题型5 阅读理解（说明文）【题型易-期末复习】2024-2025学年八年级下册 英语 仿真模拟特训 满分冲刺(人教版Go for it！)（广东专用）

考前特训 题型5 说明文阅读 仿真模拟 考前特训（人教版Go for it!） 2024-2025学年八年级下学期 期末满分冲刺 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 内容提要 期末仿真题 期末模拟题 Passage 1 Many people catch a cold in spring and autumn. There are hundreds of kinds of viruses (病毒) .You never know which one you will get, so there isn’t a cure (疗法) for each one. When a virus attacks (攻击) your body, you may work hard to get rid of it. Blood rushes to your nose and brings congestion (充血) with it. You feel terrible because you can’t breathe well, but your body is actually “eating” the virus. Your temperature rises and you get a fever, but the heat of your body is killing the virus. You also have a runny nose to stop the virus from getting to your cells. You may feel miserable (痛苦的), but actually your body is trying to fight against the cold. Different people have different remedies for colds. In the United States and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to feel better. Some people take hot baths and drink warm liquids (液体). Other people take the medicine to stop the fever, congestion, and runny nose. There is one interesting thing to note—some scientists say taking the medicine when you have a cold is actually bad for you. The virus stays in you longer because your body doesn’t have a way to fight it or kill it. Bodies can do an amazing job on their own. 1. When you have nose congestion, you ________. A．can’t breathe well B．will have a fever C．can’t speak well D．will kill the virus 2. What can kill the virus？ A．Chicken soup. B．Your runny nose. C．The heat of your body. D．Warm liquids. 3. What does the underlined word “remedies” mean? A．Feelings. B．Cure. C．Medicine. D．Reasons. 4. When people have a cold, what won’t they do? A．Eat chicken soup. B．Take hot baths. C．Drink warm liquids. D．Run for a long time. 5. In some scientists’ opinion, taking the medicine when you have a cold is ________ for you. A．good B．bad C．helpful D．necessary Passage 2 There are a lot of things we can do to help our friends and family. Sometimes even small help may make them feel great. What can we do? ★Ask what you can do to help. Talk to family members or friends and ask what they most need help with and just help do it. Don’t keep waiting until they tell you about their problems. You should show you’re always caring about them. ★Listen. Very often people just need someone to listen to them with kindness. When someone is telling you about himself or herself, don’t interrupt him or her with your own feelings, thoughts, and stories. Just try to be a good listener. It is a kind of great help. ★Offer to do jobs or chores. When someone is busy with tiring jobs or chores, he or she needs more help. Find out what your family or friends are busy with and spend some time giving them a hand. Because of your help, they’ll relax and thank you so much. ★Show you’re caring about them. Sometimes people feel cut off from their family or friends. In this situation, just let the friend or the family member know you’re thinking of him or her and that he or she is important to you. It doesn’t have to be a big, expensive thing; something small such as a greeting (问候) card or an e-mail will be fine. 1. How many pieces of advice does the passage give us? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 2. What might the underlined word “interrupt” mean? A．Save. B．Stop. C．Like. D．Hear. 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Family members and friends need our help every day. B．When helping others, we should let them follow our ideas. C．Always caring about our family and friends really helps them. D．Our family and friends need help because they’re always busier than us. 4. Who is the passage mainly for? A．People who are in trouble. B．People who are volunteers. C．People who are our family or friends. D．People who would like to give others a hand. 5. What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Help Family and Friends B．When to Help Family and Friends C．Where to Go with Family and Friends D．How to Make Family and Friends Famous Passage 3 How was your sleep last night? World Sleep Day fell on March 17th this year. The topic was “sleep is important for health”. How can we have healthy sleep? Take a look at some tips. First, wake up naturally. Waking up to a ringing alarm is never fun. Studies showed that when you wake up because of a loud alarm, your breathing will go up from 16 to 24 breaths a minute. Your heart will have 10 more beats every minute. Your blood pressure (血压) will rise. “This is a very unhappy way to start the day,” a sleep scientist said. You’ll feel worse if you lie down again to get a few more minutes of sleep. This will make your body even sleepier. So what should we do to wake up naturally? Try to use an alarm with softer and lower sounds, or leave a crack (缝隙) in the curtains--the rising sun will wake you up. Second, sleep early, get up early. Some young people may go to bed late and get up late, such as sleeping from 2 a. m. to 10 a. m. They think as long as they have 8 hours of sleep, everything will be fine. But in fact, our bodies can tell time. They use light and temperature to do so. If we wake up too late, our bodies might feel confused between sleep and being awake. Our bodies don’t know the real time. That’s why sometimes we feel even more tired after oversleeping. So, it’s necessary for us to sleep early and get up early. 1. What’s the topic of World Sleep Day? A．Sleep is important for health. B．We should have healthy sleep. C．Try to wake up naturally. D．Sleep early, get up early. 2. According to Paragraph 2, if the alarm loudly wakes you up, what will happen? A．You’ll have a good day. B．Your breathing will go up. C．Your heart will beat more slowly. D．Your blood pressure will keep the same. 3. What does the underlined word “confused” mean? A．Unlucky. B．Unclear. C．Unhappy D．Unhealthy. 4. Which is the correct structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5. What is the passage mainly about? A．How. to wake up naturally. B．How to sleep early. C．How to sleep healthily D．How to keep healthy. Passage 4 According to The National Report on Vision (视力), the population of Chinese with shortsightedness (近视) has reached 600 million, and about 70% of the teenagers (aged from 13 to 19) are shortsighted. China Daily reported more serious vision problems in China in 2019. In the report, 80% senior high school students are short-sighted, followed by 71% in junior high school, 36% in primary school and 14% of 6-year-olds. The shocking numbers are still rising these days. What causes this eyesight problem? Besides family history, there are some other reasons, such as not having enough outdoor activities, being short of enough sleep and too much use of electronic products. However, many young people don’t take shortsightedness seriously before they are short-sighted. They think it’s easy to solve the problem with the help of glasses, or eye operations (手术). And some of them even think that it is cool to wear glasses. When they became short-sighted, spent a lot of money on glasses, felt uncomfortable after operations, they would regret for not caring about their eyes. Here’s one of the best ways to protect your eyes. A research shows that people with more outdoor activities have better visions. Being outdoor not only gives your eyes enough and proper light, but also helps you look far to relax your eyes. The most important advantage is that you use less electronic products like smartphones and TV. Let’s try our best to take care of the windows of our hearts—eyes. 1. In China, shortsightedness seems to be the most serious among _______. A．kindergarten kids B．primary school students C．junior high school students D．senior high school students 2. The reasons for the shortsightedness include _______. ①family history  ②wearing glasses every day  ③being short of sleep ④not having enough outdoor activities   ⑤too much use of electronic products A．②③④⑤ B．①③④⑤ C．①②④⑤ D．①②③④ 3. What does the underlined word “shocking” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．surprising B．exciting C．living D．developing 4. What can we know according to Paragraph 3? A．All people think shortsightedness is a serious problem. B．Glasses and eye operations are useless. C．Many people don’t treat it as a problem before they are short-sighted. D．There are only one way to protect your eyes. 5. What’s the purpose of the passage? A．Call on people to take good care of their eyesight. B．Explain the possible reasons for shortsightedness. C．Introduce World Report on Vision to readers. D．Compare the short-sighted problems in different countries. Passage 5 When you read the word “pickled vegetables (榨菜)”, what’s the first thing that comes to mind? Salty vegetables? That’s true. We usually eat them during the breakfast with porridge or noodles. Now, another similar word “electronic pickled vegetables (电子榨菜)” has arrived on the Internet. Do you know what they are? Well, electronic pickled vegetables are not something you can eat, but something you can watch! Sounds strange, many young people in China don’t have time to enjoy themselves or talk to their friends. Instead, they always eat alone. So they watch funny videos while eating. It’s like a friend telling you the best stories by your side. And these videos are called electronic pickled vegetables. They are usually short, such as cartoons, different kinds of shows or music. Different people have different opinions. Some think that electronic pickled vegetables can distract people from eating. That’s because you may laugh along with a cartoon character and forget to eat. However, others think they can make eating more enjoyable and less lonely. There is an interesting study showing that when you’re eating and watching videos at the same time, you can’t feel how full you are, and then you will eat more and get fat easily. 1. What do we usually eat for breakfast from the passage? A．porridge B．noodles C．pickled vegetables D．all of the above 2. According to the passage, which one of the following is the electronic pickled vegetables? A．scary movies B．news reports C．funny cartoons D．Beijing operas 3. What does the underlined word “distract” mean in Paragraph 3? A．stop B．learn C．hear D．start 4. What can we learn from the passage? A．Pickled vegetables are sweet vegetables. B．Electronic pickled vegetables are something you can eat. C．Young people always eat with their friends. D．Electronic pickled vegetables will make people eat more and get fat easily. 5. Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Pickled Vegetables B．Electronic Pickled Vegetables C．Interesting Short Videos D．Eating Habits Passage 6 According to a new survey, students’ safety has become a big problem. Nearly 50% of students say they are worried about robbery on the way to and from school. Now in many big cities in China, some schools have taught an unusual lesson: self-protection. Students like this lesson because there are no exams or boring classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to stop danger before it really happens. Chen Haoyu, a teacher at Beijing No. 25 Middle School, gives young students advice on how they should deal with danger. If you are robbed Keep calm. If you cannot cry for help or run away, give the robber your money. Try to remember what the robber looks like and tell the police later. If you are in a traffic accident If a car hits you, you should remember the car number. If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go. This is because you don’t know how seriously you are hurt. If it is raining hard and there is lighting Don’t stay in high places and stay away from trees. When there is a fire Get away as fast as you can. Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. Do not take the life. If someone is drowning Whether you can swim or not, don’t get into the water. Cry out for help. Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care of yourself at all times! 1. What does the underlined word “robbery” mean in English? A．Cheating. B．Crying. C．Money-stealing. D．Fighting. 2. How many suggestions does Chen Haoyu give the students? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 3. What can’t you do when you’re in a fire? A．Look for an exit. B．Get out from the building on stairs. C．Put wet things on your body. D．Stay in the room and just wait. 4. What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph? A．Dangerous things are as far as you think. B．Sometimes dangerous things may happen to you. C．If you think you are safe, then you will be. D．If you know how to take care of yourself, you will never meet danger. 5. What’s the best title for the passage? A．What students can do when they meet danger. B．What to do when you are robbed. C．Students’ safety has become a big problem. D．How students take care of themselves. Passage 7 The world needs help to make it a better place. What can we do to give others a hand? Be kind to negative (消极的) people. When people face trouble, they get upset and lose heart for life easily. Then they become negative. If you want to help, be kind to those who need your help, care, and love. Through your kindness, you can change their ideas of themselves and the world, and become their light in the darkness (黑暗). Volunteer in your neighborhood. If you’re looking to help others, volunteering is your best way. You can volunteer to help people facing difficulties in many ways. Also, you might bring out the best in yourself when helping others. Share your experiences. Helping others isn’t just about giving money or useful things; you can also share your experiences to help others when they feel lost. Your real-life experiences can provide useful lessons to help them solve life problems. Help around the house. Helping others isn’t only about helping strangers (陌生人); it’s also about helping your family. In a family, it’s not only a person’s job to do housework. Try to do more housework even without being asked. Spend some time folding your clothes, preparing dinner, and so on. No one at home should serve as your servant. You’re a family member, just like the rest. Show your great love and help your family. So, tell me, how do you plan to help others? 1. What can we know about negative people? A．They often give away money. B．They are kind to others. C．They like to live in the dark. D．They aren’t sure of themselves. 2. Why can your experiences help others? A．Because they’re more important than money. B．Because they have many interesting things. C．Because they bring no problems to others. D．Because they’re real with some useful lessons. 3. According to the writer, how should we help our family? A．By giving them more money. B．By sharing housework and showing love. C．By helping them solve their problems in life. D．By sharing our experiences with them 4. Which of the following can show the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5. The passage is mainly about ______. A．some advice on how to keep our neighborhood clean B．some ways to help others C．the reasons why people should do housework D．some ways to be a happy person Passage 8 January 20, 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. This smart program can solve math problems, write code, and answer questions like top models such as OpenAI’s GPT-4, but it costs much less to build. The team spent only $5. 58 million (1/70 of OpenAI’s cost) and used 2,048 computer chips for two months. This shows that good ideas can beat big money. DeepSeek-R1 learns by trying many times and getting better, like how students practice maths. Other AIs need lots of prepared examples, but R1 improves by itself. For example, in a global math test, it got 79.8% right, slightly higher than Open AI’s model. A simple version of R1 can even run on low-cost computers, helping schools and small companies. DeepSeek-R1 is free to use and change. On its first day online, over 19,000 programmers worldwide started projects to study it. A German scientist said experiments with R1 cost 10 instead of 300 with other AIs. Even Meta (a famous U.S. tech company) top scientist said, “This kind of free AI could change the world.” US tech companies are worried. Meta plans to spend over $65 billion on AI research. Experts say China is catching up fast. A report in Nature magazine called R1 a “big step forward”, proving that smart ideas beat expensive tools. As a DeepSeek engineer said, “We want AI to be a friend, not something only rich people can use.” With R1, China shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money. 1. The first paragraph is mainly developed by ______. A．providing examples B．listing numbers C．following the order of time D．comparing R1 with other AIs 2. What do the underlined words mean in paragraph 2? A．It becomes better through practice. B．It copies answers from other AIs. C．It needs programmers to fix mistakes. D．It only works with expensive tools. 3. How much does Meta plan to spend on AI research? A．65 million dollars. B．More than 65 million dollars. C．Less than 65 billion dollars. D．More than 65 billion dollars. 4. Why does the engineer say, “We want AI to be a friend, not something only rich people can use”? A．To explain why R1 is free. B．To compare RI with Meta’s AI. C．To encourage students to study math. D．To show that expensive AI models have no value. 5. What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain how computer chips work. B．To introduce a low-cost AI model from China. C．To encourage students to become programmers. D．To compare Chinese and American AI technologies. Passage 9 When we go to our beaches to enjoy Australia’s sun and sand, we’ re continuously reminded of the need to wear a shirt, a hat, and sunscreen. But we need also to pay attention to the resident birds that nest (筑巢) on our beaches and the migratory shorebirds (迁徙的滨鸟) that arrive every year from the north. We have 18 kinds of resident shorebirds that spend all their lives in Australia, eating and breeding (繁殖) here on our beaches. But at least 37 other kinds move to Australia in spring and early summer. For most, a one-way trip from the north is some 10,000-13,000km. Some of them are smaller than the adult human hand! After making the arduous journey here, migratory shorebirds increase in weight by eating the food on the beaches. These migratory birds are very sensitive (敏感的) to disturbance (干扰). Continual disturbance can stop them from finding enough food for their journey home. Some young birds and those that do not have the energy to make the return journey will stay here over winter. Resident shorebirds face a number of different problems. Cats and dogs take adult birds as well as baby birds and eggs. Signs are often in place on the beaches to let people know of the presence of shorebirds, advising them to keep away from marked areas and to keep pets under control. Sadly, the advice is not always followed. Organizations and volunteers who find shorebird nests in open areas often place a cage (笼子) over the nest, which lets the birds come and go from the nest, but keeps larger animals out. 1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To discover causes. B．To compare facts. C．To introduce the main topic. D．To share the writer’s story. 2. What can be learned about the shorebirds in Australia? A．They are mostly from the south. B．They live in Australia all year long. C．There are 18 kinds of migratory shorebirds. D．There are more of them in spring than in winter. 3. What. does the underlined word “arduous” mean? A．Hard. B．Successful. C．Safe. D．Impossible. 4. What can happen to birds as a result of disturbance? A．they get lost. B．They get hungry. C．They get caught. D．They get cold. 5. Which of the following may be a sign mentioned in the last paragraph? A． B． C． D． Passage 10 The American company Bonobos sells men’s clothes and you can find Bonobos shops in many US cities. But Bonobos shops are different from most shops because you can’t buy clothes there. You can only try on clothes there. You then place an order (下订单) for the clothes you want online and the clothes will arrive at your home as soon as the next day. In the past, you could only see Bonobos clothes online. However, like many online shoppers, Bonobos’ customers really want to try the clothes on before buying them. Almost half of the online shoppers in the US try things on in shops before buying them online. So Bonobos decided to give their customers a place—the guideshop—to try on its clothes. In these guideshops, shop assistants (售货员) give you advice about colours and sizes. The best thing is that you can always find your size because clothes there will never sell out! Also, you never have heavy shopping bags to take home with you! The guideshops also help Bonobos reduce costs. These shops aren’t as large as normal (一般的) shops. They don’t need twenty large blue jackets (夹克衫). They only need one. With guideshops, Bonobos needn’t spend much money on sending lots of clothes to and from shops. All this helps Bonobos save money. Is this the future of all shops—places where we “experience” things rather than (而不是) buying them? 1. What do we know about Bonobos from Paragraph 1? A．It sells women’s clothes. B．It has shops around the world. C．It sends clothes to people’s homes for free. D．It only lets people try on clothes in its shops. 2. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The history of Bonobos. B．The history of online shopping. C．Why Bonobos set up guideshops. D．Why people like buying clothes online. 3. The best thing about Bonobos guideshops is that ________. A．the clothes there are cheap B．the clothes there come in all sizes C．someone carries shopping bags for you D．someone helps you choose the right clothes 4. What does the underlined word “reduce” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Stand up. B．Count down. C．Set up. D．Cut down. 5. The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________. A．show a special kind of shop B．show how to buy the right clothes C．tell us to do more shopping online D．advise us to try on clothes before buying Passage 11 There are many ways to manage (管理) time. A clock plays an important role in time management. It can help us make our goals (目标) come true. We can use it in many parts of our life and it helps us say no to wasting time. The following ways can help us get started. Learn about the meaning of 30 seconds. For example, if your house is very dirty, think about this. Failing to (未能做) hang up a coat and keep a desk or room tidy happens when we leave out (忽略) the quick housework. We can play a game to see if we can build a clean and comfortable environment in 30 seconds. If possible, exercise at a certain time. For example, exercise at 7:00 a.m. and have breakfast at 8:00 a.m. every day. Also, we can ride a bike, run slowly or go for a quick 15-minute walk twice a day. The 15 minutes seems like a short time, but if we keep at it, it can make a difference to our health. Go to bed and wake up on time. This is the most important way and it makes us full of energy (能量). It also makes us healthy and benefits our study and work. Pairing every goal in life with a clock makes it easier to come true. We should learn to manage time and make full use of every minute. 1. Why are clocks important in time management? A．Because they are people’s best friends. B．Because they can help us get our goals. C．Because they are in many parts of our life.D．Because they help people do things on time. 2. What can help people keep their rooms clean? A．Leaving out the quick housework. B．Hanging up a coat. C．Playing a game. D．Going for a walk. 3. How does the writer tell the reader his idea in Para3? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By giving an example. D．By listing the numbers. 4. What does the word benefits in Para 4 mean? A．is good at B．is good to C．is good with D．is good for 5. What is the main purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To show us how to manage time. B．To give examples of time using. C．To show the importance of a clock. D．To teach people to use clocks rightly. Passage 12 Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents; however, it is not. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it’s hard for you to communicate with your parents, don’t worry about it. Here is some advice to bridge the generation gap (消除代沟). Don’t argue with your parents. Don’t get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won’t consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can’t express yourself well if you are angry. Go some place to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don’t think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and, why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. Please have a try! 1. The passage tells us ________ have a communication problem. A．parents and other people B．only school kids and their parents C．teachers and their students D．parents and children of all ages 2. Your parents probably won’t consider your ideas if you ________. A．don’t get to them often B．write a letter to them C．don’t speak to them politely D．express yourself well 3. What does the underlined phrase “cool off” mean? A．Make yourself happy. B．Get yourself quiet and relaxed. C．Have a good rest. D．Hide yourself quickly. 4. When parents’ values are different from yours, you’d better ________. A．talk about your values to them B．keep away from them C．agree with them all the time D．reach an agreement with them 5. Which is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell us parents and children should not have a generation gap. B．To encourage parents to show love and respect to their children. C．To introduce some good ways to bridge the generation gap. D．To make us understand many serious problems in families today. Passage 13 On November 7th, 2023, ESA’s Euclid space telescope (望远镜) sent back its first full-colour pictures of the universe. Last July, people sent Euclid into space. Its job is to find out how dark matter and dark energy (能量) have made our universe look the way it does today. 95% of our universe appears to be made of these “dark” things. But we still don’t understand what they are. However, Euclid is able to take a clear picture across a huge part of the sky. This time, Euclid sent back 5 pictures. One of them shows us the spiral galaxy IC 342. It is a look-alike of our Milky Way. Thanks to its infrared view (红外线视图), Euclid has already uncovered very important information about the stars in this galaxy. Euclid’s first full-colour pictures of the universe are not only beautiful, but also very helpful for scientists. They show that Euclid is working quite well and that scientists can use it to study the matters in the universe. In the coming months, scientists will study the pictures taken by Euclid, extract (提取) information from them and write many scientific papers. What’s more, over the next six years, Euclid will take a close look at billions of galaxies 10 billion light years from us. By doing this, it will create the largest 3D map ever made. And the pictures by it will take us common people to a much farther universe. 1. Why did people send Euclid into space? A．To make a 3D map of the universe. B．To study dark matter and dark energy. C．To take full-colour pictures of astronauts. D．To find more galaxies like our Milky Way. 2. What do we know about the dark things? A．People know them very well. B．They are useless for us humans. C．They are unusual in the universe. D．Scientists are still studying them. 3. The underlined word “uncovered” probably means “______”. A．changed B．discovered C．missed D．used 4. What is NOT mentioned about Euclid in the passage? A．How people created it. B．What it will do in space. C．When people sent it into space. D．What its first full-colour pictures. 5. What can be the best title of the passage? A．Euclid and its first full-colour pictures B．The largest 3D map by Euclid C．Dark things in the universe D．Scientific papers on Euclid Passage 14 World Sleep Day is on March 21 this year. How is your sleep these days? The CMDA (中国医师协会) asked 2,000 people in China about their sleep. About 36 percent of them often sleep badly. The study also finds that many students have only 5 hours of sleep a day. What makes their sleeping time so short? The most important reason is homework. It seems that they always have endless homework to do. But bad sleeping habits also play a role. Do you like to have a look at your mobile phone before going to bed? It reports that 60 percent of people check on their phones before they sleep. They read news, check their WeChat or talk with QQ friends. It’s important for us to get enough sleep. We’ll feel tired and think slowly without enough sleep. And tired kids are often unhappy, too. We can’t change our school time. But there are still ways to get better sleep. Stay away from Coke and coffee at night. They make it hard to fall asleep. Watch fewer TV series, leave your mobile phone and computer on your desk. Then you will improve your sleep. And you will live a better and healthier life. 1. How many people have bad sleep among the people who are asked by CMDA? A．About 270. B．About 360. C．About 720. D．About 1,280. 2. What’s the most important reason why students do NOT have enough sleep? A．Homework. B．Bad sleeping habits. C．Talking with QQ friends. D．Drinking too much Coke and coffee. 3. Which of the following words can replace (替换) the underlined word in Paragraph 2? A．Boring. B．Exciting. C．Difficult. D．Much. 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Televisions, mobile phones and computers are bad for your sleep. B．To get enough sleep, it’s best to ask the school to change the time. C．Bad sleeping habits can make us feel tired and think slowly. D．Many Chinese students sleep for 5 hours a day according to the study. 5. What is the passage mainly about? A．The information about World Sleep Day. B．The CMDA carried a survey. C．Why we have bad sleep and how to improve our sleep. D．Students have too much homework to do. Passage 15 As a traditional and meaningful board game, Weiqi was invented in China in the BC480 and it is still played until today. The playing pieces are called stones. One player uses the white stones and the other, black. The players take turns to play the stones on the game board. As we know, the board surface(板面)  has 361 cross points. The stones are placed on them. Weiqi is also called Go in the world. Learning it can not only improve people’s logical thinking ability, but it can also develop their calm character. That’s why it is more and more popular with modern people. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Weiqi traveled to Japan, and then to Europe in the 19th century. Now it has grown into an international competition event. So far, people from over 40 countries have played it. Among them, players from China, Japan and South Korea have the highest level of Weiqi. On February 19, Chinese-English Dictionary of Weiqi Term (术语) came out in Beijing. It’s the first professional(专业的) dictionary about Weiqi in China. As a symbol of Chinese culture, Weiqi has its special language. The dictionary will serve as a necessary tool and bridge for spreading Weiqi culture. 1. When was Weiqi invented in China? A．In the BC800. B．In the BC480. C．In the AD480. D．In the AD 500. 2. What does the underlined word pieces in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese? A．碎片 B．棋子 C．零件 D．条/块 3. According to the passage, Weiqi can improve people’s ________. A．logical thinking ability B．language ability C．physical ability D．writing ability 4. From the passage, we can learn that ________. A．Weiqi’s board surface has 360 cross points B．Weiqi traveled to Japan and Europe in Qing Dynasty C．Chinese-English Dictionary of Weiqi is the only professional dictionary D．Weiqi is a symbol of Chinese culture 5. What is the best title of the passage? A．The advantages of Weiqi. B．The language of Weiqi. C．An introduction(介绍) of Weiqi. D．The ways of playing Weiqi. 14 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$考前特训 题型5 说明文阅读 仿真模拟 考前特训（人教版Go for it!） 2024-2025学年八年级下学期 期末满分冲刺 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 内容提要 期末仿真题 期末模拟题 Passage 1 Many people catch a cold in spring and autumn. There are hundreds of kinds of viruses (病毒) .You never know which one you will get, so there isn’t a cure (疗法) for each one. When a virus attacks (攻击) your body, you may work hard to get rid of it. Blood rushes to your nose and brings congestion (充血) with it. You feel terrible because you can’t breathe well, but your body is actually “eating” the virus. Your temperature rises and you get a fever, but the heat of your body is killing the virus. You also have a runny nose to stop the virus from getting to your cells. You may feel miserable (痛苦的), but actually your body is trying to fight against the cold. Different people have different remedies for colds. In the United States and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to feel better. Some people take hot baths and drink warm liquids (液体). Other people take the medicine to stop the fever, congestion, and runny nose. There is one interesting thing to note—some scientists say taking the medicine when you have a cold is actually bad for you. The virus stays in you longer because your body doesn’t have a way to fight it or kill it. Bodies can do an amazing job on their own. 1. When you have nose congestion, you ________. A．can’t breathe well B．will have a fever C．can’t speak well D．will kill the virus 2. What can kill the virus？ A．Chicken soup. B．Your runny nose. C．The heat of your body. D．Warm liquids. 3. What does the underlined word “remedies” mean? A．Feelings. B．Cure. C．Medicine. D．Reasons. 4. When people have a cold, what won’t they do? A．Eat chicken soup. B．Take hot baths. C．Drink warm liquids. D．Run for a long time. 5. In some scientists’ opinion, taking the medicine when you have a cold is ________ for you. A．good B．bad C．helpful D．necessary 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 【导语】本文主要介绍了人们生病时的一些身体症状以及治疗感冒的方法。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Blood rushes to your nose and brings congestion (充血) with it. You feel terrible because you can’t breathe well”可知，鼻子充血会引起呼吸不畅。故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Your temperature rises and you get a fever, but the heat of your body is killing the virus.”可知，杀死病毒的是你身体的热度。故选C。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“In the United States and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to feel better. Some people take hot baths and drink warm liquids (液体). Other people take the medicine to stop the fever, congestion, and runny nose.”可知，该段通过举例介绍一些治疗感冒的方法，因此remedies意为“治疗方法”，与cure近义。故选B。 4. 细节理解题。根据“In the United States and some other countries, for example, people might eat chicken soup to feel better. Some people take hot baths and drink warm liquids (液体). Other people take the medicine to stop the fever, congestion, and runny nose.”可知，人们感冒时，可能会喝鸡汤、洗热水澡、喝热饮，但没有提到长时间跑步。故选D。 5. 细节理解题。根据“There is one interesting thing to note—some scientists say taking the medicine when you have a cold is actually bad for you.”可知，一些科学家认为感冒时吃药对你没有好处。故选B。 Passage 2 There are a lot of things we can do to help our friends and family. Sometimes even small help may make them feel great. What can we do? ★Ask what you can do to help. Talk to family members or friends and ask what they most need help with and just help do it. Don’t keep waiting until they tell you about their problems. You should show you’re always caring about them. ★Listen. Very often people just need someone to listen to them with kindness. When someone is telling you about himself or herself, don’t interrupt him or her with your own feelings, thoughts, and stories. Just try to be a good listener. It is a kind of great help. ★Offer to do jobs or chores. When someone is busy with tiring jobs or chores, he or she needs more help. Find out what your family or friends are busy with and spend some time giving them a hand. Because of your help, they’ll relax and thank you so much. ★Show you’re caring about them. Sometimes people feel cut off from their family or friends. In this situation, just let the friend or the family member know you’re thinking of him or her and that he or she is important to you. It doesn’t have to be a big, expensive thing; something small such as a greeting (问候) card or an e-mail will be fine. 1. How many pieces of advice does the passage give us? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 2. What might the underlined word “interrupt” mean? A．Save. B．Stop. C．Like. D．Hear. 3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Family members and friends need our help every day. B．When helping others, we should let them follow our ideas. C．Always caring about our family and friends really helps them. D．Our family and friends need help because they’re always busier than us. 4. Who is the passage mainly for? A．People who are in trouble. B．People who are volunteers. C．People who are our family or friends. D．People who would like to give others a hand. 5. What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Help Family and Friends B．When to Help Family and Friends C．Where to Go with Family and Friends D．How to Make Family and Friends Famous 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 【导语】本文主要介绍了帮助家人和朋友的一些建议。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章★黑体部分可知，文章给出了四条建议。故选B。 2. 词义猜测题。根据“don’t interrupt him or her with your own feelings, thoughts, and stories”和“Just try to be a good listener. It is a kind of great help.”可知，当别人告诉你关于他或她的事情时，不要用你自己的感受、想法和故事打断他或她。由此推测interrupt的意思是“打断”。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Talk to family members or friends and ask what they most need help with and just help do it...You should show you’re always caring about them.”可知，总是关心我们的家人和朋友确实能帮助他们。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要是给那些愿意帮助他人的人提供一些建议。故选D。 5. 最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了帮助家人和朋友的一些建议，因此最佳标题应该是“如何帮助家人和朋友”。故选A。 Passage 3 How was your sleep last night? World Sleep Day fell on March 17th this year. The topic was “sleep is important for health”. How can we have healthy sleep? Take a look at some tips. First, wake up naturally. Waking up to a ringing alarm is never fun. Studies showed that when you wake up because of a loud alarm, your breathing will go up from 16 to 24 breaths a minute. Your heart will have 10 more beats every minute. Your blood pressure (血压) will rise. “This is a very unhappy way to start the day,” a sleep scientist said. You’ll feel worse if you lie down again to get a few more minutes of sleep. This will make your body even sleepier. So what should we do to wake up naturally? Try to use an alarm with softer and lower sounds, or leave a crack (缝隙) in the curtains--the rising sun will wake you up. Second, sleep early, get up early. Some young people may go to bed late and get up late, such as sleeping from 2 a. m. to 10 a. m. They think as long as they have 8 hours of sleep, everything will be fine. But in fact, our bodies can tell time. They use light and temperature to do so. If we wake up too late, our bodies might feel confused between sleep and being awake. Our bodies don’t know the real time. That’s why sometimes we feel even more tired after oversleeping. So, it’s necessary for us to sleep early and get up early. 1. What’s the topic of World Sleep Day? A．Sleep is important for health. B．We should have healthy sleep. C．Try to wake up naturally. D．Sleep early, get up early. 2. According to Paragraph 2, if the alarm loudly wakes you up, what will happen? A．You’ll have a good day. B．Your breathing will go up. C．Your heart will beat more slowly. D．Your blood pressure will keep the same. 3. What does the underlined word “confused” mean? A．Unlucky. B．Unclear. C．Unhappy D．Unhealthy. 4. Which is the correct structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5. What is the passage mainly about? A．How. to wake up naturally. B．How to sleep early. C．How to sleep healthily D．How to keep healthy. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了世界睡眠日的主题是“睡眠对健康很重要”，并给出了一些保持健康睡眠的建议。 1. 细节理解题。根据“The topic was ‘sleep is important for health’.”可知，世界睡眠日的主题是“睡眠对健康很重要。”故选A。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Studies showed that when you get ‘shocked’ by the alarm, your breathing will go up from 16 to 24 breaths a minute.”可知，你的呼吸会加快。故选B。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“But in fact, our bodies can tell time. They use light and temperature to do so. If we wake up too late, our bodies might feel confused between sleep and being awake. Our bodies don’t know the real time. That’s why sometimes we feel even more tired after oversleeping.”可知，睡得太晚会让我们的身体无法区分睡眠和清醒。所以划线词意为“不清楚的”。故选B。 4. 篇章结构题。根据第一段引出文章话题；第二、三、四段为第一个建议；第五段和第六段为第二个建议。故选A。 5. 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了世界睡眠日的主题是“睡眠对健康很重要”，并给出了一些保持健康睡眠的建议。故选C。 Passage 4 According to The National Report on Vision (视力), the population of Chinese with shortsightedness (近视) has reached 600 million, and about 70% of the teenagers (aged from 13 to 19) are shortsighted. China Daily reported more serious vision problems in China in 2019. In the report, 80% senior high school students are short-sighted, followed by 71% in junior high school, 36% in primary school and 14% of 6-year-olds. The shocking numbers are still rising these days. What causes this eyesight problem? Besides family history, there are some other reasons, such as not having enough outdoor activities, being short of enough sleep and too much use of electronic products. However, many young people don’t take shortsightedness seriously before they are short-sighted. They think it’s easy to solve the problem with the help of glasses, or eye operations (手术). And some of them even think that it is cool to wear glasses. When they became short-sighted, spent a lot of money on glasses, felt uncomfortable after operations, they would regret for not caring about their eyes. Here’s one of the best ways to protect your eyes. A research shows that people with more outdoor activities have better visions. Being outdoor not only gives your eyes enough and proper light, but also helps you look far to relax your eyes. The most important advantage is that you use less electronic products like smartphones and TV. Let’s try our best to take care of the windows of our hearts—eyes. 1. In China, shortsightedness seems to be the most serious among _______. A．kindergarten kids B．primary school students C．junior high school students D．senior high school students 2. The reasons for the shortsightedness include _______. ①family history  ②wearing glasses every day  ③being short of sleep ④not having enough outdoor activities   ⑤too much use of electronic products A．②③④⑤ B．①③④⑤ C．①②④⑤ D．①②③④ 3. What does the underlined word “shocking” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．surprising B．exciting C．living D．developing 4. What can we know according to Paragraph 3? A．All people think shortsightedness is a serious problem. B．Glasses and eye operations are useless. C．Many people don’t treat it as a problem before they are short-sighted. D．There are only one way to protect your eyes. 5. What’s the purpose of the passage? A．Call on people to take good care of their eyesight. B．Explain the possible reasons for shortsightedness. C．Introduce World Report on Vision to readers. D．Compare the short-sighted problems in different countries. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. A 【导语】本文主要讲述了中国近视人口的现状及相关情况，并告诫人们要好好保护视力。 1. 细节理解题。根据“China Daily reported more serious vision problems in China in 2019. In the report, 80% senior high school students are short-sighted, followed by 71% in junior high school, 36% in primary school and 14% of 6-year-olds.”可知，80%的高中生近视，所以近视问题在高中生之中似乎是最严重的。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“What causes this eyesight problem? Besides family history, there are some other reasons, such as not having enough outdoor activities, being short of enough sleep and too much use of electronic products.”可知，家族遗传、没有足够的户外活动、缺乏睡眠以及过度使用电子产品都会导致近视。故选B。 3. 词义猜测题。根据“In the report, 80% senior high school students are short-sighted, followed by 71% in junior high school, 36% in primary school and 14% of 6-year-olds. The shocking numbers are still rising these days.”可知，报告显示，80%的高中生近视，其次初中生的近视率为71%，小学生为36%，6岁儿童的近视率为14%。而这些惊人的数字仍在上升。划线单词shocking意为“令人震惊的”，与surprising近义。故选A。 4. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“However, many young people don’t take shortsightedness seriously before they are short-sighted.”可知，许多年轻人在近视之前都不把近视当回事。故选C。 5. 主旨大意题。根据“Let’s try our best to take care of the windows of our hearts—eyes.”以及通读全文后可知，本文主要讲述了中国近视人口的现状及相关情况，并告诫人们要好好保护视力。故选A。 Passage 5 When you read the word “pickled vegetables (榨菜)”, what’s the first thing that comes to mind? Salty vegetables? That’s true. We usually eat them during the breakfast with porridge or noodles. Now, another similar word “electronic pickled vegetables (电子榨菜)” has arrived on the Internet. Do you know what they are? Well, electronic pickled vegetables are not something you can eat, but something you can watch! Sounds strange, many young people in China don’t have time to enjoy themselves or talk to their friends. Instead, they always eat alone. So they watch funny videos while eating. It’s like a friend telling you the best stories by your side. And these videos are called electronic pickled vegetables. They are usually short, such as cartoons, different kinds of shows or music. Different people have different opinions. Some think that electronic pickled vegetables can distract people from eating. That’s because you may laugh along with a cartoon character and forget to eat. However, others think they can make eating more enjoyable and less lonely. There is an interesting study showing that when you’re eating and watching videos at the same time, you can’t feel how full you are, and then you will eat more and get fat easily. 1. What do we usually eat for breakfast from the passage? A．porridge B．noodles C．pickled vegetables D．all of the above 2. According to the passage, which one of the following is the electronic pickled vegetables? A．scary movies B．news reports C．funny cartoons D．Beijing operas 3. What does the underlined word “distract” mean in Paragraph 3? A．stop B．learn C．hear D．start 4. What can we learn from the passage? A．Pickled vegetables are sweet vegetables. B．Electronic pickled vegetables are something you can eat. C．Young people always eat with their friends. D．Electronic pickled vegetables will make people eat more and get fat easily. 5. Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Pickled Vegetables B．Electronic Pickled Vegetables C．Interesting Short Videos D．Eating Habits 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍“电子榨菜”这一概念。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“We usually eat them during the breakfast with porridge or noodles.”可知，早餐我们经常吃粥、面条和榨菜。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And these videos are called electronic pickled vegetables. They are usually short, such as cartoons, different kinds of shows or music.”可知，电子榨菜通常很短，比如动画片、各种各样的节目或音乐。故选C。 3. 词句猜测题。根据最后一段中的“That’s because you may laugh along with a cartoon character and forget to eat.”可知，你可能会和卡通人物一起笑，忘记吃饭，所以划线部分的含义是“阻止”。故选A。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“There is an interesting study showing that when you’re eating and watching videos at the same time, you can’t feel how full you are, and then you will eat more and get fat easily.”可知，电子榨菜会让人吃得更多，更容易发胖。故选D。 5. 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍“电子榨菜”这一概念。故选B。 Passage 6 According to a new survey, students’ safety has become a big problem. Nearly 50% of students say they are worried about robbery on the way to and from school. Now in many big cities in China, some schools have taught an unusual lesson: self-protection. Students like this lesson because there are no exams or boring classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to stop danger before it really happens. Chen Haoyu, a teacher at Beijing No. 25 Middle School, gives young students advice on how they should deal with danger. If you are robbed Keep calm. If you cannot cry for help or run away, give the robber your money. Try to remember what the robber looks like and tell the police later. If you are in a traffic accident If a car hits you, you should remember the car number. If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go. This is because you don’t know how seriously you are hurt. If it is raining hard and there is lighting Don’t stay in high places and stay away from trees. When there is a fire Get away as fast as you can. Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. Do not take the life. If someone is drowning Whether you can swim or not, don’t get into the water. Cry out for help. Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care of yourself at all times! 1. What does the underlined word “robbery” mean in English? A．Cheating. B．Crying. C．Money-stealing. D．Fighting. 2. How many suggestions does Chen Haoyu give the students? A．Three. B．Four. C．Five. D．Six. 3. What can’t you do when you’re in a fire? A．Look for an exit. B．Get out from the building on stairs. C．Put wet things on your body. D．Stay in the room and just wait. 4. What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph? A．Dangerous things are as far as you think. B．Sometimes dangerous things may happen to you. C．If you think you are safe, then you will be. D．If you know how to take care of yourself, you will never meet danger. 5. What’s the best title for the passage? A．What students can do when they meet danger. B．What to do when you are robbed. C．Students’ safety has become a big problem. D．How students take care of themselves. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要围绕学生安全问题展开，介绍了面对不同危险情况时学生应采取的自我保护措施。 1. 词义猜测题。根据“Keep calm. If you cannot cry for help or run away, give the robber your money.”可知，遇到robbery时要把钱给抢劫者，所以“robbery”意思是抢钱、盗窃钱财，与“Money - stealing”意思相符。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。文章分别提到了“If you are robbed”“If you are in a traffic accident”“If it is raining hard and there is lighting”“When there is a fire”“If someone is drowning”这五种情况及相应建议。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据“When there is a fire...Get away as fast as you can. Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. Do not take the lift.”可知，发生火灾时不能待在房间里等待，要尽快逃离、找出口、用湿东西保护身体。故选D。 4. 细节理解题。“Remember that danger is never as far away as you think.”意思是危险并不像你想象的那么遥远，即有时危险可能会发生在你身上。故选B。 5. 最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了学生在遇到抢劫、交通事故、雷雨、火灾、有人溺水等危险情况时应该怎么做，A选项“学生遇到危险时能做什么”能概括文章主要内容。故选A。 Passage 7 The world needs help to make it a better place. What can we do to give others a hand? Be kind to negative (消极的) people. When people face trouble, they get upset and lose heart for life easily. Then they become negative. If you want to help, be kind to those who need your help, care, and love. Through your kindness, you can change their ideas of themselves and the world, and become their light in the darkness (黑暗). Volunteer in your neighborhood. If you’re looking to help others, volunteering is your best way. You can volunteer to help people facing difficulties in many ways. Also, you might bring out the best in yourself when helping others. Share your experiences. Helping others isn’t just about giving money or useful things; you can also share your experiences to help others when they feel lost. Your real-life experiences can provide useful lessons to help them solve life problems. Help around the house. Helping others isn’t only about helping strangers (陌生人); it’s also about helping your family. In a family, it’s not only a person’s job to do housework. Try to do more housework even without being asked. Spend some time folding your clothes, preparing dinner, and so on. No one at home should serve as your servant. You’re a family member, just like the rest. Show your great love and help your family. So, tell me, how do you plan to help others? 1. What can we know about negative people? A．They often give away money. B．They are kind to others. C．They like to live in the dark. D．They aren’t sure of themselves. 2. Why can your experiences help others? A．Because they’re more important than money. B．Because they have many interesting things. C．Because they bring no problems to others. D．Because they’re real with some useful lessons. 3. According to the writer, how should we help our family? A．By giving them more money. B．By sharing housework and showing love. C．By helping them solve their problems in life. D．By sharing our experiences with them 4. Which of the following can show the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 5. The passage is mainly about ______. A．some advice on how to keep our neighborhood clean B．some ways to help others C．the reasons why people should do housework D．some ways to be a happy person 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了如何通过不同的方式帮助他人，使世界变得更美好。 1. 细节理解题。根据“When people face trouble, they get upset and lose heart for life easily. Then they become negative.”可知，消极的人在面对困难时容易失去信心，对自己和世界产生负面看法，即消极的人对自己没有信心。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Your real-life experiences can provide useful lessons to help them solve life problems.”可知，分享自己的经验可以帮助他人解决生活中的问题，因为这些经验是真实的且包含有用的教训。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Try to do more housework even without being asked. Spend some time folding your clothes, preparing dinner, and so on.”可知，帮助家人最好的方式是分担家务和表达爱意。故选B。 4. 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段先提出总观点，要帮助他人；第二、三、四、五段分别从对消极的人友善、参与志愿服务、分享经验和帮助家人做家务四个方面展开说明；第六段询问帮助他人的计划。文章为总分总结构，与选项A符合。故选A。 5. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了如何通过不同的方式帮助他人，使世界变得更美好，即主要讲述了帮助他人的方式。故选B。 Passage 8 January 20, 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. This smart program can solve math problems, write code, and answer questions like top models such as OpenAI’s GPT-4, but it costs much less to build. The team spent only $5. 58 million (1/70 of OpenAI’s cost) and used 2,048 computer chips for two months. This shows that good ideas can beat big money. DeepSeek-R1 learns by trying many times and getting better, like how students practice maths. Other AIs need lots of prepared examples, but R1 improves by itself. For example, in a global math test, it got 79.8% right, slightly higher than Open AI’s model. A simple version of R1 can even run on low-cost computers, helping schools and small companies. DeepSeek-R1 is free to use and change. On its first day online, over 19,000 programmers worldwide started projects to study it. A German scientist said experiments with R1 cost 10 instead of 300 with other AIs. Even Meta (a famous U.S. tech company) top scientist said, “This kind of free AI could change the world.” US tech companies are worried. Meta plans to spend over $65 billion on AI research. Experts say China is catching up fast. A report in Nature magazine called R1 a “big step forward”, proving that smart ideas beat expensive tools. As a DeepSeek engineer said, “We want AI to be a friend, not something only rich people can use.” With R1, China shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money. 1. The first paragraph is mainly developed by ______. A．providing examples B．listing numbers C．following the order of time D．comparing R1 with other AIs 2. What do the underlined words mean in paragraph 2? A．It becomes better through practice. B．It copies answers from other AIs. C．It needs programmers to fix mistakes. D．It only works with expensive tools. 3. How much does Meta plan to spend on AI research? A．65 million dollars. B．More than 65 million dollars. C．Less than 65 billion dollars. D．More than 65 billion dollars. 4. Why does the engineer say, “We want AI to be a friend, not something only rich people can use”? A．To explain why R1 is free. B．To compare RI with Meta’s AI. C．To encourage students to study math. D．To show that expensive AI models have no value. 5. What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To explain how computer chips work. B．To introduce a low-cost AI model from China. C．To encourage students to become programmers. D．To compare Chinese and American AI technologies. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. B 【导语】本文介绍了中国公司DeepSeek推出的人工智能DeepSeek-R1，它以低成本实现了高性能，在数学测试中超过了OpenAI的模型，并且免费开放使用，受到全球关注，证明了创新和努力比资金更重要。 1. 推理判断题。根据“This smart program can solve math problems, write code, and answer questions like top models such as OpenAI’s GPT-4, but it costs much less to build. The team spent only $5. 58 million (1/70 of OpenAI’s cost) and used 2,048 computer chips for two months.”可知，第一段通过比较中国公司DeepSeek推出的人工智能DeepSeek-R1与其他AI模型的创造资金与解决问题等方面的对比，来展开文章。故选D。 2. 词句猜测题。根据“Other AIs need lots of prepared examples, but R1 improves by itself.”可知，DeepSeek-R1能通过自身练习不断变好，因此划线词汇与选项A同义。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Meta plans to spend over $65 billion on AI research.”可知，Meta计划投入超过650亿美元去研究AI。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据“As a DeepSeek engineer said, ‘We want AI to be a friend, not something only rich people can use.’ With R1, China shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money.”可知，工程师强调AI要做朋友而非有钱人专属，实际上是在解释R1免费开放、人人可用的原因。故选A。 5. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍的是来自中国的一款低成本AI模型DeepSeek-R1。故选B。 Passage 9 When we go to our beaches to enjoy Australia’s sun and sand, we’ re continuously reminded of the need to wear a shirt, a hat, and sunscreen. But we need also to pay attention to the resident birds that nest (筑巢) on our beaches and the migratory shorebirds (迁徙的滨鸟) that arrive every year from the north. We have 18 kinds of resident shorebirds that spend all their lives in Australia, eating and breeding (繁殖) here on our beaches. But at least 37 other kinds move to Australia in spring and early summer. For most, a one-way trip from the north is some 10,000-13,000km. Some of them are smaller than the adult human hand! After making the arduous journey here, migratory shorebirds increase in weight by eating the food on the beaches. These migratory birds are very sensitive (敏感的) to disturbance (干扰). Continual disturbance can stop them from finding enough food for their journey home. Some young birds and those that do not have the energy to make the return journey will stay here over winter. Resident shorebirds face a number of different problems. Cats and dogs take adult birds as well as baby birds and eggs. Signs are often in place on the beaches to let people know of the presence of shorebirds, advising them to keep away from marked areas and to keep pets under control. Sadly, the advice is not always followed. Organizations and volunteers who find shorebird nests in open areas often place a cage (笼子) over the nest, which lets the birds come and go from the nest, but keeps larger animals out. 1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph? A．To discover causes. B．To compare facts. C．To introduce the main topic. D．To share the writer’s story. 2. What can be learned about the shorebirds in Australia? A．They are mostly from the south. B．They live in Australia all year long. C．There are 18 kinds of migratory shorebirds. D．There are more of them in spring than in winter. 3. What. does the underlined word “arduous” mean? A．Hard. B．Successful. C．Safe. D．Impossible. 4. What can happen to birds as a result of disturbance? A．they get lost. B．They get hungry. C．They get caught. D．They get cold. 5. Which of the following may be a sign mentioned in the last paragraph? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. D 【导语】本文主要讨论了澳大利亚海滩上的本地鸟类和迁徙滨鸟的保护问题。 1. 推理判断题。根据“But we need also to pay attention to the resident birds that nest (筑巢) on our beaches and the migratory shorebirds (迁徙的滨鸟) that arrive every year from the north.”可知，本段是为了要介绍“”要注意在海滩上筑巢的留鸟和每年从北方抵达的迁徙滨鸟”的话题。故选C。 2. 推理判断题。根据“But at least 37 other kinds move to Australia in spring and early summer.”及“Some young birds and those that do not have the energy to make the return journey will stay here over winter.”可知，很多鸟类在春季和初夏迁往澳大利亚，一些小鸟和那些没有精力返程的小鸟将在这里度过冬天，由此可知，澳大利亚的滨鸟春天比冬天要多。故选D。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“For most, a one-way trip from the north is some 10,000-13,000km. Some of them are smaller than the adult human hand! After making the arduous journey here, migratory shorebirds increase in weight by eating the food on the beaches”可知，从北方来的单程旅行大约是10000-13000公里，这对于这些鸟类是很艰难的，故推出划线部分arduous意为“艰难的”。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据“Continual disturbance can stop them from finding enough food for their journey home.”可知，持续的骚乱会阻止它们找到足够的食物回家，因此它们会挨饿。故选B。 5. 推理判断题。根据“Signs are often in place on the beaches to let people know of the presence of shorebirds, advising them to keep away from marked areas and to keep pets under control.”可知，海滩上经常设置标志，建议人们让宠物远离标记区域，并控制宠物，与选项D图片对应。故选D。 Passage 10 The American company Bonobos sells men’s clothes and you can find Bonobos shops in many US cities. But Bonobos shops are different from most shops because you can’t buy clothes there. You can only try on clothes there. You then place an order (下订单) for the clothes you want online and the clothes will arrive at your home as soon as the next day. In the past, you could only see Bonobos clothes online. However, like many online shoppers, Bonobos’ customers really want to try the clothes on before buying them. Almost half of the online shoppers in the US try things on in shops before buying them online. So Bonobos decided to give their customers a place—the guideshop—to try on its clothes. In these guideshops, shop assistants (售货员) give you advice about colours and sizes. The best thing is that you can always find your size because clothes there will never sell out! Also, you never have heavy shopping bags to take home with you! The guideshops also help Bonobos reduce costs. These shops aren’t as large as normal (一般的) shops. They don’t need twenty large blue jackets (夹克衫). They only need one. With guideshops, Bonobos needn’t spend much money on sending lots of clothes to and from shops. All this helps Bonobos save money. Is this the future of all shops—places where we “experience” things rather than (而不是) buying them? 1. What do we know about Bonobos from Paragraph 1? A．It sells women’s clothes. B．It has shops around the world. C．It sends clothes to people’s homes for free. D．It only lets people try on clothes in its shops. 2. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．The history of Bonobos. B．The history of online shopping. C．Why Bonobos set up guideshops. D．Why people like buying clothes online. 3. The best thing about Bonobos guideshops is that ________. A．the clothes there are cheap B．the clothes there come in all sizes C．someone carries shopping bags for you D．someone helps you choose the right clothes 4. What does the underlined word “reduce” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Stand up. B．Count down. C．Set up. D．Cut down. 5. The writer wrote the passage mainly to ________. A．show a special kind of shop B．show how to buy the right clothes C．tell us to do more shopping online D．advise us to try on clothes before buying 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国公司Bonobos的独特购物模式——guideshop。顾客可以在店内试穿衣服，然后在线下单，衣服会在第二天送到家中。这种模式不仅满足了顾客试穿的需求，还帮助公司降低了成本。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“But Bonobos shops are different from most shops because you can’t buy clothes there. You can only try on clothes there.”可知，Bonobos商店只允许顾客试穿衣服。故选D。 2. 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“So Bonobos decided to give their customers a place — the guideshop—to try on its clothes.”并通读本段可知，第二段主要讲述了Bonobos设立guideshop的原因。故选C。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The best thing is that you can always find your size because clothes there will never sell out!”可知，Bonobos guideshop的最好的地方是那里的衣服有各种尺码。故选B。 4. 词句猜测题。根据“All this helps Bonobos save money.”可知，guideshops的经营模式有助于Bonobos省钱，即降低成本，所以划线部分的含义是“降低”。故选D。 5. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了美国公司Bonobos的独特购物模式——guideshop。顾客可以在店内试穿衣服，然后在线下单，衣服会在第二天送到家中。这种模式不仅满足了顾客试穿的需求，还帮助公司降低了成本，所以A项符合。故选A。 Passage 11 There are many ways to manage (管理) time. A clock plays an important role in time management. It can help us make our goals (目标) come true. We can use it in many parts of our life and it helps us say no to wasting time. The following ways can help us get started. Learn about the meaning of 30 seconds. For example, if your house is very dirty, think about this. Failing to (未能做) hang up a coat and keep a desk or room tidy happens when we leave out (忽略) the quick housework. We can play a game to see if we can build a clean and comfortable environment in 30 seconds. If possible, exercise at a certain time. For example, exercise at 7:00 a.m. and have breakfast at 8:00 a.m. every day. Also, we can ride a bike, run slowly or go for a quick 15-minute walk twice a day. The 15 minutes seems like a short time, but if we keep at it, it can make a difference to our health. Go to bed and wake up on time. This is the most important way and it makes us full of energy (能量). It also makes us healthy and benefits our study and work. Pairing every goal in life with a clock makes it easier to come true. We should learn to manage time and make full use of every minute. 1. Why are clocks important in time management? A．Because they are people’s best friends. B．Because they can help us get our goals. C．Because they are in many parts of our life. D．Because they help people do things on time. 2. What can help people keep their rooms clean? A．Leaving out the quick housework. B．Hanging up a coat. C．Playing a game. D．Going for a walk. 3. How does the writer tell the reader his idea in Para3? A．By telling a story. B．By asking a question. C．By giving an example. D．By listing the numbers. 4. What does the word benefits in Para 4 mean? A．is good at B．is good to C．is good with D．is good for 5. What is the main purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To show us how to manage time. B．To give examples of time using. C．To show the importance of a clock. D．To teach people to use clocks rightly. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了时钟在时间管理中所起的重要作用，还介绍了如何开始时间管理的方法和进行时间管理的好处。 1. 细节理解题。根据“A clock plays an important role in time management. It can help us make our goals come true.”可知，钟表能帮助我们实现目标，因此在时间管理中很重要。故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Failing to hang up a coat and keep a desk or room tidy happens when we leave out the quick housework.”可知，当我们忽略快速家务时，就不能把外套挂起来，不能保持书桌或房间的整洁。因此挂外套可以保持房间整洁，故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“For example,”可知，作者在第三段中举了一个具体的例子。故选C。 4. 词句猜测题。根据“It also makes us healthy and benefits our study and work.”可知，按时起床和睡觉对我们的健康和工作学习有益，由此可猜测benefits意为“对……有好处”。故选D。 5. 主旨大意题。根据“The following ways can help us get started.”和“We should learn to manage time and make full use of every minute.”可知，本文旨在告诉我们如何管理好时间。故选A。 Passage 12 Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents; however, it is not. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it’s hard for you to communicate with your parents, don’t worry about it. Here is some advice to bridge the generation gap (消除代沟). Don’t argue with your parents. Don’t get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won’t consider your ideas if you are shouting at them. And you can’t express yourself well if you are angry. Go some place to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don’t think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and, why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. Please have a try! 1. The passage tells us ________ have a communication problem. A．parents and other people B．only school kids and their parents C．teachers and their students D．parents and children of all ages 2. Your parents probably won’t consider your ideas if you ________. A．don’t get to them often B．write a letter to them C．don’t speak to them politely D．express yourself well 3. What does the underlined phrase “cool off” mean? A．Make yourself happy. B．Get yourself quiet and relaxed. C．Have a good rest. D．Hide yourself quickly. 4. When parents’ values are different from yours, you’d better ________. A．talk about your values to them B．keep away from them C．agree with them all the time D．reach an agreement with them 5. Which is the main purpose of the passage? A．To tell us parents and children should not have a generation gap. B．To encourage parents to show love and respect to their children. C．To introduce some good ways to bridge the generation gap. D．To make us understand many serious problems in families today. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 【导语】本文主要描述了孩子和父母之间的代沟问题，分析了主要原因并提出了几点建议。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages.”可知父母与孩子之间的沟通在任何年龄段都存在，故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据“Your parents probably won’t consider your ideas if you are shouting at them.”可知如果你跟父母说话不礼貌，他们不会考虑你的想法，故选C。 3. 词义猜测题。根据“And you can’t express yourself well if you are angry. Go some place to cool off.”可知生气时没法正确表达自己的想法，所以去一个地方冷静下来，cool off表示“平静下来，放松”，故选B。 4. 细节理解题，根据“Talk about your values...The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and, why.”可知当父母的价值观与你不同时，要向他们谈论自己的价值观，故选A。 5. 主旨归纳题。根据“Here is some advice to bridge the generation gap.”可知，本文主要描述了孩子和父母之间的代沟问题，分析了主要原因并提出了几点建议，故选C。 Passage 13 On November 7th, 2023, ESA’s Euclid space telescope (望远镜) sent back its first full-colour pictures of the universe. Last July, people sent Euclid into space. Its job is to find out how dark matter and dark energy (能量) have made our universe look the way it does today. 95% of our universe appears to be made of these “dark” things. But we still don’t understand what they are. However, Euclid is able to take a clear picture across a huge part of the sky. This time, Euclid sent back 5 pictures. One of them shows us the spiral galaxy IC 342. It is a look-alike of our Milky Way. Thanks to its infrared view (红外线视图), Euclid has already uncovered very important information about the stars in this galaxy. Euclid’s first full-colour pictures of the universe are not only beautiful, but also very helpful for scientists. They show that Euclid is working quite well and that scientists can use it to study the matters in the universe. In the coming months, scientists will study the pictures taken by Euclid, extract (提取) information from them and write many scientific papers. What’s more, over the next six years, Euclid will take a close look at billions of galaxies 10 billion light years from us. By doing this, it will create the largest 3D map ever made. And the pictures by it will take us common people to a much farther universe. 1. Why did people send Euclid into space? A．To make a 3D map of the universe. B．To study dark matter and dark energy. C．To take full-colour pictures of astronauts. D．To find more galaxies like our Milky Way. 2. What do we know about the dark things? A．People know them very well. B．They are useless for us humans. C．They are unusual in the universe. D．Scientists are still studying them. 3. The underlined word “uncovered” probably means “______”. A．changed B．discovered C．missed D．used 4. What is NOT mentioned about Euclid in the passage? A．How people created it. B．What it will do in space. C．When people sent it into space. D．What its first full-colour pictures. 5. What can be the best title of the passage? A．Euclid and its first full-colour pictures B．The largest 3D map by Euclid C．Dark things in the universe D．Scientific papers on Euclid 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. A 【导语】本文主要介绍了欧几里德空间望远镜及其发布的首批5张科学图像，科学家将利用其揭示暗能量与暗物质的秘密。 1. 推理判断题。根据“Its job is to find out how dark matter and dark energy (能量) have made our universe look the way it does today.”可推知，人们将“欧几里德”送入太空是为了研究暗物质和暗能量。故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据“95% of our universe appears to be made of these “dark” things. But we still don’t understand what they are.”可知，我们宇宙的95%似乎是由这些“黑暗”物质组成的，但是我们仍然不明白它们是什么。由此推测，科学家们仍在研究这些“黑暗”物质。故选D。 3. 词义猜测题。根据“Thanks to its infrared view (红外线视图), Euclid has already uncovered very important information about the stars in this galaxy.”可知，由于它的红外观测，“欧几里德”已经揭示了这个星系中恒星非常重要的信息。由此猜测，uncovered意为discovered“发现”。故选B。 4. 细节理解题。根据“Last July, people sent Euclid into space.”可知，此处提到了“欧几里德”被送上太空的时间；根据“This time, Euclid sent back 5 pictures. One of them shows us the spiral galaxy IC 342. It is a look-alike of our Milky Way.”可知，此处提到了“欧几里德”传送回来的首批图像是什么样的；根据“What’s more, over the next six years, Euclid will take a close look at billions of galaxies 10 billion light years from us.”可知，此处提到了“欧几里德”将在太空做什么。因此，选项A“他们是如何创造出它的”没有被提及。故选A。 5. 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了欧几里德空间望远镜及其发布的首批5张科学图像，科学家将利用其揭示暗能量与暗物质的秘密。因此，选项A“‘欧几里德’和它的首批彩色图像”是最佳标题。故选A。 Passage 14 World Sleep Day is on March 21 this year. How is your sleep these days? The CMDA (中国医师协会) asked 2,000 people in China about their sleep. About 36 percent of them often sleep badly. The study also finds that many students have only 5 hours of sleep a day. What makes their sleeping time so short? The most important reason is homework. It seems that they always have endless homework to do. But bad sleeping habits also play a role. Do you like to have a look at your mobile phone before going to bed? It reports that 60 percent of people check on their phones before they sleep. They read news, check their WeChat or talk with QQ friends. It’s important for us to get enough sleep. We’ll feel tired and think slowly without enough sleep. And tired kids are often unhappy, too. We can’t change our school time. But there are still ways to get better sleep. Stay away from Coke and coffee at night. They make it hard to fall asleep. Watch fewer TV series, leave your mobile phone and computer on your desk. Then you will improve your sleep. And you will live a better and healthier life. 1. How many people have bad sleep among the people who are asked by CMDA? A．About 270. B．About 360. C．About 720. D．About 1,280. 2. What’s the most important reason why students do NOT have enough sleep? A．Homework. B．Bad sleeping habits. C．Talking with QQ friends. D．Drinking too much Coke and coffee. 3. Which of the following words can replace (替换) the underlined word in Paragraph 2? A．Boring. B．Exciting. C．Difficult. D．Much. 4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Televisions, mobile phones and computers are bad for your sleep. B．To get enough sleep, it’s best to ask the school to change the time. C．Bad sleeping habits can make us feel tired and think slowly. D．Many Chinese students sleep for 5 hours a day according to the study. 5. What is the passage mainly about? A．The information about World Sleep Day. B．The CMDA carried a survey. C．Why we have bad sleep and how to improve our sleep. D．Students have too much homework to do. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 【原文】本文主要介绍了睡眠的重要性，以及保证充足的、良好的睡眠方法。 1. 细节理解题。根据“The CMDA (中国医师协会) asked 2,000 people in China about their sleep. About 36 percent of them often sleep badly.”可知，2000人中约有36%的人睡眠不良，即大约720人。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据“The most important reason is homework.”可知，学生睡眠不足的最重要原因是家庭作业太多。故选A。 3. 词句猜测题。根据“What makes their sleeping time so short? The most important reason is homework.”可知，学生睡眠少是因为作业，由此推知学生的作业很多，因此“endless”此处与Much同义。故选D。   4. 细节理解题。根据“We can’t change our school time. But there are still ways to get better sleep.”可知，上学时间不能改变，但有其他的方法获得良好睡眠，因此作者不建议改变上学时间，选项B表述错误。故选B。 5. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了睡眠的重要性，以及保证充足的、良好的睡眠方法。故选C。 Passage 15 As a traditional and meaningful board game, Weiqi was invented in China in the BC480 and it is still played until today. The playing pieces are called stones. One player uses the white stones and the other, black. The players take turns to play the stones on the game board. As we know, the board surface(板面)  has 361 cross points. The stones are placed on them. Weiqi is also called Go in the world. Learning it can not only improve people’s logical thinking ability, but it can also develop their calm character. That’s why it is more and more popular with modern people. In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Weiqi traveled to Japan, and then to Europe in the 19th century. Now it has grown into an international competition event. So far, people from over 40 countries have played it. Among them, players from China, Japan and South Korea have the highest level of Weiqi. On February 19, Chinese-English Dictionary of Weiqi Term (术语) came out in Beijing. It’s the first professional(专业的) dictionary about Weiqi in China. As a symbol of Chinese culture, Weiqi has its special language. The dictionary will serve as a necessary tool and bridge for spreading Weiqi culture. 1. When was Weiqi invented in China? A．In the BC800. B．In the BC480. C．In the AD480. D．In the AD 500. 2. What does the underlined word pieces in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese? A．碎片 B．棋子 C．零件 D．条/块 3. According to the passage, Weiqi can improve people’s ________. A．logical thinking ability B．language ability C．physical ability D．writing ability 4. From the passage, we can learn that ________. A．Weiqi’s board surface has 360 cross points B．Weiqi traveled to Japan and Europe in Qing Dynasty C．Chinese-English Dictionary of Weiqi is the only professional dictionary D．Weiqi is a symbol of Chinese culture 5. What is the best title of the passage? A．The advantages of Weiqi. B．The language of Weiqi. C．An introduction(介绍) of Weiqi. D．The ways of playing Weiqi. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. C 【导语】本文主要讲述了围棋的历史及发展。 1. 细节理解题。根据“Weiqi was invented in China in the BC480”可知，围棋发明于公元前480年。故选B。 2. 词义猜测题。根据“The playing pieces are called stones. One player uses the white stones and the other, black.”可知，一个玩家使用白子，另一个玩家使用黑子，由此可知，划线单词表示的是棋盘上的“棋子”。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据“Learning it can not only improve people’s logical thinking ability, but it can also develop their calm character.”可知，围棋能够提高人们的逻辑思维能力。故选A。 4. 细节理解题。根据“As a symbol of Chinese culture, Weiqi has its special language.”可知，围棋是中国文化的象征。故选D。 5. 最佳标题题。根据“As a traditional and meaningful board game, Weiqi was invented in China in the BC480 and it is still played until today.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了围棋，因此最佳标题为“围棋的介绍”。故选C。 23 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$