精品解析：2025届江苏省南京市高三下学期考前综合训练英语试题

南京市2025届高三年级考前综合训练题 英语 2025.05 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Merlin Ride What is the Merlin Ride? The Merlin Ride starts from the village of Cross Hands, which is 12 miles from Carmarthen at the end of the M4, making it accessible by car. With multiple distances on offer, it’s suitable for a wide range of riders who want to put themselves to the test. What routes are on offer? The 90 km route includes a 1,100 m of climbing, although to be fair almost all of it is on gently rolling roads. Moving up to the 110 km route might not seem like much of an increase in distance but the extra 20 km includes some of the toughest riding, taking in the long climb from the village of Tre castle towards the Usk Reservoir. The 165 km route is a bit of a monster, featuring some sharper climbs that will test even the strongest of climbers. Later in the route, climbers rejoin the middle distance route to take in the Usk Reservoir section. There will be feed stations along the route. Full mechanical support is also offered, as is first aid. Anything else I need to know? Pre-Registration for the event is from 7 p. m. on Saturday 10th August at County Cycles, Unit 1, 22B Heol Stanllyd. Registration on 11th August is from 6:30 a. m. A post-ride meal is also expected to be arranged. And as all funds raised will be donated to the local hospital, you’re not just riding for yourself but also to promote a great cause. 1. What can a participant of the Merlin Ride enjoy? A. Free tests on bicycles. B. Different route choices. C. Relaxing riding experience D. Professional car maintenance. 2. What makes the 165 km more challenging? A. More difficult climbs. B. A hidden monster. C. Less mechanical support. D. The Usk Reservoir section. 3. What are participants expected to do if they are to join the ride? A. Bring food to share. B. Make a donation. C. Join the first aid team. D. Sign up in advance. B In Warsaw, late October 1943, two nurses, Irena Sendler and Janina Grabowska, were enjoying a rare moment of peace in their war-torn city. But their laughter froze when they heard the Gestapo pounding on Sendler’s door. Knowing she was minutes from arrest, she threw Janina her most dangerous possession: a glass bottle containing the names of over 2,000 Jewish children she brought to safety secretly. This arrest wasn’t the first scenes Sendler had faced in her lifelong struggles. She grew up in a town with many Jewish people, where her father treated poor Jewish patients other doctors refused to help. Sendler was angry at the constant discrimination against her Jewish friends. In 1940, Hitler announced that Jews in Warsaw were to be forced into just over one square mile of land. Bordered by high walls and subject to constant monitoring, families living in the Warsaw Ghetto (犹太区) quickly became starving and sick. Sendler and her colleagues secured the passes to the ghetto by reason of checking for disease outbreaks. Moved by the scenes where desperate parents struggled to send their children out of the ghetto, Sendler and her associates developed an organized campaign of rescue missions. Children were hidden in dirty clothes, packed into boxes on trains, and carried beneath the Gestapo’s noses in toolboxes and briefcases. To keep track of every child, Sendler kept painstaking records on thin cigarette paper and stored them in glass bottles. At 3 a. m. on October 20th, the Gestapo burst into Sendler’s apartment and arrested her. Despite months of physical and mental sufferings, Sendler disclosed no information. She was sentenced to death on January 20th, 1944, but, fortunately, was rescued by her associates as she walked to her death. After the war, Sendler reconnected with the children she’d helped escape. Despite all the lives she saved, Sendler remained hesitant to accept praise for her actions, remarking, “I continue to feel uneasy in my conscience (良心) because I did so little.” 4. Why did Irena Sendler and her associates enter the Warsaw Ghetto? A. To give passes to the starving Jews. B To help Jewish children escape. C. To check for disease outbreaks. D. To monitor Jewish patients. 5. What does “them” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. Gestapo’s cigarettes. B. Rescue missions. C. Painful memories. D. Children’s names. 6. Which of the following can best describe Sendler’ A. Independent and brave. B. Communicative and patient. C. Confident and energetic. D. Courageous and sympathetic. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The glass bottles: secrets revealed B. The Warsaw Ghetto: a dark history C. The brave rescuer of Jewish children in Warsaw D The everlasting friendship in the Second World War C At the Royal Mint (铸币厂) in the U. K., near a building where billions of British coins are made each year, gold is now being recovered from electronic waste. “It’s essentially urban mining,” says Inga. Doak, the Royal Mint’s head of sustainability. “We’re mining from a waste product and realizing the value of the material within it.” At a new factory, machines break down old circuit boards, and the parts filled with gold are sent to a chemical bath that pulls out the precious material within minutes! The technology, a patented system designed by a company called Excir, is more sustainable than typical recycling. “The key element is that we can recover that gold at room temperature,” Doak says. That means that the process uses far less energy than other alternatives. The new factory also avoids shipping e-waste overseas for recycling, which is what happens to most old phones and computers in the U. K. now. The gold that’s taken out looks like a powder (粉状物), and can then be heated up to turn into a shiny, high-purity nugget (金块). The Royal Mint doesn’t need gold for people’s change anymore, of course, but it is using the gold first to make a line of jewelry, and then could also use it for products like collectible coins. The project is part of the evolution of the business: While the Royal Mint has been making coins for more than a thousand years, the move to digital money means that fewer coins are needed. The mint has been focusing more on collectible coins, and started considering how to innovate with gold. “Precious metals are really vital to our history,” Doak says “So we started to think about how we source and use gold, for instance. How do we maintain our skilled workforce from the circulating coin division but assign them to other parts of business?” When the mint’s overseas currency (货币) division closed earlier this year, all 230 workers got new jobs at the company, including at the new gold recycling plant. 8. What does the Royal Mint do with electronic waste? A. Make circulating coins out of it. B. Harvest gold from it. C. Take harmful chemicals out of it. D. Recycle circuit boards in it. 9. The system designed by Excir is more sustainable than typical recycling in that ______. A. it consumes less energy B. it reduces shipment fees C. it cools room temperature. D. it updates more old computers 10. What makes the Royal Mint start considering innovation? A. The shift to digital currency. B. Profits in the jewelry industry. C Evolution of gold materials. D. A trend of collecting coins. 11. According to the last paragraph, the mint’s new action leads to ______. A. reduced cost of workforce B. the avoidance of talent loss C. better circulation of currency D. the expansion of overseas market D In the Alps and Apennines of southern Europe, longhorn beetles are moving uphill, and a rare brown butterfly with orange-tipped wings is facing extinction due to isolation (隔离) at high peaks. This is a picture of a global trend. With temperatures rising and pressure on biodiversity growing, insects vital to our ecosystems are not only moving north and south, but up. Research shows many animals are making similar moves, but insects’ high levels of mobility and short generation times allow them to respond quickly to change. Bumblebees in the Pyrenees have moved upwards on average by more than a metre a year, with some species making significantly greater journeys. All of this shows the speed of climate change and its ecological impacts at higher altitudes (海拔). In ecology, finding the “smoking gun” to neatly explain any phenomenon is generally difficult. Prof. Christy McCain, who runs Colorado University’s Mountain Lab, said: “One thing that people don’t think about as much is context: how climate affects insects at different life stages, such as eggs and larvae (幼虫). Measuring adults in summer might not reveal the most critical impacts of climate change, especially in cold and dry mountain environments.” McCain believes the way data has been collected historically is preventing their understanding, with too many museum specimens (标本) from low altitudes, and far fewer from higher up. And many groups other than butterflies and moths (蛾) have been neglected. To support her view, she cites research on carrion beetles by a student in her lab. The study shows that climate tolerance might be passed down in these impacts, which play a key role in decomposition and protect them from extreme conditions. Their long history since the Cretaceous (白垩纪) also aids their adaptation today. There is no such thing as a standard insect or response to environmental change. For some groups, it might be a case of the bigger and more mobile they are, the better their chances. There is also no universal upland habitat and this too could prove a saving grace. 12. Bumblebees in the Pyrenees are mentioned because ______. A. they are more mobile than other insects B. they have adapted well to higher altitudes C. they are a useful indicator of climate change D. they face extinction due to upward movement 13. Which statement may McCain agree with according to paragraphs 3 and 4? A. Study context is beyond grasp. B. Research data are hard to obtain. C. Insect samples are unrepresentative. D. Collection method is unconventional. 14. Why does McCain cite research on carrion beetles? A. To argue for their sensitivity to environmental changes. B. To call for the protection of insects from higher altitudes. C. To redirect focus from insects moving uphill to those downhill. D To offer new insights into insects’ adaptation to climate change. 15. What does “a saving grace” in the last paragraph mean? A. A method used to collect data. B. A problem that needs to be solved. C. A feature that helps improve a situation. D. A type of insect that adapts well to change. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I first became interested in the Rubik’s Cube (魔方) when I was 13 because I wanted to use it in my magic trick routine. I soon realized that if I really made an effort. I could solve the cube. I started watching videos that explained the algorithms (算法). I watched them every day and I became fascinated. ____16____ In 2019, Rubik’s Cube hired me as a brand ambassador (大使), and I began making video content for them. Every job I’ve ever had has been in some way related to the skills I’ve acquired through cubing. ____17____ It has also shown me that success is often the result of messing up. As well as working as a brand ambassador, I do Guinness World Records to get recognition for the cube. For the Guinness World Record at the London Marathon in 2024, Rubik’s sent me 600 cubes, which my friends scrambled (打乱). The cubes were then put into bags. During the race, I had two bags on my front: one for the scrambled cubes and the other for the solved cubes. ____18____ I had people waiting at checkpoints every two miles to exchange bags with me and give me 50 scrambled cubes in return for the 50 I had solved. This meant I was carrying ten kilos of cubes with me for the entire race. ____19____ In this way, everything was documented and then confirmed by Guinness World Records to make it official. ____20____ We’re not competing against each other, but against ourselves. In 2024, I beat my quickest solving time of 3.31 seconds, reducing it to 3.25 seconds. It was a great feeling! I believe anyone can solve the cube — it’s just a question of hard work and putting in the time. A. It has taught me hard work and problem-solving. B. I managed to solve 520 cubes while I was running. C. About a year later, I won my first UK champion title. D. I also had a camera on my head to film myself solving. E. To keep my mind sharp, I ran 100 kilometres per week. F. The thing I like most about cubing is the inclusive community. G. This is necessary, as I regularly travel to competitions around the world. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Eminem, whose real name is Marshall Bruce, is one of the most influential figures in America. He ____21____ his reputation in the late 1990s with his first album “Slim Shady LP”. Eminem’s songs are often ____22____ by their fast-paced music style. He had a poor childhood. His parents ____23____ when he was only six months old. Living with his mother, Eminem struggled with financial difficulties as a child, which was a constant source of ____24____ and uncertainty. They moved ____25____ between Kansas City and Detroit, where Eminem attended 20 different schools. Eminem grew up in poverty, ____26____ welfare and free school lunch programs. He was bullied in school, which added to his feelings of anger. Eminem lived in the “black neighborhood” of Detroit, where he ____27____ violence, drug dealing, and other ____28____ activities. He described seeing dead bodies in the street, which left a lasting impact on him. Despite the ____29____ environment, Detroit also provided the material for his musical _____30_____. He participated in freestyle battles (即兴说唱) and rap scenes, which helped him develop his skills and gain _____31_____. Eminem’s growth was _____32_____ by poverty, family instability, and _____33_____ to violence, all of which he _____34_____ into his music. His ability to transform his personal _____35_____ into art has made him one of the most successful rappers in the world. 21 A. deserved B. established C. maintained D. improved 22. A. characterized B. controlled C. affected D. interpreted 23. A. died B. separated C. disappeared D. quarreled 24. A. stress B. thrill C. regret D. guilt 25. A. slowly B. frequently C. smoothly D. regularly 26. A. taking on B. working on C. acting on D. relying on 27. A. reported B. undertook C. witnessed D. prevented 28. A. criminal B. daily C. outdoor D. musical 29. A. unfamiliar B. awesome C. stable D. tough 30. A. class B. tradition C. career D. value 31. A. entry B. trust C. independence D. recognition 32. A. suspended B. measured C. marked D. limited 33. A. adaptation B. exposure C. commitment D. solution 34. A. forced B. turned C. channeled D. sliced 35. A. achievements B. struggles C. feelings D. interests 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A mushroom used for centuries in Chinese medicine reduces weight gain in animals, say researchers. The study, ____36____ (publish) in Nature Communications, suggested Ganoderma lucidum (灵芝) slowed weight gain by changing bacteria (细菌) in the stomach. The researchers suggested the mushroom should eventually be used in the ____37____ (treat) of obesity (肥胖). The team analysed the impact of the fungus (菌) on mice ____38____ (feed) a high-fat diet. Those ____39____ just a high-fat diet reached 42 g after their first two months while all the mice ____40____ were also given a large amount of mushroom reached only 35 g. In their report, the team said mushroom “may be used as a kind of food ____41____ (reduce) body weight gain in obese individuals.” Although this would, they said, need ____42____ (far) testing in people. The study also showed that adding the mushroom to the mice’s meals changed the types of bacteria living in the stomach, which are heavily involved in digestion and ____43____ release of energy. The scientists discovered that transplanting droppings from the mushroom-fed mice to other mice ____44____ (help) the recipient keep off the pounds. Prof. Colin Hill, a microbiologist at University College Cork in Ireland, told the BBC News website: “I like the idea of some of these Chinese medicine stories coming back into science. I love it ____45____ we revisit traditional medicines.” 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 校英语报收集了学生对英语选修课的反馈。请你根据调查结果，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 描述调查结果； 2. 提出相关建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Feedback on English Elective Courses Recently, our school conducted a survey on students’ feedback on English elective courses. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Even in our darkest moments, kindness still exists in the world, often emerging from the most unexpected places. I learned this lesson early in my life. At nine years old, I had been through more than the usual amount of excitement and change for a girl my age. In the past few months, my stable life had been turned upside down when my father, who was a nurse, was laid off from his job at a local hospital. This set into motion a series of events, including my parents losing our beautiful Victorian home and forcing our family into a fifteen-foot pull trailer (挂车) we had previously only used for weekend camping trips. My parents also withdrew me from my private school and began homeschooling my brother and me. Life in the trailer was tough. We were incredibly crowded. I’ll never forget the first time we sat on the tiny couch together, the one that served as my parents’ bed at night. When Mom, Dad, my brother, and I all sat on the couch (沙发) at the end of the trailer, the entire front end began to tip in our direction, forcing one of us to jump up and rolled to the front. This settled the trailer back on the ground. “Well, at least we know we’re all in this together!” Dad laughed it off. Things were getting bleak (不乐观的). One day, Mom made out a shopping list while the last of our food, fried chicken, sizzled (发出咝咝声) on the stove top. “We don’t have enough food to last the week,” she let out a sigh. Then Mom got up and started putting the chicken on a plate for dinner. I opened the tiny door and let the smell of dinner follow me as I wandered outside to find my dad. He was working on our broken-down truck. Then, I noticed a man walking up to our humble home. “Can I help you, sir?” my dad asked in his friendly way. “I’m hoping you can,” he said. “I’m starving, but payday isn’t until tomorrow.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I looked up at Dad, knowing we didn’t have much. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, we found some paper bags with a thank-you note by our trailer door. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 南京市2025届高三年级考前综合训练题 英语 2025.05 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Merlin Ride What is the Merlin Ride? The Merlin Ride starts from the village of Cross Hands, which is 12 miles from Carmarthen at the end of the M4, making it accessible by car. With multiple distances on offer, it’s suitable for a wide range of riders who want to put themselves to the test. What routes are on offer? The 90 km route includes a 1,100 m of climbing, although to be fair almost all of it is on gently rolling roads. Moving up to the 110 km route might not seem like much of an increase in distance but the extra 20 km includes some of the toughest riding, taking in the long climb from the village of Tre castle towards the Usk Reservoir. The 165 km route is a bit of a monster, featuring some sharper climbs that will test even the strongest of climbers. Later in the route, climbers rejoin the middle distance route to take in the Usk Reservoir section. There will be feed stations along the route. Full mechanical support is also offered, as is first aid. Anything else I need to know? Pre-Registration for the event is from 7 p. m. on Saturday 10th August at County Cycles, Unit 1, 22B Heol Stanllyd. Registration on 11th August is from 6:30 a. m. A post-ride meal is also expected to be arranged. And as all funds raised will be donated to the local hospital, you’re not just riding for yourself but also to promote a great cause. 1. What can a participant of the Merlin Ride enjoy? A. Free tests on bicycles. B. Different route choices. C. Relaxing riding experience D. Professional car maintenance. 2. What makes the 165 km more challenging? A. More difficult climbs. B. A hidden monster. C. Less mechanical support. D. The Usk Reservoir section. 3. What are participants expected to do if they are to join the ride? A. Bring food to share. B. Make a donation. C Join the first aid team. D. Sign up in advance. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了梅林骑行活动的相关信息，包括骑行起点、路线选择、活动支持以及报名事宜等。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“What routes are on offer?”部分内容可知，梅林骑行活动提供了90公里、110公里和165公里三种不同的路线选择，以满足不同骑行者的需求。因此，参与者可以享受不同的路线选择。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“What routes are on offer?”部分中“The 165 km route is a bit of a monster, featuring some sharper climbs that will test even the strongest of climbers. (165公里的路线有点挑战性，有一些更陡峭的爬坡，即使是最强的爬坡者也会受到考验)”可知，165公里的路线更具挑战性是因为它包含了一些更陡峭的爬坡。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Anything else I need to know?”部分中“Pre-Registration for the event is from 7 p. m. on Saturday 10th August at County Cycles, Unit 1, 22B Heol Stanllyd. (活动的预注册时间为8月10日（星期六）晚上7点，地点在County Cycles, Unit 1, 22B Heol Stanllyd）”可知，如果参与者想要参加这次骑行活动，他们需要提前报名。故选D项。 B In Warsaw, late October 1943, two nurses, Irena Sendler and Janina Grabowska, were enjoying a rare moment of peace in their war-torn city. But their laughter froze when they heard the Gestapo pounding on Sendler’s door. Knowing she was minutes from arrest, she threw Janina her most dangerous possession: a glass bottle containing the names of over 2,000 Jewish children she brought to safety secretly. This arrest wasn’t the first scenes Sendler had faced in her lifelong struggles. She grew up in a town with many Jewish people, where her father treated poor Jewish patients other doctors refused to help. Sendler was angry at the constant discrimination against her Jewish friends. In 1940, Hitler announced that Jews in Warsaw were to be forced into just over one square mile of land. Bordered by high walls and subject to constant monitoring, families living in the Warsaw Ghetto (犹太区) quickly became starving and sick. Sendler and her colleagues secured the passes to the ghetto by reason of checking for disease outbreaks. Moved by the scenes where desperate parents struggled to send their children out of the ghetto, Sendler and her associates developed an organized campaign of rescue missions. Children were hidden in dirty clothes, packed into boxes on trains, and carried beneath the Gestapo’s noses in toolboxes and briefcases. To keep track of every child, Sendler kept painstaking records on thin cigarette paper and stored them in glass bottles. At 3 a. m. on October 20th, the Gestapo burst into Sendler’s apartment and arrested her. Despite months of physical and mental sufferings, Sendler disclosed no information. She was sentenced to death on January 20th, 1944, but, fortunately, was rescued by her associates as she walked to her death. After the war, Sendler reconnected with the children she’d helped escape. Despite all the lives she saved, Sendler remained hesitant to accept praise for her actions, remarking, “I continue to feel uneasy in my conscience (良心) because I did so little.” 4. Why did Irena Sendler and her associates enter the Warsaw Ghetto? A. To give passes to the starving Jews. B. To help Jewish children escape. C. To check for disease outbreaks. D. To monitor Jewish patients. 5. What does “them” in paragraph 3 refer to? A Gestapo’s cigarettes. B. Rescue missions. C Painful memories. D. Children’s names. 6. Which of the following can best describe Sendler’ A. Independent and brave. B. Communicative and patient. C. Confident and energetic. D. Courageous and sympathetic. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The glass bottles: secrets revealed B. The Warsaw Ghetto: a dark history C. The brave rescuer of Jewish children in Warsaw D. The everlasting friendship in the Second World War 【答案】4 B 5. D 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Irena Sendler二战期间勇敢救援犹太儿童的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第三段“Moved by the scenes where desperate parents struggled to send their children out of the ghetto, Sendler and her associates developed an organized campaign of rescue missions. (被绝望的父母努力将孩子送出犹太区的场景所感动，Sendler和她的同伴们发起了一场有组织的救援行动)”可知，Irena Sendler和她的同伴进入华沙犹太区是为了帮助犹太儿童逃离。故选B。 【5题详解】 词句猜测题。 根据第三段“To keep track of every child, Sendler kept painstaking records on thin cigarette paper and stored them in glass bottles.(为了追踪每一个孩子，Sendler在薄薄的烟纸上做了细致的记录，并把它们储存在玻璃瓶里)”可知，为了追踪每个孩子，Sendler把记录写在薄烟纸上并储存在玻璃瓶里，them指代“记录”，即孩子们的名字。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。 根据第三段“Moved by the scenes where desperate parents struggled to send their children out of the ghetto, Sendler and her associates developed an organized campaign of rescue missions. (被绝望的父母努力将孩子送出犹太区的场景所感动，Sendler和她的同伴们发起了一场有组织的救援行动)”，倒数第二段“At 3 a. m. on October 20th, the Gestapo burst into Sendler’s apartment and arrested her. Despite months of physical and mental sufferings, Sendler disclosed no information. (10月20日凌晨3点，盖世太保闯入森德勒的公寓并逮捕了她。尽管经历了数月的身心痛苦，森德勒没有透露任何信息)”和最后一段“Despite all the lives she saved, Sendler remained hesitant to accept praise for her actions, remarking, “I continue to feel uneasy in my conscience (良心) because I did so little.” (尽管她拯救了许多生命，但Sendler仍然不愿接受对她行为的赞扬，她说：“我仍然感到良心不安，因为我做得太少了”)”可知，Sendler冒着生命危险组织救援犹太儿童，面对盖世太保的逮捕和酷刑仍不屈服，体现“勇敢”；她因同情犹太朋友遭受的歧视而投身救援，看到犹太区的惨状后发起营救行动，体现“富有同情心”。故选D。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。 根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了Irena Sendler在二战期间勇敢地拯救了2000多名犹太儿童的故事，她不顾个人安危，秘密地将这些孩子带出华沙犹太区，并记录下他们的名字以确保他们能安全地生活。因此，选项C“华沙犹太儿童的勇敢救援者”最能概括文章的主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选C。 C At the Royal Mint (铸币厂) in the U. K., near a building where billions of British coins are made each year, gold is now being recovered from electronic waste. “It’s essentially urban mining,” says Inga. Doak, the Royal Mint’s head of sustainability. “We’re mining from a waste product and realizing the value of the material within it.” At a new factory, machines break down old circuit boards, and the parts filled with gold are sent to a chemical bath that pulls out the precious material within minutes! The technology, a patented system designed by a company called Excir, is more sustainable than typical recycling. “The key element is that we can recover that gold at room temperature,” Doak says. That means that the process uses far less energy than other alternatives. The new factory also avoids shipping e-waste overseas for recycling, which is what happens to most old phones and computers in the U. K. now. The gold that’s taken out looks like a powder (粉状物), and can then be heated up to turn into a shiny, high-purity nugget (金块). The Royal Mint doesn’t need gold for people’s change anymore, of course, but it is using the gold first to make a line of jewelry, and then could also use it for products like collectible coins. The project is part of the evolution of the business: While the Royal Mint has been making coins for more than a thousand years, the move to digital money means that fewer coins are needed. The mint has been focusing more on collectible coins, and started considering how to innovate with gold. “Precious metals are really vital to our history,” Doak says “So we started to think about how we source and use gold, for instance. How do we maintain our skilled workforce from the circulating coin division but assign them to other parts of business?” When the mint’s overseas currency (货币) division closed earlier this year, all 230 workers got new jobs at the company, including at the new gold recycling plant. 8. What does the Royal Mint do with electronic waste? A. Make circulating coins out of it. B. Harvest gold from it. C. Take harmful chemicals out of it. D. Recycle circuit boards in it. 9. The system designed by Excir is more sustainable than typical recycling in that ______. A. it consumes less energy B. it reduces shipment fees C. it cools room temperature. D. it updates more old computers 10. What makes the Royal Mint start considering innovation? A. The shift to digital currency. B. Profits in the jewelry industry. C. Evolution of gold materials. D. A trend of collecting coins. 11. According to the last paragraph the mint’s new action leads to ______. A. reduced cost of workforce B. the avoidance of talent loss C. better circulation of currency D. the expansion of overseas market 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国皇家铸币厂从电子垃圾中回收黄金的举措。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第一段“At the Royal Mint (铸币厂) in the U. K., near a building where billions of British coins are made each year, gold is now being recovered from electronic waste.(在英国皇家铸币厂，靠近一座每年生产数十亿枚英国硬币的建筑旁，如今正从电子废弃物中回收黄金。)”可知，皇家铸币厂正在从电子垃圾中回收黄金。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The key element is that we can recover that gold at room temperature,” Doak says. That means that the process uses far less energy than other alternatives.(多克说:“关键在于我们可以在室温下回收黄金。”这意味着这个过程比其他替代品消耗的能源要少得多。)”可知，Excir设计的系统比典型的回收系统更可持续，因为它消耗的能源更少。故选A。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。 根据第五段“The project is part of the evolution of the business: While the Royal Mint has been making coins for more than a thousand years, the move to digital money means that fewer coins are needed. The mint has been focusing more on collectible coins, and started considering how to innovate with gold.(该项目是业务发展的一部分:虽然皇家铸币厂已经制造硬币一千多年了，但向数字货币的转变意味着需要更少的硬币。铸币厂一直更关注收藏硬币，并开始考虑如何用黄金进行创新)”可知，是向数字货币的转变促使皇家铸币厂开始考虑创新。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。 根据最后一段“When the mint’s overseas currency (货币) division closed earlier this year, all 230 workers got new jobs at the company, including at the new gold recycling plant.(今年早些时候，当铸币厂的海外货币部门关闭时，所有230名工人都在公司找到了新工作，包括在新建的黄金回收厂)”可知，当铸币厂的海外货币部门关闭时，所有230名工人都在公司找到了新工作。由此推知，铸币厂的新行动避免了人才流失。故选B。 D In the Alps and Apennines of southern Europe, longhorn beetles are moving uphill, and a rare brown butterfly with orange-tipped wings is facing extinction due to isolation (隔离) at high peaks. This is a picture of a global trend. With temperatures rising and pressure on biodiversity growing, insects vital to our ecosystems are not only moving north and south, but up. Research shows many animals are making similar moves, but insects’ high levels of mobility and short generation times allow them to respond quickly to change. Bumblebees in the Pyrenees have moved upwards on average by more than a metre a year, with some species making significantly greater journeys. All of this shows the speed of climate change and its ecological impacts at higher altitudes (海拔). In ecology, finding the “smoking gun” to neatly explain any phenomenon is generally difficult. Prof. Christy McCain, who runs Colorado University’s Mountain Lab, said: “One thing that people don’t think about as much is context: how climate affects insects at different life stages, such as eggs and larvae (幼虫). Measuring adults in summer might not reveal the most critical impacts of climate change, especially in cold and dry mountain environments.” McCain believes the way data has been collected historically is preventing their understanding, with too many museum specimens (标本) from low altitudes, and far fewer from higher up. And many groups other than butterflies and moths (蛾) have been neglected. To support her view, she cites research on carrion beetles by a student in her lab. The study shows that climate tolerance might be passed down in these impacts, which play a key role in decomposition and protect them from extreme conditions. Their long history since the Cretaceous (白垩纪) also aids their adaptation today. There is no such thing as a standard insect or response to environmental change. For some groups, it might be a case of the bigger and more mobile they are, the better their chances. There is also no universal upland habitat and this too could prove a saving grace. 12. Bumblebees in the Pyrenees are mentioned because ______. A. they are more mobile than other insects B. they have adapted well to higher altitudes C. they are a useful indicator of climate change D. they face extinction due to upward movement 13. Which statement may McCain agree with according to paragraphs 3 and 4? A. Study context is beyond grasp. B. Research data are hard to obtain. C. Insect samples are unrepresentative. D. Collection method is unconventional. 14. Why does McCain cite research on carrion beetles? A. To argue for their sensitivity to environmental changes. B. To call for the protection of insects from higher altitudes. C. To redirect focus from insects moving uphill to those downhill. D. To offer new insights into insects’ adaptation to climate change. 15. What does “a saving grace” in the last paragraph mean? A. A method used to collect data. B. A problem that needs to be solved. C. A feature that helps improve a situation. D. A type of insect that adapts well to change. 【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了随着气温上升和生物多样性压力增大，昆虫向高海拔迁移这一全球趋势，分析了研究中存在的问题，并提及不同昆虫对气候变化的适应情况。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Research shows many animals are making similar moves, but insects’ high levels of mobility and short generation times allow them to respond quickly to change. Bumblebees in the Pyrenees have moved upwards on average by more than a metre a year, with some species making significantly greater journeys. All of this shows the speed of climate change and its ecological impacts at higher altitudes. (研究表明，许多动物都在做出类似的迁移，但昆虫的高机动性和短代际时间使它们能够迅速对变化做出反应。比利牛斯山脉的大黄蜂平均每年向上迁移超过一米，一些物种的迁移距离明显更远。所有这些都显示了气候变化的速度及其在高海拔地区的生态影响。)”可知，提到比利牛斯山脉的大黄蜂的向上迁移是因为它们能反映气候变化的情况，是气候变化的一个有用指标。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“One thing that people don’t think about as much is context: how climate affects insects at different life stages, such as eggs and larvae. Measuring adults in summer might not reveal the most critical impacts of climate change, especially in cold and dry mountain environments. (人们不太考虑的一件事是背景：气候如何影响昆虫在不同生命阶段，如卵和幼虫。在夏天测量成虫可能无法揭示气候变化最关键的影响，尤其是在寒冷干燥的山区环境中。)”和第四段中“McCain believes the way data has been collected historically is preventing their understanding, with too many museum specimens from low altitudes, and far fewer from higher up. And many groups other than butterflies and moths have been neglected. (麦凯恩认为，历史上的数据收集方式阻碍了他们的理解，博物馆里来自低海拔地区的标本太多，而来自高海拔地区的标本太少。除了蝴蝶和飞蛾之外的许多类群都被忽视了。)”可知，麦凯恩认为在夏天测量成虫可能无法揭示气候变化最关键的影响，且来自低海拔地区的标本太多，所以昆虫样本不能很好地代表整体情况，缺乏全面性和代表性。故选C项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。第四段中“McCain believes the way data has been collected historically is preventing their understanding, with too many museum specimens (标本) from low altitudes, and far fewer from higher up. And many groups other than butterflies and moths (蛾) have been neglected. (麦凯恩认为，历史上收集数据的方式防碍了他们的理解，因为博物馆里有太多来自低海拔地区的标本，而来自高海拔地区的标本则少得多。而除了蝴蝶和飞蛾之外的许多类群都被忽视了。)”麦凯恩提出“在昆虫适应气候变化的相关研究中，除了蝴蝶和飞蛾之外的许多类群都被忽视了”这一观点，而第五段中“To support her view, she cites research on carrion beetles by a student in her lab. The study shows that climate tolerance might be passed down in these impacts, which play a key role in decomposition and protect them from extreme conditions. Their long history since the Cretaceous also aids their adaptation today. (为了支持她的观点，她引用了她实验室里一名学生对埋葬虫的研究。研究表明，在这些影响中，气候耐受性可能会遗传下来，这在分解过程中起着关键作用，并保护它们免受极端条件的影响。它们自白垩纪以来的悠久历史也有助于它们如今的适应。)”麦凯恩引用了对埋葬虫的研究来证明自己的观点，即提供关于昆虫适应气候变化的新领悟。故选D项。 【15题详解】 词句猜测题。上文“There is no such thing as a standard insect or response to environmental change. For some groups, it might be a case of the bigger and more mobile they are, the better their chances. (没有一种标准的昆虫或对环境变化的标准反应。对于一些群体来说，可能是它们越大、越具移动性，生存机会就越好。)”说明昆虫适应环境变化的情况各不相同，接着“There is also no universal upland habitat and this too could prove a saving grace. (也没有通用的高地栖息地，这也可能被证明是一种……)”提到也没有通用的高地栖息地。鉴于昆虫适应环境存在困难的情况下，“this too could prove a saving grace”说明这种没有通用高地栖息地的情况反而可能成为帮助改善昆虫适应环境现状的一个因素。所以“a saving grace”指的是有助于改善现状的一个特征，与C项“A feature that helps improve a situation.”意思相近。故选C项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I first became interested in the Rubik’s Cube (魔方) when I was 13 because I wanted to use it in my magic trick routine. I soon realized that if I really made an effort. I could solve the cube. I started watching videos that explained the algorithms (算法). I watched them every day and I became fascinated. ____16____ In 2019, Rubik’s Cube hired me as a brand ambassador (大使), and I began making video content for them. Every job I’ve ever had has been in some way related to the skills I’ve acquired through cubing. ____17____ It has also shown me that success is often the result of messing up. As well as working as a brand ambassador, I do Guinness World Records to get recognition for the cube. For the Guinness World Record at the London Marathon in 2024, Rubik’s sent me 600 cubes, which my friends scrambled (打乱). The cubes were then put into bags. During the race, I had two bags on my front: one for the scrambled cubes and the other for the solved cubes. ____18____ I had people waiting at checkpoints every two miles to exchange bags with me and give me 50 scrambled cubes in return for the 50 I had solved. This meant I was carrying ten kilos of cubes with me for the entire race. ____19____ In this way, everything was documented and then confirmed by Guinness World Records to make it official. ____20____ We’re not competing against each other, but against ourselves. In 2024, I beat my quickest solving time of 3.31 seconds, reducing it to 3.25 seconds. It was a great feeling! I believe anyone can solve the cube — it’s just a question of hard work and putting in the time. A. It has taught me hard work and problem-solving. B. I managed to solve 520 cubes while I was running. C. About a year later, I won my first UK champion title. D. I also had a camera on my head to film myself solving. E. To keep my mind sharp, I ran 100 kilometres per week. F. The thing I like most about cubing is the inclusive community. G. This is necessary, as I regularly travel to competitions around the world. 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者因魔术对魔方产生兴趣，后成品牌大使，还在马拉松中创纪录并分享感悟。 【16题详解】 上文“I first became interested in the Rubik’s Cube when I was 13 because I wanted to use it in my magic trick routine. I soon realized that if I really made an effort. I could solve the cube. I started watching videos that explained the algorithms (算法). I watched them every day and I became fascinated.(我13岁时第一次对魔方感兴趣，因为我想在魔术表演中使用它。我很快意识到，如果我真的努力，我就能解开魔方。我开始观看讲解算法的视频。我每天都看，我被迷住了)”说明作者对魔方产生了兴趣并开始学习相关算法。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明作者在魔方学习上的进一步成果。所以C项“大约一年后，我赢得了我的第一个英国冠军头衔”符合语境“About a year later”衔接时间线，“won my first UK champion title”为后续被品牌雇佣的铺垫。故选C。 【17题详解】 上文“Every job I’ve ever had has been in some way related to the skills I’ve acquired through cubing.(我所做的每一份工作都在某种程度上与我玩魔方所获得的技能有关)”说明作者的工作与玩魔方所获得的技能有关联。下文“It has also shown me that success is often the result of messing up.(这也让我明白，成功往往是失败的结果)” 通过also表并列，强调另一层启示。空处需与上下文构成并列关系，体现魔方带来的双重影响。所以A项“它教会了我努力工作和解决问题”符合语境，“taught me hard work and problem-solving”对应上文中的 “skills”，且与下文“also shown me”结构一致。故选A。 【18题详解】 上文“During the race, I had two bags on my front: one for the scrambled cubes and the other for the solved cubes.(在比赛过程中，我前面有两个包：一个装打乱的魔方，另一个装解开的魔方)”说明作者在比赛过程中带着两个包，分别装着打乱的魔方和解开的魔方。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明作者在比赛过程中对魔方的处理情况。所以B项“我在跑步时成功解开了520个魔方”符合语境，“solved 520 cubes”承接“the solved cubes”，并引出下文换袋的原因（需处理已复原的魔方）。故选B。 【19题详解】 上文“This meant I was carrying ten kilos of cubes with me for the entire race.(这意味着我在整个比赛过程中都带着十公斤的魔方)”说明作者在比赛过程中需要携带大量的魔方。下文“In this way, everything was documented and then confirmed by Guinness World Records to make it official.(通过这种方式，一切都被记录下来，然后被吉尼斯世界纪录确认为正式)”说明需记录过程以获吉尼斯认证。空处顺接前文，并和下文形成因果关系，说明作者为了记录这一过程所采取的措施。所以D项“我头上还装了一个摄像头来拍摄自己解魔方的过程”符合语境，进一步说明了作者为了记录比赛过程所做的准备。故选D。 【20题详解】 下文“We’re not competing against each other, but against ourselves.(我们不是在互相竞争，而是在与自己竞争)”说明玩魔方的人之间不是竞争关系，而是与自己竞争。空处为该段首句，应引出下文关于玩魔方的人之间关系的话题。所以F项“我最喜欢玩魔方的一点是它包容的群体”符合语境，“inclusive community”直接呼应下文“not competing against each other”，引出对社区氛围的阐述。故选F。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Eminem, whose real name is Marshall Bruce, is one of the most influential figures in America. He ____21____ his reputation in the late 1990s with his first album “Slim Shady LP”. Eminem’s songs are often ____22____ by their fast-paced music style. He had a poor childhood. His parents ____23____ when he was only six months old. Living with his mother, Eminem struggled with financial difficulties as a child, which was a constant source of ____24____ and uncertainty. They moved ____25____ between Kansas City and Detroit, where Eminem attended 20 different schools. Eminem grew up in poverty, ____26____ welfare and free school lunch programs. He was bullied in school, which added to his feelings of anger. Eminem lived in the “black neighborhood” of Detroit, where he ____27____ violence, drug dealing, and other ____28____ activities. He described seeing dead bodies in the street, which left a lasting impact on him. Despite the ____29____ environment, Detroit also provided the material for his musical _____30_____. He participated in freestyle battles (即兴说唱) and rap scenes, which helped him develop his skills and gain _____31_____. Eminem’s growth was _____32_____ by poverty, family instability, and _____33_____ to violence, all of which he _____34_____ into his music. His ability to transform his personal _____35_____ into art has made him one of the most successful rappers in the world. 21. A. deserved B. established C. maintained D. improved 22. A. characterized B. controlled C. affected D. interpreted 23. A. died B. separated C. disappeared D. quarreled 24. A. stress B. thrill C. regret D. guilt 25. A. slowly B. frequently C. smoothly D. regularly 26. A. taking on B. working on C. acting on D. relying on 27. A. reported B. undertook C. witnessed D. prevented 28. A. criminal B. daily C. outdoor D. musical 29. A. unfamiliar B. awesome C. stable D. tough 30. A. class B. tradition C. career D. value 31. A. entry B. trust C. independence D. recognition 32. A. suspended B. measured C. marked D. limited 33. A. adaptation B. exposure C. commitment D. solution 34. A. forced B. turned C. channeled D. sliced 35. A. achievements B. struggles C. feelings D. interests 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了说唱歌手Eminem的成长经历、个人背景以及他如何将个人经历转化为音乐创作灵感，最终成为世界级成功说唱歌手的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在20世纪90年代末凭借首张专辑《The Slim Shady LP》确立了自己的声誉。A. deserved值得；B. established建立，确立；C. maintained保持；D. improved改善。根据下文“his reputation in the late 1990s with his first album “Slim Shady LP””可知，此处指Eminem凭借首张专辑“确立”了自己的声誉。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Eminem的歌曲通常以其快节奏的音乐风格为特征。A. characterized以……为特征；B. controlled控制；C. affected影响；D. interpreted解释。根据下文“by their fast-paced music style”可知，此处指Eminem的歌曲“以其快节奏的音乐风格为特征”。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的父母在他仅六个月大时就分开了。A. died死亡；B. separated分开；C. disappeared消失；D. quarreled争吵。根据下文“Living with his mother”可知，Eminem的母亲独自抚养他，由此可推断，此处指他的父母在他仅六个月大时就“分开”了。故选B项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：与母亲同住的Eminem在童年时期饱受经济困难的困扰，这是他不断承受压力和不确定感的来源。A. stress压力；B. thrill兴奋；C. regret后悔；D. guilt内疚。根据上文“financial difficulties”可知，此处指经济困难给他带来“压力”。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们频繁地在堪萨斯城和底特律之间搬家，Eminem在那里上了20所不同的学校。A. slowly缓慢地；B. frequently频繁地；C. smoothly顺利地；D. regularly定期地。根据下文“between Kansas City and Detroit, where Eminem attended 20 different schools”可知，Eminem上了20所不同的学校，由此可推断，此处指他们“频繁地”搬家。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Eminem在贫困中长大，依靠福利救济和免费的学校午餐计划生活。A. taking on承担；B. working on致力于；C. acting on对……起作用；D. relying on依靠。根据下文“welfare and free school lunch programs”可知，此处指Eminem“依靠”福利救济和免费的学校午餐计划生活。故选D项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Eminem住在底特律的“黑人社区”，在那里他目睹了暴力、贩毒和其他犯罪活动。A. reported报道；B. undertook承担；C. witnessed目睹；D. prevented阻止。根据下文“He described seeing dead bodies in the street”可知，Eminem“目睹”了暴力、贩毒和其他犯罪活动。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. criminal犯罪的；B. daily日常的；C. outdoor户外的；D. musical音乐的。根据上文“violence, drug dealing”可知，暴力、贩毒属于“犯罪”活动。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管环境艰难，底特律也为他的音乐事业提供了素材。A. unfamiliar不熟悉的；B. awesome极好的；C. stable稳定的；D. tough艰难的。根据上文“violence, drug dealing, and other ____8____ activities”可知，Eminem成长的环境“艰难”。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. class班级；B. tradition传统；C. career事业；D. value价值。根据下文“He participated in freestyle battles (即兴说唱) and rap scenes”可知，Eminem参与了即兴说唱和说唱场景，由此可推断，此处指底特律为他的音乐“事业”提供了素材。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他参与了即兴说唱和说唱场景，这有助于他发展技能并获得认可。A. entry进入；B. trust信任；C. independence独立；D. recognition认可。根据上文“He participated in freestyle battles (即兴说唱) and rap scenes”可知，Eminem通过参与即兴说唱和说唱场景发展技能，由此可推断，此处指他获得了“认可”。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Eminem的成长以贫困、家庭不稳定和接触暴力为标志，所有这些都被他融入到了他的音乐中。A. suspended暂停；B. measured测量；C. marked以……为标志；D. limited限制。根据下文“by poverty, family instability, and ____13____ to violence”可知，此处指Eminem的成长“以贫困、家庭不稳定和接触暴力为标志”。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. adaptation适应；B. exposure接触；C. commitment承诺；D. solution解决方案。根据上文“he ____7____ violence, drug dealing, and other ____8____ activities”可知，Eminem目睹了暴力、贩毒和其他犯罪活动，由此可推断，此处指他“接触”到了暴力。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. forced强迫；B. turned转动；C. channeled引导，将……导入；D. sliced切片。根据下文“into his music”可知，此处指Eminem“将贫困、家庭不稳定和接触暴力等经历融入到”了他的音乐中。channel sth. into sth. 为固定短语，意为“将……导入”，符合语境。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他将自己个人的奋斗转化为艺术的能力使他成为了世界上最成功的说唱歌手之一。A. achievements成就；B. struggles奋斗；C. feelings感觉；D. interests兴趣。根据上文“He had a poor childhood.”以及“by poverty, family instability, and ____13____ to violence”可知，Eminem成长经历艰难，由此可推断，此处指他将自己个人的“奋斗”转化为艺术。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A mushroom used for centuries in Chinese medicine reduces weight gain in animals, say researchers. The study, ____36____ (publish) in Nature Communications, suggested Ganoderma lucidum (灵芝) slowed weight gain by changing bacteria (细菌) in the stomach. The researchers suggested the mushroom should eventually be used in the ____37____ (treat) of obesity (肥胖). The team analysed the impact of the fungus (菌) on mice ____38____ (feed) a high-fat diet. Those ____39____ just a high-fat diet reached 42 g after their first two months while all the mice ____40____ were also given a large amount of mushroom reached only 35 g. In their report, the team said mushroom “may be used as a kind of food ____41____ (reduce) body weight gain in obese individuals.” Although this would, they said, need ____42____ (far) testing in people. The study also showed that adding the mushroom to the mice’s meals changed the types of bacteria living in the stomach, which are heavily involved in digestion and ____43____ release of energy. The scientists discovered that transplanting droppings from the mushroom-fed mice to other mice ____44____ (help) the recipient keep off the pounds. Prof. Colin Hill, a microbiologist at University College Cork in Ireland, told the BBC News website: “I like the idea of some of these Chinese medicine stories coming back into science. I love it ____45____ we revisit traditional medicines.” 【答案】36. published 37. treatment 38. fed 39. on 40. that 41. to reduce 42. further 43. the 44. helped 45. when 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了研究人员表示，中国医学界使用了几百年的灵芝可以减轻体重。研究表明，灵芝可以通过改变胃里的细菌来减轻体重。研究人员表示，蘑菇最终应该被用于治疗肥胖症。 【36题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：这项发表在《自然通讯》上的研究表明，灵芝通过改变胃中的细菌来减缓体重增加。非谓语动词publish和study是逻辑被动关系，publish用过去分词作后置定语修饰名词study。故填published。 【37题详解】 考查名词。句意：研究人员建议蘑菇最终应用于治疗肥胖症。“the ___2___ (treat) of obesity (肥胖)”为名词所有格结构，冠词the后需接名词，treat的名词形式为treatment，作宾语。故填treatment。 【38题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：研究小组分析了这种真菌对高脂肪饮食小鼠的影响。非谓语动词feed和mice是逻辑被动关系，feed用过去分词作后置定语修饰名词mice。故填fed。 【39题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：那些只吃高脂肪饮食的小鼠在头两个月后体重达到42克，而所有吃大量蘑菇的小鼠体重仅为35克。on a ... diet (吃……饮食)为固定搭配，故填on。 【40题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：那些只吃高脂肪饮食的小鼠在头两个月后体重达到42克，而所有吃大量蘑菇的小鼠体重仅为35克。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the mice，指物，先行词被不定代词all修饰，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词that。故填that。 【41题详解】 考查不定式。句意：在他们的报告中，研究小组表示，蘑菇“可能被用作一种食物，以减少肥胖人群的体重增加。”reduce用不定式形式作目的状语。故填to reduce。 【42题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：他们说，尽管如此，这需要在人体内进行进一步的测试。用形容词far的比较级形式further (进一步的)作定语修饰名词testing。故填further。 【43题详解】 考查定冠词。句意：该研究还表明，将蘑菇添加到小鼠的膳食中会改变胃中的细菌类型，这些细菌在很大程度上参与了消化和能量释放。特指能量的释放，需加定冠词the。故填the。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：科学家们发现，将蘑菇喂养的小鼠的粪便移植到其他小鼠身上有助于受试者减肥。help是从句谓语动词，主句谓语discovered时态为一般过去时，从句动作发生在过去，也用一般过去时。故填helped。 【45题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：当我们重新审视传统医学时，我很喜欢。用从属连词when引导时间状语从句，“I love it + when 从句”，为常见表达，强调对某一时刻或情境的喜爱。故填when。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 校英语报收集了学生对英语选修课的反馈。请你根据调查结果，写一篇短文投稿，内容包括： 1. 描述调查结果； 2. 提出相关建议。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Feedback on English Elective Courses Recently, our school conducted a survey on students’ feedback on English elective courses. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Feedback on English Elective Courses Recently, our school conducted a survey on students’ feedback on English elective courses. According to the results, the course English Films and Culture is the most welcome, accounting for 50% of the proportion while English Writing Skills is the least one below 10%. Oral Language and Communication and Literature Appreciation lie between them. For the English elective course, firstly a wider range of topics should be included, so that students can have more choices. Additionally, provide courses at varied difficulty levels to accommodate students with different English proficiency. Through these recommendations, we can further improve the quality of English elective courses, making them more engaging, practical, and accessible to all students. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇投稿征文。要求学生就校英语报收集的学生对英语选修课的反馈写一篇短文投稿 【详解】1.词汇积累： 占据：account for→occupy/taking up 而且：additionally→in addition/what’s more 提供：provide→supply 建议：recommendation→advice/proposal 2.句式拓展： 同义句替换 原句：Additionally, provide courses at varied difficulty levels to accommodate students with different English proficiency. 拓展句：Additionally, it is a wise idea to provide courses at varied difficulty levels to accommodate students with different English proficiency. 【点睛】【高分句型1】For the English elective course, firstly a wider range of topics should be included, so that students can have more choices.(运用了so that引导结果状语从句。) 【高分句型2】Through these recommendations, we can further improve the quality of English elective courses, making them more engaging, practical, and accessible to all students.(运用了现在分词作状语。) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Even in our darkest moments, kindness still exists in the world, often emerging from the most unexpected places. I learned this lesson early in my life. At nine years old, I had been through more than the usual amount of excitement and change for a girl my age. In the past few months, my stable life had been turned upside down when my father, who was a nurse, was laid off from his job at a local hospital. This set into motion a series of events, including my parents losing our beautiful Victorian home and forcing our family into a fifteen-foot pull trailer (挂车) we had previously only used for weekend camping trips. My parents also withdrew me from my private school and began homeschooling my brother and me. Life in the trailer was tough. We were incredibly crowded. I’ll never forget the first time we sat on the tiny couch together, the one that served as my parents’ bed at night. When Mom, Dad, my brother, and I all sat on the couch (沙发) at the end of the trailer, the entire front end began to tip in our direction, forcing one of us to jump up and rolled to the front. This settled the trailer back on the ground. “Well, at least we know we’re all in this together!” Dad laughed it off. Things were getting bleak (不乐观的). One day, Mom made out a shopping list while the last of our food, fried chicken, sizzled (发出咝咝声) on the stove top. “We don’t have enough food to last the week,” she let out a sigh. Then Mom got up and started putting the chicken on a plate for dinner. I opened the tiny door and let the smell of dinner follow me as I wandered outside to find my dad. He was working on our broken-down truck. Then, I noticed a man walking up to our humble home. “Can I help you, sir?” my dad asked in his friendly way. “I’m hoping you can,” he said. “I’m starving, but payday isn’t until tomorrow.” 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I looked up at Dad, knowing we didn’t have much. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The next day, we found some paper bags with a thank-you note by our trailer door. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 I looked up at Dad, knowing we didn’t have much. Dad hesitated for a moment, glancing at the plate of fried chicken on the table. Then, without a second thought, Dad invited the man inside and placed the plate of fried chicken in front of him. “Help yourself,” Dad said warmly. The man didn’t hesitate for long. He grabbed a piece of chicken and ate it greedily, his eyes closed in satisfaction. After he finished, he thanked Dad profusely and promised to pay us back when he got his paycheck the next day. With that, he left, leaving us with a little less food but a lot more warmth in our hearts. The next day, we found some paper bags with a thank-you note by our trailer door. Inside were groceries — bread, milk, vegetables, and even some meat. We were all moved by this unexpected act of kindness. Mom’s eyes filled with tears as she read the note, which said, “Thank you for your kindness yesterday. I hope this helps a little. There is still good in the world.” From that day on, I realized that even in our toughest times, a small act of kindness could make a big difference. It also taught me the value of giving, even when we have little ourselves. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述作者九岁时经历家庭变故，生活陷入困境，一家人挤在拖车里，食物也不够吃。一天，作者看到有个饥饿的男人来到他们简陋的家门口，向作者父亲求助。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“我抬头看着爸爸，知道我们没有多少东西了。”可知，第一段可描写作者和父亲面对饥饿男人的求助时的反应，以及他们决定帮助这个男人的经过。 ②由第二段首句内容“第二天，我们在拖车门口发现了一些纸袋，旁边还有一张感谢的纸条。”可知，第二段可描写作者和家人看到纸袋和感谢纸条后的反应，以及这件事对作者的影响。 2.续写线索：作者和父亲面对求助的反应——决定帮助男人——男人感谢离开——第二天发现纸袋和纸条——家人感动——作者理解善意并得出感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类： ①犹豫：hesitate/waver ②抓起：grab/clutch ③保证：promise/guarantee 情绪类： ①贪婪地：greedily/voraciously ②感动的：moved/touched 【点睛】[高分句型1] With that, he left, leaving us with a little less food but a lot more warmth in our hearts.（运用了现在分词短语作结果状语） [高分句型2]. Mom’s eyes filled with tears as she read the note, which said, “Thank you for your kindness yesterday. I hope this helps a little. There is still good in the world.”（运用了as引导的时间状语从句，以及which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰note） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$