milk, Mum? —Sorry, we only have ________ in the fridge. A.any; two bottles of oranges B.any; two bottles of orange juice C.some; two bottles of oranges juice D.some; two bottles of orange juice 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——妈妈,你能给我一些牛奶吗?——抱歉,我们冰箱里只有两瓶橙汁。 考查代词辨析及不可数名词。any用于否定句和疑问句中;some用于肯定句和表示希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中。根据“Could you give me…milk”可知此处表示请求,希望得到肯定答复,需用some;第二空orange juice“橙汁”是不可数名词,需用量词two bottles of修饰。故选D。 9.(23-24七年级上·江苏盐城·期末)—May I help you, sir? —________, please. A.Some beef and two glass of water B.Some beef and two glass of waters C.Some beef and two glasses of water D.Some beef and two glasses of waters 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——我能为您效劳吗,先生?——请给我一些牛肉和两杯水。 考查名词。beef牛肉,不可数名词;glass玻璃杯,为可数名词,当表示“几杯……”时,需用复数形式glasses;water水,为不可数名词,没有复数形式,当表示“几杯水”时,需用“数词+glass(es) of water”结构。根据选项可知,此处想要表达的是“我想要一些牛肉和两杯水”,需用复数名词glasses和不可数名词water的正确用法。故选C。 10.(23-24七年级上·江苏常州·期末)—I want to write a letter. Can you give me some ________, please? —Sure. Here you are. A.pen B.paper C.money D.note 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——我想写一封信。你能给我一些纸吗?——当然。给你。 考查名词辨析。pen钢笔,单数;paper纸张,不可数名词;money金钱,不可数名词;note便条,单数。根据“I want to write a letter”可知,写信需要“纸”或“笔”,some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。故选B。 11.(24-25七年级上·全国·期中)—Do you know how to spell ________ word “hope” in English? —Yes. It begins with ________ “h”. A.the; a B.the; an C.a; the D.the; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你知道“希望”这个词用英语怎么拼吗?——是。它以“h”开头。 考查冠词辨析。the定冠词表示特指;an不定冠词表示泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前;a不定冠词表示泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前。根据“word ‘hope’ ”可知,此处特指“hope”这个单词,因此应用the;第二个空表示泛指,h是以元音音素开头,其前应用an。故选B。 12.(24-25七年级上·天津和平·期末)—________ old basketball is on the desk. Do you like to play ________ basketball? —Yes, I do. A.A; the B.An; / C.A; an D.An; the 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——一个旧篮球在桌子上。你喜欢打篮球吗?——是的,我喜欢。 考查冠词辨析。old元音音素开头,第一个空处应用不定冠词an表示泛指;play basketball“打篮球”,固定短语,球类和棋类前不加the,没有冠词。故选B。 13.(24-25七年级上·四川达州·期中)My aunt has ________ son. He likes playing ________ violin. A.an; the B.a;a C.a; the 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我的姑姑有一个儿子。他喜欢拉小提琴。 考查冠词的用法。the定冠词,表示特指;a/an表示“一个”,不定冠词,an用于元音音素开头的单数名词前;a用于辅音音素开头的单数名词前。第一空表示“一个”,son以辅音音素开头,故填a;violin小提琴,西洋乐器,表示演奏某种西洋乐器时,乐器类前面加冠词the,故选C。 14.(24-25七年级上·四川遂宁·期中)Emma likes playing ________ ping-pong, but her sister Ella likes playing ______ guitar. A./; / B.the; / C.the; the D./; the 【答案】D 【详解】句意:Emma喜欢打乒乓球,但是她的妹妹Ella喜欢弹吉他。 考查冠词用法。与play连用时,球类运动名词前,不加冠词,play ping-pong“打乒乓球”;乐器名词前,加定冠词the,play the guitar“弹吉他”。故选D。 15.(24-25七年级上·四川泸州·期中)— Look! This is _________ ruler and that is _________ apple. — Oh, I like ______ apple very much. A.a; the; an B.an; an; the C.an; the; a D.a; an; the 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——看!这是一把尺子,那是一个苹果。——我非常喜欢这个苹果。 考查冠词。a/an都表示泛指,a用在辅音音素开头的单词前;an用在元音音素开头的单词前;the用来特指已提到过的事物。前两个空都泛指“一个”,ruler首字母发辅音音素,所以用a;apple首字母发元音音素,所以用an;第三空是特指前面提到过的苹果,使用the。故选D。 16.(24-25七年级上·四川自贡·期中)—Can you see ________ 8-year-old girl in the photo? —Yes, I can. ________ girl is really beautiful. A.a; The B.an; The C.an; an 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你能在照片里看到一个8岁的女孩吗?——是的,我可以。那个女孩真的很漂亮。 考查冠词的用法。a一个,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头单词前;an一个,表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the表特指。空一处泛指“一个”八岁的女孩,且8是元音音素开头的单词,用不定冠词an;空二处是特指上文提到的那个女孩,用定冠词the。故选B。 17.(24-25七年级上·江苏常州·期中)________ woman with a smile on her face has ________ one-year-old son. A.A; an B.The; a C./; an D.A; a 【答案】B 【详解】句意:那个面带微笑的女人有一个一岁的儿子。 考查冠词。a不定冠词,表泛指,后跟辅音音素开头的词;an不定冠词,表泛指,后跟元音音素开头的词;the定冠词,表特指;/是零冠词。根据“... woman with a smile on her face”可知,此处是特指“那个面带微笑的女人”,用定冠词the。“one-year-old”以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词a。故选B。 18.(24-25七年级上·江苏连云港·期中)We often have a field trip at the weekend. It is ________ great fun. A.a B.an C./ D.the 【答案】C 【详解】句意:周末我们通常去野外郊游。非常有趣。 考查零冠词。不定冠词a和an表示“一(个)”,后面接可数名词单数。the为定冠词,表示特指。空格处修饰fun,fun意为“乐趣”,是不可数名词,前面不可用不定冠词,fun在这里不是特指,不能用the。故选C。 19.(24-25七年级上·江苏连云港·期中)Many students are playing ________ Chinese chess under the tree. A./ B.a C.the D.an 【答案】A 【详解】句意:许多学生正在树下下国际象棋。 考查冠词。/不加;a一个,不定冠词;the这个,定冠词;an一个,不定冠词。根据空后“Chinese chess”即“中国象棋”棋类可知,该空不加冠词。故选A。 20.(24-25七年级上·全国·期中)—What’s the name of ________ elephant over there? —Oh, it’s Beibei. It’s ________ amazing elephant. It can draw well. A.a; an B.a; the C.the; the D.the; an 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——那边那头大象叫什么名字? ——哦,它是贝贝。它是一头令人惊奇的大象。它可以画画画得很好。 考查冠词的用法。a不定冠词,修饰单数名词表泛指,用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,修饰单数名词表泛指,用在以元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指,也用于序数词或最高级前。第一空用定冠词the特指那边那头大象;第二空泛指一头令人惊奇的大象,且amazing是以元音音素开头的单词,其前应使用不定冠词an。故选 D。 提升专练 一、单项选择 1.(24-25七年级上·广东江门·期末)She has ________ good idea and will play ________ piano at the party. A.an; a B.a; the C.a; / D.an; / 【答案】B 【详解】句意:她有个好主意,将在聚会上弹钢琴。 考查冠词。an一个,修饰元音音素开头的单词;a一个,修饰辅音音素开头的单词;the定冠词,表特指。第一空泛指有一个好主意,good为辅音音素,用a修饰;第二空play the piano“弹钢琴”,固定搭配。故选B。 2.(24-25七年级上·广东江门·期末)—There is ________ book on the desk over there. Is it yours? —No. It is not ________. A.a... my B.an... yours C.the… my D.a... mine 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——在那边的书桌上有一本书。它是你的吗?——不。它不是我的。 考查代词和冠词用法。第一空表示泛指,book以辅音音素开头,应用a,排除BC;my我的,形容词性物主代词;mine我的,名词性物主代词。第二空后无名词,作表语,应用名词性物主代词。故选D。 3.(24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期末)I often have ________ big cake on my birthday. ________ cake is delicious. A.a; The B.a; A C.the; A D.the; The 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我生日那天经常有一个大蛋糕。这个蛋糕很美味。 考查冠词用法。a一个,用于辅音音素开头的单词;an一个,用于元音音素开头的单词;the这个,指特指。根据“I often have...big cake”可知,第一空泛指“一个大蛋糕”,需不定冠词,big是辅音音素开头的单词,需冠词a;第二空特指前文提到的蛋糕,需定冠词the。故选A。 4.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)Nancy found ________ educational article about hanfu in a magazine. A.a B.an C.the D./ 【答案】B 【详解】句意:南希在一本杂志中发现了一篇有关汉服的有教育意义的文章。 考查冠词辨析。a一个,泛指,用于辅音音素前;an一个,泛指,用于元音音素前;the这个,表特指;/不填。由“Nancy found...educational article”可知,此句指南希发现了一篇文章,是泛指,由于“educational”以元音音素开头,用an。故选B。 5.(24-25七年级上·福建福州·期末)—Do you know the woman with ________ umbrella? —Yes, she is my teacher, Mrs. Gao. A.a B.an C.the 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你认识那个拿着伞的女人吗?——认识,她是我的老师,高老师。 考查冠词。a一个,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头单词前;an一个,表泛指,用于元音音素开头单词前;the表特指。此处是泛指一把伞,且umbrella是元音音素开头的单词,用an修饰。故选B。 6.(24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期末)We are planning ________ trip to the Slender West Lake for the coming holiday. A.a B.the C.an D./ 【答案】A 【详解】句意:我们计划在即将到来的假期去瘦西湖旅行。 考查冠词。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;/零冠词。根据“We are planning…trip to the Slender West Lake for the coming holiday.”的语境可知,此处表示泛指的含义,空后的“trip”是以辅音音素开头的单词,用a。故选A。 7.(24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期末)We can have _________ interview with Ms Li, because she knows how to choose _________ right colours to wear. A.a; the B.an; / C.an; the D.a; / 【答案】C 【详解】句意:我们可以采访李老师,因为她知道如何选择合适的颜色来穿。 考查冠词。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指;/零冠词。have an interview with“采访”,是固定词组;根据第二个空空后的“right colours to wear”表示特指的含义可知,此处用定冠词the。故选C。 8.(24-25七年级上·福建泉州·期末)—Do you like English? —Yes, it’s ________ important subject. A.a B.an C.the 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——你喜欢英语吗?——是的,它是一门非常重要的学科。 考查冠词辨析。a一个,表泛指;an一个,表泛指,用在以元音音素开头的单词前;the这个,表特指。这里表示泛指,由于important是以元音音素开头的单词,用an。故选B。 9.(24-25七年级上·北京延庆·期末)Liu Wei is ________ excellent piano player. A.a B.an C.the D.\ 【答案】B 【详解】句意:刘伟是一位出色的钢琴演奏者。 考查冠词。a一个,不定冠词表泛指,用来修饰辅音音素开头的单词;an一个,不定冠词表泛指,用来修饰元音音素开头的单词;the这个,那个,定冠词表特指;\ 表示不填冠词。根据“Liu Wei is...excellent piano player.”可知,是泛指一位出色的演奏者,“excellent”以元音音素开头,不定冠词用an。故选B。 10.(24-25七年级上·重庆南川·期末)They are having ______ history class now. A.a B.an C.the D./ 【答案】A 【详解】句意:他们现在正在上历史课。 考查冠词用法。a一(表泛指,用于辅音音素前);an一(表泛指,用于元音音素前);the这/那(表特指)。have a/an ... class“上……课”,由于history是辅音音素开头,所以用a。故选A。 11.(24-25七年级上·福建漳州·期末)I have ________ orange T-shirt and I like it very much. A.a B.an C.the 【答案】B 【详解】句意:我有一件橙色的T恤,我非常喜欢它。 考查冠词。a不定冠词,表泛指,后跟辅音音素开头的词;an不定冠词,表泛指,后跟元音音素开头的词;the定冠词,表特指。根据“I have ... orange T-shirt”可知,此处表泛指,且orange以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an。故选B。 12.(24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期末)It’s _______ rule that the headmaster has ________ lunch with students at school. A.the; the B.a; a C.the; / D.a; / 【答案】D 【详解】句意:校长在学校与学生共进午餐是一项规定。 考查冠词用法。the表特指,定冠词;a表泛指,不定冠词,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;/表示不填,零冠词。第一空,根据“It’s … rule …”可知,此处是指一项规定,应用不定冠词表泛指,且“rule”是以辅音音素开头的单词,应用“a”修饰,排除A和C;第二空,根据“has … lunch”可知,此处考查have lunch“吃午餐”,固定搭配,应用零冠词,排除B。故选D。 13.(24-25七年级上·全国·期末)—Linda! Do you know ________ woman in white? —Yes. She is ________ nurse in the hospital. A.a; a B.the; the C.a; the D.the; a 【答案】D 【详解】句意:——Linda!你认识那个穿白衣服的女人吗?——认识,她是医院的一名护士。 考查冠词的用法。a一个,用于辅音音素单词前;the这个,指特指或第二次提到。根据“...woman in white?”可知,第一空表示特指那个穿白衣的女人,因此用定冠词the;第二空表示泛指职业,且nurse以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词a。故选D。 14.(24-25七年级上·陕西西安·期末)Today is ________ unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ day for me and I see ________ UFO in the science museum. A.a; a B.a; an C.an; an D.an; a 【答案】D 【详解】句意:今天对我来说是一个不寻常的日子,我在科学博物馆看到一个不明飞行物。 考查冠词辨析。a一,泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一,泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前。根据“unusual”的音标可知,是元音音素开头的单词,填an;“UFO”是辅音音素开头的单词,填a。故选D。 15.(24-25七年级上·江苏南京·期末)—Excuse me, how can I find ________ clothes shop? I want to buy ________ shorts. —Go along the street and turn left at the third turning. A./; the B.a; a C.a; / D./; / 【答案】C 【详解】句意:——打扰一下,我怎么找到一家服装店?我想买一条短裤。——沿着街道走,在第三个路口左转。 考查冠词。a一个,用于以辅音音素开头的单数名词前;an一个,用于以元音音素开头的单数名词前;the这个,表示特指;/零冠词。根据“how can I find … clothes shop”可知,是在找一家服装店,clothes是辅音音素开头,第一空填a;根据“shorts”可知,短裤是复数,表示一类物品,前面不用冠词。故选C。 16.(24-25七年级上·上海普陀·期末)Mike is________ police officer. He has strong body and mind. A.a B.an C.the D./ 【答案】A 【详解】句意:迈克是一名警察。他有强壮的身体和精神。 考查冠词。分析题干可知,此处泛指一名警察,police是以辅音音素开头,应用a。故选A。 17.(24-25七年级上·甘肃武威·期末)A quarter of the students find the lesson difficult, so Mr Li will give them ________ example. A.a B.an C.the D./ 【答案】B 【详解】句意:四分之一的学生觉得这节课很难,所以李先生会给他们举个例子。 考查冠词。此处泛指“一个例子”,example以元音音素开头,用不定冠词an。故选B。 18.(24-25七年级上·甘肃白银·期末)________ capital of the UK is London and it is a very big city. A.A B.An C.The D./ 【答案】C 【详解】句意:英国的首都是伦敦,这是一个非常大的城市。 考查冠词辨析。a一,泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an一,泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the特指;/零冠词。根据“capital of the UK”可知,此处表示特指,应该使用定冠词“the”。故选C。 19.(24-25七年级上·天津红桥·期末)There’s ________ chemistry lab in my new school. It’s on ________ third floor. A.a; the B.an; a C.an; the D.a; an 【答案】A 【详解】句意:在我新学校有一个化学实验室。它在三层。 考查冠词辨析。a是不定冠词,用于以辅音音素开头的字母或单词前,表示某类人或事物中的“一个”,表泛指;an是不定冠词,用于以元音音素开头的字母或单词前,表示某类人或事物中的“一个”,也表泛指;the是定冠词,表特指,意为“这、那、这些、那些”,放在可数名词和不可数名词前。根据题意可知,第一空第一次提到化学实验室,泛指“一个”,且chemistry辅音音素开头,所以应用a,第二空“third floor”,序数词前应用the。故选A。 20.(24-25七年级上·吉林·期末)—Is there ________ ice hockey club in the school? —No, there isn’t. We don’t like ice hockey. A.a B.an C.the 【答案】B 【详解】句意:——学校有冰球俱乐部吗?——不,没有。我们不喜欢冰球。 考查冠词用法。a不定冠词,表泛指,用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表泛指,用于元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表特指。此处泛指一个俱乐部,ice以元音音素开头,用an修饰。故选B。 二、单词拼写 21.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)There are thirteen (strawberry) on the table. 【答案】strawberries 【详解】句意:桌子上有十三个草莓。根据空前“thirteen”可知,此处应用复数形式strawberries。故填strawberries。 22.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)He likes to add the (salt) and (pepper) in the soup. 【答案】 salt pepper 【详解】句意:他喜欢在汤里加盐和胡椒粉。salt“盐”,pepper“胡椒粉”,都为不可数名词,在句中作宾语。故填salt;pepper。 23.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)It’s about five (kilometer) from my home to school. 【答案】kilometers 【详解】句意:从我家到学校大约5公里。kilometer“公里”,可数名词,five修饰可数名词复数形式。故填kilometers。 24.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)Tony likes to make sandwiches with (onion). 【答案】onions 【详解】句意:Tony喜欢用洋葱做三明治。onion“洋葱”,可数名词,此处指代一类食材而非特指,且前面没有冠词修饰,需用复数形式onions。故填onions。 25.(24-25七年级下·四川·期中)There are two (fox), an elephant and some other animals in the zoo. 【答案】foxes 【详解】句意:动物园里有两只狐狸,一头大象和其他一些动物。fox“狐狸”,是可数名词;根据“two”可知,此处用其复数形式。故填foxes。 26.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)There are some (child) playing in the park. 【答案】children 【详解】句意:有一些孩子在公园里玩。根据“There are some”可知,空处用名词复数,child“孩子”的复数为children“孩子们”。故填children。 27.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试) (wolf) usually hunt in groups. 【答案】Wolves 【详解】句意:狼通常成群结队地狩猎。空处是句子的主语,谓语为动词原形“hunt”,主语应用复数形式wolves。故填Wolves。 28.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)Look! A lot of (policeman) are standing in front of the supermarket. 【答案】policemen 【详解】句意:看!许多警察正站在超市前面。通过句子中的a lot of(许多)和are standing(复数谓语动词)可以判断此处需要可数名词复数形式。policeman的复数形式为policemen,表示“警察们”。故填policemen。 29.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)The girl felt scared and cried when she saw some (mouse) running around. 【答案】mice 【详解】句意:当女孩看到一些老鼠四处乱窜时,她感到害怕并哭了起来。mouse“老鼠”,some后需要用名词复数,mice符合句意,故填mice。 30.(24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业)How many (event) are there in the sports meet? 【答案】events 【详解】句意:运动会上有多少个比赛项目?how many后面要接可数名词的复数形式,event“比赛项目”,可数名词,复数形式是events。故填events。 31.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)Two pieces of bread (be) on the table. 【答案】are 【详解】句意:两片面包在桌子上。根据语境可知,此处时态是一般现在时;句子主语“Two pieces of bread”中用“pieces”表示数量为两片,是复数概念,对应的be动词要用are,故填are。 32.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)I have a lot of (housework) to do today. 【答案】housework 【详解】句意:我今天有很多家务要做。a lot of表示“许多”,后面可以接可数名词复数或不可数名词。housework意为“家务”,是不可数名词。故填housework。 33.(24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业)Would you like some (coffee) ? 【答案】coffee 【详解】句意:你想要一些咖啡吗?coffee“咖啡”,不可数名词;根据“some”可知此处用coffee的原形。故填coffee。 34.(24-25七年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·课后作业)You can see much (sugar) in the cup. 【答案】sugar 【详解】句意:你可以看到杯子里有很多糖。sugar“糖”,不可数名词。故填sugar。 35.(24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业)He has two (potato) and some (beef) for breakfast. 【答案】 potatoes beef 【详解】句意:他早饭吃两个土豆和一些牛肉。根据题意和提示词可知,two后接名词复数,potato的复数形式是potatoes,beef 是不可数名词,故第二空填beef。故填potatoes;beef。 36.(2025七年级下·安徽·专题练习)We need two . We want to make juice. (orange) 【答案】 oranges orange 【详解】句意:我们需要两个橙子。我们想要制作橙汁。根据“We need two…We want to make…juice.”以及英文提示可知,第一空表示“橙子”,orange作可数名词,意为“橙子”,前面有数词two修饰,所以用其复数形式oranges;第二空表示“橙汁”,orange作不可数名词,意为“橙汁”,所以用原形。故填oranges;orange。 37.(2025七年级下·全国·专题练习)Some beef (be) on the table. You only need to buy one kilo of (mutton). 【答案】 is mutton 【详解】句意:桌子上有一些牛肉。你只需要买一千克羊肉。第一空,空前beef“牛肉”是不可数名词,不可数名词作主语时,谓语be动词应用is;第二空,mutton“羊肉”,也是不可数名词,没有复数形式。故填is;mutton。 38.(24-25七年级上·全国·单元测试)My grandparents have two (grandchild). 【答案】grandchildren 【详解】句意:我的祖父母有两个孙子/孙女。grandchild是一个可数名词,表示“孙子”或“孙女”。基数词two后接名词复数形式grandchildren。故填grandchildren。 39.(24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业)We can get a lot of (information) on the Internet. 【答案】information 【详解】句意:我们可以在互联网上获得很多信息。information“信息”,不可数名词。故填information。 40.(23-24七年级上·甘肃定西·期末)Many people want to have a lot of (money). 【答案】money 【详解】句意:许多人想要很多钱。money“钱”,不可数名词,故填money。 19 / 21 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 名词和冠词 内容导航 考点聚焦:核心考点+中考考点,有的放矢 重点速记:知识点和关键点梳理,查漏补缺 难点强化:难点内容标注与讲解,能力提升 复习提升:真题感知+提升专练,全面突破 核心考点聚焦 可数名词变复数 冠词 ( 考点一 名词的数 ) 名词的数 可数名词变复数 1.规则变化 分类 构成方法 读音 例词 一般情况 加 -s 读 / s / 或读/ z / book bag pet boy 以s sh x ch 结尾 加 -es 读 / iz / bus brush box watch 以辅音字母加 y 结尾 变y 为i 加 -es 读 / z / family strawberry 以 o 结尾 有生命加 -es 无生命加 -s 读 / z / Potato hero photo zoo 以 f 或 fe 结尾 变 f 或 fe 为 v 再加 -es 读 / z / thief leaf wife knife 2.例外情况 1)以 ch 结尾加 s 的英语单词: stomach—stomachs 2)以 f 结尾直接加 s 的英语单词: roof—roofs gulf—gulfs belief—beliefs staff—staffs chief—chiefs proof—proofs 3)以 f 结尾两种变法都可的单词: scarf—scarfs / scarves dwarf—dwarfs / dwarves handkerchief—handkerchiefs / handkerchieves 3.不规则变化 1)单复数相同 sheep deer fish 2)a 变成 e man woman Englishman Frenchman 3)oo 变成 ee foot tooth goose 4)中日不变英法变,其余 s 加后边;German德国人,其复数形式为Germans 5)特殊变化 child—children ox — oxen mouse—mice 4.三个注意 1.英语中一些由两个部分组成的物体名词通常是以-s 结尾,如: pants,trousers,shorts,shoes,scissors,glasses 等。这一类名词, 如果不带单位词,通常用做复数; His new pants are black and white. 如果带有单位词,则需要根据单位词判定单复。 This pair of pants is cheap. Two pairs of pants are enough. 2.“形复意单”—虽有 s 但不是复数: physics,maths,politics,athletics, economics,news 3. 由两个名词组成的复合名词,复数时作为定语的那个名词通常都用单数形式,第二个名词用复数形式,以man或woman为前缀的名词变复数时,前后两个名词都变成复数。 如:a boy student→three boy students a woman teacher→two women teachers 二、不可数名词 含义:不可数名词表示无法分清个体的名词,主要为物质名词和抽象名词。 物质名词: 液体类:juice,water,beer,coffee… 粉末类:powder,flour,sugar,salt… 食物类:rice,bread,junk food,butter,chocolate… 肉类:beef,pork,chicken,mutton… 抽象名词: information,money,work, advice,friendship,help, fun,health,furniture,jewelry,wealth,time… 不可数名词的特点: 1.前面不可以直接加不定冠词 a/an 2.不可数名词永远按单数处理Water is very important for people. Time is money. 3.当时间、金钱、距离或距离做主语时,后面动词用单数形式Four kilometers is a long way. 4.不可数名词也有量的表达: 数词/冠词+量词+of+不可数名词 ①个数:piece(张、片、块、条)a piece of apple pie ②容量:cup,bottle,bag,box, bucket two cups of tea three boxes of milk four buckets of water 四桶水 ③类别:kind all kinds of bread ④度量:kilo(千克,公斤)two kilos of oil 2、少数名词有不规则的变化形式 policeman---policemen; man---men; woman---women; tooth---teeth; foot---feet; sheep---sheep; deer---deer; Japanese--- Japanese; Chinese --- Chinese; fish --- fish 1.We would like _______ porridge and two eggs. A.two bowl of B.two bowl C.two bowls of D.two bowls 2.I have ________ for breakfast. A.bread and milk B.breads and milk C.bread and milks D.breads and milks ( 考点二 冠词 ) 冠词的用法 定冠词用法详解:  1. 定冠词the用来特指双方都清楚的人、事、物。如:  A: Where’s Sam?萨姆在哪里?    B:In the kitchen.在厨房。(双方都清楚是指哪个厨房)  2. 指上文已经提到过得人、事、物。如:  They have two children: a boy and a girl. The boy is five and the girl is two. 他们有两个孩子:一个儿子,一个女儿。儿子五岁,女儿两岁。  3. 表示独一无二的事物前。如: the sun 太阳 the moon 月亮 the earth地球  4. 用于方位名词、某些专有名词前。如: the east东方 the Great Wall 长城 the Yangtze River 长江  the United States美国 5. 表示演奏乐器的名词前。如: play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin拉小提琴   6. 姓氏复数前加the表示一家人;某些形容词前加the,表示一类人。如: the Georges 乔治一家人  the rich 富人  the young 年轻人  the blind 盲人  7. 用在形容词的最高级前。如: the largest country in the world 世界上最大的国家  8. 用于序数词前表示顺序。如: the first term 第一学期 the second lesson 第二课 the twenty-first century 二十一世纪  9. the+比较级,the+比较级,表示“越来越……”如:  The more exercise you take, the healthier you will be. 你锻炼得越多,身体就越健康。 10. 用于一些固定搭配,如: in the morning在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 the day before yesterday 前天 the day after tomorrow后天 go to the cinema去看电影 in the middle of ....中间 look the same看上去一样 at the bottom of在----的底部 at the same time同时 at the age of在-...岁时 at the beginning of .---的开始 at the end of ----的末尾 all the time总是,一直 get into the habit of养成---的习惯 不定冠词用法详解:  1. 表示数量一,但没有one 强烈,如:He has got an apple, a pear and a banana. 2. 表示一类人或物。如:A plane goes faster than a train. 3. 指某人或某物,但不具体说明是何人或何物。 如:A boy is waiting for a bus at the bus stop. 4. 用于第一次提到的人或物。 如:I saw a bird in the tree. 5. 用于时间等词前,表示"每一"的意思。 如:Once a year, twice a week, fifty kilometers an hour. 6. 用于序数词前,表示"又一,再一"的意思。 如:You can asner it a second time.你可以再回答一次。 You’ll have to do it a third time.你得再做一次 7. 用于一些固定搭配。如: alite/a bit一点 a piece of 一张/片 a good/great many许多 a number of 一些,许多 have a cold 感冒 have a meeting 开会 have a rest休息 have a look at看一看 make a mistake 犯错误 make a face做鬼脸 half an hour 半小时 as a result (作为)结果 in a word 总之 in a hurry 匆忙,很快地 give me a hand帮助我 once upon a time 从前 【易错警示】 1. 有些单词虽然是以元音字母开头,但是却不发元音,因此其前用不定冠词a,如:university,European,one-way等。 2. 有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头,但是却发元音,因此其前用不定冠词an,如:hour,honest,honor等。 3.I’ve played ________ violin for an hour. Can I go out to play ________ football with Jim now? A./; the B.the; / C.the; the D./; / 4.Miranda, did you have ________ good time on the trip to Hangzhou last week? A./ B.the C.a D.an 5.You could go to a summer concert with friends or visit ________ interesting exhibition. A.the B.a C.an D./ 1.—What do you want to buy in the mall? —Four ________ and ________. A.cartons of milk; two kilos of tomatoes B.cartons of milk; two kilos of tomato C.carton of milk; two kilos of tomatoes D.carton of milk; two kilos of tomato 2.—How many ________ do you want? — Four. A.apple juice B.a glass of orange juice C.glasses of orange juices D.glasses of orange juice 3.—What are these? —They are ________. A.goose B.sheep C.hen 4.There _______ some orange juice and many _______ on the table. A.are; oranges B.is; oranges C.is; orange D.are; orange 5.All the girl students and ________ at our school will receive flowers on Women’s Day. A.woman teacher B.women teacher C.woman teachers D.women teachers 6.—Mum, what do you want to buy this afternoon? —I’d like to buy five ________. A.cartons of milks B.boxes of egg C.packets of salt D.piece of bread 7.—May I have some more ________? It tastes so nice. —Of course. A.carrot B.beef C.lemons D.chickens 8.Could you give me ________ on some colors in fashion? A.any advice B.some advice C.any advices D.some advices 9.I like ________ and ________ for breakfast. A.egg; milks B.eggs; milk C.egg; milk D.eggs; milks 10.—What animals can you find on the farm? —I can find some ________, many ________ and cows. A.geese; chickens B.gooses; chickens C.geese; chicken 11.Thanksgiving is ________ American festival. Americans still celebrate ________ festival today with a traditional dinner. A./; / B.an; / C.a; the D.an; the 12.—Do you know the woman in blue? —Yes. She is ________ art teacher in our school. A.a B.the C.an D.不填 13.I always play ________ basketball for ________ hour every day. A./; a B./; an C.the; an D.the; a 14.This is ________ bike. It’s ________ old bike. A.a; a B.a; an C.an; an 15.I want to play ________ guitar, but I don’t have ________ guitar with me. A.a; a B.the; a C.the; the 16.________ young man in white sports shoes is ________ American basketball player called Carmelon Anthony. A.The; an B.The; a C.A; an D.A; a 17.—What else do you need to cook the soup?    —________ onion and some beef. A.A B.An C.The D./ 18.Tom has ________ unhealthy lifestyle. He eats a lot but never exercises. A.a B.an C.the D./ 19.— What do you think of English? — I think it is ________ useful language for travelling around the world. A.the B.a C.an 20.— Do you know how to spell ________ word “expensive” in English? — Yes. It begins with ________ “e”. A.a, a B.a, an C.the, a D.the, an 真题感知 1.(24-25七年级上·四川眉山·期中)We can see some ________ and ________ on the desk. A.photo; key B.photoes; key C.photos; keys D.photoes; keys 2.(24-25七年级上·四川攀枝花·期中)Look! Two ________ are planting ________ with their students. A.man teachers; apple trees B.man teachers; apples trees C.men teachers; apples trees D.men teachers; apple trees 3.(24-25七年级上·四川攀枝花·期中)—My grandparents have three ________. —Tom, Lucy and me. A.grandchild B.grandchildren C.grandchilds D.grandchildrens 4.(24-25七年级上·四川凉山·期中)My mother has many ________, but she doesn’t eat ________. A.chicken; chicken B.chickens; chicken C.chicken; chickens 5.(24-25七年级上·甘肃武威·期中)—What animals can you see on the farm? —I can see some ________. A.rabbit B.duck C.sheep D.cow 6.(24-25七年级上·江苏盐城·期末)—What can I do for you, sir?     —I’d like two ________. We all like fruit. A.bowls of rice B.baskets of oranges C.cartons of milk D.bag of apples 7.(23-24七年级上·江苏南京·期末)There ________ a lot of beef and three ________ on the table in the kitchen. A.are; chocolate B.are; tomatoes C.is; chickens D.is; carrots 8.(23-24七年级上·江苏泰州·期末)—Could you give me _________ milk, Mum? —Sorry, we only have ________ in the fridge. A.any; two bottles of oranges B.any; two bottles of orange juice C.some; two bottles of oranges juice D.some; two bottles of orange juice 9.(23-24七年级上·江苏盐城·期末)—May I help you, sir? —________, please. A.Some beef and two glass of water B.Some beef and two glass of waters C.Some beef and two glasses of water D.Some beef and two glasses of waters 10.(23-24七年级上·江苏常州·期末)—I want to write a letter. Can you give me some ________, please? —Sure. Here you are. A.pen B.paper C.money D.note 11.(24-25七年级上·全国·期中)—Do you know how to spell ________ word “hope” in English? —Yes. It begins with ________ “h”. A.the; a B.the; an C.a; the D.the; the 12.(24-25七年级上·天津和平·期末)—________ old basketball is on the desk. Do you like to play ________ basketball? —Yes, I do. A.A; the B.An; / C.A; an D.An; the 13.(24-25七年级上·四川达州·期中)My aunt has ________ son. He likes playing ________ violin. A.an; the B.a;a C.a; the 14.(24-25七年级上·四川遂宁·期中)Emma likes playing ________ ping-pong, but her sister Ella likes playing ______ guitar. A./; / B.the; / C.the; the D./; the 15.(24-25七年级上·四川泸州·期中)— Look! This is _________ ruler and that is _________ apple. — Oh, I like ______ apple very much. A.a; the; an B.an; an; the C.an; the; a D.a; an; the 16.(24-25七年级上·四川自贡·期中)—Can you see ________ 8-year-old girl in the photo? —Yes, I can. ________ girl is really beautiful. A.a; The B.an; The C.an; an 17.(24-25七年级上·江苏常州·期中)________ woman with a smile on her face has ________ one-year-old son. A.A; an B.The; a C./; an D.A; a 18.(24-25七年级上·江苏连云港·期中)We often have a field trip at the weekend. It is ________ great fun. A.a B.an C./ D.the 19.(24-25七年级上·江苏连云港·期中)Many students are playing ________ Chinese chess under the tree. A./ B.a C.the D.an 20.(24-25七年级上·全国·期中)—What’s the name of ________ elephant over there? —Oh, it’s Beibei. It’s ________ amazing elephant. It can draw well. A.a; an B.a; the C.the; the D.the; an 提升专练 一、单项选择 1.(24-25七年级上·广东江门·期末)She has ________ good idea and will play ________ piano at the party. A.an; a B.a; the C.a; / D.an; / 2.(24-25七年级上·广东江门·期末)—There is ________ book on the desk over there. Is it yours? —No. It is not ________. A.a... my B.an... yours C.the… my D.a... mine 3.(24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期末)I often have ________ big cake on my birthday. ________ cake is delicious. A.a; The B.a; A C.the; A D.the; The 4.(24-25七年级上·吉林长春·期末)Nancy found ________ educational article about hanfu in a magazine. A.a B.an C.the D./ 5.(24-25七年级上·福建福州·期末)—Do you know the woman with ________ umbrella? —Yes, she is my teacher, Mrs. Gao. A.a B.an C.the 6.(24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期末)We are planning ________ trip to the Slender West Lake for the coming holiday. A.a B.the C.an D./ 7.(24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期末)We can have _________ interview with Ms Li, because she knows how to choose _________ right colours to wear. A.a; the B.an; / C.an; the D.a; / 8.(24-25七年级上·福建泉州·期末)—Do you like English? —Yes, it’s ________ important subject. A.a B.an C.the 9.(24-25七年级上·北京延庆·期末)Liu Wei is ________ excellent piano player. A.a B.an C.the D.\ 10.(24-25七年级上·重庆南川·期末)They are having ______ history class now. A.a B.an C.the D./ 11.(24-25七年级上·福建漳州·期末)I have ________ orange T-shirt and I like it very much. A.a B.an C.the 12.(24-25七年级上·江苏扬州·期末)It’s _______ rule that the headmaster has ________ lunch with students at school. A.the; the B.a; a C.the; / D.a; / 13.(24-25七年级上·全国·期末)—Linda! Do you know ________ woman in white? —Yes. She is ________ nurse in the hospital. A.a; a B.the; the C.a; the D.the; a 14.(24-25七年级上·陕西西安·期末)Today is ________ unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ day for me and I see ________ UFO in the science museum. A.a; a B.a; an C.an; an D.an; a 15.(24-25七年级上·江苏南京·期末)—Excuse me, how can I find ________ clothes shop? I want to buy ________ shorts. —Go along the street and turn left at the third turning. A./; the B.a; a C.a; / D./; / 16.(24-25七年级上·上海普陀·期末)Mike is________ police officer. He has strong body and mind. A.a B.an C.the D./ 17.(24-25七年级上·甘肃武威·期末)A quarter of the students find the lesson difficult, so Mr Li will give them ________ example. A.a B.an C.the D./ 18.(24-25七年级上·甘肃白银·期末)________ capital of the UK is London and it is a very big city. A.A B.An C.The D./ 19.(24-25七年级上·天津红桥·期末)There’s ________ chemistry lab in my new school. It’s on ________ third floor. A.a; the B.an; a C.an; the D.a; an 20.(24-25七年级上·吉林·期末)—Is there ________ ice hockey club in the school? —No, there isn’t. We don’t like ice hockey. A.a B.an C.the 二、单词拼写 21.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)There are thirteen (strawberry) on the table. 22.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)He likes to add the (salt) and (pepper) in the soup. 23.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)It’s about five (kilometer) from my home to school. 24.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)Tony likes to make sandwiches with (onion). 25.(24-25七年级下·四川·期中)There are two (fox), an elephant and some other animals in the zoo. 26.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)There are some (child) playing in the park. 27.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试) (wolf) usually hunt in groups. 28.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)Look! A lot of (policeman) are standing in front of the supermarket. 29.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)The girl felt scared and cried when she saw some (mouse) running around. 30.(24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业)How many (event) are there in the sports meet? 31.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)Two pieces of bread (be) on the table. 32.(24-25七年级下·全国·单元测试)I have a lot of (housework) to do today. 33.(24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业)Would you like some (coffee) ? 34.(24-25七年级下·黑龙江哈尔滨·课后作业)You can see much (sugar) in the cup. 35.(24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业)He has two (potato) and some (beef) for breakfast. 36.(2025七年级下·安徽·专题练习)We need two . We want to make juice. (orange) 37.(2025七年级下·全国·专题练习)Some beef (be) on the table. You only need to buy one kilo of (mutton). 38.(24-25七年级上·全国·单元测试)My grandparents have two (grandchild). 39.(24-25七年级下·全国·课后作业)We can get a lot of (information) on the Internet. 40.(23-24七年级上·甘肃定西·期末)Many people want to have a lot of (money). 19 / 21 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$

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专题01 名词和冠词-【暑假自学课】2025年新七年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(外研版2024)
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专题01 名词和冠词-【暑假自学课】2025年新七年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(外研版2024)
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专题01 名词和冠词-【暑假自学课】2025年新七年级英语暑假提升精品讲义(外研版2024)
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