2025年中考英语冲刺语法集训：定语从句专题

定语从句专题 目录 考点集锦 1 考点一、定语从句基础概念 1 考点二、核心考点：关系词的用法 2 （一）关系代词（指代先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语） 2 （二）关系副词（指代先行词，在从句中作状语） 3 （三）只能用 that 或 which 的特殊情况 4 考点三、易混点辨析 5 小试牛刀 6 考点集锦 考点一、定语从句基础概念 1. 定义：在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句，通常紧跟在被修饰词（先行词）之后。 2. 构成：先行词 + 关系词（关系代词 / 关系副词） + 从句 拓展：特殊定语从句结构 (1) 分隔式定语从句 先行词与关系词被其他成分隔开： 例句：The story that I read yesterday is about a brave astronaut.（我昨天读的故事是关于一位勇敢的宇航员的。）（先行词 the story 与 that 被 I read yesterday 隔开） (2) 带插入语的定语从句 从句中含插入语（如 I think, she believes）： 例句：This is the student who, I believe, will win the competition.（这就是我认为会赢得比赛的学生。）（插入语不影响关系词选择） (3) 双重定语从句 同一先行词被两个定语从句修饰： 例句：The book that is interesting and that we all like is on the desk.（既有趣又受大家喜爱的书在桌子上。）（两个 that 从句并列） 3. 例句：The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.（穿红裙子的女孩是我妹妹。） （先行词：the girl；关系代词：who；从句：is wearing a red dress） 考点二、核心考点：关系词的用法 （一）关系代词（指代先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语） 关系代词 先行词 从句中成分 例句 that 人 / 物 主语、宾语、表语 The writer and his works that you talked about yesterday are famous.（你昨天谈论的那位作家和他的作品很有名。）（作宾语，可省略） which 物 主语、宾语 The building which stands near the river is our school.（河边的建筑是我们学校。）（作主语） who 人 主语、宾语 The man who is speaking at the meeting is our teacher.（在会上发言的人是我们老师。）（作主语） whom 人 宾语 The girl whom you met yesterday is my cousin.（你昨天遇见的女孩是我表妹。）（作宾语，可省略） whose 人 / 物 定语 This is the boy whose mother is a doctor.（这就是那个母亲是医生的男孩。）（作定语） 补充：关系代词作宾语时可省略 例句：The movie (that/which) we watched last night was fantastic.（我们昨晚看的电影太棒了。）（that/which 作宾语，可省略） 补充：which 的非限制性用法 (1) 引导非限制性定语从句（不可用 that）： 例句：The book, which I bought last week, is very interesting.（这本书很有趣，我上周买的。）（补充说明，用 which，不可省略） (2) 指代整个主句： 例句：He didn’t study hard, which made his parents angry.（他不努力学习，这让他父母很生气。）（which 指代前句整件事） 【2024・吉林长春】Mr. Chen is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable. 答案：who。先行词是 “a teacher” 指人，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词 who 引导。 【2024・江苏宿迁三模】I like books ________ are about science and technology. 答案：which/that。先行词是 “books” 指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 which 或 that 引导。 【2024・湖南张家界】I like music ______ can touch the hearts of people. 答案：which/that。先行词是 “music” 指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 that 或 which 引导。 【2024・湖南张家界】—I want to read some Chinese classics. —Journey to the West. It’s a book _______ is about Monkey King. 答案：which/that。先行词是 “book” 指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 that 或 which 引导。 【2024・吉林长春】Mr. Chen is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable. 答案：who。先行词 “a teacher” 是人，关系代词在从句中作宾语，用 who 引导。 （二）关系副词（指代先行词，在从句中作状语） 关系副词 先行词 从句中成分 例句 when 时间 时间状语 I still remember the day when we met for the first time.（我仍记得我们第一次见面的那天。） where 地点 地点状语 This is the park where we had a picnic last week.（这就是我们上周野餐的公园。） why 原因 原因状语 Do you know the reason why he was late for school?（你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？） 1. when 的灵活运用 先行词为抽象时间名词（如 day, time, moment）： 例句：I’ll never forget the time when we studied together.（我永远忘不了我们一起学习的时光。） 与介词 + which 转换： 例句：This is the year when/in which my sister went to college.（这一年我姐姐上大学了。） 2. where 的特殊场景 先行词为地点类抽象名词（如 case, situation, point）： 例句：This is a good case where you can use this phrase.（这是一个可以使用这个短语的好例子。） 与介词 + which 转换： 例句：The hotel where we stayed is near the station. = The hotel at which we stayed is near the station.（我们住的酒店在车站附近。） 3. why 的唯一用法 先行词仅限 reason，且可与 for which 互换。 例句：Do you know the reason why/for which he refused the invitation?（你知道他拒绝邀请的原因吗？） 辨析：关系代词 vs. 关系副词 关键区别：关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语，关系副词作状语。 例句对比： This is the house which/that he bought last year.（作宾语，用关系代词） This is the house where he lived last year.（作状语，用关系副词） （三）只能用 that 或 which 的特殊情况 1. 只能用 that 的情况 (1) 先行词为不定代词（all, everything, nothing, something 等）。 例句：All that he said is true.（他说的一切都是真的。） (2) 先行词被序数词、最高级或 only, just, very 等修饰。 例句：This is the first book that I have read this year.（这是我今年读的第一本书。） (3) 先行词既有人又有物。 例句：They talked about the people and things that they remembered in school.（他们谈论了在学校记得的人和事。） (4) 主句以 who/which 开头的特殊疑问句。 例句：Who is the boy that is playing football?（踢球的男孩是谁？） 【2024・黑龙江哈尔滨三模】Mother’s love is one of the greatest pleasures ________ we can enjoy. It also gives us bravery and power to overcome the difficulties. 答案：that。先行词是 “pleasures” 指物，且被最高级修饰，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词 that 引导。 【2023・黑龙江牡丹江】If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved. 答案：that。先行词 “nothing” 是不定代词，关系代词在从句中作主语，只能用 that 引导。 2. 只能用 which 的情况 (1) 关系代词前有介词（介词 + which）。 例句：This is the room in which he lived ten years ago.（这是他十年前住的房间。） (2) 先行词本身是 that。 例句：What’s that which is under the desk?（桌子底下的那个东西是什么？） 考点三、易混点辨析 1. who vs. whom who作主语或宾语（口语中可代替 whom 作宾语），whom仅作宾语（正式场合用）。 例句： The man who/whom you saw yesterday is my uncle.（你昨天看见的人是我叔叔。）（作宾语，who/whom 均可） To whom did you give the book?（你把书给了谁？）（介词后用 whom） 2. whose vs. of which whose可指人或物，作定语；of which 表示所属关系，相当于 “whose + 名词”。 例句： The classroom whose door is broken is on the second floor. = The classroom of which the door is broken is on the second floor.（门坏了的教室在二楼。） 3. 定语从句 vs. 宾语从句 类型 本质区别 例句 定语从句 修饰先行词 The man who is talking to you is my teacher.（定语，修饰 the man） 宾语从句 作宾语 I know who that man is.（宾语，作 know 的宾语） 4. 定语从句 vs. 同位语从句 类型 功能 引导词特点 例句 定语从句 修饰先行词 指代先行词 The news that he told me is true.（他告诉我的消息是真的。）（that 作宾语） 定语从句 补充说明先行词 不指代先行词 The news that he won the prize is true.（他获奖的消息是真的。）（that 不作成分，同位语从句） 小试牛刀 1．—What do you think of the new teacher ________ came to teach you English last week? —She is so kind and warm-hearted and she teaches very well. A．who B．whom C．which 2．Home is always a place ________ you can feel love and warmth whatever problems you face. A．which B．where C．when 3．Du Fu is a Chinese poet ________ has become popular with many people around the world. A．who B．whom C．what D．whose 4．—Harbin is a city with cold weather and warm people in ________ you can enjoy the most beautiful scenery of ice and snow. —It has been one of the most popular cities since last year. A．that B．who C．which 5．Teenagers shouldn’t buy too many shoes and clothes ________ prices go ________ their parents’ ability to pay. A．who, above B．whose, beyond C．whose, over D．who, behind 6．—Do you know the girl ________ is sitting by the table next to Monica? —Yes. She is Monica's cousin. They are celebrating her ________ birthday. A．who; fifth B．that; the fifth C．which; five 7．The man _________ my father talked with just now is my English teacher. A．/ B．which C．whose 8．—Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ brings the habit of reading back into the public. A．who B．which C．whom D．what 9．Ba Jin is a well-known and much-loved writer ________ works were influenced by Chinese and Western philosophy and literature (哲学与文化). A．who B．that C．whose 10．Lily doesn’t know ________ she can do to help the little victim ________ parents both have died. A．that; whose B．what; whose C．what; whom D．how; whom 11．—Excuse me, could you tell me where the nearest restroom is? —Certainly. Go along Zhongshan Road and you’ll see a white house ________ windows face the north. A．which B．that C．whose 12．Do you know the year ________ the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A．which B．that C．when D．on which 13．—What do you know about the Mid-Autumn Festival? —It’s a festival _______ people usually eat mooncakes and admire the moon. A．which B．when C．where D．that 14．These pictures remind me of the years ________ we learnt to play the piano in Beijing. A．when B．that C．what D．whom 15．It was in his childhood ________ he often walked into the woods ________ he spent many hours observing insects. A．that; when B．that; where C．when; where D．when; that 16．Xiao Wang, we will graduate from this school in about three months. I believe we will never forget this school ________ we have studied for three years. A．where B．which C．who 17．Yesterday Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house ________ he was born. A．where B．which C．who D．it 18．________ computer games is the reason ________ he is absent-minded in class. A．Being addicted to; that B．Addicted to; why C．Being addicted to; why D．Addicted to; that 19．The reason________ he didn’t come was__________ he was ill. A．why； that B．that； why C．for that； that D．for which； what 20．Kate was at home. Her mother was asking her about the reason ________ she didn’t go to school. A．why B．that C．which D．for what 21．The reason ____he was absent from the meeting was ____his car broke down on the way. A．that; because B．why; that C．that; that D．for; that 22．The Ice Ribbon is the venue (场馆) ________ one of the Winter Olympic events took place. A．that B．/ C．where D．which 23．He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the accident. A．what B．which C．where D．how 24．You’ll soon get to the bus station ________ you can hire a taxi to reach your hotel. A．which B．where C．when D．on which 25．The man with ________ they are talking comes from Nanjing. A．whom B．that C．which D．what 26．—Have you heard of the most beautiful place ______ he visited last winter? —Yes, it is the beautiful place in ______ Lu Xun was born. A．/; which B．that; that C．which; / 27．Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 28．Many young people, most ________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A．of which B．of them C．of whom D．of those 29．We all remember the days _______ we took part in the activities and won the first prize together. A．on which B．that C．which 30．Though we students are going to leave middle school, we should always remember the very good old days ________ we’ve spent the unforgettable time with our classmates. A．that B．on which C．which 31．Huang Xuhua, ______ is known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine (核潜艇)”, was born in 1926. He devoted (奉献) his whole life to our country. A．who B．which C．what 32．China’s first Mars rover Zhurong, ________ landed on Mars in 2021, collected valuable data about the red planet. A．who B．which C．what 33．—Have you seen the film Leap? —Yes. It’s the best one ______I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．what D．how 34．Mother is the most important person in our life. Her love is the only love ________ doesn’t want to get repaid. A．which B．who C．that 35．Harbin Institute of Technology (哈尔滨工业大学) is the best university in Harbin ________ has opened its doors to middle school students, offering them a chance to explore (探索) the space world. A．which B．/ C．that 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 定语从句专题 目录 考点集锦 1 考点一、定语从句基础概念 1 考点二、核心考点：关系词的用法 2 （一）关系代词（指代先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语） 2 （二）关系副词（指代先行词，在从句中作状语） 3 （三）只能用 that 或 which 的特殊情况 4 考点三、易混点辨析 5 小试牛刀 6 考点集锦 考点一、定语从句基础概念 1. 定义：在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句，通常紧跟在被修饰词（先行词）之后。 2. 构成：先行词 + 关系词（关系代词 / 关系副词） + 从句 拓展：特殊定语从句结构 (1) 分隔式定语从句 先行词与关系词被其他成分隔开： 例句：The story that I read yesterday is about a brave astronaut.（我昨天读的故事是关于一位勇敢的宇航员的。）（先行词 the story 与 that 被 I read yesterday 隔开） (2) 带插入语的定语从句 从句中含插入语（如 I think, she believes）： 例句：This is the student who, I believe, will win the competition.（这就是我认为会赢得比赛的学生。）（插入语不影响关系词选择） (3) 双重定语从句 同一先行词被两个定语从句修饰： 例句：The book that is interesting and that we all like is on the desk.（既有趣又受大家喜爱的书在桌子上。）（两个 that 从句并列） 3. 例句：The girl who is wearing a red dress is my sister.（穿红裙子的女孩是我妹妹。） （先行词：the girl；关系代词：who；从句：is wearing a red dress） 考点二、核心考点：关系词的用法 （一）关系代词（指代先行词，在从句中作主语、宾语、定语） 关系代词 先行词 从句中成分 例句 that 人 / 物 主语、宾语、表语 The writer and his works that you talked about yesterday are famous.（你昨天谈论的那位作家和他的作品很有名。）（作宾语，可省略） which 物 主语、宾语 The building which stands near the river is our school.（河边的建筑是我们学校。）（作主语） who 人 主语、宾语 The man who is speaking at the meeting is our teacher.（在会上发言的人是我们老师。）（作主语） whom 人 宾语 The girl whom you met yesterday is my cousin.（你昨天遇见的女孩是我表妹。）（作宾语，可省略） whose 人 / 物 定语 This is the boy whose mother is a doctor.（这就是那个母亲是医生的男孩。）（作定语） 补充：关系代词作宾语时可省略 例句：The movie (that/which) we watched last night was fantastic.（我们昨晚看的电影太棒了。）（that/which 作宾语，可省略） 补充：which 的非限制性用法 (1) 引导非限制性定语从句（不可用 that）： 例句：The book, which I bought last week, is very interesting.（这本书很有趣，我上周买的。）（补充说明，用 which，不可省略） (2) 指代整个主句： 例句：He didn’t study hard, which made his parents angry.（他不努力学习，这让他父母很生气。）（which 指代前句整件事） 【2024・吉林长春】Mr. Chen is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable. 答案：who。先行词是 “a teacher” 指人，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词 who 引导。 【2024・江苏宿迁三模】I like books ________ are about science and technology. 答案：which/that。先行词是 “books” 指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 which 或 that 引导。 【2024・湖南张家界】I like music ______ can touch the hearts of people. 答案：which/that。先行词是 “music” 指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 that 或 which 引导。 【2024・湖南张家界】—I want to read some Chinese classics. —Journey to the West. It’s a book _______ is about Monkey King. 答案：which/that。先行词是 “book” 指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 that 或 which 引导。 【2024・吉林长春】Mr. Chen is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable. 答案：who。先行词 “a teacher” 是人，关系代词在从句中作宾语，用 who 引导。 （二）关系副词（指代先行词，在从句中作状语） 关系副词 先行词 从句中成分 例句 when 时间 时间状语 I still remember the day when we met for the first time.（我仍记得我们第一次见面的那天。） where 地点 地点状语 This is the park where we had a picnic last week.（这就是我们上周野餐的公园。） why 原因 原因状语 Do you know the reason why he was late for school?（你知道他上学迟到的原因吗？） 1. when 的灵活运用 先行词为抽象时间名词（如 day, time, moment）： 例句：I’ll never forget the time when we studied together.（我永远忘不了我们一起学习的时光。） 与介词 + which 转换： 例句：This is the year when/in which my sister went to college.（这一年我姐姐上大学了。） 2. where 的特殊场景 先行词为地点类抽象名词（如 case, situation, point）： 例句：This is a good case where you can use this phrase.（这是一个可以使用这个短语的好例子。） 与介词 + which 转换： 例句：The hotel where we stayed is near the station. = The hotel at which we stayed is near the station.（我们住的酒店在车站附近。） 3. why 的唯一用法 先行词仅限 reason，且可与 for which 互换。 例句：Do you know the reason why/for which he refused the invitation?（你知道他拒绝邀请的原因吗？） 辨析：关系代词 vs. 关系副词 关键区别：关系代词在从句中作主语或宾语，关系副词作状语。 例句对比： This is the house which/that he bought last year.（作宾语，用关系代词） This is the house where he lived last year.（作状语，用关系副词） （三）只能用 that 或 which 的特殊情况 1. 只能用 that 的情况 (1) 先行词为不定代词（all, everything, nothing, something 等）。 例句：All that he said is true.（他说的一切都是真的。） (2) 先行词被序数词、最高级或 only, just, very 等修饰。 例句：This is the first book that I have read this year.（这是我今年读的第一本书。） (3) 先行词既有人又有物。 例句：They talked about the people and things that they remembered in school.（他们谈论了在学校记得的人和事。） (4) 主句以 who/which 开头的特殊疑问句。 例句：Who is the boy that is playing football?（踢球的男孩是谁？） 【2024・黑龙江哈尔滨三模】Mother’s love is one of the greatest pleasures ________ we can enjoy. It also gives us bravery and power to overcome the difficulties. 答案：that。先行词是 “pleasures” 指物，且被最高级修饰，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词 that 引导。 【2023・黑龙江牡丹江】If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved. 答案：that。先行词 “nothing” 是不定代词，关系代词在从句中作主语，只能用 that 引导。 2. 只能用 which 的情况 (1) 关系代词前有介词（介词 + which）。 例句：This is the room in which he lived ten years ago.（这是他十年前住的房间。） (2) 先行词本身是 that。 例句：What’s that which is under the desk?（桌子底下的那个东西是什么？） 考点三、易混点辨析 1. who vs. whom who作主语或宾语（口语中可代替 whom 作宾语），whom仅作宾语（正式场合用）。 例句： The man who/whom you saw yesterday is my uncle.（你昨天看见的人是我叔叔。）（作宾语，who/whom 均可） To whom did you give the book?（你把书给了谁？）（介词后用 whom） 2. whose vs. of which whose可指人或物，作定语；of which 表示所属关系，相当于 “whose + 名词”。 例句： The classroom whose door is broken is on the second floor. = The classroom of which the door is broken is on the second floor.（门坏了的教室在二楼。） 3. 定语从句 vs. 宾语从句 类型 本质区别 例句 定语从句 修饰先行词 The man who is talking to you is my teacher.（定语，修饰 the man） 宾语从句 作宾语 I know who that man is.（宾语，作 know 的宾语） 4. 定语从句 vs. 同位语从句 类型 功能 引导词特点 例句 定语从句 修饰先行词 指代先行词 The news that he told me is true.（他告诉我的消息是真的。）（that 作宾语） 定语从句 补充说明先行词 不指代先行词 The news that he won the prize is true.（他获奖的消息是真的。）（that 不作成分，同位语从句） 小试牛刀 1．—What do you think of the new teacher ________ came to teach you English last week? —She is so kind and warm-hearted and she teaches very well. A．who B．whom C．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你觉得上周来教你英语的那位新老师怎么样？——她是如此的善良和热心，而且她教得很好。 考查定语从句。who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语；which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。此处先行词new teacher指人，且关系词在定语从句中作主语，用who。故选A。 2．Home is always a place ________ you can feel love and warmth whatever problems you face. A．which B．where C．when 【答案】B 【详解】句意：家永远是一个无论你面临什么问题，都能感受到爱与温暖的地方。 考查定语从句。which在定语从句中作主语或宾语；where在定语从句中作地点状语；when在定语从句中作时间状语。先行词“a place”是地点，在从句“you can feel love and warmth whatever problems you face”中作地点状语，即“在这个地方能感受到爱与温暖”。故选B。 3．Du Fu is a Chinese poet ________ has become popular with many people around the world. A．who B．whom C．what D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：杜甫是一位深受世界各地许多人喜爱的中国诗人。 考查定语从句关系词。who关系代词，指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom关系代词，指人，在从句中作宾语；what不能引导定语从句；whose关系代词，指人或物，在从句中作定语。根据“a Chinese poet”可知先行词指人，且关系词在从句“has become popular with many people around the world”中作主语，所以用who。故选A。 4．—Harbin is a city with cold weather and warm people in ________ you can enjoy the most beautiful scenery of ice and snow. —It has been one of the most popular cities since last year. A．that B．who C．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——哈尔滨是一个气候寒冷、人民温暖的城市，在这里你可以欣赏到最美丽的冰雪风光。——自去年以来，它一直是最受欢迎的城市之一。 考查定语从句引导词。that那个；who谁；which哪个。空处位于定语从句中，修饰先行词city，先行词为物，且前面有介词in，此时需要使用关系代词which，构成in which引导的定语从句，相当于where。故选C。 5．Teenagers shouldn’t buy too many shoes and clothes ________ prices go ________ their parents’ ability to pay. A．who, above B．whose, beyond C．whose, over D．who, behind 【答案】B 【详解】句意：青少年不应该买太多价格超过父母支付能力的鞋子和衣服。 考查定语从句和介词辨析。who谁；whose谁的；above在……上；over超过，多指数量；beyond超过，多指能力；behind在……后。第一空引导定语从句且在从句中作定语，表示“鞋子和衣服的”，所以选填whose；根据“their parents’ ability to pay”可知，此处指超出父母的购买力，go beyond“超出”。故选B。 6．—Do you know the girl ________ is sitting by the table next to Monica? —Yes. She is Monica's cousin. They are celebrating her ________ birthday. A．who; fifth B．that; the fifth C．which; five 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认识坐在莫妮卡旁边桌子旁边的那个女孩吗？——是的。她是莫妮卡的表妹。他们正在庆祝她的五岁生日。 考查定语从句和序数词。在定语从句中，先行词指人时用who或that引导，表示某人的第几个生日用序数词，five的序数词是fifth，序数词前有物主代词则省去the。故选A。 7．The man _________ my father talked with just now is my English teacher. A．/ B．which C．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：刚才和我爸爸说话的那个男士是我的英语老师。 考查定语从句用法。先行词是The man，指人，在定语从句中作talked with的宾语，关系代词可省略或用whom。故选A。 8．—Do you like the weekly talk show, The Reader, on CCTV? —Sure. It’s a great TV program ________ brings the habit of reading back into the public. A．who B．which C．whom D．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你喜欢中央电视台每周播出的脱口秀《朗读者》吗？——当然。这是一个很棒的电视节目，它让公众重新养成了阅读的习惯。 考查定语从句从属连词。who谁，先行词是人，在从句中作主语；which哪一个，先行词是人或物，在从句中做主语、宾语等；whom谁，先行词是人，在从句中作宾语；what什么，不能引导定语从句。从句位于名词program后，此句为定语从句，先行词是TV program，非人。故选B。 9．Ba Jin is a well-known and much-loved writer ________ works were influenced by Chinese and Western philosophy and literature (哲学与文化). A．who B．that C．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：巴金是一位著名的深受喜爱的作家，他的作品受到了中西哲学和文学的影响。 考查定语从句。根据“Ba Jin is a well-known and much-loved writer…works were influenced by Chinese and Western philosophy and literature.”可知，空处后的句子为定语从句，用来修饰名词“writer”，其中“works”和“writer”之间为所属关系，应用关系代词“whose”引导定语从句。故选C。 10．Lily doesn’t know ________ she can do to help the little victim ________ parents both have died. A．that; whose B．what; whose C．what; whom D．how; whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Lily不知道她能做些什么来帮助那个父母都去世的小受害者。 考查宾语从句和定语从句。that那，在宾语从句中不作成分；what什么；whom谁；whose谁的；how如何。know后缺少宾语，且do后缺少宾语，即“做的事情”，所以第一空用what引导的宾语从句；parents both have died是victim的后置定语，是对victim的进一步解释说明，且parents和victim之间是“所属”关系，所以第二空用whose。故选B。 11．—Excuse me, could you tell me where the nearest restroom is? —Certainly. Go along Zhongshan Road and you’ll see a white house ________ windows face the north. A．which B．that C．whose 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，你能告诉我最近的洗手间在哪里吗？——当然。沿着中山路走，你会看到一座窗户朝北的白色房子。 考查定语从句。which引导定语从句，先行词为物，在从句中作主语或宾语；that引导定语从句，先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose引导定语从句，先行词为人或物，在从句中作定语。分析句子，此处引导定语从句，先行词为a white house，与从句主语windows是所属关系，应用whose引导定语从句。故选C。 12．Do you know the year ________ the Chinese Communist Party was founded? A．which B．that C．when D．on which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你知道中国共产党成立的那一年吗？ 考查定语从句。which哪一个；that那个；when在……时候；on which在这；分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词year在从句中作时间状语，用关系副词when。故选C。 13．—What do you know about the Mid-Autumn Festival? —It’s a festival _______ people usually eat mooncakes and admire the moon. A．which B．when C．where D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你对中秋节了解多少？——这是一个人们通常吃月饼和赏月的节日。 考查定语从句。根据“It’s a festival…people usually eat mooncakes and admire the moon.”可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是festival，表示时间概念，从句中缺时间状语，应该用关系副词when引导定语从句。故选B。 14．These pictures remind me of the years ________ we learnt to play the piano in Beijing. A．when B．that C．what D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这些照片使我想起了我们在北京学习弹钢琴的那些年。 考查定语从句关系词的用法。when“……的时候”，关系副词，在定语从句中作时间状语；that，关系代词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what不属于定语从句关系词；whom指代人，在定语从句中作宾语。根据从句部分“we learnt to play the piano in Beijing”可知，这是一个完整的句子，作时间状语修饰先行词“years”，因此用关系副词when。故选A。 15．It was in his childhood ________ he often walked into the woods ________ he spent many hours observing insects. A．that; when B．that; where C．when; where D．when; that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他小时候经常走进树林，在那里观察昆虫好几个小时。 考查强调句和定语从句。根据“It was in his childhood...he often walked into...”可知，此处是“it is+时间状语+that”的强调句结构；根据“the woods...he spent many hours observing insects”可知此处是定语从句，先行词是the woods，关系词在从句中作状语，用where引导定语从句。故选B。 16．Xiao Wang, we will graduate from this school in about three months. I believe we will never forget this school ________ we have studied for three years. A．where B．which C．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：小王，我们大约三个月后就要从这所学校毕业了。我相信我们永远不会忘记这所学校，我们在那里学习了三年。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是this school，关系词在从句中作地点状语，用where引导定语从句。故选A。 17．Yesterday Mr. Green went to his hometown and visited the old house ________ he was born. A．where B．which C．who D．it 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天格林先生先生去了他的家乡，参观了他出生的老房子。 考查定语从句。where哪里；which哪个；who谁；it它。分析句子，可知句中先行词“the old house”，在从句中作地点状语，关系词应用where。故选A。 18．________ computer games is the reason ________ he is absent-minded in class. A．Being addicted to; that B．Addicted to; why C．Being addicted to; why D．Addicted to; that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：沉迷于电脑游戏是他上课心不在焉的原因。 考查非谓语和定语从句。分析句子可知，“is”前为主语，应用动名词短语“Being addicted to computer games”作主语；第二空到句末为定语从句，修饰先行词“reason”，应用关系副词why引导定语从句，在从句中作原因状语。故选C。 19．The reason________ he didn’t come was__________ he was ill. A．why； that B．that； why C．for that； that D．for which； what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他没有来的原因是他生病了。 考查关系代词的用法。why关系副词，指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，它的先行词通常是reason。that关系代词，既可以指人也可以指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。that也可以引导表语从句，在从句中不作句子成分，但不能省略。for that是干扰项，无此结构。for which是“介词+关系代词”的结构。what引导表语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语等。已知the reason是先行词，所以关系副词用why。he was ill是表语从句，且结构完整，所以用that（不作句子成分）引导，故选A。 【点睛】先行词是reason，关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语。但若关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则定语从句用that或which引导。 20．Kate was at home. Her mother was asking her about the reason ________ she didn’t go to school. A．why B．that C．which D．for what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：凯特在家。她妈妈正在问她不去上学的原因。 考查定语从句。why为什么；that无实义；which哪一个；for what为了什么。根据“Her mother was asking her about the reason ... she didn’t go to school.”可知，此处指询问她不去上学的原因，用why引导定语从句。故选A。 21．The reason ____he was absent from the meeting was ____his car broke down on the way. A．that; because B．why; that C．that; that D．for; that 【答案】B 【详解】第一空为why引导的定语从句来修饰The reason；第二空为that引导的表语从句。分析句子成分：The reason was that his car broke down on the way. Why he was absent from the meeting.为定语从句。 22．The Ice Ribbon is the venue (场馆) ________ one of the Winter Olympic events took place. A．that B．/ C．where D．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：冰丝带是冬奥会某个项目举行的场馆。 考查定语从句。根据分析句子结构可知，本句主干是 “The Ice Ribbon is the venue”，后面接了一个定语从句，用来修饰venue。从句中缺地点状语，需关系副词where来充当。故选C。 23．He wrote a letter ________ he explained what had happened in the accident. A．what B．which C．where D．how 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他写了一封信，在信里解释了事故中发生的事情。 考查定语从句。根据分析句子结构可知，本句为定语从句，先行词letter在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where。故选C。 24．You’ll soon get to the bus station ________ you can hire a taxi to reach your hotel. A．which B．where C．when D．on which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你很快就会到达汽车站，在那里你可以租一辆出租车到达你的酒店。 考查定语从句。根据“You’ll soon get to the bus station...you can hire a taxi to reach your hotel.”可知，本句为定语从句，先行词是bus station，在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where或at which引导。故选B。 25．The man with ________ they are talking comes from Nanjing. A．whom B．that C．which D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们在和他谈话的那个人来自南京。 考查定语从句。whom关系代词，指代人，在定语从句中作宾语；that关系代词，指代人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，不能与介词连用；which关系代词，指代物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句。先行词“the man”表示人，但在关系词前有介词with，因此只能用whom。故选A。 26．—Have you heard of the most beautiful place ______ he visited last winter? —Yes, it is the beautiful place in ______ Lu Xun was born. A．/; which B．that; that C．which; / 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你听说过他去年冬天去过的最美丽的地方吗？——是的，这是鲁迅出生的美丽地方。 考查定语从句引导词。第一空先行词为place，作visit的宾语，用that或which引导定语从句，也可省略that和which；第二空先行词place作地点状语，前面有介词in，用which引导定语从句。故选A。 27．Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：成都是一座大城市，我们可以在这里学习古蜀文化，享受现代生活。 考查定语从句。which先行词为物；who先行词为人；that先行词为物/人；whom先行词为人。此处先行词是city，指物，且结合介词in，可知此处是“介词+which”引导的定语从句。故选A。 28．Many young people, most ________ were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A．of which B．of them C．of whom D．of those 【答案】C 【详解】句意：许多年轻人，其中大多数受过良好教育，前往偏远地区追逐梦想。 考查定语从句。 先行词是Many young people，指人，用关系代词whom，且在定语从句中作介词of的宾语。故选C。 29．We all remember the days _______ we took part in the activities and won the first prize together. A．on which B．that C．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们都记得我们一起参加活动并获得一等奖的日子。 考查定语从句。on which是“介词+关系代词”的结构，相当于关系副词；that关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，在从句中作主语或宾语。句子先行词是“days”，在从句中作状语，指的是“在那些日子里”，在从句中作状语，应用on which引导定语从句，相当于关系副词when，故选A。 30．Though we students are going to leave middle school, we should always remember the very good old days ________ we’ve spent the unforgettable time with our classmates. A．that B．on which C．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：虽然我们学生即将离开中学，我们应该永远记住那些美好的日子，我们和我们的同学度过了难忘的时光。 考查定语从句。根据“we should always remember the very good old days”和“we’ve spent the unforgettable time with our classmates”可知，空格处引导定语从句，从句不缺成分，先行词为“days”，故应用when或时间介词+which，此时时间介词应用on。故选B。 31．Huang Xuhua, ______ is known as the “Father of China’s Nuclear Submarine (核潜艇)”, was born in 1926. He devoted (奉献) his whole life to our country. A．who B．which C．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：黄旭华，被称为“中国核潜艇之父”，出生于1926年。他一生都奉献给了我们的国家。 考查定语从句。who谁，指代人；which指代物；what不引导定语从句。根据“Huang Xuhua...is known as...”可知，先行词是“Huang Xuhua”，指人，且从句缺少主语，需用关系代词“who”引导非限制性定语从句。故选A。 32．China’s first Mars rover Zhurong, ________ landed on Mars in 2021, collected valuable data about the red planet. A．who B．which C．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：中国的首个火星车祝融号于2021年登陆火星，收集了关于这颗红色星球的宝贵数据。 考查定语从句。who谁，指人；which哪一个，指物；what什么。根据“China’s first Mars rover Zhurong”可知，祝融号火星车是“物”，故选B。 33．—Have you seen the film Leap? —Yes. It’s the best one ______I have ever seen. A．that B．which C．what D．how 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你看过电影《夺冠》吗？——看过。这是我看过的最好的一部。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此句是定语从句，what和how不引导定语从句，排除；先行词是不定代词one，前面被形容词的最高级best修饰，且空处作宾语，关系词只能用that，故选A。 34．Mother is the most important person in our life. Her love is the only love ________ doesn’t want to get repaid. A．which B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：母亲是我们生命中最重要的人。她的爱是唯一不图回报的爱。 考查定语从句。which指物，作主语或宾语；who指人，作主语；that指人或物，作主语或宾语。先行词love指物，且被the only修饰，应用that引导定语从句。故选C。 35．Harbin Institute of Technology (哈尔滨工业大学) is the best university in Harbin ________ has opened its doors to middle school students, offering them a chance to explore (探索) the space world. A．which B．/ C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：哈尔滨工业大学是哈尔滨最好的大学，它向中学生敞开了大门，为他们提供了探索太空世界的机会。 考查定语从句关系词。which引导定语从句时，在句中作主语/宾语，先行词指物；/ 不填；that引导定语从句时，在句中作主语/宾语，先行词指物/人，先行词被最高级修饰时只能用。句子中的先行词是“the best university”（被形容词最高级修饰），需用关系代词“that”引导定语从句。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$