04.Unit 1 This is me(主题阅读)-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024)

2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024) Unit 1 This is me主题阅读 必备知识清单 单元主题阅读 聚焦自我认知 一、主题内涵 自我认知从本质上来说，是个体对自身诸多方面的深入理解与反思。这其中涵盖了性格特点，比如是开朗外向还是内敛含蓄；能力范畴，像具备何种学习能力、运动能力等；价值观层面，即个人所秉持的对于事物的重要性判断和是非观念；兴趣爱好，例如喜爱绘画、音乐或者阅读等；以及成长经历，包含过往的成功与失败、重要事件等。自我认知是新课标 “人与自我” 主题语境里的核心内容。 在英语阅读领域，涉及自我认知主题的文章，常常以记叙文的形式来展现。它们通过讲述生动的人物故事，巧妙地引导读者深入思考一系列关键问题，诸如 “我是谁”，这关乎对自身本质的探寻；“我擅长什么”，旨在明确自身优势；“我如何与他人互动”，侧重于人际交往模式的思考。此类文章在助力学生学习英语语言知识的同时，着重培养他们的自我反思能力，促使学生能够不断审视自己，以及批判性思维，让学生在面对各种信息和情境时，能够理性分析、客观判断。 二、主题词汇 1. 名词 identity（身份；特性） 例句：Our identity is shaped by our experiences and choices.（我们的身份由经历和选择塑造。） personality（性格；个性） 例句：She has a cheerful personality and makes friends easily.（她性格开朗，容易交朋友。） confidence（自信） 例句：Building confidence helps us face challenges bravely.（建立自信帮助我们勇敢面对挑战。） hobby（爱好） 例句：Reading and painting are my favorite hobbies.（阅读和绘画是我最喜欢的爱好。） challenge（挑战） 例句：Overcoming challenges makes us stronger.（克服挑战让我们更强大。） 2. 形容词 outgoing（外向的） 例句：He is outgoing and enjoys participating in group activities.（他性格外向，喜欢参加团体活动。） responsible（负责的） 例句：A responsible student always finishes homework on time.（一个负责的学生总是按时完成作业。） talented（有天赋的） 例句：She is talented in music and can play the piano well.（她在音乐方面有天赋，钢琴弹得很好。） unique（独特的） 例句：Each person has a unique way of solving problems.（每个人都有独特的解决问题的方式。） 3. 动词 realize（意识到） 例句：I realize the importance of self-discipline.（我意识到自律的重要性。） improve（提升） 例句：We should try to improve our weaknesses.（我们应该努力改进自己的不足。） reflect（反思） 例句：Taking time to reflect helps us understand ourselves better.（花时间反思有助于我们更好地了解自己。） 三、主题句式 1. 描述性格与能力 ①基本句型：I am + 形容词. 例句：I am friendly and generous.（我友好且慷慨。） ②She/He is good at + 名词 / 动名词. 例句：He is good at math and often helps classmates.（他擅长数学，经常帮助同学。） 2. 表达兴趣与爱好 ①常用结构：My favorite hobby is + 名词 / 动名词. 例句：My favorite hobby is reading books.（我最喜欢的爱好是读书。） ②I enjoy + 动名词. 例句：I enjoy playing basketball with friends.（我喜欢和朋友一起打篮球。） 3. 反思成长与变化 ①经典句式：Over the years, I have learned to...（多年来，我学会了……） 例句：Over the years, I have learned to face failure bravely.（多年来，我学会了勇敢面对失败。） ②I realize that...（我意识到……） 例句：I realize that patience is important in learning English.（我意识到耐心在学习英语中很重要。） 4. 总结自我认知 ①总结句型：Knowing myself helps me...（了解自己帮助我……） 例句：Knowing myself helps me set realistic goals.（了解自己帮助我设定现实的目标。） ②Everyone is unique, and I am proud of...（每个人都是独特的，我为…… 感到自豪。） 例句：Everyone is unique, and I am proud of my creativity.（每个人都是独特的，我为自己的创造力感到自豪。） 四、阅读策略 1. 识别主题句：在阅读过程中，要着重关注文章开头或结尾部分所呈现的总结性语句。这些总结句往往如同文章的灯塔，能够为读者指引理解文章核心内容的方向。例如，像 “Understanding oneself is the key to personal growth.” 这样的句子，直接点明了了解自己与个人成长之间的关键联系，让读者迅速把握文章围绕自我认知与成长这一主题展开。 2. 注意关键词：为了更好地把握文章主旨，需要特别留意那些与自我认知紧密相关的词汇。可以通过圈出这些词汇的方式，强化对它们的关注。比如 identity（身份认同）、personality（个性）、confidence（自信）等词汇，它们如同线索，贯穿于文章之中，帮助读者梳理文章在自我认知方面所阐述的观点和内容。 3. 分析人物行为：深入分析文章中人物的行为表现是理解文章内涵的重要途径。通过仔细观察人物的各种选择、他们之间的对话以及所经历的事件，我们能够从中推断出人物的性格特点和其所秉持的价值观。具体而言，倘若文章中的主人公主动向他人伸出援手，这种行为便清晰地反映出其 kind - hearted（善良的）性格特征；要是主人公面对诸多困难，却始终坚持不懈，最终成功完成任务，这无疑充分体现了其 perseverance（毅力）。 4. 联系自身经历：将文章内容与自身的生活实际相联系，能够极大地加深我们对文章主题的理解。在阅读时，可以多进行自我提问，例如 “Do I have similar hobbies or challenges as the character?”（我和主人公有相似的爱好或挑战吗？）通过这种方式，将文章所传达的信息与自己的生活体验相结合，使我们对文章主题的感悟更加深刻，也能从阅读中获得更多对自身生活有启示意义的内容。 核心知识回顾 聚焦自我认知的阅读语篇常见结构 一、总分总结构（最经典结构） 1. 引言段：情境导入 + 主题句 功能：通过生活场景（如考试后反思、朋友评价）引发共鸣，明确 “自我认知” 的意义。 例句： After failing the math test, I wrote in my diary: ‘Why did I make so many mistakes?’ This small act helped me realise I needed to focus more in class. 主题句位置：段首或段尾，如 “Knowing yourself is the first step to growing up.” 2. 主体段：3W 结构（What-How-Why） ① What：自我认知是什么？ 定义 + 具象化：通过比喻（“镜子”“地图”）解释抽象概念。 例句：Self-awareness is like a mirror—it shows your strengths (you’re good at listening) and weaknesses (you easily forget homework). ② How：如何认知自我？ 分3个可操作的方法： 自我反思：日记、错题本：I have written diaries for 3 months, and I’ve found I’m happier when I exercise. 他人反馈：朋友 / 家人的评价：My best friend said I’m kind, but sometimes too shy. 行动探索：Trying the guitar was scary, but I realised I love music. ③ Why：为什么重要？ 联系生活：更好的选择、更少的困惑（如选社团、处理矛盾）。 例句：When I knew I hated crowded★ places (Unit 1 词汇), I chose a quiet art club instead of noisy basketball. 3. 结论段：升华 + 行动号召 情感共鸣：用成长型语言（“每天进步一点点”）。 例句：Self-awareness isn’t about being perfect—it’s about being truly★ you. Start today: What’s one thing you want to learn about yourself? 二、故事型结构 1. 冲突引入 主角的困惑：如 “I thought I was lazy until my teacher said I’m good at solving problems.” 2. 事件发展（3 个关键节点） ① 触发事件：考试失利、朋友建议等（如捡到日记，发现自己的优点）。 ② 探索过程：尝试新方法（写反思清单、采访朋友），使用现在完成时强调变化：“Since I started the ‘3-good-things’ list, I’ve found I’m helpful, creative, and ... not lazy at all!” ③ 转折点：通过具体事件（如主动帮助同学）验证自我认知。 3. 感悟升华 点明主题：The mirror doesn’t lie—but sometimes we need to look twice to see the truth.（呼应引言的 “镜子” 比喻，形成结构闭环） 三、问题解决型结构 1. 现象描述 初中生的普遍困惑：Many of us think:“Why am I so different from my friends?” 2. 问题分析 原因 1：自我忽视（We’re too busy studying to think about our feelings.） 原因 2：过度在意他人评价（We worry if we’re ‘cool enough’ instead of being ourselves.） 3. 解决方案（3 步行动） Step 1 每日 5 分钟反思：用问题引导（What made me proud today?） Step 2 制作 “我的优点卡”：收集他人的赞美（My mom said I’m patient—now I believe her!） Step 3 小冒险计划：每周尝试 1 件小事（I tried speaking up in class—turns out I’m brave!） 4. 结果验证 用数据 / 实例证明改变：After two months, I’ve listed 50 strengths and made friends who love the real me. 四、对比型结构 1. 过去 vs 现在（时间对比） 过去：“Last year, I thought being popular meant copying others.” 现在：“Now I know being true to myself is cooler.” （结合现在完成时：“I have stopped comparing myself to others.”） 2. 自我 vs 他人（视角对比） 自我认知：“I always thought I was bad at sports.” 他人视角：“My PE teacher said I’m a fast runner—I just needed confidence!” （对应词汇表：value 价值，他人反馈的价值） 3. 理想 vs 现实（认知升级） 理想：“I wanted to be a perfect student like Anna.” 现实：“I’m not Anna, but I’m good at art—a talent I never noticed before.” 综合实战演练 1 ①Healthy eating habit along with regular (有规律的) exercise is the best way to become fit. If you have the correct number of energy and exercise regularly, you will lose weight (重量), keep fit, and feel great, too. ②During your teenage years (青少年时期), it is important to give your body the energy it needs, it’s good for your growth. If you don’t have meals, you won’t get enough calories, and then you will feel tired. By the way, calorie is just another word for energy. About 50% of your calories should come from rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses a day. Water helps keep your system clean. Drinking enough water will make your skin better and make you healthy. ③Exercise is something that can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. Doctors suggest that teenagers should spend at least 30 minutes exercising a day, five times a week. That is easy to do! You can walk or ride your bike to school, and do sports at school. However, teenagers often don’t do that, saying they have no time left after their studies. In fact, doing exercise can help them sleep better at night and pay more attention to their studies. ④If you follow the suggestions above, you will look and feel much better and become fit. 1．If you have healthy eating habits along with regular exercise, you won’t ________. A．feel terrible B．keep healthy C．lose weight D．feel good 2．What does the underlined word “calories” mean according to the passage? A．Water. B．Bread. C．Rice. D．Energy. 3．According to this passage, teenagers should spend at least ________ minutes exercising a week. A．30 B．50 C．150 D．350 4．What’s the structure (结构) of this passage? (①=paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ③=Paragraph 3, ……) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．How to eat food. B．How to exercise. C．How to keep healthy. D．How to lose weight. 2 Why not find a new friend in 2024—yourself! You may want to get love and care from a good friendship. Well, you shouldn’t have to go far to find them. Loving yourself, also called self-love, means being as kind to yourself as you are to others. Give yourself the love and care you should give your friends and family. Becky Goddard-Hill, the writer of Create Your Own Confidence, says it means speaking to yourself with kindness. It also means taking really good care of your body and mind. Studies show that self-love is good for your schoolwork, health and friendships. Self-love makes you believe in yourself. It makes you feel that you deserve (值得) good things, such as kind friends and fun experiences. It doesn’t mean you’ll be happy all the time, but when you face difficulties, you won’t upset yourself. Start by being kind instead of being angry. When you make a mistake, don’t get angry with yourself. Tell yourself that everyone makes mistakes sometimes. Then work out what you could do differently next time. Remember that no one is perfect. Becky suggests writing down your strengths (优点) as they can help you remember how excellent you are. “Looking at the list often will help bring out the best in you,” says Becky. 1．Which of the following might the writer of the passage agree with? A．Good friends are hard to find. B．We should give friends love and care. C．New friends are usually better than old ones. D．We should take our friends' advice  most of the time. 2．Which shows the right order of the information in this passage? A．Meanings→Reasons→Ways B．Ways→Reasons→Meaning C．Meanings→Ways→Reasons D．Reasons→Ways Meanings 3．What should you do when you make a mistake? A．Learn from the mistake and avoid（避免） it next time. B．Get angry with yourself and keep it in your mind. C．Tell yourself that people always make mistakes. D．Remember that no one is perfect and forget it quickly. 4．Which should not be on the list mentioned in the last paragraph? A．Tina thinks I’m helpful. B．I’m good at playing soccer. C．Wendy often disagrees with me. D．I won third prize in the high jump. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Believe in yourself B．Learn from past mistakes C．Be a friend of yourself D．Treat people with love and care 3 When I was just beginning to learn English, I had an important lesson. Our teacher wrote some words on the blackboard and asked us to copy them down. When I started writing, I found there was a spelling mistake. However, I didn’t point out the mistake at first. I wondered if it would be polite to point out a mistake in the very first lesson. But then I thought of something important: not everything we learn from books, or on the blackboard, is right. So I decided to put up my hand and speak. “Excuse me,” I said, “there seems to be a mistake.” To my surprise, the teacher smiled and thanked me. She said I was careful and told all the students to always remember the importance of independent (独立) thinking just like me. That experience taught me an important lesson: it’s OK to speak up when something doesn’t seem right, even if you’re just starting to learn. It’s important to think for ourselves and not be afraid to ask question. 1．What did the teacher ask the students do? A．To have a test. B．To copy down some words. C．To write a story. D．To learn grammar rules. 2．Why didn’t the writer point out the mistake at first? A．He was not sure if he was right. B．He was too shy to speak in class. C．He didn’t want to make the teacher angry. D．He thought it might be impolite in the first lesson. 3．What can you infer (推断) from Paragraph 4? A．The teacher made mistakes to test students. B．The teacher was surprised with the mistake. C．The teacher liked what the writer did in class. D．The teacher didn’t like the students pointing out her mistake. 4．What lesson did the writer learn from this experience? A．To always trust the teacher. B．How to correct spelling mistakes. C．English is a difficult subject to learn. D．The importance of speaking up and independent thinking. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The importance of learning English. B．The relationship between students and teachers. C．The advice of solving different kinds of problems. D．The writer’s first English class experience and the lesson he learned. 4 Last weekend, I read an article online about a 10-year-old boy in Thailand. He didn’t want to go to school, so his mother made him go out to the street and collect waste (捡废品) to make money. It made me think of one of my unforgettable experiences. Last winter, I didn’t want to go to school because I was sad about my exam grades. My parents were very angry with me. My father asked me to find a part-time job during the winter vacation. Because I didn’t have any work experience. The boss (老板) just asked me to send newspapers. At the beginning, I thought that it would be easy. To my surprise, when I went to people’s houses, they started to look me up and down. I could feel they looked down on me. I felt uncomfortable. Then I went to one house, a black dog jumped out suddenly (突然). I was so afraid that I shouted loudly. But no one came to help me. At that time, I knew sending newspapers was a lot more difficult than reading a book in the classroom. I thought about giving up (放弃), but I didn’t, I tried my best to finish the job. Although I was very tired, I could do the job better after some time. Now, I am back in the classroom and studying harder than ever before. And I am also more outgoing and happier. As long as I don’t lose heart and work harder, I will do better in studying. 1．Why did the writer want to give up his study? A．He did badly in the exam. B．He wanted to make money. C．He had a fight with his father. D．He wanted an unforgettable experience. 2．Which is the right order of the following events? ①I work harder at school. ②People looked down on me. ③I kept on sending newspapers. ④I found a part-time job. ⑤A dog jumped out suddenly but no one helped me. A．①②③④⑤ B．②③④⑤① C．④②⑤③① D．②④⑤③① 3．What did the writer probably think of his experience last winter? A．Worrying. B．Relaxing. C．Easy. D．Meaningful. 5 A father was very worried about his son, who, at 15 or 16 years old, seemed to show no signs of courage (勇气). In daily life, the boy would shy away from any challenges (挑战), whether it was trying a new sport at school or speaking up in clash. So, the father went to see a famous boxing (拳击) coach and asked him to help his son. The coach agreed and said, “ Leave your son with me. In three months, I promise he will be a changed person. However, you must not visit him during this time.” The father agreed. Three months later, the father returned to pick up his son as promised. The coach held a friendly match between the boy and an experienced boxer to show the training results. As soon as the match began, the boy was knocked down hard. But to everyone’s surprise, he quickly got up and faced his opponent (对手) again. He was knocked down again right away, but quickly jumped back to his feet. This happened again and again. The boy was knocked down 16 times, yet each time he stood up, decided to face the challenge. Sweat ran down his face and he held his fists tight, which showed he was really brave. The coach turned to the father and asked, “Do you think your son’s action shows courage? “ I’m so sad. I never thought that after sending him here for three months of training, he would still get knocked down so easily, “the father replied. The coach shook his head and said, “I really feel sorry for you. You’re missing the point. You only see the foils, the superficial (表面上的) winning or losing. Don’t you see the courage of your son to get up each time? That’s true strength. A strong person isn’t someone who never falls, but someone who rises every time they do. That’s true courage.” 1．Why did the father want his son to learn boxing? A．To train him to be braver. B．To make his body stronger. C．To make him learn to follow rules. D．To help him become an excellent boxer. 2．What happened to the boy during the friendly match? A．He refused (拒绝) to fight back. B．He won the match easily. C．He got knocked down many times. D．He couldn’t get up at the end of the match. 3．How did the father feel at first about the result of the match? A．He felt unhappy. B．He was angry. C．He felt bored. D．He was excited. 4．Why did the coach think the boy showed true strength? A．He never felt sorry for himself. B．He won the match in the end. C．He kept on training for three months. D．He was brave enough to get up after each fall. 6 In the past, asking local people for directions was the most reliable (可靠的) way to find your way. They knew not only the way, but also the traffic, interesting places to visit, and the most famous restaurant nearby. Today, technology (技术) offers new ways to guide, such as online driving-directions and smartphones with navigation apps (导航软件). People don’t have to ask others for directions very often, for the directions are always in your pocket, as long as you have enough battery (电源) life and a data (数据) collection. In the past few years, I didn’t have a chance to travel or ask for directions because I was busy working. But yesterday, when driving to another city, I took wrong turns and lost my way. With my phone battery dead and no navigation device (设备) in my car, I had to stop and ask for help. I saw an old man coming out of a house and asked if he knew the way to the city. At first he was a little cautious because he didn’t know who I was, but when I told him that I had no technology to help me, he relaxed and started giving advice. He warned (警告) me of the exit that could be easily missed and advised some places to have lunch. We talked about the rain, guessing whether it would soon stop, then said goodbye, and I went on my way. Finally, I arrived at my hotel. Even though it rained all the time and I spent a good part of the drive in traffic, I felt wonderful. It is nice to know that a stranger really would like to spend some time helping me. I wish that I would ask for directions more often, not only while traveling, but also in everyday life. The directions I will get may not always be right, but they will always come from the heart. 1．What can we infer (推断) from the first two paragraphs? A．Technology makes it more difficult to guide. B．People know the way well in modern society. C．The way of getting directions has changed a lot. D．Asking local people for directions is not reliable now. 2．We don’t have to ask others for directions today because ________. A．the traffic has changed a lot B．smartphones have become cheaper C．people now use navigation technology D．local people no longer know the area well 3．What does the underlined word “ cautious” in the fourth paragraph mean? A．honest B．careful C．angry D．excited 4．How did the writer feel after arriving at the hotel? A．He felt bored with the man. B．He felt touched by the old man’s help. C．He felt bad because of the heavy traffic. D．He felt wonderful because the rain stopped. 7 When I was in the eighth grade, my class was asked to be friends with the second-grade kids. I got this little girl named Shelley. The first time I saw her, she was silent and cold. She was small for her age, and she didn’t play with the other kids in her class. ▲ . I bought her toys, crayons and candies, but nothing worked. Once I gave her a coloring book and said, “Shelley, now you can color it at anytime.” Shelley looked at the coloring book and then looked up at me, and finally looked away. By that time, I didn’t know how I was going to make her understand me, but I knew I wouldn’t give up on her. One Friday, I decided to tell her a story about my childhood. I told her that I felt lonely when I was with my classmates, and I thought only my teachers liked me. I also told her that every day was a fight for me. I always cried alone so my classmates wouldn’t know how much I was hurting. She sat there just listening, trying to decide if I was telling a lie. Finally, when my story ended, there were tears in her eyes. And then she did something unthinkable. She said, “Thank you.” From then on, Shelley was a different little girl. She started smiling and talking with other kids. Looking back at this, I’m surprised because all I did was to help her realize that she wasn’t alone. I didn’t ask her to tell her story because her story is my story. 1．What was Shelley like when the writer first saw her? A．Cold. B．Lazy. C．Smart. D．Slow. 2．Which of the sentences can we put in ▲ ? A．I thought of some ideas to help her study. B．I decided to play an interesting game with her. C．I tried all kinds of things to get her to talk to me. D．I invited her to join in some activities after class. 3．How did the writer get the little girl to understand her? A．She wrote her a book. B．She made her a toy. C．She drew her a picture. D．She told her a story. 4．Shelley changed a lot because she realized that ________. A．her teachers loved her B．her classmates were kind C．the writer understood her D．she had to study even harder 5．From the article, we can see that the writer is ________. A．honest and works very hard B．friendly and doesn’t give up easily C．afraid but has pity on others D．helpful and has a good sense of humor 8 Every year, wildfires destroy (毁坏) tens of thousands of square kilometers of forest land. People lose their homes. Some are hurt or even killed. Smoke jumpers help to stop this. Smoke jumpers are special firefighters. Some fires are in hard-to-reach places, such as in the middle of a mountain forest. These firefighters jump from planes or are lowered into those areas by helicopters. When they arrive, smoke jumpers first check the land and decide how to fight the fire. Their main job is to stop the fire from spreading (蔓延) until other firefighters arrive. Then smoke jumpers use shovels or axes to clear the land of burnable things, like dry grass and dead trees. They carry water with them too, but not a lot. Although most smoke jumpers are men, more women are joining now. The most important factors (因素) are how tall and how heavy they are. Smoke jumpers in the U. S., for example, must be between 54 and 91 kilos. This way, they don’t get blown away by the strong winds or get hurt when they land. Smoke jumpers also need to know how to survive (生存) in the wild. In Russia, many smoke jumpers know how to find food in the forest and can even make simple furniture from trees. 1．How do smoke jumpers get to the hard-to-reach places? A．By hiking through the forest. B．By driving fire trucks to the forest. C．By using shoves and axes to clear the land. D．By jumping from planes or being lowered by helicopters. 2．After reaching a fire place, a smoke jumper first ________. A．clears the land B．looks for water C．checks the land D．calls other firefighters 3．From paragraph 4 we know about smoke jumpers’ ________. A．hobbies and habits B．features and skills C．questions and results D．pleasure and worries 4．What can we learn about smoke jumpers from the passage? A．They must be very tall and thin. B．They don’t need to work at night at all. C．They must know how to survive in the wild. D．They need to carry a lot of water with them. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．Who smoke jumpers are and what they do. B．Why people want to become smoke jumpers. C．What the life of a Russian smoke jumper is like. D．How smoke jumpers stop the fire from spreading. 9 Class is over and a reporter (记者) for the school newspaper is interviewing a student named Rosa. Reporter: What are your favourite and least favourite subjects? Rosa: My favourite subject is history because I enjoy learning about ancient things and people. My least favourite subject is physics. I think it is too boring. Reporter: What is something new you have learned about yourself? Rosa: I have learned that I am quite good at public speaking. I felt confident when giving a speech in public. Reporter: How does your best friend describe you? Rosa: I hope she thinks I am kind and funny, but I guess she also thinks I am a little bit silly sometimes. We love to tell each other jokes and make up fun dances on the playground. Reporter: What do you like doing in your free time? Rosa: I like swimming. I often go swimming at the swimming pool with my sister. I also like playing sports with my friends. We are a small group that likes to play different sports together. 1．Why doesn’t Rosa like physics? A．Because she doesn’t know its history. B．Because she likes ancient things. C．Because other people don’t like it. D．Because she thinks it’s boring. 2．How does Rosa feel when she gives a speech in public? A．Confident. B．Nervous. C．Excited. D．Terrible. 3．Where do Rosa and her best friend make up dances? A．In the club. B．On the playground. C．In the hall. D．In the classroom. 4．Who does Rosa play sports with? A．Her sister. B．Her brother. C．Her friends. D．Her classmates. 5．What can we know about Rosa? A．She is good at all subjects. B．She and her best friend like studying together. C．She often goes swimming with her brother. D．She has many hobbies and a diverse personality (多样的个性). 10 Once, in a village, lived a little boy named Jacob. He was famous for running fast. What’s more, winning a competition (比赛) was the most important thing for him. One day, Jacob took part in a running competition in the village. In the competition, he competed with two other young boys. As the first race started, the excited crowd waved at Jacob and cried out his name. The boy called on his determination (决心) and strength, and he was the first one who came to the finishing line. The little boy felt proud. Later, the second race was called. Another two young and strong challengers (挑战者) came forward and ran with Jacob. As expected, he finished first again. The crowd became crazy and cried out his name. The little boy felt more satisfied. He started to shout, “Another race! Another race! I bet no one will win against me! ” An old man was watching all this. He stepped forward, and with him he presented two new challengers. One was a weak old lady and the other was a blind (盲的) man. Jacob was quite surprised and asked, “What’s this? This is no race!” The old man said, “Race!” The third race began once everyone was on the starting line. In the end, Jacob was the only one to finish that race, leaving two challengers standing at the starting line. The little boy raised his arms happily. But to his surprise, no one in the crowd was cheering this time and everyone was just looking at him silently. “What happened? Why are people not cheering? ” Jacob asked the old man. The old man said, “Race again, but this time finish together with your challengers. ” After thinking for a while, Jacob went to the starting line again and stood in the middle of the old lady and the blind man. The final race began. He took both of them by hand and started to walk slowly. At last, they crossed that finishing line. This time, at the end of the race, the crowd stood up and warmly applauded him. Jacob didn’t understand why the crowd was not cheering for him before, but now when all three of them finished the race together. So he asked the old man about it. The wise old man smiled, “Little boy, in this race you have won much more than what you won in any other race. By respecting rivals (尊重对手) , you have won people’s respect.” 1．What’s the most important thing for Jacob before the competition? A．Having others respect him. B．Getting strong and healthy. C．Making the crowd very excited. D．Becoming a game winner. 2．How many races did Jacob have in this competition? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．According to the third Paragraph, how did feel Jacob at that time? A．Satisfied. B．Sad. C．Lucky. D．Surprised. 4．How did Jacob feel when the old man brought him two challengers? A．Angry. B．Sad. C．Lucky. D．Surprised. 5．What can we learn from this story? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Respecting others comes first. C．Challenges bring us success. D．Running fast is necessary. 11 Whether you enjoy books filled with facts or like interesting stories, reading is good for your health. Reading opens your eyes and mind to a new world. You can find out about people living different lives from yours and amazing facts about the earth. You can learn about important news and how you can make a difference to the world. Reading improves your understanding of people and the world around you. Sarah Driver, a teacher for 25 years, says, “Reading helps you understand how other people feel because you get to see things from their eyes. It’s like standing in their shoes and seeing the world the way they do.” This is called empathy. Reading also helps to improve your creativity. As Driver says, “You begin to picture the story in your head and create your own images (图像). It helps you think of new ideas and find different ways to solve problems: It’s a new world to experience in your mind.” Reading can also bring you closer to your friends and help you to make new ones as you share books and writers you like with each other. You can start a book club where everyone decides what to read and talks about it together. There are times when you may want to escape (逃离) into another world. You can do that with a book without going anywhere. When you’re reading a story that catches your interest, you forget everything around you. If you’re feeling tired, upset or lonely, getting lost in a story can give you peace and help you relax. Reading can also help you understand any difficult feelings you might have. Driver says. “It’s like having a friend who understands. When you’re feeling sad or angry, you can read about characters going through similar things. They show you different ways to face those feelings and find answers and hope.” 1．What does the underlined word “empathy” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Listening to your own heart. B．Looking at yourself in the mirror. C．Understanding others’ feelings. D．Sharing your feelings with others. 2．How does reading help you make friends according to Paragraph 3? A．By sharing interests with others. B．By picturing your friends in mind. C．By reading in the book club alone. D．By finding ways to solve problems. 3．What can you do when having bad feelings according to the text? A．Go to some places you like. B．Lose yourself in a good story. C．Take a book wherever you go. D．Find friends to talk about them. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Who can start a reading club? B．What are good reading habits? C．How to make reading interesting? D．Why is reading books important? 12 Many old people in China exercise in parks, dance in squares or spend time with their grandchildren. But 65-year-old Zhao Wenying from Zhejiang, has a different life. She is a Rubik’s Cube (魔方) player. “After 30 years of teaching, I didn’t know what to do then,” Zhao says. “The Rubik’s Cube gave me a new start.” She got to know the game from her 8-year-old granddaughter. Zhao was very interested, so she started to learn it. At first, she learned it very slowly. She watched the lessons online and spent over four years learning it by herself. When watching Super Brain (最强大脑) on Jiangsu TV, Zhao fell in love with blindfolded cube-solving (蒙眼解魔方). However, it’s difficult for people in their 60s to learn it. Zhao asked a Rubik’s Cube teacher for help. Although she ran into a lot of difficulties, she never gave up. Now she keeps the world’s fastest record (记录) for blindfolded cube-solving for people over age 60. △ , but she wants to pass (通过) B1 level (水平) first. “You must have dreams and keep learning to make them come true through hard work, hard work is important.” she says. At first, some of Zhao’s friends asked her to live an easy life and her family also worried about her health. But now they all support (支持) her after they see that the Rubik’s Cube brings happiness to her life. 1．What do old people usually do in China? A．Play cube-solving. B．Exercise in parks. C．Watch Super Brain. D．Teach kids at school. 2．From Paragraph 2, we know that Zhao Wenying ________. A．was interested in the Rubik’s Cube B．learned Rubik’s Cube quickly at first C．learned Rubik’s Cube from her daughter D．watched the lessons on TV 3．Which of the following can we put in △ . A．Super Brain invited her to compete with others B．Many people think Zhao will stop to have a rest C．Zhao thinks she can’t do better in cube-solving D．Zhao is afraid to lose her family because of cube-solving 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Zhao is not healthy and happy. B．It’s easy for Zhao to pass B2 level. C．Zhao doesn’t like Super Brain. D．Zhao thinks hard work is very important. 5．What does the text mainly tell us? A．One is never too old to learn. B．He who laughs last laughs best. C．There is no such thing as a free lunch. D．A slow bird should make an early start. 13 In our life, we should often be ready for change that will help us unlock (释放) our self-improvement power (自我提升的力量) . However, we don’t always understand it. We think of unlocking our self-improvement power only when everything gets worst. When do we know that we need to change diets? When none of our shirts and jeans would fit us. When do we stop eating candies and chocolates? When all of our teeth fall off. We see the warning (警告) signs when things get difficult. Most of us will learn about unlocking our self-improvement power only when the whole world go to pieces. We think and feel this way because it is not easy to change. However, change becomes more painful (痛苦的) when we take no notice of it. Change will happen, like it or hate it. At one point or another, we are all going to finally unlock our self-improvement power, not because the world says so, but because we know it’s good for ourselves. Happy people don’t just accept (接受) change; they welcome it. Unlocking our self-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are. It is such a poor excuse for people who are afraid of change. Jane always tells everyone that she is afraid of being around groups of people. Over the years, that is what Jane believed. Every time a great number of people come, she steps back and locks herself up in a room. Jane not only believes in her story, but lives it! If we look at things in a different way, we might have greater fun. Doing exercise three times a week would result in a healthier life. Reading books every day would build up knowledge. And only when we are enjoying the whole process (过程) of unlocking our self-improvement power, we will find that we can take things light and become happy. 1．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing Paragraph 2? A．To show that health is the most important. B．To list the problems people often have in their life. C．To tell that people do not know their problems at times. D．To show that we learn lessons when having pain. 2．What advice (建议) is helpful to Jane’s problem? A．Always believe in herself. B．Unlock herself out of the box of thought. C．Get on with people in a friendly way. D．Talk with people around her patiently. 3．Which of the following opinions may the writer support? A．Change is always good for us if we like it. B．People change when they find it easy to do that. C．If you welcome change in life, you’ll make it better. D．Process of self-improvement makes life worse. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Is it important to take things light? B．Are you ready for every change in life? C．Painful change, happy life! D．To unlock ourselves out of the box of thought or to stay in it? 14 Do you know why you get angry so easily, but your friend smiles all the time? It’s because you both have different personalities. Then what is personality? It’s about how people think, behave and react to everything around them. So what makes people think and behave in certain ways? Part of the reason is that people are born like this. A baby gets its genes and blood type when it is still inside its mother. These may help decide what the baby will be like. But one’s personality doesn’t stop here. Family life, school learning and life experiences can also make you the person you are. But this doesn’t mean you can’t change your personality. You can always try to make yourself better. Don’t get too worried if you don’t have a good personality. ★ This is a good way to start making changes. For example, if you don’t know how to make friends, find out why. Is it because you’re too shy? If so, tell yourself to smile at people. Start talking to people kindly. But don’t give yourself a hard time about it all. After all, it’snot easy to change lifelong habits in one night. Just keep trying, one day you can see that you can turn over a new leaf and be a new you! 1．Personality is about the following except ________. A．what people look like B．how people think C．how people behave D．how people react to something 2．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．Just change everything in one night. B．Just be yourself and stay alone. C．Just face it and take action. D．Just give yourself a hard time. 3．What can help decide a person’s personality? ①blood type ②genes ③family life ④school learning ⑤height ⑥life experiences A．①②③④⑤ B．①②③④⑥ C．①②④⑤⑥ D．①②③⑤⑥ 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Facts About Personality B．Be a New You C．Personality Decides Life D．Personality Is Important 15 Nick is my neighbor. He worked in a bookstore. But last month, he lost his work in the bookstore. He didn’t have anything to do now. He wanted to find a new job very much. One Monday, Nick saw an ad in a window. It said, “Wanted. The Best Salesman in the World Top Pay.” Nick thought he was a great salesman and went to ask for the job. “I am the best salesman in the world,” he said to the manager, “give me the job.” “You must prove (证明) you’re the best,” the manager said. “OK, I will!” Nick answered. “Good!” The manager took a box of sweets out of his desk. “Last week I bought a thousand boxes of sweets. If you can sell them all before the end of the week, you can have the job,” said the manager.  “That’s easy.” Nick said. He took the boxes of sweets and left the office. He went from shop to shop from that day, trying to sell the boxes of sweets. But he couldn’t sell one. The sweets were too bad for him to sell. At the end of the week, he went back to the manager. “I’m sorry, sir.” He said. “I was wrong about myself. I’m not the best salesman in the world, but I know who is.” “Oh,” said the manager. “Who?” “The person who sold you a thousand boxes of these sweets.” Nick said. 1．When did Nick lose his work in the bookstore? A．Last night. B．Last week. C．Last month. D．Last year. 2．Why did Nick ask for the job? A．Because he thought he was the best salesman in the world. B．Because he thought he could sell all the sweets. C．Because he wanted to eat the sweets. D．Because he knew the manager well. 3．To sell the sweets, what did Nick do? A．He asked the manager to help him. B．He bought all the sweets. C．He went from shop to shop. D．He went from home to home. 4．According to the story, which of the following is RIGHT? A．Nick sold some of the sweets. B．The sweets were too expensive. C．Nick was not clever at all. D．The sweets were terrible. ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(外研版2024) Unit 1 This is me主题阅读 必备知识清单 单元主题阅读 聚焦自我认知 一、主题内涵 自我认知从本质上来说，是个体对自身诸多方面的深入理解与反思。这其中涵盖了性格特点，比如是开朗外向还是内敛含蓄；能力范畴，像具备何种学习能力、运动能力等；价值观层面，即个人所秉持的对于事物的重要性判断和是非观念；兴趣爱好，例如喜爱绘画、音乐或者阅读等；以及成长经历，包含过往的成功与失败、重要事件等。自我认知是新课标 “人与自我” 主题语境里的核心内容。 在英语阅读领域，涉及自我认知主题的文章，常常以记叙文的形式来展现。它们通过讲述生动的人物故事，巧妙地引导读者深入思考一系列关键问题，诸如 “我是谁”，这关乎对自身本质的探寻；“我擅长什么”，旨在明确自身优势；“我如何与他人互动”，侧重于人际交往模式的思考。此类文章在助力学生学习英语语言知识的同时，着重培养他们的自我反思能力，促使学生能够不断审视自己，以及批判性思维，让学生在面对各种信息和情境时，能够理性分析、客观判断。 二、主题词汇 1. 名词 identity（身份；特性） 例句：Our identity is shaped by our experiences and choices.（我们的身份由经历和选择塑造。） personality（性格；个性） 例句：She has a cheerful personality and makes friends easily.（她性格开朗，容易交朋友。） confidence（自信） 例句：Building confidence helps us face challenges bravely.（建立自信帮助我们勇敢面对挑战。） hobby（爱好） 例句：Reading and painting are my favorite hobbies.（阅读和绘画是我最喜欢的爱好。） challenge（挑战） 例句：Overcoming challenges makes us stronger.（克服挑战让我们更强大。） 2. 形容词 outgoing（外向的） 例句：He is outgoing and enjoys participating in group activities.（他性格外向，喜欢参加团体活动。） responsible（负责的） 例句：A responsible student always finishes homework on time.（一个负责的学生总是按时完成作业。） talented（有天赋的） 例句：She is talented in music and can play the piano well.（她在音乐方面有天赋，钢琴弹得很好。） unique（独特的） 例句：Each person has a unique way of solving problems.（每个人都有独特的解决问题的方式。） 3. 动词 realize（意识到） 例句：I realize the importance of self-discipline.（我意识到自律的重要性。） improve（提升） 例句：We should try to improve our weaknesses.（我们应该努力改进自己的不足。） reflect（反思） 例句：Taking time to reflect helps us understand ourselves better.（花时间反思有助于我们更好地了解自己。） 三、主题句式 1. 描述性格与能力 ①基本句型：I am + 形容词. 例句：I am friendly and generous.（我友好且慷慨。） ②She/He is good at + 名词 / 动名词. 例句：He is good at math and often helps classmates.（他擅长数学，经常帮助同学。） 2. 表达兴趣与爱好 ①常用结构：My favorite hobby is + 名词 / 动名词. 例句：My favorite hobby is reading books.（我最喜欢的爱好是读书。） ②I enjoy + 动名词. 例句：I enjoy playing basketball with friends.（我喜欢和朋友一起打篮球。） 3. 反思成长与变化 ①经典句式：Over the years, I have learned to...（多年来，我学会了……） 例句：Over the years, I have learned to face failure bravely.（多年来，我学会了勇敢面对失败。） ②I realize that...（我意识到……） 例句：I realize that patience is important in learning English.（我意识到耐心在学习英语中很重要。） 4. 总结自我认知 ①总结句型：Knowing myself helps me...（了解自己帮助我……） 例句：Knowing myself helps me set realistic goals.（了解自己帮助我设定现实的目标。） ②Everyone is unique, and I am proud of...（每个人都是独特的，我为…… 感到自豪。） 例句：Everyone is unique, and I am proud of my creativity.（每个人都是独特的，我为自己的创造力感到自豪。） 四、阅读策略 1. 识别主题句：在阅读过程中，要着重关注文章开头或结尾部分所呈现的总结性语句。这些总结句往往如同文章的灯塔，能够为读者指引理解文章核心内容的方向。例如，像 “Understanding oneself is the key to personal growth.” 这样的句子，直接点明了了解自己与个人成长之间的关键联系，让读者迅速把握文章围绕自我认知与成长这一主题展开。 2. 注意关键词：为了更好地把握文章主旨，需要特别留意那些与自我认知紧密相关的词汇。可以通过圈出这些词汇的方式，强化对它们的关注。比如 identity（身份认同）、personality（个性）、confidence（自信）等词汇，它们如同线索，贯穿于文章之中，帮助读者梳理文章在自我认知方面所阐述的观点和内容。 3. 分析人物行为：深入分析文章中人物的行为表现是理解文章内涵的重要途径。通过仔细观察人物的各种选择、他们之间的对话以及所经历的事件，我们能够从中推断出人物的性格特点和其所秉持的价值观。具体而言，倘若文章中的主人公主动向他人伸出援手，这种行为便清晰地反映出其 kind - hearted（善良的）性格特征；要是主人公面对诸多困难，却始终坚持不懈，最终成功完成任务，这无疑充分体现了其 perseverance（毅力）。 4. 联系自身经历：将文章内容与自身的生活实际相联系，能够极大地加深我们对文章主题的理解。在阅读时，可以多进行自我提问，例如 “Do I have similar hobbies or challenges as the character?”（我和主人公有相似的爱好或挑战吗？）通过这种方式，将文章所传达的信息与自己的生活体验相结合，使我们对文章主题的感悟更加深刻，也能从阅读中获得更多对自身生活有启示意义的内容。 核心知识回顾 聚焦自我认知的阅读语篇常见结构 一、总分总结构（最经典结构） 1. 引言段：情境导入 + 主题句 功能：通过生活场景（如考试后反思、朋友评价）引发共鸣，明确 “自我认知” 的意义。 例句： After failing the math test, I wrote in my diary: ‘Why did I make so many mistakes?’ This small act helped me realise I needed to focus more in class. 主题句位置：段首或段尾，如 “Knowing yourself is the first step to growing up.” 2. 主体段：3W 结构（What-How-Why） ① What：自我认知是什么？ 定义 + 具象化：通过比喻（“镜子”“地图”）解释抽象概念。 例句：Self-awareness is like a mirror—it shows your strengths (you’re good at listening) and weaknesses (you easily forget homework). ② How：如何认知自我？ 分3个可操作的方法： 自我反思：日记、错题本：I have written diaries for 3 months, and I’ve found I’m happier when I exercise. 他人反馈：朋友 / 家人的评价：My best friend said I’m kind, but sometimes too shy. 行动探索：Trying the guitar was scary, but I realised I love music. ③ Why：为什么重要？ 联系生活：更好的选择、更少的困惑（如选社团、处理矛盾）。 例句：When I knew I hated crowded★ places (Unit 1 词汇), I chose a quiet art club instead of noisy basketball. 3. 结论段：升华 + 行动号召 情感共鸣：用成长型语言（“每天进步一点点”）。 例句：Self-awareness isn’t about being perfect—it’s about being truly★ you. Start today: What’s one thing you want to learn about yourself? 二、故事型结构 1. 冲突引入 主角的困惑：如 “I thought I was lazy until my teacher said I’m good at solving problems.” 2. 事件发展（3 个关键节点） ① 触发事件：考试失利、朋友建议等（如捡到日记，发现自己的优点）。 ② 探索过程：尝试新方法（写反思清单、采访朋友），使用现在完成时强调变化：“Since I started the ‘3-good-things’ list, I’ve found I’m helpful, creative, and ... not lazy at all!” ③ 转折点：通过具体事件（如主动帮助同学）验证自我认知。 3. 感悟升华 点明主题：The mirror doesn’t lie—but sometimes we need to look twice to see the truth.（呼应引言的 “镜子” 比喻，形成结构闭环） 三、问题解决型结构 1. 现象描述 初中生的普遍困惑：Many of us think:“Why am I so different from my friends?” 2. 问题分析 原因 1：自我忽视（We’re too busy studying to think about our feelings.） 原因 2：过度在意他人评价（We worry if we’re ‘cool enough’ instead of being ourselves.） 3. 解决方案（3 步行动） Step 1 每日 5 分钟反思：用问题引导（What made me proud today?） Step 2 制作 “我的优点卡”：收集他人的赞美（My mom said I’m patient—now I believe her!） Step 3 小冒险计划：每周尝试 1 件小事（I tried speaking up in class—turns out I’m brave!） 4. 结果验证 用数据 / 实例证明改变：After two months, I’ve listed 50 strengths and made friends who love the real me. 四、对比型结构 1. 过去 vs 现在（时间对比） 过去：“Last year, I thought being popular meant copying others.” 现在：“Now I know being true to myself is cooler.” （结合现在完成时：“I have stopped comparing myself to others.”） 2. 自我 vs 他人（视角对比） 自我认知：“I always thought I was bad at sports.” 他人视角：“My PE teacher said I’m a fast runner—I just needed confidence!” （对应词汇表：value 价值，他人反馈的价值） 3. 理想 vs 现实（认知升级） 理想：“I wanted to be a perfect student like Anna.” 现实：“I’m not Anna, but I’m good at art—a talent I never noticed before.” 综合实战演练 1 ①Healthy eating habit along with regular (有规律的) exercise is the best way to become fit. If you have the correct number of energy and exercise regularly, you will lose weight (重量), keep fit, and feel great, too. ②During your teenage years (青少年时期), it is important to give your body the energy it needs, it’s good for your growth. If you don’t have meals, you won’t get enough calories, and then you will feel tired. By the way, calorie is just another word for energy. About 50% of your calories should come from rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink a lot of water, 6 to 8 glasses a day. Water helps keep your system clean. Drinking enough water will make your skin better and make you healthy. ③Exercise is something that can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. Doctors suggest that teenagers should spend at least 30 minutes exercising a day, five times a week. That is easy to do! You can walk or ride your bike to school, and do sports at school. However, teenagers often don’t do that, saying they have no time left after their studies. In fact, doing exercise can help them sleep better at night and pay more attention to their studies. ④If you follow the suggestions above, you will look and feel much better and become fit. 1．If you have healthy eating habits along with regular exercise, you won’t ________. A．feel terrible B．keep healthy C．lose weight D．feel good 2．What does the underlined word “calories” mean according to the passage? A．Water. B．Bread. C．Rice. D．Energy. 3．According to this passage, teenagers should spend at least ________ minutes exercising a week. A．30 B．50 C．150 D．350 4．What’s the structure (结构) of this passage? (①=paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ③=Paragraph 3, ……) A． B． C． D． 5．What’s the best title of the passage? A．How to eat food. B．How to exercise. C．How to keep healthy. D．How to lose weight. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C 【解析】本文讲述了健康的饮食习惯和有规律的锻炼，能够使你保持健康，而且精神非常好。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“If you have the correct number of energy and exercise regularly, you will lose weight (重量), keep fit, and feel great, too.”可知，你将会瘦下来，保持健康，并且感觉很好。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“By the way, calorie is just another word for energy.”可知，卡路里是能量的另一种说法。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Doctors suggest that teenagers should spend at least 30 minutes exercising a day, five times a week.”可知，青少年一天应该花至少30分钟锻炼，一周5次。因此一周至少150分钟。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。根据每段内容可知，第一段写了规律的饮食和锻炼对身体有好处，第二三段分别具体讲述了饮食和锻炼，第四段总结，因此是总分总结构。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了健康的饮食和规律的锻炼对身体的好处，以及如何通过饮食和锻炼保持身体健康。故选C。 2 Why not find a new friend in 2024—yourself! You may want to get love and care from a good friendship. Well, you shouldn’t have to go far to find them. Loving yourself, also called self-love, means being as kind to yourself as you are to others. Give yourself the love and care you should give your friends and family. Becky Goddard-Hill, the writer of Create Your Own Confidence, says it means speaking to yourself with kindness. It also means taking really good care of your body and mind. Studies show that self-love is good for your schoolwork, health and friendships. Self-love makes you believe in yourself. It makes you feel that you deserve (值得) good things, such as kind friends and fun experiences. It doesn’t mean you’ll be happy all the time, but when you face difficulties, you won’t upset yourself. Start by being kind instead of being angry. When you make a mistake, don’t get angry with yourself. Tell yourself that everyone makes mistakes sometimes. Then work out what you could do differently next time. Remember that no one is perfect. Becky suggests writing down your strengths (优点) as they can help you remember how excellent you are. “Looking at the list often will help bring out the best in you,” says Becky. 1．Which of the following might the writer of the passage agree with? A．Good friends are hard to find. B．We should give friends love and care. C．New friends are usually better than old ones. D．We should take our friends' advice  most of the time. 2．Which shows the right order of the information in this passage? A．Meanings→Reasons→Ways B．Ways→Reasons→Meaning C．Meanings→Ways→Reasons D．Reasons→Ways Meanings 3．What should you do when you make a mistake? A．Learn from the mistake and avoid（避免） it next time. B．Get angry with yourself and keep it in your mind. C．Tell yourself that people always make mistakes. D．Remember that no one is perfect and forget it quickly. 4．Which should not be on the list mentioned in the last paragraph? A．Tina thinks I’m helpful. B．I’m good at playing soccer. C．Wendy often disagrees with me. D．I won third prize in the high jump. 5．What’s the best title for the passage? A．Believe in yourself B．Learn from past mistakes C．Be a friend of yourself D．Treat people with love and care 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．C 【解析】本文主要围绕“像爱朋友和家人一样爱自己”这一话题，介绍了“爱自己”的含义、原因和方法。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Give yourself the love and care you should giveyour friends and family.”可知，把应该给予朋友和家人的爱和关心给自己。由此可推知，本文的作者应该认同B项“我们应该给予朋友爱和关心”。故选B。 2．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文第二段介绍了“爱自己”的含义；第三段介绍了“爱自己”的原因；最后一段介绍了“爱自己”的方法，故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段“When you make a mistake, don’t get angry with yourself. Tell yourself that everyone makes mistakes sometimes. Then work out what you could do differently next time.”可知，当你犯错时，应该想想下一次有哪些不同的做法，也就是从错误中学习并在下一次避免犯错。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Becky suggests writing downyour strengths”“Looking at the list often”可知，Becky建议写下自己的优点并时常看一下这个列表。由此可推知，选项C“Wendy经常不同意我的观点”不属于优点，不应出现在列表中。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要围绕“像爱朋友和家人一样爱自己”这一话题，介绍了“爱自己”的含义、原因和方法，故C项“做自己的朋友”最适合为本文标题。故选C。 3 When I was just beginning to learn English, I had an important lesson. Our teacher wrote some words on the blackboard and asked us to copy them down. When I started writing, I found there was a spelling mistake. However, I didn’t point out the mistake at first. I wondered if it would be polite to point out a mistake in the very first lesson. But then I thought of something important: not everything we learn from books, or on the blackboard, is right. So I decided to put up my hand and speak. “Excuse me,” I said, “there seems to be a mistake.” To my surprise, the teacher smiled and thanked me. She said I was careful and told all the students to always remember the importance of independent (独立) thinking just like me. That experience taught me an important lesson: it’s OK to speak up when something doesn’t seem right, even if you’re just starting to learn. It’s important to think for ourselves and not be afraid to ask question. 1．What did the teacher ask the students do? A．To have a test. B．To copy down some words. C．To write a story. D．To learn grammar rules. 2．Why didn’t the writer point out the mistake at first? A．He was not sure if he was right. B．He was too shy to speak in class. C．He didn’t want to make the teacher angry. D．He thought it might be impolite in the first lesson. 3．What can you infer (推断) from Paragraph 4? A．The teacher made mistakes to test students. B．The teacher was surprised with the mistake. C．The teacher liked what the writer did in class. D．The teacher didn’t like the students pointing out her mistake. 4．What lesson did the writer learn from this experience? A．To always trust the teacher. B．How to correct spelling mistakes. C．English is a difficult subject to learn. D．The importance of speaking up and independent thinking. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The importance of learning English. B．The relationship between students and teachers. C．The advice of solving different kinds of problems. D．The writer’s first English class experience and the lesson he learned. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．D 【解析】本文讲述了作者在第一次英语课上学到的重要经验：在学习过程中，勇于提出问题并独立思考的重要性。 1．细节理解题。根据“Our teacher wrote some words on the blackboard and asked us to copy them down”可知，老师让学生们抄写一些单词。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“I wondered if it would be polite to point out a mistake in the very first lesson”可知，作者起初没有指出错误是因为他认为在第一次课上这样做可能不礼貌。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据“To my surprise, the teacher smiled and thanked me. She said I was careful and told all the students to always remember the importance of independent thinking just like me”可推测，老师喜欢作者在课堂上的表现。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文章内容“it’s OK to speak up when something doesn’t seem right”及文章总结部分可知，作者学到的经验是勇于发言和独立思考的重要性。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了作者第一次英语课上的经历以及他从中学到的经验。故选D。 4 Last weekend, I read an article online about a 10-year-old boy in Thailand. He didn’t want to go to school, so his mother made him go out to the street and collect waste (捡废品) to make money. It made me think of one of my unforgettable experiences. Last winter, I didn’t want to go to school because I was sad about my exam grades. My parents were very angry with me. My father asked me to find a part-time job during the winter vacation. Because I didn’t have any work experience. The boss (老板) just asked me to send newspapers. At the beginning, I thought that it would be easy. To my surprise, when I went to people’s houses, they started to look me up and down. I could feel they looked down on me. I felt uncomfortable. Then I went to one house, a black dog jumped out suddenly (突然). I was so afraid that I shouted loudly. But no one came to help me. At that time, I knew sending newspapers was a lot more difficult than reading a book in the classroom. I thought about giving up (放弃), but I didn’t, I tried my best to finish the job. Although I was very tired, I could do the job better after some time. Now, I am back in the classroom and studying harder than ever before. And I am also more outgoing and happier. As long as I don’t lose heart and work harder, I will do better in studying. 1．Why did the writer want to give up his study? A．He did badly in the exam. B．He wanted to make money. C．He had a fight with his father. D．He wanted an unforgettable experience. 2．Which is the right order of the following events? ①I work harder at school. ②People looked down on me. ③I kept on sending newspapers. ④I found a part-time job. ⑤A dog jumped out suddenly but no one helped me. A．①②③④⑤ B．②③④⑤① C．④②⑤③① D．②④⑤③① 3．What did the writer probably think of his experience last winter? A．Worrying. B．Relaxing. C．Easy. D．Meaningful. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者去年冬天因考试成绩差不想上学，被父亲要求兼职送报，虽遭遇困难但坚持完成，如今更加努力学习的经历。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Last winter, I didn’t want to go to school because I was sad about my exam grades.”可知作者是因为考试成绩不好所以想放弃学业。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Then I went to one house, a black dog jumped out suddenly (突然). I was so afraid that I shouted loudly. But no one came to help me.”和“I thought about giving up (放弃), but I didn’t, I tried my best to finish the job.”可知，一只黑狗突然跳出来，作者很害怕，但是没有人来帮作者，作者没有放弃自己的工作，继续送报纸，⑤在③之前，排除A和B；根据“My father asked me to find a part-time job during the winter vacation.”和“o my surprise, when I went to people’s houses, they started to look me up and down. I could feel they looked down on me.”可知，作者先找到兼职工作，在工作时感觉被别人看不起，④在②之前，排除D。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“And I am also more outgoing and happier.”可知，作者通过自己的兼职工作经历，变得更加外向开心，说明作者认为这段经历是有意义的。故选D。 5 A father was very worried about his son, who, at 15 or 16 years old, seemed to show no signs of courage (勇气). In daily life, the boy would shy away from any challenges (挑战), whether it was trying a new sport at school or speaking up in clash. So, the father went to see a famous boxing (拳击) coach and asked him to help his son. The coach agreed and said, “ Leave your son with me. In three months, I promise he will be a changed person. However, you must not visit him during this time.” The father agreed. Three months later, the father returned to pick up his son as promised. The coach held a friendly match between the boy and an experienced boxer to show the training results. As soon as the match began, the boy was knocked down hard. But to everyone’s surprise, he quickly got up and faced his opponent (对手) again. He was knocked down again right away, but quickly jumped back to his feet. This happened again and again. The boy was knocked down 16 times, yet each time he stood up, decided to face the challenge. Sweat ran down his face and he held his fists tight, which showed he was really brave. The coach turned to the father and asked, “Do you think your son’s action shows courage? “ I’m so sad. I never thought that after sending him here for three months of training, he would still get knocked down so easily, “the father replied. The coach shook his head and said, “I really feel sorry for you. You’re missing the point. You only see the foils, the superficial (表面上的) winning or losing. Don’t you see the courage of your son to get up each time? That’s true strength. A strong person isn’t someone who never falls, but someone who rises every time they do. That’s true courage.” 1．Why did the father want his son to learn boxing? A．To train him to be braver. B．To make his body stronger. C．To make him learn to follow rules. D．To help him become an excellent boxer. 2．What happened to the boy during the friendly match? A．He refused (拒绝) to fight back. B．He won the match easily. C．He got knocked down many times. D．He couldn’t get up at the end of the match. 3．How did the father feel at first about the result of the match? A．He felt unhappy. B．He was angry. C．He felt bored. D．He was excited. 4．Why did the coach think the boy showed true strength? A．He never felt sorry for himself. B．He won the match in the end. C．He kept on training for three months. D．He was brave enough to get up after each fall. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲了一位父亲送儿子去练拳击，找到勇气的故事。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“In daily life, ...asked him to help his son. ”可知在日常生活中，无论是在学校尝试新的运动，还是在冲突中大胆发言，男孩都会对任何挑战退避三舍。由此推断男孩父亲让他练习拳击是想让他勇敢一些去面对挑战，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The boy was knocked down 16 times,”可知男孩被击倒了16次。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“I’m so sad. I never thought that after sending him here for three months of training, he would still get knocked down so easily, ”可知男孩父亲很难过，没想到把他送到这里训练了三个月，他还是这么容易就被打倒了。由此推断男孩父亲对比赛结果是不开心的。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Don’t you see the courage of your son to get up each time? That’s true strength.”可知教练认为男孩每次站起来的勇气，就是真正的力量。故选D。 6 In the past, asking local people for directions was the most reliable (可靠的) way to find your way. They knew not only the way, but also the traffic, interesting places to visit, and the most famous restaurant nearby. Today, technology (技术) offers new ways to guide, such as online driving-directions and smartphones with navigation apps (导航软件). People don’t have to ask others for directions very often, for the directions are always in your pocket, as long as you have enough battery (电源) life and a data (数据) collection. In the past few years, I didn’t have a chance to travel or ask for directions because I was busy working. But yesterday, when driving to another city, I took wrong turns and lost my way. With my phone battery dead and no navigation device (设备) in my car, I had to stop and ask for help. I saw an old man coming out of a house and asked if he knew the way to the city. At first he was a little cautious because he didn’t know who I was, but when I told him that I had no technology to help me, he relaxed and started giving advice. He warned (警告) me of the exit that could be easily missed and advised some places to have lunch. We talked about the rain, guessing whether it would soon stop, then said goodbye, and I went on my way. Finally, I arrived at my hotel. Even though it rained all the time and I spent a good part of the drive in traffic, I felt wonderful. It is nice to know that a stranger really would like to spend some time helping me. I wish that I would ask for directions more often, not only while traveling, but also in everyday life. The directions I will get may not always be right, but they will always come from the heart. 1．What can we infer (推断) from the first two paragraphs? A．Technology makes it more difficult to guide. B．People know the way well in modern society. C．The way of getting directions has changed a lot. D．Asking local people for directions is not reliable now. 2．We don’t have to ask others for directions today because ________. A．the traffic has changed a lot B．smartphones have become cheaper C．people now use navigation technology D．local people no longer know the area well 3．What does the underlined word “ cautious” in the fourth paragraph mean? A．honest B．careful C．angry D．excited 4．How did the writer feel after arriving at the hotel? A．He felt bored with the man. B．He felt touched by the old man’s help. C．He felt bad because of the heavy traffic. D．He felt wonderful because the rain stopped. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 【解析】本文讲述了作者从依赖技术导航到重新体验向当地人问路的过程。在一次旅行中，由于手机没电且没有导航设备，作者不得不向一位老人求助，这次经历让作者感到温暖，并重新认识到人与人之间帮助的价值。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段和第二段内容可知，第一段主要介绍了过去人们依靠问路的方式找到方向，第二段主要介绍了现在人们通过在线驾驶导向和智能手机来找到方向，故推断出获取方向的方式发生了很大变化。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“People don’t have to ask others for directions very often, for the directions are always in your pocket, as long as you have enough battery (电源) life and a data (数据) collection.”可知，我们不需要频繁问路是因为人们现在使用导航技术。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“At first he was a little cautious because he didn’t know who I was, but when I told him that I had no technology to help me, he relaxed and started giving advice.”可知，起初他有点……，因为他不知道我是谁，但是当我告诉他没有技术支持时，他放松并开始提供建议。故推测划线单词“cautious”意为“谨慎的”，与“careful认真的，小心的”意思相近。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It is nice to know that a stranger really would like to spend some time helping me.”可知，作者很高兴一个陌生人能花一些时间帮助他。故推测出作者因为陌生人的帮助而感到感动。故选B。 7 When I was in the eighth grade, my class was asked to be friends with the second-grade kids. I got this little girl named Shelley. The first time I saw her, she was silent and cold. She was small for her age, and she didn’t play with the other kids in her class. ▲ . I bought her toys, crayons and candies, but nothing worked. Once I gave her a coloring book and said, “Shelley, now you can color it at anytime.” Shelley looked at the coloring book and then looked up at me, and finally looked away. By that time, I didn’t know how I was going to make her understand me, but I knew I wouldn’t give up on her. One Friday, I decided to tell her a story about my childhood. I told her that I felt lonely when I was with my classmates, and I thought only my teachers liked me. I also told her that every day was a fight for me. I always cried alone so my classmates wouldn’t know how much I was hurting. She sat there just listening, trying to decide if I was telling a lie. Finally, when my story ended, there were tears in her eyes. And then she did something unthinkable. She said, “Thank you.” From then on, Shelley was a different little girl. She started smiling and talking with other kids. Looking back at this, I’m surprised because all I did was to help her realize that she wasn’t alone. I didn’t ask her to tell her story because her story is my story. 1．What was Shelley like when the writer first saw her? A．Cold. B．Lazy. C．Smart. D．Slow. 2．Which of the sentences can we put in ▲ ? A．I thought of some ideas to help her study. B．I decided to play an interesting game with her. C．I tried all kinds of things to get her to talk to me. D．I invited her to join in some activities after class. 3．How did the writer get the little girl to understand her? A．She wrote her a book. B．She made her a toy. C．She drew her a picture. D．She told her a story. 4．Shelley changed a lot because she realized that ________. A．her teachers loved her B．her classmates were kind C．the writer understood her D．she had to study even harder 5．From the article, we can see that the writer is ________. A．honest and works very hard B．friendly and doesn’t give up easily C．afraid but has pity on others D．helpful and has a good sense of humor 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．B 【解析】本文主要讲述了作者帮助一个不爱讲话的女孩Shelley变得更加开朗的故事，作者惊叹于Shelley的改变，因为作者认为自己所做的就是让Shelley知道自己并不孤单。 1．细节理解题。根据“The first time I saw her, she was silent and cold.”可知，作者第一次见到Shelley时，她沉默而且冷漠。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“I bought her toys, crayons and candies, but nothing worked.”可知，作者用尽了各种办法，选项C“我尝试了各种方法让她和我说话。”符合语境。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“One Friday, I decided to tell her a story about my childhood.”可知，为了走进Shelley，作者给她讲了一个故事。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“Finally, when my story ended, there were tears in her eyes. And then she did something unthinkable. She said, ‘Thank you.’ From then on, Shelley was a different little girl. She started smiling and talking with other kids.”可知，Shelley改变是因为她意识到作者理解她。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“I didn’t know how I was going to make her understand me, but I knew I wouldn’t give up on her.”及“Looking back at this, I’m surprised because all I did was to help her realize that she wasn’t alone.”可知，作者是一个很友善的而且不容易放弃的人。故选B。 8 Every year, wildfires destroy (毁坏) tens of thousands of square kilometers of forest land. People lose their homes. Some are hurt or even killed. Smoke jumpers help to stop this. Smoke jumpers are special firefighters. Some fires are in hard-to-reach places, such as in the middle of a mountain forest. These firefighters jump from planes or are lowered into those areas by helicopters. When they arrive, smoke jumpers first check the land and decide how to fight the fire. Their main job is to stop the fire from spreading (蔓延) until other firefighters arrive. Then smoke jumpers use shovels or axes to clear the land of burnable things, like dry grass and dead trees. They carry water with them too, but not a lot. Although most smoke jumpers are men, more women are joining now. The most important factors (因素) are how tall and how heavy they are. Smoke jumpers in the U. S., for example, must be between 54 and 91 kilos. This way, they don’t get blown away by the strong winds or get hurt when they land. Smoke jumpers also need to know how to survive (生存) in the wild. In Russia, many smoke jumpers know how to find food in the forest and can even make simple furniture from trees. 1．How do smoke jumpers get to the hard-to-reach places? A．By hiking through the forest. B．By driving fire trucks to the forest. C．By using shoves and axes to clear the land. D．By jumping from planes or being lowered by helicopters. 2．After reaching a fire place, a smoke jumper first ________. A．clears the land B．looks for water C．checks the land D．calls other firefighters 3．From paragraph 4 we know about smoke jumpers’ ________. A．hobbies and habits B．features and skills C．questions and results D．pleasure and worries 4．What can we learn about smoke jumpers from the passage? A．They must be very tall and thin. B．They don’t need to work at night at all. C．They must know how to survive in the wild. D．They need to carry a lot of water with them. 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．Who smoke jumpers are and what they do. B．Why people want to become smoke jumpers. C．What the life of a Russian smoke jumper is like. D．How smoke jumpers stop the fire from spreading. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 【解析】本文介绍了烟跳员是谁以及他们做什么的。 1．细节理解题。根据“These firefighters jump from planes or are lowered into those areas by helicopters.”可知，烟跳员通过乘飞机跳下或者用直升机放下来到难以到达的地方。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“When they arrive, smoke jumpers first check the land and decide how to fight the fire.”可知，烟跳员首先会检查土地。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“...must be between 54 and 91 kilos”以及“know how to survive in the wild”等可知，本段主要讲述了烟跳员的特征和技能。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Smoke jumpers also need to know how to survive in the wild.”可知，烟跳员必须掌握野外生存的技能。故选C。 5．主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了烟跳员是什么以及他们的职责内容。故选A。 9 Class is over and a reporter (记者) for the school newspaper is interviewing a student named Rosa. Reporter: What are your favourite and least favourite subjects? Rosa: My favourite subject is history because I enjoy learning about ancient things and people. My least favourite subject is physics. I think it is too boring. Reporter: What is something new you have learned about yourself? Rosa: I have learned that I am quite good at public speaking. I felt confident when giving a speech in public. Reporter: How does your best friend describe you? Rosa: I hope she thinks I am kind and funny, but I guess she also thinks I am a little bit silly sometimes. We love to tell each other jokes and make up fun dances on the playground. Reporter: What do you like doing in your free time? Rosa: I like swimming. I often go swimming at the swimming pool with my sister. I also like playing sports with my friends. We are a small group that likes to play different sports together. 1．Why doesn’t Rosa like physics? A．Because she doesn’t know its history. B．Because she likes ancient things. C．Because other people don’t like it. D．Because she thinks it’s boring. 2．How does Rosa feel when she gives a speech in public? A．Confident. B．Nervous. C．Excited. D．Terrible. 3．Where do Rosa and her best friend make up dances? A．In the club. B．On the playground. C．In the hall. D．In the classroom. 4．Who does Rosa play sports with? A．Her sister. B．Her brother. C．Her friends. D．Her classmates. 5．What can we know about Rosa? A．She is good at all subjects. B．She and her best friend like studying together. C．She often goes swimming with her brother. D．She has many hobbies and a diverse personality (多样的个性). 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 【解析】本文是记者对学生Rosa的采访。 1．细节理解题。根据“My least favourite subject is physics. I think it is too boring.”可知Rosa觉得物理太无聊，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“I felt confident when giving a speech in public.”可知她感到很自信，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“We love to tell each other jokes and make up fun dances on the playground.”可知她们在操场上编舞，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“I also like playing sports with my friends.”可知她和朋友一起运动，故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据上文提到的编舞，演讲，游泳，运动等可知Rosa有着许多爱好；根据“I am kind and funny”可知她有多样的个性，故选D。 10 Once, in a village, lived a little boy named Jacob. He was famous for running fast. What’s more, winning a competition (比赛) was the most important thing for him. One day, Jacob took part in a running competition in the village. In the competition, he competed with two other young boys. As the first race started, the excited crowd waved at Jacob and cried out his name. The boy called on his determination (决心) and strength, and he was the first one who came to the finishing line. The little boy felt proud. Later, the second race was called. Another two young and strong challengers (挑战者) came forward and ran with Jacob. As expected, he finished first again. The crowd became crazy and cried out his name. The little boy felt more satisfied. He started to shout, “Another race! Another race! I bet no one will win against me! ” An old man was watching all this. He stepped forward, and with him he presented two new challengers. One was a weak old lady and the other was a blind (盲的) man. Jacob was quite surprised and asked, “What’s this? This is no race!” The old man said, “Race!” The third race began once everyone was on the starting line. In the end, Jacob was the only one to finish that race, leaving two challengers standing at the starting line. The little boy raised his arms happily. But to his surprise, no one in the crowd was cheering this time and everyone was just looking at him silently. “What happened? Why are people not cheering? ” Jacob asked the old man. The old man said, “Race again, but this time finish together with your challengers. ” After thinking for a while, Jacob went to the starting line again and stood in the middle of the old lady and the blind man. The final race began. He took both of them by hand and started to walk slowly. At last, they crossed that finishing line. This time, at the end of the race, the crowd stood up and warmly applauded him. Jacob didn’t understand why the crowd was not cheering for him before, but now when all three of them finished the race together. So he asked the old man about it. The wise old man smiled, “Little boy, in this race you have won much more than what you won in any other race. By respecting rivals (尊重对手) , you have won people’s respect.” 1．What’s the most important thing for Jacob before the competition? A．Having others respect him. B．Getting strong and healthy. C．Making the crowd very excited. D．Becoming a game winner. 2．How many races did Jacob have in this competition? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 3．According to the third Paragraph, how did feel Jacob at that time? A．Satisfied. B．Sad. C．Lucky. D．Surprised. 4．How did Jacob feel when the old man brought him two challengers? A．Angry. B．Sad. C．Lucky. D．Surprised. 5．What can we learn from this story? A．Practice makes perfect. B．Respecting others comes first. C．Challenges bring us success. D．Running fast is necessary. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了小男孩雅各布在跑步比赛中，从只追求个人胜利到在老人引导下学会尊重对手，与对手共同完成比赛，从而赢得人们尊重的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“What’s more, winning a competition (比赛) was the most important thing for him.”可知，在比赛前，对雅各布来说最重要的事情是赢得比赛，成为比赛的获胜者。故选D。 2．细节理解题。文章中提到了第一次比赛，雅各布和另外两个年轻男孩比赛；第二次比赛，雅各布和另外两个年轻强壮的挑战者比赛；第三次比赛，雅各布和一位虚弱的老太太以及一位盲人比赛；最后还有一次，雅各布和老太太、盲人一起完成比赛。所以一共是四次比赛。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“The little boy felt more satisfied. He started to shout, ‘Another race! Another race! I bet no one will win against me!’”可知，雅各布在第二次比赛获胜后，感觉更加满意，所以他开始呼喊还要再比赛。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据第四段“Jacob was quite surprised and asked, ‘What’s this? This is no race!’”可知，当老人带来两位挑战者时，雅各布非常惊讶。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。文章讲述雅各布一开始只追求比赛获胜，在与老太太和盲人比赛时，独自完成比赛无人喝彩，后来他带着对手一起完成比赛，赢得了人们的尊重。这表明故事重点强调尊重他人带来了好的结果，故选B。 11 Whether you enjoy books filled with facts or like interesting stories, reading is good for your health. Reading opens your eyes and mind to a new world. You can find out about people living different lives from yours and amazing facts about the earth. You can learn about important news and how you can make a difference to the world. Reading improves your understanding of people and the world around you. Sarah Driver, a teacher for 25 years, says, “Reading helps you understand how other people feel because you get to see things from their eyes. It’s like standing in their shoes and seeing the world the way they do.” This is called empathy. Reading also helps to improve your creativity. As Driver says, “You begin to picture the story in your head and create your own images (图像). It helps you think of new ideas and find different ways to solve problems: It’s a new world to experience in your mind.” Reading can also bring you closer to your friends and help you to make new ones as you share books and writers you like with each other. You can start a book club where everyone decides what to read and talks about it together. There are times when you may want to escape (逃离) into another world. You can do that with a book without going anywhere. When you’re reading a story that catches your interest, you forget everything around you. If you’re feeling tired, upset or lonely, getting lost in a story can give you peace and help you relax. Reading can also help you understand any difficult feelings you might have. Driver says. “It’s like having a friend who understands. When you’re feeling sad or angry, you can read about characters going through similar things. They show you different ways to face those feelings and find answers and hope.” 1．What does the underlined word “empathy” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Listening to your own heart. B．Looking at yourself in the mirror. C．Understanding others’ feelings. D．Sharing your feelings with others. 2．How does reading help you make friends according to Paragraph 3? A．By sharing interests with others. B．By picturing your friends in mind. C．By reading in the book club alone. D．By finding ways to solve problems. 3．What can you do when having bad feelings according to the text? A．Go to some places you like. B．Lose yourself in a good story. C．Take a book wherever you go. D．Find friends to talk about them. 4．What can be the best title of the text? A．Who can start a reading club? B．What are good reading habits? C．How to make reading interesting? D．Why is reading books important? 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【解析】本文主要介绍了阅读对个人身心健康、理解他人和世界、提高创造力以及交友方面的积极影响，强调了阅读的重要性。 1．词句猜测题。根据“Reading helps you understand how other people feel because you get to see things from their eyes. It’s like standing in their shoes and seeing the world the way they do.”可知，阅读可以帮助你理解别人的感受，因为你能够从他们的角度看问题，就像站在他们的立场上看世界一样；可推测出“empathy”意为“同感”，即“理解他人的感受”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Reading can also bring you closer to your friends and help you to make new ones as you share books and writers you like with each other.”可知，阅读可以让你与朋友更亲近，并帮助你结交新朋友，因为你可以与朋友分享你喜欢的书籍和作家。因此，通过阅读并与他人分享兴趣可以帮助你交朋友。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“If you’re feeling tired, upset or lonely, getting lost in a story can give you peace and help you relax.”可知，如果你感到疲惫、沮丧或孤独，沉浸在故事中可以给你带来平静并帮助你放松。因此，当你有不好的感觉时，你可以通过沉浸在好的故事中来缓解情绪。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章从多个方面阐述了阅读的重要性，包括对个人健康、理解力和创造力的积极影响，以及阅读在交友方面的作用；选项D“为什么读书很重要？”为最佳标题。故选D。 12 Many old people in China exercise in parks, dance in squares or spend time with their grandchildren. But 65-year-old Zhao Wenying from Zhejiang, has a different life. She is a Rubik’s Cube (魔方) player. “After 30 years of teaching, I didn’t know what to do then,” Zhao says. “The Rubik’s Cube gave me a new start.” She got to know the game from her 8-year-old granddaughter. Zhao was very interested, so she started to learn it. At first, she learned it very slowly. She watched the lessons online and spent over four years learning it by herself. When watching Super Brain (最强大脑) on Jiangsu TV, Zhao fell in love with blindfolded cube-solving (蒙眼解魔方). However, it’s difficult for people in their 60s to learn it. Zhao asked a Rubik’s Cube teacher for help. Although she ran into a lot of difficulties, she never gave up. Now she keeps the world’s fastest record (记录) for blindfolded cube-solving for people over age 60. △ , but she wants to pass (通过) B1 level (水平) first. “You must have dreams and keep learning to make them come true through hard work, hard work is important.” she says. At first, some of Zhao’s friends asked her to live an easy life and her family also worried about her health. But now they all support (支持) her after they see that the Rubik’s Cube brings happiness to her life. 1．What do old people usually do in China? A．Play cube-solving. B．Exercise in parks. C．Watch Super Brain. D．Teach kids at school. 2．From Paragraph 2, we know that Zhao Wenying ________. A．was interested in the Rubik’s Cube B．learned Rubik’s Cube quickly at first C．learned Rubik’s Cube from her daughter D．watched the lessons on TV 3．Which of the following can we put in △ . A．Super Brain invited her to compete with others B．Many people think Zhao will stop to have a rest C．Zhao thinks she can’t do better in cube-solving D．Zhao is afraid to lose her family because of cube-solving 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Zhao is not healthy and happy. B．It’s easy for Zhao to pass B2 level. C．Zhao doesn’t like Super Brain. D．Zhao thinks hard work is very important. 5．What does the text mainly tell us? A．One is never too old to learn. B．He who laughs last laughs best. C．There is no such thing as a free lunch. D．A slow bird should make an early start. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 【解析】本文主要讲述了浙江65岁的赵文英，退休后开始努力学习魔方，最后实现梦想的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据“Many old people in China exercise in parks, dance in squares or spend time with their grandchildren.”可知，中国的许多老人在公园锻炼，在广场跳舞，或者和孙子孙女们在一起。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“‘The Rubik’s Cube gave me a new start.’ She got to know the game from her 8-year-old granddaughter. Zhao was very interested, so she started to learn it.”可知，赵表示魔方给了自己一个新的开始，她对魔方很感兴趣，所以开始学习它，即赵文英对魔方很感兴趣。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“...but she wants to pass B1 level first.”可知，但她想先通过B1级，前后为转折关系，可推测B选项“很多人认为赵会停下来休息”符合语境。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“‘You must have dreams and keep learning to make them come true through hard work, hard work is important.’ she says.”可知，她表示你必须有梦想，并不断学习通过努力实现梦想，努力做事很重要，即赵认为努力做事很重要。故选D。 5．主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章主要讲述了浙江65岁的赵文英，退休后开始努力学习魔方，最后实现梦想的故事，即文章告诉我们要活到老，学到老。故选A。 13 In our life, we should often be ready for change that will help us unlock (释放) our self-improvement power (自我提升的力量) . However, we don’t always understand it. We think of unlocking our self-improvement power only when everything gets worst. When do we know that we need to change diets? When none of our shirts and jeans would fit us. When do we stop eating candies and chocolates? When all of our teeth fall off. We see the warning (警告) signs when things get difficult. Most of us will learn about unlocking our self-improvement power only when the whole world go to pieces. We think and feel this way because it is not easy to change. However, change becomes more painful (痛苦的) when we take no notice of it. Change will happen, like it or hate it. At one point or another, we are all going to finally unlock our self-improvement power, not because the world says so, but because we know it’s good for ourselves. Happy people don’t just accept (接受) change; they welcome it. Unlocking our self-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are. It is such a poor excuse for people who are afraid of change. Jane always tells everyone that she is afraid of being around groups of people. Over the years, that is what Jane believed. Every time a great number of people come, she steps back and locks herself up in a room. Jane not only believes in her story, but lives it! If we look at things in a different way, we might have greater fun. Doing exercise three times a week would result in a healthier life. Reading books every day would build up knowledge. And only when we are enjoying the whole process (过程) of unlocking our self-improvement power, we will find that we can take things light and become happy. 1．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing Paragraph 2? A．To show that health is the most important. B．To list the problems people often have in their life. C．To tell that people do not know their problems at times. D．To show that we learn lessons when having pain. 2．What advice (建议) is helpful to Jane’s problem? A．Always believe in herself. B．Unlock herself out of the box of thought. C．Get on with people in a friendly way. D．Talk with people around her patiently. 3．Which of the following opinions may the writer support? A．Change is always good for us if we like it. B．People change when they find it easy to do that. C．If you welcome change in life, you’ll make it better. D．Process of self-improvement makes life worse. 4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Is it important to take things light? B．Are you ready for every change in life? C．Painful change, happy life! D．To unlock ourselves out of the box of thought or to stay in it? 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 【解析】本文作者论述了释放自我提升能力的力量是在一切都变得最糟糕的时候，因此作者认为迎接生活中的变化，才能把它变得更好。享受释放自我提升能力的整个过程时，我们才会意识到我们开始变得轻松快乐。 1．推理判断题。根据“We see the warning signs when things get difficult.”可知，第2段主要告诉我们，当事情变得艰难时，我们会看到警告信号。也就是说，我们在经历痛苦时才会吸取了教训。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Unlocking our self-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are.”可知，释放我们自我提升的力量意味着把我们自己从思维的盒子里解放出来。因此，要解决Jane的问题，要建议她把自己从思维的盒子里解放出来。故选B。 3．观点态度题。根据第五段“Happy people don’t just accept change; they welcome it.”可知，快乐的人不仅仅接受改变；他们对此表示欢迎。也就是说，作者认为，如果你欢迎生活中的变化，你会让它变得更好。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，尤其是“Unlocking our self-improvement power means unlocking ourselves out of the box of thought that is just the way we are. It is such a poor excuse for people who are afraid of change.”以及最后一句“And only when we are enjoying the whole process (过程) of unlocking out self-improvement power, we will find that we can take things light and become happy.”可知，作者认为享受释放自我提升能力的整个过程时，我们才会意识到我们开始变得轻松快乐，所以适合本文的标题是：是把我们自己从思想的盒子里打开还是留在里面？故选D。 14 Do you know why you get angry so easily, but your friend smiles all the time? It’s because you both have different personalities. Then what is personality? It’s about how people think, behave and react to everything around them. So what makes people think and behave in certain ways? Part of the reason is that people are born like this. A baby gets its genes and blood type when it is still inside its mother. These may help decide what the baby will be like. But one’s personality doesn’t stop here. Family life, school learning and life experiences can also make you the person you are. But this doesn’t mean you can’t change your personality. You can always try to make yourself better. Don’t get too worried if you don’t have a good personality. ★ This is a good way to start making changes. For example, if you don’t know how to make friends, find out why. Is it because you’re too shy? If so, tell yourself to smile at people. Start talking to people kindly. But don’t give yourself a hard time about it all. After all, it’snot easy to change lifelong habits in one night. Just keep trying, one day you can see that you can turn over a new leaf and be a new you! 1．Personality is about the following except ________. A．what people look like B．how people think C．how people behave D．how people react to something 2．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．Just change everything in one night. B．Just be yourself and stay alone. C．Just face it and take action. D．Just give yourself a hard time. 3．What can help decide a person’s personality? ①blood type ②genes ③family life ④school learning ⑤height ⑥life experiences A．①②③④⑤ B．①②③④⑥ C．①②④⑤⑥ D．①②③⑤⑥ 4．Which can be the best title for the passage? A．Facts About Personality B．Be a New You C．Personality Decides Life D．Personality Is Important 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了什么是性格，性格是怎么形成的以及如何改变自己的性格，成为更好的自己。 1．细节理解题。根据“Then what is personality? It’s about how people think, behave and react to everything around them.”可知，性格是关于人们如何思考、行为表现和对周围一切事物的反应，不包括人的外貌。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“Don’t get too worried if you don’t have a good personality.”可知，性格不好也不要太担心，因此此处说要面对自己的性格，选项C“只要面对它并采取行动”符合语境。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“A baby gets its genes and blood type when it is still inside its mother”及“ Family life, school learning and life experiences can also make you the person you are.”可知，一个人的基因、血型、家庭生活、学校学习及生活经历有助于决定其性格。故选B。 4．最佳标题题。根据“Just keep trying, one day you can see that you can turn over a new leaf and be a new you!”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了性格的形成，并告诉我们只要不断尝试，总有一天会翻开新的一页，成为一个新的自己，因此“成为全新的自己”符合标题。故选B。 15 Nick is my neighbor. He worked in a bookstore. But last month, he lost his work in the bookstore. He didn’t have anything to do now. He wanted to find a new job very much. One Monday, Nick saw an ad in a window. It said, “Wanted. The Best Salesman in the World Top Pay.” Nick thought he was a great salesman and went to ask for the job. “I am the best salesman in the world,” he said to the manager, “give me the job.” “You must prove (证明) you’re the best,” the manager said. “OK, I will!” Nick answered. “Good!” The manager took a box of sweets out of his desk. “Last week I bought a thousand boxes of sweets. If you can sell them all before the end of the week, you can have the job,” said the manager.  “That’s easy.” Nick said. He took the boxes of sweets and left the office. He went from shop to shop from that day, trying to sell the boxes of sweets. But he couldn’t sell one. The sweets were too bad for him to sell. At the end of the week, he went back to the manager. “I’m sorry, sir.” He said. “I was wrong about myself. I’m not the best salesman in the world, but I know who is.” “Oh,” said the manager. “Who?” “The person who sold you a thousand boxes of these sweets.” Nick said. 1．When did Nick lose his work in the bookstore? A．Last night. B．Last week. C．Last month. D．Last year. 2．Why did Nick ask for the job? A．Because he thought he was the best salesman in the world. B．Because he thought he could sell all the sweets. C．Because he wanted to eat the sweets. D．Because he knew the manager well. 3．To sell the sweets, what did Nick do? A．He asked the manager to help him. B．He bought all the sweets. C．He went from shop to shop. D．He went from home to home. 4．According to the story, which of the following is RIGHT? A．Nick sold some of the sweets. B．The sweets were too expensive. C．Nick was not clever at all. D．The sweets were terrible. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 【解析】本文讲述了Nick失业后寻找新工作，应聘销售员职位时被要求证明自己是世界上最好的销售员，但未能成功卖出作为考核标准的一千盒糖果，最终意识到自己并非最好的销售员。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“But last month, he lost his work in the bookstore.”可知，Nick上个月失去了在书店的工作。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“Nick thought he was a great salesman and went to ask for the job.”可知Nick 认为自己是最好的销售员，所以去应聘这个工作。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“He went from shop to shop from that day, trying to sell the boxes of sweets.”可知，Nick为了卖掉糖果，去了许多商店。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文中“But he couldn’t sell one. The sweets were too bad for him to sell.”可知，糖果很糟糕，导致Nick一盒都没卖掉。故选D。 ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$