课时检测训练38 选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 Lessons in life-【勤径学升】2026年高考英语一轮总复习课时检测训练（外研版2019）

Photovoltaic 9 a special electrical system 6.A.game B.career that produces energy from a 10 and C.relationship D.growth inexhaustible source,usually the sun.With a strong 7.A.left B.saved 11 to help people understand,Li came up with C.joined D.believed the idea of creating clips to teach science using 8.A.anxious B.horrified simple everyday words 12 of terms.As he C.surprised D.eager created more teaching videos,he began to realize he 9.A.results in B.responds to was good at it and 13 his subjects to include C.looks for D.refers to quantum mechanics and life sciences. Despite 10.A.strange B.reputable experiencing a series of failures,he finally found his C.secret D.renewable 14 It's never too 15 to do what we enjoy. 11.A.desire B.tradition 1.A.evident B.attractive C.character D.knowledge C.effective D.popular 12.A.full B.free 2.A.accumulated B.told C.true D.aware C.urged D.admired 13.A.introduced B.expanded 3.A.listening to B.waiting for C.found D.chose C.dealing with D.talking about 14.A.caring B.ending 4.A.needed B.gained C.setting D.calling C.offered D.refused 15.A.late B.busy 5.A.employment B.experts C.good D.easy C.information D.applications 课时检测训练38 选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 Lessons in life >对应答案P464 I,阅读理解 to fully grow as human beings,we need both to A receive love from and offer love to others.Without (2024·辽宁省教研教改跳合体高三一模)15 love,our connections with a wide range of forgiveness against our human nature?To answer individuals in our lives can fall apart.Even common our question,we need to ask a further question: sense strongly suggests that the will to power over What is the essence of our humanity?For the sake of others does not make for harmonious interactions. simplicity,people consider two distinctly different For example,how well has slavery worked as a mode views of humanity.The first view involves of social harmony? dominance and power.In an early paper on the From this second viewpoint of who we are as psychology of forgiveness,Droll (1984)made the humans,forgiveness plays a key role in the biological interesting claim that humans'essential nature is and psychological integrity of both individuals and more aggressive than forgiving allows.Those who communities because one of the outcomes of forgive are against their basic nature,much to their forgiveness,shown through scientific studies,is the harm.In his opinion,forgivers are compromising decreasing of hatred and the restoration of harmony. their well-being as they offer mercy to others,who Forgiveness can break the cycle of anger.At least to might then take advantage of them. the extent the people from whom you are estranged The second view involves the theme of accept your love and forgiveness and are prepared to cooperation,mutual respect,and even love as the make the required adjustments.Forgiveness can heal basis of who we are as humans.Researchers find that relationships and reconnect people. 377 课时检测训练·英语·WY As an important note,when we take a classical My teacher answered my question by presenting philosophical perspective,that of Aristotle,we see another equation(等式)：1=0.9，which could also the distinction between potentiality and actuality. be expressed as 1 =0.99999 ..repeating itself We are not necessarily born with the capacity to without ever ending. forgive,but instead with the potential to learn about There was something mysterious but fascinating it and to grow in our ability to forgive.The actuality about the equation.The left side was unchangeable, of forgiving,its actual appropriation in conflict objective:it contained a number that ended.On the situations,develops with practice. right was something endless,number repeating itself 1.What is Droll's idea about forgiveness? limitless times.Yet,somehow,these two opposed A.People should offer mercy to others. things were connected by an equal sign. B.People who forgive can have their own welfare Lying in bed,I thought about how much the affected. equation paralleled our existence.The left side of the C.Forgiveness depends on the nature of humanity. D.Aggressive people should learn to forgive. equation represents that sometimes life itself is so 2.What does the example in paragraph 2 illustrate? unchangeable and so clear.The concrete,whole A.To forgive is to love. number of the day when you were born and the day B.To fight is to grow. when you would die.But then there is that gap in C.To dominate is to harm. between life and death.The right side means a time D.To give is to receive. and space full of limitless possibilities,and endless 3.What is the writer's attitude toward forgiveness? opportunities into the open future. A.Objective. B.Reserved. So that's what life is.Objective but imaginative. C.Favorable. D.Skeptical. Unchangeable but limitless.Life is an equation with 4.What is message of the last paragraph? two sides that balances itself out.Still,we can't ever A.Forgiveness is in our nature. truly seem to put the perfect words to it.So possibly B.Forgiveness grows with time. numbers can express ideas as equally well as words C.Actuality is based on potentiality. can.For now,let's leave it at that:1=0.99999...and D.It takes practice to forgive. live a life like it. 5.What does the author emphasize about words in (2024·黑龙江省社丹虹市高三一模)I used to0 paragraph 1? believe that only words could catch the essence of A.Their wide variety. the human soul.The literary works contained such B.Their literary origins. distinet stories that they shaped the way we saw the C.Their distinct sounds. world.Words were what composed the questions we D.Their expressive power. sought to uncover and the answers to those 6.What made the author find the equation questions themselves.Words were everything. That belief changed. fascinating? In an ordinary math class,my teacher posed a A.The repetition of a number. simple question:What's 0.99 rounded to the nearest B.The way two different numbers are equal. whole number?Easy.When rounded to the nearest C.The question the teacher raised. whole number,0.99=1.Somehow,I thought even D.The difference between the two numbers. though 0.99 is only 0.01 away from 1,there's still a 7.Which of the following can replace the underlined 0.01 difference.That means even if two things are word“paralleled”in paragraph6? only a little different,they are still different,so A.Measured. B.Composed. doesn't that make them completely different? C.Mirrored. D.Influenced. 课时检测训练·英语·WY 378 8.What is a suitable title for the text? A.But whatever happiness really is A.The Perfect Equation B.It might take more work if your mood is low B.Numbers Build Equations C.For now these studies can only show associations C.An Attractive Question D.That refers to the person,and the situation he or D.Words Outperform Numbers she is in Ⅱ.七选五 E.Being able to travel around was also related to (2024·内求古包头市高三二模)We all want to enjoyment of life know what happiness means and try to find ways to F.To manage our emotions is important for both help make our life better.Happiness-you know it our body and mind when you see it,but it's hard to define.You might G.It's not as simple as "you must be happy to call it a sense of well-being,optimism or prevent heart attacks",though meaningfulness in life,although those could also be Ⅲ.语法填空 treated separately.1 we know that we want it, (2024·辽宁省辽阳市高三二模)Since the and that is just somehow good. holding of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games, We also know that we don't always have control teenagers and young children 1. (show)a over our happiness.Research suggests that genetics greater interest in skiing-related activities.Chinese may play a big role in our level of happiness,so some people born in the 1990s and after the year 2000 are of us may start out at a disadvantage.On top of the main groups of skiers,according to Ministry of that,environmental factors can bring down mood Culture and Tourism of the People's Republic of and dry up our thirst for living.2.Many studies China,2. (base)the result on data from a have found a connection between psychological and renowned travel agency. physical well-being. "During the winter that just ended,the number A 2022 review of more than 200 studies found a of bookings for skiing-related services made by these connection between positive psychological features, such as happiness,optimism and life satisfaction,and two age groups accounted 3. 60 percent of a lowered risk of heart disease. the total,and the number of children who had gone 3.If you have a good sense of well-being, skiing with their parents was on the rise,"the travel it's easier to maintain good habits:exercising,eating agency said. a balanced diet and getting enough sleep. With the trend of Chinese consumers'higher 4,and they do not provide hard evidence of enthusiasm for skiing 4. (notice),a Swiss cause and effect.But some researchers believe that luxury watchmaker organized a day on the slopes for positive mental states do have a direct effect on the young skiers in early winter last year."This body,perhaps by reducing damaging physical reflected the company's 5. (commit)to processes.For instance,they found that optimism is helping children believe in themselves through associated with lower levels of inflammation () sports,”it said,. If what you mean by happiness is specifically “We6. (firm)believe that sport is "enjoyment of life",there's newer evidence to important for the integration of children.So, support that,too.A study in the Canadian Medical 7 means a lot to us to be able to create Association Journal found that people aged 60 and environments 8. children can experience over who said they enjoyed life less were more likely the fun and joy of sport,"said Franziska Gsell,chief to develop disability over an 8-year period.5. marketing officer of the company.China had become This study does not prove that physical problems are one of the most dynamic markets for the company caused by less enjoyment of life,but suggests a and they were 9. (confidence)about their relationship. operations in the country. 379 课时检测训练·英语·WY高考一轮总复习!英语! !" 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'$*%250,06$52$3 ,$(+0-/0*6$& . /+ ê8yefVWU[ ) yÜx<kE ) Ãñ ¶ÍÙê89qJ66Ö}‰Z)F?òÃÈØ<J9 I³¼ ) d–}±RST 0 GÑ 4 # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 0 - %'% - 5.D 解析 细节理解题。根据第二段“I've largely focused on how people think about and relate to their future selves,and explored the reasons why we have such a hard time making long-term decisions.In my research,I've learnt that we often imagine our future selves like strangers,which can impede us in making long-term choices."可知，人们很难做出长期的决 定因为人们发现很难与遥远的自己联系起来。故选D。 6.B 解析 词义猜测题。根据第二段“In my research,I've learnt that we often imagine our future selves like strangers, which can impede us in making long-term choices."以及第 三段“having people engage in an imagined conversation” “actually meeting one's future self”可知，人们发现很难与遥 远的自己联系起来，即让人们参与想象中的对话与真正见到 未来的自己是非常不同的情况。故选B。 7.C 解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“I realized, through thorough reflections,that the most powerful questions would be ones that helped me make better choices today —questions exploring personal growth,regrets and unfulfilled actions."可知，作者最有可能问未来的自己：如果 有机会，你会做些什么不同的事?故选C。 8.A 解析 标题归纳题。根据第一段“There's a classic short story in which a young man travels years ahead and meets his future self.Narratives like this have always been related to science fiction. But what if you could meet your future self?”结合文章主要内容可知，A选项“时间旅行：如 果你遇到了未来的自己该怎么办?”最符合文章标题。故 选A。 Ⅱ.完形填空 [语篇导读] 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述的是中国一 名40岁的男子李巍在失业20多年后找到了自己的使命— 在社交媒体上教授量子力学。 1.D 解析 根据后文“Such is his popularity”可知，李巍在社 交媒体上变得受欢迎。故选D。 2.A 解析 根据“1.8 million followers”可知，他已经积累了 180万粉丝。故选A。 3.C 解析 根据后文“in that field because of his personality” 可知，李巍因为性格原因没有找到工作，推测他不喜欢和人 打交道。故选C。 career:PhD training.”、第三段“As Nature and other4.B 解析 根据“a bachelor's degree in law 20 years ago”可 publications have frequently reported,PhD training worldwide has been in trouble for some time.”和第四段 “Furthermore,PhD candidates are inadequately prepared for the cross-disciplinary working and large teams that characterize cutting-edge science today.”可知，作者认为博 士培养面临着困境，候选人没有为未来的工作做好充分准 备，该培养需要进行根本性改革。由此可知，作者对博士培 养很失望。故选A。 知，他20年前获得了法学学士学位。故选B。 5.A 解析 根据上文“after being unemployed for more than 20 years"可知，由于他的个性，他没有在那个领域找到工作。 故选A。 6.B 解析 根据上文“after being unemployed for more than 20 years"可知，他由于个性的原因，职业遭遇了失败，而职业 生涯的转折点出现在两年前。故选B。 4.B 解析 写作意图题。根据最后一段可知，作者认为攻读 博士学位的人数的上升加剧了博士培养体系的压力，这种体 系需要做出改变才能满足社会的期望。由此可知，作者想表 达博士培养改革刻不容缓。故选B。 7.C 解析 根据“his friend in the photovoltaic business”可 知，他加入了朋友的光伏行业。故选C。 8.C 解析 根据“to find that lots of people have no knowledge of the technology”可知，他惊讶地发现很多人对 这项技术一无所知。故选C。 B 9.D 解析 “a special electrical system”是解释光伏发电。故 [语篇导读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人们很难 做出长期的决定，因为人们发现很难与遥远的自己联系起来， 指出让人们参与想象中的对话与真正见到未来的自己相去甚 远。建议人们花一点时间想象一下这次会面，就能有助于现在 做出更好的选择。 选D。 10.D 解析 根据“and inexhaustible source,usually the sun” 可知，太阳能是可再生能源。故选D。 11.A 解析 根据“to help people understand”可知，他渴望帮 助人们了解这个行业。故选A。 12.B 解析 根据“using simple everyday words”可知，李巍想 出了用简单的日常词汇，即没有术语，制作科学视频的想 法。短语 free of表示“没有⋯⋯的”。故选B。 13.B 解析 根据“he began to realize he was good at it and” 可知，他开始意识到自己很擅长，并扩大了科目范围。故 选B。 14.D 解析 呼应上文“A 40-year-old man in China found his calling",指他最终还是找到了自己的使命。故选D。 15.A 解析 根据“to do what we enjoy”可知，做我们喜欢的 事永远不会太晚。故选A。 课时检测训练38 选择性必修第四册 Unit 2 Lessons in life I.阅读理解 A [语篇导读] 本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“原谅是否违背人 类本性”这一主题进行了深入的探讨和论证，通过对比不同的 人类本性观点，分析了原谅在个体和社区中的作用和意义。 1.B 解析 细节理解题。根据第一段“In an early paper on the psychology of forgiveness,Droll(1984)made the interesting claim that humans'essential nature is more aggressive than forgiving allows. Those who forgive are against their basic nature,much to their harm. In his opinion,forgivers are compromising their well-being as they offer mercy to others, who might then take advantage of them."可知，Droll 认为宽恕的人违背了他们的本性，对他们 造成了很大的伤害，他认为宽恕者在向他人提供仁慈的同 时，也在损害自己的幸福。故选B。 2.C 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段所举例子上文 “Researchers find that to fully grow as human beings,we need both to receive love from and offer love to others. Without love,our connections with a wide range of individuals in our lives can fall apart. 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The literary works contained such distinct stories that they shaped the way we saw the world. Words were what composed the questions we sought to uncover and the answers to those questions themselves."可知，在第一段作者 主要强调了语言的表达力量。故选D。 6.B 解析 推理判断题。根据第五段“There was something mysterious but fascinating about the equation.The left side was unchangeable,objective:it contained a number that ended. On the right was something endless, number repeating itself limitless times. Yet,somehow, these two opposed things were connected by an equal sign."可知，作者 觉得这个等式很迷人，因为数字虽然不同，但是却被等号连 接起来了。由此推知，让作者觉得这个等式迷人的是两个不 同的数相等的方式。故选B。 7.C 解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“The left side of the equation represents that sometimes life itself is so unchangeable and so clear.The concrete,whole number of the day when you were born and the day when you would die.But then there is that gap in between life and death."可 知，作者躺在床上思考的是这个等式与我们的存在是多么相 似。故选C。 8.A 解析 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第四段“My teacher answered my question by presenting another equation(等式):1=0.9,which could also be expressed as 1=0.99999⋯.repeating itself without ever ending.”和第五 段“There was something mysterious but fascinating about the equation. The left side was unchangeable,objective:it contained a number that ended.On the right was something endless,number repeating itself limitless times.Yet, somehow,these two opposed things were connected by an equal sign."可知，本文主要讲的是作者在数学课上学了一 个等式后的一些感悟。由此可知，最恰当的标题是A选项 “The Perfect Equation”。故选A。 Ⅱ.七选五 [语篇导读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了幸福的定 义以及影响幸福的因素。 1.A 解析 根据上文“Happiness—you know it when you see it,but it's hard to define.You might call it a sense of well- being,optimism or meaningfulness in life,although those could also be treated separately."和下文“we know that we want it,and that is just somehow good”可知，上文在给幸福 下定义，此处说明无论真正的幸福是什么,承接上文，且与下 文形成让步转折关系，下文中的“it”指代A 项中的 "happiness"。A项“But whatever happiness really is”符合 语境。故选A。 2.F 解析 根据上文“On top of that,environmental factors can bring down mood and dry up our thirst for living."和下 文“Many studies have found a connection between psychological and physical well-being."可知，上文提到了情 绪因素，下文提到心理健康和身体健康之间存在联系，空处 承上启下，说明管理情绪的重要性，F项中的“important for both our body and mind”与下文中的“psychological and physical well-being”对应。F项“To manage our emotions is important for both our body and mind”符合语境。故选F。 3.G 解析 根据上文“A 2022 review of more than 200 studies found a connection between positive psychological features,such as happiness,optimism and life satisfaction, and a lowered risk of heart disease."可知，幸福与降低心脏 病风险存在联系，结合下文“If you have a good sense of well-being,it's easier to maintain good habits:exercising, eating a balanced diet and getting enough sleep."可知，除了 降低心脏病的风险，良好的幸福感还有利于保持良好的生活 习惯。G项“It's not as simple as'you must be happy to prevent heart attacks',though”符合语境。故选G。 4.C 解析 根据下文“and they do not provide hard evidence of cause and effect"可知，空处不是完整的一句话，并且有复 数名词和下文的“they"对应，C项“For now these studies can only show associations"符合语境。故选C。 5.E 解析 根据上文“If what you mean by happiness is specifically'enjoyment of life’,there's newer evidence to support that, too.A study in the Canadian Medical Association Journal found that people aged 60 and over who said they enjoyed life less were more likely to develop disability over an 8-year period."可知，本段内容和“享受生 活”相关，E项中的“enjoyment of life”是关键词。E项“Being able to travel around was also related to enjoyment of life”符 合语境。故选E。 Ⅲ.语法填空 [语篇导读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是自2022年 北京冬奥会举办以来，青少年和幼儿对滑雪表现出更大的兴 趣，而中国90后和00后成为滑雪的主要群体。 1.解析 考查时态和主谓一致。空处为谓语动词，由句意及时 间状语Since the holding of the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games可知，应用现在完成时，主语为 teenagers and young children。故填 have shown/have showed。 答案 have shown/have showed 2.解析 考查非谓语动词。空处为非谓语动词，Ministry of Culture and Tourism of the People's Republic of China与 base之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表示主动，作方式状语。 故填basing。 答案 basing 3.解析 考查介词。account for“占比例为⋯⋯”,固定搭配。 故填 for。 答案 for 4.解析 考查非谓语动词。此处为 with 复合结构，the trend of Chinese consumers'higher enthusiasm for skiing与notice 之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填 noticed。 答案 noticed · 465· ·英语·WY 高考一轮总复习!英语! !" >" VW " !"ND 0 D+I< H/+,*23-2(#25#/2($6 1 0& . 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The firm's closest competitors are Volocopter,a German company,and a pair of Californian firms,Joby Aviation and Archer Aviation.All three are conducting test flights of piloted eVTOLs of various designs."可知，从最后一段我们能推断出EHang未来拓展 市场可能面临挑战。故选C。 4.C 解析 语篇出处题。通读全文和文章的写作风格可知， 文章主要介绍了中国民用航空局为世界上第一架电动垂直 起降出租车颁发证书，空中出租车有望成为现实，所以最可 能来自报纸的专栏。故选C。 B [语篇导读] 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是敦煌莫高 窟壁画的修复工作及其意义。 5.C 解析 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，该团队致力于保 护莫高窟735个洞穴中的45,000平方米的壁画和2,400多 个彩绘雕塑，因为这些文物是几个世纪以来古丝绸之路上文 化交流的产物，所以研究人员表示，他们的工作是为了更好 地保护洞穴，弘扬敦煌伟大的“包容”精神，并激励现代人。 由此推知，本段目的在于强调修复工作的重要性。故选C。 requires an all-rounder. Restorers should know painting, master the skills of a mason and have some knowledge of chemistry and physics,to be able to recognize the problems and their corresponding causes and deliver a solution. They must also select proper materials and tools, and conduct experiments,before formally carrying out the restoration and evaluating the effect afterward."可知，修复壁画需要全能型 选手。由此推知，修复工作要求很高。故选A。 7.C 解析 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，修复工作应尊重 原作，以保持壁画的现状为目标，而不是重新绘制壁画。当 修复者发现壁画的某些部分残缺或褪色时，他们不会为了创 造一个“完美”的修复外观而重新绘制，由此可知，修复壁画 应注意保持壁画的现状。故选C。 8.B 解析 标题归纳题。第一段“It's a race against time,as generations of cultural heritage conservators at the Dunhuang Academy make a great effort to protect the artistic charm of the Mogao Caves,a UNESCO World Heritage Site,despite erosion(侵蚀)by sand and wind.”提出 保护莫高窟文化的话题，第二段至第四段主要讲述壁画修复 师的工作内容及其意义，由此可知，本文主要围绕敦煌莫高 窟的壁画修复工作展开。“The Mural Restoration in the Mogao Caves"适合作本文最佳标题。故选B。 Ⅱ.完形填空 [语篇导读] 本文是一篇新闻报道。短文介绍了35岁的比利 时音乐家Tobias 因精通上海话而在社交媒体上走红。 1.B 解析 根据“on video-sharing and lifestyle_2_Douyin and Xiaohongshu”可知，在抖音和小红书上用上海话发布经 历。故选B。 2.C 解析 根据“Douyin and Xiaohongshu”以及常识可知，抖 音和小红书是两个平台。故选C。 3.A 解析 根据上文“Tobias,a 35-year-old Belgian musician, has become popular on social media for his excellent grasp of the Shanghai dialect."可知，Tobias的视频非常受欢迎，赢得 许多粉丝以及点赞。故选A。 4.D 解析 根据上文“his excellent grasp of the Shanghai dialect"可知，他说着一口流利的上海话。故选D。 5.A 解析 根据“difficult to learn”可知，上海话和外语一样 难以学习和理解。故选A。 6.C 解析 根据上文“He has been sharing his everyday experiences”以及“his daily life in the city”可知，Tobias 记录 并分享他在这个城市的日常生活。故选C。 7.D 解析 根据上文“which he 1 in Shanghai dialect,on video-sharing"可知，此处指拍摄和发布这些短视频。故 选D。 8.B 解析 根据上文“winning thousands of followers and millions of”以及“encouragement”可知，许多粉丝在平台给 他留言评论，给予鼓励。故选B。 9.C 解析 根据“intensive study”可知，Tobias没有进行认真 研究学习上海话。故选C。 10.B 解析 根据“getting immersed(沉浸)in a language environment”可知，此处阐述他学上海话的方法。故选B。 11.D 解析 根据“having a positive attitude”以及“without being afraid to make mistakes"可知，Tobias勇敢地去说上 海话，不怕犯错。故选D。 12.A 解析 根据“He was not thinking too much”可知，他一 开始学习上海话时并没有想太多，只是为了好玩。故选A。 ·英语·WY · 466·