Unit4 Adversity And Courage Using Language语言点导学案-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第三册

语言点 Using Language Page44，45 (指示性缩略语说明：Para1,指课文第1段。Line1指本段第1行。Page44指课本第44页。相关类似) (粗体使用说明：粗体为重点记忆部分。) (附录一：练习答案。附录二：简编版短语。附录三：课文汉语译文) Exercise4, Line3, Page43 Qualities: loyal, kind, and calm. 品质：忠诚、善良、沉着。 loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的(loyally adv.忠诚地；忠实地 loyalty n．忠诚；忠实) be loyal to...忠诚于…… 完成句子 ①The scientist is loyal his cause and his constant (loyal) earns him a great reputation. ② and this is why he is popular with his teachers and classmates. 这个忠实的男孩总是忠实地对待他周围的人，这就是为什么他很受老师和同学们的欢迎。 Para1, Line3, Page44 What if they were delayed? 如果他们被耽搁了怎么办? What if…? 如果……将会怎样? 句式点拨 “What if…?”常用来提出假设、建议、邀请、要求等,意为“倘使……将会怎样/如果……将会怎样?”,后面经常跟一般现在时,有时根据语境判断也可以跟虚拟语气。 相关拓展 (1)How/What about doing…?……怎么样? (2)Why not…?为什么不……? 单句填空 ①Bob is a man of the world;　　　　　　not go to him for advice?   ②Tomorrow will be sunny. How about　　　　　(go) to Mount Gu for a picnic?   ③I don’t like to have you go boating in such weather. What 　　　　a storm should come up?   完成句子 ④[2023·浙江1月考] The thought of leaving them fills me with fear. 　? 　 ?  一想到要离开他们,我就害怕。如果他们其中一个摔倒了怎么办?如果他们一起跌倒了呢? Para1, Line4, Page44 There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up. 没有什么比一顿丰盛的晚餐和一点儿音乐更能让我们振作起来了。 There is/was nothing like…没有什么比……更…… 句式点拨 There is/was nothing like…是一个用来表达赞美的常见句型,意为“没有什么比……更……”。 相关拓展 nothing like 丝毫不像,一点不像 nothing better than…没有什么比……更好,最好的莫过于…… anything like与……相像 单句填空 ①There is nothing better　　　　a good rest when you are tired.  ②The town offers entertainments of a kind, but 　　　　like what you’ll find in the city.  ③The food here doesn’t taste 　　　　　　　　like what we had in Chinatown.  完成句子 ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when you are worn out after a busy day!   当你在忙碌了一天后疲惫不堪时,没有什么能比得上洗个热水澡了! ⑤The operation was performed in half an hour. To my astonishment, it was 　　　　　　　　　　　I had expected.  手术不到半个小时就完成了。让我惊讶的是手术根本不像我想的那么痛。 Para2, Line3, Page44 But how could we make fire? 但我们怎么生火呢? make fire生火 be on fire着火了 catch fire着火 set sth on fire＝set fire to sth放火；放火烧某物 play with fire玩火；冒险 完成短文 房间里太冷了，他不得不生火取暖，但他很快就睡着了。当他醒来时，他发现他的衣服着火了，房子也着火了。他立即冲了出去，报了警。经过仔细的调查，警察得出结论，是他自己烧着了房子。从那时起，他下定决心不再玩火。 It was so cold in the room that he had to to keep himself warm，but he soon fell asleep. When he woke up，he found his clothes and that the house was also . He rushed out immediately and called the police. After a careful investigation，the police drew the conclusion that it was he himself that . From then on，he made up his mind not again. Para2, Line4, Page44 This gave off oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds. 这会产生油腻的黑烟,但是就算在强风中,它也能一直燃烧。 give off　放出(热、光、气味或气体) give away　颁发,分发;泄露(秘密);赠送 give up 放弃;让出;认输 give in (to sb) (向某人)屈服,让步 give out 用完;分发;公布;停止运行 give way to 向……让步;被……代替 用give 短语的适当形式填空 ①The old teacher 　　　　　　　　all his books to the school last month.  ②Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won’t 　　　　　　　　waste gas.  ③Faced with difficulties, they never 　　　　　　but try their best to find a way out.  ④The truck refused to 　　　　　　　　the car, so they caused an accident.  完成句子 ⑤If more and more cars run in the street, a large volume of poisonous gas 　　　　　　　　, polluting the atmosphere.  如果街上行驶的汽车越来越多,大量的有毒气体会被释放出来,污染大气。 Para3, Line3, Page44 If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve.要不是有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。 if引导的虚拟条件句 本句为if引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反的假设。虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用： 虚拟条件句 主句 与现在事实相反的假设 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形 与过去事实相反的假设 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词 与将来事实相反的假设 (1)动词的过去式 (2)were to＋动词原形 (3)should＋动词原形 would/could/should/might＋动词原形 完成句子 ①If I hadn’t submitted myself to difficulties，I would (admit) to my ideal university. ②If I (see) him tomorrow，I would inform him of the good news that I ranked first in the competition held yesterday. ③ ，I would certainly make good use of the time to improve my performance at school and prepare myself well for the future. 如果我是你，我一定会好好利用这段时间来提高我在学校的表现，为自己的未来做好准备。 ④If I had followed my teacher’s advice， . 如果我遵循了老师的建议，我就会在比赛中获得一等奖。 Para5, Line4, Page45 This was an episode in my life that I would never forget. 这是我一生中永远不会忘记的一段经历。 episode n. (人生的)一段经历；插曲；(小说的)片段； (电视连续剧的)一集 例句 That was a particularly memorable episode in her career. 那是她职业生涯中一个特别难忘的片段。 The latest episode of the TV series will be aired tonight. 电视剧的最新一集将在今晚播出。 The flood was just one episode in a series of natural disasters. 这场洪水只是自然灾害系列中的一个片段。 单句填空/完成句子 ①He shared from his trip to Europe. 他分享了他在欧洲旅行中的一个有趣片段。 ②In the novel, the author describes several (episode) from the protagonist's life. 在这部小说中，作者描述了主人公生活中的几个片段。 ③One of in my life was my first day at high school. 我生命中最难忘的片段之一是我高中第一天的经历。 Para6, Line3, Page45 Our optimism and faith in Shackleton lad helped us persevere in staying alive. 乐观和对沙克尔顿的信任帮助我们坚持顽强地活了下来。 persevere vi.坚持；持之以恒；孜孜以求 persevere in (doing) sth.：坚持做某事（强调行为或活动） persevere with sth.：坚持某事（强调目标或计划） 短语区别: persevered in更常用于描述在某个行为或活动中的持续努力，通常与动名词（doing sth.）搭配。persevered with” 更常用于描述在某个目标、计划或梦想上的坚持，通常与名词或代词搭配。 例句 The team persevered through the tough season. 这支队伍在艰难的赛季中坚持了下来。 He persevered in his studies and eventually succeeded. 他持续努力学习，最终取得了成功。• She persevered with her dream of becoming a doctor. 她坚持实现成为医生的梦想。 She persevered in training for the marathon, running every morning without fail. → 她坚持不懈地为马拉松比赛做准备，每天早上都坚持跑步。 单句填空/完成句子 ①She persevered her research for many years. 她在研究中坚持了许多年。 ②He persevered in (write) his thesis, despite the difficulties in finding relevant data. 尽管在寻找相关数据时遇到困难，他仍然坚持撰写论文。 ③She through a difficult time, offering encouragement and a listening ear. 她坚持不懈地支持她的朋友度过艰难时期，提供鼓励和倾听。 Para6, Line4, Page45 And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death. 而他则用他的承诺回报了我们——把我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡线上拯救回来。 commitment　n.承诺;保证;奉献 (1)make a commitment to…对……做出承诺 commitment to sb/sth 对……的奉献/投入 (2)commit v. 犯(罪或错等);承诺,保证 commit to (doing) sth 承诺/致力于(做)某事 commit oneself to (doing) sth 致力于/献身于 (做)某事 (3)committed adj. 尽心尽力的;坚信的;坚定的 be committed to (doing) sth 致力于/献身于(做)某事 提示: commit/devote/dedicate oneself to (doing) sth表示“专心致志于(做)某事”, to是介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词。 例句： The company’s commitment to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success. 这家公司承诺供货质优价廉,这对它的成功至关重要。 单句填空 ①Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires 　　　　　　(commit) to a particular occupation, branch of study or research.  ②She is respected by her colleagues and regarded as a 　　　　　　(commit) teacher by her students.  ③ [2022·北京卷] I decided to commit to 　　　　(complete) the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature.  完成句子 ④[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] Recalling the past struggling days, I deeply sensed that it was my teacher’s encouragement, my family’s support, and 　　　　　　　　　　that made it all worthwhile.  回想起过去那段挣扎的日子,我深深地感到,正是老师的鼓励、家人的支持,以及我全心全意的投入,让这一切都变得值得。 ⑤The person I respect most is my uncle 　　　　　　　　　　　　/ 　　　　　　　　　　　　all his life.(应用文写作之人物描写)  我最尊敬的人是我的叔叔,他终生致力于治愈病人的疾病。 附录一：练习答案。 Exercise4, Line3, Page43 Keys: ①to, loyalty ②The loyal boy always treats those around him loyally Para1, Line3, Page44 Keys:①why　②going　③if　 Keys:④What if one of them falls over; What if they both have a fall together Para1, Line4, Page44 Keys:①than　②nothing　③anything　 Keys:④There is nothing like a hot bath　⑤nothing like as painful as Para2, Line3, Page44 Keys: make fire, caught fire, on fire, set his house on fire, to play with fire. Para2, Line4, Page44 Keys:①gave away　②give off　③give up　④give way to Keys:⑤will be given off Para3, Line3, Page44 Keys: ①have been admitted ②saw/were to see/should see Keys: ③If I were you ④I would have won the first prize in the competition Para5, Line4, Page45 Keys:①an interesting episode②episodes③the most memorable episodes Para6, Line3, Page45 Keys:①in ②writing ③persevered in supporting her friend Para6, Line4, Page45 Keys:①commitment　②committed　③completing　 Keys:④my wholehearted commitment　⑤who is committed to curing patients’ diseases; who commits himself to curing patients’ diseases 附录二：简编版短语。 1.sail away：驶离；扬帆远航Para1 2.ahead of：面临；在……之前Para1 3.what if：要是……又如何；万一……呢Para1 4.feel alone and desperate：感到孤独和绝望Para1 5.cheer up：振作起来；使……高兴Para1 6.fall into a regular pattern：陷入一个固定模式Para2 7.stay alive：保持生存；活着Para2 8.make fire：生火Para2 9.give off：散发；发出（光、热等Para2 10.pretty well：几乎Para3 11.burn our lungs：使肺部感到灼热Para4 12.discipline and team spirit：纪律和团队精神Para5 13.keep us optimistic：让我们保持乐观Para5 14.deal with：处理；应对Para5 15.in a positive and successful way：以积极且成功的方式Para5 16.celebrate our birthdays：庆祝我们的生日Para5 17.hide our tears：掩饰我们的泪水Para6 18.faith in：对……的信任Para6 19.persevere in staying alive：坚持活下去Para6 20.pay back：回报；偿还Para6 附录三：课文汉语译文 Using Language THE REWARD FOR PERSEVERANCE 锲而不舍的回报 We watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away from Elephant Island. It was easy to imagine the danger ahead of them. Would they ever return to find us? What might happen to them? What if they were delayed? We fell so alone and desperate. But it was not for long. There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up. 我们看着沙克尔顿和小船驶离大象岛。很容易想象他们将面临的危险。他们会回来找我们吗?他们可能会发生什么?如果他们被耽搁了怎么办?我们感到如此孤独和绝望。不过，这并没有持续很长时间。没有什么比得上一顿好饭和一点儿音乐能让我们振作起来了。 Life fell into a regular pattern. Staying alive took all our time and energy. For example, we needed water, and Elephant Island had none. We found that we could melt ice from the ocean and drink the water from it. But how could we make fire? There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat. This gave off oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds. 生活转入了常规。活下去耗费了我们所有的时间和精力。例如:我们需要水，而大象岛没有水。我们发现我们可以融化海洋中的冰块并饮用其中的水。但我们怎么生火呢?南极地区不长树，也没有油料，所以唯一可供我们用作燃料的便是动物脂肪。燃烧脂肪会产生油膩的黑烟，但它即使在强风中也能燃烧。 Food was also a problem, as we did not find any vegetables or fruit on the island. One of our group members, Lionel Greenstreet, noted in his diary about how bored he was with the meals: "The food now is pretty well all meat of sea creatures. If it weren’t for sea animals, we would all starve. As a chef. it was my duty to cook, so I tried to vary the meals in whatever way I could. But it was difficult. 食物也是个问题，因为我们在岛上没有找到蔬菜和水果。我们小组的一员，菜昂内尔・格林斯特里特在日记中提到他对菜是何其厌烦:“现在食物全是海洋生物的肉。”如果不是海洋动物，我们都会挨。作为厨师，做饭是我的职责，所以我想方设法去变化伙食的花样。但这可真不容易。 We had to be careful not to go outside too often, as the changing temperatures could make us ill. It was almost as dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes as to become too cold from wearing too few. The sweat could freeze very quickly. Many of us also became ill from the black smoke of the animal fat we burnt for our fires. It damaged our eyes and burnt our lungs. 我们必须小心，不要经常出门，因为变幻的温度可能会使我们生病。穿衣服太多而太热同穿得太少而变冷差不多一样危险。汗水可能很快就会结成冰。我们中的许多人还因为燃烧动物脂肪产生的黑烟而生病。它伤了我们的眼睛，烧伤了我们的肺。 The twenty-two of us lived like this in the cold for four months. Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way. We also celebrated our birthdays, festivals, and even the times when we caught a sea animal. This was an episode in my life that I would never forget. 我们22个人就这样在寒冷中生活了四个月。我们的纪律和团队合作精神使我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以积极的态度成功地克服了恐惧。我们还庆祝生日、庆祝节日，甚至捕获到一只海洋动物也庆祝一番。这是我一生中永远不会忘记的一段经历。 When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. We were at last free to go home to warm beds, good food and the care of our family and friends. Our optimism and faith in Shackleton lad helped us persevere in staying alive. And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death. 当我们最终获救时，我们长长得松了口气，欣喜不已，许多人忍不住流下了眼泪。我们终于可以自由地回家，躺在温暖的床上，品尝可口的食物，享受家庭和朋友的关爱了。乐观和对沙克尔顿的信任帮助我们坚持顽强地活了下来。他给我们的回报则是承诺返回岛上，并且把我们从缓慢而又痛苦的死亡中解救出来。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 语言点 Using Language Page44，45 (指示性缩略语说明：Para1,指课文第1段。Line1指本段第1行。Page44指课本第44页。相关类似) (颜色使用说明：红色为宏观位置提示。绿色为重要语言点提醒。紫色为必做笔记部分。) (附录一：简编版短语。附录二：课文汉语译文) Exercise4, Line3, Page43 Qualities: loyal, kind, and calm. 品质：忠诚、善良、沉着。 loyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的(loyally adv.忠诚地；忠实地 loyalty n．忠诚；忠实) be loyal to...忠诚于…… 完成句子 ①The scientist is loyal his cause and his constant (loyal) earns him a great reputation. ② and this is why he is popular with his teachers and classmates. 这个忠实的男孩总是忠实地对待他周围的人，这就是为什么他很受老师和同学们的欢迎。 Keys: ①to, loyalty ②The loyal boy always treats those around him loyally Para1, Line3, Page44 What if they were delayed? 如果他们被耽搁了怎么办? What if…? 如果……将会怎样? 句式点拨 “What if…?”常用来提出假设、建议、邀请、要求等,意为“倘使……将会怎样/如果……将会怎样?”,后面经常跟一般现在时,有时根据语境判断也可以跟虚拟语气。 相关拓展 (1)How/What about doing…?……怎么样? (2)Why not…?为什么不……? 单句填空 ①Bob is a man of the world;　　　　　　not go to him for advice?   ②Tomorrow will be sunny. How about　　　　　(go) to Mount Gu for a picnic?   ③I don’t like to have you go boating in such weather. What 　　　　a storm should come up?   Keys:①why　②going　③if　 完成句子 ④[2023·浙江1月考] The thought of leaving them fills me with fear. 　? 　 ?  一想到要离开他们,我就害怕。如果他们其中一个摔倒了怎么办?如果他们一起跌倒了呢? Keys:④What if one of them falls over; What if they both have a fall together Para1, Line4, Page44 There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up. 没有什么比一顿丰盛的晚餐和一点儿音乐更能让我们振作起来了。 There is/was nothing like…没有什么比……更…… 句式点拨 There is/was nothing like…是一个用来表达赞美的常见句型,意为“没有什么比……更……”。 相关拓展 nothing like 丝毫不像,一点不像 nothing better than…没有什么比……更好,最好的莫过于…… anything like与……相像 单句填空 ①There is nothing better　　　　a good rest when you are tired.  ②The town offers entertainments of a kind, but 　　　　like what you’ll find in the city.  ③The food here doesn’t taste 　　　　　　　　like what we had in Chinatown.  Keys:①than　②nothing　③anything　 完成句子 ④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when you are worn out after a busy day!   当你在忙碌了一天后疲惫不堪时,没有什么能比得上洗个热水澡了! ⑤The operation was performed in half an hour. To my astonishment, it was 　　　　　　　　　　　I had expected.  手术不到半个小时就完成了。让我惊讶的是手术根本不像我想的那么痛。 Keys:④There is nothing like a hot bath　⑤nothing like as painful as Para2, Line3, Page44 But how could we make fire? 但我们怎么生火呢? make fire生火 be on fire着火了 catch fire着火 set sth on fire＝set fire to sth放火；放火烧某物 play with fire玩火；冒险 完成短文 房间里太冷了，他不得不生火取暖，但他很快就睡着了。当他醒来时，他发现他的衣服着火了，房子也着火了。他立即冲了出去，报了警。经过仔细的调查，警察得出结论，是他自己烧着了房子。从那时起，他下定决心不再玩火。 It was so cold in the room that he had to to keep himself warm，but he soon fell asleep. When he woke up，he found his clothes and that the house was also . He rushed out immediately and called the police. After a careful investigation，the police drew the conclusion that it was he himself that . From then on，he made up his mind not again. Keys: make fire, caught fire, on fire, set his house on fire, to play with fire. Para2, Line4, Page44 This gave off oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds. 这会产生油腻的黑烟,但是就算在强风中,它也能一直燃烧。 give off　放出(热、光、气味或气体) give away　颁发,分发;泄露(秘密);赠送 give up 放弃;让出;认输 give in (to sb) (向某人)屈服,让步 give out 用完;分发;公布;停止运行 give way to 向……让步;被……代替 用give 短语的适当形式填空 ①The old teacher 　　　　　　　　all his books to the school last month.  ②Bicycles are environmentally friendly because they won’t 　　　　　　　　waste gas.  ③Faced with difficulties, they never 　　　　　　but try their best to find a way out.  ④The truck refused to 　　　　　　　　the car, so they caused an accident.  Keys:①gave away　②give off　③give up　④give way to 完成句子 ⑤If more and more cars run in the street, a large volume of poisonous gas 　　　　　　　　, polluting the atmosphere.  如果街上行驶的汽车越来越多,大量的有毒气体会被释放出来,污染大气。 Keys:⑤will be given off Para3, Line3, Page44 If it weren’t for sea animals，we would all starve.要不是有海洋生物，我们都得挨饿。 if引导的虚拟条件句 本句为if引导的虚拟条件句，叙述与现在事实相反的假设。虚拟语气在if虚拟条件句中的运用： 虚拟条件句 主句 与现在事实相反的假设 动词的过去式(be动词一般用were) would/could/should/might＋动词原形 与过去事实相反的假设 had＋过去分词 would/could/should/might＋have＋过去分词 与将来事实相反的假设 (1)动词的过去式 (2)were to＋动词原形 (3)should＋动词原形 would/could/should/might＋动词原形 完成句子 ①If I hadn’t submitted myself to difficulties，I would (admit) to my ideal university. ②If I (see) him tomorrow，I would inform him of the good news that I ranked first in the competition held yesterday. Keys: ①have been admitted ②saw/were to see/should see ③ ，I would certainly make good use of the time to improve my performance at school and prepare myself well for the future. 如果我是你，我一定会好好利用这段时间来提高我在学校的表现，为自己的未来做好准备。 ④If I had followed my teacher’s advice， . 如果我遵循了老师的建议，我就会在比赛中获得一等奖。 Keys: ③If I were you ④I would have won the first prize in the competition Para5, Line4, Page45 This was an episode in my life that I would never forget. 这是我一生中永远不会忘记的一段经历。 episode n. (人生的)一段经历；插曲；(小说的)片段； (电视连续剧的)一集 例句 That was a particularly memorable episode in her career. 那是她职业生涯中一个特别难忘的片段。 The latest episode of the TV series will be aired tonight. 电视剧的最新一集将在今晚播出。 The flood was just one episode in a series of natural disasters. 这场洪水只是自然灾害系列中的一个片段。 单句填空/完成句子 ①He shared from his trip to Europe. 他分享了他在欧洲旅行中的一个有趣片段。 ②In the novel, the author describes several (episode) from the protagonist's life. 在这部小说中，作者描述了主人公生活中的几个片段。 ③One of in my life was my first day at high school. 我生命中最难忘的片段之一是我高中第一天的经历。 Keys:①an interesting episode②episodes③the most memorable episodes Para6, Line3, Page45 Our optimism and faith in Shackleton lad helped us persevere in staying alive. 乐观和对沙克尔顿的信任帮助我们坚持顽强地活了下来。 persevere vi.坚持；持之以恒；孜孜以求 persevere in (doing) sth.：坚持做某事（强调行为或活动） persevere with sth.：坚持某事（强调目标或计划） 短语区别: persevered in更常用于描述在某个行为或活动中的持续努力，通常与动名词（doing sth.）搭配。persevered with” 更常用于描述在某个目标、计划或梦想上的坚持，通常与名词或代词搭配。 例句 The team persevered through the tough season. 这支队伍在艰难的赛季中坚持了下来。 He persevered in his studies and eventually succeeded. 他持续努力学习，最终取得了成功。• She persevered with her dream of becoming a doctor. 她坚持实现成为医生的梦想。 She persevered in training for the marathon, running every morning without fail. → 她坚持不懈地为马拉松比赛做准备，每天早上都坚持跑步。 单句填空/完成句子 ①She persevered her research for many years. 她在研究中坚持了许多年。 ②He persevered in (write) his thesis, despite the difficulties in finding relevant data. 尽管在寻找相关数据时遇到困难，他仍然坚持撰写论文。 ③She through a difficult time, offering encouragement and a listening ear. 她坚持不懈地支持她的朋友度过艰难时期，提供鼓励和倾听。 Keys:①in ②writing ③persevered in supporting her friend Para6, Line4, Page45 And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death. 而他则用他的承诺回报了我们——把我们从缓慢而痛苦的死亡线上拯救回来。 commitment　n.承诺;保证;奉献 (1)make a commitment to…对……做出承诺 commitment to sb/sth 对……的奉献/投入 (2)commit v. 犯(罪或错等);承诺,保证 commit to (doing) sth 承诺/致力于(做)某事 commit oneself to (doing) sth 致力于/献身于 (做)某事 (3)committed adj. 尽心尽力的;坚信的;坚定的 be committed to (doing) sth 致力于/献身于(做)某事 提示: commit/devote/dedicate oneself to (doing) sth表示“专心致志于(做)某事”, to是介词, 后接名词、代词或动名词。 例句： The company’s commitment to providing quality at a reasonable price has been vital to its success. 这家公司承诺供货质优价廉,这对它的成功至关重要。 单句填空 ①Society pushes us to specialize, to become experts. This requires 　　　　　　(commit) to a particular occupation, branch of study or research.  ②She is respected by her colleagues and regarded as a 　　　　　　(commit) teacher by her students.  ③ [2022·北京卷] I decided to commit to 　　　　(complete) the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature.  Keys:①commitment　②committed　③completing　 完成句子 ④[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷读后续写] Recalling the past struggling days, I deeply sensed that it was my teacher’s encouragement, my family’s support, and 　　　　　　　　　　that made it all worthwhile.  回想起过去那段挣扎的日子,我深深地感到,正是老师的鼓励、家人的支持,以及我全心全意的投入,让这一切都变得值得。 ⑤The person I respect most is my uncle 　　　　　　　　　　　　/ 　　　　　　　　　　　　all his life.(应用文写作之人物描写)  我最尊敬的人是我的叔叔,他终生致力于治愈病人的疾病。 Keys:④my wholehearted commitment　⑤who is committed to curing patients’ diseases; who commits himself to curing patients’ diseases 附录一：常用简易短语 1.sail away：驶离；扬帆远航Para1 2.ahead of：面临；在……之前Para1 3.what if：要是……又如何；万一……呢Para1 4.feel alone and desperate：感到孤独和绝望Para1 5.cheer up：振作起来；使……高兴Para1 6.fall into a regular pattern：陷入一个固定模式Para2 7.stay alive：保持生存；活着Para2 8.make fire：生火Para2 9.give off：散发；发出（光、热等Para2 10.pretty well：几乎Para3 11.burn our lungs：使肺部感到灼热Para4 12.discipline and team spirit：纪律和团队精神Para5 13.keep us optimistic：让我们保持乐观Para5 14.deal with：处理；应对Para5 15.in a positive and successful way：以积极且成功的方式Para5 16.celebrate our birthdays：庆祝我们的生日Para5 17.hide our tears：掩饰我们的泪水Para6 18.faith in：对……的信任Para6 19.persevere in staying alive：坚持活下去Para6 20.pay back：回报；偿还Para6 附录二：课文汉语译文 Using Language THE REWARD FOR PERSEVERANCE 锲而不舍的回报 We watched as Shackleton and the boat sailed away from Elephant Island. It was easy to imagine the danger ahead of them. Would they ever return to find us? What might happen to them? What if they were delayed? We fell so alone and desperate. But it was not for long. There was nothing like a good dinner and some music to cheer us up. 我们看着沙克尔顿和小船驶离大象岛。很容易想象他们将面临的危险。他们会回来找我们吗?他们可能会发生什么?如果他们被耽搁了怎么办?我们感到如此孤独和绝望。不过，这并没有持续很长时间。没有什么比得上一顿好饭和一点儿音乐能让我们振作起来了。 Life fell into a regular pattern. Staying alive took all our time and energy. For example, we needed water, and Elephant Island had none. We found that we could melt ice from the ocean and drink the water from it. But how could we make fire? There were no trees growing on Antarctica and no oil, so the only fuel we could use was animal fat. This gave off oily, black smoke, but it stayed burning even in strong winds. 生活转入了常规。活下去耗费了我们所有的时间和精力。例如:我们需要水，而大象岛没有水。我们发现我们可以融化海洋中的冰块并饮用其中的水。但我们怎么生火呢?南极地区不长树，也没有油料，所以唯一可供我们用作燃料的便是动物脂肪。燃烧脂肪会产生油膩的黑烟，但它即使在强风中也能燃烧。 Food was also a problem, as we did not find any vegetables or fruit on the island. One of our group members, Lionel Greenstreet, noted in his diary about how bored he was with the meals: "The food now is pretty well all meat of sea creatures. If it weren’t for sea animals, we would all starve. As a chef. it was my duty to cook, so I tried to vary the meals in whatever way I could. But it was difficult. 食物也是个问题，因为我们在岛上没有找到蔬菜和水果。我们小组的一员，菜昂内尔・格林斯特里特在日记中提到他对菜是何其厌烦:“现在食物全是海洋生物的肉。”如果不是海洋动物，我们都会挨。作为厨师，做饭是我的职责，所以我想方设法去变化伙食的花样。但这可真不容易。 We had to be careful not to go outside too often, as the changing temperatures could make us ill. It was almost as dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes as to become too cold from wearing too few. The sweat could freeze very quickly. Many of us also became ill from the black smoke of the animal fat we burnt for our fires. It damaged our eyes and burnt our lungs. 我们必须小心，不要经常出门，因为变幻的温度可能会使我们生病。穿衣服太多而太热同穿得太少而变冷差不多一样危险。汗水可能很快就会结成冰。我们中的许多人还因为燃烧动物脂肪产生的黑烟而生病。它伤了我们的眼睛，烧伤了我们的肺。 The twenty-two of us lived like this in the cold for four months. Our discipline and team spirit kept us optimistic and helped us deal with our fears in a positive and successful way. We also celebrated our birthdays, festivals, and even the times when we caught a sea animal. This was an episode in my life that I would never forget. 我们22个人就这样在寒冷中生活了四个月。我们的纪律和团队合作精神使我们保持乐观，并帮助我们以积极的态度成功地克服了恐惧。我们还庆祝生日、庆祝节日，甚至捕获到一只海洋动物也庆祝一番。这是我一生中永远不会忘记的一段经历。 When we were finally rescued, we felt such relief and joy that many of us could not hide our tears. We were at last free to go home to warm beds, good food and the care of our family and friends. Our optimism and faith in Shackleton lad helped us persevere in staying alive. And he paid us back by his commitment to save us from a slow but painful death. 当我们最终获救时，我们长长得松了口气，欣喜不已，许多人忍不住流下了眼泪。我们终于可以自由地回家，躺在温暖的床上，品尝可口的食物，享受家庭和朋友的关爱了。乐观和对沙克尔顿的信任帮助我们坚持顽强地活了下来。他给我们的回报则是承诺返回岛上，并且把我们从缓慢而又痛苦的死亡中解救出来。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$